旅游导游词英语汇总20篇

大家好!我是本次的导游，姓米，你们可以叫我米导。今天，就让我带大家游览北京的颐和园。颐和园是清代皇家园林和行宫，是我国重点保护单位，已经列入《世界遗产名录》。游览时请大家自觉保持它的清洁。我们首先来到的是颐和园最有名的长廊。这条长廊共有七百多米长，分成273间。看，每一间的横槛上都有五彩缤纷的画，如：花草、人物、风景等，你们相信吗?这几千幅画竟没有哪两幅是相同的。我们现在来到了万寿山脚下，仰望山上，那座闪闪发光的八角形宝塔就是佛香阁，下面的一排排宫殿，就是排云殿。请大家在上山时仔细观赏。一小时后咱们在山顶会合。咱们现在就站在万寿山山顶，这里是欣赏颐和园的最佳位置。我们的正前方就是昆明湖，游人常说它像一面镜子，绿的像一块碧玉，你们是否有同感?

看，昆明湖多大，它周围的堤岸更长。看到湖心的小岛了吗?大家走过长长的石桥，就可以到小岛上去玩。

我们现在就站在十七孔桥上，因为这座桥有十七个孔洞，所以叫十七孔桥。在桥的旁边的柱子上，都雕刻着小狮子，这些小狮子姿态不一，竟没有哪两只是相同的。

好了，我们今天的游览活动到此结束了，感谢大家对我工作的配合，请大家随意游赏，祝大家旅途愉快!

五月三日“黄金周”傍晚，爸爸妈妈带我前往黄浦江边观上海外滩夜景。

上海外滩的夜景比我想象的还要美丽，真不愧是东方的“巴黎”啊!黄浦江边人山人海，车水马龙，水泄不通，我只能看见那些拥挤的游客，虽然人很多，但我们不示弱，我鼓足了全身力气向前挤，终于从人群中冲了出来。啊!美丽的黄浦江，高大的“东方巨人”，数不清的高楼大厦，纵横交错的高架桥，灿烂的灯光和那些高大的建筑物交相辉映，映照着一条条繁华的街道、店铺，给人一种置身“黄金谷”的感觉。

观上海外滩夜景是许多人梦寐以求的事，我能有幸到这里游玩，心里有说不出的快乐和幸福。上海是我国经济发达的大都市，也是中国金融中心。在黄浦江边拍过许多电视剧，如“情深深雨蒙蒙、上海滩”——这些好电视剧极大丰富了人们的业余生活。

我想：“这美丽的上海外滩不是人人都能来的，这次上海游玩，不但增长了我的见识，还激发了我学习知识的动力，我要更加努力的学习，长大在上海成就一番事业，不辜负爸爸妈妈的希望”。

坐在车上，望着渐渐远去的外滩夜景，真是舍不得离去啊!

桃源河漂流旅游景区，位于贵阳市修文县六屯乡桃源河。桃源河五公里的漂流河段，落差170余米，河水时儿湍急时儿平缓，此起彼伏，是漂流探险的绝佳场所。河段中尤以“中国魔幻漂流”更为匠心独具，国内首创。经专家、媒体、游客考察漂流后，美誉为“黔中第一漂”。景区面积约16平方公里。景区内集湖、山、河、泉、瀑、峡、化石等各种自然生态景观于一体。在已开发的峡谷河段，植被繁茂、空气清新、鸟语花香。中国魔幻漂流、峡谷冲浪与三道响大瀑布遥相呼应，浑然一体，天一合成，形成桃源河漂流旅游景区独特的水上娱乐景观。在全国独一无二，给游客极大的乐趣与魅力。

景区内有客房标间30间，设备齐全，24小时热水供应;另有野外帐篷200余顶;可住300余人。宽敞明亮的餐厅和快餐大厅，同时可供500人用餐。景区餐厅二楼是可供娱乐的多功能厅，内有麻将机、咔啦ok、并有包间。喜欢吃烧烤的游客，可在烧烤区钓鱼现烤活鱼。接待中心广场边高空脚踏车和儿童芭蕉水上乐园给前来游玩的儿童提供最佳娱乐场所。在冲浪池旁山崖上建有打望茶廊，在品茶的同时，既可眺望三道响瀑布潺潺流水，又可观看魔幻漂流勇士急速直下，还可俯视峡谷冲浪者在波涛中搏击的欢乐场景。游客漂流、冲浪、游玩后可乘坐景区观光车，沿漂流河道岸边观光车道返回停车场，避免奔波劳顿。

桃源河漂流旅游景区得天独厚的自然资源，“中国魔幻漂流”和峡谷冲浪的成功打造，优越的区位优势，丰富的娱乐内容，便捷的交通，受到了广大游客和众多旅行社的青睐，已经成为贵阳、遵义、重庆等各家旅行社极力推崇的热点旅游线路。

Dear tourists

hello everyone!

Welcome to Xian.

Xian, a famous historical and cultural city, is located in the middle ofWeishui plain on the West Bank of the Yellow River. Here is a vast expanse offertile land, a vast expanse of eight hundred Li Qinchuan. On the land of China,this dazzling pearl inlaid in the southern end of the Loess Plateau, once had aworld-famous, extremely brilliant history and culture, but also had green watersand mountains, extremely beautiful natural landscape.

In the East and west of Xian, the Qinling Mountains, known as the"Oriental Alps", are crisscrossed and meandering. On this beautiful scenic line,there are Huashan Mountain, which is known as the first of the five mountains,Lishan Mountain in Lintong, which is famous for its hot spring soup pools,Zhongnan mountain, which is green in all seasons and rare in its interior, andTaibai Mountain, which is called a wonder for its snow cover in June. They forma natural and unique scenery group. In ancient Changan, there were eightrivers, namely, Weishui River, Chanshui River, bashui River, Laoshui River,Fengshui River, haoshui River and Yunshui River, surrounded by rippling bluewaves.

This thousand year old capital at the foot of the Qinling Mountains and onthe Bank of the Weihe River has Tongguan in the East and Sanguan in the West. Inthe north, the chidao, which was built in the Qin Dynasty, is a thoroughfare forfighting against Xiongnu and supplying supplies. In the south, Ziwu Road,TangLuo Road, Baoxie road and Chencang road can cross Hanzhong to Bashu. In thesoutheast, Wuguan road in Shangluo Mountain is the throat leading to Chu. Inancient times, Changan had convenient transportation, both land and water,dangerous terrain, easy to defend and difficult to attack. It has always been aplace for military strategists and emperors to make contributions.

Xian is an important birthplace of Chinese history and culture, and alsoone of the earliest developed regions of human civilization. In the thousands ofyears of history of the Chinese nation, perhaps no city can enjoy such a loftystatus and incomparable brilliance as Xian: it is the capital of 13 dynastiessince the Western Zhou Dynasty and the epitome of the first half of Chinesefeudal society.

Since Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Xian has been in the center of politics,economy and culture for a long time with its unique historical position. In the11th century B.C., the Zhou people grew stronger and stronger in Qishan andFufeng areas in the western part of Guanzhong, and finally established theircountry after destroying the Shang Dynasty, and established their capitals inFengjing and Haojing. Qin people successively established capitals in Yongcheng,Liyang and Xianyang, and went out of Hangu in the east to destroy the six statesand establish an unprecedented unified Qin Empire. The capital of Qin Dynasty isstill Xianyang, which is near the water on the tableland. After the destructionof Qin Dynasty by Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, he took a fancy to theeight hundred Li Qinchuan River, which is a vast expanse of fertile land, andchose to establish the capital on the South Bank of Weihe River, which is justacross from qinxianyang. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mangusurped the Han Dynasty and established a new dynasty, inheriting the capitaland system of the Han family. When the Huangjin army rose, Dong Zhuo burned allthe palaces in Luoyang, and the princes of the 18th route begged for Zhuo.Therefore, Dong Zhuo forced Emperor Xian to move westward to Changan. TheEastern Han Dynasty had six years here.

The scenic Fenghe river is full of a large number of cultural treasuresfrom the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago. It is a magical and attractiveplace. Emperor min of the Western Jin Dynasty was the emperor in Changan, andhe was destroyed in only three years. The former Zhao, the former Qin, the laterQin, the Western Wei and the Northern Zhou established their capitals here.Changan city experienced a long period of war and shortage of soldiers afterthe Han Dynasty.

In 581 ad, Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, unified China again.Later, in the southeast of Changan City in the Han Dynasty, Yu Wenkai, a famousarchitect, designed and supervised the construction of Daxing City, the capitalof the Sui Dynasty. The scale, layout and scientific facilities of Daxing Cityobviously exceeded that of Changan City in Han Dynasty, which laid thefoundation of Changan City in Tang Dynasty. Tang Dynasty is the heyday ofChinese history, and Changan city is also an incomparable brilliant model inthe history of Chinese capital. Changan is not only the political, economic andcultural center of the Tang Empire, but also the largest international city inthe east of the world.

"The ancient imperial state in the middle of Qin Dynasty". History choseXian and Xian enriched history. Today, whenever people talk about the formerChangan in Xian, they are full of national pride and admiration for the richand incomparable ancient civilization of China for thousands of years.

If history chose Xian as the capital of emperors, making it the centralstage of Chinas politics, economy and culture for more than a thousand years,then the emperors who once made great achievements here chose Guanzhongsprofound and extensive loess land as their final destination. As a result, thedense and grand mausoleums of emperors spread all over Guanzhong with thearrogance of the past and the present, becoming one of the most unique culturallandscapes in Xian.

The imperial mausoleum in Shaanxi can be traced back to the mausoleum ofthe Yellow Emperor more than 5000 years ago. It is the mausoleum of XuanyuanYellow Emperor, the forefather of the Chinese nation. It is on the top ofQiaoshan mountain in Huangling County, north of Xian. Ever since ancient timesand every year, countless Chinese and Miao descendants have come here to payhomage to the mausoleum, find their roots, ask their ancestors, and remembertheir saints. Apart from the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, from the WesternZhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties, more than 70 emperors were alsoburied in Guanzhong.

Ancient Changan was not only the political and economic center of Chinafor a long time, but also the center of religious culture. In the Tang Dynasty,with political stability and economic development, the religious culture ofChangan reached its peak. At this time, not only the native Taoist culture inChina was widely spread, but also the foreign Buddhist culture was in aprominent position in social life.

Since the introduction of Buddhism into China in the Han Dynasty, it hasbecome the ideology of the gentry through the southern and Northern Dynasties.In the Tang Dynasty, it became a common practice to respect and worshipBuddhism. As the eastern end of the "Silk Road" and a cosmopolitan metropolis,Changan has gathered eminent monks and missionaries from all over the world.Inside and outside the city of Changan in the Tang Dynasty, there are manypagodas and temples, and there are many people who preach and listen to theDharma. According to historical records, there are 122 monasteries and 31nunnery monasteries in Changan city. Emperors and court dignitaries are proudto build monasteries and spend time with monks. The scale of these monasteriesis also amazing. For example, Cien Temple, which is called "Chonglou Fudian,Yunge Dongfang, more than ten monasteries, has a total of 1896, covering 342Mu". In the enlightened and open Tang Dynasty, not only the various sects ofBuddhist temples and Taoism, as the national religion, were very active, butNestorianism and Manichaeism also spread to China one after another, makingindelible contributions to the prosperity of Chinese and foreign cultures.

Today, there are still many religious and cultural relics inside andoutside Changan city. The towering big wild goose pagoda of Cien Temple andthe beautiful small wild goose pagoda of Jianfu temple have become the symbol ofXian, a famous historical and cultural city. Famen Temple has become a Buddhistholy land again because of the excavation of four Buddhist finger relicscollected in the Tang Dynasty. Daxingshan temple, Qinglong temple, Xiangjitemple and other famous temples have also become symbols of friendly exchangesand tourist attractions between China and foreign countries. The famous TaoistLouguantai, Baxian palace and Huajue Lane Muslim temple in the city areimportant places for the spread of Taoist culture.

In history, the ancient city of Xian has provided a broad and bright stagefor China to show its great and brilliant posture to the world, and madeimmortal contributions to the survival, progress and development of the Chinesenation. Perhaps it is just out of the reward for Xian that history generouslypresented this magical land with numerous historical relics and cultural relics.It is an invaluable treasure. It not only makes every Chinese proud and feel theresponsibility of history, but also as one of the cream of human culturalheritage, let people from all over the world comprehend the clear trajectory ofsocial civilization development and the surging creativity of human beings.

The historical relics in Xian and Guanzhong area have the integrity ofrare historical sequence. This outstanding advantage is determined by thelong-span characteristics of Xians long history, which is difficult for manyhistorical cities to match. Here, the Paleolithic artifacts of the Lantian apeman 1.15 million years ago and the painted pottery basin of the mud illusion ofthe matriarchal clan settlement in Banpo 6000 years ago jointly outline thecontext and footprints of the survival, reproduction and development of theprimitive ancestors; the deep, dignified, mysterious and treacherous bronzes ofthe Shang and Zhou dynasties represent the living atmosphere of the aristocratsin the slave society; The magnificent terracotta warriors and horses andexquisite stone portraits of the Qin and Han Dynasties are wrapped with thepolitical situation and flames of war in the early feudal society; the brilliantmurals and colorful gold and silver wares of the Sui and Tang Dynasties recordthe glorious chapter of the golden age; and the steles, porcelain products,calligraphy and paintings of the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are thewitness of the continued development of civilization in Xian after the loss ofthe prosperity of the imperial capital It is no exaggeration to say that it isno different to read a condensed general history of China to search the culturalrelics of Xian in chronological order.

Xian and its surrounding areas are rich in cultural heritage, which isanother advantage. Not to mention the large-scale sites such as FengHao of theWestern Zhou Dynasty, Xianyang palace of the Qin Dynasty, Changan city of theHan and Tang Dynasties, and the ancient buildings, temples, and grottoes ofMeilun and meimian, the number of movable cultural relics alone has reached morethan 600000 pieces (groups) according to preliminary statistics. Includingceramics, bronzes, jade, gold and silver, murals, stone and brick carvings,inscribed steles, seals and other categories. In this sense, the ancient city ofXian itself is a natural history museum, a palace of cultural art.

The natural landscape of Xian is also unique. In and around Xian, thereare Xiyue Huashan, which is known as "the most dangerous place in the world",Zhongnan mountain, which is cultivated by Wang Chongyang, the founder ofQuanzhen school, Taibai Mountain, which is known as "natural geological museum",Lishan Mountain, which is known as "Nuwa Butian", Louguantai, which is the mostblessed place in Dongtian, and Wangchuan, the hometown of Chinese landscape "Thehometown of ape man" -- Lantian cave and other scenic spots. The gardens inXian are full of royal style.

Huaqing Palace tells the story of "song of everlasting regret" with itsworlds first hot spring and warm romantic love story; Xingqing palace describesthe eternal story of "Li Bais drunkenness"; a song "the setting sun isinfinitely good, just near dusk" makes leyouyuans dusk a charming landscape."Last year and today in this gate, peoples faces and peach blossoms were red.People do not know where to go, peach blossom still smile spring breeze If youhave a chance to go to Weiqu, you will feel the true love under the peach treewith the dream of "human face peach blossom". There are 11 forest parks inXian, which constitute the natural oxygen bar of the ancient city.

The combination of humanity and landscape constitutes the unique charm ofancient Xian.

As the first ancient capital of China, Xian, after more than 3000 years ofdevelopment, shoulders numerous glorious and glorious dreams of the Chinesenation, and is firmly marching towards the future.

In 1949, after the founding of the peoples Republic of China, the ancientcity of Xian opened a new chapter in its own development history. Since the1980s, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, 6.18 millionpeople in Xian have seized the opportunity of the times, guided by science andtechnology, tourism, commerce and trade, and made great efforts to build Xianinto a socialist export-oriented city. A thriving and dynamic Xian city isstanding in the world. Today, Xian is an important base for scientific andtechnological research and development in contemporary China. At present, thereare more than 3000 scientific research institutions in the city, includingmachinery, electric power, electronics, aviation, aerospace, geology, chemicalindustry, textile, instruments, meters, nuclear industry and other scientificresearch institutions, as well as the only watch industry research institute inChina and the satellite measurement and control center, the central nerve ofaerospace measurement and control network, which is also located in Xian.

Today, Xian is an important base of Chinas higher education. There are 42institutions of higher learning, more than 10 mobile stations for postdoctoralresearch, about 100 doctoral degree awarding points and more than 300 mastersdegree awarding points in the city. Every year, the city trains a large numberof modern talents for the country, becoming a veritable "cradle of talents".

Today, Xian is a world famous tourist hot spot city. The long and vasthistorical and cultural heritages, the beautiful and magnificent natural sceneryof Northwest China, and the various and magical traditional folk customsconstitute the unique tourism resources in Xian, attracting countless touristsfrom home and abroad to explore. With the development of tourism, tourismfacilities and municipal engineering have been further improved. With Xian asthe center, high-grade highways are interwoven in all directions. The connectionof Eurasian Continental Bridge and the completion of Xian XianyangInternational Airport make the connection between Xian and other countries morefrequent and close. A large number of star hotels and modern entertainmentfacilities and places have sprung up, which not only provides a guarantee forthe development of tourism, but also adds style and charm to the appearance ofthe ancient city.

In order to enrich the cultural and entertainment life of tourists and meetthe needs of leisure and vacation, Xian has built more than 3700 cultural andentertainment facilities in various forms, such as tangle palace, gudu GrandTheater, Tanghua song and dance theater, shange Grand Theater, Ginza nightclub,Taoyuan Lake Bowling Club, etc; It has launched such artistic programs as TangChangan music and dance, imitating Tang music and dance, soul of Qin terracottawarriors, and folk music and dance in Northern Shaanxi, which have won praisefrom tourists at home and abroad.

Xians tourism commodity production has strong local characteristics.There are abundant folk arts and crafts, such as terracotta figurines, antiquebronzes, Qin embroidery, jade, silk, craft porcelain, Huxian farmers paintings,Tang Sancai, porcelain plate paintings, landscape tables, straw paintings,Guanzhong paper-cut, etc. There are 26 designated foreign tourist shops in thecity, which can meet the shopping needs of tourists at different levels. At thesame time, the catering industry in Xian can provide tourists with uniqueShaanxi cuisine, such as imitation Tang cuisine, Dumpling Banquet, muttonsteamed bun and famous local snacks.

Today, Xian is still an open international metropolis. Through the summaryof the rise and fall of history and the understanding of the bright future, thepeople of Xian have deeply realized that opening the door to the world andletting Xian go to the world is the only way for the development and prosperityof todays ancient city.

History has been kind to Xian, and Xian will live up to history!

北京密云司马台长城旅游导游词范文

司马台长城始建于明洪武初年，又经蓟镇总兵戚继光和总督谭伦加固。下面第一范文网小编为大家带来北京密云司马台长城旅游导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

北京密云司马台长城旅游

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

司马台长城位于北京东北部120公里的险关重镇古北口境内，此段长城始建于明洪武初年，是一段偏离原北齐长城基础的明长城，也是至今仍保留代长城原貌的一段古长城。

司马台长城，全长5.4公里，敌楼35座。整段长城构思精巧、设计奇特、构思新颖、形态各异，它集万里长城众多特色于一地，形成一段“奇妙的长城”。

综观司马台长城，可用“险、密、全、巧、奇”五字概括。险：司马台长城沿刀削斧劈似的山脊修筑，蜿蜒曲折，惊险无比，尤其是天梯和天桥两段，更是险中有险。天梯是单面墙长城，坡陡墙窄，最窄处不足半米，呈直梯壮沿山体上升，两侧更是陡峭悬崖，置身其上，俯首下望，令人目眩。天梯顶端，便是天桥，长不逾百米，宽只有一砖，约40厘米左右，两侧又是悬崖绝壁，令人不寒而栗，英雄气短，游客把这儿称作咫尺天涯。虽然名为天桥，但到这里的人们却都说：“过桥难，难于上青天”，这里可说是明长城中依山设险，险上加险的最险要地段之一。密：是司马台长城又一特点，两敌楼相距最近仅43.8米，最远600米，一般都在 100-------200米之间，若按当时明代筑长城的规定，每500米修敌楼一座的话，可见此段长城是一例外。全：是指敌楼和城墙的建筑形式奇特多样。从外观来看，敌楼有单眼楼、双眼楼、三眼楼、四眼楼和五眼楼，有单层楼，上下相通的双层楼和三层楼。它们均为空心敌楼，大小不一、形态组合各异，是按驻军的官衔等级，驻防人数以及地势险要程度分别来建造的。从内部结构来看，有砖结构、砖木结构、砖石结构;又有单室、双室、多室之分;房间布局有“田” 字、“井”字;楼顶变化多端，有平顶、穹窿顶、八角藻井顶、覆斗顶;就连门窗也新颖别致，有边门、中间门、有砖券和石券，还有技艺精湛的雕花花岗岩石门。这是长城史上不可多得的珍贵文物。司马台长城东段的仙女楼和望京楼就是两种具有代表性的敌楼，望京楼是司马台长城的制高点，海拔986米，为空心三眼楼，二层砖石结构。这里视野开阔，隐约可见北京城轮廓，故称望京楼。望京楼头，东观“雾灵积雪”、“蟠龙卧虎”、北看“燕山叠翠”、南瞧“水库明珠”、壮丽关山，尽收眼底。仙女楼是敌楼中建造得最美的一座，掩映在老虎山腰的树丛中，下部条石合缝，上部磨砖达顶。内部用青砖砌成两道大拱，三条甬道，十个券门。顶部正中心砌成蜘蛛网状的八角藻井，四边砌四个砖柱，游人在里面轻轻放歌便能发出悦耳的回音。门券上还有并蒂莲花浮雕，整个敌楼处处给人以精巧、细腻、秀丽之感。仿佛它不是人间战争的防御设施，而是一座仙境楼阁。此外、城墙的构造更是匠心独运，富于变化。因地形和军事上的需要，城墙又分为单边墙、双边墙和障墙，有砖砌、石砌及砖石混合砌，城墙上的箭孔疏密也从几十个直到上百个。巧：体现为进可攻，退可守，步步为营的障墙。而小天梯上的障墙，可谓登峰造极，在 20多米的垂直落差内从最顶上的障墙箭孔，一直可以通过所有障墙的射孔，到达最下的射孔，精巧之至，另人赞叹。由此可以想像昔日戌边将士苦战御敌的战争场面。奇：构筑在溶洞上的长城，洞与城的巧妙组合，在整个明长城中绝无仅有，令人称奇叫绝。

司马台长城虽以山势险陡、长城雄奇为主景，却不乏碧波荡漾、湖光帆影的优美环境，长城角下的鸳鸯湖赋予了这段长城以灵性，清澈的湖水，是由水量充沛、四季凉爽的冷泉和冬季热气喷涌、水温常年在38℃的温泉汇聚而成的，湖水冷暖各半，经东历夏，从不结冰。夏季里荡舟湖上，清风徐来，让人神清气爽，心旷神怡。

司马台长城不仅有奇丽的风光，亦是一座文化遗产的宝库。今年来，在这段长城上发现了许多长城文物，其中：有石刻“题名碑”，碑上记载着当年修建长城时的情况以及与建城有关的官员的名字，同时这里还发现几处城墙和敌楼上有带戳印文字的砖，上面刻的都是参加修建长城的军队名称和年代，如“万历五年山东左营造 ”、“万历五年宁夏营造”等等。长城砖上带有戳印文字，在其它长城上也是及为少见。在修复这段长城清基过程中，又清出一批出土文物：有当年守城将士使用过的各种武器，其中有铁炮、石炮、铁镞铁铳、手雷、三眼铳。铁弹丸、火药勺等，还有守城战士用过的生产生活用具，其中有锄头、铁铲、菜刀、铁灯碗等等，以上这些文物很珍贵，它为研究明代长城及明代历史提供了价值很高的事物资料。

长城是中国也是世界上非常重要的文化遗产，司马台长城则是这份遗产中的一颗明珠，为了更好地保护这段长城，并满足广大中外游客更好地领略长城的风采，司马台长城景区一手抓文物保护工作，一手抓旅游开发建设，使司马台长城这一世界文化瑰宝无愧于时代，无愧于著名长城专家罗哲文教授的评价：“中国长城是世界之最，而司马台长城是中国长城之最。”

司马台还为游客提供登城隐形索道、游览峡谷索桥、鸳鸯湖上泛舟、游泳、垂钓、住宿、小型会议、山寨野味等服务。6月举办司马台长城国际滑翔节、8月举办文化节、9月举办登城比赛。注意事项：由于司马台长城山路险峻，所以游客们万不可图一时之快而骑马登城，当您遇到什么问题时，可以拨打电话69031051向景区求助

司马台长城概况导游词

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

司马台长城始建于明洪武初年，又经蓟镇总兵戚继光和总督谭伦加固。这段长城被长城研究专家罗哲文教授誉称为：“长城是中国的建筑之最，而司马台长城是中国的长城之最。”因而被联合国教科文组织定为“世界人类优秀文化遗产”。其山势陡峭，地势险峻，工程浩繁，绵延19公里，敌楼多达135座。单说楼顶，就有平顶、穹窿顶、八角藻井顶等6种，墙体也有单边墙、双边墙、垛口障碍墙等7种。经过1987年开始复修，已对外开放。中外游客，竞相慕名而游。

交通方面的话可在东直门坐980路到密云，在密云搭去古北口的车到分岔路口，然后包车到司马台。玩后包车回到分岔路口，搭承德到北京的车返京。每年4到10月，也有旅游大巴可以到司马台长城，发车地点在宣武门天主教堂外的广场上。

自驾车：从北京出发走京承高速，在密云段下，再走101国道到达。交通线路：宣武门、东四十条乘游12路(只有双休日、节假日有车，且冬季不通车)直达。

司马台长城景观导游词

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

司马台长城始建于明洪武初年，又经蓟镇总兵戚继光和总督谭伦加固。其山势陡峭，地势险峻，工程浩繁，在山下望司马台长城，只见它背倚蓝天，横亘东西，野云悠悠，极高极险。其山势犹如人的手指并拢，呈双向阶梯状。若从西面登上长城，侧向看去，唯有一峰在上，仿佛只要奋力爬上，便可居高临下。但一旦登上第一个峰顶的敌楼，转身东望，却又有一峰逼面。当登上第二个山头的敌楼，仰头东望，还有更高一峰在上;而低头下望，只见第一个山头上的敌楼全被掩住，真个是“前不见古人，后不见来者。”登上第四个敌楼，眼下开阔起来，远处的村庄冒着温馨的炊烟，显得恬静、悠然。山那边青黄相间的草木一起一伏，几处羊群涌动，平添几许诗情画意，使人联想起“风吹草低见牛羊”的诗句。登上第六个敌楼，楼分上下两层：上层是瞭望台;下层是戍边

将士住房，三面有窗，北边是射箭孔。整个楼用大方石块砌成，显得敦实、坚固，气度不凡。造就出这一雄秀奇特无比的长城景观，应归功于这里特殊的燕山地形、重要的地理位置和戚继光等古代将士们的智慧创造。

司马台长城被鸳鸯湖分为东西两段。鸳鸯湖由流淌不息的常年在37℃的温泉和冰冷刺骨的冷泉汇集而成，致使湖水冷暖参半，每至严冬，湖内依然碧波荡漾，雾气升腾。

长城的最高处为“仙女楼”，需登“天梯”而上。天梯高达100米，坡度85度，几近垂直，无胆量的绝难征服。仰头上望，那砖石砌就的台阶仅可容脚，两侧悬崖陡壁，中间这一道台阶细如线，薄如刃，陡如立，不由人望梯兴叹，倒吸一口凉气。爬上仙女楼，景色果然更加壮美秀丽，俯首看脚下的悬崖，刀削斧劈一般，几缕雾岚挂在绝壁处，更显得陡峭惊险。西北边金山岭长城与司马台长城浑然一体，活像一条即将腾飞的苍龙。长城上大小不同、形态各异的敌楼，恰到好处地建立在各个制高点上，威风凛然，冷峻挺拔。整段长城，完美和谐，气势磅礴，处处显示出她的巧妙、奇特、雄伟和壮丽。再看看连绵不断的燕山山脉奔涌而起，叠起无数的奇幻;看着辽阔的华北平原无边无际，一直铺向目不所及的天边，

在这博大奇异的景色中，令人不由浮想联翩。

达兰鄂罗木河北段是中俄边界的水路界河。在鱼翔浅底水清清，荻港如屏草如茵的界河上泛舟，两岸山色的空灵，两国隔河相望的神秘，会使游人百感交集。同在一片蓝天下，同在一条河水里，两岸两种不同的标志，显示出两个不同的国度。红绿相间的俄国界桩，孤零零的竖立着。在中国一侧的汉白玉界碑上，镶嵌着中华人民共和国国徽，显得庄重、威严。63号界桩系中俄满洲里边界管段最后一个界桩，为中俄水路界桩，分界线以河道中心为界。此处为达兰鄂罗木河向东流至俄罗斯阿巴该图山下注入额尔古纳河的故道，为吞吐性河流。河水时涨时落，河道浅平，蜿蜒曲折，两岸多系沼泽、芦苇丛生。水大时汪洋一片，水小时则变成缓流小河，河岸经常被水冲刷而坍塌，使河道中心线无法确认。1993年5月经中俄勘界委员会多次实地勘测，原63号界桩在河道中心弯曲处，正对着俄罗斯阿巴该图山。

为准确确定中俄国境及河道的走向，特在原63号界桩处设立了70、71-1、71-2、71-3号界桩。70、71-2为俄方界桩，界桩为红、 绿相间的细长水泥立柱，上面写有俄文及桩号。71-1、71-3号界桩为中方界桩，界桩为花岗岩石碑，上面镶嵌着中华人民共和国国徽及中国71(1)、71(3)、1993等字样。70与71-2联线后为俄罗斯领土，71-2、71-3联线后为中国领土，中心线明确，经纬分明。两桩相对，两岸相望，界桩倒映在河道中。蓝天、白云又为河道划出了一条分界线，真可谓美景奇观。

二子湖界河探险游是东湖区一项最具特色的旅游项目之一。界河游的线路是乘船沿着达兰鄂罗木河从二卡红色国际秘密交通线遗址渔工房出发，途经二子湖水上乐园，直抵西南方向国内唯一的一块河中界碑-71号界碑，这也是一条水上观光、观鸟游的旅游线路。当游人乘一扁舟沿界河划行，苇荡里不时吹来湖水苇叶的清香。越往里划，湖水越深，犹如进入了大自然的怀抱。

河道两旁长满了茂密的芦苇和蒲棒，小船如穿行在幽深的芦苇相拥的绿色隧道。来到二子湖的中心区后，蓝天碧水间神奇而又独特的景观使人眼前豁然开朗。这里是一片无人打扰的世外桃源，茂密的芦苇倒映在水中，悠悠碧水变成了碧绿，百鸟相聚的景观使人惊喜。红嘴白天鹅似一位高傲的公主，对于不速之客的光临根本不屑一顾，依然悠闲自得地在水中嬉戏。偶有低翔的白鸥像离弦的箭一样射向天空，汇入尖着嗓子呜叫的鸥群结队而行。草原百灵叫得最欢，唱得最美，婉转动听的歌声把游人带入如诗如画的仙境中，使你感受到草原的辽阔，天空的高远。游人以中俄界碑为背景拍一张照片，留下难以忘怀的珍贵记忆。

莲花山并没有想象中来得那么美丽，入门时的第一感觉：还不如广州的白云山，论奇花异草的种类，莲花山不如白云山上的多;论山势，莲花山没有白云山大;论票价，莲花山倒是比白云山贵6倍。这是为什么呢?

正当我们打算草草结束此行时，正好步向了燕乐亭，站在形似木头的护栏边往下看，一种强烈的地势美猛然地攫住了我所有的感觉，那像是一口大大的天井，你站在井的最高处，把一切都尽收眼底：往下，湖水流光溢彩，一行行人正沿着曲径行走，大人小孩子的声音都是那么清甜美;树木参差不齐，眼前尽是郁郁葱葱的一片;远眺，是一片苍茫的海，据说那是珠江的入海口，远处几只海船，在烟波里朦朦胧胧着，偶尔会有只海欧飞过，盎然了一湾柔美心情。坐在亭边的小石凳上歇息片刻，呼吸山林里的绿意，仿佛，有一种绿意也被吸进了心灵里。心境刹那显得很很静。连说话都是一种多余。

莲花山较白云山多了一份禅意或许是因为里面的禅寺给了我这样一种感觉第一次，一生中的第一次，那么主动地虔诚里地握着香火在神龛前点香，连姿势都是那么讲究，耐心十足地等着香点着，留心地看着青烟袅袅，合眼有板有眼里磕拜，那一刻，似乎正在握住哪一方递来的一双手，感受那一端传来的教化30提供：旅游资源大全，免费旅游交易平台，旅游社区，旅游软件，把祈福都化在一声声只有自己才能听得明的呢喃里

去莲花山就不能不看望海观音了吧?观音铜像高达40.88m，是目前箔金铜像的世界之最。她慈眉善目，高高在上，俯瞰她脚底下的那长长长长的台阶，把慈爱洒向人间。而我则是仰望着眼前的那长长长长的台阶，心里想着：这有多少级呀?我们如果诚心地拾级而上，就应该可以见到那一片空灵的神明之地了吧?

站在观音神像前，许个心愿，化作在天宇间洒下的几滴雨水里……

Huangdi mausoleum, known as the first mausoleum in the world, is themausoleum of Xuanyuan Huangdi, the ancestor of the Chinese nation. It is locatedon the top of the bridge in the north of Huangling County. The mausoleum of theYellow Emperor was called "bridge mausoleum" in ancient times. It was a placefor emperors and famous people to worship the Yellow Emperor. According torecords, the earliest sacrifice to the Yellow Emperor began in 442 BC. Since theestablishment of the temple ceremony in 770, it has been the place of nationalsacrifice in successive dynasties. Huangdi was a great tribal leader at the endof the primitive society in China and the ancestor of the Chinese civilization.Later, our country can stand tall among the four ancient civilizations in theworld, which is inseparable from the extraordinary honor of the YellowEmperor.

The tomb is 3,6 meters high and 48 meters long. It is surrounded by a greenbrick wall. In front of the tomb is the inscription "Long Yu on Qiaoshanmountain" in the 15th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty, which means"Long Yu ascends to heaven" of the Yellow Emperor. In front of the pavilion fora sacrifice, Xie hilltop, cornices up warped, dignified.

Inside the pavilion stands the stone tablet of "mausoleum of the YellowEmperor" written by Guo Moruo. The cemetery area is surrounded by red walls,with Lingxing gate on the southeast side and imitation stone towers of HanDynasty on both sides. The interior of the cemetery area is paved with bricks,which looks simple and elegant. The front area of Huangdi temple is magnificent.The entrance square with an area of about 10000 square meters is paved with 5000large river pebbles, which symbolizes the 5000 year history of Chinesecivilization.

Every Qingming Festival, Chinese people from all over the world often comehere to worship.

Hello, everyone!

Welcome to the one-day tour of Sanhe ancient town. Im Wang Bing, the tourguide of Anhui travel agency. Just call me Xiao Wang. Its a pleasure to havefriends from afar on Confucius day. Im very glad to have you here today. At thesame time, I hope my service will make you satisfied. This is master Li, thedriver of our tour, Master Li has more than ten years of driving experience. Heis very skillful in driving. You can give us two hearts, rest assured to ourMaster Li, and happy to me. Share this journey

Dear tourist friends, our tour bus is about to start. Please take yourbelongings with you and get on the bus in an orderly way. Are you all seated? Ittakes one hour to get to Sanhe from here. During this period, I will give you abrief introduction of Sanhe ancient town

Sanhe ancient town is located in Feixi County, Hefei City, on the shore ofChaohu Lake. It is adjacent to Lujiang River in the South and Shucheng in theWest. It is known as "crossing three counties in one step, hearing the crowingof chickens in three counties". Sanhe ancient town is named after fengle River,Xiaonan River, Hangbu River and Sanshui river. It is a famous fishing and riceTown in Anhui Province, Sanhe, an ancient town, has a history of more than 2500years. Because most waterfowl gather here, it is called quezhu and quean. UntilMing Dynasty, it was called Sanhe, which has been used up to now. In addition,Sanhe has always been a place for military strategists, One of the most famousis the great victory of Sanhe in 1858. The ancient town Sanhe has always beenfamous for its ancient, beautiful and prosperous. The ancient streets, alleysand dwellings in the town prove the antiquity of Sanhe. In addition, the foodculture of Sanhe has a long history, including Sanhe shrimp paste and crisp duckYuanbao

Dear tourists, after crossing this bridge, we will enter Sanhe ancienttown. Please take your belongings and get ready to get off

The monument you can see is called the military and civilian dam monument.It is written with eight characters: military and civilian co construction,copper wall and iron arm. It is a monument set up here in 1992 when Sanhe TownPeople were rebuilding their homes according to the proposal of the masses. Itcommemorates the efforts of the army and the people of Hefei to rescue more than6000 people who were besieged by the floods when Sanhe Town was hit by theextraordinary flood in 1991, Created a once-in-a-hundred-year flood did notdrown one person, did not starve one person, did not die of illness one personseternal miracle

In November 1858, Chen Yucheng and Li Xiucheng took part in the TaipingHeavenly Kingdom. According to the plan, they surrounded the three rivers andtotally annihilated more than 6000 members of the elite Li Jibin army of Hunan,The second year, when Chen Yucheng was 22 years old, he was named king ofEngland by Hong Xiuquan because of his outstanding military achievements. InSanhe, people used to call Chen Yuchengs headquarters yingwangfu. The roadleading to yingwangfu is called yingwanglu. In front of yingwangfu, you can goin and visit it freely

In the opposite side of the kings road, there is an antique building. Itis the Wan Nian Tai. During the Xianfeng years of the Qing Dynasty, there weretwo 10000 years platforms built by the three rivers. The former was built bythe master, and the latter was built by the apprentice. When the two of thembuilt 10000 years of Chinese Taiwan, they agreed to use eight posts. Who knows secondyears, the master used the method of stealing and changing the post to removefour columns from the column, leaving only four, so there were only four topbeams in Town Gods Temples Wan Nian platform. It looks very exquisite andelegant. Its shape surpasses the Wannian platform built by his apprentice

Lets go to the right. Now you come to Guxi street. The street is not wide.Its all paved with bluestone. Most of the dwellings on both sides were built inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties. Guxi street used to be about 500 meters long andwas once known as Wuli street. Sanhe Town had the advantage of convenienttransportation in the water town when the traffic was blocked in ancient times,which made the commodity economy here get unprecedented prosperity

There are many alleys in Sanhe, including 26 big and small alleys. Amongthem, the most famous one is yirenxiang. It is the oldest and longest deep lanein Sanhe, and only one person can pass in and out of it. At the end ofyirenxiang, there is a private house, which used to be the guest house of Dr.Yang Zhenning. Dr. Yang Zhennings mother, Ms. Luo Menghua, was born in Sanhe.Hefei was occupied in February 1937, Yang Zhenning went to Sanhe to study withhis mother and lived in this humble house

Sanxian bridge is one of the oldest bridges in Sanhe ancient town. It spansxiaonanhe River and is located in the center of the ancient town. It is the linkconnecting Feixi, Shucheng and Lujiang counties, so it is called Sanxian bridge.When the bridge was built, people paid great attention to it. Each piece ofbridge stone was filled with glutinous rice and egg white, It is said that thebridge was built by monk Bao after half his life

Dear tourists, our browsing is coming to an end. Lets taste the deliciousfood of Sanhe

蒙顶山之雅，还在于高。蒙顶山得天独厚的生态环境，成就了蒙顶山高雅独特的蒙顶山茶文化。蒙顶山是世界茶文化发源地，世界茶文化圣山。早年西汉甘露三年(公元前53年)，蒙顶山腰药农吴理真就开始在蒙顶山载培训化野生茶树，在五峰之中手植七株，后人称为“仙茶”。蒙顶仙茶不断，由于品质特佳，制作精细，自唐玄宗天宝元年(公元742年)被引为皇帝祭天祀祖的专用品，一直沿袭至清末(1911)历经1146年从不间断。

现在“扬子江中水，蒙顶山上茶”成为流传甚广的诗句。而登临蒙顶山，品味蒙顶茶自然也就成为无数人的人生一大快事，就连深谙音乐和茶道的唐代大诗人白居易也不例外。他在品尝了蒙顶茶后，欣然留下了“琴里知闻惟渌水，茶中故旧是蒙山”的赞誉。从唐至宋，蒙顶山贡茶誉满朝野。现在作为皇家贡品的蒙顶茶的历史，除了蒙顶山上保存完好的“皇茶园”等众多历史遗迹，更有众多文章诗词传诵至今。当年黎阳王入川检贡茶，在品饮了蒙顶山贡茶后留有“若叫陆羽持公论，应是人间第一茶”的赞誉。宋代诗文画家文同的诗曰：“蜀土茶称圣，蒙山味独珍”，一个“称圣”，一个“独珍”，把蒙顶茶作最恰当的评价茶以文传，文随茶播，博大精深，渊源流长的茶文化给蒙顶山风景名胜区赋予了深刻的文化内涵，扩大了蒙顶山景区的深度，显示了高雅的格调和意境。

蒙顶山环境独特，历史悠久、人文内涵丰富、文物古迹众多，其主要景点就有茶坛、世界茶博馆、天梯、天盖寺、碑廊、阴阳石麒麟、古蒙泉、蓬莱阁、皇茶园、蒙茶仙姑、甘露石室、红军纪念馆、禅惠之庐等知名景点。

四川蒙顶山导游词3

世界第一大茶壶位于蒙顶山停车场旁，世界第一大茶壶，直径10米，茶壶嘴长3米，茶壶柄13米，壶身加壶嘴直径近16米，壶高9.8米，茶水从直径4米的大茶碗里漫出，形成落差50米的茶瀑布。茶壶、茶碗、茶瀑布，茶树环绕，依山傍水，气势恢弘。依然一幅天然的茶画，让来到此处的蒙顶山游客，形象地感受到与世界茶文化圣山以脉相承德博大精深的蒙顶山茶文化。据考证，该茶壶为目前世界上直径最大的茶壶。

茶坛位于蒙顶山景区中轴线上，是由一座宏大的石刻三足宝鼎和九根盘龙雕刻石柱组成。三只鼎足分别刻有蒙顶山、青城山、峨嵋山，以此预示蜀中三大名山的鼎足地位。

世界茶文化博物馆坐落在茶坛中轴线以下，是一座规模宏大的联体仿古建筑群。整个博物馆建筑具有较高的外观美感和独特的艺术内涵。博物馆内汇集了茶叶发展史上各个重要历史阶段和重要地域的详实资料，将博大精深的茶文化通过珍贵的历史文物、艺术的形象加工、详实的史料展示，为世人呈现出一个“千秋蒙顶，茶香天下”的博大历史画卷。

从禹王宫至天盖寺正殿前有石梯1436阶，落差240米，被称为天梯。故自古有“上山高不极，云梯可到天”之说。相传昔日大禹治水成功，率众登蒙顶祭天，曾历经此道。

各位游客：大家好!

我叫周杨，是大家这次游丽江的导游。

我们正前往丽江古城的路上。这座古城位于盆地的中心，建于宋朝，到现在已有800多年的历史，1997年被列入世界文化遗产。

现在，我们已经来到了古城。城口那一双水车，大家称它为子母水车，是古城的标志。大家顺着水就可以进城，逆着水就能出城，不会迷路。

大家随我进城。街道两边清澈的河水，弯弯曲曲的小桥，微风拂动的柳树，这云南高原小镇，是不是有江南水乡的特色呢?大家从这个大石桥往远处看，山顶上有皑皑白雪的，就是玉龙雪山。

现在，我们来到四方街，这是古城的中心，道路通向四面八方，著名的茶马古道从这里经过。白天人们在这里买卖商品，每当夜幕降临，纳西族人手拉手跳舞、唱歌。

祝各位游客在古城玩得开开心心。

Junction of the Yangtze river and wujiang river within the territory of chongqing is an ancient city, the country make a fuling. In ancient times known as is located in north latitude 29 ° 43 , longitude 107 ° 24 . Total length of 1600 meters, 10 to 15 meters wide, stretching from west to east, show a glyph parallel to the river. Water level elevation 81 meters, 137 beam ridge above the lowest water level 2 meters, 30 meters below the highest water level. 100 meters from south of the Yangtze river, stands at the junction of the Yangtze river and wujiang river in the east. Since the tang dynasty at more than 1200 years of over 170 words inscribed copy engraved on it, this is the famous built inscribed copy.

Built, why the poetic name, although opinions vary, but are associated with a person called er Zhu Tong micro. According to legend, when the northern wei dynasty, er Zhu Tong reluctant to usurp the throne and cousin, Zhu Rong confluence, abandoned the family, as, number, zhu reality. , zhu, an city, to close state, proud satrap. The satrap anger, will cage zhu jiang. Bamboo cage is not heavy, but, down the river to crane fucheng states gathered Shi Liang, encounter a fisherman for network and white stone. , zhu is a deep sleep, fishermans long should not be, qing fang su, hence to alter ego. Fisherman still cloth net, canoe, Zhu Jixu fix true blast; Knee is relatively late chat, tired foot LAN rivers dream. Bamboo flute fishermans song, copper qing scripture, each had its interest, a special love between both sides. Day, take Dan zhu with baishi fisherman and alcoholic drink, drunk after, take the fairy to crane. Built so named.

Built in tang dynasty inscribed copy the beginning moment GuangDe first year (AD 763), the existing 165 segments, 30000 words, 18 stone fish tail, 1, 2 statue of guanyin, crane, which involves the value of the hydrological 108 period, is the worlds only be sharpening the fish as the "water mark", ancient hydrological stations and observation records of hydrology. In the Yangtze river in China than in 1865 set up the first draft - wuhan jianghan shut hydrologic water level observation records 1100 years earlier, so the first ancient hydrological station of the world ".

According to the relevant departments of the observation, built in the tang dynasty stone fish belly, roughly equivalent to fuling district of modern the average of the calendar year low water level, and 24 years of the reign of emperor kangxi burring fish fish eye height, and roughly the same familiar channel department of the local water level zero. In August 1988, published by the state council as one of national key cultural relics protection units.

20xx by the state administration of cultural heritage in the Chinese world heritage tentative list. 175 meters after the impoundment of the three gorges dam, built inscribed copy will always drown in nearly 40 m recently. From central to local leaders at all levels attach great importance to built inscribed copy protection work, to built inscribed copy protection or not, is directly related to the world that the key to whether the three gorges project belongs to the civilization construction. Built protection engineering has produced a total of seven protection plan, more than 10 member of Chinese academy of engineering, academy of sciences has participated in the built in the evaluation of protection scheme. After 10 years of repeated proof, according to the international "Venice charter" in mobile give priority to the principle of protection of cultural relics in situ, 20xx countries have adopted the academy of engineering ge XiuRun offered to "no pressure vessel" way of protection, creatively built the worlds only built with a depth of 40 meters underwater museum. Built the site protection underwater engineering is first of the four cultural relics protection project of three gorges project. Built to protect the project started in 20xx to build, officially opened on May 18, 20xx, the first prize of science and technology innovation by state administration of cultural heritage, and a total investment of about 200 million yuan.

Built underwater museum in April 20xx during the first three gorges international tourism festival official trial opening to the outside world.

Tourists, no matter which city you come from, every city will have somecommon places, such as rush hour, smoke from big chimneys, river pollution, foodsafety concerns, continuous noise at night, constant temperature of office airconditioning; our city residents are like fighting machines, bearing thepressure and helplessness of city life every day. We gradually lose the feelingof getting along with nature unconsciously.

So many friends hope to go to a pure place, looking for some of theancients simple life fun. As a result, ancient towns, small towns and villageshave become temporary paradise for our tired body and mind. Many friends chooseto go to Tibet, because there are holy snow mountains and mysterious customs.However, the long journey, high altitude reaction and high cost may delay ourplan for the time being.

But at this time, you came to Guizhou, I said: This is your wisechoice!

First of all, you dont have to worry about the thin air and cold climate,because we all feel the mild and humid climate here. The pure air makesbreathing a kind of enjoyment. Although there is no endless snow mountain, it isfull of verdant forests. If you want to experience the rich customs of ethnicminorities, you can get it everywhere in our mountains, rivers, restaurants andwindows.

Referring to the 17 ethnic minorities living in Guizhou, I would like toask you which ethnic groups you know? (after listening to the tourists answers,add: Miao, Dong, Buyi, Shui, Yi, Gelao, Zhuang, Yao, Tujia, man, Bai, Hui, she,Mongolia, Maonan, Qiang, Mulao)

You may not have thought that in Bijie and Dafang areas of NorthwestGuizhou, there are Mongolian and Manchu nomads who can live here. In fact, themost representative Miao people in Guizhou came here more than __ years ago. AsI have said before, Guizhou is a province composed of political parties of allages, and the Miao compatriots can be said to be the earliest political partiesin Guizhou.

Miao is an ancient nationality, which originated from the "Jiuli" tribe inthe Yellow Emperor Period more than 5000 years ago. At that time, "Jiuli" livedin the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. In the war with Huangditribe, Huangdi and Yandi United. Chiyou, the leader of Jiuli, was captured andkilled by Huangdi. The rest of the tribe retreated to the middle and lowerreaches of the Yangtze River, forming "Sanmiao" tribe and establishing Sanmiaostate.

Four thousand years ago, the northern Chinese tribes headed by Yao, Shunand Yu fought against the "Sanmiao" again and again; finally, the state ofSanmiao was destroyed by Xiayu. Some of them were expelled to southern Sichuan,Northeast Yunnan, Northwest Guizhou and other places, forming the Miaonationality with Western dialect; some of them were integrated with Chinese; theother part was called "Nanman" in Shang and Zhou Dynasties; because they livedin the middle reaches of Han River, they were called "Jingchu barbarians".Later, the advanced part of Jingchu barbarians gradually developed into Chunationality and established Chu state, while the backward part continued to moveto Hunan, Guizhou, Guangxi, Hubei and other mountainous areas, most of whichstayed in Southeast Guizhou and developed into Miao compatriots living in thedepth of Miaoling in Guizhou Province.

According to the fifth census, there are 8.9 million Miao people in China,and more than 70% of them live in Guizhou. Over the past few years, our Hancompatriots have been converging and developing into a modern society, withoutany traces of ancient ancestors. The trace of slash and burn cultivation hasbeen preserved by this group of Miao people in the mountains of Guizhou. TheMiao culture has a long history, and its strong cultural charm is reflected fromthe Miao familys clothing, food, housing and transportation, song and danceentertainment, weddings and funerals.

Miao is a hospitable people, toast is the best courtesy Miao people use toentertain guests, so no matter which Miao village you visit, Miao people willuse the cup filled with wine to sing a toast song for you. After drinking theMiao rice wine and entering the Miao village, the Miao compatriots will welcomethe guests with their thousand year old songs and dances. Among them, woodendrum dance is the most famous in Fanpai village of Taijiang County in SoutheastGuizhou. Whenever there are sacrificial activities and festivals, the wholevillage will dance with wooden drum accompaniment. This dance is bold and fullof rhythm, which is called "Oriental disco" by European and Americantourists.

Most of the songs and dances of Miao people are hip twisting, which isrelated to their living environment. Miao tribes are basically in the mountains,along the way are mountain paths, and Miao costumes, women are wearing thickskirts, when carrying items on their shoulders, in order to walk conveniently,they have to carry skirts and twist waist to walk, so their crotch is relativelydeveloped, so dance is mainly to twist crotch.

In addition to the colorful long skirt Miao, there are also short skirtMiao. For the convenience of walking, in the short skirt Miao village of DatangVillage, Leishan County, Southeastern Guizhou, the super short skirt is not arecent international fashion, but a womans clothing that has been handed downfrom generation to generation. They like to wear it as super short skirt, whichis very convenient to go up and down the mountain. The short skirt Jinji danceis also a classic dance. Wearing short skirts, the women imitate the brisk paceof the natural golden pheasant in the accompaniment of Lusheng, which is verybeautiful. When dancing, the silver ornaments and bells on the body are ringing,full of youthful vitality. originate

Miao people have their own language and no culture. Their history and lifeare often passed on from generation to generation through clothing embroiderypatterns and songs. When it comes to our Miao peoples singing, its amazing! Weknow that song Zuying, a famous Chinese singer, is Miao people, but his familyis Guzhang County in Xiangxi, Hunan Province, which is closely connected withQiandongnan. She has sung the "flying song of the earth" we are very familiarwith, flying song is our Miao unique singing form. But why is it called "Feige".This has something to do with where our Miao compatriots live. When we come tothe center of Miao peoples settlement, the Balahe River Valley, Leishan County,Taijiang county and other places in Southeast Guizhou, we will find that mostMiao villages are built on the mountain. It takes a lot of effort to transferinformation between villages. In the past, there was no modern communicationtool, so it took a lot of effort to go up and down the mountain. Smart Miaocompatriots found that the intensity of singing is greater than that ofspeaking, and the transmission is far away, so they use singing to transmitinformation. Lets think about it. Its like flying when singing in themountains. So this kind of dynamic and energetic singing form is gradually leftbehind. Now the Miaos flying songs have gone across the sea. The sweet and highpitched songs of a Youduo, a Miao singer from Guizhou, have been sung in theyouth song competition of CCTV, the Golden Hall of Vienna and the concert hallof the United States.

Speaking of which, let me dedicate a flying song of our Miao nationality toyou. Thank you again for your coming. The singing is not necessarily authentic,just to give you more feelings. Thank you for your encouragement.

When we go to the village, we will see the neat farmland and the clearriver. The environment of the village is elegant and the layout is reasonable.The clean stone path in the village winds to every household. Miao people need alot of wood to build houses, but they have a strong sense of sustainabledevelopment. Every child is born, they have to plant a forest. Every tree is cutdown, they have to get the approval of the whole village. Every village issurrounded by dense forests, and every village will have the largest ancienttree as its patron saint. Miao people live in a house called Diaojiaolou, whichis not as solid and closed as Fujian Tulou, nor as slim and transparent asYunnan bamboo building, but has a kind of simplicity and persistence rooted inmountains. Diaojiaolou is generally built on the hillside, using the local wholefir log support structure, the support is combined by wood wedge, without nails.Then the wooden groove is carved on the bracket, and the wooden plate is used asthe wall. In the past, the roof was made of fir bark, but now it is made ofsmall green tiles. This kind of Miao folk house is generally built with threefloors. The bottom floor is used to pile up sundries and feed livestock; thesecond floor is used for the living of the owner; and above the third floor isthe roof for stacking grain. On the second floor, there is a place similar tothe balcony, which is the place where our Miao girls communicate with theoutside world. Its called "meirenrely". When a Miao girl grows up, she willembroider her dowry and sing folk songs while waiting for a lover.

There is a fixed festival for young Miao men and women to fall in love -sister meal day. On March 15 of the lunar calendar, unmarried girls go up to themountain to pick leaves and flowers, which are used to dye red, yellow, white,blue, black and other colors into "colorful glutinous rice". This is sistersrice. The girls set up tables and displayed meals. Several or more peoplegathered together to warmly receive the young men who came to beg for "sistersdinner". Young men from other places who go to any family to express theircongratulations and admiration to the girls and ask for "sister meal" from themcan be warmly treated. After dinner, the girl and the young man make anappointment to go to the square or other places in the village to sing lovesongs and fall in love all night. Through the festival of "sister meal", youngmen and women can choose their favorite person and form a lifelong partner.Therefore, their marriage is relatively open.

If we visit the Miao family for dinner, we may not be used to their specialdishes. However, if you can eat the most famous sour soup fish, it is ablessing. Sour soup is fermented by Miao family with rice soup and wild redpersimmon. Every family has prepared it. Fish, of course, are wild fish from theriver. Fish in sour soup tastes sour and sweet. The fish is tender anddelicious. Then cook some tofu and vegetables. Its appetizing and nutritious.During the meal, when everyone sits around the fire pool, the host will sing atoast song and offer sweet rice wine to the guests, which will make you feelhappy and forget to return.

宝顶山位于大足县城龙岗镇东北15公里处的宝顶镇，海拔527.83米。宝顶山石刻包括以圣寿寺为中心的大佛湾、小佛湾造像，由号称"第六代祖师传密印"的赵智凤于公元1174-1252年间(南宋淳熙至炉子佑年间)。历时70余年，有总体构思组织开凿而成，是一座造像近万尊的大型佛教密宗道场。同时，也是大足石刻精华之所在，并把中国石窟艺术推上了最高峰。

圣寿寺依山构筑，雄伟状观。南宋赵智凤创建，后遭元、明兵燹，明、精两度重修。现存山门、天王殿、帝释殿、大雄殿、三世佛殿、燃灯殿和维摩殿七重殿宇，为清代重建，建筑面积1631.68平方米。

大佛湾位于对寿寺左下一个形似"U"字形的山湾。崖面长约500米，高约8-25米。造像刻于东、南、北三面崖壁上，通编为31号。其内容前后连接，无一雷同，尤如一幅图文并茂的画卷。

小佛湾位于圣寿寺右侧，坐南面北，其主要建筑为一座石彻的坛台，高2.31米，东西宽16.50米，进深7.90米。坛台上用条石彻成石壁、石室，其上遍刻佛、菩萨像，通编为9号。

宝顶山石刻表现出有异于中国前期石窟多方面的特点：

1、宝顶山石刻是中国罕见的大型佛教密宗石窟道场。大佛湾是为广大世俗众生进行说教的外道场，小佛湾是信徒受戒、修行的内院，体系完备而有特色。在石窟的显著部位，图文并茂地刻有号称"唐瑜伽部主总持王"柳本尊的行化事迹图，并在二十多处造像的主尊位置刻柳本尊、赵智凤"即身成佛"的形象。

2、宝顶山石刻的表现形式在石窟艺术中独树一帜。大佛湾数千尊造像题材不重复，龛窟间既有教义上的内在联系，又有形式上的相互衔接，形成一个有机的整体。其内容始之以六趣唯心，终之以柳本尊正觉成佛。其间有教有理，有行有果，形成系统。经变相对应配刻经文、偈语、颂词等，图文并茂，且与藏经有异，是历代藏经未收入的藏外佛教石刻文献，对佛教典籍的研究具有重要学术价值。

3、造像注重阐述哲理，把佛教的基本教义与中国儒家的伦理、理学的心性及道教的学说融为一体，兼收博采，显示了中国宋代佛学思想的特色。

4、宝顶山石刻是中国石窟艺术民族化、生活化的典范。造像内容和表手法都力求生活化。如父母恩重经变相通过求子、怀胎、临产，以及养育子女的过程，形象生动，感人肺腑。牧牛图长达30余米，刻出林泉山涧，云雾缭绕，其间穿插"十牛、十牧"，抒情诗般地再现了牧牛生活。又如横笛独奏的"吹笛女"，充满内心喜悦的"养鸡女"，酒后昏乱的"父子不识"、"夫妻不识"、"兄弟不识"、"姐妹不识"的"醉酒图"等等，无不活灵活现。雕刻大师们体验生活之精微，再现生活之准确，令人叹服。

5、宝顶山石刻是石窟艺术的集大成之作，在诸方面都有创造性的发展。造像以能慑服人心为其创作原则，借以激发信众对佛法的虔诚。造像、装饰、布局、排水、采光、支撑、透视等，都十分注重形式美和意境美。如千手观音1007只手屈伸离合、参差错落，有如流光闪烁的孔雀开屏。这不但是中国千手观音之最，也是世界佛教艺术中一大奇观。释迦涅般像，又称卧佛，全长31米，只露半身，其构图有"意到笔伏，画外之画"之妙，给人以藏而不露的美感。

这是中国山水画于有限中见无限这一传统美学思想的成功运用。地狱变相龛刻阴森恐怖的十八层地狱;牛头马面狰狞强悍，受罪人呼天号地;尖刀、锯解、油锅、寒冰、沸汤诸般酷刑惨不忍睹，令人触目惊心。圆觉洞内的数十尊造像刻工精细，衣衫如丝似绸，台座酷似木雕。洞口上方开一天窗采光，光线直射窟心，使洞内明暗相映，神秘莫测。高大的华严三圣像依崖屹立，身向前倾，成功地避免了透视变形，袈裟绉褶舒展，披肩持肘，直至脚下，支撑手臂，使文殊手中所托数百斤重的石塔历千年而不下堕。九龙浴太子图利用崖上的自然山泉，于岩壁上方刻九龙，导泉水至中央龙口而出，让涓涓清泉长年不断地洗涤着释迦太子，给造像平添了一派生机，堪称因地制宜的典范。

苍岩山位于革命圣地西柏坡南70余公里的井陉境内，距省会石家庄50公里，景区总面积63平方公里。这里奇峰异石林立，青松翠柏常青，历史文化悠久，是旅游休闲、消夏避暑、健体科研等多功能风景名胜区和旅游胜地，宛如一颗璀璨的明珠，镶嵌在太行山中。

苍岩山不仅是风景、旅游胜地、而且还是佛教文化名山;隋炀帝的长女南阳公主曾在此出家为尼。自隋至今，经历代修整形成现有的福庆寺、卧佛寺、龙岩寺、公主坟、菩萨顶、玉皇顶、銮台垴等寺庙园林和休闲场所。经佛教协会批准，常年有僧人留住，并依法开展各种佛事活动。

苍岩山景区观丰富多彩，群峰巍峨，怪石嶙峋，深涧幽谷，古树名木，清泉碧湖，构成了奇特、幽雅、秀丽的自然景观。千年古刹以悠久的历史和卓越的建筑艺术构成了奇异壮观的人文之美，自古就有“五岳奇秀揽一山，太行群峰唯苍岩“的美誉。

苍岩山，1988年被国务院评定为国家重点风景名胜地;1994年被审定为历史文化名山;1999年被专家评为石家庄十大名景之首;由李安执导，曾荣获73届奥斯卡四项大奖的影片《卧虎藏龙》的许多镜头就在这里拍摄。

Ladies and gentlemen, through the dalinggeng tunnel, its Zhapo town.

As for the origin of Zhapos name, some people say that once upon a time,when men went out to sea, the women in their families often stood on the highslopes and waited for their husbands to come back, so they called it "zhanpo";ganmin in Yangjiang pronounced "Zhan" and "Zhapo", so they called it "Zhapo";others said that Zhapo was originally built on a very messy hillside, so it wascalled "zapo" In fact, the origin of Zhapos name comes from the couplets at thegate of Mayuan temple.

In ancient times, on the island along the coast of Yangjiang, fishermenlived happily and peacefully.

It is said that since then, an evil dragon has been swimming in the sea,often making waves, and the fishermens life is not peaceful.

When the tsunami came, families were destroyed and devastated.

Later, Ma Yuan, the Fubo General of the Eastern Han Dynasty, passed throughYangjiang. Knowing this, he called for a big stone from the sea to suppress thewaves.

This big stone is now the "Butterfly Island" in front of Zhapo town.

From then on, the sea did not raise waves, and fishermen moved in one afteranother, making it a new fishing port.

In memory of the Fubo General Ma Yuan, people built a Ma Yuan Temple on theseaside mountain. A couplet was written at the entrance of the temple: "chishisilently protects the stability of the boat, and the gate wave maintains thepeace of Hailing." it means: General Ma Yuan moved the big stone here to protectthe safety of the fishing boat; the big stone blocked the waves, and the windand waves were calm from then on, maintaining the peace of Hailing Island.

Later, the local fishermen were grateful and nostalgic for General MaYuans kindness of "chishizhapo", so they named the new port "Zhapo".

(指为官表)现在我们看到的是林则徐历官三十多年的职官表，林则徐从1820_年开始任地方官，他第一次担任的是"江南道监察御史"，此后1832年7月任江苏巡抚，这是林则徐为官最长的省份，前后长达20_年之久。1842年林则徐被发配，在整整呆了三年，之后朝廷又重新启用了他，担任陕甘总督、陕西巡抚，最后一任是云贵总督。1849年，因病回到福州。1850年，奉旨赴广西途中，于11月22日病逝广东省潮州普宁县，终年66岁。林则徐一生中曾经两次任钦差大臣，这在当时是非常罕见的。

(指图)林则徐一生从政，在治水方面政绩尤为突出，现在我们所看到的这幅图就是林则徐在江苏新修水利示意图：林则徐任江苏巡抚长达五年之久，他以卓越的才能和强烈的责任感，防灾、抗灾、赈灾，兴修水利。1832年，太湖流域的刘河和白茆河由于常年失修，引起灾害，林则徐到任后想方设法，解决了困扰近20_年的治水经费问题，不到3个月全部完工。1835年7月，苏松一带大雨倾盆，由于河道畅通，原来每年都被淹的河段，现在安然无恙。在林则徐的带领下，江南各州县很快掀起兴修水利的热潮，大大改善了当地的水利条件和抗灾能力。

林则徐一生，始终关注水利的兴修。从江南海塘、黄河、运河、到长江流域等等，到处都留下了他治水的业绩。治水成了他一生的主要业绩之一，大家现在所看到的就是林则徐治理的几处河道遗址：有浏河大闸、 荆江大堤、河南祥符黄河、高家堰、淮河(指各图)。

林则徐兴修水利的足迹遍布南滨北疆。这就是他在改造的“林公渠”和“坎儿井”。在吐鲁番,他发现一种被当地人称为“卡井”(坎儿井)的水利设施,看到水在土中穿穴而流,惊叹不已。询问当地群众,才知道这是一种因地制宜、可长期采用、效果良好的地下水利工程。他很快就把这一灌溉方法加以改进，并推广到各地。他还自己出资，承修龙口水渠，百姓就把“坎儿井”称为“林公井”。把水渠称为“林公渠”,以表示对林则徐造福边陲的深切怀念和感激。

(指图)西湖是福州的游览胜地之一，也是一个水利设施。当年林则徐常到西湖读书，这是林则徐曾经的读书处——“西湖桂斋”。(指图)

(指漆画)1820_年,林则徐父亲去世,回到福州守孝，看到西湖因长年失修,湖面缩小，林则徐提出重浚西湖的倡议,第二年9月完工。完工后，林则徐又组织了人力，物力栽种了千株梅树，精制两艘游艇供人游玩。在林则徐的一生中，修西湖只不过是一个小插曲，但是林则徐责无旁贷地修了西湖，并提供游览环境，也足见他的感情世界五彩斑斓，雅兴盎然。

(指漆画)林则徐爱民治水的情结实在令人钦敬。早在1820_年林则徐任江苏布政使时，母亲病故，林则徐回到福州为母亲守孝。按照封建礼制，在家乡丁忧要三年。当时江南10多个州县被水淹，道光帝特下旨，派林则徐赶到那里督工。但是林则徐为了千万灾民的安危，身着素服，不加顶戴，终日奔走在泥泞的工地上，真正做到了忠孝两全。

(指漆画)1837年林则徐在湖广总督任上，当地又出现灾情，林则徐感到形势严重，采取很多防御和抢救措施。

(指漆画)林则徐曾两度治理黄河，功绩显著。第一次是1831年10月，林则徐升为东河河道总督，专心学习研究河务工程，注重实地考察，在冰天雪地中亲自勘查。第二次参与黄河治理，情况和第一次大为不同，他是以“戴罪”之身来到黄河，将功赎罪的。那是在1841年4月，林则徐革职遣戍伊犁。当时黄河决口，周边州、县直接受灾。道光帝令林则徐折回开封灾区“效力赎罪”。朝廷并派大学士王鼎，前往开封主持堵口工程，王鼎十分器重林则徐，希望林则徐能够戴罪立功，以免予发配。林则徐起早贪黑，全力以赴，到年底就完成了堵口工程，但道光帝还是下旨“林则徐仍往伊利”，王鼎含泪和林则徐告别，林则徐青衣小帽，踏上了遣戍伊犁的漫漫征途。王鼎回到府内，悲愤交加，自缢身亡，终以“尸谏”朝廷，希望皇帝有所悔悟。林则徐两度治理黄河，不管个人处境如何不同，他都抱定“苟利国家生死以，岂因祸福避趋之”这一信念，知难而进，毫不退避，也理所当然地被后人瞻仰。

在治水利民的同时，他积极采取多种措施赈灾。首先，提出救灾和恢复农业生产办法;其次，主张富人和官吏捐财、捐粮食，捐物资;同时还扩建了苏州育婴堂。

(指图)这是用于赈济灾荒的粮仓——江苏丰备义仓遗址。林则徐为了促进农业发展，提倡种植双季稻提高农作物产量。他任江苏巡抚时，还提倡各地充实粮食储备，作为有备无患的长计。他把衙门后的房间改造成"丰备义仓"，储备了粮食八千多担，这是一座具有规模的储存粮食的仓库。

(指图)林则徐在江苏抗灾后，全力组织救灾，为了使灾民及时得到粮食，还亲自到现场，指挥发放灾粮，避免贪官污吏从中克扣粮食，中饱私囊。

(指图)1833年的9月，林则徐在江苏巡抚任上，当时江苏发生了特大的水灾，林则徐忧心如焚，准备向道光皇帝奏报灾情，要求缓征赋税，赈发灾粮，但是皇帝先发制人下了御旨，不准缓征赋税。按朝廷规定不能以一个人的名义上书皇帝，而且过了9月份不准再报秋灾。但是，眼看如果继续征税，百姓只有饿死，并且可能引起民反。林则徐为了百姓的生存，也为了安定稳定，不顾个人安危，冒着杀头的危险，连夜写下了3000字的奏折，以一个人的名义上书皇帝要求缓征赋税。这就是有名的“单衔上疏”。在这篇奏折里，他描绘了灾区的惨状，阐述了民为邦本的思想观念，之后道光皇帝怕灾民造反，只好准奏。林则徐这次单衔上疏在江苏产生了巨大的影响，消息传开，百姓争相传抄林公用血泪写成的这份奏折。它堪称中国近代史上一篇不朽的爱民文献。

(指图)林则徐在抗灾救荒中，不单单靠朝廷救济，还动员灾民开展生产自救，这就是林则徐亲自带领灾民参加修筑河堤的画面。

(指图)林则徐在江苏和陕西的救灾中，还解决了许多棘手问题。他推行“当牛法”：林则徐见灾民因为没有食物，而杀掉耕牛，这样就影响第二年的种地，其后果非常严重，因此他说服农民把耕牛典当给官府喂养，第二年再还给农民，保证今后的农业生产得到恢复。

(指文物)这本《使滇小草》是林则徐的第一部诗集，是他1820_年去云南任乡试主考官的途中，将沿途的见闻记载下来，整理成的诗集。

(指文物)《裕州水发，村民舁舆以济，感而作歌》1820_年，林则徐去云南，途经江苏裕州，爆发洪水，村民们站在没肩的洪水中，排成人墙，把林则徐送到对岸，安全地脱离险境。他深为感动，写下了这首扣人心弦的诗。

(指文物)《驿马行》、《病马行》：这两首诗也是他在去云南途中写下的。描写的是被养马的人克扣马草经费，使得马儿骨瘦如柴，饥肠辘轳，还要继续工作的情景。在诗中借着驿马和病马，表现了关心民间疾苦、憎恨贪官污吏的思想内容，这两首诗都收集在《使滇小草》中。

(指文物)《二次祷雨祝文》： 1835年的夏天，林则徐任江苏巡抚时，江苏大旱，他写了《二次祷雨祝文》，希望能够风调雨顺。

(指图)1832年，林则徐在任江苏巡抚时，江苏连年遭灾，林则徐认为只有发展农业，提高粮食产量，才能解决缺粮问题，于是想到种双季稻。林则徐为了成功种植双季稻，他全方面地了解当地的地理、气候等特征，还查阅了大量的书籍，走访了有种植经验的农民(指图)，之后他在巡抚衙门的后院亲自栽种，大获成功。

林则徐对农具的改革也非常重视，仿西方制造了节省人力、提高效率的龙尾水车，不仅有利于田园灌溉，还可用于抗涝排水，之后大力推广使用，发展农业。

在三年里，林则徐对当地的农业，也作出了卓越的贡献。以61岁的高龄开垦囤田三万七千余顷，行程两万余里，这幅就是林则徐开垦南疆的示意图(指图)。与此同时，林则徐在还积极传播纺纱技术。当时盛产棉花，林则徐就推行使用了纺车，大力推动了的棉纺织业。现在的北疆树林，就是林则徐当年从家乡福州引进的树苗长成的，人们为了纪念林则徐，便把纺车称为“林公车”，把绿林成阴称为“林公林”(指图)。

(指文物)现在我们看到的《衙斋杂录》就是林则徐遣戍伊犁时期摘抄的公文和档案。

(指文物)这本《荷戈纪程》记录了林则徐赴戍伊犁时，从西安到达伊犁的经过和险恶行程中的所见所闻。

林则徐不但对百姓疾苦时刻关注，对后生人才的培养与选拔也是十分重视的。1820_年——1820_年间，林则徐两次出任江西、云南乡试考官。在他的主持下，杜绝舞弊，精心阅卷，一丝不苟，严格选拔。他所录取的人，多是清贫而优秀的人才，因此被誉为“清榜”。这就是百年前南方一次闱场的旧影(指图)。

(指图)这幅是江南乡试闱场，林则徐三次担任江南主考官，对科场的弊端进行了整顿，提高了效率，使江南考场秩序焕然一新，这又是林则徐经世致用的一项实践。

(指图)1820_年初，林则徐任江苏按察使，为了平反冤案，他杜绝办案人员从中索取贿赂，要求官吏要亲自调查办案。他这种雷厉风行的作风，赢得了“林青天”的美誉。林则徐在考察下属官员方面，也实行了自己的一套办法，首先是自己亲自考察下属，然后亲自写评语。他这种做法在当时官场中非常罕见。

(指图)林则徐知人善任，珍惜人才。他注意调查研究，设立“人才档案”。这幅《滇轺纪程》不仅记载了林则徐去云南途中的所见所闻，还记载了他推荐真才实学的人。这就是林则徐在江苏主持考试的时候，发现了年轻有为的冯桂芬，立即将他召入抚署，像从前福建巡抚张师诚培养自己那样，让冯桂芬参议各项要政，这对冯桂芬产生了重大而深远的影响。

林则徐虎门销烟的壮举早已经家喻户晓，但他扬州治税的伟业却鲜为人知。林则徐在扬州和泰州提出了治理逃税的主张，使扬州关税有了很大的增长。在治税成功后，他还在滕坝等处树立了《永禁滕鲍各坝越漏南北货税告示碑》和税碑亭(指图)。

林则徐是第一个倡导自铸银币的人。这就是林则徐会同两江总督就江西、江南两省银昂钱贱、商民交困的复奏，集中反映了他的货币改革思想。

(指图)他从开辟银元的观点出发，主张大力开采银矿，鼓励商民开矿冶炼，采取“官督商办”的经营管理模式，在中国近代化历程中具有不可忽视的作用。

(指图)林则徐改革漕政制度，对恢复江南的农村经济，增加清朝财政收入，不失为有效的措施。这个《畿辅水利议》就是研究北京一带水利建设的专门性著作。这本书论证了北方土质可种水稻，以解决南粮北调的老大难问题，彻底根除运粮过程中的种.种弊端。林则徐几乎花费了半生的精力，完成了这部宝贵的著作。这一切都显示了林则徐改革开拓的锐气和这位杰出政治家经世致用的才识。

(指图)林则徐不但重视民生，还极力维护民族团结。林则徐在的三年时间中，与少数民族平等相待，尊重少数民族的风俗习惯、宗教信仰、文化艺术，并要求清政府给少数民族以耕地，发展生产，改善生活。

(指传牌)林则徐得到群众的拥戴，是与他廉洁自律、克己奉公分不开的，这个《奉旨前往广东查办海口事件传牌稿》是在1838年写的，林则徐奉旨为钦差大臣，前往广东查办海口事件。钦差大臣是代表皇帝完成特殊使命的要员，按封建社会的常规，其礼仪、排场仅次于皇帝出巡;但林则徐却发出传牌：我林则徐新官上任，途中一切费用自理，不准借机从中得利。这道传牌，体现了林则徐不同于贪官污吏的正派作风和严肃态度。

青城山自古素有“青城天下幽”的美誉，分前山和后山两部分，前山是青城山风景名胜区的主体，道教文化、文物古迹多集中这里，这里也是一般游客口中的“青城山”;后山以自然风光取胜，是度假休闲的好去处。

游玩青城山，一般来说半天足矣，无需住宿。山间随处有售卖饮食的店铺。如果时间充裕，建议住宿一夜，便于第二天早起看日出，山间天师洞和上清宫皆有道观提供食宿。

青城山山门外的建福宫建于唐代，最大的看点是宫内悬挂的一副394字的长对联。沿着山门进入后，经滴翠亭、天然阁，到怡乐窝就分成两条线路：一条是左边的步道，可步行上山;右边则是去往月城湖，乘坐渡船到对岸乘坐索道，可直达上清宫，与步道汇合。建议步行上山，然后乘坐索道下山，可体会游山的乐趣。

沿着步道步行上山，经引胜亭、山荫亭等处，抵达天师洞。天师洞分三清殿、三皇殿和黄帝祠三重大殿。三清殿前悬挂的“丹台碧洞”匾额是清朝康熙皇帝亲笔手书。黄帝祠左侧有一洞窟，据说是当年张道陵修炼之处。

天师洞上行至访宁桥，路又分为两支，左边通往祖师殿，右边去往朝阳洞。祖师殿供奉真武大帝和张三丰，但游玩结束要原路返回访宁桥，你也可以掠过祖师殿，直接去往朝阳洞。朝阳洞是一个天然洞窟，据说当年蒋介石曾在此避难。继续上行就到达上清宫了。

上清宫是青城山里位置最高的道观，宫内有老君殿、三清殿、文武殿和道德经堂，香火旺盛，大多数游人至此都会烧香祈福。宫门口有观日亭，适合观赏日出。

出上清宫继续前行，可以到达青城第一峰(彭祖峰)顶，山顶建有老君阁，阁中供奉的老君造像是以当年徐悲鸿遗作《紫气东来》为原型而绘制。游玩结束，原路下山，从上清宫前行不远即达索道上站。

长江，我国的第一大河，全长6300余公里。它流经四川盆地东缘时冲开崇山峻岭，夺路奔流形成了壮丽雄奇、举世无双的大峡谷——长江三峡。

长江三峡，中国10大风景名胜之一，中国40佳旅游景观之首。长江三峡西起重庆奉节的白帝城，东到湖北宜昌的南津关，是瞿塘峡、巫峡和西陵峡三段峡谷的总称，是长江上最为奇秀壮丽的山水画廊，全长192公里，也就是常说的“大三峡”。除此之外还有大宁河的“小三峡”和马渡河的“小小三峡”。这里两岸高峰夹峙，港面狭窄曲折，港中滩礁棋布，水流汹涌湍急。“万山磅礴水泱漭，山环水抱争萦纡。时则岸山壁立如着斧，相间似欲两相扶。时则危崖屹立水中堵，港流阻塞路疑无。”郭沫若同志在《蜀道奇》一诗中，把峡区风光的雄奇秀逸，描绘得淋漓尽致。我国古代有一部名叫《水经注》的地理名著，是北魏时郦道元写的，书中有一段关于三峡的生动叙述：“自三峡七百里中，两岸连山，略元阙处。重岩叠嶂，隐天蔽日，自非停午夜分，不见曦月……”。

三峡地跨两省。两岸崇山峻岭，悬崖绝壁，风光奇绝，两岸陡峭连绵的山峰，一般高出江面700-800米左右。江面最狭处有100米左右;随着规模巨大的三峡工程的兴建，这里更成了世界知名的旅游热线。

三峡旅游区优美景区众多，其中最著名的丰都鬼城，忠县石宝寨，云阳张飞庙，瞿塘峡，巫峡，西陵峡，宏伟的三峡工程，大宁河小三峡等。

游三峡有三条路线可选：1、从重庆顺江而下快节奏地观赏三峡的奇特风光;2、从上海、南京、武汉逆流而上游览长江沿途美景;3、从三峡的东口宜昌出发饱览神奇美丽的长江三峡风光。

主峰景区是天柱山精华游览区，总面积8.20平方公里，以奇松怪石、古松茂林为主要特色。这一景区集中有独特多样的花岗岩峰林与峰丛相间地貌。奇峰雄险，怪石嵯峨，峡谷幽深，洞玄府秘，移步换景，处处端秀神迷，贵在自然。另外，主峰景区还可观赏到变幻神奇的时景。因季节与天气而异，可以观赏到佛光、紫气、日出、日落、云海、晚霞、雾淞、雪霁等游人平常难得一见的大千景象。

索道概况

天柱山风景区内现有两条索道，分别天柱山索道和大龙窝索道，往返上下，十分便捷。

天柱山索道

俗称“一索”，由天柱山风景区名胜区管委会和香港华山贸易公司合资兴建，于1995年10月正式对外运营，全长726米，高差304米，每小时可载客350人，到上站约需9分钟。上下左右看到激水瀑布、老鹰敛翅、金蟾观月、古猿望江等景点。

丹砂峰，海拔940米，旧志称“世传有丹砂，人不能取，中夜或见红光，远近皆视。”旧志丹砂之说实属道教色彩。峰顶覆有略呈红色的砂砾，是天然本色所致。

青龙湖

位于青龙涧东，激水瀑上游。原名蛇形坦，系拦截青龙涧、飞来涧的汇水形成的人工湖。面积约20xx平方米，湖面形如一只青色蝌蚪，湖上有青龙、丹砂两座石拱桥，湖西有观云楼，湖东是丹砂亭，湖周松苍花繁，亭台云峰倒映湖中，风光清奇瑰丽。

天柱山庄

天柱山庄由原来的天柱山庄和卧云山庄合并而成，是天柱山主景区内的一家达到星级服务标准的现代化多功能宾馆，拥有标准客房180间，其中观云楼为三星级标房，晴雪居为二星级标房、四合院为普通标房，大小餐厅10间，可同时接待400人住宿、800人就餐。山庄地理位置优越，地处东西关景区交汇的黄金地段，串连天柱山索道与青龙涧索道，紧傍风景秀丽的青龙湖，水清清，湖碧碧，山秀秀，风徐徐，是休闲观光、商务娱乐的理想之所。

大龙窝索道

引进奥地利进口设备的天柱山大龙窝索道工程建设总投资1.1亿元，经过一年多紧张建设于20xx年4月26日正式投入运营。大龙窝索道最大运载量为20xx人/小时，乘坐大龙窝索道的5分钟过程更是一段俯瞰天柱山万顷山川青翠欲滴的原生态植被的审美享受。

国家首批“信得过”景区——国家aaaa级旅游景区——北海老城是北海城市的发源地，总面积0.4平方公里。始建于1820_年，全长1.27公里，宽9米，被国内外专家学者誉为“近代建筑年鉴”。

这条街最大的特点是“建筑风格中西合璧，文化生活中西融合”。主要景点有东安马头、_礼拜堂、三皇庙、丸一药房、街渡口、治安告示碑、摇水井、永济隆、双水井、单水井、北海海关大楼旧址、大清邮政北海分局、宜仙楼、电报局旧址、房产界碑等，特别是北海老城历史文化馆、北海坭兴陶馆、北海明清木雕馆、北海水彩画馆等展馆浓缩了北海老城历史文化的精华，展示了独具魅力的老城文化底蕴。

北海老城国家4a级景区旗下北海老城历史文化馆位于珠海中路102号，该馆在梳理北海老城的历史脉络中，重现老城昔日繁华景象，展示老城独具特色的历史遗存，深度挖掘老城的精神文化内涵，展示出一种缘海而生、伴海而兴、中西合璧的滨海古城历史文化底蕴。通过高科技多媒体、场景复原、实物等的穿插展示，以时间为横坐标，历史事件为纵坐标，以事带物，以物带人，将整个老城的发展历程完整的铺陈开来。

北海老城国家4a级景区旗下北海水彩画馆位于珠海东路181号，该馆由老街保存最为完好的岭南骑楼建筑风格的民居改建而成，重点介绍代表北海画派的十一名画家：蔡道东、张国权、张国楠、刘少华、张虹、包建群、吴明珠、吴志刚、黄小其、张济良、张斌等的个人精品展。

北海老城国家4a级景区旗下北海坭兴陶馆位于珠海中路20号，主要展示许维基先生所收藏的清代至民国时期的坭兴陶藏品，辅以13位坭兴陶大师的个人精品展，可堪称“全国独一无二”。

北海老城国家4a级景区旗下北海明清木雕馆位于珠海中路10号，馆内展品来自澳大利亚籍华人收藏家巫海先生藏品，主要陈列明清时期北部湾地区古民居中的建筑木雕及民用家具，这些展品主要采用了浮雕、透雕、圆雕等雕刻手法，展品雕工精湛，形象生动，是北部湾地区收藏古建筑木雕中数量最多、品种最齐全的展馆之一。