关于莫高窟的英文导游词【通用20篇】

"I believe in fourth grade childrens shoes should have learned the lesson" into the lijiang "! Theres a phrase in the text said: lijiang, is a magic and beautiful land. Its magnificent mountains and rivers, the ancient town, is famous for its simple morals. And today I will walk into this magical and beautiful ancient city of lijiang.

But when I go to lijiang, lijiang but I think so, yes, the commercialization of lijiang has lost the original simple appearance, but in the beam river town I found: every streams around the door, household weeping willows "jiangnan the taste of the old town. Listen to mom and dad: lijiang naxi people living, and the beam river town is located in the north of lijiang, is the earliest settlements, naxi ancestors. I also listen to them in the beam river town scenery and eight, respectively is: the night market firefly, dragon full moon, snow-capped mountains reflected, broken stone on the sound, sex, xishan red leaves, relatives encrinite night and tsing lung bridge. When I saw the beautiful simple beam river town, I show mom dad excitedly: "mom, look! This is what I imagine the appearance of the ancient town of oh! Water flows in front of the door, and set up the Bridges on the water! Here is really great! I cant help out a Du Xunhe about suzhou amorous feelings of the "small bridge, flowing water, somebody elses" poem: "jun to see gusu, the somebody else all pillow river. The ancient palace gets less, besides small rest more. The night market to buy ling lotus root, spring ship yee. Away the moon night, acacia in fishermans song......"

Lijiang ancient city is Chinas famous historical and cultural city and the world cultural heritage, and mus residence is the "grand view garden" of lijiang ancient city culture, not only is the birthplace of naxi ethnic leaders woods tusi! And woods also is known as a knowledge and literature gifts keep instrument.

46 mu mus residence covers an area of great, have so big! Wooden arch on the book "rain lasts four words," is the partial tone of naxi language "study", reflect the heart sense of the naxi ethnic promoting knowledge and wisdom. Everyone is impression of wangfu sits, only mus residence is sitting west toward the east. Ancient city of lijiang around mus residence to expansion, without walls, according to the guide, because LiJiangCheng original owner surnamed wood.

Mus residence is a magnificent architectural art of garden, it fully reflects the central plains in Ming dynasty architectural style, embodies the spirit of naxi nationality recruitment of multicultural open.

Turn for a day, everyone is tired and hungry, so we found a restaurant nearby and went in! I saw in the restaurant worthy of the name useless (which is inside a wooden bucket has a lot of rice!) Ate the naxi grilled fish and MAO blood flourishing......"

Look at this is blood flourishing, MAO useless and naxi grilled fish that looks great!

Daming monastery is located in yangzhou city in northwest sichuan, 27, was built in the southern dynasty liu song period of the ancient temple.

Distinguishing the master had presided over the temple in the tang dynasty, to pass on ones experience about law. Temple built nine layers of a habitat of spirit. Today daming monastery in distinguishing memorial hall for the tang dynasty style architecture, distinguishing in 1963 died when the 1200th anniversary of the foundation, built in 1973, the main hall of worship with dry paint on 须弥座 clip made distinguishing storage cave, close the meditation, persistent, peace. Its front yard has more than one plant height when the rare flower Joan, lush leaves, spring blossoms as white as tracts, have the reputation of "yangzhou qionghua, the unique thing in the world". To daming monastery I saw people like tide, just went in to see there is a big sign, reading: "Ursa" four characters, once we worship the Buddha inside.

Finally, we came to live spirit. After entering their spirit inside there are four Buddha, are all the same, we have been to climb, to climb to the seventh layer have been exhausted, climb to the top to rest for a while, for air, air to continue to climb again. Finally climbed to the ninth floor, I feel very proud and very happy, I told mom and dad said: "Im so happy, the wind is very comfortable!" I look down, the good little, as if some toys, people like only small ants crawling around, and I look ahead in the distance, originally the world is so big!

Down after saw a tower and a drum. Leave is always coming, the day is so happy!

Everybody is good! My name is wang, can call me the king tour guide. Today we are going to swim the Palace Museum, it was listed as a world heritage site in 1987.

Look! In front of us now is the Palace Museum. It is also called the Forbidden City, is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, is the worlds largest and most complete existing ancient wooden buildings. It is Ming yongle built four years (AD 1406), 14 years to complete, covers an area of 720xx0 square meters. There are 9999 palace. A total of 24 emperors successively in this reign.

Now we three buildings in the Forbidden City is the most attractive, the solar temple, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, they are all yellow glass roof and green white stone base, decorated with resplendent and magnificent painting. Tell you a recent discoveries: all of the imperial palace palace is arranged by along a north-south axis, and to expand on both sides, north and south straightening, left and right sides is symmetrical. The central axis not only within the imperial palace, and nanda YongDingMen, north to the bell tower, drum tower, throughout the entire city, verve, magnificent plan is rigorous, very spectacular. Inside the palace is now about one million items of precious historical relics and art collection. And, more importantly, the imperial palace construction according to the layout of function is divided into the outer court and the imperial palace, the outer court and the imperial palace by a gate of heavenly purity, dry outside the south gate of dynasty qing, north of the imperial palace. The outer court in taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace three main halls as the center, in addition the two wings with mandarin house, therefore the court, south three, hall of martial valor, office buildings, etc. Im afraid you will ask, and the imperial palace? Dont worry, stay will say to the imperial palace area.

Ok, we can say now. Because we came to the center of the imperial palace, after three palace, the palace of heavenly purity, alternating between tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility. Imperial palace flanks are yangxin temple, east sixth, west sixth palace, the hall of abstinence, min city palace. Although they like in front of the three main halls (yellow glass roof and green white stone base), but the internal structure of the east to the table, tea table, west cultural relics for the chair. Three palace, the imperial and creature door, after the creature door to the north gate, east gate DongHuaMen, Simon called xihua gate, main entrance is the meridian gate.

Okay, now into the free browsing time, time for three hours, please pay attention to the points:

1. Not call, do not run, do not disorderly touch, do not tamper with, do not litter;

2. Keep quiet;

3. Now back to the location of the set on time.

How time flies, suddenly the say goodbye. The tourists, goodbye! Hope the next time you come to Beijing to visit the Forbidden City!

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游。

恭王府位于北京市西城区前海西街，是清代规模最大的一座王府，先后作为大贪官和珅、庆亲王永璘的宅邸，后被赐予恭亲王奕欣，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府历经了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的历史进程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的说法。

“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常的好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内入不外流，因此更符合风水学敛财的说法。我国十大元帅和郭沫若等人、均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常长寿。据说，北京长寿老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近，这个地方真是一块风水宝地。

恭王府由府邸和花园两部分组成，南北长约330米，东西宽180余米， 占地面积约61120平方米，其中府邸占地32260平方米，花园占地28860平方米。府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高规制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能逾制的。恭王府的中、东、西三路各有三个院落，其中每一路的后两个院子是人们要游览的主要区域。

府邸建筑分东、中、西三路，每路由南自北都是以严格的中轴线贯穿着的多进四合院落组成。

中路最主要的建筑是银安殿和嘉乐堂，殿堂屋顶采用绿琉璃瓦，显示了中路的威严气派，同时也是亲王身份的体现。东路的前院正房名为多福轩，厅前有一架长了两百多年的藤萝，至今仍长势甚好，在京城极为罕见。东路的后进院落正房名为“乐道堂”，是当年恭亲王奕欣的起居处。西路的四合院落较为小巧精致，主体建筑为葆光室和锡晋斋。精品之作当属高大气派的锡晋斋，大厅内有雕饰精美的楠木隔段，为和珅仿紫禁城宁寿宫式样(此为和珅僭侈逾制，是其被赐死的“二十大罪”之一)。府邸最深处横有一座两层的后罩楼，东西长达156米，后墙共开88扇窗户，内有108间房，俗称“99间半”，取道教“届满即盈”之意。

名为“朗润园或萃锦园”，俗称恭王府花园，徜徉于园中犹如漫步在山水之间。与府邸相呼应，花园也分为东中西三路。中路以一座西洋建筑风格的汉白玉拱形石门为入口，以康熙皇帝御书“福”字碑为中心，前有独乐峰、蝠池，后有绿天小隐、蝠厅，布局令人回味无穷。东路的大戏楼厅内装饰清新秀丽，缠枝藤萝紫花盛开，使人恍如在藤萝架下观戏。戏楼南端的明道斋与曲径通幽、垂青樾、吟香醉月、流杯亭等五景构成园中之园。花园内古木参天，怪石林立，环山衔水，亭台楼榭，廊回路转。月色下的花园景致更是千变万化，别有一番洞天。诸多中外游客慕名而至，寻觅着翠山碧水、曲径幽台在诉说的如烟往事。

恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年，原为清代乾隆宠臣和珅的私宅，和珅因贪污罪于嘉庆年间被抄家处死后，此处私宅便赠给了庆王。同治朝时，由于恭亲王奕忻协同慈禧发动政变有功，慈禧太后便将此宅赠予他，而成为恭亲王府。

俗呼银銮殿，恭王府最主要的建筑。作为王府的正殿， 只有逢重大事件、重要节日时方打开，起到礼仪的作用。民国初年，由于不慎失火，大殿连同东西配殿一并焚毁，现银安殿院落为复建。

和珅时期之建筑。悬挂有“嘉乐堂”匾额一方。该匾疑是乾隆帝赐给和珅的，但匾额无署款，无钤记，故无由证实，但和珅留有《嘉乐堂诗集》，说明是和珅之室名。在恭亲王时期，嘉乐堂主要作为王府的祭祀场所，内供有祖先、诸神等的牌位，以萨满教仪式为主。恭王府规模宏大，占地约6万平方米，分为府邸和花园两部分，拥有各式建筑群落30多处，布局讲究，气派非凡。其花园又名锦翠园，园内布局、设计具有较高的艺术水平。造园模仿皇宫内的宁寿宫。全园以“山”字型假山拱抱，东、南、西面均堆土累石为山，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法颇高。山顶平台，成为全园最高点。居高临下，可观全园景色。恭王府由于是在权臣和珅邸宅的基础上改建而成，和珅当年定罪的二十大罪状中就有关于内檐装修的“潜侈逾制”问题，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木厅堂，其多宝格及隔断门窗解仿照宁寿宫制度”。因此恭王府的内 檐装修在王府文化中别具一格，其所表现的特点尤为突出：

一、 规格最高，可与宫殿建筑比美：

恭王府几座主要厅堂的内檐装修不仅是多宝格、隔断，还可举出仙楼、神殿带毗卢帽的祭灶等装修也与宫廷中别无二制。并有室内假山水池，装修成室内小园林，更是别出心裁。

二、 数量较多，形式多样：

从样式雷图中可以看到当年有内檐装修的建筑多达二十余处，而且具有多种类型，如太师壁、宝座床、碧纱橱、祭灶、万字炕、几腿罩、落地罩、炕罩、真假门、仙楼、书阁、多宝格、顺山炕、前、后檐炕等。

三、 界划灵活，空间丰富：

恭王府内各厅堂的空间根据使用功能划分，格局多样，其主要厅堂既有肃穆、庄严的开敞式大空间，又有私密性的小空间，既有对称式的，也有非对称式的，还有可以灵活组合的。有的适合接待高级宾客，有的用于萨满教的祭祀活动，有的适合起居生活，有的作为寝息，不同的空间需求各得其所。

四、 做工精细，技巧高超：

从恭王府的装修遗留物件中可知皆使用硬木，用材异常讲究，加工的木料可以作出细小的截面，雕刻花纹起伏精确，而且使用圆形或曲线拼出各种华格，只有在精细的加工之基础上才能完成，施工难度之大，令人叹为观止。 遗憾的是恭王府的原有内檐装修，绝大部分已经无存，今天通过研究王府文化，要进一步将其发掘出来，结合今后的王府博物馆展示要求，再现当年辉煌。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海， 背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆褫夺了和珅军机大臣、九门提督两职，抄了其家，估计全部财富约值白银八亿两，相当于清政府十五年的财政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则如愿归“爱豪宅不爱江山”的胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。

与此同时，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕?成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

恭王府是我国保存最为完整的王府建筑群，分为府邸和花园两部分，府在前，园在后。恭王府的开放，早在30年前，就被提上议事日程。1975年，周总理在病床上，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的开放问题。

恭王府始建于清乾隆年间，初为大学士和珅的私邸。

同治初年，这里的第三代主人恭亲王奕欣，身兼议政王、军机领班大臣等要职，重权在握，显赫一时，乃大筑邸园，同时也对府邸部分进行了修缮与改建。我们看到的恭王府的建筑规模与格局，就是在那个时候最后形成的。

恭王府前半部是富丽堂皇的府邸，后半部为幽深秀丽的古典园林，总占地面积将近六万平方米。其府邸建筑庄重肃穆，尚朴去华，明廊通脊，气宇轩昂，仅次于帝王居住的宫室。府后的萃锦园则衔水环山，古树参天，曲廊亭榭，富丽天然;其间景致之变化无常，开合有致，实为中国园林建筑的典范。

根据现有的文献记载，在这块位于京城前海西岸，被"蟠龙水"环抱着的风水宝地上，元、明两朝曾经有过一座规模宏大的寺院，香火旺盛，游人如织，就连皇帝也来此礼佛上香。大约十六世纪中叶，该寺院才逐渐荒废，沦落为明朝廷的供应厂;清朝入主北京以后，在这里建造大小不等的院落若干，供内务府等普通旗人居住。

乾隆四十年前后，在皇帝面前红得发紫的和珅，相中了这块四周萦水，遥接西山，而且又离“皇上家”不远的风水宝地，遂以高价购买下这里的多处房产，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。

恭王府之被称“半部清朝史”，是和居住在这里的三代主人密切相关的。尽人皆知，第一代府主和珅，是乾隆晚期的宰辅、大学士，又是历史上赫赫有名的贪官，在清史中十分惹人注目，有关他的传说也因此多不胜数。特别是他的儿子丰绅殷德，后来娶了乾隆皇帝的小女儿固伦和孝公主为妻，使这座豪宅一时成为了实际上的公主府……

嘉庆四年，和珅因罪赐死，嘉庆皇帝遂将这座宅第转赐给他的小弟弟庆郡王永璘。永璘大概算得上历代主人里最为钟爱这座豪宅的人。早在和珅当道时，乾隆的诸位皇子便凑在一起商订，将来不管谁当了皇帝，都要“办”掉和珅，惟十七皇子永璘说：“将来不论哪位哥哥当上皇帝，只要把和珅的这座豪宅赏给我，我就知足!”

说到永璘，或者许多人都不太熟悉，但若提起他的孙子，那个与李鸿章一起同八国联军签订《辛丑条约》的庆亲王奕劻，恐怕又是无人不晓了。奕劻也是中国近代史上著名的贪官，但与清末那一群懦庸无能的王公贝勒相比，他总还算是一个敢于负责，能够委以重任的人。因此，从同治朝起，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的宠信。在咸丰将府邸改赐恭亲王之前，他一直以辅国将军的身份在此居住。

至于说恭亲王奕欣，那更是中国近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他参与了第二次鸦片战争以及其后(1853-1898年之间)的几乎全部重大政治活动，"辛酉政变"时，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂帘听政"的宝座……毫不夸张地说，如果没有奕欣，整部中国近代史，乃至后来的中国历史就会改写。

如果说世间万物都有灵性，那么这座被"蟠龙水"包围着的明珠一般美丽的建筑，自从它诞生的那一天起，就注定是一个充满着忧伤气质，命运多舛的苦命宅园。

嘉庆四年(1799年)，和珅被处死之后，嘉庆帝即将这座豪宅的西半部，赐给了他那个只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘。之所以只给他一半，是因为当时，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其额驸丰绅殷德还住在那里。

和孝公主，是整部清朝历史中最具传奇色彩的公主，其生母为乾隆皇帝晚年的宠妃汪氏。乾隆四十年正月，当这位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"来到世界时，皇帝已然是六十五岁高龄的老人。十公主虽身为女子，但天生神力，能开十个劲的硬弓，时常陪着父皇骑马打猎，乾隆因此爱她胜过所有的子女，他不只一次叹息："你要是个阿哥，这个皇位将来非你莫属啊!"的确，十公主非但武功卓绝，而且胸襟非凡，当和珅春风得意时，驸马倚仗其父权势行为娇纵，公主就曾经严肃地训斥他："你阿玛受我父皇厚恩，不思回报，却只知纳贿。我都替你们担忧啊，到了身家不保的那一天，连我也要受到你们牵累!"

十公主的话，虽不幸言中，但嘉庆皇帝最终还是念着兄妹之情，没有剥夺他这个小妹夫的爵位，公主夫妇也仍然住在原来的家里。这座宅第也就因此一分为二，西为庆王府;东为公主府，一直到道光三年(1820xx年)九月，十公主去世，整座府邸才全部归到庆王名下，而那时，永璘已经死去三年多了……

辛亥以后，按照民国政府优待清室条例的规定，王府成了府主人的私产。后因政局动荡，生计艰危，未世王孙们纷纷卖掉府第，以图生存。恭王府当然也同北京的其他王府一样，没能逃脱可悲的蜕变与分割。

1920xx年，小恭王溥伟为筹集复辟经费，将恭王府府邸部分的"龙票"，以八万银元的价格低押给北京天主教会的西什库教堂。十几年后，利上加利，原先八万银元的抵押款，滚到了近二十万，穷途末路的溥伟早已无力偿还这笔巨款债务了。1932年，由罗马教会兴办的辅仁大学，以教会之间的关系，用一百零八根金条代偿了这笔贷款，产权遂归这所大学。1937年，辅仁大学因扩充女生宿舍，收回房产，将府邸部分作为女院，并把后罩楼通向萃锦园的通道砌死，这样，府邸与花园就开始分开了。同年，原先居住在邸园中的溥伟二弟溥儒，又以十万银元的价格将花园也卖给了辅仁大学。

1949年，恭王府花园改为某国家机关宿舍;府邸为艺术师范学院、中国音乐学院及文化部艺术研究院等单位使用。1952年，中国音乐学院拆府前部一进四合院，盖起一座"现代风格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大门外的所有房屋，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴楼和一座一字形的画楼。"文革"期间，厂桥空调器厂占用了大戏楼等花园东部的"半壁江山";国管局幼儿园则占据西路建筑。由于不合理使用与地震的破坏，到七十年代中晚期，花园的部分游廊和府邸东路南部一进院落的正房及东西厢房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的损毁，但所幸王府总体格局未遭破坏。

恭王府——世界最大的四合院，除皇帝和家眷外，任何人是不得住进紫禁城的。因此皇亲国戚们都要建造自己的宅弟，以为家居之所。于是，王府便产生了。今日的北京城里，还有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一个。

北京的清代王府都分布在内城区里，这和清代北京城的居住限制密切相关。城墙未拆除以前，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宫，外面的第二层是皇城，为政府衙门，第三层是内城，为清代八旗王公贵族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四层，才是汉人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京内城漫步，还能时时看见深宅大院。

位于什刹海北岸的恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

大观园是中国古典文学名著《红楼梦》里描绘的一大园林。《红楼梦》成书于北京，有中国封建社会秘史之称。根据书中的描写，人们在北京西南角建起了一座园林。这处取名大观园的新园是今日北京的一大胜景，每天游人不断。

由于恭王府有着《红楼梦》中所描绘的某些景物，因此 有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。恭王府到底是不是大观园的蓝本呢?这可能也是一个永远的秘密了。

恭王府的主人，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。 亲王府有门脸5间正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。

如果你看到深宅大院的门口耸立着石狮，你马上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔细数一数石狮头上的卷毛疙瘩，你就会进一步认定品极;皇帝门口的石狮上有13排疙瘩，亲王12排，爵位越低，数量递减。

房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建了庆颐堂，模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫。皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这是其中的一条罪状。

Ladies and gentlemen

Now we come to Famen Temple, which is known as "the ancestor of GuanzhongPagoda Temple"

This is the gate square of Famen temple cultural scenic spot. It is locatedin Famen Town, 10 kilometers north of Fufeng County, 120 kilometers east ofXian city and 96 kilometers west of Baoji City.

In recent years, the Shaanxi government has devoted itself to buildingFamen Temple into a veritable Buddha capital of the world, making it the "secondcultural symbol of Shaanxi" after the terracotta warriors and horses. The Famentemple cultural scenic spot is composed of Shanmen square, Foguang Avenue, FamenTemple, Heshi relic tower, numerous artistic Buddha statues and gardensculptures. It comprehensively displays the achievements of Buddhist culture inphilosophy, politics and art, and highlights the splendid history and culture ofthe Chinese nation. Now in front of us is the Mountain Gate of Famen Temple,which is also known as the "three gates". You can see this

The three doors are big in the middle and small on both sides. The emptydoor is in the middle, and the Wuzuo door and Wuxiang door are on both sides. Wegenerally refer to becoming a monk as stepping into the empty door, probablyfrom this.

Famen Temple is famous for its placement of Sakyamunis Buddha finger relicsince ancient times

The gate temple is also built because of the relic and becomes a templebecause of the pagoda. In 485 BC, Sakyamuni Miedu, King Ashoka of the PeacockDynasty of Indias mogatuo state unified India. In order to promote Buddhism, heordered people to divide the Buddha bones into 84000 parts, which were stored invarious parts of the world, and built 84000 sitting towers. In China, there are19 Buddha finger relic towers, the fifth of which is Famen Temple envoy. It hasa history of more than 1700 years. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, it was calledasokang temple. In the Sui Dynasty, it was renamed Chengbao temple. In the TangDynasty, Li Yuan was renamed Famen Temple. During the 200 years of the TangDynasty, eight emperors successively opened the Underground Palace seven times,welcomed and sent off the Buddhas finger relic six times. Each time theywelcomed and sent off the Buddhas finger relic, they made a great impact on thegovernment and the public, and the emperor worshiped them. There was no otheremperor of high rank. During the reign of emperor Zong of Tang Dynasty, thepagoda of Famen Temple was regarded as the "real body pagoda" to protect thecountry. This shows how prosperous Famen Temple was in the Tang Dynasty. Butafter the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Famen Temple gradually declined.

During the Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty, after hundreds of years ofhistory, the four level wooden tower of the Tang Dynasty collapsed. Later, localgentlemen donated money to repair the tower. After 30 years, a 13 level bricktower with eight edges was built. However, in the Qing Dynasty, it was tiltedand cracked because of the earthquake. In 1939, under the leadership of Mr. Zhuziqiao, a patriot, the largest repair was completed in the late Ming Dynasty.But in 1981, the tower collapsed in half. In 1985, the local government preparedto rebuild it. In 1987, the underground palace was discovered by accident whileclearing the foundation of the tower. After the silence of 1113 years, 2999pieces of national treasures of the Tang Dynasty, surrounded by Buddhas realfinger bones, returned to the world. The rare treasures unearthed in theunderground palace are of great value in the study of Chinese social andpolitical history, cultural history, science and technology history, Chinese andforeign exchange history, art history and other aspects. Now lets go to theunderground palace to see the Buddha finger relic. The underground palace ofFamen Temple is the oldest, largest and highest level pagoda underground palacein the world. The Buddha finger relic unearthed from the underground palace isthe real body relic of Sakyamuni Buddha, which has been found in the world andconfirmed by documents and inscriptions. It is the highest sacred object in theBuddhist world. There are four Buddha finger relic, of which the third one isspirit bone, and the other three are shadow bone. Spirit bone is Sakyamunisreal Buddha finger, and the other three are imitated by Tang emperor in order toprotect spirit bone. Among more than 27000 coins unearthed from the undergroundpalace, 13 tortoiseshell Kaiyuan Tongbao coins are the earliest and uniquetortoiseshell coins found in the world. The 13 pieces of palace secret colorporcelain unearthed from the underground palace are the earliest in the worldand confirmed by inscriptions. Secret color porcelain is a kind of celadon,which is specially made for the royal family. Due to its complex process andsecret formula, it is called secret color porcelain. The double wheel 12 ringsunearthed from the underground palace

The big stick is the earliest, the largest, the highest grade and the mostexquisite Buddhist weapon found in the world. Then, some of the rare treasures Ijust mentioned have been looked at by you just now, and others are treasured inthe Famen Temple Museum nearby. Lets go and have a look.

Coming out of the underground palace, in front of it is the Hexi relictower of Famen Temple. It took three years to build. The tower is 148 metershigh. You can see that the shape of the tower is like the hands of Hexi. Doesthe hollow out part in the middle look like a traditional tower of the TangDynasty? The broad road we just walked is the Foguang Avenue. With a totallength of 1230 meters, a width of 108 meters and an area of about 140000 squaremeters, Foguang Avenue is not only a way to become a Buddha, but also the mainlandscape axis of the scenic spot. The two ends of Foguang Avenue are connectedwith Shanmen square and pilgrimage square, which can accommodate 100000 people.We compare the mountain gate to this shore, which is the present world. Theavenue of Buddhas light leads all living beings to the other shore, which meansthe ten stupas.

Now we come to the Famen Temple Museum, which consists of four exhibitionrooms: the historical exhibition of Famen Temple, the Buddhist cultureexhibition of Famen Temple, the mandala culture exhibition of Famen Temple andthe treasure exhibition of Famen Temple.

The historical display tube of Famen Temple mainly shows people thehistorical cause of the construction of Famen Temple and the historical objectsof the construction of Famen Temple in various historical dynasties

There are 44 national treasure level cultural relics and 99 first-classcultural relics in the Famen Temple Museum of Tang Dynasty treasures. It is thelargest proportion of Chinas treasure level cultural relics among the 88museums in Shaanxi Province. You can see the secret color porcelain I justmentioned here, and you can also see the treasures of Tang Dynasty silkproducts: gold cluster embroidery, which refers to the pattern of flowers formedby gold silk plate fixed to silk The top of the silk. Silk is not easy topreserve, many of them are weathered. The first thing that makes gold clusterembroidery valuable is that it is as well preserved as new. The second thing isits production technology. Now there are 20 gold threads in Japan and 70 inChina, but in the ancient Tang Dynasty, this drawing technology has reached6.

Next, lets visit the treasure Pavilion. One of them is the king of thefour drums and twelve rings. The so-called staff, in fact, is not made of tin,but when you shake it, it will make a sound. This staff is made of 2 taels ofgold and 58 taels of silver, which represents the highest mana in Buddhism.

Well, out of the treasure Pavilion, our trip to Famen Temple is coming toan end. I hope my explanation will leave you a good memory.

Tourists,

hello everyone! Today, we are going to visit Chaohu Lake, one of Chinasfive major freshwater lakes and a national key scenic spot. Before visiting, letme give you an overview of it. Chaohu Lake is located in the middle of AnhuiProvince. It is named after its bird nest shape. It is 54.5 kilometers long fromeast to west, 21 kilometers wide from north to south, and covers an area of morethan 800 square kilometers. Now it is the "Inner Lake" of Hefei. Since ancienttimes, it has the reputation of "eight hundred Li Lake sky". There are mountainsin the lake and water in the mountains. It is known for its beautiful scenery.Chaohu Lake is also a famous land of fish and rice. Its silverfish, white riceshrimp and crabs are known as "three treasures of Chaohu Lake".

Chaohu, also known as "Jiaohu". It is said that Chaohu was a state inancient times. One year when it was dry, xiaobailong secretly rained to get ridof the drought. He broke the rule of heaven and was banished to earth by theemperor of heaven. In order to repay her for saving her life, she told her thatthe emperor of heaven was going to sink into Chaozhou. She told the villagers intime to make them die. However, she delayed her escape and was drowned by theflood. Later, in order to commemorate the spirit of sacrificing herself forothers, people called the lake "Jiaohu" and named a mountain in the lake"Laoshan". Of course, this is only a legend. The real formation of Chaohu Lakeis the result of crustal movement.

Today, we mainly visit Zhongmiao, Laoshan island and yinpingshan peony.Dear tourists, our current location is Zhongmiao pier. This temple is Zhongmiao.Why is it called Zhongmiao? This ancient temple is named because it is locatedbetween Hefei and Chaohu Lake. It is known as "the most beautiful place in thelake". Due to the strong fragrance in the past dynasties, it is known as "SouthJiuhua, North Temple". The Zhongmiao temple was built in the Han Dynasty and hasa history of more than 20__ years. Since the Han Dynasty, it has been abandonedand repaired many times. In 1889, the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu,Li Hongzhang proposed to raise funds to build the temple. There were more than70 temples. Please have a look. Whats this? Yes, its a stick. Its used by theTaoist in the Taoist temple to hang incantations. As we all know, it is unlikelythat there is such a big stick in front of a Buddhist temple. It is said that itused to be a Taoist temple. At the beginning, it was Bixia Yuanjun, the "Empressof Zhongmiao" that we worship now. In the Wei, Jin, southern and NorthernDynasties, Buddhism began to prevail, Taoism gradually declined, so the originalTaoist temple became a Buddhist temple.

Ladies and gentlemen, please follow me. Now lets take a cruise to visitLaoshan island. Laoshan island is the largest of the three major islands inChaohu, about 3 kilometers away from Zhongmiao. There are more than 90 familiesand more than 200 people on the island. They live by fishing for a long time.The ecological environment of Laoshan island is very good, and the vegetationcoverage rate reaches 99%. The tower we see now is Wenfeng tower. Wenfeng towerwas built in the Chongzhen period of Ming Dynasty. When it was built on thefourth floor, it was shut down because of the peasant uprising. During the reignof Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, local squires lobbied Li Hongzhang tosay: Li Zhongtang, our temple, has a local saying that "the top of MountLaoshan, the top of Luzhou". Li Hongzhang, a native of Luzhou, who is now fromHefei, was very happy after hearing this, so he decided to raise money to buildthe pagoda and named it "Wenfeng pagoda". Wenfeng tower is now seven storyoctagonal, 133 steps, 51 meters high, the top of the tower inlaid with LiHongzhang. Standing on the tower, you can see shoshan and Gushan.

Ladies and gentlemen, after visiting Laoshan Island, we are going to visitYinping mountain peony. When it comes to peony, you will think of many poemsabout peony. One of them is "natural beauty, people cant give up, and the earthnurtures the famous flower, and the guest comes". Today, we come to Yinpingmountain to enjoy the magic peony. Please look in the direction of my finger.There are four big characters on the cliff which is tens of feet high: strangeflowers on the silver screen. There is a cluster of flowers 1.5 meters above the"strange" character. This is the wild white peony on the silver screen, which isthe "most wonderful flower in the world". Every year, in the rainy season, theflowers are in full bloom,

People from all over the world will come here to watch peonies. It is saidthat this wild white peony has magical aura, which can predict the year sceneryand drought and flood situation from its blooming and withering, more and less:for example, five flowers bloom, good weather and good harvest; flowers bloomearly and wither early, there will be drought and so on. Therefore, the localpeople call her "weather flower" and "God flower". In 1998, the Institute ofbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences calculated that this wild white peonymay be the ancestor of the existing tree peony, and it is also the only and lasttree in the world, which has been included in the Chinese famous placesdictionary.

Well, todays visit ends here. I hope todays visit will leave you a goodand deep memory! thank you!

Have your friends:

Rest well last night? After last nights rest, we all have. Then our spirit one hundred times to the scenic spot of today. The magnificent Yangtze river three gorges and my service will bring you a pleasant journey.

Someone said: "dont walk in the three gorges, not been to the Yangtze river. Dont swim in the three gorges, not understanding the Yangtze river." By the time we are about to set sail, xiao Yang to the whole situation of the Yangtze river three gorges do a simple introduction to you all.

First of all I want for you to introduce the three gorges, Yangtze river is the longest river in China, is the worlds third longest river, it is second only to the Nile river in Africa and the amazon river in South America, mount tunggula of its source on qinghai-tibet plateau in China through qinghai, Tibet, yunnan, sichuan, chongqing, hubei, hunan, jiangxi, anhui, jiangsu, Shanghai and other 11 provinces and autonomous regions, and finally into the east China sea, the total length of 6300 km, the Yangtze basin accounts for 1/5 of the land area in China, the Yangtze river is divided into three sections, yichang above for upstream, yichang to middle of bayou, 13 below for downstream.

The Yangtze river three gorges is composed of qutang gorge, wu gorge, xiling. It stretches from chongqing fengjie treasure and ends at nanjinguan yichang in hubei province, the total length of 193 km, is one of the top ten scenic spots in China, as the saying goes. The chongqing to tour the Yangtze river three gorges, is a lifelong regret.

We have already cant wait to visit! Ok, we ship with 5 minutes are going to reach the destination. Please prepare, carrying their belongings as well, especially valuables, must not be forgotten in the boat, ready to get out, thank you!

莫高窟属全国重点文物保护单位，俗称千佛洞，坐落在河西走廊西端的敦煌，以精美的壁画和塑像闻名于世。它始建于十六国的前秦时期，历经十六国、北朝、隋、唐、五代、西夏、元等历代的兴建，形成巨大的规模，现有洞窟735个，壁画4.5万平方米、泥质彩塑2415尊，是世界上现存规模最大、内容最丰富的佛教艺术圣地。近代以来又发现了藏经洞，内有5万多件古代文物，由此衍生专门研究藏经洞典籍和敦煌艺术的学科——敦煌学。但在近代，莫高窟受到骗取、盗窃，文物大量流失，其宝藏遭到严重破坏。1961年，莫高窟被中华人民共和国国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位之一。1987年，莫高窟被列为世界文化遗产。是中国四大石窟之一，四大石窟还有：龙门石窟、云冈石窟和麦积山石窟。

【沿革概述】

莫高窟位于中国甘肃省敦煌市东南25公里处的鸣沙山东麓断崖上，前临宕泉河，面向东，南北长1680米，高50米。洞窟分布高低错落、鳞次栉比，上、下最多有五层。它始建于十六国时期，据唐《李克让重修莫高窟佛龛碑》的记载，前秦建元二年(366年)，僧人乐僔路经此山，忽见金光闪耀，如现万佛，于是便在岩壁上开凿了第一个洞窟。此后法良禅师等又继续在此建洞修禅，称为“漠高窟”，意为“沙漠的高处”。后世因“漠”与“莫”通用，便改称为“莫高窟”。北魏、西魏和北周时，统治者崇信佛教，石窟建造得到王公贵族们的支持，发展较快。隋唐时期，随着丝绸之路的繁荣，莫高窟更是兴盛，在武则天时有洞窟千余个。安史之乱后，敦煌先后由吐蕃和归义军占领，但造像活动未受太大影响。北宋、西夏和元代，莫高窟渐趋衰落，仅以重修前朝窟室为主，新建极少。元朝以后，随着丝绸之路的废弃，莫高窟也停止了兴建并逐渐湮没于世人的视野中。直到清康熙四十年(1720xx年)后，这里才重新为人注意。近代，人们通常称其为“千佛洞”。

莫高窟现存北魏至元的洞窟735个，分为南北两区。南区是莫高窟的主体，为僧侣们从事宗教活动的场所，有487个洞窟，均有壁画或塑像。北区有248个洞窟，其中只有5个存在壁画或塑像，而其它的都是僧侣修行、居住和亡后掩埋场所，有土炕、灶炕、烟道、壁龛、台灯等生活设施。两区共计492个洞窟存在壁画和塑像，有壁画4.5万平方米、泥质彩塑2415尊、唐宋木构崖檐5个，以及数千块莲花柱石、铺地花砖等。

【艺术特色】

莫高窟是一座融绘画、雕塑和建筑艺术于一体，以壁画为主、塑像为辅的大型石窟寺。它的石窟形制主要有禅窟、中心塔柱窟、殿堂窟、中心佛坛窟、四壁三龛窟、大像窟、涅磐窟等。各窟大小相差甚远，最大的第16窟达268平方米，最小的第37窟高不盈尺。窟外原有木造殿宇，并有走廊、栈道等相连，现多已不存。

莫高窟壁画绘于洞窟的四壁、窟顶和佛龛内，内容博大精深，主要有佛像、佛教故事、佛教史迹、经变、神怪、供养人、装饰图案等七类题材，此外还有很多表现当时狩猎、耕作、纺织、交通、战争、建设、舞蹈、婚丧嫁娶等社会生活各方面的画作。这些画有的雄浑宽广，有的鲜艳瑰丽，体现了不同时期的艺术风格和特色。中国五代以前的画作已大都散失，莫高窟壁画为中国美术史研究提供了重要实物，也为研究中国古代风俗提供了极有价值的形象和图样。据计算，这些壁画若按2米高排列，可排成长达25公里的画廊。

莫高窟所处山崖的土质较松软，并不适合制作石雕，所以莫高窟的造像除四座大佛为石胎泥塑外，其余均为木骨泥塑。塑像都为佛教的神佛人物，排列有单身像和群像等多种组合，群像一般以佛居中，两侧侍立弟子、菩萨等，少则3身，多则达11身。彩塑形式有圆塑、浮塑、影塑、善业塑等。这些塑像精巧逼真、想象力丰富、造诣极高，而且与壁画相融映衬，相得益彰。

它是一个九层的遮檐，也叫“北大像”，正处在崖窟的中段，与崖顶等高，巍峨壮观。其木构为土红色，檐牙高啄，外观轮廓错落有致，檐角系铃，随风作响。其间有弥勒佛坐像，高35.6米，由石胎泥塑彩绘而成，是中国国内仅次于乐山大佛和荣县大佛的第三大坐佛。容纳大佛的空间下部大而上部小，平面呈方形。楼外开两条通道，既可供就近观赏大佛，又是大佛头部和腰部的光线来源。这座窟檐在唐文德元年(888年)以前就已存在，当时为5层，北宋乾德四年(966年)和清代都进行了重建，并改为4层。1935年再次重修，形成现在的9层造型。

莫高窟的壁画上，处处可见漫天飞舞的美丽飞天——敦煌市的城雕也是一个反弹琵琶的飞天仙女的形象。飞天是侍奉佛陀和帝释天的神，能歌善舞。墙壁之上，飞天在无边无际的茫茫宇宙中飘舞，有的手捧莲蕾，直冲云霄;有的从空中俯冲下来，势若流星;有的穿过重楼高阁，宛如游龙;有的则随风漫卷，悠然自得。画家用那特有的蜿蜒曲折的长线、舒展和谐的意趣，呈献给人们一个优美而空灵的想象世界。

艳丽的色彩，飞动的线条，在这些西北的画师对理想天国热烈和动情的描绘里，我们似乎感受到了他们在大漠荒原上纵骑狂奔的不竭激情，或许正是这种激情，才孕育出壁画中那样张扬的想象力量吧!

【风格演变】

莫高窟现存有壁画和雕塑的492个石窟，大体可分为四个时期：北朝、隋唐、五代和宋、西夏和元。

开凿于北朝时期的洞窟共有36个，其中年代最早的第268窟、第272窟、第275窟可能建于北凉时期。窟形主要是禅窟、中心塔柱窟和殿堂窟，彩塑有圆塑和影塑两种，壁画内容有佛像、佛经故事、神怪、供养人等。这一时期的影塑以飞天、供养菩萨和千佛为主，圆塑最初多为一佛二菩萨组合，后来又加上了二弟子。塑像人物体态健硕，神情端庄宁静，风格朴实厚重。壁画前期多以土红色为底色，再以青绿褚白等颜色敷彩，色调热烈浓重，线条纯朴浑厚，人物形象挺拔，有西域佛教的特色。西魏以后，底色多为白色，色调趋于雅致，风格洒脱，具有中原的风貌。典型洞窟有第249窟、第259窟、第285窟、第428窟等。如第243石窟北魏时代的释家牟尼塑像，巍然端坐，身上斜披印度袈裟，头顶扎扁圆形发髻，保留着犍陀罗样式。

隋唐是莫高窟发展的全盛时期，现存洞窟有300多个。禅窟和中心塔柱窟在这一时期逐渐消失，而同时大量出现的是殿堂窟、佛坛窟、四壁三龛窟、大像窟等形式，其中殿堂窟的数量最多。塑像都为圆塑，造型浓丽丰满，风格更加中原化，并出现了前代所没有的高大塑像。群像组合多为七尊或者九尊，隋代主要是一佛、二弟子、二菩萨或四菩萨，唐代主要是一佛、二弟子、二菩萨和二天王，有的还再加上二力士。这一时期的莫高窟壁画题材丰富、场面宏伟、色彩瑰丽，美术技巧达到空前的水平。如中唐时期制作的第79窟胁侍菩萨像中的样式。上身裸露，作半跪坐式。头上合拢的两片螺圆发髻，是唐代平民的发式。脸庞、肢体的肌肉圆润，施以粉彩，肤色白净，表情随和温存。虽然眉宇间仍点了一颗印度式红痔，却更像生活中的真人。还有在第159窟中，也是胁侍菩萨。一位上身赤裸，斜结璎珞，右手抬起，左手下垂，头微向右倾，上身有些左倾，胯部又向右突，动作协调，既保持平衡，又显露出女性化的优美身段。另外一位菩萨全身著衣，内外几层表现清楚，把身体结构显露得清晰可辨。衣褶线条流利，色彩艳丽绚烂，配置协调，身材修长，比例恰当，使人觉得这是两尊有生命力的“活像”。

五代和宋时期的洞窟现存有100多个，多为改建、重绘的前朝窟室，形制主要是佛坛窟和殿堂窟。从晚唐到五代，统治敦煌的张氏和曹氏家族均崇信佛教，为莫高窟出资甚多，因此供养人画像在这个阶段大量出现并且内容也很丰富。塑像和壁画都沿袭了晚唐的风格，但愈到后期，其形式就愈显公式化，美术技法水平也有所降低。这一时期的典型洞窟有第61窟和第98窟等，其中第61窟的地图《五台山图》是莫高窟最大的壁画，高5米，长13.5米，绘出了山西五台山周边的山川形胜、城池寺院、亭台楼阁等，堪称恢宏壮观。

莫高窟现存西夏和元代的洞窟有85个。西夏修窟77个，多为改造和修缮的前朝洞窟，洞窟形制和壁画雕塑基本都沿袭了前朝的风格。一些西夏中期的洞窟出现回鹘王的形象，可能与回鹘人有关。而到了西夏晚期，壁画中又出现了西藏密宗的内容。元代洞窟只有8个，全部是新开凿的，出现了方形窟中设圆形佛坛的形制，壁画和雕塑基本上都和西藏密宗有关。典型洞窟有第3窟、第61窟和第465窟等。

藏经洞

1920xx年，在莫高窟居住的道士王圆箓为了将已被遗弃许久的部分洞窟改建为道观，而进行大规模的清扫。当他在为第16窟(现编号)清除淤沙时，偶然发现了北侧甬道壁上的一个小门，打开后，出现一个长宽各2.6米、高3米的方形窟室(现编号为第17窟)，内有从4世纪到11世纪(即十六国到北宋)的历代文书和纸画、绢画、刺绣等文物5万多件，这就是著名的“藏经洞”。

藏经洞藏经洞的内壁绘菩提树、比丘尼等图像，中有一座禅床式低坛，上塑一位高僧洪辨的坐相，另有一通石碑，似未完工。从洞中出土的文书来看，最晚的写于北宋年间，且不见西夏文字，因此可推断藏经洞是公元11世纪时，莫高窟的僧人们为躲避西夏军队，在准备逃难时所封闭的。

莫高窟藏经洞是中国考古史上的一次非常重大的发现，其出土文书多为写本，少量为刻本，汉文书写的约占六分之五，其它则为古代藏文、梵文、齐卢文、粟特文、和阗文、回鹘文、龟兹文等。文书内容主要是佛经，此外还有道经、儒家经典、小说、诗赋、史籍、地籍、帐册、历本、契据、信札、状牒等，其中不少是孤本和绝本。这些对研究中国和中亚地区的历史，都具有重要的史料和科学价值，并由此形成了一门以研究藏经洞文书和敦煌石窟艺术为主的学科——敦煌学。

破坏情况

莫高窟在元代以后已很少为人所知，几百年里基本保存了原貌。但自藏经洞被发现后，旋即吸引来许多西方的考古学家和探险者，他们以极低廉的价格从王圆箓处获得了大量珍贵典籍和壁画，运出中国或散落民间，严重破坏了莫高窟和敦煌艺术的完整性。

1920xx年，英国考古学家马尔克·奥莱尔·斯坦因在进行第二次中亚考古旅行时，沿着罗布泊南的古丝绸之路，来到了敦煌。当听说莫高窟发现了藏经洞后，他找到王圆箓，表示愿意帮助兴修道观，取得了王的信任。于是斯坦因就被允许进入藏经洞拣选文书，他最终只用了200两银两，便换取了24箱写本和5箱其他艺术品带走。1920xx年，斯坦因再次来到莫高窟，又以500两银两向王圆箓购得了570段敦煌文献。这些藏品大都捐赠给了大英博物馆和印度的一些博物馆。大英博物馆现拥有与敦煌相关的藏品约1.37万件，是世界上收藏敦煌文物最多的地方，但近年来由于该馆对中国文物的保护不力甚至遭致失窃，因而受到不少指责。

1920xx年，精通汉学的法国考古学家伯希和在得知莫高窟发现古代写本后，立即从迪化赶到敦煌。他在洞中拣选了三星期，最终以600两银两为代价，获取了1万多件堪称菁华的敦煌文书，后来大都入藏法国国立图书馆。

1920xx年，伯希和在北京向一些学者出示了几本敦煌珍本，这立即引起学界的注意。他们向清朝学部上书，要求甘肃和敦煌地方政府马上清点藏经洞文献，并运送进京。清廷指定由甘肃布政使何彦升负责押运。但在清点前，王圆箓便已将一部分文物藏了起来，押运沿途也散失了不少，到了北京后，何彦升和他的亲友们又自己攫取了一些。于是，1920xx年发现的五万多件藏经洞文献，最终只剩下了8757件入藏京师图书馆，现均存于中国国家图书馆。

对于流失在中国民间的敦煌文献，有一部分后来被收藏者转卖给了日本藏家，也有部分归南京国立中央图书馆，但更多的已难以查找。王圆箓藏匿起来的写本，除了卖给斯坦因一部分以外，其他的也都在1920xx年和1920xx年卖给了日本的探险家吉川小一郎和橘瑞超。1920xx年，俄罗斯佛学家奥尔登堡对已经搬空的藏经洞进行了挖掘，又获得了一万多件文物碎片，目前藏于俄罗斯科学院东方学研究所。

近代，除了藏经洞文物受到瓜分，敦煌壁画和塑像也蒙受了巨大的损失，目前所有唐宋时期的壁画均已不在敦煌。伯希和与1920xx年到来的哈佛大学兰登·华尔纳先后利用胶布粘取了大批有价值壁画，有时甚至只揭取壁画中的一小块图像，严重损害了壁画的完整性。王圆箓为打通部分洞窟也毁坏了不少壁画。1920xx年，莫高窟曾一度关押了数百名俄罗斯沙皇军队士兵，他们在洞窟中烟熏火燎，破坏不小。1940年代，张大千在此描摹壁画时，发现部分壁画有内外两层，他便揭去外层以观赏内层，这种做法后来引发了争议，直到现在依然争论不休。

【历史现状】

敦煌自古以来就是丝绸之路上的重镇，一度颇为繁华，周边石窟寺亦颇多。除了莫高窟，还有西千佛洞、榆林窟及东千佛洞等，共同组成了敦煌石窟群，其中西千佛洞和东千佛洞通常被看作是莫高窟和榆林窟的分支。西千佛洞位于莫高窟西南30余公里的党河北岸崖壁上，呈东西向排列，全长2.5公里，现存北魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、西夏、元的洞窟22个、壁画约800平方米、彩塑34身，它的洞窟形制、塑像和壁画的题材内容、艺术风格均与莫高窟十分相似，但由于历史上的保护不周，目前残损坍塌较甚。

虽然早在20世纪初就有罗振玉、王国维、刘半农等人在北京、伦敦、巴黎等各地收集、抄录敦煌文献，但对莫高窟的真正保护开始于1940年代。1941年至1943年著名画家张大千对洞窟进行了断代、编号和壁画描摹。1943年，国民政府将莫高窟收归国有，设立敦煌艺术研究所，由常书鸿任所长，对敦煌诸石窟进行系统性的保护、修复和研究工作。1950年，研究所改名为敦煌文物研究所，依然由常书鸿主持，到1966年以前，已加固了约400个洞窟，抢修了5座唐宋木构窟檐，并将周边10余平方公里划定为保护范围。1984年，中国政府进一步将敦煌文物研究所升格为敦煌研究院，充实了科技力量，开展治沙工程，积极利用数字化技术和其他技术来加强保护工作。由于呼吸产生的二氧化碳对壁画会产生潜在性的破坏，近年造访莫高窟人数增加，因此对日常参观人数应该加以限制。

莫高窟堪称世界最大的艺术宝库之一。

【屈辱简史】

光绪二十六年(公元1920xx年)道士王圆箓发现"藏经洞"，洞内藏有写经、文书和文物四万多件。此后莫高窟更为引人注目。

1907、1920xx年英国的斯坦因两次掠走遗书、文物一万多件。

1920xx年法国人伯希和从藏经洞中拣选文书中的精品，掠走约5000件。

1920xx年藏经洞中的劫余写经，大部分运至北京，交京师图书馆收藏。

1920xx年日本人橘瑞超和吉川小一郎从王道士处，弄走约600件经卷。

1920xx年俄国人奥尔登堡又从敦煌拿走一批经卷写本，并进行洞窟测绘，还盗走了第263窟的壁画。

1920xx年美国人华尔纳用特制的化学胶液，粘揭盗走莫高窟壁画26块。、

他们都以少量的银元，带走了大量的中国的灿烂文化。

注：

王道士

藏经洞发现之后，王道士尽了最大的努力，做了他应该做的一切。首先，徒步行走50里，赶往县城去找敦煌县令严泽，并奉送了取自于藏经洞的两卷经文。王道士的目的很明确，就是为了引起这位官老爷的重视。可惜的是这位姓严的知县不学无术，只不过把这两卷经文视作两张发黄的废纸而已。

1920xx年，敦煌又来了一位新知县汪宗翰。汪知县是位进土，对金石学也很有研究。王道士向汪知县报告了藏经洞的情况。汪知县当即带了一批人马，亲去莫高窟察看，并顺手拣得几卷经文带走。留下一句话，让王道士就地保存，看好藏经洞。

两次找知县没有结果，王圆箓仍不甘心。于是，他又从藏经洞中挑拣了两箱经卷，赶着毛驴奔赴肃州(酒泉)。他风餐露宿，单枪匹马，冒着狼吃匪抢的危险，行程800多里，才到达目的地，找到了时任安肃兵备道的道台廷栋。这位廷栋大人浏览了一番，最后得出结论：经卷上的字不如他的书法好，就此了事。

几年过去了，时任甘肃学政的金石学家叶昌炽知道了藏经洞的事，对此很感兴趣，并通过汪知县索取了部分古物，遗憾的是，他没有下决心对藏经洞采取有效的保护措施。直到1920xx年，省府才下令敦煌检点经卷就地保存。这一决定和汪知县当初的说法一样，都是把责任一推了之。王圆箓无法可想，又斗胆给清宫的老佛爷写了秘报信。然而，大清王朝正在风雨飘摇之际，深居清宫的官员哪望能顾得上这等“小事”。王圆箓的企盼如泥牛入海，杳无音信。

1920xx年，斯坦因到来，他通过宗教精神的交流将王道士俘虏了。斯坦因说：“道士之敬奉玄奘，在石窟寺对面新建凉廊上的绘画有显明的证据，所画的都是一些很荒唐的传说……我用我那很有限的中国话向王道士述说我自己之崇奉玄奘，以及我如何循着他的足迹，从印度横越峻岭荒漠，以至于此的经过，他显然是为我所感动了。”

当时王道士把经卷卖给斯但因有三方面的原因：一是在长达7年的时间里，他多次求助官方予以重视，而且是逐级上报，但无人过问，致使他灰了心。二是为了完成他的宏愿，清扫洞窟，修建三层楼，架设木桥。三是唐玄奘沟通了他们的思想，斯坦因这个探险家追求事业的精神感动了他。因此他虽则思想极为矛盾，极不愿意外国人将这些文物带走，但在无奈的情况下，也只好让了步。

当斯坦因把敦煌文物宣传于全世界之时，当朝命官这才懂得了其重要价值，但他们不是考虑如何地保护它，而是千万百计窃为己有。因此，一时间偷窃成风，敦煌卷子流失严重，这是敦煌卷子自发现以后最大的劫难，后来连醉心于壁画的张大千也加入了破坏的行列。1920xx年清政府作出决定，把剩余的敦煌卷子全部运往北京保存。在运送的路途中，几乎每到一处都失窃一部分。

大量经卷的散失，曾经使王圆箓感到非常痛心，因为藏经洞是他发现的，多年来在他保管期间从未发生过无故大量散失的事，官方如此掠夺，又如此贪心，使他感到极大的愤慨。所以，当1920xx年斯但因第二次到莫高窟后，王圆箓对他说了一段令人深思的话，《斯坦因西域考古记》是这样记述的：“说到官府搬运他所钟爱的中文卷子致受损伤，他表示后悔当时没有勇气和胆识，听从蒋师爷的话，受了我那一笔大款子，将整个藏书全让给我。受了这次官府的骚扰之后，他怕极了，于是，将他所视为特别有价值的中文写本另外藏在一所安全的地方。”

九华山英文导游词

good morning! ladies and gentlemen! today, with such great joy, on behalf of anhui travel agency. i’d like to extend our warm welcome to all of you, our distinguished guest from the other side of the pacific. please allow me to introduce myself. my name is li xin and i work for anhui travel agency .during your short stay in jiuhuashan, i’ll be your local guide. it’s my honor to be of your service. if you have any request, go ahead! i’ll try my best to help you and make your stay comfortable!

it’s my honor to be of your service. if you have any special interest, please let me know, and i highly appreciate your understanding and cooperation.

ok, now we are heading for mt.jiuhua, which is known as one of the four buddhist mountains in china. it’s about 30 minutes’ bus ride. on the way you can enjoy the beautiful scenery and i’d like to give you a brief introduction about mt.jiuhua.

mt.jiuhua was originally known as jiuzi (nine-peak) mount. li bai, a famous chinese poet over 1300 years ago wrote of the mountain: ”sailing on the yangtze river, watching mt.jiuhua from after, green water falls from the sky, nine lotuses appear in the air.” this expresses the poet’s great admiration for mt.jiuhua. from then on, the mountain was renamed as mt.jiuhua.

mt.jiuhua covers more than 100 square kilometers in area, which has been known to have 99 peaks, and the main peak of the shiwang peak is 1342m above sea level. mt.jiuhua is full of waterfalls, streams, exotic-looking boulders, ancient caves, old pines and exuberant bamboo. with the richly variegated landscape, the ancient temples are tucked away amid the dense woods and the air reverberates with the tolling of the bells at dawn and dusk. mt.jiuhua is usually known as the no.1 mountain of the southeast.

ok, i have said too much about the mt.jiuhua, and i expect you have got a general idea about it. seeing is beliving. i’m sure you will learn a lot about chinese culture and buddhism after the visit, and you will also be impressed deeply by the wonderful scenery. let’s get off the bus and bring your camera. i’ll show you around the scenic areas.

look! so many monks, why? yes, that’s it! because mt.jiuhua is a buddhist mountain. especially on july 30th of chinese lunar is the birthday of earch buddha, and a great buddhist ceremony is held on this day. around that day every year, the mountain is the site of a temple fair. a large number of monks, nuns, pilgrims and visitors come to burn incense, chant and sacrifice food. the activities of each year are different. though today is not the festival, we can also enjoy the beautiful scenery. they are: sunrise at tiantai platform, evening bell of huacheng temple, sitting on east stone with pleasure, fairy mark of tianzhu, taoyan waterfall, clouds around lotus peak and phoenix pine.

ok, here we are, this is huacheng temple of jiuhua street. it was the first and oldest of all the temples of mt.jiuhua. over 1500 years ago, monk beidu built a simple temple here. then after 300 years it was reconstructed and named huacheng temple.

you see it lies a round plaza. look at the center! what do you see? yeah! it is a crescent shaped lotus pond named “crescent moon pond” you can go towards it, what do you see? it is believed that monk jin qiaojue used to free captive fish. ok, now i say some brief introduction about it and then you can go around it. we’ll gather here after one hour, ok? the temple consists of four parts: the lobby, the grand hall, the back hall and the scripture tower. the ground slopes up with each part and the whole layout is natural. the doors, windows, brackets, beams, columns, steps and the cornerstone are carved with exquisite designs. in the hall are preserved horizontal boards inscribed by emperor in ancient time.

ok! is everyone here? 1, 2, 3… ok, now, let’s go to see the phoenix pine, in minyuan scenic area. phoenix pine is over 1400 years old, and is one of the four decorative trees in anhui province.

after seeing phoenix pine, we’ll finish our travel, and on behalf of my company, my chinese colleagues and myself, i’d like to take this opportunity to express my thanks for your consideration, understanding, tolerance and cooperation.

灵渠位于桂林北部57公里处的“中国十大魅力古镇”——兴安县境内，全长37.4公里，建成于秦始皇33年(公元前220xx年)，是现存世界上最完整的古代水利工程，最古老的运河之一，与四川都江堰、陕西郑国渠齐名。当代著名学者郭沫若先生称之为“与长城南北相呼应，同为世界之奇观。”

灵渠由铧嘴、大小天平、南渠、北渠、泄水天平和陡门组成，设计科学，建筑精巧，铧嘴将湘江水三七分流，其中三分水向南流入漓江，七分水向北汇入湘江，沟通了长江、珠江两大水系，成为秦代以来中原与岭南的交通枢纽，为秦始皇统一中国起了重要作用。

灵渠两岸风景优美，文物古迹众多，尤其是水街的亭台楼榭、小桥流水、市井风情都鲜活地再现着千年历史文化，灵渠水街景区现已成为桂林著名的旅游胜地，是大桂林旅游圈中一颗璀璨的明珠。

天津英文导游词

Tianjin is a good choice as a travel destination. With its cool sea breeze and fresh sea air you will definitely feel refreshed. Historical relics, natural scenery, temples, churches, assembly halls and commemorative sites of the Chinese revolution will illuminate Tianjins past, present and future. Tianjin is honored as Building Museum as it was occupied by nine imperial powers before the founding of the new China, leaving behind many buildings with extraordinary and exotic architectural styles, a real feast for the eye! In the following text let me give you a brief introduction to the Jinmen Shijing (top ten scenic attractions in Tianjin).

Huangyaguan Great Wall :

Located in the mountainous area of Tianjins northern Ji County, the Huangyaguan Great Wall was first built during the Northern Qi Dynasty (550 - 557) and repaired in large scale with bricks during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). When appointed as the chief commanding officer in the Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons of the Ming Dynasty), Qi Jiguang added watch towers and other defensive works.

The Huangyaguan Great Wall comes out first in the ten most-visited sites in Tianjin. It is considered to be a miniature of the Great Wall. The entire section is built on an abrupt mountain ridge. Being endowed with both natural beauty and cultural interest, it has become famous as a natural beauty spot and a summer resort. The major scenic area is composed of Huangyaguan Pass and Taiping Mountain Stronghold.

Huangyaguan Pass: In 1984, the people of Tianjin spent three years repairing 3,308 yards of the main wall from Banlagang Mountain in the east to Wangmaoding Mountain in the west. They restored 20 terraces, the Huangyaguan Water Gate, and the Bagua Castle (the Eight Diagrams Castle). The defensive system of the wall is complete. Watch towers, frontier cities, drain holes, emplacements, barracks and other indispensable military facilities are arranged orderly along the wall. Besides, the stele forests of the Great Wall, Beiji Temple, the exhibition hall of famous couplets, the Great Wall Museum (the first museum along the Great Wall) and the Phoenix Fortress have been newly built within the area.

Taipingzhai Great Wall :

Six miles southeast of Huangyaguan Pass is the Taipingzhai Great Wall, another important mountain stronghold of the wall during the Ming Dynasty (1368 - 1644). It is also called Taipinganzhai, meaning "a village of peace and prosperity". Starting from Banlagang Mountain in the east and arriving at Guafu Tower (Widow Tower) in the west, it winds through the precipitous mountains for about 955 yards.

The wall is an important component of Huangyaguan Great Wall. There are six watch towers, one battlement, and one shortcut leading to the wall. The architectural styles of the military towers vary considerably. There are square, round, solid and hollow towers, with some inside and others outside the wall. Beside the shortcut, there is a small citadel where an 8.5-meter statue of Qi Jiguang, the chief commanding officer of Ji Garrison (one of the eleven garrisons in the Ming Dynasty) is located. The local people built this statue in order to commemorate his great contribution to frontier peace and stability in that period. To the west of the citadel, a section of the wall extends 33 yards out to where a sentry post was situated.

At the western end of the wall is a square stone tower called Guafu Tower, "Widow Tower" in English, built by twelve wives whose husbands died during the construction of the wall in the Ming Dynasty. The widows erected this tower to commemorate their husbands notable exploits. The tower has two levels and measures 13-meters (14-yards) high. Arched arrow windows are on the four sides of the tower.

Besides these cultural points of interest, Taipingzhai Great Wall is also famous for its amazingly impressive scenery. Zigzagging along the mountain ridge for over 984 yards, the wall looks very much like a giant dragon flying through clouds.

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4 of qinghai lake also known as the "silo", namely the Mongolian "blue sea" meaning. It is located in the northeast of qinghai lake qinghai basin, is Chinas largest inland lake, is also Chinas largest salt water lake. By a large tongshan, riyue mountain of qilian mountain and qinghai nanshan between fault depression formation. Qinghai lake in the world record association, Chinas largest salt water lake, the largest inland lake in China. Qinghai lake has a number of China, qinghai lake is the national AAAAA level national natural scenic spot. Scenic spots in qinghai lake in different season, the scenery is very different. Around the summer and fall, when the lofty mountains and vast grasslands with green, in the west bank of qinghai lake in the beautiful scenery, day high air, the scenery is very beautiful.

Big ups and downs of the prairie is like a blanket covered with a thick layer of green, the colorful flowers, the green blanket ornament like brocade satin, countless cattle and sheep and a sleek Cong dappled horse is like a colorful pearls with grassland; Lake large tidy picturesque farmland moved back, cauliflower FanJin, aromatic; The laps, yt of qinghai lake, as if a congested glass nectar in gently. And the cold of winter, when the arrival of a cold snap, surrounded by mountains and the plains become a piece of yellow, sometimes with a thick layer of silver. Every year in November, qinghai lake began to freeze, the vast BiCheng lake, ice jade, white, like a huge mirrors, in the sun yi yi is ablaze, adorned with all day long. Qinghai lake qinghai lake, bird island in the sea heart mountain and bird island is a tourist attraction. Sea heart mountain is also called the great scholar island, covers an area of about 1 square km. Rocky coastlines on the island, boasts beautiful scenery and is famous for producing great scholar. Located in the west of qinghai lake, bird island in the empty into the lake of the Yangtse River, near the river, it covers an area of only 0.5 square kilometers, the spring and summer home to more than 100000 birds. Best travel time qinghai lake has a plateau continental climate, sufficient sunshine, the sunshine; Determination of summer cool, warm short and long cold season, the spring wind and sandstorm; Less rainfall, rain heat the same season, dry and wet season.

The four seasons are suitable for tourism. Historical and cultural offerings sea is sacrifice to qinghai lake, the first is the traditional Mongolian. Mongols original beliefs shamanism, believe all things have spirit, especially that day is the supreme god. In the yuan dynasty, Mongolian have worship, sacrifice, sacrifice of the sea customs, since the qing dynasty ritual activities of qinghai lake are far bigger and more rich religious color. At the same time, the area surrounding the tibetans also took part in the ritual activities. Qinghai lake the sea, is not only a kind of folk custom activity with strong religious content, but also a cultural phenomenon, which contains many folk customs, also expressed good wishes of people and the nature harmonious coexistence. In 20xx, qinghai lake the sea for the second batch of state-level non-material cultural heritage list. The sacrifices of large-scale sea activities originated in the yongzheng period. Yongzheng two years, qinghai Mongolian leader Dan jin qing insurgency, stress the auspicious to revolt, encroach on harassment around qinghai, general NianGengYao special riot led troops. Didnt chase the rebels to qinghai lake, the army of the drinking water is not enough.

To know qinghai lake is a lake, so big forces in qinghai lake was big and funk. In general is worried, there came a group of cavalry. As it happens, there are several horseshoe son just set foot on the ground in the spring, fresh water spewing out immediately! General: this is qinghai lake gods to bless us! Soldiers morale, immediately muster, annihilated the rebels. After yongzheng emperor heard, greatly happy, sealing spirit xuanwei qinghai lake, a letter to the royal give a god, turn transfer station in qinghai, to add to the temple and in a letter to the sea every year autumn August (lunar July 15) the sea on a regular basis, not wrong, massive began offering sea campaign.

About chongqing cities first. Billed as the "mountain city" of chongqing, really liked. The city built around the mountain, so the road is not like our suzhou made peace, but the ups and downs. There, you are hardly out of difficulty, is going downhill. If you want to compare the two houses of the high and low is very difficult, because that the foundations of the house were not the same level. Chongqing is a city on a three-dimensional, three-dimensional, once I was walking by the road, I saw a roadside hotel, went in to have a rest, drink a cup of coffee, that a stepped in, here is the 11th floor. Mentioned that the house, chongqing buildings more than suzhou, people walk in it, such as tunnel vision. Chongqing is a famous jiangbei, 26 meters high, that is the tallest building in the city of chongqing, but now surrounded by tall buildings, chicken is made a swoop. Chongqing night scene is beautiful, in the evening we go to the "tree" the view, standing on a mountain, the mountain city lights, hand in photograph reflect with river water. Which chongqing sheraton hotel building special type, like two big bamboo shoots, very funny.

Chongqing is famous for its food all over the world. Go to chongqing, my mother and I are deeply regrets, suzhou is really no good snacks. Chongqing cuisine stand much more special, variety, and the price is cheap. My mother and I all the way walk all the way to eat. I think is the most inexpensive corn crisp, 5 dollars can buy a big bag. I ate a lot of meat string, taste very sweet. The most memorable or old oil hot pot of chongqing. This hot pot we are in the roadside stalls to eat. The hot pot after nine, so also called scratchable latex hot pot. Put a lot of chili hot pot, but also good, no imagination of spicy. Hot pot in the old oil is really old, chopsticks dip out, have a few seconds, chopsticks, you married a thick layer of fat. Drop a drop of oil in the water, also like wax immediately condense into a block. It is said that the oil has been eaten N times, is not very health, but it tastes really good, we eat very comfortable.

Because of the time, we only went to the ChaoTianMen in town, the jiangbei, HongYa hole, arhat temple, 18 ladder. Arhat temple is the most fun, there is a 500 arhat hall, lohan, of different fun. I also calculate life there, it is said that will dry out a career, but fortune-teller warned me, cant fall in love before starting work, ha ha! We only went to the outside "tiankeng" (claims to be the worlds second-largest tiankeng group). There is very far away from chongqing, three hours drive, but impressive view, worth a visit.

Chongqing dialect also has distinguishing feature very much, we can only communicate in mandarin there, chongqing people can understand basic mandarin, but all say not standard, we must be prepared to fight often can understand. If you ask I want to go to chongqing, Ill answer loudly: "be!

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to Fenghuang Mountain in Zhengzhou. Im your tourguide.

Next, Id like to introduce the basic situation of Fenghuang MountainScenic Spot: Fenghuang Mountain scenic spot is located in xiasigou village,Micun Town, Xinmi City, about 50 kilometers southwest of Zhengzhou, theprovincial capital. It is the afterblood of Songshan Mountain, commonly known asBeisong mountain, Fangshan Mountain and yuexifang, also known as Fuxi mountain.In fact, Fuxi, the forefather of the three emperors, is also called Fuxi,together with Nuwa who mends the sky and Shennong who tastes all kinds of herbs.Sima said that he was a snake and had great powers. Lets study his businesslater. Lets go back to reality. The geology and geomorphology here belongs tothe Proterozoic Songshan group. The altitude is 971 meters and the browsing areais about 20 square kilometers. The vegetation coverage is over 86%. Due to thelarge temperature difference and remarkable climate characteristics, it is verysuitable for the growth of a variety of wild animals and plants. According toincomplete statistics, there are more than 3600 kinds of plants, including 8rare plants (including spring chrysanthemum, rejuvenate grass, Ganodermalucidum, honeysuckle )There are 31 kinds of ancient and famous trees (includingdalongmu, hawthorn king, oak, boxing tree, Gleditsia sinensis, etc.) )Fenghuangmountain is a real natural forest park.

Fenghuangshan scenic spot can be visited all year round. In spring, flowersare in full bloom, refreshing. There are mainly mountain peach flower, wildapricot flower, pear flower, jasmine flower, Robinia flower, honeysuckle flower,forsythia flower and spring chrysanthemum, which are actually the world and seaof flowers. In midsummer, forests block out the sun, waterfalls, streams andpools become a great scenic spot of Xiangyu Grand Canyon. At this moment,Fenghuangshan people have no sultry and irritability of the city at all. You cansuck the fragrance and sweetness. In the golden autumn, the forests are dyed,the mountains are red, and the branches are bent with rich fruits. The scarletfruit, the crystal wild grape, the wild hawthorn and the wild chestnut can makeyou salivate. Its winter. The scenery of northern China is reincarnated. Ifyoure lucky, you can enjoy and photograph the pines. If its not strict but notcool, do you think youve arrived at the Songhua River?

At present, we mainly develop three tourist routes to Fenghuang Mountain:first, climb Fenghuang Mountain and Lianhua peak. 2、 Visit Phoenix River andtaste Phoenix spring. 3、 Visit Xiangyu temple and Xiangyu Grand Canyon. The mainscenic spots are: "double lion welcome", "Phoenix forest", "Phoenix Lake", "poorscholars study hard", "echo wall", "xiangshuitang", "shengzishi", "drunkdriving", "Dayu mountain", "lover stone", etc.

Tourists, lets look at the two stone lions here! These two lions have beenwaiting for us for a long time. Look! The lion inside is a little old andsleepy. He squats down to welcome the guests. The lion outside stands up andlooks up. Should we say hello to the two hosts and then take a picture withthem?

OK, lets move on with me. This place is a modern cultural site - Hongxingcanal. Through the two inscriptions of that year, we can see that the heroicspirit of "fighting with heaven and fighting with the earth" and the fearlessrevolutionary spirit of "the Red Army is not afraid of expeditions, andthousands of rivers and mountains are just waiting". During the period ofpeoples commune, there was a canal from yangjiamen to Jiazhai. Because of theanti imperialist and anti revisionist era, it was called "Red Star canal". Itmoved soil in the spring of 65, and nearly 100 migrant workers worked hard fortwo years. It was completed in October of 67, with a total length of 3620meters, all of which are made of stone.

Now we are in the Phoenix river. The path on this side of the river is aclimbing trail for us.

Before mountaineering, I would like to remind you that you must payattention to safety, do not crowd, do not casually throw stones and litter, soas to "see the scenery without walking, walk without seeing the scenery".

When you come to this place, I can introduce several kinds of Chineseherbal medicine and wild vegetables. If anyone is interested, you can dig a fewChinese herbal medicine and wild vegetables. First of all, lets introduce themountain leek, also known as Ze garlic, which grows mostly on the cliff or inthe shade of the mountain. You often eat mountain leek, which is better than redpeach K. At the same time, it also has the function of Tonifying the kidney andremoving dryness and heat, and has good curative effect on diarrhea. Fried eggswith leeks is a local specialty. Dont miss it at lunch time. You must try it.Ill introduce a rare Chinese medicine, Jiusi huanhun grass. Its commonly knownas dibaizhi, also known as Selaginella sinensis. Because it grows on cliffs andcan survive without rain for a long time, people call it Jiusi huanhun grass. Itis a kind of precious Chinese herbal medicine, with the effect of astringency,hemostasis, activating blood circulation and breaking blood. The main treatmentof amenorrhea, blood stasis, hemorrhoids bleeding, anal bleeding andhematochezia. The third is wild bayberry. It is also known as zhanci platformand Cimu platform. It mostly grows in bushes, roadsides and other places. Leavescan be harvested in summer, fruits can be harvested in autumn, and roots can beharvested in all seasons. Root: cold in nature and astringent in taste. It ismainly used for rheumatism, activating qi and blood, reducing defecation andstopping thirst. The fruit is warm and sour. It has the effect of dispellingrheumatism and benefiting joints. Well, Ill introduce these first, and letsmove on.

On the spirit turtle

Please pause. Lets enjoy the white stone on the road. Lets see what itlooks like. Yeah, like a turtle. However, the tortoise is standing there, Idont know whether it is to make way for us or what to look for. It is said thatthere is a curious little tortoise living in the area of Fenghuang mountain.Where it is quiet and where there are wonders, it will try its best to look forthem. The little tortoise heard that Dayu had carved a mountain spring in theXiangyu Grand Canyon of Fenghuang mountain, so he settled down there. Later, heheard that there were many strange flowers and plants on the lotus peak.Especially in the spring when all flowers are in full bloom, there are lots ofspring chrysanthemums on the lotus peak. The little turtle tries every means tolook for them. After appreciating the spring chrysanthemums, he goes here for amoment and doesnt know where to go. He is making a quiet choice between goingdown the River to play in the water or going up the mountain to explore. Thisscenic spot is called "spirit turtle exploring".

Bajie does not want to return

Please have a look at this strange stone on the mountain. Is it like thenaughty Bajie among the four disciples of Tang Monk looking up to the west?Bajie looks southwest with great interest. Friends, guess what Bajie is lookingat? By the way, he is looking at the beautiful scenery of Fenghuang mountain. Itis said that the four masters and disciples of Tang Monk Xi Tian passed by andsent Bajie to explore the way before. Bajie was deeply attracted by thebeautiful scenery in front of him. He sat here for a long time to enjoy andforget to return. Besides, Monk Tang waited for Bajie for a long time, butmonkey sun came to look for him. Seeing that Bajie had been sitting here for along time, he thought, "whats the new idea of the old pig?" so he hid andwatched the change. Which friend saw our sun Dasheng? Yes, its behind Bajie!Look, sun Dasheng is hiding behind the stone. We call this scenic spot "Bajiedoes not want to return".

Spring Chrysanthemum Garden (may snow)

Lets move on, and we will soon enjoy the "spring Chrysanthemum Garden".Spring chrysanthemum is not only ornamental, but also medicinal. Its leaves andflowers can make tea. After drinking, it can sober up the mind, clear away heatand toxin. Its stem can be used as high-grade chopsticks. In May, its a goodtime for flowers to bloom. Like Chaoyang Valley, the wild flowers on the slopeare shining one after another, especially in the sun. Its also called "maysnow".

Qianchi first cliff

Now that we have entered the dangerous section of the mountain, we must payattention to safety, support the old and take care of the young. When we get tothis place, lets take a breath and have a look at the red stone cliff that goesstraight into the sky. There is more than one thousand foot red stone cliff likethis in our Fenghuang Mountain Scenic Area, so we name this landscape "thousandfoot first cliff". Ill give an overview of the principles of this fascinatinggeological landscape. As early as 1.528 billion years ago, intense orogenyoccurred many times in the Songshan area. In addition to the long-termweathering and erosion, the formation of sandstone, shale, conglomerate andother sedimentary rocks is mainly schist and crystalline rock and othermetamorphic rocks. And the lithology of metamorphic rock is very hard, which hasthe topographic characteristics of continuous peaks, abrupt and jagged rocks.Because it has experienced many violent crustal movements in a long geologicalperiod, it has caused extremely complex geological structure types and manygeological scenery. As long as we reach the top of Lianhua peak, we can enjoysuch geological wonders as "red stone forest", "five colored stones" and"baicaotang".

Shishang spring and Autumn Period

Have you had a rest? Lets move on. Look at this tree growing in the crackof red stone rock. With its indomitable spirit, do you think of the style ofpine? Its a tree species in Fenghuang mountain, and people call it "Quan tree"."Right" is the "right" of right. Although it has a small tree girth, its age isamazing. It has a history of more than 500 years. It is the ancestor ofownership trees in Fenghuang mountain. Its leaves are peoples favorite wildvegetables, which is called "Quancai". Because the tree grows in the stonecrevice, after more than 100 years of spring and autumn, so people call it"spring and Autumn on the stone". If you are interested, you can take a picturewith "Quan Shu" here as a memento. It will accompany you in the long river oflife, flexible and auspicious forever.

Bright song stage

Come on! We are going to go through this short and hard road, usher in newhope and new light. Under our feet is the "bright song stage". On the red stonecliff opposite, there are always pigeons singing gently. At this moment, we mayas well enjoy singing, enjoy singing, and pigeons try to compare whose song ismore beautiful and loud, this is the real aerobic exercise ah!

View platform

In order to find better scenery, please follow me. Now, what we havearrived at is the second stop of the viewing platform. Here we want to see thefour corners. In the East is xiuyouling (xiulongling). It is said that Wang Mangpursues Liu Xiu and Liu Xiu has a rest here. In the south is Xingwu village, afamous ancient military building in the song and Yuan Dynasties. A few miles tothe west of Xingwu village is the famous Buddhist building shangxiangyu temple.In the north, Jialing, which we are facing now, is called Jialing villagebecause of its ancient town. What you can see in front of you is the CatholicChurch in Tianzhong Bay, Jianshan township.

Unlimited scenery in the peak, lets continue to climb it!

Jielan terrace

After walking through this thrilling and dangerous trail, we can relax ourtight nerves and have a rest at Jielan platform.

"Fangshan is the largest mountain in the world, and all the mountains standoutside the sky." now we are at the top of Lianhua peak - "Jielan terrace".Standing here, overlooking the distant mountain, "smoke and mist"; looking atthe close-up, "Cuifeng Hongyan". After a rain in midsummer, the rainbow in thesky seems to be within reach. Thats one of the wonders of Fenghuang mountain!Fenghuang mountain is not only a natural forest park, a kingdom of naturalplants, but also a treasure house of Chinese herbal medicine. Wild flowers arefragrant all year round, and traditional Chinese medicine is everywhere. Thehillside on our left is "baicaotang". In baicaotang, there are more than 300kinds of valuable traditional Chinese medicine, such as Forsythia suspensa,honeysuckle, Yuanhu, Eucommia ulmoides, Ganoderma lucidum, toad grass, Polygonummultiflorum, Shiwei, reviving grass, etc. Do not miss this great opportunity of"traditional Chinese medicine bath" if you have health awareness. On the rightside of Jielan terrace is the red stone forest. They have different shapes andpostures. Their colors are like Danwo and bright clouds. They are rare naturalwonders in Fenghuang Mountain scenic area. Now come down the mountain with me.On the way down the mountain, you can watch the rare tree species of dragonsubduing wood, Laojun tea, guijianchou, "six sisters of Hawthorn king", "phoenixtree of quintuplet", "yuanhupo", "the second thousand Chi cliff", "monumentstone" (or wordless tablet), "Caishi undercover". Finally, lets go down themountain in Phoenix forest. Before going down the mountain, dont forget to takea special "God chair" for you.

Standing here, we have two sightseeing channels in front of us. One is toclimb the mountain from here, climb the lotus peak, and visit Fenghuangmountain. The other is to go up against the stream, and visit Xiangyu temple andXiangyu Grand Canyon. I wont talk about it any more. You can go to the stream,catch fish and crabs, play with the strange pebbles, and forget all yourtroubles.

After a long journey, we came to the famous phoenix lake. According tolegend, there was a huge lake here in ancient times. There are three springs atthe bottom of the lake, which are magnificent. Golden Phoenix often goes to thislake to enjoy the scenery, so it is called Phoenix Lake. There is a stone tableton one side of the lake, which contains the scenery of Jinfeng playing in thewater. Later, I dont know when the mountain torrent broke out, and the ancienttablet went with the water. What you see today is the man-made lake built byJianshan township government to solve the problem of irrigation for villagers inSigou. The top-down slide on the left side of the lake is a convenient way toclimb Lianhua peak. On the top is the towering lotus peak. The dense forest atthe middle of the peak is the famous Phoenix forest. In ancient times, GoldenPhoenix lived in the dense forest. The mountain on the right is Fenghuangmountain, which we have been looking forward to for a long time. The top of themountain is the head of Phoenix, with wings on both sides. There is a magicalPhoenix spring in the valley above.

Speaking of Fenghuang mountain, there is a beautiful legend. A long timeago, there lived a Golden Phoenix in the eastern suburb of Zhengzhou, thecapital of our province. The Golden Phoenix foraged around day and night andused its hard work to nurture and reproduce its offspring. The grain, such asrice, wheat, beans, corn, grain and vegetable seeds, that Jin Fenghuang broughtfrom afar piled up into mountains. The seeds sprinkled on the earth sprouted,grew and fruited. They couldnt eat up for a while. Seeing that the localfarmers couldnt find enough food to satisfy their hunger for a while, theyentrusted the dream to Shennong, so that Shennong could enlighten the mountainpeople to grow grain and multiply. From then on, Fenghuang and the farmersbecame neighbors and lived in harmony. Up to now, there is a village called"Phoenix Terrace" in Zhengzhou. Fenghuangtai is famous for its rice. Later, dueto the construction of Zhengzhou City, people were forced to stay away fromother places. Where are the farmers going? People dont get any information. Oneday, in the dead of night, Jin Fenghuang and a local farmer said, "come with meto the hometown of zufuxi, a native of Southwest China. Only then can we haveenough food and clothing." So people went westward with Phoenix. They helped theold and the young to the place where we are today - "Phoenix Mountain", andsettled down here. Golden Phoenix and their descendants live in a large foreston the hillside, which is called "Phoenix forest" or "phoenix tree" by latergenerations. Later, the Golden Phoenix toiled all his life, sleeping on the highmountain in front of us. The descendants of jinfenghuang and the mountain peoplewho came to settle down with her specially designated this mountain as FenghuangMountain in memory of jinfenghuangs achievements.

(ladies and gentlemen, its time for dinner. We should seize this rareopportunity to taste the unique flavor of the Farmhouse Hotel. After dinner, wecan continue our journey. )

Fenghuang Mountain has naturally become a geomantic treasure land in thearea of Fuxi mountain. Buddhism prevailed in the Northern Wei Dynasty. Buddhistdisciples searched everywhere for the site of Fengshui temple. Temples were alsobuilt at the foot of Fenghuang mountain. Therefore, it is called Xiangyu Templebecause of its fragrant flowers and birds, mountains and streams.

"The winding path leads to the secluded place, and the Zen house has deepflowers and trees." Now lets go to the Buddhist resort - Xiangyu temple.

黄山，位于安徽省南部，地处皖南歙县、黟县和休宁县的边境。面积约1200平方公里，其中精粹风景区约154平方公里。这里，千峰竞秀，有奇峰72座，其中天都峰、莲花峰、光明顶都在海拔1800米以上，拔地极天，气势磅礴，雄姿灵秀。

黄山，中国十大风景名胜之一，90年被联合国教科文组织列入“世界文化与自然遣产”名录，蜚声中外，令世人神往。

黄山集名山之长，泰山之雄伟，华山之险峻，衡山之烟云，庐山之瀑，雁荡之巧石，峨嵋之秀丽，黄山无不兼而有之。明代旅行家、地理学家徐霞客两游黄山，赞叹说：“登黄山在下无山，观止矣!”又留下“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳”的美誉。

Of all the notable mountains in China, Mount Huangshan, to be found in the south of Anhui province, is probably the most famous. Originally known as Mt. Yishan it was renamed Mt. Huangshan in 747 AD in recognition of the legendary Huang Di, who was the reputed ancestor of the Chinese people and who made magic pills for immortality here.

Wu yue is the collective name given to Chinas most important mountains, namely Mt. Taishan in Shandong Province, Mt. Huashan in Shaanxi Province, Mt. Hengshan in Shanxi Province, Mt. Songshan in Henan Province and Mt. Hengshan in Hunan Province. It is said that you wont want to visit any other mountains after seeing wu yue but you wont wish to see even wu yue after returning from Mt. Huangshan. This saying may give you some idea of the beauty and uniqueness of Mt. Huangshan. Together with the Yellow River, the Yangtze River and the Great Wall, Mt. Huangshan has become one of the great symbols of China.

Mt. Huangshan can boast not only of its magnificence but also its abundant resources and great variety of zoological species, for which it has been listed as a World Natural and Cultural Heritage Site. 朋友们，你们好!现在我们已经到达黄山风景区南边重镇汤口。在这里先向诸位介绍一下黄山风景的概况。

黄山，位于中国安徽省南部，属中国南岭山脉的部分，全山面积约1200平方公里。黄山山系中段，是黄山的精华部分，也就我们要游览的黄山风景区，面积约154平方公里。它在黄山市境内，南邻歙县、徽州区、休宁县和黟县，北连黄山区;这五个县、区也都属于黄山市管辖。

黄山在中国唐代以前叫黟山，黟是黑样子，因为山上岩石多青黑青黑的，古人就给它起这样一名字。传说咱们中华族的先祖轩辕黄帝在完成中原统一在业、开创中华文明之后，来到这里采药炼丹，在温泉里洗澡，因而得道仙。唐朝著名的皇帝明皇李隆基非常相信这个说法，就在天宝六年(747年)下了一道诏书，将黟山改名黄山。意思是，这座山是黄帝的山。从那以后，黄山这个名字就一直到现在。

朋友们，你们不远千，甚至万里到这里，就要亲眼看一看黄山的美吗?不就是要感受一次人生快乐吗?是的，黄山是绝美绝美的，可说天第奇山，能够登临它，亲眼看看它，确实是人生的一大乐事。在很久很久前，在漫 长地质历史代，大自然的无穷力，塑造了黄山那绝美的风采和种种奇特的景观，令人倾倒，令人心醉。

在这里，我把黄山“四绝”分别作个介绍吧。

说起黄山“四绝”，排在第一的当是奇松。黄山松奇在什么地方呢?首先是奇在它无比顽强的生命力，凡有土的方就能出草木和庄稼，而黄松则是从坚硬的黄岗岩石里长出来的。黄山到处都生长着松树，它们长峰顶，长悬崖峭壁，长在深壑幽谷，郁郁葱葱，生机勃勃。千百年来，它们就是这样从岩石迸裂出来，根儿深深扎进岩石缝里，不怕贫瘠干旱，不怕风雷雨雪，潇潇洒洒，铁骨铮铮。你能说不奇吗?其次是，黄山松还奇在它那特有的天然造型。从总体来说，黄山松的针叶短粗稠密，叶色浓绿，枝干曲生，树冠扁平，显出一种朴实、稳健、雄浑的气势，而每一处松树，每一株松树，在长相、姿容、气韵上，又各各不同，都有一种奇特的美。人们根据它们的不同的形态和神韵，分别给它们起了贴切的自然而又典雅有趣的名字，如迎客松、黑虎松、卧龙松、龙爪松、探海松、团结松等等。它们是黄山奇松的代表。

怪石，是构成黄山胜景的又一“绝”。在黄山到处都可以看到奇形怪异的岩石，这些怪石的模样儿千差万别，有的像人，有的像物，有的有的反映了某些神话传说和历史故事，都活灵活现，生动有趣。在121处名石中，知名度更高一些的有“飞来石”、“仙人下棋”、“喜鹊登梅”、“猴子观海”、“仙人晒靴”、“蓬莱三岛”、“金鸡叫天门”等。这些怪石有的是庞然大物，有的奇巧玲珑;有的独立成景，有的是几个组合或同奇松巧妙结合成景。还些怪石因为观赏位置和角度变了，模样儿也就有了变化，成了一石二景，如“金鸡叫天门”又叫“五老上天都”，“喜鹊登梅”又叫“仙人指路”就是移步换景的缘故。也还有些怪厂，在不同条件下看，会产生不能的联想，因而也就有了不同的名字，如“猴子观海”又叫“猴子望太平”便是。

再说云海。虽然在中国其它名山也能看到云海，但没有一个能比得上黄山云海那样壮观和变幻无穷。大约就是这个缘故，黄山还有另外一个名字，叫“黄海”。这可不是妄称，是有历史为证的。明朝有位著名的史志学家叫潘之恒，在黄山住了几十年，写了一部60卷的大部头书--黄山山志，书名就叫《黄海》。黄山的一些景区、宾馆和众多景观的命名，都同这个特殊的“海”有关联，有些景观若在云海中观赏，就会显得更加真切，韵味也更足了。这些也都证明，“黄海”这个名字是名副其实的。

最后，介绍一下温泉。我们常讲的和游览的温泉是前山的黄山宾馆温泉，古时候又叫汤泉，从紫石峰涌出。用它命名的温泉景区，是进入黄山南大门后最先到达的景区。温泉水量充足，水温常年保持在42度左右，水质良好，并含有对人体有益的矿物质，有一定的医疗价值，对皮肤病，风湿病和消化系统的疾病，确有一定的疗效。但是只能浴，不能饮;过云说它可以饮用，是不科学的。

为人所不知的是黄山还有第五绝，那就是冬雪，轻盈的雪花纷纷扬扬，夹带着云雾，伴随着山风没在山恋上追逐，在深谷中飞腾。黄山骤然间换了模样，满目的苍绿不见了，到处朴树迷离，一切都是显得晶莹透亮。古人形容说：“一夜寒风起，万树银华开。”整个黄山宛如一个银色的世界，仿佛身处水晶宫。 除了“五绝”之外，黄山的瀑布、日出和晚霞，也是十分壮观和奇丽的。

Friends, Hello! Now that we have arrived at the Huangshan scenic area south of city of tangkou. Here to give you some information about Huangshan scenerys profile.

The yellow mountain, located in the southern part of Anhui Province, is part of the nanling mountains, China, the whole mountain area is about 1200 square kilometers. Middle section of the Huangshan mountains, are the best parts of the yellow mountain, we also want to visit Huangshan scenic area, covering an area of about 154 square kilometers. It internally in Huangshan city, South o she County, Huizhou district, xiuning County and Yixian County, North Huangshan District; the five counties, districts are under the jurisdiction of Huangshan city. Huangshan in China before the Tang dynasty named Black Mountain, black is black, blue black blue black rocks on the Hill, the ancients gave it this name. Legend of Chinese ancestors Emperor Huangdi in the us following the completion of Zhongyuan harmonized working, creating Chinese civilization, came here to herb of immortality, bath in the hot springs, which attained the immortal. Famous Tang dynasty of Emperor Ming Huang Li long JI is believe it, in tempo, six years (747) under the edict, rename the Black Mountain Huangshan. Mean, this mountain is a mountain of Yellow Emperor. From then on, the name Huangshan has been up to now.

Friends, not far from thousands of you, even miles here, will do down and take a look at the beauty of Huangshan? Isnt it just to feel a life happy? Yes, Huangshan is a beautiful beautiful, can be said that the mountain of the day, be able to climb it, and see that it is indeed a great joy in life. In a long, long time ago, in a long geological history, natures infinite force, shaped Huangshan the exquisite elegance and all sorts of exotic landscapes, stunning, is enchanted.

Here, I put the yellow mountain “four unique” respectively, made a presentation.

Speaking of Huangshan mountain “four”, ranked first was pine. Huangshan songqi in what place? First of all, is singular in its strong vitality, where soil-vegetation and crops, and Ponderosa are long out of the yellow gang of hard rock. Huangshan pines everywhere, they peak, long cliffs, long in shenhe Valley, lush and vibrant. For thousands of years, this is how they burst out from rock, root deep into the crevices of rocks, not afraid of marginal arid, without fear of rain and snow storm, Selsun, tieguzhengzheng. Can you say do not odd? Secondly, Huang Shansong also singular in its unique natural style. In General, Huang Shansong conifer stubby dense, dark green leaf color, branches with curved, Crown flat, showing a simple, robust, powerful and imposing, but every pine tree, each strain pine on the looks, sapling, and spirit, all different, there is a strange beauty. People according to their different patterns and romantic charm, respectively, give them appropriate natural and elegant and interesting names, such as welcoming pine, black tiger pine, pine Pinus, Dragon claw, in Wolong research on Korean pine Pinus, unity, and so on. They are the

Huangshan pine representatives.

Stone, is constituted of scenery in Huangshan mountain and a “must”. In Huangshan everywhere you can see strange and odd-shaped rock, these stones vary, some people, some like, some of it reflects some myths and legends and historical stories, vivid, lively and interesting. Stone at 121, the popularity of higher “flying stone”, “fairy play”, “magpie”, “sea monkey view”, “immortal Sun boots”, “three Penglai island” and “Rooster call gate”.

These rocks have a behemoth, some of Kit Kat exquisite; separate scenes, sometimes combining several ingeniously combined with pine or King. Some formations for viewing location and angle had changed, also changed, became a stone of the second King, such as the “golden rooster called heaven” also called the “five old God”, “magpie” also known as “fairy Guide” is a moving account of the change of scenery. Also had some strange plants, under different conditions, not Lenovo, therefore has a different name, such as “sea monkey view” also known as “monkey Wang Taiping” is.

Clouds again. Although clouds can also see other mountains in China, but none can match the spectacular Huangshan clouds and is constantly changing. About this, there is another name of Huangshan, known as “yellow”. Its not in vain, there is historical evidence. Famous Shi Zhixue called Pan Zhiheng of the Ming dynasty, lived in Huangshan mountain for decades, wrote a voluminous book of 60 volumes--Huangshan mountain records, titles of the Yellow Sea.

Huangshan scenic spots, hotels and many other landscape named with this special “sea” Association, some landscape ornamental in the clouds, to be even more true, charm was also more. These have proved that the “Yellow Sea” that is worthy of the name.

Finally, tell us about the hot springs. We often say, and before the tour of hot springs is the Huangshan Mountain Hotel Spa, in ancient times called tangquan, from purple Pinnacle emission. Named with its hot spring scenic spot, is the first to arrive after entering the southern gate of Huangshan scenic spot. Hot spring water is sufficient, water temperatures remained at about 42 degrees year-round, water well, and contains useful minerals for the human body, there are some medical value, skin diseases, rheumatism and diseases of the digestive system, does have a certain effect. But only bath, you cannot drink; said it is drinkable, is not science.

Known unknown is a fifth of Huangshan must, its winter and snow, snowflakes swirl of light, clamp with mist, accompanied by the mountain breeze didnt love chasing the mountain, fly in a ravine. Huangshan suddenly changed his appearance, land of pale green is gone, Park trees everywhere blurred, everything is shining brilliantly. The ancients described: “one night, chilling trees YINHUA opened. ”Yellow mountain like a silver world as a whole, as if being in a Crystal Palace.

In addition to “land with five unique features”, the waterfall of the yellow mountain, Sunrise and sunset, are spectacular and strange.

After the September 18th Incident in 1931, the Japanese aggressors pushedforward step by step, and the treasures stored in Beiping Palace Museum moved tothe south. Under the chairmanship of Ma Heng, the president of the PalaceMuseum, about 200000 pieces of antiquities were removed from the palace museumafter selection, cataloguing, numbering and packing, including the travel map ofXi Shan.

The antiquities were stored in Shanghai, transported to Sichuan on the eveof the Anti Japanese War, moved back to Nanjing after the victory of the AntiJapanese War, and moved from Nanjing to Chinese Taiwan in 1948. Fortunately, althoughthe war was in chaos and the war was raging, the cultural relics weretransported for a long time and the roads were dangerous, but there was nodamage or loss. It was a miracle indeed.

The Palace Museum, located in waishuangxi, covers an area of 20 squaremeters. It was built in 1962 and completed in 1965 in commemoration of Sun YatSens birthday. The whole building imitates the form of the Palace Museum inBeijing and adopts the Chinese palace style design. It has a magnificentappearance and carries green mountains. It is where the elite art of Chinesecultural relics collection lies.

Before entering the Palace Museum Square, you can see a memorial archwaycomposed of six stone pillars. On the archway, you can see a bronze tripodengraved with the word "fraternity".

The collection of the Imperial Palace Museum in Chinese Taiwan includes the essenceof old Beijing, the Imperial Palace, Shenyang the Imperial Palace and theoriginal river and so on. There are about 700 thousand pieces of cultural relicsdonated by people from all walks of life at home and abroad. They are dividedinto 14 categories: calligraphy, ancient paintings, inscriptions, bronzes, jadearticles, ceramics, stationery, carved lacquers, enamels, sculptures,miscellaneous items, embroidery and silk, books, and literature. The museumoften maintains about 5000 pieces of calligraphy, painting and cultural relicson display, and holds various special exhibitions regularly or irregularly. Theexhibits in the museum are replaced every three months.

According to the calculation of 5000 exhibits every three months and 20000exhibits every year, there are 700000 pieces in the collection here, which canonly be seen in 35 years without falling down at a time. This is not comparableto the general Museum collection.

大家好!欢迎来到敦煌莫高窟。我先给大家一个自我介绍：我名叫王奕，给你们讲解是我的荣幸，我在这里先给大家提个醒儿，这里的宝物不要触摸，否则后果自负。我们现在已经互相认识了，下来我们就言归正传，来讲讲敦煌莫高窟吧!

敦煌是古代丝绸之路上的重镇。敦煌莫高窟所珍藏艺术珍品是中外交流的瑰宝。人们都把莫高窟称为甘肃中的一颗明珠。 敦煌壁画形象逼真，尤其是：“飞天”图案，大家看，这就是我所说的“飞天”。还被唐朝人赞誉为“天衣飞扬，满壁风动”，成为敦煌壁画的象征。敦煌莫高窟是甘肃省敦煌市境内的莫高窟也是西千佛洞的总称，是我国著名的四大石窟之一，也是世界上现存规模最宏大，保存最完好的佛教艺术宝库。莫高窟主要体现在壁画方面，是这里的壁画才让莫高窟闻名远扬的。现在大家把它的大概了解了吗?我可要继续讲了!

大家快来看这里吧!以学习的态度去看。外国旅游者对莫高窟的评价是： “看了敦煌莫高窟，就相当于看到了全世界的古代文明。”“莫高窟是世界上最长、规模最大、内容最丰富的画廊。” “它是世界现存佛教艺术最伟大的宝库。”“人一生一定要去一次的地方，壁画和佛像的艺术水平实在是震撼人心。”

惋惜的是：莫高窟虽然在漫长的岁月中受到大自然的侵袭和人为的破坏，至今保留有从十六国、北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等十个朝代的洞493 个，壁画四万五千多平方米，彩塑像两千身，是世界现存佛教艺术最伟大的宝库。若把壁画排列，能伸展30多公里，是世界上最长、规模最大、内容最丰富的一个画廊。现在得让大家开心开心了，不能老沉浸于可惜：近几十年来，国内外学者对敦煌艺术极感兴趣，不断进行研究，形成了一个专门学科“敦煌学”。莫高窟是古建筑、雕塑、壁画三者相结合的艺术宫殿，尤以丰富多彩的壁画著称于世。希望可以成功吧!

最后要给大家讲的是：壁画艺术了! 石窟壁画富丽多彩，各种各样的佛经故事，山川景物，亭台楼阁等建筑画、山水画、花卉图案、飞天佛像以及当时劳动人民进行生产的各种场面等，是十六国至清代1500多年的民俗风貌和历史变迁的艺术再现，雄伟瑰丽。在大量的壁画艺术中还可发现，古代艺术家们在民族化的基础上，吸取了伊朗、印度、希腊等国古代艺术之长，是中华民族发达文明的象征。各朝代壁画表现出不同的绘画风格，反映出我国封建社会的政治、经济和文化状况，是中国古代美术史的光辉篇章，为中国古代史研究提供珍贵的形象史料。

我的讲解到此结束，祝大家旅途愉快!

Hello everyone, welcome to here, let me introduce to you!

Located in Jixian City, dule temple is one of the first batch of keycultural relics protection units in China, and is a famous ancient temple with ahistory of thousands of years. Dule temple was built in the 10th year ofZhenguan reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty (636 AD), and rebuilt in the2nd year of Tonghe reign of Liao Dynasty (984 AD). During the reign of Wanli,Shunzhi, Qianlong and Guangxu in the Ming Dynasty, Zhaobi was built in the 18thyear of Qianlong (1753 A.D.), the double eaves of Guanyin Pavilion were added,and four eaves pillars were set up at the top and bottom, and the eastern palaceof the temple was built. Dule temple covers a total area of 16000 square meters.The gate is three rooms wide and four rooms deep. There are two floors up anddown, with a flat and dark floor in the middle. The height is 23 meters. It isthe oldest high-rise wooden pavilion building in China.

The temple gate and Guanyin Pavilion were built in Liao Dynasty, and otherswere built in Ming and Qing Dynasty. The layout and structure are quitepeculiar. The architecture of the whole temple is divided into three parts: theEast, the middle and the West; the East and the West are respectively the monkshouse and the palace; the middle part is the main building of the temple, whichis composed of Baishan gate, Guanyin Pavilion, East and west auxiliary hall,etc. between the mountain gate and the main hall, the corridor is connected. Allthese reflect the characteristics of the architectural layout of Buddhisttemples in Tang and Liao dynasties.

Dule temple palace, built in 1753, is also known as Qianlong palace. It isthe place where the emperors of Qing Dynasty took a rest on their way to visitDongling mausoleum. It is also the only palace in Tianjin. There is one floor ofthe main hall and three subsidiary buildings in the palace. Now there are 14cloisters and one vertical flower gate, making the palace an independentcourtyard. All the emperors after Qianlong came to the palace of dule temple andleft a lot of poems praising the temple. The newly added exhibition in thepalace included 12 impromptu works of the Qing emperor and 17 portraits ofempresses and concubines related to the palace.

It is said that the dule temple was built by an eminent saint of Luban, soJizhou built a temple to commemorate this founder. Luban temple is located 300meters northeast of dule temple, which is the only one in China. Dule temple hasexperienced thousands of years of wind and rain erosion, war disaster, and morethan 30 earthquakes. It is a miracle in the history of Chinese architecture.

Temple Fair: in recent years, dule temple has resumed its traditionaltemple fair in the first month of each year, including Guanyin blessing, folkflower show, acrobatic performance, opera performance, local snacks, localspecialty exhibition, etc., becoming a characteristic brand of winter culturaltourism activities in Jixian County.

Dharma Association: every year, on the first day of the first month (thebirthday of Maitreya), the 19th of February (the birthday of Guanyin), the 8thof April (the birthday of the Buddha), the 19th of June (the day of Guanyinbecoming a monk), the 19th of September (the day of Guanyin becoming a monk) andthe 8th of December (the day of the Buddha becoming a Taoist), a large-scalecommemorative Dharma association is held in dule temple, and believers from allwalks of life gather here.

各位游客大家好，欢迎来到美丽的黄山旅游，首先做一下自我介绍，我是来自安徽旅行社的导游员王兵。大家可依叫我小王或王导。今天能有我带领大家一起游览我到十分荣幸。在游览过程中大家有什么需求或建议请及时告诉我，我会尽最大努力帮助大家。我旁边的这位就是我们的司机高师傅，高师傅是一位经验丰富也很有责任心的人，所以乘坐她的车大家可以尽管放心，再次预祝大家旅途愉快，高兴而来满意而归。

时间过得真快，我们的车已经到达目的地了，请大家拿好自己的物品随我下车，下车请注意安全。现在我们所在的位置就是黄山的大门，大家请看这座彩色牌楼，上面的“黄山”两字看起来刚劲有力，那是我们陈毅元帅的书法。大家知道黄山这个名字是怎么来的吗?对，这位朋友说的对，是唐明皇赐封的。其实黄山原来不叫这个名字，它叫“黟山”黟是由黑和多组成，因为黄山上石头又黑又多，所以取名黟山。相传中华民族的始祖轩辕黄帝在这里采药炼丹，沐浴汤泉最后得道成仙。唐明皇李隆基非常相信这一传说，于是在唐天宝六年也就是公元747年改黟山为黄山，并一直沿用至今

俗话说“五岳归来不看山，”，黄山是魅力有那么大吗?要是领略过黄山五绝，你就不得不赞美她的美了。朋友们有谁知到黄山五绝是哪五绝呢?这位朋友说的对，就是奇松，怪石，云海，温泉和冬景。好了说了这么多大家一定迫不及待想要目睹她的风采了吧!好了，大家先排好队，景区交通在等着咱们呢，我们先乘坐公交到云谷寺，再坐缆车到始信峰，小王将陪同大家去领略黄山美景，请大家排队上车，注意安全别着急，黄山美景就在眼前，马上我们就能看到。

云谷寺到了，请大家注意安全随我下车。嗨朋友们这边有个歌厅想要唱歌的朋友请到这边来，十分钟后我们到这里集合，排队等候缆车——哦十分钟过去了，大家都打起了吧!咱们上缆车，始信峰到了，请大家拿好自己的行李下车。 始信峰海拔1683米，在黄山36大峰中排行第35名，算是个小老弟，但他的风姿卓越，既有阳刚之气又有阴柔之美，充满了诗情画意，就连他的名字也充满了传奇色彩。相传古时候有位先生云游与此，感觉好像进入画境，但又真真切切确实存在，这才相信黄山风景美丽奇绝，于是题了一幅对联“岂有此理，说也不信，真正绝妙，到此方知”。意思就是说到了始信峰才相信皇上天下奇，于是始信峰这个名字就叫开了

常言道：不到始信峰不见黄山松。是信封上的奇松是最奇妙的，接下来我就带领大家一起去欣赏着奇特的黄山松，大家仔细瞧瞧这颗古松，是不是很像一个人张开着手臂，这就是接迎松，它正在热情的欢迎咱们呢!朋友们在卡这棵松树，她的五根粗壮的支根全部裸露在外，像苍龙的坚爪很有威严的气势，这就是龙爪松旁边这里还有一株竖琴松，传说曾有几位仙人在这里饮酒抚琴，自在游乐正在欢畅痛饮的时候，突然听见上天的召唤于是立刻返回了天庭，由于走的匆忙把琴留在了人间，后来这把仙琴酒化作了松树，也就是我们眼前这颗竖琴松。听完了

竖琴松的传说，我们再来看看更有魅力的黑虎松，相传早先有位僧人路过这里忽然看见一只黑虎卧于松顶，一转眼这只黑虎便不知去向留下这颗古松，于是便给它取名黑虎松。看完了黑虎松我们再来欣赏享有松魅之称的连理松这颗古松象征爱情的忠贞不渝，看扣栏上已被扣了千万把锁，大家可以在这拍照留恋。 好了 看了这么多相信大家都累了吧?希望大家中午吃好喝好，下午我们将继续我们的行程。

Huangshan Mountain

Hello, every visitor. Welcome to beautiful Huangshan Mountain. At first, please allow me to introduce myself. I’m your tour guide Wang Ping from Anhui Travel Service. You can call me Xiao Wang or Guide Wang. I’m honored to lead you to visit today. If you have any demand or advice during this tour, please tell me immediately. I’ll do my best to help you. Next to me is our driver Master Gao. She is a highly experienced and responsible person, so you can rest assured on her bus. Again wish you a happy tour. You came here joyfully and you will have a satisfying trip.

How time flies. Our bus has arrived at the destination. Please take along your personal belongings and get off the bus following me. Be careful and keep safety. Now we are at the gate of Huangshan Mountain. Please look at this coloured decorated archway. The two words “黄山” look powerful and vigorous. They were the handwriting of Marshal Chen Yi. Do you know where does the name of Mount Huang come from? Yes, you are right. It was granted by Tang Ming Huang. Actually Huangshan Mountain was not named this in the first place. It was called Yishan Mountain “黟山”. The word yi “黟” is made up of “黑” which means black and “多” which means abundant. It was named so because the rock in Huangshan Mountain is black and abundant. According to legend, Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan, the ancestor of the Chinese nation had gathered medical herbs here, made pills of immortality, bathed in hot spring and finally attained the Tao and become an immortal. Tang Ming Huang Li Longji believed in this legend, so he changed the name from Yishan Mountain to Huangshan Mountain in the sixth year of Tianbao i.e. 747 A.D. and it has been used to this day.

As the saying goes, “Return from the five great mountains and then you won’t go to see other mountain; return from Huangshan Mountain and then you won’t go to see the five great mountains”. Is it so charming of Huangshan Mountain? If you have experienced the five wonders, you’ll have to admire her beauty. Does anyone know what the five wonders really are? You get it right. They are strangely-shaped pines, grotesque rock

formations, seas of clouds, hot springs and winter scenery. Well, everyone must want to see her beauty in haste after the introduction. Ok, please stand in line. The transportation of the scenic area is waiting for us.

We’ll take bus to Cloud Valley Temple, and get to Shixin Peak by cable car. I will accompany you to have a taste of the beautiful scenery. Please get on the bus in line. Don’t worry and keep safety. The beautiful scenery is right before your eyes and we’ll see it right away.

Here is Cloud Valley Temple. Please get off the bus following me. There is a singing hall. Anyone who wants to sing could come this way. We’ll assemble here in ten minutes and queue up for cable car. Now, ten minutes have passed. Everybody is here. We get on the cable car and now here is Shixin Peak. Please take your belongings and get off the car.

Shixin Peak is 1683 meters above sea level, ranking 35th in 36 main peaks of Huangshan Mountain and being the little brother of all the peaks. However, its charm is very remarkable, having both masculine and feminine characteristics, full of poetic beauty. Even the name of it is legendary. It is said that in ancient times, a man wandered here, feeling like coming into a picture. However, everything was just real. Only then did he believe the wonder of the beautiful scenery. So he wrote a Chinese couplet “岂有此理，说也不信，真正绝妙，到此方知” which means that he didnt believe the wonder of Huangshan Mountain until he saw Shixin peak. Since then the name Shixin Peak spread widely.

As the saying goes, you won’t see Huangshan Pine until in Shixin Peak. The pines in Shixin Peak are really grotesque. Next I will lead you to admire the grotesque Huangshan Pines. Everybody, please watch carefully. Is this ancient pine like a man opening his arms? This is Greeting Pine with a hearty welcome for us. Look at this pine and you will find its five strong rootlets are exposing in the air, just like the firm claws of black dragon, having a dignified air. This is the Dragon Claw Pine. Over here is a Harp Pine. Legend has it that several immortals were drinking and playing the harp here, just amusing themselves. When they drank happily, they heard the sudden call of Heaven. Therefore they returned to the Court of Heaven immediately. In a hurry they left the harp there. Then this harp turned into a pine, namely this Harp Pine before us. Having heard the story of the Harp Pine, we can have a look of this charming Black Tiger Pine. According to legend in the past a monk passed here and saw a black tiger lie on the top of a pine. In a second the black tiger disappeared without a trace and the pine was left. So he named the pine Black Tiger Pine. Next we will see the Couple Pine with the reputation of being the spirit of the pine. This ancient pine symbolizes unswerving loyalty of love. The fences have been buckled tens of thousands of locks. We can take photos here.

Well, I believe that everybody must be tired now. Have a good lunch and we will continue in the afternoon.

Each passenger:

Everybody is good! Today, you are my beautiful west lake tour guide: Fang Zifang (write your own name!) . Lets start with slowly as the ship started to move, to visit the beautiful west lake!

The west lake is located in: the west of hangzhou city, zhejiang province. The west lake of the water area of 4.37 square kilometers, 15 kilometers lakeshore circumference, level are 2.27 meters deep, the deepest in 5 meters.

First of all, we came to the orioles singing, the willows is nanshan scenic city nearest a park, it is also one of the west lake old ten views. Willow is a main feature in the park. Look at both sides, gathered here the spring of 500 strains of willows, the weeping willow, with ones lot, the willow tree, on both sides of the various, very good-looking, south park inclined rod bending branches of that kind of, in the breeze, the yaw, like a drunken beauty, known as the "drunken liu"

Now, we came to the legend of the white niang son met xu xian the broken bridge. Broken bridge, today is located in the bai causeway eastern end. Many sizes in the ancient west lake bridge, it is most famous. Everyone looked down, below is the sparkling lake, the lake is the sunlight, like many gold sprinkled on the lake, very beautiful! Attention, do not litter, can take pictures here, rest now.

Well, today is here, finally I wish you all: have a good journey, goodbye!

There are words that: the sight of the sea water, the body to penglai is a fairy; Fairyland sea wonderland cannot find, find the fairy.

Distinguished visitors, hello, and welcome to the known as "paradise on earth," said the penglai pavilion to visit tourist. Im the tour guide to service for you, I... .

Penglai pavilion is located in yantai penglai city. Penglais charm lies not only in its heavy historical and cultural accumulation and the diffused scenery, also is that it has a beautiful myths and legends. Shanhaijing and I book the penglai, yingzhou, the abbot three graphically depicts the sacred. Then the king sent explorers were all at sea for mountain; Qin shihuang east tour for medicine; The emperor USES fangxian, etc. According to historical records, penglai to often appear a north sea, the scattered gas, get together and forming, elusive and unpredictable. Those good things to the alchemist in a fantasy magic deduce the legend of three mountain sea mountain, lifelike picture a desirable fairy world, added a few minutes to penglai. Later "ensemble" also to join here, more vivid and attractive, referred to as the "wonderland" is worthy of the name.

Now penglai pavilion scenic area centered on danya mountain, penglai shuicheng hotan hengshan as two wings, is a natural scenery and human landscape and be in harmony an organic whole of sites of scenic spot. Penglai pavilion was built in the northern song dynasty jia on six years (AD 1061), after the song, Ming and qing three generations of constant expansion and renovation, the size of the form now.

Penglai pavilion stands Yu Danya mountain, sea of clouds light wave surrounded by mountains, sea and mountain scenery emerge in endlessly. The grand buildings from the penglai pavilion, the queen of heaven, dragon palace, Lv Zudian, cliffs, MiTuo temple six monomer and its affiliated construction, covers an area of 1.89 square kilometers. Because of penglai pavilion magical sights and grand scale, and the yellow crane tower, yueyang tower, tengwang pavilion and referred to as the "four famous towers in China". Pavilion literati in calligraphy, couplets and inscriptions, abound. Published in 1982 by the state council as the national key cultural relics protection unit. On December 24, 20xx penglai pavilion scenic area as the first national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot.

Said ok, we have to penglai pavilion, now, let us together along the old imperial fairy found footprints, walk into fairyland to meetthe you immortal!

We have now come to the front of penglai pavilion, look at "the world penglai", this is the four pillars to the type of single eaves coloured drawing or pattern, frontal subject "human penglai" four characters, and for the script of su dongpo. Inside and outside the pillar were inscribed on both sides of the artist liu haisu topic "penglai pavilion, amazing spectacular momentum XiongJun danya mountain" and bother me inscribed "danya Joan pavilion is at large, blue fairy if mind leap" couplets, reveal the arched gate of fairyland, visitors can start immortal tour.

See next is MiTuo temple, was built in the tang dynasty, this is the only buddhist temples to penglai pavilion scenic. Inside the main hall of worship is three SAN eighteen arhats in the west. Is in the middle of amitabha, the left is the avalokitesvara, is on the right is a general trend to bodhisattva.

What we see now is "danya wonderland" fang, fang forehead "danya wonderland" four word was written by dong to mention. Into the wonderland of natural psychic ability, now you see visions. Manifestations of the gate we went west to the dragon palace. Dragon palace QianDian inside to worship the dragon king of the two generals gatekeepers, east to dinghai, general west for general jing hai. Walked into the dragon kings throne room, sitting among the east China sea dragon king AoGuang. The east stand were patrolling the sea hag, clairvoyance, tripterygium wilfordii and electricity. On the west side of the catch fish lang, clairaudient, wind and the rain god.

To move forward, we have entered the temple QianDian, first of all, you can see on the wall there is a word, you know not to know what a word is this? , "shou" word, just the life of word and ordinary life of words is different, it is by the five dynasties bodhi old zu Chen tuan book, it is made up of three words, are "rich", "Mr", "Lin" form a "shou" word, means to tell us: to be rich, if you want to live longer, have to a variety of trees.

Further on we came to the throne room, you can see, in the middle of sacrifice this is days empress, she in fujian and Chinese Taiwan area was known as the "mazu", her name is called Lin Mo, fujian putian person, wont cry when it is said that she had just been born, so her parents gave her a name called Lin Monian, she is very smart, at the age of five will chant, at the age of twelve to maritime induction very efficacious, so she often helps fishermen had at the seaside again and again to the perils of the sea, unfortunately she was twenty-eight years old that year were lost at sea, in memory of her people, by the sea built temples to worship her. It is said that she was very efficacious, soft touch, so this is the place where the penglai pavilion, incense is the most exuberant.

To move forward in our left hand side is the "blue sea steps" sharpening. "Educational spirit of the" four word is written by Mr Feng yuxiang. So why did he write down here "educational spirit of the" four word? It is said that after the 918 incident in 1931, Japan began to large-scale invasion, Chiang kai-shek, not only not advocating anti-japanese, but also the civil war, feng yuxiang is compelling, Chiang kai-shek cant take part in the anti-japanese, mood is very low. Another patriotic general in the kuomintang Li Liejun feng yuxiang in 1934 May invite to visit penglai, discuss the anti-japanese, then wrote a couplet Li Liejun, top allied is: if our stone, the same steps helped himself; Allied is: jiangshan picturesque, all by hand to hand, holding things around. Feng yuxiang let out a horizontal batch, the feng yuxiang then start to write down the "blue sea steps" these four words, later generations to commemorate him, just four words engraved on it to here.

We look this way again, this is the main body construction "penglai pavilion", it with the yueyang tower, yellow crane tower and tengwang pavilion And called Chinas four famous towers. It was built Song Jiayou six years, "penglai pavilion" three word above is by the qing dynasty calligrapher TieBao book. Now on the first floor is some penglai scenery photo exhibition, the second floor of the eight immortals drunk wax.

Through the penglai pavilion, come back.

Shelter pavilion, formerly known as a pavilion, built in zhengde eight years (1513) magistrate yan t l. application building. Pavilion wall engraved stone 25 square, one of the Ming dynasty yuan can force the concept of a poem, dong qichang allograph, warm jade sharpening, motorcycling, as into a quiet said. Another ShiRunZhang, Kong Jisu script in the qing dynasty, is a very precious calligraphy. But I want to say the magic blurred was not here, but the shelter pavilion buildings stand on a mountain, facing the sea, but no matter what kind of wind blowing, you in the booth in the lighting a candle, the flame will still. Friend, dont you think its mysterious?

Now let me tell you the secret, from the north side of the pavilion is a brick walls, the walls to halfway up the pavilion, the walls of the city and an arc. So when the north wind blow to the curved walls, formed a strong airflow, rising sharply. Flying over the roof, to the south, booth in then there is no wind. Plus what pavilion south three sides is a wall, only the north have doors and Windows, air convection. So, despite the wind roar, doors and Windows wide open, booth in silk still, but wind candles not jing.

Continue to go to the east is lie on display. It is su shi "a poem today", "book after wu daoxuan painting" banner named tablet. The front of the monument is cursive "book after wu daoxuan painting", is a regular script on the back of the projects the poem ". Small at the back of the words in front of the inscriptions is big, we all know that su shi is like drinking poems, tribute wine when it is becoming more and more bold. After experts identified this is su shis original. Side and the qing dynasty Gong Bao antithetical couplet of "mirage mirage, loyal son namely fairy" that is the fairy wonderland is unreal unreal, only faithful to the country, the man is really a filial daughter of the gods.

To move forward we came to the su gong tie is the temple, to commemorate su dongpo su gong tie is shrine was built. This is su dongpo among image sharpening calligraphy, the original six let temple in guangzhou. He has worked in in 5 year. But save in this short five days made two good thing for the people of penglai. One is to build coastal defence, the other is reduction the salt tax of the people. In penglai folk have circulated su gong tie is "knowledge in five days, one thousand temple" 美谈.

This is called bing, floor, say again your back floor, stair climb, vision, and make a great place for the sunrise. The dance epic "the east is red" big history, has been chosen as a background, the film at the beginning of the picture of the sunrise is taken here.

Landmark is beside penglai pavilion shining floor, we saw from the mountain is the highest building in it. In the past is indicates the lighthouse beacon.

Standing here we see the penglai shuicheng, another name for city. Is the first port in ancient China, the portal of the east. Since the han dynasty was listed as a military town. Song Qingli for two years, when driving a ship called water-forces "saury ships", the walled city is called "saury village". Ming hongwu nine years, the Ming government in order to prevent the enemys attack, as saury village built on the basis of the wharf, formed the shuicheng prototype today. City have two doors, the north is called the watergate, is the throat of in and out of the sea. South gate called powersun door, and land are interlinked. This is also where practice qi jiguang wenhuan.

Now the house is in front of us is Lv Zudian, Lv Zu is lu dongbin, pavilion with lu dongbin like stone. Go ahead cliffs, enshrined in Taoism, is considered the father of the three, they are pure spi Buddha, too clear moral Buddha, jade qing yuan Buddha.

Further on, we came to the last penglai pavilion scenic spot - the cloud palace. Legend has it baiyun palace is a place where they have himself. In "goddess marriage", they have a lyrics, "my family live in penglai village". Hand-woven cloth in penglai village, of course, is dedicated in Asgard, so, out of the clouds of palace, even if returned to the earth.

Ok, above is the penglai pavilion are the main attractions, you can now take pictures photos, after 15 minutes, in this collection we get in the car and went to the next attraction.