长城景点讲解导游词20篇

各位游客现在我们看到的这尊佛像，就是望天树和南腊河传说的实物化。通过实物的形式让各位游客更直观的去聆听美丽动人的传说。佛祖的眼睛平视前方默默无闻的欢迎五湖四海的宾朋并为他们祈福。

菩提之下大悟涅磐，光阴转瞬流逝千年。一千年后，佛祖转世，后来到了这一片土地，那就是美丽的西双版纳勐腊，这里依然有虔诚崇奉他的人民。佛祖来到这片森林，被美丽的大森林吸引和人们的诚心所感动，于是驻足讲经，人们和森林里的珍禽异兽们都前来聆听。这时候下起了倾盆大雨，神奇的事情发生了，一颗由美丽的孔雀衔来的种子在佛祖莲花般美妙的讲经声中不断长高，并伸出状如伞把的树冠为大家遮风避雨，后来傣家人把它称为“埋干仲”(伞柄把树)，即今天的望天树--世界最高的树种之一，到时候我们在热带雨林中能够看到。这时候，傣家人纷纷献上茶水，佛祖把喝剩下的茶水洒在这片讲经的土地上，一刹那间，森林的边缘就有了这条茶水之河，傣家人把这条河称为“南腊”河也就是茶水之河的意思了。从此河流两岸的人民在佛祖的恩赐下过着衣食无忧的生活，每逢重大的节日都会以不同的方式、不同的活动来感恩于佛祖。

各位旅客朋友们：大家好!

位于庄河石碑40公里处，全区面积110多万平方公里，以自然山水为主要风光。这里山奇水秀，风景宜人，有云雀峰、花果山、双龙汇、仙人洞、通天洞、玉女峰、金雕石、猛虎听弦、古猿听涛等人文景观、景点400多处。区内奇峰林立，山谷清幽、溪潭澄澈、林茂花繁。有动物及时忠、植物上千种，堪称“天然动植物园”，英纳河、小峪河川流其中，其河水清澈，水质优良，含有20多种人体有益的微量元素。山、河、林、溪、泉有机结合，形成冰峪原始幽静、古朴自然的风光特色。冰峪风景区有龙华山、小峪河谷合英纳河3个景区构成。

云水渡：

它是由英纳河缓聚而成的。由于冰峪的东南面近海，海水行程的雾气经常大团地涌进谷口，是这里云雾笼罩，而英纳河则从西北流来，在这里形成了一个美丽的大湖，云水渡是取云水共渡之意。云水都市冰峪风景区的精华所在，两岸峭壁秀绝，奇峰怪石耸峙林立，有的纹理旋扭，有的拔地而起，有的迎面而立……

双龙汇：所谓双龙，指的是流经冰峪的两条河，一条适应纳河，另一条是英纳河的支流小峪河，此处便是两条河的交汇点。水中立的这块巨石叫“剑劈石”。剑石周围的水域叫“月剑潭”，这名字颇有诗意，一潭碧水倒影天上的明月和身旁的剑峰，宁静中透出几分悲壮、几分杀气。

北沟、英纳河：

所谓北沟，指的是英纳河流经的沟谷，而南沟则是指小峪河流经的沟谷，冰峪的主要景点大都被两条河贯穿着。英纳河石鳗鱼“因纳辉”的音译，意为美丽的地方，河长94.9公里，是庄河境内最长的一条河流。庄河是的淡水资源占大连地区首位，而英纳河的淡水则在庄河市的首位。为了增加碧流河水库的容量，大连市已于20xx年5月引英纳河的水进入了碧流河水库。据化验，在英纳河水中含有23种微量元素，具有抗癌和健身爽肤等多种功效。冰峪石林地貌比较集中，山峰连成一片，而有的地方却是孤峰突兀，颇有点小桂林的味道。又有人称其为“天然大盆景园”，因为景区内有“大象吸水”、“金雕”、“猪驮龟”等许多奇景。

南沟：

翻过一座高山就是冰峪的南沟，这里风光秀丽，“孤帆石”、“剑眼”、“小熊盼母归”、“美女峰”、“羊背石”等地质奇观比比皆是。过了大关门便进入了国家级自然保护区，越往里走，沟两边的森林月茂密，以柞树和赤松为主形成的针阔叶混交林莽莽苍苍，阴天蔽日。无论是在巍巍的山颠，还是在幽幽的沟谷，或是在悬崖峭壁的石缝中，到处可见塔傲然挺拔的身子。冰峪景区的另一个出口是一条隧道，它修于1998年，全长258米，是庄河境内最长的隧道，从这条隧道口可以直接乘车出山，免除爬山的辛苦。这条路沿途也有不少奇景异观，一个是“太白独饮”—一块石峰形似李太白手持酒杯，面对青山独酌豪饮。另一个是“宝塔雄狮”—一块塔状高耸的巨石旁边蹲坐着一个像雄是一样的石头。还有一处叫“猛虎听经”……

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仙人洞景区：

位于冰峪景区南部的龙华山天台峰的悬崖下，龙华山海拔561.2米。毛主席讲过“天生一个仙人洞，无限风光在险峰”，虽说的不是这里，但情景大致相同。仙人洞因曾有一位叫宏真的高僧在这里修炼成仙而得名。死后便葬于此，为宏真茔。他虽然很小，很普通，没有帝王陵的高大气势，没有许多名人墓那样肃穆庄严，但古风尚存，雅气犹在，伴着山林清风，听着鸟唱虫鸣，无论外面世界多么精彩，它宁肯长守着一方寂寞和清静的天地。通往仙人洞的道路叫“梯子岭”。梯子岭究竟有多少级台阶谁也没数过，只听当地流传这样一句话：“山上八百八，进庙就能发;下山六百六，进庙就长寿”。下山所进的庙是指仙人洞的下庙，在天台山的南麓。仙人洞洞中有洞，充满玄机，据说清末曾有两名学生进洞探险，结果一去已不复返。还有人说这洞有一条地下河，一直通往丹东市帽盔山，也有人说洞中的暗洞有一公斤蜡的路程，即燃烧晚一公斤蜡时便走到头了…….众说纷纭，详情也没有真正考察过。门前并立的这五座碑分别记述了仙人洞建庙和重修的历史。这座洞府面积为385平方米。洞府中的庙初建于1398年。庙中供奉的分别是释迦牟尼佛、宝幢王佛、弥勒尊佛，两侧为18罗汉。登上右侧这个台阶是一个木结构的二层楼，为“玉皇阁”和“三官殿”，供的是道家尊奉的神仙。仙人洞庙是道僧合一的圣地，尽管门派不同，但他们互为邻居，以和为尚，从未闹过纠纷，堪为世俗世界的楷模。东北角这个石穴约两米高，能容一人盘腿而坐，传说是宏真坐禅的地方。门东这个建筑为钟鼓楼，里面原有一个大鼓和一口铁钟，二三十里外可闻晨钟暮鼓之声，使游人未进庙就能听到仙境的召唤。每年农历四月十八是仙人洞的庙会，这山下的路上挤满了前来祭拜的善男信女。他们面色庄重，有的甚至一步一拜，那虔诚劲令人感动。下洞中两侧供奉的是四大天王神像，俗称“四大金刚”，都是护法天神。手持宝剑的是南方增长天王，取其剑锋的“锋”字谐音为在风的“风”;调拨琵琶的为东方持国天王，取调弦的“调”字;还有北方多闻天王，手把混元珍珠伞，专管下雨之事;最后一位是西方广目天王，手有缠龙，龙能屈能顺，代表顺的意思。四大天王手中器物全起来，便是“风调雨顺”四个字，反映了我们中国老百姓世世代代的愿望。下洞口门刻着“般若洞”三个字，般若是佛家语智慧的意思。洞口石岩上这两眼泉为“龙泉”，水深三尺，清澈甘冽，冬暖夏凉，深冬也不结冰，更为奇特的是井水雨天不见多，旱天不见少，每逢庙会，游人终日饮用，井水却源源不竭。下洞口西南松林中这座小庙叫“倒坐观音庙”。之所以称它为倒坐，是因为一般寺庙的门都朝南开，而这座庙的门却朝北开，观音也是朝北倒坐的。这主要是因为如来的大雄宝殿在北，观音面朝北好听如来说法。仙人洞的下庙，又叫“圣水寺”和“龙华观”，也是道僧合一的庙宇，始建于1552年，可惜在十年文化大革命中授到了严重破坏。1984年起开始重修，并在龙华观院内建了一处碑林院，汇集了历代重修庙宇的碑石和贞妇烈女的贞节碑数十座。

玉皇顶是泰山主峰之巅，因峰顶有玉皇庙而得名。玉皇顶旧称太平顶，又名天柱峰，始建年代无考，明成化年间重修。神龛上匾额题柴望遗风，说明远古帝王曾于此燔柴祭天，望祀山川诸神。殿前有极顶石，标志着泰山的最高点。极顶石西北有古登封台碑刻，说明这里是历代帝王登封，封禅泰山时的设坛祭天之处。东亭可望旭日东升，西亭可观黄河玉带。下面是由小编为大家带来的关于泰山玉皇顶导游词讲解，希望能够帮到您!

这里是步行上山路的起点，这里有个0的标志碑，从这里一直到南天门有6666级台阶，这个数字非常吉利，意思是预祝登山的朋友一切顺利。这条路大约有10公里的路程，从这里登到南天门大多需要4个小时左右的时间。

这里就是关帝庙，里面供奉的是武财神关羽，明清的时候山西的盐商经常在这里集合，他们与关公是老乡并把他视为幸运之神，于是就把他供奉在这里，原来称山西会馆，现在改为关帝庙。前面这座石坊就是一天门，泰山有三座门，一天门，中天门，南天门，每道天门上都有三重天，这就是人们说的九重天，这是一座跨道式石坊，明创建，一是万物的起点，就是说跨过这道门，就算跨进了天界的大门。根据泰山学者的考证：《西游记》。就是以泰山为样板儿创作的

这旁边有明杨可大题刻的天下奇观和孙价题刻的盘路起工处。

前面这座四柱三间门式牌坊上刻孔子登临处，是由明嘉靖三十九年山东地方督察院右副都御史朱衡等创建。为纪念孔子登泰山走到此处发出了苛政猛于虎的感叹而创建的，旁边这棵紫藤，传说是何仙姑来登泰山坐在这里宽衣解带休息，走后却把腰带落下了，就变成了这棵紫藤。

坊的东侧有明嘉靖年间济南府同知翟涛题登高必自，此语源于《中庸》，意思是说，千里之行或攀登万仞高山都要始于足下，应具备脚踏实地，埋头苦干的精神。西侧还有巡抚山东监察御史李复初题书第一山大字碑;碑阴有明代人书道家秘文符篆入云有路。相传道人带着它可驱鬼怪、治百病。西边还有清代嘉庆初年泰安知府金启撰书的《泰山种柏树记》碑，记载他于嘉庆初年率领各县官民从红门宫至升仙坊，共植柏树23000株。在坊前台阶之上的两侧，放置着形似碌碡的圆柱体大石磙，还戴着一顶荷叶帽，传为泰山镇，是镇山之宝。

再往后是双柱式天阶坊。明代嘉靖四十三年即公元1564年建。意思是这条登山的阶梯，就是登天的台阶，登天当然很苦了，也就是告诉咱们要做好心理准备了!

这就是红门宫，之所以称之为红门，是因为在他西侧的大藏岭上有两块红色的形状像门的岩石而得名，他的左侧是佛教的弥勒院，右侧是道家的碧霞庙，后来便佛道合一了。

过了红门宫这个院落就是小泰山，原来在这里有块巨石形似泰山，所以就名为小泰山了，为的就是方便年老体弱不能登上山顶的人进香而建的。

红门宫后有清代和民国年间所立的合山会记碑等26块，记载着当年朝山进香的盛况，今称小碑林。西边碑墙上镶嵌着清代光绪八年即公元1882年任道熔所书刻的《修泰山盘路碑记》，俗称泰山之碑。碑文中说：去泰山顶40余里，6700级。您还可以看到在碑的上面压着很多石块，这是泰山一带的民俗，叫做压子压福。每当农历三月或九月，大家还可以看到很多老太太头上带着树枝或带着花，意思是：头上戴朵花，媳妇来到家;头上戴个枝，回家抱孙子。

从红门宫往前走约100米处，沿野径下行就是中溪内的小洞天。深涧内巨石如屋，平面有10余平方米，厚1.5米，南侧刻有明代知泰安州事甘应甲题、范广书小洞天三个大字。东侧有圆柱形巨石横卧，断面西向，上有醉心二字。石前断崖层叠，横瀑飞流，自北向南有柳条、饮马、石峡三个碧绿的水湾。醉心石两侧谷底到处是圆柱形黑色花岗岩巨石，横断面向内，层层包裹，酷似枯木年轮，称为黑石埠。这是发育在17亿年前元古代时期的环状节理杂岩，为涡柱构造，俗称汽油桶结构。对于它的构造成因及发育历史是当今地质学界研究的新课题，在国内首次发现。这里清溪碧潭，茂林涧草，森森蔓蔓，清净幽深。仰视西崖盘道，行人如在画里，终日不绝，别有洞天。从小洞天到万仙楼的中途，在西崖上刻着勇登仙境四个字，下面就是龟洞。相传在明朝，泰安有一个贪官在调离泰安时，为了掩盖罪行，就让人们给他树碑立传。当他将龟和碑将要运到万仙楼时，游人无不唾骂，石龟感到万分羞耻，于是将背上的石碑甩进了溪谷内，自己就钻进了石洞里。

三义柏，是根据《三国》中桃园三结义而命名的，这边有一座大型石刻浮雕，建于1999年，是为纪念泰山林场建场50周年而建的，建国前泰山的古树残木仅有200余公顷，现在扩大到了1200公顷，森林覆盖率达到80%以上，90年代初被评为国家示范森林公园和全国国有林场一百佳。

前面就是万仙楼，又叫望仙楼，明代万历四十八年即公元1620年创建，后来多次重修，1959年翻修。

它是跨道门楼式建筑，下层为拱形门，门额题万仙楼上层有正殿三间，黄琉璃瓦九脊歇山顶，前面是重檐步廊式。楼上原来祭祀着王母娘娘，两侧配以列仙，所以又称王母殿，后来增加了碧霞元君，民国年间塑像全部毁坏。据传这里是王母娘娘召集泰山万仙聚会的地方，泰山管理部门于1998年在楼上的东、西、北三面墙壁上，塑造了128位神仙和众多的异兽亭台等，集宗教传说、泰山神话、人文景观、自然景观为一体，形态各异，栩栩如生。大殿的墙根四周镶嵌着明代朝山进香碑63块。古人都说：泰山的神最多，济宁的货最全。为什么泰山的神最多呢?这与吕洞宾三戏白牡丹的传说有关。他俩人的儿子叫白氏郎，儿时上学要经过一条小河，每次都有一位老爷爷背他过河说：我是天上派来的保护神，将来你就是一国之君。白牡丹知道此事后，每天做饭都敲着灶王爷的头喋喋不休地说：等我的儿子当了皇帝后，我就有怨的报怨，有仇的报仇。到了腊月二十三灶王爷就把此事告诉了玉皇大帝，玉帝为了防止白牡丹的残暴，决定在来年的七月七派雷公拔掉白氏郎的御牙和全身的龙筋。吕洞宾一听慌了手脚，就到下界偷偷地告诉了儿子，并一再嘱咐：到这天你可千万不要开口说话，虽然做不了皇帝，但还有御牙呢!白氏郎照此办理后终于保住了御牙，他恨透了天下所有的神仙，便手拿宝葫芦狠狠地说：可恶的灶头王，快到我的葫芦里来吧!只听嗖的一声，灶王爷化成一缕青烟钻进了葫芦。于是他手提葫芦走遍九州大地，见庙就进，见神就收，最后来到泰山准备收泰山老母。这时泰山老母掐指一算就知道了他的想法，于是变成一位白发老人，一手提水壶，一手提饭篮，迎着白氏郎来到十八盘。白氏郎又渴又饿，就跪下来要饭吃，老人说：这是给我儿子吃的，你要想吃除非叫我三声娘。白氏郎无奈，就连连叫了三声娘。当他来到元君庙要收泰山老母时，却听到大喝一声：大胆我儿，你竟敢来装你娘!白氏郎一惊，就把宝葫芦摔到了地上，顺着十八盘一直滚到山下。所有的神仙都跑出来了，见庙就进，见洞就钻，一直滚到万仙楼，但是还有一些神仙没有找到地方，就都居住在这里了。

在楼洞背阴镶嵌着石碣，额书谢恩处。传说古时候香客登泰山归回后到此叩头，感谢碧霞元君保佑一路平安;又传古帝王登泰山时，地方官员送驾至此而止，众官员便叩谢皇恩。在泰山周围还流传着一段关于萧大亨的故事，他当时是泰安最大的京官----兵、刑两部尚书。据说当年萧大亨与万历皇帝登泰山时已70多岁了，家有百岁老母，萧大亨向皇帝提出要回家探望老母。皇帝不答应，萧大亨一边叹气一边自言自语地吟颂唐朝诗人贺知章的诗：少小离家老大回，乡音无改鬓毛衰。儿童相见不相识，笑问客从何处来?皇帝一听就对萧大亨说：爱卿，我给你出一幅对联，假如你对上了，就让你回去;对不上，就跟我回京。萧大亨一听便高兴地答应了。皇帝慢慢地说：十口心思，思家思乡思父母。萧大亨灵机一动接上了下联：言身寸谢，谢天谢地谢龙恩。说完即刻跪拜谢主龙恩!萧大亨利用自己的聪明才智达到了探乡的目的。

万仙楼向北是革命烈士纪念碑，建于1946年，后来被飞机炸毁，1953年又重建。碑是由碑座、碑体和碑首三部分组成，碑首呈方锥体，南面贴金题额革命烈士纪念碑。碑体的南面是新四军一纵三旅的政治委员何克希所题书的碑文：叙述了整个部队转战南北的壮烈事迹;东、西、北三面刻记着一纵三旅于1946年夏季为解放泰安而牺牲的708名烈士名单。英名与泰山共寿!

从万仙楼至纪念碑之间的东溪内，古时称为桃花涧。原来这里桃花浓艳若绮，游人疑为武陵桃源。又因在它的南头多樱桃、翠竹，又名樱桃涧。古诗曾有冉冉孤生竹，结根泰山阿的名句。如今涧中樱、竹、桃虽已无存，但杨槐满谷，柏林夹岸，横瀑如帘，石刻映衬，别有情趣。另外，涧中石坪宽广，断崖跌宕，溪水潺潺而来，潆洄湍急而去，尔后沿着陡坡石峡奔流而下，汇为深广的碧池，美其名曰碧泉湾[碑刻]从这里向上，在盘路的西侧先后有：蔚然深秀、万古凌霄、洞天福地、肤寸生云、步玉清、望岳诗、及虫二等碑刻。洞天福地按道教讲是神仙居住的地方，有十大洞天，三十六小洞天，七十二福地，泰山属于三十六小洞天之一的蓬元洞天。步玉清是道家修仙后进入最高境界的玉清宫，据说天上的仙界有三重天：元始天尊居于玉清宫，太上老君住在上清宫、灵宝天尊在太清宫。肤寸升云来源于《春秋公羊传》。古代的长度单位，一指为一寸，四指等于肤寸，这里是形容在极小的空间内，泰山的冷气很快就化为云雾，然后在很短的时间内，就雨遍天下了。这是描述泰山云雨的神奇。望岳诗是杜甫的名作，由清代光绪年间的大臣、金石学家吴大澄用小篆书刻。诗中说：岱宗夫如何?齐鲁青未了。造化钟神秀，阴阳割昏晓。荡胸生层云，决眦入归鸟。会当凌绝顶，一览众山小。虫二是历下名士

刘廷桂于光绪年间题刻的字谜。这二个字是风月无边的意思，即把繁体字风、月二字拆去边框，描写周围的景色蔚然而深秀。这里面还有一个传说：当年乾隆皇帝在杭州西湖曾为风月无边亭题写匾额，如果刘廷桂在这里再次重复这四个字就是犯上，所以就别出心裁的写了个字谜。又传刘廷桂当年看到斗母宫的尼姑放荡不羁，就题二字讽剌她们风花雪月。

字谜的东溪内有巨石如罗汉，上面题写着罗汉崖三个大字，这就是小罗汉崖。谷东有罗汉峰，被称为大罗汉崖。

[斗母宫]再往前跨过斗母宫石坊之后就是斗母宫。它位于龙泉峰下，是一组完整的古建筑群，因为有龙泉之水自西北山崖而下，环绕宫墙东注中溪，所以古称龙泉观。庙宇创建无考，是泰山最古老的道观之一，里面供奉着北斗众星之母，称之为斗母宫，又名斗姥宫，别称妙香院。从此以后道观就成了尼姑庵，到了清代光绪年间，宫宇辉煌，尼僧众多，陈设豪奢，香火特盛。因此，当时的黄河总督刘鹗在他的小说《老残游记续集》中曾生动的描写了这里的尼姑生涯及其风流佚事。斗母宫分为前、中、后三院。南山门内是一进院落，院中有光绪二十五年即公元1899年泰安名士赵尔萃修建的天然池，内有两股泉水，每逢夏、秋之季双泉突涌，俗称孪生泉。池旁有古槐，并有小槐相偎依，被人们誉为母子槐池东有寄云楼五间，修建在深谷绝壁之上，上边是环廊式楼阁，旧时专供达官贵人在此饮茶赏月，抚琴对诗;楼下是地下室。后院大殿供奉的是泰山老母和她的两个姐妹，送生娘娘和眼光奶奶。

西山门外有著名的卧龙槐，巨枝伏地，如卧龙翘首。据说，原来这里只有一棵树，后来又长出了侧根，成了另一棵小树。小树长大后，枝繁叶茂，老树却枯萎了。在这过程中，小树突然发现母树上有一窝乌鸦，先是老乌鸦叼食喂小乌鸦，当小乌鸦羽毛丰满以后便又去捕食给老乌鸦，共计18天。这就是人们常说的乌鸦反哺的故事。从此之后，小槐树便把自身的养料输送给了母树，使它重获新生，所以如今卧龙槐仍是枝繁叶茂。

桥北是三官庙。在明代时为人祖庙，祭祀的是秦始皇，传说是秦二世登泰山时创建的祖龙庙遗址。到了清代改为三官庙，供奉天官、地官、水官。据传它们是尧、舜、禹的化身，后来庙宇荒废，大殿、客房、僧舍渐毁。建国后改为三官庙小学，1994年又重修。1994年又重修，这里是海拔最高的三官庙，崂山的三官庙是装饰最好的，而最大的三官庙在广东。

庙内还有一株古柏，传说是秦二世胡亥所植。在它那粗壮而低矮的主干上，生长着五条巨大的侧枝，人们附会为秦始皇的化身，说他功德盖世，一手遮天，使子孙世代相传，所以被称为五指树。

[经石峪]在庙东侧的盘路上有石坊，额书经石峪，坊后有一条岔道，是通往经石峪的小盘路。经石峪位于龙泉峰下的山坳里，翠峰围抱，溪水环流。每当阳春三月，桃红柳绿之时，那潺潺流水声与山鸟的争鸣声组成了一曲高雅的梵呗清音，好一处佛家禅定的胜地。石坪东北的水帘泉漫石而下，颇有枕流漱石、万颗明珠之感。有关经石峪的来源，还有一段美丽的传说。当年唐僧西天取经，回来时曾路过泰山，在通天河里湿了经卷，便派孙悟空找个地方晾经，悟空一个跟斗翻到了凌汉峰，手搭凉棚一观察，就找到了这块缓坡大石坪。因此，后人便把此山谷称为经石峪，把唐僧师徒晾经的石坪取名曝经石，俗称晒经石。当然，这只是一个神话罢了，关于石刻产生的真正年代及撰写人是谁?这在历史上曾有分歧。明代以前传为王羲之书;明代以后的学者，特别是清代乾嘉学派，多认为是北齐人书写的;1961年夏天，郭沫若先生来泰山观赏了经石峪大字后，留下了经字大如斗，北齐人所书的诗句。后来又与山东邹县等地的摩崖刻石相对照，进一步印证了石刻产生的年代为北齐，并将书写者定为当年的高僧安道壹。经石峪刻文的内容为佛教重要经典《金刚般若波罗密经》，简称《金刚经》。金刚即金中之刚之意，引申为牢固锐利，无坚不摧;般若意为智慧;波罗密是彼岸及无极之意;经就是途径。佛家认为教徒们若想功成名就，必须以金刚般坚韧不拔的毅力，加上潜心投入的智慧，再经顺乎宇宙发展规律的途径，才能到达彼岸的极乐世界。《金刚经》全文有5000余字，分上下两篇。此处经刻是它的上篇，共计2799字。经刻历经1400多年的山洪冲刷和风剥雨蚀，如今还存有1069个字。

经文西北有巨石，高约5米，宽约13米，中劈为两半，上题试剑石，又叫仙峡石。明代人河道总督万恭于隆庆六年即公元1572年依崖筑石亭，并就崖摩刻《高山流水亭记》，与大字辉映。据清代《岱览》引《列子》所记：伯牙善古琴，钟子期善听。伯牙鼓琴志在高山，钟子期曰善哉，峨峨兮若泰山

志在流水，钟子期曰善哉，洋洋兮若江河。后来两人相约某年后再在泰山相会，但到时钟子期已仙逝，伯牙长叹道：知音已去不复返，吾之留琴有何用?然后将琴摔毁。高山流水亭就是因此而命名的。

[水帘洞]从经石峪返回盘道，向北一走就是水帘洞。这里一涧深广，石桥横跨，称之为注水流桥。桥西北是危崖千仞，飞瀑垂珠，如带若帘，被称为天绅岩，俗称水帘泉。又因在岩壁上有横阔石缝如洞，又被称为水帘洞，这就是《西游记》中所描述的水帘洞原型。

拾阶而上是碧霞灵应宫，1995年重建，里面供奉着碧霞元君。在宫的左侧有一通高大挺立的龟驮碑，碑文叙述了历代重修的情况;龟是力大能负重的赑屃。泰山一带有一种传说：摸摸赑屃的头，一辈子不受穷;摸摸赑屃的腚，一辈子不生病。请大家摸一下，也许会给您带来好运气。前面是一段平地，在路的西侧耸立着一群似怒剑刺空的怪石，这是泰山花岗岩垂直节理发育的结果。在怪石之阴镌刻着万笏朝天四个字。笏版是古时大臣参见皇帝时，使用的一种特殊道具：一来遮面以示对天子的尊重;二是在上面书写着参奏或进谏的题纲。这里是说：泰山是神灵的象征，山前的小山头不能正视泰山，因此要用笏板遮面参拜，意为群峰拱岱。

[东西桥子]前面就是东西桥子，传说是乾隆命名的。他曾11次到达泰山，6次登临岱顶。有一年乾隆微服私访，当走到这里突然想起了文武大臣常戏称山东人为山东侉子、齐鲁棒子，于是便想戏弄一下侉子和棒子。这时，正巧碰到一个老翁在桥头拿着竹篮子捡东西，他便问道：老人家，你这个篮子干什么用的?老翁说：盛东西啊。乾隆说：你为什么盛东西，不盛南北啊?老翁奇怪地说：我这篮子只能盛东西，不能盛南北，别看我没上过学，三纲五常、四书五经、文王八卦、天干地支我都懂点。按照五行来讲，东方为木，西方为金，南为火，北为水。我盛东，东为木，捡些木柴能做饭;我盛西，西为金，拾一篮子废铁能卖钱。如果我盛南北就不行了，南方为火，北方为水，不是被烧烂就是竹篮子打水一场空。乾隆听了觉得很有道理，又说：那就把这座桥叫做东西桥子吧。老翁说：我是泰山人，你凭什么说了算呢?乾隆接着说：那我也让你说了算一次。于是老翁便说：礼仪之邦为泰山，尊老爱幼孝为先。今天让我说了算，回去反省明天攀。乾隆只好回去了，并一边走还一边自我安慰地说：侉子满山东，棒子遍齐鲁，听君一席话，胜读十年书。

从东西桥子向北，盘道的东侧有石崖悬空欲坠，如棚如屋，原来被称为马棚崖，明代吴维岳更名后大书歇马崖。据传是皇帝登泰山时在此遇雨歇马而名。

[总理奉安纪念碑]歇马崖的北侧是总理奉安纪念碑.为纪念1926年6月1日孙中山先生的灵柩运往南京而途经泰安时所建。奉安是古代帝王或圣贤安葬时的专用名词。它的碑座为五棱形，代表孙中山先生提出的五权宪法，即行政、司法、立法、考试、监察，上面题写着孙中山先生的遗嘱;碑身呈三棱形，象征着孙中山先生提出的三民主义，即民族、民权、民生，正面书写着总理奉安纪念碑七个大字。碑下地面上是用南京雨花石铺筑而成的国民党党旗。

[柏洞]再向北走古柏夹道，浓荫遮天，人行其中，如入洞穴，即使是炎夏酷暑也让人感到凉气袭人，所以在清代光绪二十五年即公元1899年张玢在这里题柏洞。洞的北边叫四槐树，这是因为有四株古槐而命名的地名。传说是唐朝鲁国公程咬金重修泰山盘路时种植的，据今已有1300多年的历史。古槐高大擎云，蔚然葱翠，后来又继生了三株小树，现在已经是老幼难辨了。如今四槐树已被洪水冲走三株，仅存者也于1989年10月5日被一场暴风雨刮倒，稍加修整后被命名为拦路槐。

[泰山女儿茶社]古槐旁有古意浓浓的几间大草棚，这是著名的泰山女儿茶庄。棚下放置着一张张用古槐木做的圆桌，周围还放着一些用古槐根雕琢的椅凳和各种古趣盎然的根雕艺术品。女儿茶在明代中期李曰华的《紫桃杂缀》中就有记载：泰山无好茗，山中人摘青桐芽饮用，号女儿茶。明代查志隆在《岱史》中也说：泰山人在扇子崖青桐涧中，采青桐芽泡制而成女儿茶，异于南茗。因为青桐涧背阴天寒，云雾萦绕，小气侯温和多雨，所以青桐芽鲜嫩清香。《红楼梦》第六十三回也描述道：三春众姐妹为宝玉庆贺生日，好不快活，先醉了史湘云憨卧芍药栏，又醉了贾宝玉回到怡红院，那袭人连忙沏了一杯女儿茶为宝玉醒酒，由此可见当时女儿茶已闻名大江南北。古时在泰山下一些14至18岁的少女，每年都要到青桐涧去采青桐芽，在五年中采集后制成的女儿茶分为两种：第一年的茶留到结婚时送给丈夫;其余四年的茶要由泰安知府收购，送到京都，被称为御茶。现在这里已成为游人聚会的重要场所了，有的品茗小憩，

有的奏乐畅谈，有的专门观赏行行色色的根雕，所以不少中外名人在这里留下了许多耐人寻味的诗文。

[壶天阁]四槐树北是壶天阁。因为这里山势陡峭，翠峰环抱，足下仅有一席之地，游人至此恰似壶中窥天，便被称为壶天阁。这里海拔为800米，大致是泰山高度的一半，按道家的说法壶天就是神仙居住的地方,壶天阁就是仙山琼阁之意。传说秦始皇当年派方士徐福到东海取长生不老之药时,就见到了三座形状若壶的神山,即蓬莱、方丈、瀛洲。

[回马岭]壶天阁北是回马岭，双柱式石坊，1937年重修时吴绍曾题额回马岭。这里重峦叠障，形势险要，峰回路转，陡绝难行，当古帝王骑马至此时就不能前行了。此处古称石关，又名瑞仙岩。旧志书传为宋真宗回马处，但他是乘辇而上，并未骑马;而东汉光武帝刘秀登泰山时却是乍步乍骑，且相半至中观留马，据此疑为是刘秀回马处。

岭巅有金星亭，又名药王殿，供奉唐代孙思邈。西边有大殿三间，前廊式五脊歇山顶，供奉着观音、普贤、文殊菩萨，因称三大士殿。观世音是大慈大悲救苦救难的菩萨，浙江普陀山就是她显灵说法的道场，所以又称南海观音文殊是智慧的象征，手持宝剑，坐骑狮子，她的道场在山西五台山;普贤主持佛的理德，大德行善，道场在四川峨眉山。

再往北是鹰石涧，因为在涧的东侧有一块高耸的巨石，如鹰而名。溪谷之上建有石桥，俗称步天桥，桥北是十二连盘，直通中天门，共有666级。在盘路的西侧有集《兰亭贴》题刻：峻极永其天，云云迩已迁。临风俯万类，怀古一幽然。

[中天门]中天门又叫二天门，双柱式石坊，题额中天门。海拔847米。这里既是泰山主峰的天然屏障，又是中、西两溪的分水岭。坊北有虎阜石，如虎卧伏;东北是二虎庙，里面祭祀着镇虎大将军骑着黑虎神，这座庙的西侧恰巧占压着虎头。古时在黄岘岭的北边是个大山坳，古木参天，荫荫森森，猛兽出没，虎狼伤人，特别是在夜晚，人们走到这里心里发毛，只好聚集在一起打着锣鼓、举着火把通过，于是后人便在这里建庙镇虎。1983年国家投资在黄岘岭的西北侧创建了泰山索道中天门站。泰山客运电缆索道，下起中天门，上至南天门西侧的月观峰，全长2078米，落差602米。20__年对其又进行了改造，引进奥地利循环吊箱式索道。索道的上、下站房是依山而建的仿古建筑，富丽堂皇，与山色相映。

中天门与岱庙相距5.5公里，与南天门相距3.5公里，至大众桥为14.35公里，是游人上上下下的汇合处：或沿盘路继续攀登，或乘缆车空中一游，或步行沿中溪盘道直达泰城，或是乘旅游车沿西溪公路到火车站，都非常方便。西溪公路沿途还有抗金运动时四面绝壁的九女寨，有赤眉军起义遗址天胜寨，有惊险奇绝的扇子崖，有号称云龙三现的龙潭奇观以及神奇的龙洞甘霖----白龙池。走进西溪窈然而深，蔚然而秀，别有洞天。另外，在中天门后面还建有大型停车场和各种类型的商店、旅社及饭店，20__年又对其进行了整修。

[快活三里]由此向北至云步桥南叫做快活三里，又名快活天或快活山。人们久登盘道忽逢坦途，气爽景幽，舒畅欢快，大自然的神工造就了波浪起伏的节奏感。沿倒三盘下行是马蹄形的后弯，中途有名泉，崖壁上书刻着玉液泉三个字。此泉与山下的王母泉、广生泉并称为泰山三大名泉。泉水甘美无比，含氧量高，又有多种对人体有益的微量元素，常饮此水能延年益寿，所以古人称之为泰山神水，现在是全国优质矿泉水之一。

从后弯向北沿石阶而上就是增福庙，里面祭祀着福、禄、寿三尊神像。再往上有巨石挺立，似剑凌空，上刻斩云剑。此处是谷口，云雨变幻莫测，泰山主峰的寒云顺谷而下时与暖云相遇即化为雨，因此而名。这还有一个传说：当年山下一帮年轻人上山来砍柴，返回时走到这里闪电雷鸣乌云密步，有的人呆了，有的人在跑找地方躲雨，可有一位小伙子，却用手中的刀在空中挥舞着，也怪，不一会儿云就散了，可是这个小伙子却不见了，再仔细一看，原来他化成了这块石头了。前面路东又有巨石，纹理盘旋若龙，上书蛟龙石，又名龙纹石。

碑刻作为泰山不可缺少的人文景观，会让游客回味无穷，而石刻字谜更增加了泰山的情趣。在斗母宫附近我们曾看到虫二，在这里又看到了民国年间李和谦书写的形似小松鼠的字谜。李和谦原来在泰城当饭店小伙计，在店主的熏陶下也略通文墨，经常借助抹桌子的机会渐渐练了一手好字。一天，他与几个伙计登山，走到这里一看：青山绿水，景色绝佳。

7月10日下午，即到达太原的第一天，我们便来到迎泽公园。迎泽公园因位于古太原城门附近而取名。它居于市中心宽阔的迎泽大街中段，交通便利，视野开阔，是太原市内最大的公园。

迎泽公园，总面积66万平方米，迎泽湖水面占总面积的三分之一。

迎泽湖，分成南、北、中三个部分。中湖东侧，长廊蜿蜒，长达150米的廊式木构建筑雕梁画栋，具有鲜明的民族风格。中湖南面，假山堆砌。假山脚下，水榭伸至湖心。迎泽湖上，桥梁横跨，游船点缀，颇有生气。

迎泽公园，凉亭极多，取名也很别致。北湖东岸有绣绮亭，菜花池畔有荷花亭，西门附近还有景亭，果园附近有玫瑰亭，与长廊相对的有六角亭，牡丹园里有牡丹亭、小茅亭、四角亭……曲径奇趣，优美多姿，引人入胜。

公园内，古建藏经楼颇为典雅。这是一座金代建筑，从别处迁移至此，给迎泽公园添了古朴的风采。

Wuyishan in Fujian Province was listed in the World Biosphere ReserveNetwork in 1988. It was listed in the world heritage list in December 1999.Wuyishan Scenic Spot is located in Wuyishan City, northwest of Fujian Province,about 15 kilometers south of the urban area and at the southeast foot of thenorthern section of Wuyishan mountains, with an area of about 70 squarekilometers. There is a typical Danxia landform. With hundreds of millions ofyears of natures uncanny workmanship, it has formed a beautiful scenery withsteep peaks, beautiful waters, clear water and Danfeng. The ancients said thatit has three or three wins in water and six or six odd peaks, so it is known asQixiu a. There are 36 peaks, 72 caves, 99 rocks and 108 scenic spots in WuyishanScenic Area. Not only has the scenery throughout the year, the four seasons aredifferent, and the weather is cloudy and sunny, the scenery of the mountains andrivers is also unpredictable and magnificent. Now it is divided into sevenscenic spots: Wuyi palace, Jiuqu River, Taoyuan cave, yunwo Tianyou, yixiantianhuxiaoyan, tianxinyan and shuilian cave. It has the wonders of Huangshan, thebeauty of Guilin, the power of taidai, the danger of Huayue and the beauty ofWest Lake.

The essence of Wuyishan scenery is in the nine bend brook. Jiuqu Riveroriginates from Sanbao mountain. Its water is blue and clear. It turns aroundthe mountain, forming the victory of Jiuqu mountain. Some of the most famouspeaks in Wuyi Mountain and the mysterious hanging coffin on the cliff are listedbeside Jiuqu River. There are also Yulin Pavilion, porcelain kiln site of SongDynasty, Wuyi palace and other tourist attractions in the scenic area, which areof great humanistic value. Wuyishan also has many places of interest, such asChongyou Wannian palace, Hongqiao and Jiagou boat coffin, as well as rareanimals and plants in the world. It is a national key nature reserve. There isalso a Wuyishan Nature Museum. Wuyi Mountain is also a famous historical andcultural mountain. The ancients said: Confucius and Qiu in the Eastern ZhouDynasty, Zhu Xi in the Southern Song Dynasty, Taiyue in the north and Wuyi inthe south. Zhu Xi, a neo Confucianist of the Southern Song Dynasty, lived herefor more than 40 years. He set up an account to teach disciples and wrote booksand theories, making it the cultural center of Southeast China and known asDaonan Li cave. Taoism also calls it the 16th cave. There are no less than 20__hymns written by literati and scholars in the past dynasties. There are morethan 400 inscriptions on the cliffs. These rich cultural and historical relicsalso add to the style of the famous mountains. The ancient Yue peoples boatcoffins, the ancient city ruins of the Han Dynasty, the ancient porcelain kilnruins of the Song Dynasty and the imperial tea garden of the Yuan Dynasty makeWuyishan a place for people to visit and explore ancient times.

Wuyishan Nature Reserve is the largest and most complete forest ecosystemin Southeast China. It has many peaks, dense primeval forest, magnificent,simple and beautiful scenery, and rich biological resources. It is included inthe United Nations human and nature reserve.

望天树(学名:Parashorea chinensis Wang Hsie.)，别名擎天树，大乔木，高40-60米，胸径60-150厘米;树皮灰色或棕褐色，树干上部的为浅纵裂，草包下部呈块状剥落。幼枝被鳞片状的茸毛，具圆形皮孔。叶革质，椭圆形或椭圆状披针形。

望天树木材坚硬、耐用、耐腐性强，不易受虫蛀;材色褐黄色，无特殊气味，纹理直，结构均匀，加工容易，刨切面光滑，花纹美观，为制造各种家具的高级用材。

1975年，中国云南省林业考察队在西双版纳的森林中发现。该属共11名成员，大多分布在东南亚2B一带，望天树是只有在中国云南才生长的特产珍稀树种，只分布在西双版纳的补蚌和广纳里新寨至景飘一带的20平方公里范围内。

在距勐腊20公里补蛙原始湿润雨林内，生长着40-70多米高的望天树，架设在望天树上的"空中走廊"，全长2.5公里，它把公路两旁的原始森林连接起来，可在广阔的视野上尽情地领略热带雨林的风光。沿着密林中的溪流，钻入幽深沟谷，还可观赏热带植物群落，森林里还生存着野象、野牛、长臂猿等动物30多种;生长着竹柏、石梓、苏铁 、云南鸡毛松、西双版纳团花树等十多种珍贵树木，并有珍贵药用植物马前子、美橙木，花叶龙血树等30多种。

如果说望天树只是长得高，那当然不见得有那么珍贵，当然也无指望被列为国家一级保护植物了。它的名贵还在于它是龙脑香科植物，是热带雨林中的一个优势科。在东南亚，这个科的植物是热带雨林的代表树种之一，是热带雨林的重要标志之一。过去某些外国学者曾断言"中国十分缺乏龙脑香科植物"、"中国没有热带雨林"。然而，望天树的发现，不仅使得这些结论被彻底推翻，而且还证实了中国存在真正意义上的热带雨林。

1986年10月，世界野生生物基金会会长、英国爱丁堡公爵、菲得普亲王参观了西双版纳热带植物园，并亲手种植了一株望天树。如今，这株望天树已枝繁叶茂，亭亭如盖矣。

天津景点英文导游词

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Here are (第一范文网) bring tianjin attractions English commentaries, welcome to enjoy!

一:天津独乐寺英文导游词

Temple of Solitary Joy is located at inside west city gate of Ji County, Tianjin City. It is known for its refined architecture skill in Channels ancient buildings and has got the reputation of Six Best. These are: The earliest Dingshan Gate (Gate of Withstanding Hill) of the ground hall preserved now; The earliest Chiwei object on the Hill Gate preserved now; The earliest plane distribution which took pavilion as the center on the architecture plane; The biggest clay sculptured statue of Avalokiteavara inside a pavilion in China; The Avalokiteavara is also the most ancient high storeyed one; The more precious fact is that the Temple of Solitary Joy has stood unscathed after thousand years of rain, snow, wind and frost and 28 big attacks, hence the most durable ancient Monastery of thousand years.

天津独乐寺

Entering the Temple , the first comes to sight is 10 m high gate, on the arch of which there hangs a horizontal inscribed board: Temple of Solitary Joy. The single eaves ground hall roof was the roof building form during the western Tsin (AD265-316) and Southern and Northern Dyansty (420-589) period, which was called Siadading in ancient time and now it is called big roof. On the two ends of the plane ridge, there are inward Chiweis. Chi denoted sparrow hawk in ancient time, which is a kind of fierce bird. The stand base of the gate is comparatively low, but the hall pinnacle is much higher above eaves and the pottery animal figures look sturdy; solemn and sturdy. There is no ceiling inside the pinnacle, therefor the painted beam and purlieus are visible. The whole piece is exquisitely wrought, simple arranged and skillfully done, for which people gasp in administration.

Crossing the gate, one comes to the core building - Avalokitesvara Pavilion, 23 m in height. Form outside appearance, it is two storeyed, but inside there is a hidden storey, thus three storeyed in fact. On the eaves corners, pottery unicorns are sculptured, on which little Buddha statues ride. Copper bells are hung under eaves corners, swaying with the wind, a specially refined scene. The most attractive thing is the structure of Dougong (sets of brackets on top of the columns supporting the beams within and roof eaves without——each set consisting of tiers of outstretching arms called Gong, cushioned with trapezoidal blocks called Dou). It is made of overlapping Dougong shaped wood blocks and bow shaped horizontal wood bars by adopting 24 forms with each layer stretching out as bracket, big in upper part and small in lower part, thinly scattered, steady and sturdy. It makes eaves of the pavilion look like flying, far and deep in the sky, a beautiful and magnificent view.

Entering the Avalokitesvara Pavilion, the very sight is a huge standing Avalokitesvara Statue. If one stands by it, his height is only up to her ankle. The Statue, 16.27 m in height, is the biggest clay sculpture of Avalokitesvara in China. Two statues of attendant Bodhisattvas under the knee of Avalokitesvara are also 3 m in height. On the crown of the head of Avalokitesvara, there are 10 small Avalokitesvares heads, hence it is called 11 faces Avalokitesvara. Reviewing around the inner part of the pavilion, one can discover that pillars of high and low storeys are not directly linked through, but the pillars of the upper storey are inserted into the arch head of that of lower storey. The upper storey of the pavilion is in a form of six corners empty well, while the lower storey is in a form of square empty well. This kind of structure is not only beautiful and strong, but also adds the space of the upper part of Budha statues. On the four walls inside the pavilion, colorful murals are painted, the theme of which is the images of 16 Arhats and 2 Ming Dynasty Emperors, which are the earliest subjects of Buddhism. On he murals, 2 m high Arhats with 3 heads and 4 arms are extremely lifelike and Ming Emperors on the four walls are full of power and grandeur. On the upper part of the murals, there are mountains, forest, cloud and river, while on the lower part, there are paintings of secular themes with vivid and natural lines, which embody the superb the skill and arts of painting of ancient Buddhism in China.

二:天津英文导游词

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Historical relics, natural scenery, temples, churches, assembly halls and commemorative sites of the Chinese revolution will illuminate Tianjins past, present and future. Tianjin is honored as Building Museum as it was occupied by nine imperial powers before the founding of the new China, leaving behind many buildings with extraordinary and exotic architectural styles, a real feast for the eye! In the following text let me give you a brief introduction to the Jinmen Shijing (top ten scenic attractions in Tianjin).

Huangyaguan Great Wall :

Located in the mountainous area of Tianjins northern Ji County, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was first built during the Northern Qi Dynasty (550 - 557) and repaired in large scale with bricks during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). When appointed as the chief commanding officer in the Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons of the Ming Dynasty), Qi Jiguang added watch towers and other defensive works.

The Huangyaguan Great Wall comes out first in the ten most-visited sites in Tianjin. It is considered to be a miniature of the Great Wall. The entire section is built on an abrupt mountain ridge. Being endowed with both natural beauty and cultural interest, it has become famous as a natural beauty spot and a summer resort. The major scenic area is composed of Huangyaguan Pass and Taiping Mountain Stronghold.

Huangyaguan Pass: In 1984, the people of Tianjin spent three years repairing 3,308 yards of the main wall from Banlagang Mountain in the east to Wangmaoding Mountain in the west. They restored 20 terraces, the Huangyaguan Water Gate, and the Bagua Castle (the Eight Diagrams Castle). The defensive system of the wall is complete. Watch towers, frontier cities, drain holes, emplacements, barracks and other indispensable military facilities are arranged orderly along the wall. Besides, the stele forests of the Great Wall, Beiji Temple, the exhibition hall of famous couplets, the Great Wall Museum (the first museum along the Great Wall) and the Phoenix Fortress have been newly built within the area.

Taipingzhai Great Wall :

Six miles southeast of Huangyaguan Pass is the Taipingzhai Great Wall, another important mountain stronghold of the wall during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). It is also called Taipinganzhai, meaning "a village of peace and prosperity". Starting from Banlagang Mountain in the east and arriving at Guafu Tower (Widow Tower) in the west, it winds through the precipitous mountains for about 955 yards.

The wall is an important component of Huangyaguan Great Wall. There are six watch towers, one battlement, and one shortcut leading to the wall. The architectural styles of the military towers vary considerably. There are square, round, solid and hollow towers, with some inside and others outside the wall. Beside the shortcut, there is a small citadel where an 8.5-meter statue of Qi Jiguang, the chief commanding officer of Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons in the Ming Dynasty) is located. The local people built this statue in order to commemorate his great contribution to frontier peace and stability in that period. To the west of the citadel, a section of the wall extends 33 yards out to where a sentry post was situated.

At the western end of the wall is a square stone tower called Guafu Tower, "Widow Tower" in English, built by twelve wives whose husbands died during the construction of the wall in the Ming Dynasty. The widows erected this tower to commemorate their husbands notable exploits. The tower has two levels and measures 13-meters (14-yards) high. Arched arrow windows are on the four sides of the tower.

Besides these cultural points of interest, Taipingzhai Great Wall is also famous for its amazingly impressive scenery. Zigzagging along the mountain ridge for over 984 yards, the wall looks very much like a giant dragon flying through clouds.

Mt. Panshan Scenic Area :

Covering an area of 106 square kilometers (about 26193 acres), Mt. Panshan Scenic Area is located in Jixian County, 110 kilometers (68.4 miles) away from Tianjin, 88 kilometers (54.7 miles) away from Beijing. As the name suggests, the scenic area is mainly Mt Panshan–oriented. Endowed with natural beauty and a historical heritage, Mt Panshan is known as The First Mountain East of Beijing and is listed as one of the top fifteen mountains in China.

The mountain acquired its present name, early in the Eastern Han (25-220). Taizong , the second emperor of the Tang Dynasty (618-907), was prodigal of his praise of its scenery on his chance visit when he led the army in a campaign. Seventy-two temples, thirteen pagodas and numerous Xanadus and towers were built on the mountain in the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644) and the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911). Qianlong, a brilliant and wise Qing Dynasty emperor was so impressed that he made thirty or so visits and wrote 1366 poems to express his admiration of the area. In the first half of the twentieth century, the whole resort all fell to ruin due to hostilities and neglect. It has undergone a process of restoration since the 1990s and is now regaining its fame.

It is famous for jade pine trees, strange and astonishing peaks, clear waters, grotesquely shaped rocks and clusters of ancient temples. On the mountaintop, numerous pines hide the sky from view and block out the sunshine. Rugged rocks in a variety of shapes, some of which resemble a toad, a general or a boa, will greet you in the middle of the mountain. At its foot, clear water splashes on the rocks. The mountain consists of five peaks, with the main one, Guayue (Moon Hanging) Peak. Although Guayue Peak is only 857 meters (2811.7 feet) above sea level, to the north it is possible to see a section of the Great Wall while to the west Mt Taihang can be seen.

From the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms Period (220-280) onwards, emperors enthusiastically commissioned the building of temples, towers and Xanadus resulting in over 160 such sites. There are four main temples: Tiancheng Temple (God Proposing Temple), Yunzhao Temple (Cloud-Hiding Temple), Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) and Wansong Temple (Ten Thousand-Pine Temple). Tiancheng Temple built in the Tang Dynasty, was enlarged and repaired in the Ming and the Qing dynasties. To the east of this temple stands the Ancient Dagoba. As the biggest tower in this mountain, it has thirteen floors. The roof of the Yunzhao Temple was a golden yellow, a color that normally was only allowed to be used on imperial buildings. By granting permission for this, Emperor Qianlong demonstrated his approval and admiration of the mountain. Wanfo Temple (Ten Thousand-Buddha Temple) has 10,960 small Buddhas statues.

Yangjiang City is located in the southwest coast of Guangdong Province. Itgoverns Yangchun City, Yangdong County, Yangxi County, Jiangcheng district andhailing Economic Development Experimental Zone. The coastline (Island) is 390.8km long, with a total area of 7813.4 square kilometers and a population of 2.4million. It enjoys preferential policies granted by the state, such as coastalopen areas, pilot economic development zones, industrial satellite towns,mountainous areas and small amount of trade with Chinese Taiwan. It is one of thecoastal open cities in Guangdong Province.

Yangjiang City is rich in marine industrial resources. There are six famousfishing ports in China, such as Zhapo, Dongping, Shaba, Xitou, Hebei and theother side. The fishing ground is vast and the beach is gentle. It is suitablefor deep-sea fishing and mariculture, and rich in high-quality and valuablefresh aquatic products. Yangjiangs mineral resources mainly include iron ore,copper ore, pyrite, quartz sand, tin ore, gold ore, rare earth ore, etc. Thereare abundant forest and hydropower resources for comprehensive utilization. Theindustry has formed ten pillar industries, including automobile, rare earth,electromechanical, building materials, metallurgy, food, hardware, textile,clothing and forest industry. Yangjiang knife, Yangjiang Douchi, Yangjianglacquerware and leather plastic, clothing, packaging, stainless steel utensilsand other famous, excellent and special products are also very popular.

Yangjiangs scenery also has its own characteristics, such as the beautifuland peculiar Moyang mountain and sea scenery, lingxiaoyan, kongtongyan,longguanyan and sandongtian, which are known as the first scenic spot in SouthChina, shachao of Mawei Island natural beach, which is also known as EastHawaii, and Hebei tourist resort, etc. Since the reform and opening up, theinvestment environment of Yangjiang has been gradually improved. Yangjiang portand Xingneng diesel power plant have been built. The second phase expansionproject of Mojiang water plant with daily water supply of 200000 tons has beencompleted. The Yangchun section of Sanmao railway has been put into operation.The reconstruction of national highway 325 has been completed. The station porthighway, access to Island Highway, access to port highway, Jianshan bridge andshouchang bridge have been completed and opened to traffic, connecting withSanmao railway The railway from Yangchun railway station to Yangjiang port isunder construction. The third nuclear calling station in Guangdong has beenlocated in Yangjiang and has entered the stage of feasibility study.

The citys urban and rural telephone exchange capacity has reached 223000,and mobile phones and wireless paging have been fully opened. Yangjiang port, aclass I port approved by the State Council to open to foreign nationality shipsin February 1993, was officially opened to the outside world in July 1996. Theinfrastructure was further improved, creating a broader and solid social andeconomic foundation for investors to come to our city for extensive economic andtechnological cooperation. In order to make our citys industrial andagricultural productivity leap to a new level through the use of foreign capitaland the introduction of technology and equipment, the municipal government hasformulated a series of preferential measures to further simplify procedures andprocedures and improve service quality and efficiency. At the same time, themunicipal government has set up a special administrative service center toprovide "one-stop" services for domestic and foreign investors. Over the pastfew years, with the improvement of the investment environment, the utilizationof foreign capital in Yangjiang City has doubled, foreign economic andtechnological trade, cooperation and exchange have made gratifying achievements,and a new economic situation of all-round opening has initially formed.

大家一路辛苦了,欢迎大家来灵山佛地九华山观光礼佛!我是来自安徽旅行社的导游,我叫王萍,三横一竖王,大家可以叫我小王或王导.坐在我们旁边的这位呢,是我们的司机王师傅,王师傅可是一位有着多年驾驶经验的老司机了,所以大家坐他的车可以尽管放心!在今天的游程中呢,如果大家有什么问题,都可以向我们提出来,我们将尽可能为大家解决。

九华山是中国佛教四大名山之一，它以佛教文化和绮丽的自然景观为特色，是首批国家级重点名胜区之

一。国家AAAAA级旅游区，全国文明旅游示范点。它与清凉佛国五台山、光明佛国峨眉山、海天佛国普陀山

并称为中国四大佛教名山。

九华山位于长江下游南岸，安徽省的西南部，北临长江、南望黄山、东靠太平湖、西接池洲市，景区总面积120平方公里，山上最高峰十王峰，海拔1342米。九华山峰气势雄伟，宋王安石赞誉“楚越千万山，雄越此山兼”，九华山古名陵阳山，唐朝以前以“此山奇秀，高出云表，峰蛮异状，其数有九”故名“九子山”。唐天宝年间(736-756年)，诗人李白曾三上九华，先后在《改九子山为九华山联句》和《望九华赠青阳韦仲堪》两诗中，写出了“妙有分二气，灵山开九华”、“昔在九江上，遥望九华峰。天河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉。”等名句，在诗中他把九子山的九大主峰，比作盛开的莲华。因古汉语中“花”通“华”。于是在天宝十三年(752年)，九子山更名为九华山，山名一直沿用至今。

九华山灵秀的自然景观瑰丽，境内奇峰峭石、飞瀑流泉、竹海松涛，清幽秀丽，漂渺奇异，春日，满山芬芳、百鸟合鸣;夏日，佳木繁荫，谷风清凉;秋日，风霜高洁，别有情趣;冬日，琼楼玉宇，超然空灵，给人以“四时之景，而了亦无穷”的感觉。

九华山不仅以奇峰峭石、飞瀑流泉清幽秀丽的自然美景而闻名。更是以“地藏菩萨道场”而著称于世，然而最早在九华山进行的宗教活动并不是佛教，而是中国土生土长的道教。早在西汉元时五年(前11-前120__年)九华山就有道场建立，并列入道教“七十二福地”里的“三十九福地”。东晋隆安五年(401)天竺国(今印度)僧人杯渡锡九华初建茅庐，到了唐开元年间(720__年)新罗国[今韩国]僧人金乔觉，于24岁渡海来唐，他云游了许多名山大川，到过南京的宝华山、贵池齐山等，最后他来到九华山，见九华山秀丽、清幽便决定留在山中求法修道。金乔觉在九华山苦修了75年，于唐贞元十年[794年]农历7月30圆寂，寿止99岁，佛弟子依照浮屠之法将金乔觉盖缸三年，三年后开缸发现他遗体绵软，脸面如生，骨节转动有如金锁般响声。各种迹象与佛经上所说的地藏菩萨极为吻合，众僧认为金乔觉就是地藏菩萨的转世，因金乔觉俗家姓金，佛教徒们便尊他为“金地藏”，其肉身在九华山神光岭上的肉身宝殿里供奉，后经历代君工的推崇香火逐渐兴旺起来，到了明、清两代更是鼎盛，当时全山有寺院达300多座，僧尼达5000余人，香火之盛甲天下，素有“东南第一山”“莲华佛国”等美誉。在__期间由于政局动乱，在极左思想总冲击下，有的寺院被拆毁，有的年久失修倒塌，有的被占用，在“破四旧，立四新”的浪潮中，不少僧尼被迫还俗和外流，自1984年后，中央落实宗教政策之后，祗园寺恢复了丛林，提倡信仰自由，僧人当家作主，调动僧尼“自己管自己”的积极性，推动弘法利生事业。目前九华山现存寺院99座，其中96座寺院为全国重点寺院，分别是：化城寺、祗园寺、甘露寺、百岁宫、肉身殿、上禅堂、旗檀林、天台寺、慧居寺，僧尼达到千余人。

九华山寺院建筑风格独特，九华山属花岗岩山地地貌，地形的复杂，建筑用地狭窄，因受地理气候环境因素的制约，山上寺院的建筑改变了传统的形式，因地制宜，布局灵活，以悬崖峭壁，巨岩山洞或自然起伏的台地山坡为基础，巧妙地运用不同规则的地形，精心构筑富于空间变化，层次分明，外观峻险古朴，内部则曲折迷离，多数寺院与民居相连，游人很难分辨，体现了僧俗共修，古人曾赞道“九华一千寺，撒在云雾中”。

九华山以他独有的佛教文化著称于世，除其供奉的地藏菩萨确有其人外，不腐肉身更使九华山名声大振，从唐至今，先后共出现了十五尊真身，不幸__时被毁九尊，现今保存6尊无瑕、大兴、慈明、仁义、明净等真身，有僧有尼，数量之多实为罕见，九华山地处长江南岸，气候温和土地湿润，为什么这此僧人圆寂后遗体不腐呢?目前尚无科学诊断有待于后人揭开神秘的面纱。

九华山物华天宝，特产丰富，有香菇、木耳、石鸡、九华毛峰、黄精，其中九华毛峰又名“地藏茶”，属高山云雾茶，细如雀后，形如佛手，汤色黄绿清亮，香气持久，相传由金乔觉当年从家乡新罗(今韩国)携来茶种，种在神光岭上，长年云雾滋润，茶叶殊佳，是九华山最古老的佛茶，1920__年曾获巴拿马万国博览会金奖，如今九华山茶厂采制的各种名优绿茶，因其价廉物美而供不应求。“黄精”是一种中草药，吸取黄土之精华，一年长一节，十年一尺，实为罕见，据《本草纲目》记载，黄精又名鸡头参，太阳草，主要有补血补肾、治高血压及排毒养颜，据考证九华山的真身菩萨生前常以采黄精充饥，苦心修行，唐代杜甫诗曰：“扫除白发黄精在，君看他年冰雪融。”可谓是“北有长北山人参，南有九华黄精”，是赠送亲友之佳品。

各位!快到九华街之前，我把一些注意事项对大家说一下，由于九华山地处皖南山区，各方面条件有限，宾馆的硬件设施还未达到标准(如冬天冻水，夏天停水，旺季房间紧张等)，但是酒店的服务卫生请大家放心，多数酒店都依山势而建，山上长年云雾笼罩，一年之中有一百八十天是雨水天气，房间内相对来说潮气比较大，请各位多多谅解了。请在旅途中牢记，1、走路不观景、观景不走路，安全第一;2、进入猴群区

不要逗玩猴子，以免被猴子袭击。进寺院时请注意：1、寺院的门槛不能踩，也不能坐在上面;2、法器和佛像不能随意摸，殿内禁止摄影拍照和大声喧哗;在敬香时，随时留意香火，注意防火;如果您在我们安排的行程外自由活动的话，请您记好下榻酒店的名称和方位，贵重物品保管好。

好啦!现在我们已到了下榻的酒店了，请各位拿好自己的行李物品进房，半小时后在大厅集合，午餐后正式开始我们的九华之旅，最后预祝各位九华之行圆满开心!!!

各位团友：

这是日光岩寺新修的山门，让我们先看前方巨石上的三幅石刻，这好像一个人写的，其实是三人所书。鼓浪洞天是明万历年间(1573年)泉州同知丁一中写，已经400多年了，是日光岩上最早的题刻;鹭江第一是清代道进士林缄所写，也有100多年了;天风海涛是民国4年(1915年)福建巡按使许世英写的。在如此高大的石头上凌空崖刻，气魄很大。

各位团友，日光岩寺原名莲花庵，是厦门四大名庵之一，实际是一石洞，以石为顶，故又叫一片瓦，始建于明代正德年间，万历十四年(1586年)重建。因为每天凌晨，朝阳从厦门五老峰后升起，莲花庵最先沐浴在阳光里，因此得名日光寺。又传说当年顾成功来到晃岩(日光岩的别称)，看到这里景色远胜过日本的日光山，便把晃字拆开，称为日光岩。日光寺屡毁屡建，清同治年间，建圆明展，祀弥勒。1917年建大雄宝殿。解放后，圆明殿改成念佛堂。改革开放后，落实宗教政策，日光寺得到政府的扶持，接受海内外十方善信的捐赠，大兴土木，翻修了大雄宝殿，新建了山门、钟鼓楼、旅游平台、法堂、僧舍、小卖部和膳堂，寺庙焕然一新。日光寺是一座精巧玲珑袖珍式的寺庙，大雄殿、弥陀殿对合而设，是全国唯一的。由于环境优越，历代高僧不断，著名的弘一法师1936年曾在这里闭方便关8个月。

日光山又称龙头山，与厦门的虎头山隔海相望，一龙一虎把守厦门港，叫龙虎守江。这里原有一亭名旭亭，早已毁圯。中国台湾文人石国球写了一篇《旭亭记》，描写日光岩山罗海绕，极目东南第一津，水光接天，洪波浴日，皆为梵刹呈奇，磴道巨石夹峙，森严壁立，有九夏生寒之意，凉意自然来自鹭江龙窟了。

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

雪雕也叫雪像，它是以雪为材料调出千姿百态，异彩纷呈的各种不同形状的艺术形象以供人们观赏和娱乐，他有两种表现形式，即雕和塑，雪雕则是选用雪和水进行塑造，在零度一下将雪和水搅合后，通过冻结粘合，可以塑造各种形态，创造出不同的艺术形象我国的雪雕艺术活动是六十年代初期发展起来的，1988年1月在太阳岛公园组织了首届群众雪雕比赛，以后每年举办一届吸引日益众多的中外游客。

夏天的时候这里湖光山色，特别美，其中中日友谊园，是园中园，全明哈尔滨.新氵舄友谊园，是哈尔滨和日本的新氵舄市建立友好城市十周年之际，在太阳岛公园内部投资修建的日式庭园风格的友谊园。在1989年9月正式对外开放的，每年接待中外宾客达十五万左右。

东北虎林园——坐落于松北开发新区内，与太阳岛相邻，林园占地面积96.6万平方米，现已开放养虎园面积约36万平方米，园内放养30余只成年猛虎，作为世界上最大地东北虎群放养地，自96年1月份对外开放以来，已经接待40万中外游客。到了虎园我们会换乘林园内专用地封闭车进行游览，大家一定要注意安全，不要开车窗，大家可以买食物喂给老虎，老虎每天上午10点喂食，冬天时不容易被发现，因为老虎地皮和草的枯黄色比较接近。到了远去大家先去博物馆参观，导游去购买票，然后排队坐车参观。

我们从分界洲岛的名字可以知道，这个岛属于分界线，那么，具体是什么的分界线呢?让我来一一为大家讲解。 分界洲岛的“三分天下” 气候之分：分界洲岛位于海南省陵水与万宁交界的海中，是牛岭向南海延伸塌陷地段。据说，整个牛岭是五指山山脉的延续，这是由于亿万年前，大陆板块的挤压所形成的。分界洲岛是牛岭的下部分，后来冰川期，海水的浸入，淹没了较低的部分，切断了分界洲岛与牛岭的联系，从而形成了现在的样子。虽说整个海南岛都处于热带，但是由于北面以平原地地型为多，南面以山地为多，这样来自南边的暖气流受到东西走向山脉的阴隔，导致山体迎坡(南面)和背面坡(北面)的气候出现差异，以致这座小小的山岭对海南岛东南的气候也产生了影响。也正因为这样，站在分界洲岛上，经常就可以看到牛岭“牛头下雨，牛尾睛”的奇观。 行政区域之分，这里是万宁市与陵水县行政区域的分界岭，岭北为万宁市，岭南是陵水黎苗族自治县，两个县市的分界碑就在这山岭上。 人文分界，分界岭连接着中部的五指山山脉和西部的鹦哥岭，构成了一条东西纵横山脉分隔了海南岛南北，自然的分界也成为古代海南人文分界，也就是汉族、黎族聚集程度的分界，岭南主要聚居黎族，岭北主要以汉族为主。所以不要小看了这个小小山岭以及这小小岛屿，竟可以如此“三分天下”呢。 分界洲岛的传说 分界洲岛由寿龟湾、福龟湾两个海滩组成。现在的龟寿湾是游人们喜爱的海滨浴场，各位走在这绵软的沙滩上是否感觉象是踩在了鸟的羽毛上一般呢?没错这就是着名的“平沙落雁”，相传就是飞经此地的海鸟们为帮助前来此地产卵的海龟而用羽毛混以细沙铺成的，这样海龟宝宝们就能顺利出生在既温暖又柔软的沙滩上了。那么，海鸟们为什么要帮助海龟呢?而海龟们又为什么要在这里产卵了，周围都是坚硬的岩石，并不适合生育下一代呀?而且从上岛以来我们就见到了好多形态各异的海龟雕塑，尤其还有一只小海龟破壳而出的石雕非常生动可爱，难道这小岛与海龟之间有着什么样不解的渊源吗?这与我下面为大家讲的一个故事有关。 传说在很久很久以前，这里久旱无雨，河水都干涸了，稻田也都旱死了，唯一可以引用的水井又被当地的恶霸占据，并用以高价售水敲诈勒索，生灵涂炭，百姓民不聊生。南海龙宫中一只负责巡海的老仙龟知道了这件事后，心中很不安宁，便瞒着南海龙王，带上自己的龟子龟孙，来到这里，假传龙王的口谕，扣开天门，降下雨水，并帮助当地黎民百姓挖井掘泉，开沟筑渠，灌溉禾田，供给饮水，使老百姓终于度过了难关，开始新的生活。 但是，恶霸岂能善罢甘休，他们毁坏沟渠，结果沟渠变得凶猛把前来破坏的狗腿子一个个淹死;他们想霸占新挖的水井，结果他们一靠近水井就冒着黑烟发着恶臭，恶霸们只好败兴而去。当老百姓来但井边时，井水就依然清甜沁心，从此百姓们过上了幸福的生活，百姓们都非常感谢这口充满灵性的井水。久而久之，人们就把这个地方叫成了“灵水”。后来才改名为现在的名字“陵水”。 而那只善良正义的老仙龟，为了当地百姓的长治久安，风调雨顺，便决定留在这里，驻足在山坡上，日夜守护着这里，直到年老寿终，便化成了一块巨大的龟形巨石。还有更神奇的呢?据说当年老仙龟的子孙们为了不引起龙王的注意，它们决定在这里产卵孵化，所以就有我们先前看到的“平沙落雁”。这件善事最终被玉帝知道了，玉帝深受感动，于是下令，凡是在这里出生成长的海龟，寿命一律延长500岁，由原先的100岁，变成了600岁。同时这里的海赐名为“福海”，岛上的山岭为“寿山”。 至此以后，南海里的许多的动物都纷纷游到这里来产卵繁殖，希望沾点瑞气，借点吉祥;听当地人每年的八月十五中秋节前后，果然会有大量的海龟来到这里产卵，这里沙滩柔软，温度适宜，产卵的成活率很高，而东海、北海的海龟听说了消息后也不远千里万里来这里产卵，希望自己的子孙们也能得以长寿，真像现代人想尽千方百计地去国外生孩子，希望自己的孩子一生下来就成“小洋人”。

在今天的贵州安顺，聚居着一支与众不同的汉族群体―――屯堡人，他们的语音、服饰、民居建筑及娱乐方式与周围村寨截然迥异，这一独特的汉族文化现象被人们称之为“屯堡文化”。 这里的居民由于都是古时屯堡军户的后裔所以人们把他们称为“屯堡人”。 600多年前，明洪武帝朱元璋为加强连疆地区的统治。在江浙招幕士兵，让他们携妻带子进入贵州，居住在设置的卫所里，占时出征，闲时屯垦。当时卫所广布全省各地，军户达数万人之多。

沧海桑田，而今这些卫所的遗迹大多散落到了历史的时空中了，但在“黔之腹，滇之喉”的安顺，至今还保存着一此卫所旧址及当时人们生活的遗风，云山屯就是其代表。 屯堡人的服饰，主要表现在妇女身上，她们的装束通常是宽衣大袖，大衣袍长及膝下。领口、袖口、前襟边缘皆镶有流绣花纹，腰间以两端垂于膝弯部的织锦丝带系扎。长发挽成圆髻网罩挽于脑后，圆髻上插有玉簪、银链等首饰。

妇女婚否的区别在于：未婚少女梳长独辫;已婚者则除了挽髻外，尚须剃额修眉。妇女装束中往往还配有耳坠、手镯、戒指、手笼、长圆裙以及用绣、补、镂、镶、滚等方法制作的高帮单勾凤头布鞋。 如果游客来得适时，可以领略到许多独具特色而又韵味无穷的节日文化;正月初九的玉皇会，正月十六迎汪公，六月初六土地会，六月二十四敬雷神……这些节日中，以迎汪公最具屯堡特色。

长白山自然保护区建于1960年，它以长白山天池为中心，是我国建立最早、地位最重要的自然保护区之一。长白山是一座巨型复式火山，由于其独特的地理位置和地质构造，形成了神奇壮观的火山地貌，典型完整的动植物资源，富有北国情趣的冰雪风光。

长白山是欧亚大陆北半部最具有代表性的典型自然综合体，是世界少有的“物种基因库”和“天然博物馆”。据统计，这里生存着1800多种高等植物，栖息着50多种兽类，280多种鸟类，50种鱼类以及1000多种昆虫。长白山的密林深处盛产人参、北五味子等药材，野生动物有濒临绝灭的东北虎及马鹿、紫貂、水獭、黑熊等。鸟类中鸳鸯、黑鹳、绿头鸭等候鸟占70%。长白山也是松花江、图门江、鸭绿江三江的发源地。经联合国教科文组织批准，1980年长白山保护区加入国际生物圈保护区网，被列为世界自然保留地，在世界自然保护区中的地们日益突出，对外联系和交流日益扩大，成为了具有世界意义的自然保护区，越来越被世界人民和有关组织所关注。1976年以来，先后有韩、日英、美、德等20多个国家的100多位专家和有关国际组织的—前来考察。此外，每年还有许多外国旅游客来此旅游观光。这些专家和游客，不仅了解了长白山，也了解了中国。它不仅是中国人民的宝贵财富，也是世界人民的宝贵财富!长白山自然保护区已成为中国改革开放的窗口。完善保护区的建设，必将在世界上产生更加深远的影响。

长白山自然保护区生态效益显著，社会效益巨大，经济效益可观。据有专家研究得出，保护区生物多样性的总价值为72。91亿元。其中，直接实物产品总价值0。84亿元，直接服务经济价值4。77亿元，生态系统功能间接经济价值17。65亿元，非使用类价值49。65亿元。因此，把长白山自然保护区建设成为世界一流的保护区，是一项功在当代，利在千秋的宏伟事业。

La salle dexposition de lancienne résidence de Zhang Xueliang est situéeau 48 shaoshaifu Lane, Chaoyang Street, Shenhe District, Shenyang City.

La salle dexposition de lancienne résidence de Zhang Xueliang estégalement connue sous le nom de "Manoir du grand commandant" ou "Manoir du jeunecommandant".Zhang Zuolin, chef des seigneurs de guerre de la République deChine, et son fils a?né, le général Zhang Xueliang, sont des voisins officielset des maisons privées.

Le complexe du pavillon dexposition de lancienne résidence de ZhangXueliang a été construit de 1914 à 1933, formant un complexe de b?timents destyle différent composé de quatre parties: la Cour centrale, la Cour est, laCour Ouest et la cour exté salle dexposition de lancienne résidencede Zhang Xueliang couvre une superficie totale de 36 000 mètres carrés et unesuperficie totale de 29 000 mètres carrés.En mars 1985, le Gouvernementpopulaire municipal de Shenyang a désigné la salle dexposition de lanciennerésidence de Zhang Xueliang comme site municipal de protection des reliquesculturelles.

En décembre 1988, le Gouvernement populaire de la province de Liaoning aannoncé quil était un site provincial de protection des reliques culturelles.Enjuillet 1991, le Ministère de la construction de la République populaire deChine et ladministration nationale des reliques culturelles ont publiéconjointement un document faisant de lancien complexe de la salle dexpositionde Zhang Xueliang lun des meilleurs b?timents du pays.En 1996, il a été inscritsur la liste des principaux sites culturels protégés par l?tat.

La Cour centrale a été fondée en 1914 et achevée en Cour centraleest larchitecture traditionnelle chinoise - la Cour quadrangle à trois entrées,située au nord et au Sud, avec le caractère chinois "eye", les briques bleues entuiles, les avant - toits et les bêtes sembrassant et sélevant sur les crêtes,les poutres sculptées et les b?timents peints, et les colonnes de porche peintesen Fondation de la colonne de tambour de pierre, les marches enpierre et le plancher en brique carrée et en pierre carrée sont des b?timents enbrique et en bois de style palais.Lensemble de lh?pital couvre une superficiede 3 900 mètres carrés, 13 maisons au total, 57 chambres, avec une surface deconstruction de 1 460 mètres carrés.

Devant lentrée principale de la Cour centrale, il y avait des marchespavées de pierres bleues, et des pierres de cheval se tenaient de haut en basdes deux c?tés des marches.Sur les deux c?tés de la porte principale, il y avaitdes sculptures en pierre tenant des tambours et des pierres, et le lion couchétenait le Petit Lion.Il y a sept chambres à lentrée principale, avec desouvertures au milieu, des porches rétractables dans trois Chambres, des pilierssculptés en bois et des oiseaux peints et des fleurs sculptées dans le ciel.Il ya deux dieux de porte peints sur la Feuille de la porte de peinture Zhu, QinQiong et Jingde. Il y a une plaque horizontale accrochée à lintérieur de laporte. Il y a quatre grands caractères sur "gouverner le pays et protéger lesgens".

Par la porte, nous entrons dans la Cour.Il y a trois Chambres de chaquec?té de louverture de la porte dentrée de la Cour, la salle de garde et lasalle de réception à lEst, et la salle électrique et la salle téléphonique àlOuest.Il y a trois chambres est et Ouest, et la chambre est est la Chambre decompte intérieure du Manoir du Gouverneur, qui est responsable des dépensesfinancières du Manoir du Gouverneur.Xixiang Room est un lieu de présentation etdinitiation. Il est spécialement con?u pour recevoir les rapports et introduireles officiels de la culture et des arts martiaux qui viennent à la résidence duGouverneur pour être justes ou visiter.

Entre la Cour et la Cour, il y a un mur de 7 mètres de haut avec une porteouverte au milieu. La porte est sculptée à lintérieur dun plafond de fleursdécoratives, connu sous le nom de porte de pendaison de fleurs.Les deux piliersde porte ont des piliers de protection tenant des pierres de tambour et descoussins de tambour en pierre.? lintérieur de la porte, il y a un double murdécran en bois, qui peut être ouvert en face, et les deux c?tés peuvent être lelong du couloir autour des piétons.Cest ici que Zhang Zuolin a accueilli lesinvités distingués pour la cérémonie.En cas darrivée dinvités importants,lécran en bois souvre et Zhang Zuolin souvre. Les invités peuvent entrerdirectement dans la deuxième Cour par la porte lourde ouverte.Le personnel duManoir du Gouverneur et les invités ordinaires ont fait le tour du couloir desdeux c?tés de lécran en bois.Aujourdhui, tous les invités sont des invitésdistingués, donc la porte de linstrument sest ouverte et vous êtes invités àentrer dans la deuxième maison.

La deuxième Cour dentrée est rectangulaire et entourée dun clo?tre deplate - forme.Cest lendroit où Zhang Zuolin travaille et rencontre desinvités.Il y a 7 chambres dans lentrée principale et une au milieu est le halldentrée.Devant la porte, il y a une porte sculptée, juste au - dessus de laporte suspendue à une plaque, le livre "Wangcheng Great Wall",Cétait un cadeaude lécuyer de lépoque à Zhang Zuolin, louant le prestige de Zhang Zuolin commela Grande Muraille.Les trois portes est de la Chambre principale sont la chambreet le Bureau de Zhang Zuolin.Les trois Chambres Ouest sont des salles deréception et des bureaux.

Il y a cinq chambres est et Ouest, une salle au milieu de la chambre est,une salle du Secrétaire général dans la Chambre Sud et une salle du courrierdans la Chambre Chambre Ouest est une salle de secrétariat générale.

Les trois chambres à lest de la Chambre principale, où vivait ettravaillait Zhang Zuolin, sont maintenant exposées avec des statues de cire deZhang Zuolin et de six dames.Au milieu se trouve Zhang Zuolin, grand maréchal delarmée et de la marine de la République de Chine.Zhang Zuolin est né en 1875 etest mort en 1928 à l?ge de 54 ans.Zhang Zuolin porte le collier à gauche de lafemme originale de Zhang Zuolin, Mme Zhao, qui est la mère biologique de ZhangXueliang. Mme Zhao et Zhang Zuolin ont le même ?ge et se marient à 21 ans.Il y ala première fille a?née, Fang, le fils a?né apprend bien, après lapprentissagede linscription.Il est mort en 1912 à l?ge de 38 ans.

Je nai jamais vécu au Manoir du Gouverneur.Lautre personne assise sur leKang était Mme jipalu.Marié à Zhang Zuolin à lautomne 1900, il a deuxfilles.Après la mort de Mme Zhao, les trois frères et s?urs de Zhang Xueliangont été élevés par elle, de sorte que Zhang Xueliang a toujours respecté MmeLu.Décédé en 1974.? droite de Zhang Zuolin se trouve Mme Sanfu Dai.

Lautre à droite est la quatrième dame, Mme Xu.Mme Xu est née pour ZhangZuolin avec deux hommes et deux femmes. Zhang XueSi est née pour Mme Xu. ZhangXueSi est un membre du Parti communiste Zhang Jiawei. Il a été chef détat -major de la marine.Mme Xu est morte en 1928.Sur le c?té sud de la maison setrouve Mme Fifty life.Manchu, a un certain niveau déducation, intelligent etcompétent, toutes les affaires intérieures de la famille Zhang sont gérées parelle seule.Il avait quatre fils pour Zhang Zuolin, et sa mère, Yugui, était lafemme préférée de Zhang Zuolin.Décédé à Chinese Taiwan en 1966.Au Nord se trouve maYueqing, la sixième femme a cinq ans de moins que Zhang Zuolin, qui estmort à l?ge de 23 ans.Zhang Zuolin a donné naissance à la plus jeune fille,Zhang huaimin.Décédé à Chinese Taiwan en 1975.

Après avoir visité lexposition de cire, nous avons visité la Cour Sanjindu Manoir du Gouverneur.Lh?pital Sanjin est similaire à lh?pital erjin. Cestla maison intérieure du Manoir du Gouverneur. La plupart des membres de lafamille de Zhang Zuolin y vivent.Il y a 7 chambres principales, au milieudesquelles les ancêtres de zhangjia sont consacré maison est habitée par ladeuxième épouse de Zhang Zuolin, Lu (lépouse originale de Zhang Zuolin, Zhao,est morte en 1912 et nest pas encore entrée dans la résidence duGouverneur).Westinghouse était à lorigine la résidence de la troisième dameDai. Après sa mort, Zhang Zuolin a épousé la femme de wufu Life en 1917 et avécu dans cette Chambre est est habitée par la quatrième dame Xu, dontle camarade Zhang xuese est né.

La Chambre Ouest est lendroit où Zhang Xueliang et Yu Fengzhi vivent.Enentrant dans la Chambre Ouest, il y a une bannière en face, et il y a un livreintitulé "le monde est un grand public", qui est le trésor dencre écrit par M.Sun Yat Sen pour Zhang Xueliang en avril 1924. Sun Yat Sen apprécie beaucoup letalent de Zhang Xueliang et espère quil prendra le monde comme son propredevoir.Au - dessous de la bannière se trouve une grande horloge. Au - dessus dela bannière se trouve lheure de minuit deux. Cest lheure de la chute deShenyang dans lincident du 18 septembre.

La Chambre Nord est la Chambre de Zhang Xueliang et Yu Fengzhi. Lorsquedeux personnes se marient, la nouvelle chambre est située dans cette chambre, oùdeux personnes vivent trois hommes et une femme.Il y a maintenant un lit en boisdans la maison, qui a été collecté auprès des gens ordinaires; une commode, quia été utilisée par Mme Shou, a été trouvée dans la petite maison verte etdéplacée ici; une table à thé sculptée à la racine de jade blanc Han, qui estlobjet original de la Chambre Sud est létude de Zhang Xueliang.

Après 1922, le grand b?timent vert a été construit et Zhang Zuolin adéménagé au premier étage du grand b?timent vert pour y plupartdes membres de la famille ont emménagé dans le grand b?timent vert et sontentrés dans la Cour de triage et ont été transformés en bureaux depatrouille.

灵石县位于山西省晋中、临汾盆地之间，扼太岳、吕梁两大山系交汇处，距省会太原市150公里，北临介休，南接霍州，素有“秦晋要道，川陕通衢”之称。全县总面积1206平方公里，总人口22.8万，辖8镇10乡316个行政村，境内气候温和，四季分明，资源丰富，宝藏众多，地广物阜，是开发较早的千年古邑之一。灵石地处黄河流域华夏文化的发祥地，远在旧石器时代，就有人类聚居繁衍，劳动生息。相传大禹治水在此“打开灵石口，空出晋阳湖”，造福三晋众生，物华天宝，人杰地灵，名胜古迹遍地，历史源远流长，民风淳朴勤劳，历来是平安富庶之地。

新中国成立后，特别是改革开放的近二十年来，灵石人抢抓机遇，艰苦奋斗，拼搏实干，使县域经济进入快速健康发展阶段，1998年全县实现国民生产总值15.6亿元，工业产值2.82亿元，乡镇企业产值6.37亿元，县财政总收入1.22亿元，初步形成了一个以能源、原材料工业为主体，煤炭、冶金、化工、建材、商贸等综合发展、优势突出的经济格局。实力雄厚的煤炭工业。灵石县素称“煤海之乡”，是全国重点主焦煤产区之一，储量丰富，煤种齐全，品质优良。年产原煤、洗精煤、焦炭达1400万吨，是华北最大的煤焦生产县。前景非凡的冶金、建材工业。作为重要的工业基地，灵石的优质石膏产量位居华北第一，铝用炭块占全国销量的1/4，生铁、铸管、水泥等产品初具规模优势，称雄市场。

充满生机的化工工业。灵石拥有一批规模较大、设备技术先进，产品竞争力强的骨干企业，硫磺块产量占全国五分之一，电石、石炭氮、双氢氨、二硫化碳、焦压硫酸钠、甲醇、煤沥青、炭黑等名优产品在海内外久负盛誉。灵石山川皆优，森林覆盖率高，天然侧柏林面积为华北之最，物产富饶。“绿色食品”众多，荆条蜂蜜、蜂王浆、柏籽羊、核桃仁、德和源香醋等土特产品驰名中外。灵石是一块资源丰富，山河壮丽的宝地，又是一块充满魅力，极待开发的热土。为迎接二十一世纪，灵石县出台了一系列优惠政策，大开放的软硬环境全面优化，基础设施完全适应大规模开发建设的需要。热忱欢迎海内外各界人士惠顾灵石，投资开发，观光揽胜，经商贸易、携手创业，共展宏图，同享灿烂似锦的明天。

想必大家都看过《三国演义》吧!《三国演义》中关羽以他一生践行的“忠义仁勇”的传统美德和凸显的人格魅力受到历代帝王的推崇和百姓的敬仰，10月27日，30多名小记者们来到了旅游景区“关林庙”进行参观。

到了关林庙门口，解说员阿姨笑嘻嘻的接待了我们，并且对关林庙做出了简单的介绍：它位于洛阳市南七公里，北依隋唐故城，南临龙门石窟，西望熊耳青黛，东傍伊水清流，是武圣关羽的葬首之所，也是我国唯一的“林、庙”合祀的古代经典建筑，始建于汉代，重修于明万历二十年(1592年)，占地180亩，现存明清殿宇廊庑150余间。

在关林庙大门的上方有“关林”二字，解说员阿姨说：“为明末清初洛阳有名书画家王铎老先生书写。远看这两个大字，其笔力刚劲，又不乏俊美之感，其神韵深透于匾外，颇有独到之处，令游人叹为观止。这是唐朝的一位书法家王轩亲笔题写的，因为他的笔法奇特所以人们叫他‘神笔王轩’”，“ 站在仪门的正下方，我们仰头可以看到一块大匾，上书“威扬六合”，是慈禧皇太后题写的。六合，指的是东西南北上下六方。这块匾是光绪二十六年七月八国联军侵略北京时，光绪帝率后宫奉慈禧皇太后懿旨逃往陕西，第二年九月回北京时路过河南，前来瞻礼关公，看到关帝庙破旧不堪，想到大清江山，不禁圣容黯然，回北京后即发帑银两千两，命河南太守文悌修葺关林，并书“威扬六合”，意在宣扬关羽威镇天下，远播宏宇的美誉。

大殿的前面是一条长廊，一百多个大大小小的石狮子，分列两旁，个个神态逼真，惟妙惟肖，有的怒目圆睁，有的笑容可掬，石狮子上挂满了红红的彩带，活像两条火龙。，大殿前方有两棵树，一棵是龙首柏，一棵是凤尾柏，龙首柏从上往下看，好像一个龙首;凤尾柏的根部凤凰的尾巴，所以叫凤尾柏。

进入了第一大殿，看见了一座雕像，正中为“关圣帝君像”，高6米左右。关公头戴12冕旒，身着龙袍，手持七星笏版，身边分别是周仓、王福和关羽的弟弟关平，解说员说：“关羽被百姓们称为平安神和财神，可见关羽在在百姓的心目中地位有多高。”

第二座财神殿有一把高3·5米，重3·8斤的明月刀，只有关羽才能有。在此我们会看到一块说明牌，讲述了关公作为财神在洛阳地区显灵的传说：道光初年，洛阳潘村村民毛存仁准备到外地做生意，临行到关林上香，祈求关公保佑其贸易成功，并许愿灵验后在关林大门前竖旗杆颂扬。岂料来年果然生意兴隆，天遂人愿。毛存仁便到关林来还愿，于大门前竖旗杆一对，并刻石铭记。如今旗杆已不在，旗墩却保存了下来。时至今日，民间仍保留着商铺开业要到关林拜谒，在神像前焚香祷祝的习俗。他的旁边是周仓、王福和两位老板，一位打着算盘，以为拿着称，表示，做生意不仅要精打细算，还要有诚意，这样才会生意兴隆。

到达第三座娘娘殿，中间坐着的是关羽的妻子，左右两边分别是关羽的女儿与关羽的儿子，象征着女子也能打天下的道理。

最后一座殿——春秋殿，解说员阿姨在这里给我们讲述了一个故事，在关羽刚刚来到曹操的阵营时，关羽和他的嫂子住在一间十分渺小的屋子里，只有一根蜡烛，关羽的嫂子体弱多病，而关羽又热爱读书，所以关羽决定将蜡烛分为两半，一半给自己体弱多病的嫂子，一半留给自己读书用，曹操知道了，十分敬佩他，于是就造出了关羽睡姿的雕像;他身上的棉被是老百姓的一针一线编织出来的，表示百姓对关羽的爱戴，关羽的床头上第一层有四条大龙，中间有一颗龙珠，代表真龙天子，下层有九条小龙在嬉戏打闹，代表儿孙满堂。

在关林庙的后院有一座碑亭，因为碑亭台基为八角形，所以我们也叫它“八角亭”。亭里有石碑一通，立于康熙五年。碑额是九叠篆书“敕封碑记”，碑阴记载的是修建关林的情况，碑的正面是“忠义神武灵估仁勇威显关圣大帝林”，是道光元年磨石重刻的明清两朝对关羽的最高封号。解说员说，关林的“关”字大家都知道，是关羽，“林”是皇家人世的葬身之地叫做林，这座碑代表了百姓对关羽的思念。

小记者们跟随解说员来到碑的后面，那里有一个像石门一样的东西，解说员说，这是祈福门，只要往里面投一枚硬币，如果听到“当啷”一声，就说明你们的祈福有用。我们每个人都试图的投进一枚硬币，硬币打在地上的声音好像一首美妙的音乐在不断的敲打着。

最后。我们遇到了一棵枝繁叶茂的大树。这棵树有几十米高，几个人都抱不过来，听讲解员说这棵树活了一千多年了，可以给人们带来齐天的洪福，很多人都往树上挂平安符，我们也挂了，祈求着来日的吉祥平安!

这次活动，让我知道了关林妙的由来，目睹了关羽的风采!理解了“忠义仁勇”的真正含义!真是受益匪浅的一次活动!

文殊院位于成都市城北文殊院街,是现存市区保存最完整的一座佛教寺院.文殊院始建于唐代,原始”信相寺”,明代毁于战火.清康熙三十年重建.传说清朝康熙年间,有位慈笃禅师在此修行,老百姓常在夜里看见有灵光现于成都西北角,便以为慈笃禅师是文殊菩萨在此应身,于是在康熙三十六年(1697)改寺名为文殊院.公元 1703年,康熙皇帝亲笔题写了“空林”匾额一块赐给文殊院，所以，文殊院又叫“空林堂”，在清康熙三十年后，又有两次扩建，发展至今天的规模。成都文殊院是川西“四大丛林”之一，四川省和成都市的佛教协会就设在 寺内。 俗话说“天下名山僧占多”，入名山必游寺庙，。大家在游览大小名山的时候，一般都会游览山中的寺庙。但 今天我们去游览位于城市市区的寺庙，或许会给大家一些不一样的感受。文殊院坐北朝南，有五重殿宇，进山门往里走依次是天王殿，三大士殿，大雄宝殿，说法堂，藏经楼。建筑面积 2 万余平方米，全院共有 房舍 190多间，房舍为木石结构，各殿堂的缕空花窗式样繁多，图案精美。文殊院文物荟萃，宝物众多。 就拿供奉的佛像来说，寺内供奉大小 300余尊佛像，有钢铁铸造，有脱纱、木雕，有石刻、泥塑，十分丰 富。从年代而论，有出土的梁代石刻，有唐宋年间铁铸戒神，更有清代青铜铸像，还有缅甸玉佛，这些塑像具有很高的文物价值和艺术价值，为我们研究古代雕塑、铸造等工艺提供了宝贵的资料。 门口有 1、2、3三道门，象征佛教中的“三解脱门”，就是佛家通常所说的：空门、无相门、无作门， 所以又称三门。进门的时候请大家抬头看正门上方“古信相寺”。这第一殿便是天王殿了。首先请大家往房梁上看：有一个八卦图形，因为这些建筑毕竟是中国式的建筑，尤其是在古代，看风水，看日子是修建房屋的必要程序。所以有这个八卦图了。 我们率先看到台座上这位袒胸露肚，笑口常开的弥勒佛。请大家看，左边第一位和右边第一位是守卫山门的哼哈二将; 左边这第二位是北方多闻天王，手拿混元珍珠伞，任管‘雨’之职;左边第三位是南方增长天王，手持青光宝剑(或塔)一口，任管‘风’之职;右边第二位是西方广目天王，手拿紫金龙蛇一条，任管‘顺’之职;右边第三位是东方持国天王，手拿碧玉琵琶一面，任管‘调’之职。总的来说，他们掌管着世间的“风调雨顺”又预示着“五谷丰登、天下太平”。他们各护一方，负有神圣的职责，民间还希望他们能掌握“风调雨顺”,因为风调雨顺了，就国泰民安了，所以常用他们手中的法器来象征“风、调、雨、顺

”四大天王脚下各踏着两 个鬼，分别象征欲谷与邪恶。 天王殿背面供奉的是阿弥陀佛。阿弥陀佛是西方极乐世界的教主后边的这位是接引菩萨，长伸手 ,他的职责就是接引人们去到西方净土极乐世界，所以一般我们不拜他。接近有生之末时才拜他。 东西两侧是钟楼和鼓楼,六朝时有一位僧人告诉梁武帝，说屈死鬼每次听到钟声，他们的痛苦就会 暂时平息。于是梁武帝诏告天下寺院设钟，从此，凡寺皆有钟，并有“名刹不可无钟”之说。现在我们看到的是文殊院的第二重殿——三大士殿 前面这重殿宇是三大士殿，门口对联：见了便做 做了便放下了 了有何不了，慧生于觉 觉生于自 在生生还是无生。这幅对联预示我们：自己想到的事情或想做的事情要敢于尝试，即使没能成功，做了就放下了，也没什么大不了的。人们的智慧产生于觉悟，而觉悟则来自无数次的实践经验，这就取决于自己 愿意去实践还是不愿意实践了。三大士殿便施奉观世音、文殊、普贤三位菩萨的殿堂。正中是“大悲菩萨”。又叫“观世音”,唐代因避唐太宗李世民讳，略去“世”字而简称“观音”。观音脚下的坐骑，叫做金鳖。据说金鳖原是海中恶害众生的庞然大物，它力大无穷，海船如果遇上了它，成为观音的坐骑。但他也会破戒，在海上吞食众生或者翻身引起地震，然而它只要一听到观音的声音，马上自悟闭口，训服以待。她的道场在浙江的普陀山左边的这位是普贤菩萨，“普”是遍一切处，“贤”是指具德才者，故名普贤。她手持如意，他的坐 骑是六牙白象。道场在四川的峨嵋山;右边的这位是文殊菩萨，。文殊的坐骑是一头狮子，表示智慧威猛。 手持文稿表示智慧锐利，当然也象征思想精进。他的道场在山西的五台山;三大士象征佛的悲、智、行。用我们老百姓的话来说就是，要有善良的大悲心肠、明锐的智慧和脚踏实地的行动。对了，大家可能已经发现了，这三尊塑像有点没对。左边的这位普贤菩萨怎么拿着一份书稿，而右边的这位文殊菩萨则手持如意。是不是他们拿错了?其实不是，工匠们在用铜铸造的时候为了展现菩萨、佛主不分贵贱，融恰相处，互换着拿一天也无妨。正可以说：天上方一日，世上已千年。从唐代到今天的这一拿， 果真已经是一千多年了。左边的这一位守圣大帝。他的原身是三国时的关羽。由于关羽的忠义，被历代君主所推崇。不断的 给他封号，封为关圣大帝。由于他是一员武将，所以这里主管习武之职。右边的这位是文昌帝君。他其实是道教中的一位星神。就是文曲星又叫文昌官。是一位主大贵的吉 星。

特别是科考的人拜这颗星，民间信仰准能考上。他在这里主管习文之职。当然大家可能会说：佛堂内怎么也供上了道教的神了。因为佛教认为，佛主有无比宽阔的胸怀。这是佛教的求同存异的一个典范。 我们不难明白，这座殿堂是文武双全之殿了。好，清大家跟我往后走。在三大士殿的背面，供奉着佛教中的一位护法神——韦驮,他相当于现在的警察局长吧。韦驮手里拿的金刚忤，就是驱魔降妖的有力武器。同时，也是寺院是否为接待寺的标志。韦驮像的塑造方式普通的有三种，如果韦驮像手持着地金刚杵，表示寺庙为世袭制子孙丛林，不甚富裕，对外来云游僧不开放，至多只能在寺中吃两餐，不得留宿;假如金刚杵是横放在韦驮的手臂上，表示寺庙较富裕，是十方丛林，云游僧人是可以免费食宿的;若韦驮左手卡腰，右手握金刚杵过额，就说明这寺庙对僧要适当收费。有些寺庙起先是子孙丛林，所以塑的韦驮像的金刚杵是着地的，后来在历史上又改为十方丛林后，塑像就没有改变， 仍保持原样。但按十方丛林的寺规，云游僧人仍然可以免费食宿。大殿前挂着“南无释迦牟尼佛”的匾。“南无”的意思是顶礼、皈(guī)依之意。昭示人们皈依佛主释迦牟尼佛。那么平时僧人们所念：“南无阿弥陀佛”又是什么意思呢?阿弥陀佛西方净土极乐世界的教主。大雄宝殿是文殊院的正殿，“大雄”是释迦牟尼的德号，又是佛教徒对释迦牟尼的尊称，意思是说佛如同勇士一样，一切无畏，同时佛还具有很大的法力。能够降伏群魔。所以，大雄宝殿的主尊必是释迦牟尼佛。释迦牟尼佛是佛教的创始人，他的俗名叫乔达摩悉达多.生于公元前565年，与我国孙子生活在统一时代.他逝印度北部迦毗罗卫国净饭王的王子，他29岁出家，经过六年苦行僧的修行和七天七夜悟道，终于一切烦劳烟消云散，洞彻了宇宙，人生的真谛成就了正觉.后来他又用45年时间云游四方，说法度生，直到80岁涅磐.释迦牟尼是佛教徒对他的尊称.意思是”释迦族的圣人”. 在他的两旁是他的两位第子：阿难和伽叶。殿堂古朴洁净，是院内高僧理佛场所。雄宝殿东西两壁，塑有“十八罗汉”像，“罗汉”又称“阿罗汉”，是佛教中已达到自觉但不能觉他的神.也就是他自己已断除一切烦劳，超脱于生死轮回之外，但还不能普度众生. 佛是第一果位的，其次是菩萨，再 次是罗汉我们来到的这重殿是说法堂，院内的这通尊胜幢是文殊院内的“空林第一观”，名叫《双杉表瑞》 。在 大雄殿后的屋檐下，逝信相寺遗留的古杉两株。慈笃禅师当年重修

一、《剑阁铭》作者张载，字孟阳，湖北人，父张收在蜀郡任太守，张载于晋太康二年(公元281年)

到蜀中看望父亲，途经剑门，因感慨剑门雄险，而蜀人常恃险作乱，而作《剑阁铭》该诗四字成韵，共184字，它开创了第一以诗文的形式赞剑门之险，第一个记剑门之史，第一个叙剑门之事。同时在诗中提出了“兴实在德、险亦难恃”的观点，用我们现在的话说，就是要以德治国，益州刺史张敏读后，认为是天下奇文，上表晋武帝司马炎推荐，被铭刻于剑门山东向石壁上。

二、李白《蜀道难》(公元701-762年)是我国伟大的浪漫主义诗人，人称诗仙，字太白，号青莲居士，陇西成纪人，生于吉尔吉斯坦共和国，长于绵州昌隆县(今四川江油青莲镇)于十九岁游览剑门关，公元725年出蜀漫游，游遍了祖国名川大山，于公元730年在京都长安写下了《蜀道难》现被译为多国文字，在世界各地广为流传。

三、陆游《剑门道中遇微雨》公元1172年，陆游应四川宣抚史王炎邀请，入其幕僚为其抗金，后因朝庭调其任临安(浙江抗州市)枢密院，幕府解散，陆游改任成都府路安抚司参议官。十一月他离开南郑，踏上西去成都的旅程。陆游当年曾四次在剑门蜀道，因干办公务而往返，陆游先生一界书生投笔从，有志不能伸，象一个大病的人，在细雨中骑着一匹毛驴，穿着一袭青衫，借酒浇愁，衣衫上征尘酒痕历历在目，因而写下了这首快灸人口的佳作。

四、杜甫的《剑门诗》杜甫(公元712年-770年)字子美，号少陵，生于河南巩县，卒于湖南湘江的一条船上，杜甫出生在唐朝由盛转衰的转折时期，经历了唐玄宗、肃宗、代宗三朝，政治上不受重用，生活在社会下层，目睹了残酷的社会现实，创作了一千四百多首忧国忧民的诗歌，公元759年12月1日为避安史之乱，带领全家入蜀，途经剑门因而写了《剑门诗》。

自蜀王开明氏五丁开道，诸葛亮于公元231年建关设尉以来，剑门关就是一个非常雄险的古战场，历代兵家必争之地(经历了大规模的战争100多余次，平均不到20年就有一场战争)凡有志称王蜀中者，必须攻下的天险，所以有“攻下剑门关，犹如得四川”的说法，纵观剑门战争史，只有三次从小路迂回攻破剑门，于是守关者说：“一关失，半川没”。

对面就是解放军总政后勤部《中华雄关》摄制组说的“潼关有土无石，剑门有石无土，山是一块巨石，石是一座大山”的雄关天堑了。西边是金城山(上有一道观临绝壁而建名仙峰观)，东向是营盘嘴又名姜

维城，两崖相向，构成剑门关的关口。古之关口，上宽150米左右，底宽50米。中建一座关楼。沧桑巨变，一千七百年前，诸葛亮当年立石为门的“门”历代相继设关的“关”，均以化为战火尘烟。清代最后一次修建筑的关楼(由当时的四川总督陈谟回京述职时倡仪于乾隆二十五年八月初十动工，次年三月初三完工)老人们记忆犹新：过往人马，从北而来，必闯关而过，踏步步石阶而上，始至关楼前沿，石砌楼座正中，有拱券门洞，开木门两扇。门扉护以铁皮，乳钉突起，各九九八十一颗，置剑楼两层于楼座之上，重檐歇山造，翼角凌空，气宇轩昂，檐下匾题“天下雄关”四个金色大字，无不令人嗟叹汗颜!可惜于1935年修川陕公路时被毁。也是是在这里，历史上五位大诗人以同一首《蜀道难》讴歌剑门。最早的是距今1400多年“南梁”的张忄宗“梁山镇地险，积石阻云端。深谷下寥廓，层岩上郁盘。飞梁架绝岭，栈道接危峦。揽辔独长息，方知斯路难。”第二首是公元550年简文帝箫纲的“巫山七百里，巴水三回曲。笛声下复高，猿啼断还续。”第三首是南朝陈代的阴铿的“王尊奉汉朝，灵关不惮遥。高眠长有雪，阴栈屡经烧。轮摧九折路，骑阻七星桥。蜀道如此险，功名讵可要!”第四首就是最有名，影响最深远的唐朝诗仙李白的“噫吁兮，危乎高哉!蜀道之难，难于上青天......剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开......”第五首是清朝初蜀诗人费锡璜的“金牛开九阪，陈宝出三秦。道绝惟通鸟，桥危不渡人。阴岩春积雪，虚壑夜疑神。故国终难到，题诗泪满巾。”

现在我们已来到剑门的标性建筑仿古关楼前了。这座关楼自1983年-1990年先后邀请重庆建工学院，南京工学院，省建设局三次选址五套方案。最后于1992年9月1日动工，次年6月28日建成，当时张中伟副省长在鞭炮声中剪断了彩绸。这座仿古关楼是原关楼平线东移80米，中轴线北偏东20度。其基础隐在12米深的地下，经过仿砾岩工艺处理，使之与周围环境浑然一体，不露人造痕迹。关楼主体，两层一底，楼高17.1米，底层用长80厘米，宽高各30厘米的细清石条一丁一顺，水泥座浆，错缝修筑，构成四面墙体。墙外用黄泥勾缝，泥中混合草籽，待到山花烂漫时，其绿草如茵，旧貌依稀，俨然久经风霜，石砌拱券门洞，拱高4.5米，宽3.06米，进深14米，南北贯通。上用三国时官方通用汉隶书体刻，“剑阁”二字(因诸葛亮在此修30里阁道，故称为剑阁，古之剑阁即今之剑门)。南向门联是流沙河先生一九九七年题写的“剑铸耕铧，戾气低沉祥气起;门迎览客，杀声远去笑声来”。二层横匾为沙孟海先生题写的“剑门天险”顶层由邑人题写的“眼底长安”。北向门联是古关楼遗联：首当要地，是为双剑之门;体若大邦，或应三刀夜梦。二层横匾是丹阳吴文华题的“天下雄关”、顶层横匾是邵宇题的“雄关天成”。关楼东侧

制高点，筑7.8米高的烽火台，四周有堞垛射孔，平战两用：平时可登台瞭望，观山赏景：战时可燃狼烟烽火，乃古代敌情联络信号，台与楼之间以城墙相连，有断有续，石级踏道，通达其间，成为关楼、城墙、烽火台、梯道为一体的古建筑群，总面积443.56平方米，整个建筑采用了“残、断、缺、旧”的仿古手法，使之新建如旧，断墙、残垣，为人们留下了对历史深沉的回顾，1966年4月20日中科院院长郭沫若游览剑门时，当时既无古关楼，也无今古关楼，只有108国道穿关而过(路比关楼低7米)，所以郭老题写了地名碑后赋诗说：剑门天失险，如砥坦途通......。

站在关楼上远眺七十二峰，共东向38峰，西向36峰，可欣赏“群峰齿尽黑，万砾色皆红”的美景了。我们脚下的游山道是1985年由县风景局修建，全长6公里，铺石阶7000余级，宽1-1.5米，我们将沿石阶而上，坡陡路险，请大家小心，注意安全。

三将军墓 在普陀山半山腰的博望坪。1944年11月, 在抗击日本侵略军 的桂林防卫战中,第31军参谋长吕旃蒙、防山军司令部参谋长陈济桓、第131师师长阚维雍壮烈牺牲。1946年, 国民党政府建“三将军墓”以示纪念, 蒋介石、李宗仁、白崇禧均有题字。1982年重修, 墓地呈葫芦形, 宽16米, 长20米, 占地320平方米。

忆昔亭 在普陀山博望坪八百壮土墓旁, 1946年建。以纪念抗日阵亡将士, 抚今忆昔, 吸取血的教训, 亦名纪忠亭。高7.5米, 宽5.3米, 长4.2米, 面积22.26平方米, 为砖柱、单檐、尖顶、青瓦、方形的仿古亭, 中有石桌凳供凭吊憩息。

普陀精舍 在普陀山半山腰、第2道山门“超尘净境”后的山坡上。原为普陀寺旧址, 1959年拆除全部旧建筑, 重新修建, 更名“普陀精舍”。精舍为红柱、粉墙、硬脊、翘檐、坡顶、绿瓦的2层楼阁式建筑。1层长17.3米, 深12米, 2层长度略小, 总建筑面积约为400平方米。正屋开敝, 楼上四面开窗, 上有观景厅。普陀岩崖壁前的天然石屏, “超尘净境”山门、普陀精舍、文昌亭、小蓬莱等一组错落有致的建筑, 形成封而不闭的多变格局, 登楼观赏, 城市风光、山林奇趣, 各呈勃勃生机。

普陀石林 在普陀半山腰的普陀精舍前, 高9米, 面积约150平方米, 呈不等边多边形。相传, 唐代地方官员在这里选石进贡朝廷, 深得唐太宗李世民喜爱, 视为“瑞石”, 镌刻著名书法家欧阳询的《九成宫醴泉铭》于其上, 钱藏宫中。李靖出任桂州总管时, 唐太宗嘱咐他考查“瑞石”产地, 得悉产于普陀山, 敕命建庆林观, 并御书“庆林观”赐额。普陀石林, 林峰嶙峋, 突兀峥嵘, 最为奇美, 为桂林三大石林之冠。

小逢莱 园林建筑。在普陀山半山腰, 普陀精舍前, 普陀石林左侧, 建于光绪十八年(1892)。为亭阁式长廊, 红柱、坡顶、青瓦, 长16米, 宽6米, 顶高6.5米, 建筑面积96平方米。廊西有矮围墙, 可凭栏眺望城东佳景。山墙上有“小蓬莱”匾额, 亭柱分悬著名教育家马君武联句: “城中佳境, 常绕梦魂, 叹半世飘零, 遂与名山成久别; 岭表旧都, 屡经离乱, 望故乡英俊, 共筹长策致升平。”

博望亭 在普陀山天玑峰半山坳上, 为钢筋混凝土结构, 8柱、单檐、翘角、绿瓦、长方形仿古亭, 宽约4米, 长10余米, 面积40平方米左右。亭建于山脊, 与米, 深180米, 面积20__平方米。宋南西路经略安抚使曾布, 性喜访奇, 元丰二年(1079)发现并开发, 辟为景点。宋刘谊《曾公岩记》详载其事。曾公岩是个迷人的山体地势配合, 宜于近观远眺山前山后景物, 俯仰顾盼, 处处入画。

栖霞亭 在普陀山四仙岩口。始建于宋, 名“簪带”, 刘克庄《簪带亭》有“上列青林杪, 凭栏尽桂州”之句·清代重建 后易名“倚岚”, 后改“碧虚亭”, 毁于抗日战火。抗战胜利后在原址建“栖霞亭”。1979年再新建, 沿用“栖霞”之名。亭有月门, 又称“步月亭”。亭为两层钢筋混凝土结构、单檐方亭、面积25平方米。底层作售票处, 上层为观景亭。游人上下, 若穿云步月, 与碧虚阁对应。渲染了“天上人间”的意境。

玄武洞 在普陀山北半山腰, 与白鹤洞相连。洞口向西北, 高5～6米, 宽2～15米, 深21米, 面积230平方米。洞呈喇叭形, 前大后小。洞中有全真观, 为元代所建, 明改名真武阁, 后因避讳又改为玄武阁, 洞亦更名玄武洞。玄武客早废, 抗战胜利后重盖, 1989年拆除原格, 重新修建。一偏一正, 分别为45、100平方米的仿古混凝土结构, 飞角、单檐, 高6.5米。偏客南向, 正阁西向, 均有“玄武阁”匾额。从偏阁登10数级石阶, 达正阁, 为8柱大厅, 前可凭栏眺望普陀山麓秀色, 后通白鹤洞,经四仙岩, 达名闻遐迩的七星岩。透过阁楼南窗, 可以看见明代浮雕《龟蛇合一》。

玄武, 是中国古代神话中的北方水神, 后为道教所信奉, 同青龙、白虎、朱雀合称四方四神, 其形象为龟或龟蛇相缠。这座浮雕, 巧妙地利用岩石的天然色泽, 雕成青灰色的龟、淡红色的蛇的玄武形象。龟, 水母类, 披甲, 有防御水火刀兵之意, 表达了人民群众追求安定吉祥的愿望。

白鹤洞 在普陀山北半山腰间, 与四仙岩、玄武洞相连。洞高3～4米, 宽6～7米, 深23米, 面积150平方米, 呈圆管形。洞壁石纹如白鹤飞翔, 洞中一石柱, 如鹤腿, 故有白鹤洞之称。白鹤洞是从普陀岩、玄武洞进入七星岩的必由之路, 地势较高而曲折, 且洞内幽暗, 通过时自卑而高、由明转暗, 再出敝亮的四仙岩, 给人以变幻无穷的神秘感。