长沙简短导游词（优秀19篇）

各位朋友,刚才我们旅游车经过的地方是长沙火车站。

它于1975年动工，1977年竣工，当时与北京火车站、广州火车站并称为中国三大火车站,同时在它建成的时候也是当时国内的十大建筑之一。在全国铁道网上一共有十六个铁道局两个铁道集团公司，可以说每天发行的火车趟次不计其数，其中有一趟次火车非常特别，它就是T1次火车。T1次火车起点是北京，终点站是长沙。我们从感情上认为这是一种特殊的象征意义，是湖南人缔造了新中国，湖南长沙永远跟首都北京脉络相联。我们现在可以看到，长沙火车站的主体建筑是一座钟楼，它每到整点都会响起>这首歌曲。它的造型是一支火炬,也有的朋友说它像一个红红火火的小辣椒象征着湖南人民的耿直和血性。

我们现在所走的这条平坦大道就是五一大道，五一大道始建于1951年所以叫五一路，五一路东起火车站，西至湘江一大桥，全长4138米。它是长沙的主干道之一也是长沙整个城区东西向的中轴线，原来是比较窄的,路面仅19米宽，在20xx年由省政府出资6个多亿重修了五一大道，大家可以看到现在的五一大道车水马龙、井然有序，往返有八个机动车道均宽达到60米。五一大道是长沙最直、最长、最宽、也是最漂亮的一条城市中心大道，它所经过的地方都是长沙市最繁华的地段,像长沙市人气最旺的商业步行街黄兴南路步行街就在它的南侧。

长沙市的城建尤其是道路方面的修建在20xx年后发展是非常迅速的。关于长沙市修路还有着这样一个小故事在民间流传。据说在98年xx大召开时，湖南省原省长张云川同志受到了朱容基的亲自接待，是地地道道的长沙县人，他当时就用长沙话对张省长说了这样一句话：“小张啊，你回去要搞点路，要多搞点路。”长沙方言的意思就是多做点实事，为老百姓做点好事。而张省长并不是当地人，他就以为是要他多修点路，所以很多城市主干道都是近几年修好的，像沿江大道、黄兴南路、解放西路等。从20xx年开始到20xx年,长沙市城建投资多达750多个亿使长沙市的市容市貌有了很大的改善和提升。

小陈注意到,我们团里面有些朋友一直在向车窗外面张望,大家是不是在关注街道两边的绿化呀?细心的朋友可能看到了道路两旁有两排树木，靠近路面的大叶子的树种是我们湖南的省树广玉兰,它也是毛主席非常喜欢的一种树种,如果有去过韶山滴水洞的朋友就知道在滴水洞一号楼外面就有很多高大壮硕的玉兰树。里边那一排小树叶的是香樟树，那是长沙的市树，我们日常家居所生活所用到的樟脑丸就是樟木的树叶提炼出来的。樟木制作的家具也是上好的家具，防虫防蛀经久耐用。大家都知道我们湖南是四大名绣之一湘绣的发源地,高档的湘绣绣品都是用真丝丝线在真丝织物上绣制而成，要注意防潮防霉防虫,如果用香樟木制箱存放就可以有效的防止虫子咬坏,以前的时候在农村女儿出嫁时母亲要送一口樟木箱存放被面被套就是这个道理。香樟树一般生长在长江以南,我们团里面北方的朋友可能比较少见到,不过没有关系,到了张家界景区以后里面漫山遍野都是，大家可以走近了细看。

说完省树、市树，小陈再给大家介绍一下我们湖南的省花和长沙的市花。湖南的省花是芙蓉花，因湖南江湖河道纵横交错,汉唐以来就遍植荷花和木莲，唐朝诗人谭用之曾在《秋宿湘江遇雨》中写到：“秋风万里芙蓉国，暮雨千家薜荔村”里边的芙蓉国借指湖南，1961年,毛主席>一诗中也有“我欲因之梦寥廓,芙蓉国里尽朝晖”一句，使这一简称更加闻名于世长沙市的市花叫杜鹃花,别名叫映山红,是一种常见的观赏花卉,全国很多地方都可以看到。杜鹃花也是毛主席家乡韶山市的市花,在毛主席诞辰100周年之际原本三四月开放的杜鹃花在寒冬腊月竞相开放成为当时的一大奇观。

Zhujiajian is a national scenic spot, located in the southeast of Zhoushanarchipelago in Zhejiang Province. It is also known as Putuo Mountain Nationalkey scenic spot with a distance of 1.35 nautical miles. It is an important partof Putuo golden triangle, the core tourist area of Zhoushan Archipelago. It isthe fifth largest island of Zhoushan Archipelago, with an island area of 72square kilometers.

Zhujiajian has a superior geographical location and convenienttransportation. Zhoushan civil aviation airport, located in the northwest ofZhujiajian, has opened more than 10 air routes including Beijing, Shanghai,Nanjing, Xiamen, Jinjiang, Jinan and Shantou. It is 1.35 nautical miles awayfrom Putuo Mountain in the north, and can reach Zhujiajian in five minutes byboat from Putuo Mountain; It is only 1km away from Shenjiamen fishing port, oneof the four famous fishing ports in the world. A cross sea bridge connectsZhujiajian with Shenjiamen (and the whole Zhoushan Island). Tourists fromHangzhou, Shanghai, Ningbo and other land routes can directly drive intoZhujiajian.

Zhujiajian island has unique natural landscape and rich tourism resources.The development of Zhujiajian tourism area was started in 1988. In 1993,Zhujiajian development and construction management committee was established,which is responsible for the implementation of the protection, planning andconstruction of 28.8 square kilometers of national scenic spots. In 1998, theZhujiajian Scenic Tourism Management Committee was established and worked withthe Zhujiajian town government. Under the leadership of the municipal anddistrict governments, the integrated management of the whole island wasimplemented. The tourism system was straightened out and the Zhujiajian touristarea entered the stage of all-round development.

In order to develop Zhujiajian scientifically, Zhejiang Institute of urbanand rural planning and design was entrusted in March 1993 to compile the masterplan of Zhujiajian, Putuo District, Zhoushan City. In November 1998, the tourismdevelopment plan of Putuo Zhujiajian national island ecological park wascompiled. In 20__, Shanghai Tongji University was entrusted to compile themaster plan of Zhujiajian from 20__ to 2030. Since then, Zhujiajian scenic spothas embarked on a scientific development path of combining the development andutilization of scenic spots with the reasonable protection of resources.

The scenery of Zhujiajian island is beautiful and charming. On the island,there are continuous sands, rippling blue waves, steep rocks, staggered cavesand reefs, enchanting sea light, wide forests, endless tides and fresh air. The6300 meter long nine person beach stretches across the island, like a goldnecklace, inlaid between the green mountains and the blue sea. The cliffs aresteep, the caves are deep and secluded, and the sea erosion landform is all overthe southeast coast of the island. The rocks are beautiful, the stone scenery iscolorful, and the magic work is vivid. The Wushi gravel beach is rare in China,with the sound of the tide and the sound of nature. The fishing boats sing late,the sea fire is shining, and the Dongsha is surging in the sun; There are lotsof seagulls, silverfish, fishing village customs and modern fishery landscape;the trees are green and quiet, the air is fresh, there is no heat in summer, theclimate is pleasant, the products are rich, and there are many aquaticproducts.

Zhu Jiajian adheres to the strategy of implementing high-quality tourismproducts, accelerating the promotion of high-end hotels, leisure villas,large-scale tourism commodity shopping centers, China Buddhist College, yacht,sea fishing club, beach sports and entertainment city, Island InternationalConference Center and other major industrial clusters, so as to make it acoastal city in the Yangtze River Delta with international standards, excellentfacilities, first-class service, beautiful environment and distinct image Thefirst choice for fake tourism.

白沙古井位于长沙市城南白沙街，在贺龙体育文化中心的西侧，天心阁的东南面，白沙古井自古以来被称之为江南名泉，是古城长沙的重要标识之一，享有“长沙第一泉”的美誉。

古井现有泉眼四口，泉水从井底汩汩涌出，清澈透明，甘甜可口，四季不断。靠山坳的一面横立着一块大石头，上面刻着“白沙泉水”四个大字，高处围有石栏，两边有麻石做的石级，井口都是花岗石砌成的，长约67厘米，宽约33厘米，深约70厘米。井口东侧竖立着一块“白沙古井”的石碑。白沙古井的北侧有一个名为“白沙源”的茶室，南侧建有回廊和凉亭，周边全部植着绿化带，空气非常的清新。白沙古井每天都要迎接很多的男女老少，他们带着大桶.小桶.大瓶.小瓶蹲在井口一瓢瓢的舀水，灌进带来的容器里，然后满载而归。

看一看!白沙井的泉水是那样清，清得能看见人的影子，没有一丝杂质!瞧一瞧!白沙井的泉水是那样绿，绿的像是被周围的绿树.绿草染过似的!尝一尝!白沙井的泉水是那样甜，甜的清爽，甜的清凉，甜的沁人心脾!白沙泉水清澈甘甜，孕育了一代代的长沙人，我们要保护好白沙古井，让它永久的保存下去。

HELLO!各位游客朋友，大家好!

欢迎各位来到风景秀美,气候宜人,美食成堆(因游客年龄自由填加)美女如云,帅哥成林的历史文化名城长沙!

俗话说的好：“百年修的同船渡，千年修的共枕眠”现在流行的说法呢就是百年修的同车行，我们大家今天在同一辆车里可是百年才修来的缘分呐，小X真是深感荣幸啊!中国有句话说要活到老学到老，那来到了长沙呢，首先我们也要学习一下三个代表啊：

第一：我谨代表长沙人民对各位远道而来的客人表示热烈的欢迎!

第二：我谨代表旅游公司全体员工欢迎大家参加本次快乐之旅，欢迎，欢迎，热烈欢迎。

第三个代表呢是我代表我本人和司机师傅，做个简单的介绍，我呢是来自X旅游公司的一名导游员，也是大家这次长沙之行的地接导游，我的名字是，大家可以叫我小X或者X导，只要让我知道你们是在叫我就可以了啊。那接下来呢我要为大家隆重的介绍一下在我们本次旅游中占有绝对重要位置的人，那就是为我们保驾护航的司机师傅X师傅，我们业内呢，有这样的说法，司机呢到了吉林是急着开，到了蒙古呢是猛开，到了上海是胡开，那有没有人能想到来了我们长沙是怎么开啊?还是我来接开谜底吧，我们长沙的师傅呢，比较特殊，他们呢是在黑白两道都能开，为什么这样说呢，那就要说到我们长沙的气候了，“春有百花秋有月，夏有凉风冬有雪”，这就是我们长沙的气候特征，四季分明，春夏秋三季的道路呢一般是黑色的，到了冬季一下雪，道路就变成白色了，所以呢我们的师傅是黑百两道都混的很熟的，所以大家对我们这几天的行车安全呢尽可以放心啦!

那现在呢我想请我们车上的女士朋友呢，把你们的目光全部集中到我们师傅这里来，有这样一个说法：一等男人家外有家，二等男人家外有花，三等男人花中寻家，四等男人下了班回家。呵呵，那大家看看我们师傅属于几等男人呢?开动您的大脑，好好的想一想，哦，去掉一个错误答案，D，想我们这样，师傅一出团就是4、5天是不可能下班就回家的啊。 师傅呢可是一等一的好男人啊，为什么这样说呢，大家可别瞎想啊，我可没有说我们师傅花心啊。那大家看看此时此刻为我们遮风挡雨的旅游车，它呢就是我们师傅一个流动的家啊，当然师傅也很爱它，那现在不是很流行房车吗?我们姑且把我们的旅游车也看作新款的房车，我想说的是，在大家每天离开这个流动的家时一定要做他个潇洒状：挥一挥衣袖，不留下一片云彩!

再来谈谈它的古意。中国古建筑都很注重风水，也就是譬究阴阳五行，这在爱晚亭上也有体现。爱晚亭背靠岳麓山主峰碧虚峰，左右各有一条山脊蜿蜒而下，前则遥望滔滔湘水。这种地势正贴合我国古代传统的“左青龙，右白虎，后玄武，前朱雀”的布局。而且这儿三面环山，林木茂盛，属木;小溪盘绕，“半庙方塘”，属水;亭子坐西面东，尽得朝晖，属火;亭子高踞土丘之上，奇石横陈，属土。“金木水火土”五行中只缺“金”了，于是亭子涂以丹漆，便五行齐备，大吉大利了。

这天大家看到的是一座富有灵性的爱晚亭，然而，这座古亭能够说是饱经了磨难。过去，爱晚亭这儿满目疮痍，罗典专门花大气力进行了修整，疏浚水道，移花栽木，才使爱晚亭焕发出勃勃生机。大家在亭柱上看到的这副对联就是罗典所题的“山径晚红舒，五百夭桃新种得;峡山深翠滴，一双驯鹤待笼来。”表现的就是当年爱晚亭的风姿。但以后爱晚亭几经沧桑，屡毁屡修，屡修屡毁，直到新中国成立后，才得到全面的修复。1952年，湖南大学拨专款重修爱晚亭。

Surrounded by water on all sides, there are many forests and trees on theisland. From a distance, it looks like a huge dark green ship guarding theancient city of Changsha against the water. It is 5km long from north to Southand 50-200m wide from east to west, with a total area of nearly 70hm2. It is themost famous river center in China and the longest inland river oasis in theworld. Juzhou is rich in beautiful oranges, so it is called Juzhou. Sinceancient times, it is famous for its beautiful scenery and long history. It isthe place where the "river sky and dusk snow" of the famous "eight sceneries ofXiaoxiang" in Song Dynasty lies. Juzhou is a summer resort. Mao Zedong used toswim and walk here and sunbathe on the beach when he was young. At present,Juzizhou has been turned into a park, with thousands of citrus trees planted.During the autumn harvest season, there are many oranges. There are pavilionsand corridors in the park, and a huge white marble monument stands in the park.On the monument, the four characters "juzizhoutou" written by Mao Zedong and theword "Qinyuanchun · Changsha" written by him in the autumn of 1920__ areengraved. There are natural swimming grounds on both sides of the middle ofJuzhou. There are highways running through the north and south.

The municipal government plans to build this place into a multi-functionalinternational sightseeing and cultural scenic spot integrating garden, tourism,entertainment, sports, culture and commerce. The scenic spots in the planningare divided into "two corridors and seven gardens": Shili Huxiang culturalcorridor, Shili upstream music corridor, Wanju Jingxiu garden, return to naturegarden, visitors paradise, shopping and food garden, fitness and longevitygarden, custom resort garden and outdoor life garden, with a planned investmentof 2 billion yuan.

Hello, everyone. Im the tour guide who is responsible for taking you tovisit Macaos famous place of interest, mage temple. I hope my explanation willgive you a pleasant journey. First of all, let me introduce Mazu temple.

Mage temple was called niangma temple, Tianfei temple or haijue temple inthe early period; later it was named "Mazu Temple", which is commonly known as"mage Temple" in Chinese. Mazu means "mother" in Fujian dialect. The temple isbuilt along the cliff with a back mountain and a sea. It is surrounded bytowering ancient trees. There is a pair of stone lions at the entrance of thetemple. It is said that they are masterpieces of the Qing Dynasty 300 years ago.The temple is composed of four buildings: the main hall, the stone hall, theHongren hall and the Guanyin Pavilion.

The best time to visit mage temple is during the Spring Festival, becausethis time is the most popular, and many traditional activities will be held.Many faithful men and women come to pray for the gods. A large bamboo shed willbe built in front of the temple as a temporary stage for performing miraculousarts.

Mage temple is composed of "the first temple in Shenshan mountain", Hongrentemple, Zhengjue Buddhist temple, Guanyin Pavilion and other parts. Although thescale of each building is small and crude, it can fully integrate nature and thelayout is well arranged.

Entrance gate

You can see the granite building at the entrance gate. It is 4.5 meterswide and has only one door opening. The lintel has the word "Mazu Pavilion" andcouplets on both sides. The three parts are decorated with glazed tile roof. Thetop of the lintel has a cornice shaped ridge with porcelain beads and fish onit.

Memorial Gateway

Immediately behind the gate of MAGE temple is a three room four columnarch, also made of granite, with four stone lions on the capitals.

Hongren Hall

You have now come to the smallest Hongren hall, which is only about 3square meters.

Buddism godness Guanyin Temple

Guanyin hall, located at the highest place, is mainly made of brick andstone. Its architecture is simple and hard mountain style.

Zhengjue Buddhist temple

You are now in the Zhengjue Buddhist temple. This Buddhist temple pays moreattention to both the scale and the architectural form. The building is composedof a temple dedicated to the queen of heaven and a retreat area. The building inthe repair area is a common folk house with a hard Hill brick structure, whilethe temple is a four frame beam structure. There is an inner courtyard in frontof the main hall. The side porches on both sides are shed roofs. The main hallarea is divided into three bays by two rows of three columns. The roof is glazedtile slope top, and the top of the side walls on both sides is a gold shaped"wok ear" gable, which has the meaning of fire prevention and strong southernFujian characteristics. It is located in the front of the inner courtyard, Fromleft to right, it can be divided into five parts. The middle part is the highestand the two sides are gradually lower. The wall is decorated with claysculpture. The top of the wall is decorated with glazed tiles. Under the eavesof the glazed tiles, there are three layers of flowers symbolizing the bucketarch. In addition, there is a circular window opening with a radius of 1.1meters in the middle part. The eaves and porcelain beads on the top of theglazed tiles also show the importance of this hall.

Mazu Pavilion is always full of incense. Every year, on the new years eveof the lunar calendar, the birthday of Mazu on March 23, and the Double NinthFestival on September 9, it is full of people.

Witness the flame

On the afternoon of May 3, 20__, the Beijing Olympic flame passes throughMacaos mage temple. The Olympic flame from Olympia will meet the incense frommage temple, and Macao will show the characteristics of Chinese and Westerncultures in the most representative way of welcoming the Olympic flame.

Well, thats the end of todays tour. I hope this interpretation has left adeep impression on you. Please pay more attention to more Macao scenic spots.Goodbye.

长沙历史距今约15—20万年以前，长沙有人类的活动。约公元公元前2520xx年，长沙新石器时代进入龙山文化阶段。传说始祖炎帝和黄帝都曾来过长沙。 长沙，夏代属古三苗之地;到商、周时代，三苗国消失了，但三苗后裔仍然在这片土地上生息繁衍，这时长沙属“扬越”(又叫“荆蛮”)，史称“扬越之地”。《逸周书?王会》记载，周初营建雒邑告成，各方诸侯来贺，贡物中有“长沙鳖”一种，这是“长沙”一名见于史籍的最早记载。春秋末期，楚国(荆楚)的势力进入长沙。

战国中期，楚国实行变法，国力强盛，对南展开大规模的军事行动，湖南全境纳入了楚国版图，长沙成为楚国南部的军事重镇，楚国在长沙建立了城邑。 秦国灭掉楚国，在原楚江南之地设立“长沙郡”，长沙为秦代36郡之一。从秦代开始，长沙开始纳入中国统一的政治版图。公元前220xx年封西汉王朝开国功臣吴芮为长沙王，以原秦朝的长沙郡建长沙国，将湘县改名临湘县，临湘县驻所作为国都，也标志着湖南历史上出现了第一个诸侯国，长沙成为王国都城。公元8年，王莽篡位自立为帝建“新朝”，长沙国改名“填蛮郡”，国都临湘改名“抚睦县”。

公元20xx年(建武二年)，刘秀遥封西汉末代长沙王刘舜之子刘兴为长沙王，复建长沙国，以控制洞庭以南的局势。三国时期，220xx年孙权夺取长沙至279年西晋灭吴，长沙属于孙吴之地。257年，长沙东部为衡东郡(治所翻县，今衡阳市)。265年，长沙郡的安成县(今属江西省)和豫章、庐陵两郡几县设立安成郡，长沙郡瞎地进一步缩小。280年(太康十年)，晋武帝封其第六子司马×为长沙王，以郡为国。

西晋初期，长沙郡仍隶属荆州。589年(陈祯明三年|隋开皇九年正月)，隋军渡过长江，攻克建康。隋炀帝时，潭州又改为长沙郡。620xx年，唐王朝在长沙设立潭州总管府，620xx年总管府改为都督府。五代十国时期，此时的湖湘地区出现了一个由马殷建立的楚国。963年宋朝占领长沙。南宋初建炎四年正月，金兵攻陷长沙，屠城而去。南宋中后期，长沙时局相对稳定，有重臣名将刘镐、张孝祥、辛弃疾、周必大、真德秀、魏了翁、向士壁、汪立信、文天祥、李芾等任职长沙。清军入关后，明将何腾蛟总督湖广、四川、云贵军务，驻节长沙。云集湖南并肩抗击南下清兵。

后何腾蛟兵败被俘，严词拒降，绝食七日后被杀。直至清顺治四年，长沙才归入清朝。李锦、李来亨等率部转入四川继续抗清。 清咸丰二年(1852)，太平军领袖洪秀全、杨秀清、萧朝贵、石达开等率军攻打长沙，因长沙城垣高厚久攻未下。光绪二十九年(1903)，清政府根据《中日通商行船续约》第十款规定，开放长沙为通商口岸。1898年2月21日，由谭嗣同、皮锡瑞、唐才常等人在长沙发起成立维新派政治团体“南学会”。谭嗣同、皮锡瑞任学会会长，长沙设总会，各县设分会。戊戌政变后解散。由谭嗣同等发起，于1897年10月在长沙创办时务学堂。教学内容包括经、史、诸子和西方的政治法律与自然科学。戊戌政变后改为求是书院。1920xx年2月15日华兴会成立在长沙成立。黄兴为会长，宋教仁、刘揆一为副会长。

武昌起义后，湖南革命党人首先响应。1920xx年10月22日焦达峰、陈作新等率新军革命士兵和会党举义，占领长沙城。1920xx年5月21日，国民党何键所部第35军第33团团长许克祥在长沙发动叛乱，袭击湖南省工会、农会及各革命组织，捕杀共产党员和工农群众100余人。21日电报代日韵目是“马”字，故这一事件称“马日事变”。1930年8月在浏阳永和由红军第一、第三两军团组成，朱德任总司令，毛泽东任总政治委员，亦称“中央红军”或“红一方面军”。 1949年8月5日，驻守长沙的国民党高级将领程潜、陈明仁起义，长沙和平解放。长沙市人民政府成立。

前方大家看到的是入胜亭，有“扶摇向天心，到此方入胜”之说，意思是说天心胜境由此开始。请注意上面的对联，上联“天若有情天亦老”，下联是“心到无私心自宽”。此为嵌字联，又是藏头诗。大家看出来了没有，对了，就是我们景区的名字“天心”了，此联一番修身哲理尽在其中。

请看亭的另一面“崇德”，此匾为蒋介石所题，“旧事难忘一声惊午梦，新风振起万里看朝霞”相传为蒋介石所作，为1946年纪念抗日阵亡的将士所建，又名“崇烈亭”。从1939年9月至1941年12月，日军三次大举进犯长沙，以第九战区司令长官薛岳为主体的中国军队采取“后退决战”的战略，奋力抵抗。三次会战，日军均从长沙败退。长沙成为二战历史上坚持抗战达五年之久的英雄城市，成为中国抗战相持阶段的主要正面战场之一。由于天心阁占据长沙城内制高点，三次会战中都成为我军重要部防的主要阵地。英雄的长沙城以不败的身姿屹立于世人面前，而雄伟、壮观的古城墙，也就成为了长沙人民的骄傲。

现在大家纵目望去的，就是建于明末崇祯年以前，具有400多年历史的天心阁。初建时阁楼为一层，清乾隆年间修建为两层，1774年作为《四库全书》总阅官的李汪度还作了《重修天心阁记》;到清嘉庆年间，天心阁下的城南书院院长罗畸拨款重建，为现在大家所看到的三层，并增加南、北两附阁，使之更加雄伟、壮观;现主阁高14.6米，两附阁各高10米,整座阁楼仿明清时期南方园林建筑风格，“不登天心阁，不知古长沙。”请大家随我一起登阁参观。

主阁一层为《百年长沙图片展》，展示的是二十世纪长沙百年的历史变迁。首先请大家看《天心阁眺望》一诗，诗中的“潭州”即今天的长沙。此诗取自《善化县志》(原长沙分为长沙、善化两县，天心阁属善化县)，作者俞仪为明崇祯年京带指挥使，由此可推断天心阁早在400余年以前就高高耸立在古城之上了。再请看一下古长沙老地形图，它呈南北长、东西窄的条状，长沙有幅家喻户晓、脍炙人口的对子：“水陆洲洲系舟舟动洲不动，天心阁阁栖鸽鸽飞阁不飞”，这水陆洲呢就是橘子洲，水陆洲长约5500多米，宽约100多米，是长沙这一特殊地理景观代表。长沙的地质结构以石英砂岩为基础，经过常年外力作用，使大量沙、石都聚集于地表，由此得出长沙地名由来于“长形方洲，沙土之地”。

主阁第二层有两副大型浮雕，其一展示的是1938年11月12日晚的“文夕大火”后，周恩来与时任国民湖南省主席的张治中亲临阁楼视察灾情的情景：武汉失陷，日军通往中国南方的门户打开，蒋介石对保卫长沙缺乏信心;在岳阳失守后，密令张治中对长沙实施“焦土抗战”，以天心阁举火为号，把个好端端的长沙城化为了一座废墟，毁城面积达90%，烧死3000余人，烧伤者近两万多人，全城平民无家可归，史称“文夕大火”，长沙也由此并列为二战时期四大毁坏最为严重的城市之一。可是不到三个月，英勇不屈的长沙人民又在废墟上立起了一个个棚屋的新长沙，用满腔热血抗击了日寇一次次进攻，使日军在一路得手的情形中第一次承认中国人民的不可凌。其二展示的是1930年7月，以彭德怀为首的红三军团武装攻克长沙，在中山亭胜利会师的场景。当时湖南醴陵人李立三受共产国际委托，提出“武装包围城市”的战略思想，后因敌我力量过于悬殊，红军又主动撤离了长沙。

在讲堂里，存有不少的对联，这些对联多为表达个人的志向、称颂书院或者讲明了一些为人处事的道理。大家请看一下这幅对联，它是清代书院山长旷敏本所撰，上联是：

是非审之已，毁誉听之于人，得失安之于数，陟岳麓峰头，朗月太极悠然可会

下联是：

君亲恩所以酬，民物命何以立，圣贤道何以传，登赫曦台上，衡云湘水，斯文定有攸归

对联的意思是这样的：“是和非要先从自我审察，别人的抵毁和赞誉就由别人去说吧，得和失听任天命的安排，不可强求，只要登上岳麓山头，感受一下朗月清风，天地万物之理便悠然可知了，荣辱得失便可以置之度外了;君亲恩如何来还报，生民的安身立命之本如何把握，圣贤的道统如何传播，当登上赫曦台，感受这衡云湘水的魅力，一切便有了答案。对联所反映的基本上都是儒家的伦理道德，在一定的程度上体现了清代培养人才的教育思想。

大家请看这块“岳麓书院学规碑”它相当于我们现在的校规，为清乾隆年间所刻，共有9行18条，其中前9条是讲如何为人，后9条是进如何为学的。大家可能早已经注意到了，在讲堂里有4块大字石碑，上书“忠、孝、廉、节”，为朱熹所撰，现在我们所见的是清道光年间山长欧阳厚均重刻的，每块高213厘米，宽131米，字高169米，宽122米一般像这么大的石刻汉字只有在名山的巨崖上才有，而单个字刻在碑石上的在国内是极为罕见的，因而具有极高的文物价值，讲堂也因此又称为“忠、孝、廉、节”堂，“忠、孝、廉、节”四字，实际上就是岳麓书院在整个封建社会里的校训。在讲堂正面两侧壁上，还有四块碑分别是：“整、齐、严、肃”与“忠、孝、廉、节”碑相映衬。

(御书楼)

好的，讲堂的讲解我们就先讲到这里，下面我们将参观书院做为藏书功能的部分—御书楼。

可能有人会问了：御书楼不是在讲堂后面吗?自私到了讲堂往前就没路了?大家请跟我来，其实路就藏在讲堂屏壁后面，你会发现后面其实别有洞天，真是山重水复疑无路，柳暗花明又一村。

御书楼始建于宋咸平二年，也就是公元999年，它是书院里藏书的地方，相当于我们现在的图书馆，里面的藏书的主要来源有三：一是皇帝赐的，在历史上，皇帝数次赐书给书院;另外一个来源就是民间收集，以及地方官员、士子名绅以个人的名义捐赠的，最后一个来源就是书院自筹经费购买，或者自己刻书珍藏。可惜在1983年，御书楼及里面的所有藏书都被日本的飞机炸毁了，现存的建筑为1986年重建的。现在的御书楼藏书已超过5万册，不过它不对外开放，只是作为图书馆代书院的教研人员及书院的研究生使用。

(百泉轩?时务轩?三绝碑)

参观守御书楼，我们来到书院风景绝佳的地方——百泉轩，因为地处岳麓山清风峡谷口溪泉荟萃处而得名。在宋代，这里是山长的住处，当年，朱熹和当时的山长张栻就曾经在此“昼而燕坐，夜而栖宿”意思就是吃饭、睡觉都离不开这里，这主要是因为百泉轩前面有一个优美的园林，书院八景中，其中就有两景在园林中，分别是“碧沼观鱼”、“花墩坐月”。

中原腹地、嵩山脚下、颍河之滨有一自峰恋叠嶂、苍松翠柏、水光潋滟、碧波青天的山水桃源——白沙湖风景区。

白沙湖又称白沙水库，风景区位于禹州城西北60华里处，在登峰东南35公里处与我市交界的王村乡，是省会郑州、洛阳、许昌三市的重心地带，207国道从景区南大门通过。

湖区周围群山环抱，峰峦叠嶂、翠柏葱茂夜可闻苍松涛阵阵、朝可观日出嵩门，夕可拾平湖晚霞;远离都市喧闹，但闻“空山鸟语”;白沙湖水波粼粼、一碧万顷，如置身于梦幻，如迷离于仙境。

白沙湖历史景观密布，为思古都登台览胜，抚措叹今提供了好去处。站在东岭关，可遥想当年关云长横马立刀过五官崭六将时“力拔山兮气盖世”的雄姿;置身于玉溪垂钓处，可临姜太公“愿者上钩”的钓法;叹幽者可身临鬼谷洞演泽鬼谷子出奇制胜的韬略;猎奇者可聆听“要外潭”、“鬼修城”、“黑龙潭”等处离奇传说。

神秘的白沙湖风景区不仅山青水秀，历史景观众多，而且人文景观处处可拾。“关帝庙”、“九龙庙”、“祖师庙”等佛道庙观可满足善男信们祈求平安之愿;景区周围数十里处古寨可让您领略当地风土乡情。

白沙湖水面浩荡，水质较好，湖畔经几年开发建设，已形成一个休闲度假区，建起各种旅游设施。湖中有游船，上有多种游乐项目。夏季到此可以游泳、垂钓，小住一宿也很惬意。

早上好!欢迎大家来到美丽星城——长沙，首先请允许我代表旅行社的全体员工对大家的到来表示最热烈的欢迎，欢迎参加本次组织的“红太阳之旅”，因为我们走的是红色路线，。韶山又是太阳升起的地方，所以我们这次旅程就叫红太阳之旅。

自我介绍一下吧，我是本次红太阳之旅的导游，我姓赵，为了方便大家可以叫我小赵，那在小赵的左手边，是咱们的司长师傅X师傅，X师傅开车技术好，经丰富，待人热情，所以我们坐他的车尽可以放心，大家在旅途中有什么问题尽可以提出来，小赵和X师傅会尽全力为各位服务，好了，让我们共同拥有一个美好的旅程!

我们的旅程开始了，那现在在我们脚下是有着“三湘第一路”的著名的五一大道又叫五一路，它代表着长沙的明天，长沙的繁荣地带就是从这里辐射开来的，始建于1951年5月1日，所以因此而得名，是当时第一条柏油马路，路幅只有9米宽，可随着时代的发展，交通的发达，9米宽远远满足不了往来穿梭的车辆。直到20xx年花费了5个月的时间进行整修，也就是我们现在看到的全心

界的五一大道，她东起火车站，西止湘江一桥，全长4138米，路幅宽达60米，为双十车道，五一路的交通算是井然有序，可司机们大多不愿走这条路，这是为什么呢?原来在这条道上有3套电视监控设备和6个电子眼，一不小心很容易被抄牌，所以司机们是有又爱又恨了!

那五一大道的源头在哪里呢?她就是大家身后的长沙火车站，她于1975年施工，1977年竣工，与上海火车站`北京火车站合称中国三大火车站，那在火车站的中间有个钟楼，钟楼高63.7米，钟楼在整点会奏响优扬的《东方红》乐典，仿佛在告诉大家，您已经来到了一代伟人毛主席的故乡——湖南。而在钟楼上方有一个建筑，那小赵就请问大家，觉得她像什么呢?对，她就是红红的火炬。或许会有人问，既然是火炬，为什么不随风飘扬呢?而是笔直冲向蓝天呢?对于这个问题小赵得给大家解释解释了，因为在火车站建成之前，正值文-革时期，设计师把她设计成向左飘，就会有左倾之说;那在设计成往右倾呢，又怕会有右派之说，于是，设计师干脆把她设计成一把直冲上空的火炬了。其实，她也很像咱们湖南的一种特产：朝天椒，她可是咱们毛主席特别喜爱的一种食物，她也象征着咱们湖南人火辣辣的热情，不是有这样一句俗话吗：四川人是不怕辣，贵州人是辣不怕，湖南人是怕不辣。

好了，现在咱们上袁家岭立交桥了，那为什么叫做袁家岭立交桥?而不叫做李家岭`张家岭立交桥呢?因为据说在这一大块地上居住着一户姓袁的家族。所以在修建这座桥是就以袁氏来命名。它是向下修建的，除了美观还起到缓解地震的作用。可凡是有利也有弊，湖南是一个多雨的省份，如果碰到下雨的天气，桥下就会堆积雨水，形成积水给行人的穿行带来不便和麻烦。恐怕这是候只能泛舟而行了!

那在小赵的右手边是韶山路，因为当时通往韶山没有通公路，后来就修建了这条路;取名为韶山路。

好，那大家注意看一下旅游车两旁的树，它是长沙市的市树：香樟树，香樟树叶小但叶多，大樟树下便是乘凉的好地方，用樟树提炼出来的樟脑丸可以驱蚊赶蚁，摘下几片樟树叶清洗干净放进口中嚼碎，还可以醒酒提神。关于樟树，

在长沙当地还有这样一个习俗，就是父母亲送出嫁的女儿一套用樟木做的家具是非常体面的。那在小赵的左手旁，就是迎宾路，1972年，为迎接美国总统尼克松访华而修建的一条路。在迎宾路的对面是一座红白相间的建筑，她是湖南省政府机关二院。

刚刚小赵提到了市树，那我们现在就来了解一下湖南省的省树，它便是广玉兰树，它是从广州引进过来的一个树种。长沙市的市花呢，是杜鹃花，看杜鹃那可要到乡间去了，每当三四月份，红艳艳的杜鹃开满了山头，别提有多漂亮。湖南省的省花呢，是芙蓉花，自古以来，湖南就有芙蓉国之称。毛主席的诗句说的好，“芙蓉国里尽朝晖”。芙蓉呢，也分为木芙蓉和水芙蓉。那小赵就请问大家：“水芙蓉是什么?木芙蓉又是什么呢?”呵呵!木芙蓉是木兰花，水芙蓉则是荷花。

好了，现在咱们到芙蓉路了，芙蓉路的旁边呢，是长沙新建的芙蓉广场，大家可以看到中间的一个雕塑，那就是浏阳河之女，大家肯定被她长长的秀发所吸引了吧?浏阳河之女的头发有九个弯，象征着浏阳河的九道弯。这不禁让我们想起了优美动听的《浏阳河》，那小赵在这里献丑了，给大家唱一首《浏阳河》，希望大家能喜欢。

好了，现在我们看到的这栋底层有白色和平鸽的大楼就是著名的平和堂商务楼。平和在日语中的就是和平的意思，意为和-谐发展。这里有一个中日合资的大商场，日本股东占60%的股份，中国股东占40%。在平和堂建成之前，这里出土了全国最多的竹简，那上面记载着楚汉三国时期的历史，现在在平和堂的六楼还设有陈列，大家在购物之余不妨去参观。

在平和堂的前面就是五一广场，广场中间有一个巨大的音乐喷泉，每晚八点，音乐喷泉会随着音乐舞动起来。那现在请大家往五一广场的上面看，可以看到一个象眼睛的小房子，那里就是大眼睛直播室——金鹰之声。

Hello, welcome to the Palace Museum, and Im glad to serve you, I am the journey zi-ang li, you just call me lee, today today have I accompany you have a good time.

For the completion of the imperial palace was built in 1406, 1420, is the Ming dynasty emperor Zhu Dishi build, now with me, please go to the imperial palace the biggest palace in the taihe palace. Here is the place where the Ming emperor summoned to the White House orders in ceremonies, the whole temple width, depth 5, outside corridor column, outside the house stood 72 pillar of big, the 35 meters high, inside clear height of 14 meters, 63 meters wide, for all the palace, the largest wooden hall.

We came to neutralize the temple, the hall of supreme harmony of the Forbidden City. Is the emperor rest the night before they go to the hall of supreme harmony, ministers and accept a mecca for officials.

Play the zhonghe palace again, Ill take you to visit the Baohe Palace, the Baohe Palace is the qing dynasty state banquet hall and test for examination hall. As everybody knows, qianlong nearby have a minister called liu2 yong, he is in the Baohe Palace was admitted into the draft.

The Forbidden City tour here, todays explanation to me still satisfaction? You are welcome to put forward opinions and Suggestions, Im very grateful to, finally, I wish everyone have a good time. thank you

白沙古井是长沙著名的景点之一，泉水从井底汩汩涌出，清澈透明，甘甜可口，四季不断。井里的水冬暖夏凉，每年都有许多游客和旅游团来白沙古井参观。我也十分喜欢去白沙古井玩。

春天，古井边长了许多翠绿色的小草和青苔。古井旁矗立的几棵光秃秃的大树，这时也冒出了一些嫩叶。井边游人如织，还有一些带着水勺、水桶的人，他们是专门来打水的。

夏天，井里的水冰凉冰凉的。许多孩子欢快地喊叫着，脱下鞋子冲进井旁边的小水沟嬉水，我也不例外，快活地在小水沟里来回奔跑。有时也会拿起水勺往手上、脚上淋水，真是太开心了!如果渴了，就拿起水勺舀水喝。

秋天，树上的黄叶一片片地掉落到井里、井边、长廊上……人们在古井边上的石桌上打牌、聊天或发呆，好不快活!

冬天，井水变暖了，我们把冻得僵硬的手放到温暖的井水里，真是舒服极了!把厚厚的棉衣脱掉，我们快活地在井边跑步，玩游戏……

Dear friends

Hello everyone! Im glad to accompany you to visit Yuelu Mountain scenicspot

Yuelu Mountain, located on the West Bank of Xiangjiang River in ChangshaCity, is the tail of the 72 peaks of Hengshan Mountain. It has been a famousscenic spot since ancient times Although Yuelu is not high, it is indeed afamous mountain with rich cultural heritage. There are 15 places listed as keycultural relics protection units at or above the provincial level. Qingfengxia,aiwanting, Lushan temple, baihequan, caies tomb, Huangxings tomb, Yuwangstomb, Yunlu palace, Yuelu Academy and other nearly 100 scenic spots areattractive everywhere.

Now, I come to Qingfeng gorge, the core scenic spot of Yuelu Mountain. Herelush forest, trees into Yin, streams around, three sides against the peak,beautiful scenery in the clip show, intoxicating. From Qingfeng gorge to the topof the mountain, a large number of primitive secondary forests have beenpreserved, with a total of 977 species of plants, 555 of which are wild seedplants, and exotic flowers and plants can be seen everywhere. At the entrance ofQingfeng gorge, one of the most famous pavilions in China, AI Wan Pavilion,stands high. AI Wan pavilion was built in 1972, the 57th year of Qianlong reignof Qing Dynasty. Its founder was Luo Dian, the head of Yuelu Academy, a scholarand educator at that time. In the past, Fenglin was all over Qingfeng gorge, soLuodian named the pavilion "Hongye Pavilion", also known as "Aifeng Pavilion".Later, the governor of Huguang, Bi Yuan, felt that the scenery here was veryclose to Du Mus poem "a trip to the mountains" and changed its name to "Ai WanTing". Indeed, in late autumn, the top of Yuelu Mountain is shrouded in cloudsand mist, and the maple leaves around aiwan pavilion are as red as fire andgorgeous as blazing, which vividly expresses the artistic conception of thepoem.

Now, you can see the whole picture of aiwan Pavilion. It sits in the Westand faces east, surrounded by mountains and craggy rocks. It is surrounded bystreams on the left and right, with mountains, trees, streams and stones flowingin different directions. In his youth, when he was studying and working in HunanNo.1 Normal University, Comrade Mao Zedong often went to aiwanting together withCai Hesen, Luo xuezan, Zhang kundi and other close friends to "point out riversand mountains, excite and pronounce words", sometimes even all night. When thepavilion was rebuilt in 1952, Li Da, the then head of Hunan University, askedChairman Mao to write a title for the pavilion. Chairman Mao happily wrote downthe three characters "Ai Wan Ting", which is the plaque on the lintel of thepavilion.

Now you can see that there is a couplet on the pavilion: "the mountain pathis red and comfortable at night, and five hundred young peaches are new; theclouds in the gorge are deep and green, and a pair of tamed cranes are waitingfor the cage." This is the title of Luo Dian, the builder of AI Wan Pavilion. Itshows the style of AI Wan Pavilion at that time.

When Changsha and Kagoshima became friendly cities, aiwan Pavilion, as asymbol of the ancient city of Changsha, was imitated and built in Japan, thusbecoming a messenger of Sino Japanese friendship.

Hello everyone! Welcome to Star City Changsha. Now we are in the XiangjiangRiver Bridge. Standing on the bridge, the scenery of Changshas "mountains,waters, continents and cities" can be seen at a glance. This "mountain" is thelush Yuelu Mountain in front of it, which is known as the tail of Nanyue 72peak. Naturally, this "water" is the mother river flowing quietly under thebridge - Xiangjiang River. Across the river is Juzizhou, which is known as"unsinkable aircraft carrier". Of course, the "city" is Changsha City. Next, Iwill talk about it in detail from near to far.

Xiangjiang River, originated from Haiyangshan, Lingchuan County, GuilinCity, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, has a total length of 856 km. It entersHunan from Yongzhou, flows through Hengyang, Chenzhou, Zhuzhou, Xiangtan,Shaoyang, louerdi, Changde and Yueyang, and flows into Dongting Lake at thehaohekou of Xiangyin County, with a drainage area of 85300 square kilometers inHunan. It is the largest river in Hunan and also the mother river Xiang is namedfor it. The word "Xiang" in Xiangjiang comes from the sentence "in the book ofsongs, Zhaonan, Caiping" that is "to build and cauldron with Xiang". "Xiang"originally means "cooking food", which is extended to refer to the appearance offog transpiration. Xiangjiang River in Hunan Province, from south to north, nineileum, clouds, so take such a name.

You see, Juzizhou in the middle of the river looks like a long belt, about5 kilometers long from north to south, and about 100 meters wide from east towest. Mr. Guo Moruo once described it as "an unsinkable aircraft carrier". Inthe Western Jin Dynasty, it got its name because of the orange production on theisland. In Tang and Song Dynasties, Orange Island had become a famous scenicspot at that time. One of the famous "eight sceneries of Xiaoxiang" is "theevening snow on the river", which refers to the evening scenery of snowy dayshere. Many famous poets have come here to chant, leaving poems and essays handeddown through the ages. Mao Zedongs "Qinyuan spring · Changsha" makes Juzizhou aplace that the world yearns for.

Yuelu Mountain, located on the West Bank of the Xiangjiang River, is 300.8meters above sea level and the tail of the 72 peaks of Nanyue Mountain."Southwest clouds come to Hengyue mountain, and the sound of the river goes downDongting day and night" is a wonderful summary of the situation of YueluMountain. Yuelu Mountain is a huge "Botanical Museum", where ancient and famoustrees can be seen everywhere. Yuelu Mountain is a famous cultural mountain,which integrates Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism in ancient China. At the footof the mountain is Yuelu Academy, which is the first of Chinas four academiesand promotes Confucian Neo Confucianism; at the back of the mountain is Lushantemple, which is "the first scenic spot in Han and Wei dynasties and the firstTaoist temple in Hunan"; at the top of the mountain is Yunlu Palace, which islisted as one of the seventy-two blessed places of Taoism. In addition,aiwanting, baihequan, yuwangbei, relic tower and so on are also attractiveplaces. Yuelu Mountain is also a place where we look forward to people withlofty ideals. The cemeteries of Huang Xing, Cai E, Jiang Yiwu and Chen Tianhuaare hidden in the green pines and cypresses.

Next, lets talk about the city. Changsha, with beautiful ecologicalenvironment and rich human resources, is one of the first batch of historicaland cultural cities announced by the State Council, and one of the first batchof "Chinas excellent tourism cities" awarded by the state. In 20__, Changshawas also rated as "National Forest City". As the capital of Hunan Province,Changsha is the political, economic, technological, cultural, commercial andtransportation center of Hunan Province. The city covers an area of 11800 squarekilometers with a total population of 6.31 million, including 556 squarekilometers of urban area and more than 2 million urban population. It hasjurisdiction over Furong district, Tianxin District, Yuelu District, KaifuDistrict and Yuhua District, Liuyang City and Changsha, Wangcheng and Ningxiangcounties.

Changsha has a superior geographical position, known as "Jingyu lips,Guizhou and Guangdong throat". Changsha, located in the middle of China, has astrategic position of connecting the East and the West. At present, the trafficin Changsha is very convenient. The Beijing Zhuhai Expressway and ChangshaChangzhou expressway are connected here. The national highways 107, 319 and 1016are connected in the territory. The Beijing Guangzhou railway and ShijiazhuangChangzhou Railway pass through the city. Through Yueyang, the inland riverterminal can reach Chongqing, Wuhan and Shanghai. Huanghua International Airportis one of the largest airports in central and South China. Its route network hasspread to more than 40 large and medium-sized cities in China. It has openedflights to Hong Kong and Macao, as well as international flights to Bangkok,Thailand and Seoul, South Korea.

"Changsha star in the sky, Changsha City on the earth." The name ofChangsha comes from the stars in the sky. The ancients divided the stars in thesky into 28 constellations, and each constellation corresponds to a certain areaon the earth. Among the twenty-eight constellations, there is a one called Fusu,which corresponds to Jingzhou. Changsha used to be the city of Jingzhou. Thereis also a small star in charge of human life, also known as Changsha star."Astronomical records of the Ming Dynasty" said: "Changsha Xiaoxing, down toChangsha." Therefore, the ground corresponding to Changsha star is calledChangsha, so Changsha is also called "Xingsha".

Changsha is a "famous city of Chu and Han Dynasties" with a history of morethan 3000 years. The name "Changsha" first appeared in the Western Zhou Dynasty.During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Changsha hadbecome an important economic, cultural and military town in the south of Chu.After Qin Dynasty unified China, there were 36 counties in the world, andChangsha and its surrounding 9 counties were Changsha counties. In the HanDynasty, Wu Rui was granted the title of king of Changsha and established thestate of Changsha. Since the Tang Dynasty, Changsha has become the political,economic and military center of Hunan Province.

"Xiaoxiang Zhusi, the hometown of qujia", which is a historical gift toChangsha. The CI and Fu handed down by Qu Yuan and Jia Yi, the cultural relicsunearthed from Han tombs, the bamboo slips of the Three Kingdoms, ZhangZhongjings treatise on febrile diseases, and the underglaze color of Changshakiln are all shining with the glory of Changshas history and culture. Changsha,known as the "cradle of revolution", has produced many great people in moderntimes. It has nurtured Huang Xing, Li Weihan, Xu Teli, Yang Kaihui, Tian Han andother people with lofty ideals. It is also the hometown of Party and stateleaders Hu Yaobang, Zhu Rongji and Li Tieying.

Changsha is rich in products, known as "the land of fish and rice", "theland of fireworks", "the land of Xiang embroidery", "the land of pottery" and"the land of non-ferrous metals". It has been one of the four tea markets, fourrice markets and five pottery capitals in China since ancient times. Richproducts have created Changshas unique catering culture. Hunan cuisine andsnacks are made of exquisite materials.

各位游客：

大家好!

我叫冯明玥大家可以叫我小冯。很高兴，能够成为你们本次的游览导游。今天我要和大家一起去游览岳麓山，我们将度过轻松愉快的一天。

这就是岳麓山，海拔，308米高大坚固。

现在我们位于岳麓山脚下，请大家和我一起看这边这座瓦片上沾满苔藓得老房子就是著名的岳麓书院。岳麓书院是中国历史文化长河中的一颗一颗，明亮的，明珠。他与白鹿洞书院，嵩阳书院，应天书书院，合称中国四大书院。它历史悠久，始建于公元，976年。南宋著名理学家教育家，朱熹在此讲学。我们继续往上走看，这就是爱晚亭。四个红艳艳的柱子就像一棵松树一样，笔直地挺立在我们眼前支撑着这个绿油油的屋顶。

看，像一颗大树。与这山清水秀的景色完美结合在了一起。亭子的顶上还有爱晚亭三个闪闪发光的金色大字。

爱晚亭，原名是，红叶铁盒后来由于著名唐代诗人杜牧写的山行诗句中的停车坐爱枫林晚，霜叶红于二月花，才改名为爱晚亭，他还被誉为，中国四大名亭之一。岳麓山还有许许多多的风景名胜，说也说不尽。

大家先休息一下，待会我们去游览更美丽更精彩的景点，请大家注意，休息时千万不要跑到太远的地方，就在附近休息，以免掉队，注意安全二十分钟以后我们在大门口集合。

Hello, ladies and gentlemen. Welcome to visit aiwan Pavilion.

Love evening Pavilion is located at the foot of Yuelu Mountain, that is,you are now in the breeze gorge. Yuelu Mountain is a typical urban scenicmountain. According to historical records: "eight hundred miles around Nanyue,Huiyan (in Hengyang City of Hunan Province today) is the leader, Yuelu is thefoot." The highest altitude of bixu peak, the main peak of Yuelu Mountain, isonly 300.8 meters, and its relative height is less than 200 meters. However, ithas a wide area. The main vein is about 4 kilometers long from north to Southand 2 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 553.0 hectares. Inaddition to the surrounding hills, it has a total area of 23 squarekilometers.

Although Yuelu Mountain is not high, it is a huge "natural museum". Thewhole mountain is covered by forests, and the natural resources are extremelyrich. There are 174 families and 977 species of plant species in the region,mainly in the typical subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest and subtropicalwarm coniferous forest, and a large area of primary evergreen broad-leavedsecondary forest is still preserved in some areas. Ancient and famous trees canbe seen everywhere. Luohansong in the Jin Dynasty, gingko in the Tang Dynasty,camphor in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and maple chestnut in the Ming and QingDynasties are all vigorous and towering. It is rare for large and medium-sizedcities in China to have such rich natural plant resources. According toscientific research, one fifth of the oxygen consumption in Changsha City comesfrom Yuelu Mountain, which shows that Yuelu mountain can also be called the"oxygen station" of Changsha City.

"If the mountain is not high, there will be immortals; if the water is notdeep, there will be dragons.". Although there are no immortals on YueluMountain, there are many scenic spots. Only 15 of them are listed as keycultural relics protection units at or above the provincial level. The ancientLushan temple, the deep Yuelu Academy, the clear Yunlu palace, and the strongtombs of Huangxing and caie are all fascinating. But the beauty of Yuelumountain lies in the love Pavilion you will see in front of you. AI Wan pavilionwas built in 1792 in the 57th year of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty. Thefounder was Luo Dian, the head of Yuelu Academy at that time. In the past,Qingfeng gorge was full of ancient maple trees. In late autumn, the gorge wasfull of red flowers. Therefore, the pavilion was originally called "HongyePavilion" or "Aifeng Pavilion". When we talk about the present name of "Ai WanTing", we may think of Du Mus famous poem "a journey to the mountains", whichis written by the poet of the Tang Dynasty. Park and sit in the maple forest atnight. Frost leaves are red in February flowers. Indeed, the scenery aroundaiwan Pavilion can be said to reflect the artistic conception of Du Mus poem "ajourney to the mountains" incisively and vividly, and the reason why aiwanPavilion is famous is that it ranks among the four famous pavilions in China, toa large extent, it also benefits from this poem. But dont get me wrong, Du Mus"journey to the mountains" is not a poem specially written for this pavilion. DuMu lived in the Tang Dynasty. AI Wan Ting was renamed by Bi qiufan, governor ofHuguang in the Qing Dynasty, according to Du Mus poem. However, there isanother folk saying about the origin of the pavilion name. It is said that YuanMei, a young talent from the south of the Yangtze River, once made a specialtrip to Yuelu Academy to visit Luodian, the head of the mountain. However,Luodian was already famous all over the world. He didnt want to see such arising star at all. Yuan Mei turned around and went up the mountain withoutsaying a word. On Yuelu Mountain, Yuan Cai Zis poetry flourished

Dafa saw a scene and wrote a poem. Only when he arrived at the red leafPavilion, he only copied Du Mus poem "a journey to the mountains" and left outtwo words. The last two sentences were copied as: "stop and sit in the mapleforest, frost leaves are red in February flowers." When Luo Dian heard about it,he went up the mountain with it. Along the way, he saw Yuan Meis poems, full oftalent and praise. When he arrived at the red leaf Pavilion, he understood themall at once: This is changing the way to say that I dont "love late" and dontcare for the younger generation. Come on, lets change the name of this pavilionto "aiwanting". Thus, the red leaf Pavilion became the love eveningPavilion.

Legend belongs to legend. When it comes to the scenery, aiwan Pavilion isworthy of being a unique scenery of Yuelu Mountain. There, in spring, themountains are green; in summer, the moon is bright and the wind is clear; inautumn, the forests are dyed; in winter, the snow is white. At this moment, wehave been able to clearly see the whole picture of this world famous Pavilion.The pavilion faces east from the west, with mountains on three sides and mapleleaves on all sides. It is surrounded by streams on the left and right. Thereare grotesque rocks in front and behind, with mountains, trees, streams andstones flowing.

For AI Wan Ting, one word can be used to describe it ancient. AI Wanpavilion has both ancient shape and ancient meaning, and is good at ancienttaste.

Lets talk about ancient forms first. This is a typical Chinese classicalgarden pavilion. It is built with double eaves and four pinnacles. Double eavesmeans two sets of roofs, which makes the pavilion vigorous and natural; fourdrapes means four bevels, which makes the pavilion dignified and dignified,square and bright; the sharp roof makes the pavilion have a centripetalcohesion. All of these are a manifestation of Chinese traditional culture,especially the reflection of the thought of stressing "reason", "standing up"and "unification" in Neo Confucianism culture. AI Ting Ting has condensed manyessences of Chinas traditional culture, and it is difficult for the weirdpeople to visit them. The eaves angle of the pavilion is inverted concave curveand tilts upward, which makes the original heavy and sinking Pavilion top have alively and elegant feeling. In addition, its red pillars, green tiles, whitejade guardrails and painted caisson all reflect the ancient beauty of thiscentury old Pavilion.

Lets talk about its ancient meaning. Ancient Chinese architecture attachesgreat importance to Feng Shui, that is to say, Yin Yang and five elements, whichis also reflected in AI Wan Pavilion. Aiwanting is backed by bixu peak, the mainpeak of Yuelu Mountain. There is a ridge winding down on the left and right, andin front of it, you can see the surging water of Hunan. This terrain is in linewith the traditional layout of "left green dragon, right white tiger, rearXuanwu, front rosefinch". Besides, it is surrounded by mountains on three sides,with luxuriant trees, which belong to trees; the stream encircles the "banmiaofangtang", which belongs to water; the pavilion sits in the West and faces theEast, with the morning light, which belongs to fire; the pavilion stands high onthe earth mound, with strange stones, which belongs to earth. In the fiveelements of "gold, wood, water, fire and earth", there is only "gold" missing,so the pavilion is painted with red lacquer, and the five elements are complete,which is very lucky.

The most important thing is the ancient taste of aiwan Pavilion. There aremany anecdotes around the pavilion. The story of Luo Dianqu changing the name ofthe pavilion mentioned above is an example. Of course, its just a legend, butits true that Chairman Mao visited here frequently in those years. Comrade MaoZedong studied and worked in Changsha for 10 years from 1913 to 1923. In his 10years of life, young Mao Zedong took his best friends Cai Hesen, Luo xuezan,Zhang kundi and others to tour the Xiangjiang River many times and climb theYuelu Mountain, where he "pointed out the rivers and mountains and encouragedthe writing". On the one hand, he exercised his body, on the other hand, heexplored the truth, and at the same time, he enhanced the friendship betweenthem. It can be said that he killed three birds with one stone.

On this day, you can see a love Pavilion full of spirituality. However,this ancient pavilion is full of hardships. In the past, the pavilion was fullof ruins. Luo Dian made great efforts to repair it, dredge waterways, transplantflowers and trees, which made the pavilion full of vitality. The couplet you seeon the pavilion column is the one Luo Dian wrote: "the mountain path is red andcomfortable in the evening, and five hundred young peaches are new; the gorgemountain is deep and green, and a pair of tamed cranes are waiting to be caged."It shows the elegant demeanor of AI Wan Pavilion. However, after severalvicissitudes, the pavilion was destroyed and repaired repeatedly. It was notuntil the founding of new China that it was fully restored. In 1952, HunanUniversity appropriated special funds to rebuild the pavilion. At that time,President Li Da of Hunan University wrote a special letter asking Chairman Maoto write the name of the pavilion. At this moment, the plaque with gold-platedred background on the pavilion lattice was written by chairman himself. The poemplaque of "Qinyuan spring Changsha" hanging in the pavilion is also thechairmans handwriting, which makes the ancient pavilion more brilliant. Aiwanpavilion has become the symbol of the ancient city of Changsha.

穿过园林后，我们便来到了时务轩，时务轩是为了纪念清未维新派创办的学校——时务学堂而修建的经念性建筑。中日甲午战争失败后，民族危机空前加强，为了配合维新运动，同时也为了推进湖南的新政，在谭嗣同等人的活动下，终于获得朝廷的批准，在长沙小东街设立了时务学堂，由梁启超在此主教，主要传播变法的理论，娈法运动失败后，时务学堂被迫停办，改为求实书院，后改为湖南大学堂，次年并入岳麓书院并发展成为今天的湖南大学，逃亡日本的梁启超在1922年回到长沙后，到小东街寻访时务学堂旧址，那时，距时务学堂的创办已经有26年了，原址已改为旅馆，房屋虽在，但已面目全非，旧时的学生和老师们大部分都已不在人世，他感到非常伤心，于是提笔写下了“时务学堂旧址”以示纪念。

在时务轩的旁边就是麓山寺碑，也称“三绝碑”。麓山寺碑是我国现存碑刻中影响较大的一块唐碑，高272厘米，高133厘米，记录的内容为麓山寺的历史沿革，它是由著名的书法家、文学家、篆刻家李邕亲自撰文、书写并且镌刻，因文、书、刻三者俱佳，因此有“三绝碑”之称，又因为要邕曾当过北海太守，因此这块碑又有“北海碑”之称，人们常称其为“北海三绝碑”。

因为《麓山寺碑》非常有名，历代想得到这碑的人非常多，也有人前来拓取，因方法不对，使这一碑遭到了严重的破坏，成了今天的这个样子。

(文庙?祠堂)

下面我们将参观岳麓书院建筑三大功能的最后一部分——祭祀部分的建筑，它们位于中轴线的右侧。

中轴线右侧上面部分主要是祠庙建筑群，它是岳麓书院讲学、藏书、祭祀三大功能的重要组成部分，祭祀的人物，一般为书院所尊奉的学派代表人物、文化名流、建设功臣、有恩于书院的地方长官、知名山长以及著名学生，通过对他们的祭祀，达到端正学统，整束学风、启发后人的目的，用今天的话说就是一种榜样教育。

现在我们来到了文庙，文庙原称孔庙，是专门供奉儒家圣人孔子的地方，文庙对于岳麓书院教育有着直接的影响，历代都有严格的礼规，要求师生都要遵循圣人的言行行事，每月的初一、十五，山长要带领学生一一朝拜，每年春秋两季举行两次大的祭典活动，地方长官也得参加，场面极为壮观。

文庙的主体建筑是大成殿。这就是大成殿，为什么要称“大成殿”呢?因为孔子是天下集大成者，所以就用“大成”来概括孔子的成就和地位，全国各地文庙的主体建筑均为大成殿。大家可能已经发现了文庙的建筑与刚才我人所看到的其它建筑不同，其中最明显的就是所用的瓦片的颜色不同，文庙所采用的颜色是金黄色，与故宫的颜色是一样的，而其它的全用的是青瓦。大家都知道，金黄色是古代皇家专用的，民间不得使用，而文庙却是个例外，其建筑级别也同宫殿，为最高级别的，享有皇家礼的待遇，这也说明了中国自古就是一个尊师重教和国家。在大成殿的前面有一石雕蟠龙，抗日战争时，大成殿被日本的飞机炸毁，只有这蟠龙幸存。战后，1946年进行修复，由于当时政局动荡不安，民不聊生，修复工作是在极其艰苦的条件下进行的，所以今存的大成殿看起来似乎缺少了皇家应有的气派，好在孔子“敬鬼神而远之”，这样的庙堂，他可能已经觉得十分奢华了，他老人家应该不会见怪的了。

岳麓书院是目前国惟一一所还在招收学生的古代书院，文庙两侧的廊屋现在已经是书院在读研究生们的教室。

穿过大成门，我们今天的游览也将要结束了，经过今天的参观，相信大家对岳麓书院这一千年学府的历史和文化已经有了一个大致的了解。非常感谢大家的配合，祝大家旅途愉快，谢谢!

AI Wan pavilion was first built in 1792, the 57th year of Qianlong reign ofQing Dynasty. It was founded by Luo Dian, the head of Yuelu Academy, a scholarand educator at that time. In the past, Fenglin was all over Qingfeng gorge, soLuodian named the pavilion "Hongye Pavilion", also known as "Aifeng Pavilion".Later, the governor of Huguang, Bi Yuan, felt that the scenery there was verysuitable for Du Mus poem "a trip to the mountains" of the Tang Dynasty, so herenamed it "Ai Wan Ting".

Far up the cold mountain, the stone path is inclined, and there are peoplein the depths of the white clouds;

Park and sit in maple forest at night, frost leaves are red in Februaryflowers.

Indeed, in late autumn, the top of Yuelu Mountain is shrouded in clouds andmist, and the maple trees around aiwan pavilion are as red as fire and gorgeousas blazing, which vividly expresses the artistic conception of the poem.

At this moment, I can see the panorama of aiwan Pavilion. It sits in theWest and faces east, surrounded by towering green mountains and jagged rocks. Itis surrounded by streams on the left and right, with mountains, trees, streamsand stones flowing.

Aiwan Pavilion is a typical Chinese classical pavilion with a sharp top. Ithas two sets of roofs; it is called "double eaves", which is vigorous; its roofadopts four inclined ridges, which is called "four drapes", which shows thebeauty of being steady and dignified; the sharp roof makes the pavilion have akind of centripetal cohesion. All of these are the embodiment of Confucianism inancient architecture, such as emphasizing "reason", "standing on ones own",emphasizing "golden mean" and "great unification" in Chinese traditionalculture. At the same time, the eaves angle of the pavilion is concave curveupward, which makes the original heavy and sinking pavilion have a lively andelegant feeling. Together with Danzhu Biwa, Baiyu guardrail and painted caisson,the ancient beauty of this century old Pavilion is fully displayed.

Aiwan Pavilion is not only a place of historic interest, but also a holyland of revolution. In his youth, when he was studying and working in Hunan No.1Normal University, Comrade Mao Zedong often went to aiwanting together with CaiHesen, Luo xuezan, Zhang kundi and other close friends to "point out rivers andmountains, encourage writing", sometimes even all night. Old man Zhou Shizhao, amember of Xinmin society at that time, recalled this period of time. He wrote apoem "walking on Shakespeare in autumn, visiting the love Pavilion in theevening"

Bijian sound Qin, red forest for painting, a mountain autumn more naturaland unrestrained. In order to find the past, I went to fangting to pick upyingfengyi school.

When you are in the mountains, you are worried about the world. You cancount on the hurdles and spend the night. We should write the history from thebeginning.

Because of this, when the pavilion was rebuilt in 1952, Li Da, thenpresident of Hunan University, asked Chairman Mao to inscribe the pavilion.Chairman Mao happily wrote down the three characters "Ai Wan Ting", which is theplaque on the lintel of the pavilion.

At the moment, you can see a couplet on the pavilion column: "the mountainpath is red and comfortable at night, and five hundred young peaches are new;the gorge clouds are deep and green, and a pair of tamed cranes are waiting tobe caged." This is the title of Luo Dian, the builder of AI Wan Pavilion. Itshows the style of AI Wan Pavilion at that time.