烟台介绍英语导游词（热门20篇）

说话间，我们已经来到了“大洞天”，说到这大洞天，各位自然就会想到是道教中的洞天福地。是的，在道教中会以许多名山为主景，兼有山水的地方认为是有神仙主治，乃众仙所居，道士居此修炼或登山请乞，就可以得道成仙。那么所谓“洞天”就是山中有洞室通达上天，贯通诸山。“福地”则意谓得福之地，即认为居此地可受福度世，修成地仙。 “洞天福地”的观念大约形成于东晋以前，它包括十大洞天、三十六小洞天和七十二福地，构成道教地上仙境的主体部分.所以各位您看这里石头相叠成屋，周围草绿花红，千年的古榕树盘根错节，好一个天造地设的神仙洞府，在此修炼一定能成仙。而且听当地的老渔民们讲，在很早以前这里就是他们的避风港，所以很早以前这里就叫做“大洞天”。各位到达三亚游览后，会去另外一个好去处，那就是“小洞天”，据说这两处题刻都源于当年吉阳军知军周康所写《大小洞天记》，所以各位来海南旅游真是得道成仙之旅啊! 前(钱)途无量 现在各位跟我一起来漫步这条小路吧，各位发现这条路上与众不同的地方了吗?是的，在这条路上刻着世界各地的、从古到今的不同的钱币，我们不妨一路走一路数数，一路憧憬一下，这些钱币如果都是我们自己的该怎么花花它：是买钻石、买珍珠翡翠;还是周游天下、吃尽天下美食;还是捐很多学校让天下的孩子们都能够读书;还是把它们攒起来堆在一起，每天数着玩……所以我们脚下的路就是“前(钱)途无量”之路，据说也是当年任吉阳军太守的周康来到这里，发现了大洞天，他登上了岛上的山，一开始攀登时，只见尽是灌木丛，根本就没有路，但是一走不远就有着渐入佳境的感觉。因他是从山南走过来的。到了这边一看，发现这里果真是个好地方。所以我们也就借这位先人的吉言：“此道一走可是前途无量!” 我们终于到达了山顶，极目远望，大海充满了我们的视线，这里我们看到的大海象孔雀羽毛般绚烂，哦，应该说还不够准确，它更象是孩子画笔里的颜色，丰富到让人无法找到相同的颜色。椰风轻轻吹拂，海浪阵阵拍打，偶然间海面上一抹艳丽的拖伞滑过，霎时间我们仿佛进入了梦境，那样的旖旎多姿的梦境。可是亲爱的朋友们这不是梦，我们登临的就是人间仙境呀! 岛上潜水 分界洲岛的沙子不像是被海浪磨碎的礁石的细小颗粒，而更像是数以亿记的贝壳的粉末铺成的，因此这里海水一点也不浑浊，保持了和天空一样明澈的颜色，阳光能毫无阻碍地射入到十几米深的海里，同时这里的海底也拥有堪比人间最美的花园的珊瑚礁和它们多彩的海洋生物朋友们。 所以您还犹豫什么，只要您没有严重的高血压、心脏病、中耳炎，就穿上潜水服，带上呼吸器，背气纯净空气瓶跃入海中，来一次轻轻松松的海底游戏。一到海底，你就像刚刚出生的婴儿第一次张开双眼，看到一个全新的、色彩斑斓的世界：一切都是那么新鲜，一切都是那么亲切。你一定会想抚摸一下嬉戏的小鱼，仔细看看那一半金黄一半碧绿的艳丽色泽;你一定会想盘桓于珊瑚丛中，掬起那一片片火红。但是也请您千万不要这样做，因为珊瑚是海底的工程师，更是维护海底生态平衡的功臣，爱护它就是爱护我们的地球家园。 在分界洲岛的潜水项目中除了传统的体验式水肺潜水以外，还有非常有趣的沉船潜水和洞穴潜水。所谓沉船潜水，当您来到海底时会看到一只锈迹斑斑的沉船，但您正揣测着可以打捞到宋代的青花瓷呢还是唐代的大贺莲时，一群粉红的小鱼向您迎面扑来，也许打断了您的怀古情，抑或又让您生出了找寻人鱼公主的梦想。 另外，在海底潜游时又仿佛置身于崇山峻岭间，石壁上长满了青海草，在期间穿插，人是那么的渺小，感觉好比在丛林探险!这便是洞穴式潜水的妙处，所以它备受年轻人的青睐。 各位亲爱的朋友们，这就是我们梦幻般的分界洲岛，她既有迷人的外表，又有古朴的内涵;既有清虚奥幽的洞天福地，又有无以伦比的海底世界;既有先人遥远的怀古情思，又有现代人时尚的休闲方式;在海南岛诸多的小岛中她独具魅力。那么您在整个游览过程中有没有感觉到身心愉悦呢?好了，下面的时间交给大家，大家可以选择潜水或者继续观赏，我们一个小时后集合。

在云南丽江，我和妈妈去了一个美丽的地方，名叫拉市海。

当我们刚来到拉市海，就被那里的风景给迷住了，那里有有辽阔的草原，草原上有绿油油的嫩草，草原上有数不清的马，马长得很健壮。草原的旁边就是拉市海，四周有许多的山，围绕着拉市海，山翠绿翠绿的。在那高山上，还住着许多彝族人呢!

拉市海很有名的，曾经有人在这里拍过“一米阳光”电视剧。看到这么美的山和草原，我玩兴大发，于是我碰了碰妈妈说：“我想去骑马和划船!”，妈妈同意了。我们一开始坐在马上，脚都发抖了，后来，牵马的爷爷说：“全身放松悠闲的样子，就不怕了。”我照着做了，果然一点都不怕了，我身下的马其实很矮，是那种小种马，非常温顺。，看着蓝天和大草原，我的心胸也开阔起来，放马奔跑了一会，感觉自已也象个小骑手。后来我们又去划船了，划船的时候，我问了一下水底下为啥这么多草。船夫说:“近几年卧虎山成了旅游区后，把水引到这里后，就变成了拉市海，所以水底还可以看到原来种的庄稼和水草。这里的水特别的绿，特别的美。

不知不觉天黑下来了，公园要关门了，这时才觉得时间过得特别快，我和妈妈只能依依不舍地离开了拉市海。但我想，等我长大我一定再来看看这个地方。

Hongcun is located in the northeast of Yi County, Anhui Province, coveringan area of 19.11 hectares. Hongcun was first built in Hongcun during the reignof Shaoxi in Nanning (1131 A.D.) for more than 800 years. It is backed byYangzhanling, Leigang mountain, etc., which is high in terrain. It is oftenresplendent. Sometimes it is like splashing ink and heavy color, sometimes it islike light freehand brushwork, just like a long scroll of mountains and waters.It integrates natural landscape and cultural landscape, and is known as "thevillage in Chinese painting".

In particular, the whole village is a "cow" structure layout, which isknown as a miracle of todays world historical and cultural heritage. Thetowering green Leigang is the head of cattle, the towering ancient wood is thehorn of cattle, and the scattered residential groups from east to West are likethe big cattle. In the northwest of the village, a river is dug to channelaround the house to transfer the ownership. The nine bends and ten bends of thecanal gather the natural spring water in the village to form a Dou Yue shapedpond, which is like a cows intestines and stomach. The canal finally flows intothe lake in the south of the village, and the bunting is called tripe. Then,four bridges were built on the river around the village as corbels. Afterseveral years, a totem of cattle has sprung up. This ingenious and scientificdesign of village water system not only solves the problem of fire water forvillagers, but also regulates the temperature, provides convenience forresidents production and living water, and creates a good environment of"Huanji is far away from Fangxi, and there is a clear spring in front of thehouse".

Hongcun, also known as Hongcun, means to develop Hongguang. Wang Jiu is adescendant of Wang Hua, the Duke of Yue in the early Tang Dynasty. The villagewas first built in the Song Dynasty, with hundreds of ancient dwellings linedwith pink walls and green tiles, especially the Chengzhi hall, Jingxiu hall,Dongxian hall and Sanli hall, which are known as the "folk Forbidden City" withexquisite carving and heavy gold color. They are the same as the smooth moonmarsh and the rippling Nanhu Lake, with deep alleyways, simple shops beside theQingshi street, and towering on the Leigang Mu He, the Ivy stone wood that hasexplored the wall of the courtyard, the hundred year old peony, the strictancestral halls such as Xuren hall and Shangyuan hall, and the Nanhu Academywith the plaque of "yiwenjiashu" personally inscribed by the 93 year old scholarLiang Tongshu, form a perfect artistic whole. It is really a step-by-step sceneand can be painted everywhere. At the same time, it also reflects the profoundcultural heritage left by the long history. By the Qing Dynasty, Hongcun hadbeen "a city with thousands of fireworks, numerous buildings, and forest". It isstill the seat of the peoples Government of Jilian town. In the mid-1980s, thetourism industry began to develop. Qiao Shi, Zhu Rongji and others visitedHongcun first and then. Chen Fuli, Qiongyao, Chen Kaige and others created artin Hongcun first and then. In the 1990s, the number of inbound tourists inHongcun increased by 40.5% every year, with Hong Kong, Chinese Taiwan and overseastourists as the majority. Last year, it received 40000 Chinese and foreigntourists, with ticket revenue of 608000 yuan, an increase of 8% over theprevious year. On November 30, 20__, Hongcun was listed in the world culturalheritage list by UNESCO.

Dongshan Academy of Xiangxiang City was founded in 1895 (the 21st year ofGuangxu), which has been for 100 years. Here, with a long history, Mao Zedong,Tan Zheng, Chen Geng and other talents come forth in large numbers, with aglorious revolutionary tradition.

The main hall of the academy has three rooms, five rooms in the East andfive rooms in the West. The whole building is grand in scale, magnificent inbuildings and elegant in environment. "There is a hall for speakers, a place forrecreation, a room for food, and a net for nothing. Its really a good place tostudy. The gate of the academy is a white marble with the four characters"Dongshan academy" written by Huang Ziyuan, a calligrapher of the currentDynasty. On the wall of the left corridor of the main hall is a record ofDongshan academy written by Chen Wucui, a county magistrate.

After the completion of the Academy, classes began on November 15 of thatyear. Dongshan jingshe was renamed Dongshan Academy. In July 1905, Li gentlemenWang Gang, Yang Bingqian and Peng mengri initiated the transformation ofDongshan academy into a public Dongshan primary school in Xiangxiang county. InJanuary 1905, they began to recruit students for three years (two years after1921). From then on to 1940, there were 45 classes with more than 20__graduates. In the beginning, it was changed from the eighth class to the digitalclass.

Dongshan primary school has a school motto and a school song. The schoolmotto says: "honesty, diligence and Thrift", and the black gold plaque is hungin the main hall. On both sides of the column, there is a couplet: "when thepublic is finished, they will govern privately, and when the teacher is strict,they will respect the way.". The curriculum setting, teaching management andteaching methods of primary schools are carried out in accordance with theprinciples and requirements of modern schools. At that time, the coursesincluded self-cultivation, Chinese, history, geography, mathematics, physics,chemistry, English, sports, pictures, music, etc. The teaching method emphasizesthe combination of leading and subject, teaching and learning, theory andpractice, so as to make it lively.

Dongshan high school has an excellent teaching team and a group of teacherswith progressive ideas and unique insight, such as Li Yuanfu, Gong Yipeng, XiaoYueying and Shen Chunlong. Gong Yipeng is strict in school management anddiligent in teaching. During his tenure as the head of the school, his studentsachieved excellent results, and he was awarded by the Secretary of HunanProvince. Li Yuanfu was enthusiastic about the cause of education, activelyadvocated new learning, and had a good eye for pearl. When Mao Zedong came tothe school to apply for the examination, after reading his examinationcomposition entitled "Yan Zhi", Li immediately praised him highly, thought thathe was "a material to save the country", and accepted him out of the ordinary.Later, he supported him to apply for the secondary school in Changsha. XiaoYueying was poor all her life, indifferent to fame and wealth, and lovededucation. He and his sons Xiao San and Xiao Zisheng gave Mao Zedong greatsupport and help. In order to carry forward his interest in education, hisdescendants donated his little legacy to Dongshan school and set up the "XiaoYueying scholarship". Shen Chunnong participated in the democratic revolution inhis early years, joined the party in 1925, joined the peasant movement duringthe great revolution, and finally died generously. In addition, there are manywell-known and unknown progressive teachers. For example, in 1930, martyr YangZailin was killed by Kuomintang reactionaries on the Bank of Lianshui River. Thenext day, a teacher of Dongshan primary school wrote a poem and angrilydenounced that the storm of Longcheng was cold in Lianshui, and the blood of thestrong men spilled on the beach. He became a hero in eighteen, and looked at thegreen mountains on the Zhenxiang stage. "

Lujiazui financial and trade zone is the main financial center of Shanghai,China. It is located on the Bank of Huangpu River in Pudong New Area, facing theBund. As one of the two major financial centers (jiangbeizui and Lujiazui) ofthe national financial and trade zone and the national strategic economic belt"Yangtze River Economic Belt" in the new era, Lujiazui is the headquarters ofmany banks. In 1990, the State Council announced the development of Pudong andestablished the first national financial development zone in Lujiazui; Foreignfinancial institutions operating RMB business must set up offices in Lujiazuifinancial and trade zone. Therefore, at present, there are many foreignfinancial institutions setting up offices in Lujiazui, including HSBC, Citibank,Standard Chartered Bank, Bank of East Asia, etc.

Lujiazui street is located in the northwest of Pudong New Area, startingfrom Pudong South Road and Taidong road in the East, along lujiadu road in thesouth, and close to Huangpu River in the West and North. It has a land area of6.89 square kilometers, more than 160000 residents and 31 residents committees.The office is at 55 Fushan Road, Pudong New Area. Lujiazui area is also known asLujiazui, XiaoLuJiaZui and Lujiazui financial and trade zone. Small Lujiazui:"Pudong South Road, Dongchang Road", Lujiazui financial and Trade Zone: "NanpuBridge Longyang Road, Yangpu Bridge Luoshan road", namely the inner part ofPudong.

During the Yongle period of Ming Dynasty, the Huangpu River system wasformed. After converging with Wusong River from south to north, the river turnedto the East and formed a mouth shaped alluvial beach on the east bank. Lu Shen,a scholar of the Imperial Academy of the Ming Dynasty, was born and died here,so this beach is called Lujiazui. There are many rivers in the territory,including gaoxiangbang, xiejiabang, dongyangjingbang, Lujiazui port, etc. At theend of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, there were scatteredfishermen in the southwest and middle of the territory, and later formed Pengshouse. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, a pond wasbuilt to prevent flood and salt tide. There was a barren beach outside the pondand a ditch inside the pond. Boat people from Jiangsu and other places came tosettle here and gradually formed natural village houses such as yangjiamao,yujiamen, huayuanshiqiao and yefangqiao. Wangjiamen village was formed inJiaqing period of Qing Dynasty. In the light years of the Qing Dynasty, naturalvillages such as Zhangjiayan, wujianong and jiangjianong were formed.

After 1862, Britain, the United States, France, Japan and Germanysuccessively built warehouses, docks, stacks and factories. In the 10th year ofTongzhi, the Qing government established the ship Merchants Group, the NorthWharf in lannidu and the South trestle in Lujiazui. British businessmen builtTaigu Inn in lannidu. In lujiadu, there are Yongxing Inn, Ruiji, huoyouchi, etc.Lujiazuiyan

Jiang first built yingshangxiang pig iron factory, Japanese Huangpushipyard, Rihua yarn factory, yingshangmaosheng yarn factory, British andAmerican tobacco factory, etc. National industry and commerce also set uptianzhang paper mill, Yingchang match mill, hongxiangxing ship repair andmanufacturing plant, etc. The commerce in lannidu area is becoming more and moreprosperous. A large number of household appliances, building materials such asbrick, tile, bamboo and wood, and all kinds of local products are taking this asthe distribution center, gradually forming a commercial street. During the AntiJapanese War, the commerce in the territory gradually moved from lannidu roadand Lujiazui road to Dongchang Road. From the south to the north, there areeight sampan boats, including lujiadu, lannidu, youlonglu, longmaozhan,Chunjiang, fenshan, xiaonanyang and taitongzhan. At present, most of the ferriesare occupied by factories and warehouses. There are only three ferry stations,Dongchang Road, taitongzhan and Lujiazui.

After liberation, Dongchang Road became the most prosperous commercialstreet in Pudong area. There are century old Songsheng oil sauce shop, dahongyunrestaurant, Dongfang mutton noodle shop, dexingguan and other famous and specialshops, and all kinds of other shops should be complete. Dongning road andLujiazui market were newly established.

In 1992, there were 26 municipal industries and 14 District Industries inLujiazui. Among them, Shanghai casing factory, which earns us $20__ million inforeign exchange annually, Shanghai United Wool Textile Co., Ltd., the firstjoint venture between Shanghai and Hong Kong, and Shanghai No.3 dairy factory,which produces 260000 bottles of fresh milk per day. After the development andopening up of Pudong, new developments have taken place in the commercial andfinancial industries in the territory. Since 1980, dozens of stores have beenset up on both sides of Dongchang Road, including Agricultural Bank of China,Pudong telephone office, Hudong shopping mall, evergreen flower shop, Lihua homeappliance shop, the first Marketing Department of far east elevator factory,Hongjiang clothing shop, etc. On the south side of the east section of DongchangRoad, Pudong branches such as Bank of communications, peoples Construction Bankof China, Bank of China, Shanghai Trust and trade investment company, Pudongbranch of peoples Insurance Company of China and other financial institutionshave been set up. In 1992, China Eastern Airlines Pudong ticket office, ChinaConstruction Bank and Shanghai Investment Trust Corporation Pudong securitiesbusiness department were opened in China.

After liberation, through social reform and rectification, the organizationof the residents committee in Lujiazui has been continuously improved. Since1958, the streets have organized housewives to participate in collectiveproductive labor. In 1960, more than 1000 housewives successively went to workand organized a number of neighborhood collective enterprises and institutions,such as the production group of lane, nurseries, canteens and processing farms.In May 1984, they were all assigned to the district administration of collectiveundertakings. In 1979, the street cooperative was founded, with service,catering and other industries. It has developed to more than 20 households. Inthe second half of 1984, the street industrial and commercial enterprises wereset up, and now there are 47. At the end of 1992, the total turnover was 29.2187million yuan and the profit was 21.658 million yuan. Among them, the turnover ofstreet run enterprises was 18.8782 million yuan, with a profit of 1.244 millionyuan; the turnover of cooperatives was 6.5218 million yuan, with a profit of 343million yuan; the turnover of civil affairs welfare enterprises was 3.8187million yuan, with a profit of 5788 million yuan. The tax revenue of privateenterprises is 322500 yuan, and that of individual industry and commerce is459600 yuan. In order to improve the housing conditions of residents, from theeast of Pucheng road to the south of Pudong Road, the shops and houses on bothsides of Dongchang Road were demolished, and high-rise and multi-storey housesand shops were built. The original width of the road was widened from 14.5 to 20meters to 24 meters. Yangjiagou, xixiaoshiqiao, gaoyoubang, lujiadubang andother rivers have been filled and leveled. Reconstruction and widening oflujiadu Road, Tiandu Road, Dongchang Road, Dongning Road, Lujiazui Road, PudongSouth Road and Taidong Road, etc. all tanjie roads in the area are 19027 squaremeters. 20__ households use LPG. Demolish xixiaoshiqiao, wujianong, zhujiazhai,etc.

In addition, new village houses such as Changhang, Changtian, Taoyuan,Dongchang and Dongyuan have been built. By the end of 1992, the new buildingarea had reached 530000 square meters. The residents of xiaoshiqiao in the westof Pudong South Road have moved to build an 18 storey Yindu building withcomprehensive financial office. In the original site of Huangpu workersStadium, Pudong customs building, about 90 meters high, is built across theriver from Puxi old customs building. There are also new Shanghai building,China Merchants Building, China Construction Bank building, Sanli building,Securities Building and Shanghai navigation center.

With convenient land and water transportation, the original three ferrystations have been expanded, and the Yanan East Road cross river tunnel hasbeen built. There are 13 bus lines passing by.

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

踱步沧浪亭，未进园门便见一池绿水绕于园外，临水山石嶙峋，复廊蜿蜒如带，廊中的漏窗把园林内外山山水水融为一体。园内以山石为主景，山上古木参天，山下凿有水池，山水之间以一条曲折的复廊相连。沧浪亭外临清池，曲栏回廊，古树苍苍，垒叠湖石。人称“千古沧浪水一涯，沧浪亭者，水之亭园也”。

沧浪亭主要景区以山林为核心，四周环列建筑，亭及依山起伏的长廊又利用园外的水画，通过复廊上的漏窗渗透作用，沟通园内、外的山、水，使水面、池岸、假山、亭榭融成一体。园中山上石径盘旋，古树葱茏，箬竹被覆，藤萝蔓挂，野卉丛生，朴素自然，景色苍润如真山野林。

著名的沧浪亭即隐藏在山顶上，它高踞丘岭，飞檐凌空。亭的结构古雅，与整个园林的气氛相协调。亭四周环列有数百年树龄的高大乔木五、六株。亭上石额“沧浪亭”为俞樾所书。石柱上石刻对联： 清风明月本无价;近水远山皆有情。 上联选自欧阳修的《沧浪亭》诗中“清风明月本无价，可惜只卖四万钱”句，下联出于苏舜钦《过苏州》诗中“绿杨白鹭俱自得，近水远山皆有情”句。全园漏窗共108式，图案花纹变化式端，无一雷同，构作精巧，环山就有59个，在苏州古典水宅园中独树一帜。

沧浪亭园中最大的主体建筑是假山东南部面阔三间的“明道堂”。明道堂取“观听无邪，则道以明”意为堂名。为明、清两代文人讲学之所。堂在假山、古木掩映下，屋宇宏敞，庄严肃穆。墙上悬有三块宋碑石刻拓片，分别是天文图，宋舆图和宋平江图(苏州城市图)。相传乾隆帝南巡时，曾召誉满江浙的苏州评弹艺人王周士于此堂内说书。堂南，“瑶华境界”、“印心石层”、“看山楼”等几处轩亭都各擅其胜。折而向北，有馆三间名“翠玲珑”，四周遍植翠竹，取“日光穿竹翠玲珑”意而为名。

竹是沧浪亭自苏舜钦筑园以来的传统植物，亦是沧浪亭的特色之一。现植各类竹20余种。“翠玲珑” 馆连贯几间大小不一的旁室，使小馆曲折，绿意四周，前后芭蕉掩映，竹柏交翠，风乍起，万竿摇空，滴翠匀碧，沁人心脾。同“翠玲珑”相邻的是五百名贤祠，祠中三面粉壁上嵌594幅与苏州历史有关的人物平雕石像，为清代名家顾汀舟所刻。五百名贤只是取其整数而言。

沧浪亭每五幅像合刻一石，上面刻传赞四句，从中可知这些古贤的概况，他们是从春秋至清朝约2520xx年间与苏州历史有关的人物。名贤中的绝大部分是吴人，也有外地来苏为官的名宦。名贤像多数临自古册，也有的来自名贤后裔，具有文献价值。

园中西南有假山石洞，名“印心石屋”。山上有小楼名“看山楼”，登楼可览远近苏州风光。此外还有仰止亭和御碑亭等建筑与之映衬。沧浪亭著名的建筑还有观鱼处等。另有石刻34处，计700多方。

Hello, everyone. Im Xiao Li, your tour guide. Welcome to the beautifulsunshine city of Lhasa.

Lhasa, the capital of Tibet Autonomous Region of China, has a history ofmore than 1300 years. It is the political, economic, cultural and religiouscenter of the region

It is located in the middle of the Tibetan Plateau, 3650 meters above sealevel, surrounded by mountains, flat terrain, mild climate, annual sunshine timeof about 3000 hours, so it has the reputation of sunshine city.

In the middle of the seventh century, Songzanganbu established the TuboDynasty here. In the Tang Dynasty, after entering Tibet, Princess Wenchengproposed to build a temple by filling the lake with white goats. After thecompletion of the temple, in order to commemorate the contributions of thetemple and the goat, the temple was named Reza. Later, it became the name of thecity and evolved into Lhasa, which means Yangtu city.

For thousands of years, Lhasa has become the center of political andreligious activities in Tibet several times, so Lhasa has become a truly sacredplace.

In the general impression, Lhasa is composed of Potala Palace, Bajiaostreet, Jokhang Temple, sera temple, Drepung temple and Lhasa River. However,Tibetans believe that strictly speaking, Lhasa only refers to Potala Palace,Jokhang Temple and Bajiao street built around Jokhang Temple. Next, let me showyou around the real Lhasa.

What we are seeing now is the world-famous Potala Palace. Is itshocking.

Potala is a Tibetan translation, namely Putuo. According to legend, TibetanBuddhists think that Hongshan is comparable to Guanyins St. Putra mountain, sothey compare it to the second Putra mountain.

The Potala Palace was built in the 7th century for Princess Wencheng, whomarried in Tibet. A total of 999 rooms and 1000 original red mansions werebuilt. It is the highest and largest palace style building complex in the world,with an altitude of more than 3700 meters and an area of more than 360000 squaremeters.

Having said so much, we still dont know which parts the Potala Palace iscomposed of.

The Potala Palace City consists of four parts: the Red Palace, the WhiteHouse, the Dragon King pool behind the mountain, and the snow at the foot of themountain.

The Red Palace is the ancient pagoda hall and various Buddhist halls, whichis located in the center and the top of the whole building. The White Houseembraces the Red Palace, including palaces, sutra halls, gaxia, the former localgovernment of Tibet, and the school of monks and officials. Longwangtan is theback garden of Potala Palace. There is a large pool in the garden center. Thereis an island in the pool. There are longwanggong palace and elephant house onthe island. Snow is at the foot of Potala Palace, where there are prisons,printing houses, workshops and stables of gaxia, the former local government ofTibet.

At the beginning of its construction, the scale of the Potala Palace wasnot as grand as it is now, but gradually expanded with the continuous expansionin the future. Several generations have participated in the expansion and designof the palace, and the cost is huge. It was not until 1936, when the 13th Lamaspagoda hall was completed, that the Potala Palace became its present scale. Sofar, it is like a mysterious symbol, attracting countless people to come toTibet. Those lucky enough to enter the Potala Palace are very lucky.

If you look at this building, do you think it is extremely dazzling? Thisis the famous Jokhang Temple.

Located in the center of Lhasa, the Jokhang Temple has a history of 1350years. It is the most splendid Tibetan Architecture in Tibet. It was first builtin 647. It was jointly built by Songzanganbu, Princess Wencheng of Tang Dynastyand princess Chizun of Nepal. After many expansion, it has formed a grand scalewith an area of more than 25100 square meters. There are more than 20 halls inthe temple. The main hall is four stories high, with gold-plated copper tiletop, which is magnificent. It has the architectural style of Tang Dynasty, andalso absorbs the artistic characteristics of Nepalese and Indianarchitecture.

There is a legend about the origin of the Jokhang Temple.

That was 1300 years ago, when Lhasa was still a wilderness and lake. TheTibetan king wanted to build a temple here in order to honor the 8-year-oldstatue of Sakyamuni brought by Princess Chizun of Nepal. According to legend,temples were built in the daytime and collapsed at night. The temple has neverbeen built. Later, Princess Wencheng came here. Because she knew the eighttrigrams of yin and Yang, she explained that the whole Qinghai Tibet Plateau wasa Luocha girl lying on her back. The witch was in the shape of a human, with herhead to the East and her legs to the West. The lake where the Jokhang Temple islocated is just the heart of the Luocha woman, and the lake water is her blood.So Princess Wencheng said that if she wanted to build a temple, she had to fillthe lake first, and first she had to calm the heart of the witch. Then she alsorecommended another 12 small temples to build 13 temples in remote areas, whichcould hold the limbs and joints of the witch.

It is worth mentioning that in the middle of the hall is a 12-year-oldgilded bronze statue of Sakyamuni brought by Princess Wencheng from Changan.The 8-year-old statue of Sakyamuni brought by Princess Chizun of Nepal wastransferred to Xiaozhao temple in the 8th century.

Tibetan people call the statue of Sakyamuni wearing a crown "Jue Wo".Pilgrims touch their knees with their foreheads, believing that they can prayfor themselves, for their friends, and even for their friends. Believers fromremote areas present hada to Jue Wo for their fellow villagers, just like takinga message to Jue wo.

Dazhao temple is the belief center of Tibetan Buddhism. The temple is fullof incense all day long. Believers are worshiping devoutly, and thousands ofbutter lamps are always on. All these record the never-ending footprints ofpilgrims.

After visiting the Jokhang Temple, of course, lets have a look at our oldand busy Bajiao street. Have you felt the strong flavor of Tibetan life now?

Bajiao street is the pronunciation of Paco street. Paco means the streetaround the Jokhang Temple.

The octagonal street is round, like a huge clock, and the magnificentJokhang Temple is the clock axis. According to Tibetan Buddhists, a circlearound the Jokhang Temple is called "zhuanjing" to show the worship of SakyamuniBuddha in the temple. Bajiao street is also the main route for Tibetan Buddhiststo turn their Buddhist scriptures. Every day, people who kowtow for three stepscome here to worship the Buddha in front of the Jokhang Temple. Some of thesepilgrims are even teenagers. They often really kowtow to Lhasa from thousands ofmiles away. They not only had a long way to go, but also could not earn money bydoing odd jobs. In order to make pilgrimage, they had to endure a very miserablelife on the way.

Bajiao street is a famous commercial center and an important commoditydistribution center in Tibet. At present, there are more than 120 handicraftshops and more than 200 stalls in Bajiao street. Here you can find all kinds ofgood things, all kinds of Tibetan ornaments, Nepalese jewelry, small crafts,carpets, Thangka, etc. Of course, its also a paradise for delicious food.Tibetan food is the most characteristic. All over the country, there are variousflavors of CAI.

Well, thats the end of my explanation. I hope you have a good time inLhasa.

周末的时候，陪着妈妈去康熙的后花园度了个假。 自驾游玉田至承德一百九十公里，两个半小时，时间仓促，没做好功课，带着老人，景点没有逛全，略有遗憾，给后去者做攻略参考。

? 承德避暑山庄又称热河行宫，是清代前中期皇帝夏季避暑和处理政务的场所，位于中国河北省承德市中心北部，是中国现存面积最大的皇家园林。

?整个山庄分为宫殿区、湖泊区、平原区、山峦区，城墙依山而建，相当广阔，想要完全逛下来一整天的时间不充分。门票145元每人，包含宫殿区博物馆的门票，湖泊区和山峦区必须乘交通工具才能游览，船票加电瓶车票费用每人100，山峦区面积庞大，建议不是纯驴友不要步行进入，如果想省时省力，有两种选择，首先可以从宫殿区进来以后，在山峦区脚下购买环山游览车票(50元/人)，游览车单向环山行驶，停靠四站，每一站都有不同的风景且是拍照绝佳地点。坐电瓶车游览需一个小时，山顶能看到承德全貌和外八庙全貌，仿照西藏布达拉宫建筑的小布达拉宫全景。

赶上周末人多，电瓶车排队需近两个小时，放弃游览山峦区 ，建议朋友们避开周末和旅游旺季。

? 其次，乘船游览湖泊区，船费用每人60元，金山岛、烟雨楼、热河。

?湖区虽然没有颐和园的昆明湖那么大，但是由于洲岛错落，湖面被长堤和洲岛分割成5个湖，各湖之间又有桥相通，两岸绿树成荫，显得曲折有致，秀丽多姿。

?全程游览，建议请一导游，导游费一百五十元，也可以在宫殿区门前租用电子导游(40元)，有导游全程陪同讲解，否则就蹭导游听，如果随便逛逛，那就感觉老公园别无两样。

由于时间关系， 我们仅游览了，宫殿区、乘船湖泊区3岛、步行远观平原区，时间4个小时。

山庄正殿大门的上方悬有一块匾,“避暑山庄”四个镏金大字,为康熙皇帝的御笔,字体浑厚、有力,虽历经几百年仍熠熠生辉;匾额四边镂空雕刻着花纹,古朴、厚重,精美绝伦,分外醒目,是难得的精品。

若不是导游提醒，我还真没有发现避字多了一横，查史料记载来看,此为康熙皇帝特意加了一笔，特意指出"此是避暑之避,不是避难之避”。

大家好，我是新华游旅行社的优秀导游李凡，你们可以叫我李导，我的联系电话是……，

接下来这两天将由我陪大家度过。下面我跟大家简要介绍一下庐山的优美风光。

庐山座落于江西省北部，位于长江中游南岸，北接鄱阳湖，是集自然景观与人文景观于一体的旅游圣地。

庐山是中国第四纪冰川学说的诞生地，被称为中国的"地质公园"，众多的奇峰、怪石、瀑布、岩洞形成了奇特瑰丽的山岳景观。它的风光素有"匡庐奇秀甲天下"的美誉，以"奇、秀、险、雄"闻名于世，现主要有12个景区、37个景点、230个景物景观，"春山如滴，夏山如翠，秋山如醉，冬山如玉"是庐山风景的最好写照。

庐山的生物资源丰富，有植物3000余种，鸟类170多种，在鄱阳湖鸟类保护区越冬的鸟达100万余只，真可以称为鸟的天堂呢!

庐山自古就是旅游圣地，众多历史名人留下了描写庐山美景的诗篇。李白的《望庐山瀑布》：日照香炉生紫烟，遥看瀑布挂前川。飞流直下三千尺，疑是银河落九天。就是其中的代表作。

听完我的介绍，你们被庐山秀丽的风景吸引住了吗?让我们一起到庐山中去领略大自然的美景吧!

The "51" section, I play with mom and dad go to changsha, big aunt. In theevening, we went to the riverside sight for a walk and play.

Just to the sight, a wide bright river caught my eye. "Wow! Noah cruise!Can eat, sleep and play inside!" My fathers eyes flashing dazzling light. Ilooked over at: cruise ships lined with regular level, each layer with a light,crowded, noisy, really enviable!

The river is more interesting. River water wave ripples, rolling, roll upgently, like a small fish play with joy.

The most compelling is that a row of light on the bridge. The light is verydifferent. Inscribed with many of the verses of the poet, the content changedfrom time to time and the head of the poet can see clearly. Such Settings arebeautiful and elegant, make a trip to visit the people side of the whileenjoying the famous poem.

There are many rockery. Rockery is very realistic, modelling is coloredlights illuminate the delicate small pavilion, all sorts of color of the tree...It is a beautiful park. People comfortable to sit in the pavilion, a rockery onthe lush, green trees and bright, breathing the fresh air of kawakazebrings.

Some people walked on the road, stop-start, talk with joy; Some people aresinging, dancing, dancing; Some people sat on the stool, do nothing, comfortablerest; Others move, dont you let me, I wont let you.

Walking on the road, sitting on the edge, on everyones face is relaxedsmile. Beautiful sight let people enjoy a comfortable life. Changsha people livein the beautiful changsha! Enjoying the beautiful sight landscape, dad taught mea new word: peaceful country and safe people. Oh, this is called the peacefulcountry and safe people!

Zhaoqing seven star rock is located 2 kilometers north of Zhaoqing City.The scenic area is composed of five lakes, six hills, seven rocks and eightcaves, covering an area of 8.23 square kilometers. There are mountains in thelake, caves in the mountains and rivers in the caves. The scenery is like afairyland in the world, but the city is not seen in the city. Qixingyan ismainly characterized by karst karst landform of rock peaks and lake landscape.Seven limestone peaks arranged like Beidou Qixing are skillfully distributed onthe surface of the lake with an area of 6.3 square kilometers. The lake isdivided into five lakes by more than 20 kilometers of levees, with beautifulscenery. It is known as "fairyland on earth" and "the first wonder in Lingnan".Qixingyan cliff carvings, a state-level cultural relic protection unit, is themost preserved and concentrated group of cliff carvings in South China, so it isnamed Qixingyan.

五大连池英语导游词

五大连池位于黑龙江省北部，地处小兴安岭山地向松嫩平原的过渡地带，距哈尔滨380公里，距黑河230公里。下面是第一范文网带来的五大连池英语导游词，希望可以帮到大家。

篇一：五大连池英语导游词

Dear visitors:

Everybody is good! Hello everyone and welcome to China Sou springs of the township, national nature reserve - wudalianchi tourism. Very honored to accompany you to appreciate the magic volcanic landscape, and hope my tour guide can provide high quality service for you.

Wudalianchi places of scenic spot, is located in neuilly Hume river, covers an area of 1060 square kilometers. Scenic area is mainly composed of the new period and the old period volcano 14, 5 volcanic lake (five dalian pool), more than 60 square kilometers "shilong" (basalt platform) and has a high health care value of low temperature cold spring. Here is very rich in tourism resources, setting mountains, water, deep and remote, lava qiao fold, magical medicine springs, known as the natural volcanic park, opened the volcanic textbooks and famous tourist resort spa.

14 might wudalianchi volcanoes are arranged "well" glyph, name is: medicine mountain spring, WoHuShan, bijia mountain, north and south mountain, things coke granite ball cloth to the mountains, maura, tail mountain, longmen mountain, the xiaogushan, black dragon mountain and fire mountain, there are 12 remote volcano s, one of the earliest can reach tens of thousands of years, or even hundreds of thousands of years. Two younger volcano is the black dragon mountains and fire, between 1719 and 1721 eruption, history records the heilongjiang, "ning pagodas generations have written records. In with volcanic eruptions, lava put lots of Hume river tributary of rolling, middle cut into five sections, baihe formed five arranged as a string of beads connected to other volcanic lake, both head pool, pool, pool, four, five pool, pool known as wudalianchi. Five pool has a boundary river between communication, running more than 20 kilometers up to 40 m2 kilometers, the lake total capacity of 170 million cubic meters. Five pool of clear water ying ying, the ornament is between 14 volcano, with wide basalt platform together, draw into a set of strange mountain, water, stone landscape.

Wudalianchi volcanic landscape not only unique, but also is rich in a magical efficacy of mineral water.

Of wudalianchi mineral water, there is a beautiful legend. According to legend a long time ago, wudalianchi area, towering old trees, the grass lush. An orogen hunter, looking for a sika deer shot. Deer with arrows in the previous run, chase after the hunter followed the blood. The deer dont run into the mountains, but ran into a pool, the hunter feel a little strange, standing at the edge of the rock to watch, see deer in not washing the wound, tongue licking and landed, blood flow, striding ran into the mountains. He went to the spring took to drink a mouthful of water with the hand, feel refreshed. Later, a hunter as long as a little ailment, small disaster to spring water treatment, are in addition to the water to the disease. It springs from then on, people are regarded as "holy water", after the fifth lunar month every year, people have to drink the water "zero". People drink, it is said, to "zero water" can eliminate the evil illnesses, longer live.

Although it is a legend, but five dalian pool of water does have prevention and cure and fitness function, according to scientific determination: mineral water contains more than 40 essential trace elements, but with the world famous "Vichy France, Russia, the Caucasus" mineral water, and called the world three big cold spring.

Nature guifushengong created wudalianchi unique landscape. Wudalianchi scenic area has been proven there are more than 100 scenic spots, is divided into seven major scenic spots. Has now developed more than 70 sites, the main award in fire mountain scenic area, medicine spring mountain scenic area and focal scenery area.

篇二：五大连池英语导游词

Welcome to here! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you can call me little x. For a fun filled visit to in order to facilitate everyone, let me first introduce you.

Beautiful wudalianchi, there are many scenic spots, such as LaoHeiShan etc. Today I want to introduce the scenic spot of wudalianchi.

Our first stop is LaoHeiShan. This is an active volcano, heard that it is the tallest of wudalianchi volcano. The mountains, there are a lot of volcano volcano is every volcano lava flow, to stop a volcano erupts, magma accumulation. Get to the point, the most spectacular LaoHeiShan is crater. There were lots of fire aspen crater, some moss, looks very beautiful. The LaoHeiShan trip to aspen my biggest feeling is to fire. It stands in the volcanic fissure, in when a volcano erupts, it faced with speed, no fear, also can be in baidu, survive, its a tough life. And have strong ability to adapt, this also is worth me to learn.

The next station is ice. Although here is very cold, but very beautiful natural ice sculpture. Here is the most beautiful ice sculpture is the number of pagoda ice sculptures. Pagoda ice sculpture is orange, the top very chic, here and there are a lot of small, every door has a different color, the most beautiful in the fence, also very chic.

篇三：五大连池英语游记

My hometown is in the black dragon river, here a beautiful all the year round, the charming scenery.

And connect to the spring, all things recovery, woke up again, and connect with a yawn, hard to stretch, shaking the 708 put on ice. Skyline river ice countless large and small, like a hammering, crowded on a highway. After a few days of ice melt, along the river "slip away". Has disappeared, only "a spring waters flow east" mighty, ran to the distance.

At this time of the plants and trees along the Banks of the changed a lot, they are on the river under the "moisture", so the fruit. If the came to the river, youll see the sun, water, Jiang Ou with trees and flowers of a beautiful "landscape painting".

Summer, spring dolls took a spring, summer girl here.

Far, heilongjiang like a white "twisted", it is in our country and Russia on the border of the country.

Close look, broad river, ship, including patrol boats, ornamental ship, cargo ship, a...

River of tourists, some people in swimming, some people in fishing, the fish is much, much like the big fish games. On the beach, some people fear of hot is marked by the sun umbrellas, some have set up a shed.

Li jiang, solid, so spectacular, flowers everywhere. He said that heihe this paragraph! A smooth floor tile on the riverbank.

Along the park, the flowers, grass green, tree leaves, light so bright, water fountain, young children playing together with fountains. When I see these, can make people have a feast for the eyes, linger.

Summer girl took a summer, autumn girl came to our side with a crayon.

After the beginning of autumn day turned blue, autumn girl herself a suit of crayons are used in the leaves and the road, as a result, the leaves yellow, fell from the tree is, far see like handfuls of ingots, really likeable.

The autumn wind blows, let people feel of cool and refreshing. Autumn is a good season, especially for farmers, agriculture development of uncle hard depends on the arrival of the autumn girl. The crops mature, let people are particularly happy.

Fall girl took a beautiful autumn, winter girl brought a lovely winter.

In winter, it is a beautiful season, already can do ice sculptures, and can do ice lanterns.

The pairs of hands of workers get ice sculpture lifelike, lifelike, a large palace, there is a castle in the town, some like China, varied.

Even more interesting is ice lanterns, all lifelike, is the so-called "I port view". People are praised.

Cold in the winter, although, it is a place where tourists have been yearning for.

Ah! Heilongjiang, you with clear water, irrigation with fertile farmland, along with the Chinese people here. You all the year round, only forward, never retreat, your character not just as the Chinese descendants of the Chinese nation?

各位团友大家好!很荣幸今天由我陪伴各位参观历史文化名城遵义的标志性人文景观——遵义会议会址。提到贵州提到遵义，或许您并不了解。但是若提到遵义会议，想必你也会略知一二吧!

遵义会议会址位于遵义市红花岗区子尹路96号，是全国重点文物保护单位，全国红色旅游经典景区，国家4A级旅游景区。1935年1月15日至17日就在这里召开了著名的遵义会议。遵义会议是中国共产党历史上的一次重要会议，会议结束了王明“左”倾冒险主义在党中央的领导，确定了以毛主席为核心的新的领导集体，确立了毛主席在党中央的领导地位。在党生死攸关的危急关头挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命。是中国共产党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，是中国共产党走向成熟的标志。

各位团友，现在我们来到了遵义会议会址的大门。各位团友请抬头看，那苍劲有力的“遵义会议会址”六个金光闪闪的大字便是毛主席为全国革命纪念地题字的唯一一处。

遵义会议会址主楼坐北朝南，是一幢砖木结构的中西合璧的两层建筑。上盖灰瓦，歇山式屋顶，整个建筑分为主楼和跨院两部分。主楼楼房四周有回廊，楼房的檐下柱间有十个卷拱支撑，保留了我国古建筑“彻上明造”的结构风格。

现在，我们来到了著名的遵义会议的会议室，这原本为房主的小客厅。会议室呈长方形，面积27平方米。室内陈设基本上是当年开会的原貌。洋员灯、挂钟、壁柜、椅子以及火盆都以原有的风貌与各位见面。会场景点虽简陋狭小，然而正是在这里取消了博古、李德等人的军事指挥权，确立了毛主席、周恩来的军事领导地位，决定了党和红军的命运。

现在我们来到的是周恩来的办公室兼居住室，它位于主楼西头第一间，室内按原状陈列老式木架，粗布垫单、薄棉被、铜墨盒、马灯、笔筒的物件。壁上持枪、望远镜和竹斗笠以及周恩来长征到陕北后的留影。从这些物件中，我们可以想象周恩来在战争岁月中呕心沥血的生涯，令人肃然起敬。朱德、康克、刘伯承及参谋员的住所都和周恩来的一个样，除了生活上和工作上的物品以外就什么也没有了。我们不难想象到他们在那艰苦曲折的革命道路上英姿飒爽的风姿以及随时为革命牺牲的精神!

遵义会议陈列馆为遵义20世纪30年代民居特色的二层建筑。陈列馆由序厅和“战略转移”、“遵义会议”、“四渡赤水”、“胜利会师”、“永放光芒”五部分组成，内容以红军长征为主线，以有关热舞和事件为板块，以遵义会议和四渡赤水为重点，点线面有机串联起来。同时反映红军在遵义的活动和整个红军长征的概貌。陈列内容有红军长征，进军贵州;遵义会议;四渡赤水之战三部分。展览线长160米，展出革命文物，历史照片、图表资料236件。

遵义会议集中解决了当时具有决定意义的军事和组织问题，肯定了毛主席的军事战略主张，确立了毛主席在党和红军中的领队地位。会议在极其危急的情况下挽救了党，挽救了红军，挽救了中国革命。是中国共产党历史上一个生死攸关的转折点，中国革命从此打开了新的局面。

这座绛红色的建筑就是镇海楼，它是广州文化史迹引人注目的一颗明珠，被誉为岭南第一胜景。镇海楼因其楼高五层而称其为“五层楼”。此楼于明洪武十三年(1380年)，由永嘉侯朱亮祖所建，初名“望海楼”，后又题名为“镇海楼”，有雄镇海疆之意。1956年改为广州博物馆。

关于镇海楼的兴建，有一段有趣的传说。朱元璋得了天下，定都南京，建立明朝之后。一天，他和铁冠道人同游南京钟山，游兴正浓之时，铁冠忽然指着东南方对朱元璋说，广东海面笼罩着青苍苍的一股“王气”，似有“天子”要出世了，必须立刻在广州建造一座楼镇压住“龙脉”，否则日后必成大明的祸患。朱元璋听后，游兴顿失，急忙派人到广东查询，发现广州的越秀山上现王者之气。朱元璋立即下诏，命令镇守广州的永嘉候朱亮祖在山上建一座楼将王气镇住。圣旨下来，朱亮祖自然不敢怠慢，于是，在越秀山上兴建了这座“楼成塔状，塔似楼形”的镇海楼。该楼呈绛红色，据说亦有辟邪镇王之意。

镇海楼是广州现存最完好、最具气势和最富民族特色的古建筑，楼高28米，阔31米，共五层。第一、二层用红砂岩条石砌成，三层以上为砖墙，外墙逐层收减，似楼似塔，红墙绿瓦，造型古朴独特。楼前对峙一对高达二米的红砂岩石狮，为明代雕刻。镇海楼坐北向南，翘檐飞脊，巍峨挺拔，雄镇山巅，气度非凡，独具特色。清初著名诗人屈大均盛赞镇海楼山海形胜、玮丽雄特，虽黄鹤、岳阳不能超过它，实“可以壮三成之观瞻，而奠五岭之堂奥”。在清朝时期，镇海楼一直是广州最高的建筑物。登上楼顶，远眺珠江水波荡漾，波澜壮阔，蔚为壮观;近抚云山层峦叠翠，羊城锦绣，尽收眼底，气象万千。

镇海楼的西侧，是刚介绍过的古城墙，东侧是博物馆的专题陈列室，西面建有碑廊，陈列着历代碑刻24块，是研究历史文化名城的宝贵资料。在林林总总的碑刻中，值得一提的是“贪泉”碑刻，上面刻有晋代广州刺史吴隐之的《贪泉诗》，这里有一个发人深省的故事：

东晋时期，广州由于地处南海之滨，比较富庶，而当地官吏贪污成风。有所谓“经城一过，便得三千两”之说。广州北石门，是中原往来广州必经之地。石门有一泉水，名为贪泉，来广州上任的官员喝了贪泉水就会变为。东晋元兴初期(402—404年)，吴隐之为广州刺吏。他到广州赴任经石门时，听了这个贪泉水会改变人原来廉洁之性的传说，特地酌泉水饮并写诗一首，云：“古人云此水，一歃杯千金，试使夷齐饮，终当不易心。”吴隐之以诗铭志，在广州为官期间，果然清廉自持，留下一个清官形象。后人因而在贪泉建碑，以警示污吏。此碑原竖于石门，1963年移于此。

在碑廊旁边，有一批古炮，是明清时期广州城防大炮，其中四门由佛山所造。当年，林则徐到广州禁烟，为加强广州城的防务，命佛山炮工铸造一批大炮，这些炮便是当年所铸的。大铁炮原安放在越秀山炮台，曾在1841年和1856年的第一、第二次战争期间广州人民抗击外国侵略者的武器。战争失败后，这些铁炮和炮台一同遭遇侵略者的严重破坏，炮身两侧的炮耳被打断，点火的炮眼用铁钉钉死，使大炮失去了作用，这也充分暴露了侵略者狰狞面目与色厉内荏的本质。

五层楼顶层高悬着一个“镇海楼”金色巨匾，两边有一副木刻的楹联：

万千劫危楼尚存，问谁摘斗摩星，目空今古?

五百年故侯安在，使我倚栏看剑，泪洒英雄!

楹联是清光绪年以兵部上书衔赴粤筹办海防的彭玉麟授意其幕僚李棣华所作。联中的“故侯”即镇海楼建筑者朱亮祖，而今楼存人故，可证历史沧桑。“目空今古”和“泪洒英雄”则是有感而发。当年彭玉麟因中法战争率军入粤，驻节镇海楼上。他反对李鸿章议和不成，也只有“泪洒英雄”了。李棣华深知上司胸怀和遭遇，故由咏楼而意境磅礴，是闻名海内外的名联。转瞬六百载，镇海楼下，物换星移，人世全非。只有这绛红的古楼，经历无数劫难，多少风霜寒暑，兵荒马乱，碧瓦朱墙依然如故，它仿佛历史长者的身份，不知疲倦地向人们诉说着逝去的岁月。

五层楼现在是广州博物馆，陈列着广州从新石器时代至近现代共四千余年的历史文物。一楼容千载，两眼通古今。那一片片先人留下的粗糙石器，那一件件斑驳陆离的铜器和古陶瓷，还有发黄的历史文献和照片，让人们了解20__多年来广州城市的发展历史。

五层楼每年接待中外游客数十万人次，1996年月10月和五羊石像一起以“穗石祥楼”之名被评为广州旅游十大美景之一。随着旅游业的发展，原有的陈列已不能满足需求，政府拔专款在楼的东侧兴建了一座二层的古建筑。这座新陈列室小巧玲珑，古色古香，和五层楼交相辉映，相得益彰。

尊敬的女士们、先生们：

今天，我们将参观举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库——云冈石窟。云冈石窟位于塞外古都、煤海之乡的大同市西约16公里处，从酒店出发需要大约30分钟的时间。利用这暂短的时间，我向大家简单地介绍一下云冈石窟。

云冈石窟是北魏王朝初期开凿的大型石窟，时间约在公元460年的北魏文成皇帝时期，迄今已有1540年的历史。它与甘肃敦煌的莫高窟、洛阳的龙门石窟，并称为中国三大石窟。云冈石窟的开凿比敦煌石窟晚94年，较龙门石窟早35年的时间。它以建筑规模之大、塑像形体之高、保存之完整，而闻名天下。又因对研究中国古代史、佛教史和艺术史有极高的价值，享誉国内外。1961年，国务院将云冈石窟列为全国重点文物保护单位。1973年，法国总统蓬皮杜访华，指名要求参观云冈石窟，9月15日，周恩来总理陪同蓬皮杜总统参观了云冈石窟。我们乘坐的汽车已驶入停车场，大家请按顺序下车，在云冈石窟门前集合。

女士们、先生们，大家现在看到的像蜂窝一样排列的许多洞窟，就是云冈石窟。石窟开凿在武周山的山崖上，武周山的最高处称云冈，故名云冈石窟，原名灵岩寺，亦称石佛寺。云冈石窟为什么开凿在武周山?这与武周山这块风水宝地密切相关。武周山坐北向南，武周川内山清水秀，可以说是“藏风得水”的好地方。武周山，又称武周塞，从北魏的旧都盛乐(内蒙古和林格尔西北)到达新都平城(大同市)均要经过这里。武周山位于内外长城之间，是北魏通向北方的咽喉要道，当时人马商队来往频繁，还驻扎了重要的军队，皇帝经常在这里议论国家大事。武周山成为北魏皇帝祈福的“神山”，他们在这里遥拜北方，祈求神灵保佑江山社稷。因此，北魏皇帝在“神山”开凿石窟，创建寺院，也在情理之中。

所谓“石窟”，就是在石壁山崖上开凿的洞窟，这里冬暖夏凉，幽静神秘。古印度佛教兴起后，佛教信徒、僧侣将石窟作为礼佛和修行的场所。因为，依山雕凿石窟、佛像，比用砖石筑建寺院经久耐用。佛教是汉代经著名的丝绸之路开始传入中国，石窟寺艺术的传人，大约在3世纪。我国新疆天山南麓的克孜尔千佛洞是最早的石窟，沿丝绸之路东行还有帕孜克里克千佛洞，进入河西走廊是著名的敦煌莫高窟，安西榆林窟、天水麦积山石窟，从甘肃继续东进则是宁夏须弥山石窟、大同云冈石窟、洛阳龙门石窟等。武周山的地层岩石属于株罗纪的长石石英砂岩，石质坚硬，结构紧密，有利于石窟和造像的雕凿。

现在，大家已随我进入云冈石窟的山门，我身后的石窟参观示意图，大致告诉我们参观路线。云冈石窟依山开凿，东西绵延1公里，现存主要洞窟45个，分为东、中、西三区，东部4窟，中部9窟，西部32窟。此外还有许多小型洞窟。共计1100多龛，大小造像51000多躯。从云冈石窟西行约3公里，武周川北有吴官苍石窟。再溯河西行，距云冈15公里的高山镇，还有焦山石窟。这么多洞窟如果要细看的话，也许你一个星期的时间也看不完，目前开放有40多个洞窟，仔细观看需要2天的时间。按传统参观路线，如果大家时间充足，先从东部第1窟开始，直到第45窟结束。如果仅参观2个小时左右，则主要游览第5、6窟、五华洞、昙曜五窟。

首先我们从东部的第1、2窟开始参观。北魏开凿石窟从公元460年开始，至524年结束，约有70年的开凿历史。从洞窟的形制和雕刻艺术，有关专家将云冈石窟的开凿年代分为早、中、晚三个阶段。第1、2窟至第13窟大致以云冈石窟中期为主，成窟的年代约公元465年至494年之间。由孝文帝迁都洛阳前夕开凿，人们习惯将这些石窟称为“孝文石窟”。大家看到的第1、2窟是一组塔庙式双窟，开凿洞窟时在中央留下一个方柱，在柱子的四面开龛，龛内塑像。第1窟中心塔柱南面下层雕释迎、多宝佛，上层雕释伽;石窟后壁的主像是弥勒菩萨。弥勒菩萨是未来佛，据佛教经典讲，弥勒菩萨将继释迎佛后成佛，广说佛法，教化众生。据说当弥勒降生人世时，世界将充满光明幸福，所以古代有些农民起义常常打着弥勒降生的旗号来组织和号召群众。释迎、多宝佛并列，佛经有这样的传说，当释迦牟尼佛说《法华经》时，忽然地下涌出安置多宝佛全身的舍利塔，现于空中。释迎听到塔中的声音，告诉听经的大众说，这是过去东方世界宝净国土的佛，号为多宝。当释迦佛开启塔门，示现多宝佛身时，宝塔内的多宝佛让出半座给释迦佛。

于是，释迦人塔，与多宝同结跏趺坐，宣讲经义。第2窟中心塔柱南面下层雕释迦、多宝，上层雕三世佛;石窟的后壁主像是释迦佛。两窟的窟门两侧都雕有维摩、文殊对坐问法像。有关维摩、文殊对坐问法是南北朝、隋唐时期流行的题材，敦煌石窟的壁画就有“维摩诘图像”。佛经中有“文殊问疾”的故事，据说有一次维摩居士“示现”病相，众人前去探访。释迦牟尼知道后，派以智慧著称的文殊菩萨带领弟子前去维摩居住处。在维摩居士的丈室里，文殊菩萨和能言善辩的维摩展开大乘佛教义的讨论，使从者心服口服，也令文殊菩萨十分赞叹。第2窟前有一泉水长年涌出，泉水清凉可口，被称为“石窟寒泉”。

女士们、先生们，大家面前是云冈石窟最大的洞窟——第3窟。它被称为云冈石窟之最。洞窟崖面高25米，开窟面宽50米，规模最大。原为大型塔庙窟设计，开凿在孝文帝迁都洛阳之前，因工程浩大，北魏一代未能完工，后室的三尊大像为初唐时期补雕而成。第3窟的前室分两层，上层左右两侧各雕一塔，中部凿方形窑室，主像为弥勒菩萨，壁面满雕干佛。后室的中部塔柱壁面属北魏时期雕凿，高约10米左右的3尊大佛，属唐代作品，分别为阿弥陀佛、观世音、大势至菩萨。据专家考证，第3窟是文献记载的“通乐寺”、“灵岩寺”，当时可居僧人达3000人。

第4窟是塔庙窟，中央雕凿方形立柱，东壁交脚弥勒像保存比较完整，据考证是云冈现存纪年最晚的造像，由北魏晚期正光年间(公元520年——524年)开凿，是第1至第13窟之间仅有的晚期大窟。

现在，大家看到几座宏伟高耸的楼阁，它们建筑在洞窟的前檐，被称为窟檐建筑。据专家考证，云冈石窟的大窟前均有窟檐，但多数因战争或其它因素毁坏，现仅存的窟檐建筑为清代以后建造。第5、6窟是一组双窟，窟檐建于清代的顺治八年(1651年)，这组建筑朱红柱栏、琉璃瓦顶、巍峨挺拔、气势非凡，是五间四层的绕廊木构楼阁。第7、8窟同样是一组双窟，辽代这里被称为护国大寺，现在的窟檐是1994年由国家拨款重新建造，对保护石窟起到了重要作用。

第5窟分前后两室，洞窟形状为椭圆形的草庐式。后室佛像布局为三世佛，中间的释迦牟尼佛为结跏趺坐像，高达17米，为云冈石窟中的第一大佛像，大佛的双腿长达15.5米，膝上可容纳120人，一只脚上可站立12人。释迎佛头顶蓝色的螺髻，面部轮廓清晰，白毫点朱，细眉长目，鼻准方直，双耳垂肩，身着褒衣搏带，通肩架裳，给人端庄、肃穆、慈祥之感觉。主佛的右侧是未来世弥勒佛，左侧为过去世迦叶佛。主佛的对面是两层高约1米的8尊佛教造像，衬托着主佛更加高大、雄伟。拱门东侧雕凿着菩提树和树下二佛对坐的造像，属北魏石窟内常见的题材。请大家注意，石窟大佛的后面有一狭长的隧道，你们猜这是做什么用的吗?对了，这是佛教信徒们礼拜绕行的诵经道。

第6窟是云冈石窟中精巧著称的一窟，称“第一伟窟”。第6窟平面呈正方形，后室为中心塔柱，塔高15米，分上下两层。请大家看，四壁和塔柱的佛像采用近似圆雕的高浮雕，佛像立体感很强。四方塔柱上层的立佛是具有极高水平的楼空雕刻法，这种立佛被称为“接引佛”。我们举目四周环视，发现整个洞窟雕饰富丽堂皇，几乎找不到一块没有雕刻的空间，佛像、菩萨、罗汉、飞天、供养人和瑞鸟神兽、花卉等等，真是一座热闹拥挤、琳琅满目的佛国世界。第6窟更具有佛教和艺术感染力的是在中心塔柱的塔腰和四壁上的释迦佛陀本生故事图，艺术家以浅浮雕和高浮雕结合的手法，用连续排列的形式，运用近40幅的雕刻，表现了释迦牟尼从诞生前后到降魔成道、初转_的佛传故事。请大家随我的手势来观赏这动人的画面。

(1)迦毗罗卫国是古印度的一个国家，国王是净饭王。他和摩耶夫人，年近40岁未曾生育。膝下无子的国王非常寂寞，一天夜里，摩耶夫人梦见一位菩萨乘白象而来，后来怀了身孕。王纪有喜的消息传开，各国使臣纷纷前来祝贺。

(2)按当地习俗，妇女应回娘家分娩。公元前454年，摩耶夫人带众人回娘家，在途径毗尼公园时休息。当夫人手攀无忧树时，太子从夫人右腋下降生，取名乔达摩?悉达多。太子出生，天空出现五彩样云。

(3)太子降生时，向东西南北四方各行七步，出现步步生莲花的场面。太子一手指天，一手指地，如狮子般怒吼道：“天上地下，惟我独尊。”

(4)天上九龙口吐圣水为太子洗澡，这天称为“浴佛节”。汉传佛教将农历四月初八定为释迦的生日。

(5)天人舞乐，大象眉飞色舞，大家迎接净饭王和太子还宫。

(6)国王请仙人为太子看相，太子相貌出众，不同常人。仙人回票国王说：“太子乃大圣人降世，若留家中将继承王位，若离家则必成佛道”。

(7)国王为太子建造豪华的三时殿，选来美女让太子享乐，欲使太子消除学佛之心。大家看太子却表现深思熟虑和感触人间烦恼的神情。

(8)太子年满17岁，国王为他娶善觉国公主耶输陀罗为妻。按照风俗要试力定婚，太子一箭穿七面金鼓。

(9)太子娶妻后，在宫中娱乐。

10)娶妻生子后，太子向父王提出到宫外游玩要求。

(11)一(14)太子乘车出游，分别遇到老人、病人、死人。在一位法相庄严的僧人引导下，研修解脱人生摆脱苦难之道。

15)太子向父王请求出家修行，遭到父王的拒绝。

(16)太子乘马离宫，四天神托起太子的坐骑逾越城池而去。经过5年寻访，6年苦修，太子终于在菩提树下静坐思维，7天后悟道成佛。

(17)太子成佛后，被誉为释迦牟尼，这是释迦族圣人的意思。太子本身故事中以“鹿野苑初转_图”雕刻精美传神而著称，图中释迦牟尼正在启齿讲经，佛身边的诸弟子面带敬意双手合十洗耳恭听，就连佛陀身边的两头小鹿也因闻佛法而面带微笑。

第6窟在总体布局、造像风格、雕刻手法等方面，代表了北魏传统石窟艺术的最高境界，尤其佛像改变了过去的服装，雕成了褒衣博带式的佛装，采用了当时南朝士大夫地主阶层的服饰，被称为“太和造像”。推测孝文帝完成第6窟开凿之后，不久便迁都洛阳。大家在第6窟前室上方的门桅上，可以见到几个牌匾的把钉，这是谁的牌匾?当年清朝的康熙皇帝平定噶尔丹叛乱之后，回北京途经云冈石窟，看到第6窟雕刻的佛像如此精美，于是留下了“庄严法相”四个大字。不知何时，牌匾已不知去向。第7、8窟是孝文帝时开凿的一组双窟，属孝文帝初任皇帝时开凿，细心的朋友会问这样一个问题：“为什么孝文帝时期开凿双窟?”双窟的开凿可能与冯太后擅政有关，冯太后是文成帝的皇后，孝文帝即位时任皇太后，一切朝政大权操纵在这位冯太后手中，这种状况一直延续到冯太后逝世。当时将冯太后和孝文帝并称为二圣或二皇，冯太后世奉佛教，开凿双窟应与冯太后主持朝政有重大关系。

第7窟的主像是三世佛，造像风化严重。后室北壁佛龛分上下两层，上龛正中为弥勒佛，两侧是倚坐佛像，下层佛龛为释迦多宝对坐讲经论法图。前后室壁面分层分段大面积布置了本生故事浮雕，以及佛传故事的佛龛，以释迦佛降伏火龙的雕刻较为精美。请大家抬头观赏窟顶，在平棋藻井图案内六格，每格以莲花为中心，环绕八身飞天。传说飞天又名香音神，以能歌善舞著称，当佛讲经说法时，飞天在天空向凡界播洒四瑞花雨。在南壁拱门的上方，并排雕刻两组相向合掌而跪的6位供养天人的造像，被专家称为“云冈六美人”，这是云冈石窟中最先出现的供养人形象。

从第7窟走到相连的第8窟，发现两窟的主要造像、造像组合及其纹饰风格均基本相近。值得注意的是供养天人行列上方雕出了仿木构屋檐，这是中国传统瓦顶建筑式样，说明孝文帝初期佛教开始融人中国传统文化。第8窟门拱东西两侧的雕像，是云冈石雕中罕见的艺术品，西侧是三头六臂的坞摩罗天乘孔雀的造像，东侧为三头八臂的摩醯首罗天骑牛的造像。两组造像中，以鸠摩罗天像著名，被认为是东西方艺术最巧妙的组合。坞摩罗天又称坞摩罗什，音译是“童寿”，他是后秦时代的高僧，是中国佛教史上著名的翻译家，译出了《妙法莲花经》、《阿弥陀经》、《金刚经》等佛教经典，人们将他尊为佛教护法之神。鸠摩罗天雕像给人智慧(三头)、力量(六臂)、安详(面善)、吉祥(手托吉祥鸟)的感觉。他乘坐的孔雀，是名为“那罗延夫”的神鸟，口衔玉珠，爪趾雄健，尾巴卷起长长的羽毛。第8窟的造像给人丰富的想象力和感染力，但又因四壁雕刻被严重风化而让人痛惜。

女士们、先生们，大家请随我参观云冈中部的“五华洞”。第9窟至第13窟，在清代晚期被施以彩绘，彩绘后的五个洞窟异常华丽，五彩斑斓，被人称为“五华洞”。“五华洞”分为两组，分别为第9、10窟和第11、12、13窟。

第9、10窟是一组双窟，开凿时代略晚于7、8窟，为冯太后的阉官王遇负责设计监造，两窟初建于公元484年。第9、10窟的前室雕凿四根八角柱，每窟洞开三门，颇具汉魏以来中国建筑’“金楹(金柱)齐列，玉局(柱础)承跋”的遗风。大家看到的前室侧壁屋形龛、后室窟门上方屋形檐等雕刻，都是仿汉民族木结构的建筑形式。

第9窟后室主佛释迦像，面相方圆，右袒式的服装。西北壁下层雕凿附有榜题的分栏长卷式画面，是太子本生故事图，手法简朴。后室两侧雕护法像，显示出高超的石窟寺艺术魅力。

第10窟的主像是弥勒菩萨，壁画布置有释迦多宝并坐像。后室门楣雕饰非常精细，门楣上方的须弥山层峦叠嶂，山间二龙交首盘环，山腰间有参天的林木和奔跑的动物，山体左右雕有阿修罗天和坞摩罗天护法神。这组雕塑动静结合，虚实相问，对称均衡，别具匠心。

第9、10窟的顶部均雕有飞天造像。大家看那凌空飞舞的是歌舞神紧那罗，饰栏干圆拱龛中的伎乐神乾闼婆为她伴奏，把人们带入歌舞升平的天堂世界。飞天造像群的仙人，或吸腿跳，或倒踢，或掖腿，或双飞燕，其舞姿优美，可与敦煌的飞天造像相媲美。

第11、12、13窟是一个组合的整体形式，以第12窟为中心。第12窟是凿前后室的洞窟，前室外壁上方凿屋檐，下方雕列柱。洞开三门。后室南壁中央上凿明窗，下开窟门。两侧的11、13窟则于窟门上方各开明窗，与12窟形成左右对称的立面布局。

第11窟为塔庙窟，塔柱下层皆以立佛雕像出现，上层南面为弥勒菩萨，其他三面为倚坐佛像。窟东壁有太和七年(公元483年)邑义信士女等造95驱石庙形象铭，西壁有太和二十年(公元496年)铭龛和七佛立像。第11窟的题记是云冈石窟研究的重要资料，太和七年是现存最早的题记。

第12窟为佛殿窟，主像下龛为释迦多宝，上龛是弥勒菩萨。前室雕交脚坐佛像。第12窟是云冈石窟中著名的音乐窟，也叫佛籁洞。后室的雕像分上下两层，布局庄严肃穆。

Good morning, friends! Now, I will take you to visit Wuhou Ci, which islocated in WoLonggang, the western suburb of Nanyang city. The temple of marquisWu in Nanyang, also known as Zhuge cottage, is the former site of Zhuge Liang, afamous statesman and militarist in the Three Kingdoms period, who "worked hardin Nanyang". The place where uncle Liu visited three times in those days wasalso the place where people in the past dynasties paid homage to and sacrificedZhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang (181-234), whose name is Kongming, was born in Yangdu, LangyaCounty, Shandong Province (now the south of Yishui County, Shandong Province) atthe end of Han Dynasty. He lost his father when he was young, and then went toMu Liubiao in Jingzhou with his uncle zhugexuan. After Zhuge Xuans death, ZhugeLiang and his younger brother Zhuge all worked in Jielu, WoLonggang, Nanyang,and lived a life of cloth clothes that "lived in troubled times and did not seekfame and fame from Princes". However, he made friends with famous people allover the world. He was full of wisdom and good intentions. He lived in seclusionand pursued ambition. Mr. pound, a famous scholar at that time, compared him toa "Wolong" waiting for time to take off. In 207, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Feipaid homage to Zhuge Liang in Maolu. Since then, Zhuge Liang, 27, leftWoLonggang, where he had been working for ten years, and joined Liu Beispolitical group. Later, he became the Prime Minister of Shu Han and became theMarquis of Wuxiang. After his death, he became loyal to the marquis. Therefore,Zhuge Liangs ancestral temple is called "Marquis Temple".

According to the records of longgangzhi written by Kangxi of Qing Dynasty,Wuhou Temple was built in the late Wei and Jin Dynasties. It has beencontinuously repaired and added to form its present scale. Today, the WuhouTemple, which we see, covers an area of more than 200 mu, has more than 150halls, more than 70 procuratorial couplets and more than 300 inscriptions. It isthe largest ancient architectural complex in memory of Zhuge Liang in China.Todays Wuhou Temple maintains the layout style of the yuan and Ming Dynasties,and its wooden buildings are mostly rebuilt or added in the Ming and QingDynasties. The ancestral temple is built in accordance with the hillock, withBaihe River in the South and Zishan mountain in the north. The courtyard issurrounded by bamboo trees, pines and cypresses, clear water and pleasantscenery. The beautiful natural scenery and popular cultural landscape complementeach other, making people forget to return.

Well, members of the group, now we have come to the population of WuhouTemple. Look at this "Eternal Dragon" stone square, which is 9 meters high and13.5 meters wide. It has three doors and four columns and is full of carvings."Eternal Dragon" means that Zhuge Liang is the dragon among the people,metaphorically WoLonggang is the land of Hidden Dragon and crouching tiger. Youcan see that the second Daofang is called "Sangu Fang". It was set up during thereign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. On both sides, it is engravedwith "Sangu Chu, Emperor zhaolie of the Han Dynasty" and "true God Man". It isto commemorate Liu Beis three talents. It is because of Liu Beis sincereconsideration that Zhuge Liang left WoLonggang, where he had lived in seclusionfor ten years, to assist Liu Bei. He devoted his whole life to the army anddied. Only when he died, could Liu Bei divide the world into three parts andachieve the imperial career. Therefore, Zhuge Liangs achievements areunparalleled. Liu Beis respect for knowledge and talents is real, not justverbal. This advantage is really worth learning from some of our leaders today!The three words "true God and man" come from Su Shis Wu Hou Miao Ji, whichpraises Zhuge Liangs saying: "human, God, immortal, I dont know, true Wolong."Take a look at wolongtan in the north of Shifang. There are three ancientcatalpa trees on those sides. It is said that they were the trees that Liu, Meiand Zhang Sangu used to tie horses in those days. Now there is another one.Guess whos horse was tied to the trees more than 1700 years ago?

Through sangufang and Xianren bridge, this road leads to the mountain gate.The mountain gate is the main gate of Wuhou Temple, which is simple anddignified. The three characters "Wuhou Temple" engraved on the stone plaque onthe forehead of the central gate are inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo. After themountain gate, the first courtyard to enter Wuhou Temple is spacious, withancient cypresses covering the sun and green bricks covering the ground, whichis simple and natural. The stone square of "three generations of talents" on thecorridor in the courtyard corresponds to the hall of worship. This is to praiseZhuge Liangs talent and moral character, which can be compared with Yiyin, LVShang, Fu Shuo and so on. Lets turn around and look at the four big words"master of military strategy". Military strategy originally refers to theancient Chinese military books "six Taos" and "three strategies". Latergenerations used it to refer to military strategy. Here is also a praise forZhuge Liangs military strategy.

Everybody is good! I am your tour guide, Duan Reyu, today Ill explain emei mountain scenery culture for everyone.

Emei mountain, mount emei in sichuan province in China, the highest peak 3099 meters above sea level, is a state-level scenic spot. Emeishan level field ridges, with beautiful natural scenery, rich buddhist culture, become people worship, sightseeing resort course.

Higher than that of emei mountains of guilin, show. Jinding emei mountain there are 10 g: such as "auspicious light" and "guitar frog play", etc. People also created many new landscape. Standing on the mountain, panoramic view of tsing yi jiang. Placed on the top of emei, true have "to see the mountains small" feeling.

In the emeishan plants growth, is the famous emei fir, frame nan, etc. Have a great variety of orchids, azaleas and so on, these plants to the all kinds of animals have created a natural paradise. Joy Shared with others especially emei mountain, has become a mount emei is famous for its unique landscape "live" in China and foreign countries.

Mount emei is one of Chinas four major buddhist shrine. The emeishan gradually become influence deeply buddhist holy land of China and the world. These rich buddhist culture heritage is a cultural treasure of the Chinese nation

Therefore are gems of library, known as "buddhist" seazan. Mount emei to legend behind one thousand, eternal charm.

The trip to mount emei has ended, and have the opportunity to you with your family come to visit mount emei beautiful natural scenery and the great rich buddhist culture.

各位游客朋友们，大家好！我们现在就快到九华山，大家先听小柯我给大家简单介绍一下，这样待会到了，我们就可以更快的进行游览了。

九华山在皖南青阳县境内，是我国四大佛教名山之一。唐代文学家刘禹锡，登上九华山后，对其赞叹不已，认为天下名山均不能与九华山争长。李白曾三上九华山。九华山的特点是山奇峰秀，佛寺众多。

游九华山，首先要到九华街，是九华山的中心，寺庙也主要集中在这里，因此有“莲花佛国”之称。这里实际上是一个山上的村镇，除了庙宇外，还有商店、学校、旅店、农舍，游人可以在这里住宿，并以此为起点，游览山上的名胜。

在这九华街上的化城寺，是九华山历史最悠久的晋代古寺，也是九华山的主寺，寺的建筑依山势布局，反映了高超的 建筑设计艺术。寺内有一口高一丈有余，重约20xx斤的古钟，铸造精美，声音洪亮，用槌撞击，凝重清扬的钟声，在山谷回荡，往往使人有超凡脱 俗之感。“化城晚钟”遂成为“九华十景”之一。

九华胜景在天台。天台峰是九华山的主峰，海拔1300多米。有“不登天台，等于没来”的说法。从九华街上天台，约15华里山路，沿路经过很多风景点。当你气喘吁吁，到达天台正顶，眼前的景色，将使你胸襟开阔，疲劳顿消。四周群山匍伏，远望九华街，只有巴掌那么大了。

好了，我们到了，大家一次下车，跟着小柯我一起进入景区，大家一定要注意我们的队旗，不要掉队，或者是走错别的团队里。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to Zhuzhou. Im your guide_

Yandi mausoleum is located in luyuanpo, Tangtian Township, 15 kilometerssouthwest of Yanling County, Hunan Province, also known as "tianzifen". EmperorYans mausoleum, the Shennong family, is a legendary tribal leader in ancienttimes, surnamed Jiang. In history, he taught the people to plant and harvestgrain, so he was called "Shennong". He also tasted herbs and invented medicine,so he was also the "God of medicine". Besides, it is also said that he used fireto benefit mankind, made musical instruments and advocated material exchange Ina word, the Shennong family of Yan Emperor is a God who is inseparable from theinvention and creation of agriculture, industry, commerce, medicine, literatureand other fields in the historical legend, so it has been greatly respected andsacrificed by the Chinese people of all dynasties. Finally, he died because hetasted the poisonous heartbroken herb and had no remedy. It was recorded inEmperor Century written by Emperor Fumi of Jin Dynasty. After his death, he wasburied in Changsha. According to Lu Shi written by Luo Mi of Song Dynasty, "theend of Changshas tea town is called Chaling" (Yanling County was divided byChaling in the Southern Song Dynasty). Ancient trees cover the surrounding areaof Yandis Mausoleum and water surrounds it. On the side of the mausoleum, thereis a "medicine washing pool", which is said to be the place where Emperor Yanwashed herbal medicine, as well as several Royal Sacrifice steles of the Mingand Qing Dynasties.

Yandi Mausoleum scenic area includes Yandi mausoleum, Yanling temple,Fengsheng temple, Chongde square, huzhenguan temple, Luyuan Pavilion,shenghuotai and other cultural landscapes, as well as Luyuan cave, longnaostone, longzhushi, xihuachi and other natural landscapes, which are allattractive places.

The mausoleum area of Yan Emperor was called "Huangshan" in ancient times,covering an area of 2.4 square kilometers. The mausoleum area is covered withgreen mountains, green water circulation, towering ancient trees, and themausoleum hall with national architectural style is brilliant, covering an areaof 3000 square meters. In 960 ad, song Taizu ascended the throne, visitedancient mausoleums all over the world, found Yan Emperor Mausoleum in Bailuyuan,and built a temple in 967. In 1950, Emperor Yans mausoleum was listed as a keycultural relic protection unit of the province. In 1954, the main hall wasburned down because of the fire of pilgrims. In June 1986, the main hall of YanEmperors mausoleum was officially rebuilt with the approval and funding ofHunan Provincial Peoples government. The rebuilt mausoleum hall is divided intofive parts: the first part is the Meridian Gate, in which there are Danlong, twocorridors on the left and right for the stele room, and the second part is theXingli Pavilion, which is an octagonal pillar Pavilion supported by eight stonepillars, with a horizontal plaque inscribed "the ancestors of the nation shineon the world" and a couplet under it saying "virtue shines on the gloriousindustry for thousands of years; great achievements are made for thousands ofgenerations"; The third entrance is the main hall, with 24 stone pillarssupporting the top of the hall. A plaque inscribed "Chinese people will neverforget their ancestors" is hung in the hall. On both sides of the hall, thecouplet says "making leidan to lay a foundation for agriculture and industry;tasting a hundred herbs to make a precedent for medicine". In the shrine of thehall, the statue of Yan Emperor Shennong is worshipped. The statue of YanEmperor is a gold body, with rice ears in his left hand and Ganoderma lucidum inhis right hand. In front of the statue is a bamboo basket containing grains andmedicinal materials. The banner of "Qi Tians ancestor" is hung on the shrine.There are couplets on both sides of the shrine, which are "the name of theuniverse; the grace of the Divine Land". The whole hall is magnificent andsolemn. The fourth entrance is the tomb Pavilion, with a stone inscription: "thetomb of Emperor Yan Shennong". The fifth entrance is the mausoleum of EmperorYan. Shennong is one of the ancestors of the Chinese nation, so the sacrifice tothe Yan Emperors mausoleum has been very solemn and grand since ancient times.According to historical records, it began to offer sacrifices to Emperor Yansmausoleum in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, since the founding of thetemple by Taizu of the Song Dynasty, it was set as a big sacrifice in threeyears. In the Qing Dynasty, the ceremonies were more frequent, with 41 times ofbig sacrifice alone.

Around the mausoleum hall, there is a red wall more than 10 meters high.Surrounded by a large-scale Fengsheng temple, huzhenguan temple, angel platform,Chongde square, Zaisheng Pavilion, Shiji mansion, yongfengtai and other ancientbuildings, there are Luyuan cave, Xiaqiao, pool (also known as Xiyao pool),Huangyang mountain, longzhushi and other monuments. There are also the tensceneries of Yan mausoleum. They are: the fragrant grass Pavilion (also known asthe grass Pavilion) with flowers and plants; the bank is like a dragons head,like a stone dragons bun; the clouds are misty and bleak, like autumn rain; thehaze around the pavilion is sometimes looming, like a dense haze; In spring,there are fine grasses, clusters of wild flowers, yellow and white flowers, redand purple flowers, just like Jinyin in the destination of Fangzhou springbrocade. Birds and deer in the mountains are inconstant, and sometimes silent.When sacrificing, they fly away and sing harmoniously. There are Sheng Huangsbird and deers harmonies (also known as Bailuyuan): the big camphor ishorizontal, hollow as a hole, and people can sit with a few cups to chant theempty camphor hole; There are thousands of ancient trees in Luyuan, which arestrange. There is a fir in front of the mausoleum, which is divided into twotrunks. It is surrounded by more than ten branches and leaves. After hundreds ofyears of moistening, it is called qiuzhang lingmu. In the north of themausoleum, the pool is deep and clear, and there are hundreds of scales. Everyday, the waves are warm, and the water and light match each other; As a result,the pavilion was built and engraved with a stele: Feixiang Pavilion of differenttrees (also known as Feixiang Pavilion).

The majestic palace of Yan Emperors Mausoleum and the ancient buildingsblend with the natural scenery here, and add the ten famous scenes of YanEmperors mausoleum to match, making the whole Yan Emperors Mausoleum quiet,beautiful and magnificent. Emperors of all dynasties regarded it as a holy land,held annual sacrifices, held ceremonies, and sent envoys to pay homage to it.During the spring and Autumn period, many local members came to offersacrifices. People who sacrifice animals, burn incense and worship, come in anendless stream throughout the year. As for new years festival, thousands ofworshipers can be seen in neat formation, full of offerings, incense shacklesaround, which can be regarded as a spectacle.

大观楼位于昆明市西郊约3公里的滇池畔。它近吞波光浩渺的滇池，远与太华山遥遥相望。被赞为“万里云山一水楼”的大观楼耸立其间，园林也因之得名。 进园门，穿过近华浦，揽胜阁壮丽崇宏，楼槛轩敞;新修的怀古廊萦纡回折，槛外银水玉山;涌月亭和观稼堂树木掩映，花丛环绕，最宜月夜闻笛。观稼堂边花坛里，英国伊丽莎白女王二世栽下的玫瑰花争芳吐艳。彩云崖假山幻奇、玲珑嵌空;溯洄洲四面环水，秀坪如茵。过燕语桥继续西行，积波堤压浪卧波，而大观楼则耸立于前，更有那古今传颂的“天下第一长联”，使人留步观瞻。

清乾隆年间自称“万树梅花一布衣”的寒士孙髯翁所撰180字长联，一扫世人俗唱，蕴涵了深厚的社会历史内容，惊动一时。今存大观楼长联有两幅。一幅是与孙髯翁同时的昆明名士陆树堂用行书体书写刊刻，挂在大观楼二楼。另一幅则是清光绪十四年(1888年)，由云贵总督岑毓英托赵藩书写，请工匠刊刻后挂于楼下，即今蓝底金字联，长联系木制，为覆瓦形。上下联各90字，字系颜体楷书，刚劲圆润，颇具功力。

长联曰：

五百里滇池，奔来眼底。披襟岸帻，喜茫茫空阔无边。看：东骧神骏，西翥灵仪，北走蜿蜒，南翔缟素。高人韵士，何妨选胜登临。赴蟹屿螺洲，梳裹就风鬟雾鬓。更苹天苇地，点缀些翠羽丹霞。莫孤负：四围香稻，万顷晴沙，九夏芙蓉，三春杨柳。

数千年往事，注到心头。把酒凌虚，叹滚滚英雄谁在?想：汉习楼船，唐标铁柱，宋挥玉斧，元跨革囊。伟烈丰功，费尽移山心力。尽珠帘画楝，卷不及暮雨朝云。便断碣残碑，都付于苍烟落照。只赢得：几杵疏钟，半江渔火，两行秋雁，一枕清霜。

上联写登大观楼抒怀，所见到滇池的四周风光。下联历数云南数千年历史及作者的感慨。大观楼现已列为云南省重点保护文物。

When we come to Tang Furong garden, we have to talk about Xian Qujiangtourist resort. Xian Qujiang tourist resort is a provincial tourist resort,which integrates sightseeing, vacation, recreation, business and villa, coveringan area of 15.88 square kilometers. The park is rich in scenic resources.Centered on the magnificent Dayan Pagoda and Cien Temple, the built TangDynasty Art Museum, Tanghua Hotel and Tang Song and dance hall show the style ofTang Dynasty architecture. The botanical garden, bonsai garden, Chunxiao garden,rose garden and Qingliu garden show the beautiful scenery of Changan garden;International Food City and other tourism facilities provide services andconvenience for domestic and foreign tourists in leisure, entertainment andcatering. Tang Furong garden is designed by Zhang Jinqiu, academician of ChineseAcademy of engineering and famous landscape architect in China, and by AkitaHiro, a world-class master in Japan.

Located in Qujiang New District of Xian City, Datang Furong garden coversan area of 1000 mu, including 300 mu of water surface, with a total investmentof 1.3 billion yuan. It is the largest cultural theme park in Northwest China.It was built to the north of the original Tang Furong garden site, and is alsothe first large royal garden style cultural theme park in China to display thestyle and features of the prosperous Tang Dynasty. It includes many scenicspots, such as Ziyun building, ladies hall, royal banquet palace, Fanglingarden, Fengming Jiutian theater, Xingyuan, Luyu tea house, Tang City, QujiangLiuyin, etc. Tang Furong garden has set a number of records in the history ofChina and even the world: it has the largest waterscape performance in theworld, the first "five senses" (namely vision, hearing, smell, touch and taste)theme park, the largest outdoor fragrance project in the world, and the largestimitative Tang royal architectural complex in China, integrating Chinese gardenand architectural art.

What are the characteristics of Tang Furong garden? First of all, the parkis full of Tang culture. The sculptures and poems in the park arerepresentatives of the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and the copies of Tang culturalrelics reflect the characteristics of Tang; The second is the nearly 80000square meters of Tang style architecture, which is the largest Tang stylearchitecture community in the world. All of them are restored according to theoriginal buildings, and all the architectural forms of Tang Dynasty areconcentrated, which is a complete Tang Dynasty architecture textbook. The secondis the 60 million yuan Lake fountain, which is also the largest water curtainfilm in the world; Finally, the performance of Lake Hu square, the dream of theTang Dynasty, is composed by Zhao Jiping, a famous composer. It is an artisticessence of music, dance, music, poetry and recitation.

In fact, since ancient times, Qujiang has a profound historical landscapecultural background. The history of Qujiang can be traced back to the QinDynasty, when there was a famous Li palace named "Yichun Xiayuan". Sima Xiangru,a writer of the Western Han Dynasty, vividly described the natural scenery ofQujiang in his famous piece "Shanglin Fu".

Daxing City, the capital of Sui Dynasty, was built on Qujiang River.Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty was suspicious and superstitious. Daxing city is highin the southeast and low in the northwest. Fengshui tends to the southeast. Theharem is located in the middle of the north side, and it cant surpass thesoutheast in the terrain. Some people suggest that we should take the method of"weariness of victory" to get rid of it. If Qujiang is dug into a deep pool andseparated from the city, it will be enclosed as a royal Forbidden Garden andbecome a place for emperors to play. In this way, the spirit of the king of theSui Dynasty will never be threatened. Fortunately, there is a natural form ofwater circulation in Qujiang River. With a little renovation, it can become aplace of beautiful scenery. In 583 ad, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty officiallymoved to the new capital. When Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty moved to the newcapital, he felt that "Qu" was unlucky, so he ordered his Prime Minister Gao Xunto change the name of the royal garden. One night, Gao Xun suddenly rememberedthat the lotus in Qujiang pool was in full bloom and extremely red. The lotuswas called Furong, so he renamed Qujiang as "Furong garden". After atransformation in the early Sui Dynasty, Qujiang reappeared as a royal garden onthe historical stage, and got a new name -- Furong garden. At the same time, itis closely connected with the capital Daxing city. The downstream of the poolflows into the city, which is one of the sources of water for the southeast ofthe city. In the era of emperor Yang of Sui Dynasty, Huang Guan carved variouswater ornaments in Qujiang pool, and the monarchs and ministers enjoyed theQujiang drink by the Qujiang pool. He introduced the story of literatis Qujiangdrinking cup in Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties into the palace,endowed Qujiang with a kind of humanistic spirit, and laid a foundation for theformation and development of Qujiang culture in Tang Dynasty.

On the basis of Furong garden in Sui Dynasty, the construction scale andcultural connotation of Qujiang garden were expanded in Tang Dynasty. Inaddition to the reconstruction of ziyunlou, caixiating, liangtang and Penglaimountain in Furong garden, the Yellow canal of large-scale water conservancyproject was excavated to expand the water surface of Furong pool and Qujiangpool. It became a place for royal families, monks and civilians to gather andvisit. Qujiang Liuyin, Xingyuan Guanyan, Yanta title, Yueyou Denggao and otherliterary stories about the population in ancient Chinese history all took placehere. Qujiang changed greatly in the Tang Dynasty, and became the only publicgarden in Changan City, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. It reached the mostprosperous period in its development history, became the gathering place of Tangculture and the landmark area of Changan, the capital of the Tang Dynasty, andalso played the strongest voice of Chinese culture.

"Jiangtou palace locks thousands of doors, for whom is Xiliu Xinpu green?"After the reign of Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, the later dynasties, such asEmperor Gaozong and Emperor Ruizong, began to take great actions here, whichlaid the foundation for the prosperity of Tang culture. Emperor Xuanzong of TangDynasty expanded Qujiang on a large scale, which made it unprecedented andreached the peak of its garden construction. In Furong garden, the imperialForbidden Garden, Xuanzong built Ziyun building, Caixia Pavilion, LinshuiPavilion, Shuidian, shanlou, Penglai mountain, liangtang and other buildings,and built a Jiacheng, 7960 meters long and 50 meters wide, from Daming Palacethrough Xingqing palace to Furong garden. After the expansion of EmperorXuanzong of Tang Dynasty, the Furong garden has many palaces and pavilions. Thegarden buildings in Qujiang reach the highest level, and all kinds of culturalactivities tend to climax. With the destruction of Changan city at the end ofTang Dynasty, all kinds of garden buildings were destroyed, and all kinds ofcultural activities were gradually silent, so that some of them finallydisappeared and could not be traced. Qujiang, a public garden area wherecivilians gather to visit, is not only unprecedented in the history of theancient capital Xian, but also unique in ancient Chinese history.