旅游导游词英语汇总20篇

Located in the southeast of Zhapo Town, Hailing Island, Yangjiang ZhapoDajiao Bay is surrounded by peaks on three sides and faces the vast South ChinaSea. The beach is 2.5km long and 100m wide. It looks like an ox horn, so it iscalled "Dajiao bay". It is the most famous scenic spot in Hailing Island.

As the saying goes, the mountain is not beautiful without water, the peakis not beautiful without clouds, the wind and waves in the Bay are soft, and thepeak is sometimes surrounded by clouds. Dajiao Bay is sunny, the beach is evenand soft, the sea is clear and pure, the air is fresh and oxygen rich, which isa good place for tourism and vacation.

After development and construction, dajiaowan scenic area has graduallyformed into three major areas: the east of the scenic area has become a sportsarea, and has become a training base for the national beach volleyball team. Ithas hosted International Beach Volleyball invitational tournament, Asian BeachVolleyball Championship, national 9th National Games beach volleyballtournament, National flipping board championship, national windsurfingchampionship and other events; To the west of the scenic spot is a leisure area,with beach garden bar and plant garden view. Tourists can listen to the waves,taste tea and fish here to enjoy the natural elegance;

In the middle of the scenic spot is the public bathhouse, with surfing, seasurfing, motorboats, power umbrellas, flying gliding, beach vehicles, ancientgun shooting range, field battlefield, sea paradise and folk show.

Dajiaowan scenic spot has developed into a southern seaside resortintegrating tourism, sightseeing, leisure, culture and sports. Dajiao Bay islocated in the southeast of Zhapo Town, Hailing Island, Yangjiang City,Guangdong Province, with its back against the green mountains and greenmountains. It is famous for its sunshine, sand beach, waves and seafood. It isthe most famous tourist attraction in Hailing Island and even Yangjiang area.The scenic spot is called "sister bay" together with Yangxi Shaba Moon Bay.

In recent years, with the opening of dalinggeng tunnel, vehicles can drivestraight along the ring road. When I saw the shining conch sculpture in the sun,I arrived at dajiaowan. The beautiful beach of dajiaowan is 2.45 kilometers longand 100 meters wide. The spiral shaped beach looks like a huge ox horn, so it iscalled dajiaowan.

Dajiao Bay is surrounded by peaks on three sides, facing the vast SouthChina Sea. On both sides of the Bay, Dajiao mountain and wangliao ridge arearched. The wind and waves in the Bay are soft, and the peak is sometimessurrounded by clouds and fog. The so-called mountain is not beautiful withoutwater, the peak is not beautiful without clouds, and the landscape level isrich.

青州是古九州之一，有7000余年的发展史，5000余年的文明史，十二年的国都辉煌，先后存在过广县城、广固城、南阳城、东阳城、东关圩子城、旗城等六座古城池。20xx年11月18日，青州被国务院评为“国家历史文化名城”。

青州是一座历史文化名城，人文资源积淀深厚，地域文化特色鲜明。根据出土文物考察，早在七千多年前，已有人类在此繁衍生息，是“东夷文化”的发源地。境内北辛文化、龙山文化、大汶口文化等遗址有270多处。大禹治水划九州，青州为九州之一。被公认为科学价值很高的我国最古老的地理著作《尚书.禹贡》中记载的古九州--冀、兖、青、徐、扬、荆、豫、梁、雍诸州中就有青州，称青州“东北据海(渤海)，西南距岱(泰山)”，“海岱惟青州”。据《周礼》记载：“正东曰青州”。并注释说：“盖因土居少阳，其色为青，故曰青州”。《吕氏春秋》称青州为“东方之州”。在华夏五千年的历史长河中，青州迭为名城重镇，在全国有着重要的影响，作为山东境内的政治、经济、军事、文化中心，长达一千四百多年之久。西汉元封五年，设青州刺史部，是全国13刺史部之一，治所广县城(今城西1华里处)，辖5郡4国100多县。魏晋南北朝仍置青州刺史部，辖9郡47县，期间公元399年-420xx年作为南燕国国都，慕容德成为山东境内的唯一一个皇帝。隋置青州总管府，辖4郡36县。唐仍先后置青州总管府、都督府，辖8州49县，中唐及五代设平卢淄青节镇，辖15州。北宋初设京东路，辖26府、州、军、89县，熙宁七年设京东东路，辖1府7州36县。金设山东东路，辖2府11州53县83镇。元初设益都行省，后设山东东西道宣慰司，辖3路12州44县。明初设山东行中书省，辖6府15州89县，洪武九年(公元1376年)移治历城。此后，明中后期及清代一直作为青州府治所。青州古城池也随着历史的变革不断变迁，汉设广县城，现瀑水涧以西。公元320xx年(晋永嘉五年)建广固城，经六次大攻坚战，至420xx年夷为平地。东晋灭南燕后，另筑东阳城(西至现海军402医院，南至南阳河，东至城关医院，北至尧王山路)。北魏孝明帝筑南阳城，城高3丈5尺，濠3丈5尺，周13里，其规模比济南高3尺长1里。 [3]

青州地处交通要冲，地理位置优越。“右有山河之固，左有负海之饶”，东扼半岛，南控沂蒙，北望渤海，为历代军事重镇。南北朝及唐初政治官员兼顾军事，唐五代时期青州是平卢节度使治所。宋金在此设镇海军，北宋在此设京东东路安抚使，金代设山东东西路统军使，元设益都帅府、元帅府，明设山东都卫、都指挥使司，清设山东提督、分巡道、海防道，建八旗驻防城。1948年3月-1949年4月，华东局驻青州。由于青州具有显要的地位，历史上在青州分封的王侯较多。汉代封召欧为广侯传五世，封刘便为广侯传三世，元封迈努为忠靖王、益王，明封齐王、汉王、衡王。 [3]

青州因其在政治、经济、文化等方面的背景，作为齐鲁境内的佛教中心，有1700多年的历史，是佛教传入汉地最早的地区之一。这里拥有净土宗、禅宗、密宗等多种佛教宗派，并留下了大量的珍贵遗迹。尤其是许多佛教遗存的发现和修复，以及大量佛学研究论文和专著的相继问世，为青州的佛教文化营构了较高层面的内涵。

青州古城文化旅游的范围约计10平方公里，大致包括三部分：古东阳城的北关古街区、宋城;古南阳城区域内的南阳河观光带、偶园历史文化街区、南门街区以及东关圩子城的昭德古街区。

朋友们，前面就是石林景区了。提起石林有人可能会想到云南的石林，想到美丽的阿诗玛。老君山的石林与云南的石林相比有很大的不同，从地质角度讲，云南石林属于典型的石灰岩岩溶地貌，老君山的石林属于海底火山岩及火山沉积岩系。其地质术语为：“花岗岩峰林”。说到花岗岩，人们就会想到光秃秃、滑溜溜的特征。这是由于花岗岩的风化形态是球形风化，因此，其形体特征是鹅卵状，表面特征是光滑，难存植被。然而，老君山石林却不具备花岗岩的这些特征，而是刀劈斧削，犬牙交错，披绿挂红，植被茂盛。看上去更加雄伟壮观，多姿多彩。这是由于老君山花岗岩体与其它花岗岩的不同造成的。老君山的岩体是由“斑状黑云母二长花岗岩”组成。它是在距今1.4——0.8亿年间秦岭造山带抬升造山过程中形成的相对年轻的花岗岩体，被国内地质专家命名为“老君山岩体”。老君山岩体就位后，经长期的构造剥蚀作用，造就了当今奇峰异谷，挺拔秀丽的地貌景观。因此，世界地质公园评审专家赵逊先生称：老君山南坡石林是“迄今为止世界范围内发现的规模最大的花岗岩峰林奇观。”

这次由于时间和天气原因，老君山的一些胜景和奇观大家没有观赏到，不过，1775年乾隆登上嵩山时说：“好景一时观不尽，天生有缘再来游”，希望大家以后有机会再来领略老君山青山绿水的灵韵。预祝大家归途一路顺风。

大家就要分别了，在这分别之际，我想引用徐志摩的《再别康桥》来表达我此时此刻的心情：悄悄的我走了，正如我悄悄的来;我挥一挥衣袖，不带走一片云彩。不知道这首诗能不能表达您此刻的心情?康桥之美远在大洋的彼岸，这君山之美，却近在咫尺，愿不久的一天，您再故地重游。预祝大家返程一路顺风。

Welcome to Xinxian, the old revolutionary base area. Geographically, theold revolutionary base area is generally located in remote areas, withinconvenient transportation, poor natural conditions and peoples livingdifficulties. The county is no exception. After liberation, especially after thereform and opening up, what changes have taken place in the old revolutionarybase areas? Today, Id like to introduce to you the contributions made by thenew counties in the old revolutionary base areas to the Chinese revolution andthe great changes since the reform and opening up.

Xinxian is located in the southernmost part of Henan Province, thehinterland of Dabie Mountains and the junction of Hubei, Henan and Anhuiprovinces. The total population is 330000. From the east to the west ofhengdouxin County in the Dabie Mountains, the Beijing Kowloon railway runsthrough the north and south, and the national highways 106 and 312 pass through.It is 160 kilometers away from Wuhan in the south, Zhengzhou in the north, Hefeiin the East and Xinyang in the south. It is known as the "thoroughfare of thethree provinces" and the "south gate of the Central Plains". Xinxian is the landof red, the cradle of generals. She was the source of "jute uprising", the firstbase of Dabie Mountain area, and the center and capital of Hubei Henan AnhuiSoviet area. The Fourth Front Army of the Red Army, the 25th army of the RedArmy, the fourth detachment of the New Fourth Army and the Central Plains fieldarmy were born here. Lenin, the first plane of the Red Army, flew into the bluesky from here. In the small county with less than 100000 people in those years,55000 people gave their precious lives to the revolution. Deng Xiaoping, DongBiwu, Xu Qianqian, Liu Bocheng, Li Xiannian and other party and state leadershave worked and fought here. New county has 43 generals, known as "generalscounty" known throughout the country. The people of Xinxian county made greatcontributions to the victory of the Chinese revolution.

Dear friends, although Xinxian is located in a remote area, it is rich inproducts. It is known as "gold grows on the mountain, silver is buriedunderground", and has strong advantages of sustainable development. The ruralpillar industry of Xinxian county has formed a scale. The fine forestry,ecological forestry, high-efficiency forest and fruit industry have reached 1.5million mu, and the forest coverage rate has reached 58.2%. Xinxian county is anational key forestry county and ecological demonstration county. It is a famoustown of Ginkgo biloba and Gastrodia elata in China. The output and quality ofchestnut, Camellia oleifera, wild kiwi and tea all rank first in Henan Province.The reserves of rutile, mica, ferrotitanium, granite, quartzite and porcelainclay are very rich and have high mining value. At present, more than 40 kinds ofmineral deposits have been proved. Xinxians annual export of foreign laborservices amounts to tens of millions of US dollars, ranking first in theprovinces export of foreign military affairs.

Xinxian is the transitional zone of North-South climate, and theintersection of the three major plant areas of East China, central China andNorth China. There are many kinds of suitable animals. At present, there aremore than 190 species of various plants and 530 species of wild animals, whichare the treasure house of traditional Chinese Medicine.

During the Ninth Five Year Plan period, more than 900 kilometers of roadswere newly built in Xinxian County, raising 2.3 billion yuan, excavating 12.04million cubic meters of earth and stone, and adding 140.7 kilometers of asphaltroads, which fundamentally changed the backward traffic situation of Xinxiancounty. The road is smooth, the mountain gate is wide open, and the farmersideas have a fundamental change. The forest and fruit industry alone has anannual per capita income of 800 yuan, and the mountain village has finallyopened up a road to prosperity.

Electric power, telecommunication, radio and television also developedrapidly. In 1998, every village in the county was electrified. In the past twoyears, there has been no television. In the past two years, the TV user rate hasreached 80%. The whole county has also realized the program-controlled telephonein every village, forming a modern digital communication network of urban andrural integration.

The social undertakings of Xinxian county have developed in an all-roundway, and the construction of spiritual civilization has achieved fruitfulresults. It has won the title of "advanced county of civilization construction"for four consecutive years.

When it comes to tourism, there are many special tourism resources inXinxian. She has revolutionary monuments such as the branch of the CPC CentralCommittee in Hubei, Henan and Anhui, the Hubei, Henan and Anhui military region,the tomb of General Xu Shiyou, the capital museum, the martyrs cemetery, andother national forest parks such as Tiantai Mountain, Liankang mountain, Jinlanmountain, Baiyun Mountain, Xianglu mountain, huangmaojian, Xizhai, etc. Withbeautiful scenery, birds singing and flowers fragrance, it attracts thousands oftourists from home and abroad.

婺源是江西省著名的生态旅游区，也是国家旅游局批准建立的全国文化与生态旅游的示范区。婺源有些什么特产呢?她的四色特产是闻名遐迩的。刚刚提到的绿茶便是四色中的“绿”色了，其余三色就是“红、黑、白”。红色是“水中瑰宝”荷包红鲤鱼，肉嫩鲜美，美国的总统尼克松、日本首相田中访问我国时，都曾品尝过婺源荷包红鲤鱼。黑色便是中国四大明砚之一的龙尾砚，它有”声如铜、色为铁、性坚滑、善凝墨”的特点。南唐后主李煜夸为“天下冠”。白色就是江湾雪梨。每年六月成熟，梨果体大肉厚，松脆香第甜，味道好极了。

婺源的风景名胜特别多，古迹遗址随处可见。早在唐宋时期，这里就是一个颇有名气的游览胜地，李白、苏东坡、黄庭坚、张大直、宗泽、岳飞等都曾游吟到此，并留下了不少的赞美诗文。这里有年代久、种类广、数量多的名木古树;有景色优美候鸟迁徙的乐园――鸳鸯湖;有以石雕、砖雕、木雕“三绝”见长而且保存完好的明清古建筑群;有古朴壮观的廊桥——彩虹桥;有江南最大的宗祠――俞氏宗祠。

大家在获得山水陶冶的同时，还能获得历史文物方面的知识。

历史学家说：从这里可以找到中国古代与现代历史文化的衔接点;

哲学家说：这里是研究古徽州历史、文化、经济、艺术乃至封建宗法制度的理想去处;

艺术家说：这是获取创造灵感的源泉地。

朋友们，婺源的概况我就介绍到这里，到了具体的景点我再给大家详细讲解。愿大家的婺源之行，快乐多多，收获多多。谢谢!

Rime island is a small island on the Songhua River, located in Wula StreetManchu Town, Longtan District, Jilin City, Jilin Province. Hantun, zengtongtunand other villages in Wula Street Manchu town are the most concentrated placesof rime, and also the best places to watch and photograph rime. Especially inzengtong village, there is a saying that "enjoy rime, to zengtong". The bestviewing season of rime island is from late December to the end of February ofthe next year, and the best shooting time is between 10:00-11:30.

Jilin city is famous for its rime. However, most people know about the tenmile long dike in the urban area. Few people know that there is a rime island inthe lower reaches of the Songhua River, 35 kilometers away from Jilin City. Rimeisland is named for its many and beautiful rime. The trees on both sides of theSonghua River are luxuriant and the branches are numerous. In winter, the watermist rising from the unfrozen river water condenses into frost flowers on thetrees when encountering the cold air. It is called "Wusong" by meteorology and"shugua" by local people. Wusong in Jilin Province, together with Guilinmountains and waters, Shilin in in Yunnan Province and the Three Gorges of theYangtze River, is known as Chinas four natural wonders. Since 1991, Jilin Cityhas held a "Wusong ice and Snow Festival" every year.

Since 1991, Jilin City has held a "Wusong ice and Snow Festival" everyyear. Jilin City has long been famous for its rime. However, most people knowabout the ten mile long dike in the urban area. Few people know that there is arime island in the lower reaches of the Songhua River, 35 kilometers away fromJilin City. Rime island is named for its many and beautiful rime. Zengtongtun onthe island is the best place to enjoy Wusong. There was a saying that "toappreciate Wusong, to zengtong". The trees here are peculiar in shape. Theweeping willows along the river are covered with white and crystal frostflowers. The river breeze blows and the silver wire flickers. The scenery isboth wild and beautiful. Rime, commonly known as shugua, is one of the fourwonders in China. There is a saying that "at night to see the fog, morning tosee the hanging, until near noon to enjoy the falling flowers", which is theprocess of rime from nothing to have, from there to nothing. The most famousscenic spots of rime are Jilin, Lushan and Huangshan, among which "Jilin rime isa wonder in the world".

The rime of Jilin is unique in the world. Together with Guilin landscape,Yunnan Stone Forest and Yangtze River Gorge, Jilin rime is known as Chinas fournatural wonders. Rime is not snow or ice, but frost on the branches. Along thebanks of the Songhua River, the pines and willows are covered with frost andsnow, and the jade is covered with silver. To see rime in Jilin, the best placeis rime island in the lower reaches of Songhua River. Most of the people whocome here are photography enthusiasts, but now, more and more tourists knowit.

---开场白

有人说，爱上一座城，是因为这座城内居住着某一个人，其实不然，而是因为城内有一道亮丽的风景线。

翻开历史的书卷，三千年建城史有迹可查。在浩瀚的长河中，朝代更迭，历史波澜起伏。隋开皇年间，一个响亮的名字终于问世---韩城!

中国西北、关中东北部，一颗璀璨的明珠熠熠生辉的屹立在渭北平原上。“七山一水两分田”的地貌造就了它的沃野千里，物产丰富。凭借良好的水土气候，得名“中国大红袍花椒”之乡。更是凭借盆地似的地形，高产煤炭，得名“渭北黑腰带”，因此，形成了以龙门工业园区为主的经济龙头。

探索古老文化，领略风土人情。韩城自古风水宝地，人杰地灵，文物荟萃，物华天宝。经过时代的回缩沉淀，韩城形成了“一城文化,满城历史,一座城市,满城景区”的格局。追溯上古，夏商雍州，大禹“导河积石，至于龙门”。顺民意，利民心。黄河咽喉，鬼斧神工般惊现韩城。人类最早之工程，开启一代之先河。仰韶文化，龙山文化，千年遗址，十余处散布城乡内外。回望西周年间，韩城受封梁伯国和韩侯国都城，至此，忠实地记录着一个民族的兴衰演变。

在韩城，司马迁祠建筑宏伟，颇有虎踞高山之势，当属众景之冠。史圣之千古，司马之遗风。功业追尼父，千秋太史公。究天人之际，通古今之变，成一家之言。从皇帝至汉武帝后期，五十二万六千五百字字字珠玑，中华上下三千年史迹尽收笔下。在司马迁祠不远处，三义墓见证着两千多年前赵氏孤儿程婴的忠肝义胆，和司马迁一样永垂不朽。

在上个世纪，韩城与丽江、平遥古城齐名，如今，这座养在深闺中的古城正在揭开面纱。五街七十二巷分布着风格迥异的古建筑770余栋，其中最核心的当数全国县市之最的博物馆。文庙，东营庙，城隍庙。三庙贯通，南北一线。功能迥异，建筑久远。上至唐宋，下至明清。尊儒尚学，蔚然成风，由来久已。辈辈出人才，终获得“科举之乡”，“解状盛区”、“士风醇茂”之美誉。

对于想要探秘的朋友来说，被评为2019年“中国十大考古发现”的梁代村绝对不能错过，沉睡三千年的两周芮国地下王陵的横空出世，赛过殷墟，继于兵马。规模之大，数量之多，等级之高，保存之完好，真实的展现了古芮国的鼎盛繁荣。如此的神秘，不只是墓葬群，在千百年来民族大融合中，历史给我们送来了大批元代建筑，尤以普照寺和大禹庙为最，无愧于陕西文物大省之榜首。借以良好的地理环境、辛勤经商的百姓以及文史之乡的人才辈出，人类居住的活化石党家村更是称绝，它的古朴典雅把我们带到670年前的明清昌盛，让我们一览民居瑰宝的风采，体验一次韩城黄河岸边中国民间艺术之乡和锣鼓之乡的魅力。

韩城，拥有的不仅仅是浓厚的人文风情，西部原始生态森林给这座古城披上了天然的绿色屏障。薛峰水库，猴山盛景，香山红叶，大岭风光，象山奇石，玉山神韵，各有特色，美不胜收。珍禽百种，国内罕见，真乃“韩城后花园”。

在之际，我们将人文与自然相结合，大手笔、高姿态的为40万韩城人民谋利。高举“五型城市”建设旗帜，借省内计划单列市、陕文投振兴韩城旅游文化产业、黄河金三角、关中—天水经济带、丝绸之路经济带以及陕西东大门建设等机遇，把工业与旅游业摆在同等重要地位，向陕西五强、全国百强经济县市进军叫板，相信在市委市政府和韩城旅游局的带领下，不久的将来，韩城会在国内鹤立鸡群，成为全球喜爱的世界级旅游目的地!

张家口市地处京晋冀蒙交界处，距北京约180公里，这里地势险要，有“塞外山城”之称。张家口市辖4区、13县,总面积3.7万平方公里,人口450万。京包、丰沙、大秦铁路横穿东西,京张、宣大高速公路和109、110、112、207国道穿市而过,北京西直门汽车站从早6时开始,每半小时就有一趟至张家口的快速客运班车发出,交通旅行十分方便。

张家口市的古遗址数量很多，分布面广。古长城的“大镜门”是长城要隘，也是张家口市的象征。涿鹿县矾山是“黄帝战蚩尢”的古战场，是中华民族的发祥地之一，每年都有众多的炎黄子孙来这里寻根祭祖。此外，还有蔚县代王城汉墓群、怀安县汉墓群、宣化辽壁画墓以及市区的水母宫、云泉寺、清远楼等，都是颇值得一观的古迹。位于张北中都的中都草原是距北京较近的自然草原，夏季气候凉爽，草场繁茂，来此还可以体验蒙古族风情，是消暑休闲的胜地。

张家口历史悠久,文物古迹荟萃。阳原县有世界著名的泥河湾遗址,是人类最早踏足地之一,是全国乃至全世界研究200万年到300万年前古地层、古生物、古人类、古地理的重要基地。涿鹿县黄帝城作为中华始祖文化遗址,是中华民族的发祥地之一。下花园区鸡鸣山体现了佛、道、儒家的文化。鸡鸣驿作为进京的第一大驿站,元、明、清各朝代的机密要闻都从这里中转。张北元代中都遗址,曾是北连漠北草原、南接中原大地的交通枢纽和军事重地。宣化清远楼(钟楼)素有"第二黄鹤楼"之称,券洞内500多年前的车辙是宣化府古城的历史见证。大境门目睹着明代茶马互市在"旱码头"的兴衰。1920xx年,詹天佑主持设计修建的我国第一条铁路"京张铁路"的通车,更使海内外商贾云集"皮都",张家口的"口皮"、"口羔"、"口蘑"名扬天下,成为华北著名商埠。1945年八路军收复了张家口,这是从日军手中夺取的第一个大城市,成为晋察冀边区政治、军事、经济和文化中心,并因此而享有"第二延安"、"文化城"、"东方模范城市"等美誉。1948年，张家口第二次解放后,成为察哈尔省的省会城市。

张家口三面环山，北依长城，历史上是兵家必争之地。中华人民共和国建立五十多年来，张家口已逐步建设成为以机械、冶金、化工和纺工业为支柱，以毛、皮革工业为特色的工业城市。张家口市矿产资源丰富，并有四通八达的交通、通讯网络。这里环境优美，市容整洁的民风淳朴，夏季气候凉爽，风景宜人。市区内分布有明长城，大境门，云泉寺，水母宫，清远楼，镇朔楼等30多处名胜古迹。张家口更是革命老区，有众多的革命历史遗址可供瞻仰、观光。

古今历史的延续和发展提供了丰富的人文景观。在全市三万六千八百平方公里的土地上，辽阔无垠，绿波荡漾，野花盛开的坝上天然草原，与湖光山影，水天一色的“塞外江南”南北呼应;巍峨隽秀，翠幛密蔽，层林尽染的原始林区，与泉水淙淙，风光秀丽的温泉依依相存。既有早更新世古人类遗址，又有华夏人文始祖创业的古战场。风格独特，景观各异，有天然质朴之风光，是旅游避暑之佳所。

清远楼

清远楼位于古城宣化正中，又名钟楼，始建于明成化十八年(公元1482年)，是一座重搪多角十字脊歇山顶的高大建筑。楼建在高8米的十字券洞上，南与昌平、北与广灵、东与安定、西与大新四门通衡。与城内镇朔楼、拱极楼成一轴线。券洞内520xx年前的铁轮车辙明显可见。楼外观3层，内实2层，通高25米，楼阁高17米，为3开间，6塔椽，前后明间出抱厦，四周有游廊，支立24根粗大廊柱。上搪为绿色琉璃瓦顶，腰搪、下搪为布瓦顶。梁架斗拱精巧秀丽，循角飞翘，生气盎然。楼上层搪下，悬挂愿额4块，南曰“清远楼”，北曰“声通天颖”，东曰“耸峙严疆”，西曰“震靖边氛”。楼内悬有明嘉靖十八年(公元1539年)铸造的“宣府镇城钟”一口，高2.5米，口径1.7米，重约万斤，用四根通天柱架于楼体上层中央。钟声悠扬宏亮，可传40余里，颇负盛名。该楼造型别致，结构精巧严谨。可与武汉黄鹤楼媚美，在国内同属罕见，索有“第二黄鹤楼”之称。该楼建筑独具一格，为我国古代精美艺术建筑之一。清远楼历尽沧桑，1986年文化部拨款39万元，对清远楼进行了全面修复，修复后的清远楼碧瓦青砖晶莹剔透，金龙玉兽傲首长空，飞搪翘角宏宇轩昂，廊柱斗拱被红挂翠，雕梁画栋富丽堂皇，古钟高悬，风铃叮当，显得古朴、典雅、雄伟、壮观。

和平森林公园

和平森林公园距张家口市65公里，距崇礼县城10公里。总面积20xx余公顷。是河北省最大的森林自然景观之一。森林公园山连山、岭连岭，森林茂密，郁郁葱葱。有70%的天然掸树林，还有人工栽植的落叶松、云杉等12种树种。景区内，峰峦叠峰、翠幢密蔽，丰草绿绳而争茂，佳木葱笼而可悦，峰回路转，险径回曲，颇具雄奇、峻险、秀丽之特色。林间空气清新，野芳幽香，百鸟争鸣，泉水叮略，身临其中如入仙境。藏菜、蘑菇长满山坡，山兔、松鼠跳跃树丛，善万物之得时，会使您抬然自乐。现已开辟五个景区数十个景点，成为集旅游、住宿、娱乐为一体的旅游胜地。

奇台山景区(即登山区)，包括奇台山、悬空洞、双狮奔、清凉亭、夫妻峰5个景点。奇台山由山脊拔地而起，山势高峻、沟堑纵横。台下17米处有一悬空洞，游人可穿梭自如，别具风趣。，登悬梯可上奇台顶一览群山。夫妻峰、双狮奔山也让人留连忘返。翠云山森林游览区，该区以森林为主体，碧波荡漾，繁花似锦，木欣欣以向荣，泉泪渭而始流，使群山五彩纷呈。另有垂钓区、野餐区、打靶、狞猎、射箭等娱乐场。公园还设有服务区，有餐馆、招待所、商店等服务设施。以其独特的雄姿和魁力迎接备方游客的到来。

中华始祖文化村

在北京市区西北100公里处，河北省琢鹿县东部黄土源上，屹立着我国最古老的都城---黄帝城及其有关的众多历史文化遗迹。黄帝轩辕氏是华夏各族的文明始祖，他于涿鹿之野战堂尤、战炎帝的历史名播中外。

涿鹿卧龙松

司马迁曾在《史记·五帝本纪》中说：黄帝的政治、军事、文化等主要活动在涿鹿一带。先“与炎帝战于贩泉之野”，后“与堂尤战于涿鹿之野，遂擒杀室尤”，又巡视各地，东至于海，西至于空桐，南至于江，北逐荤粥，从而保障了南北大地的安宁。于是黄帝威信大震，被各部族首领尊为天子，并与之“合符釜山，而邑于涿鹿之阿”。即兴建了我国历史上第一座都城。黄帝在涿鹿之野的活动开创了华夏民族文化发展的新纪元，使其由“野蛮”进入“文明”时代。

永乐年间，上海知县张守钓将原位于县西北的霍光行祠改建成城隍庙。据至元《嘉禾志》引《吴越备史》载，相传吴王孙皓病重时，有神附体一小黄门，对孙皓言道：“华亭谷东南有盐塘，风潮为害，非人为所能防。臣本汉霍光也，愿统部属镇之。”遂立庙祀汉博陆侯霍光，是为上海祀奉霍光之始。

上海的霍光行祠又常称为金山神庙。金山庙改成城隍府后，前殿仍奉祀金山神霍光坐像，后殿则供奉秦裕伯。改建之初，城隍庙规模尚小，以后历代都有所修葺。全盛时，包括有大殿、中殿、寝宫、星宿殿、阎王殿、财神殿、文昌殿等殿堂。清康熙四十八年(1709)，在庙侧起造东园。乾隆时，由全县士商捐纳，购潘氏豫园故址，归城隍庙，称西园。重加兴修，所费资产累巨万，极泉石之美，以作娱神乐神之用。府基一度达70亩，称盛一时。其时，江南奉祀城隍“尤谨”，开堂皇崇，寝阁羽卫，“庙制辄拟古诸侯，又极池台园囿之观，吴越所在者皆然，而上海为尤盛”。

与盛大的庙宇相一致，上海人对于城隍神有着特别虔城的奉祀：先是松江民俗，每重祷献，而于城隍庙尤甚，如祈病祈福，富室用全猪羊，贫者用三牲首，日元虚晷，佥云城隍有炅，能祸福人，别府铯无此事。除夕日，家家户户备牲醴，前往城隍庙瞻拜。牲醴香烛，源源而来，香火称旺一时。每年清明、中元、十月朔，城隍神出巡祭厉坛，迎送间，彩旗、灯幡、鼓乐、戏妓、烟火、舆马，备极豪华、隆重，“虽王侯不能拟，官府不能禁”。历经数世，在沪人的心目中，上海的城隍神“御灾捍患，素者威灵”，士民对其感恩戴德。

东林念佛堂开山祖师定西法师(1895-1962)原籍东北海城，俗家姓于，先祖致力耕读，家颇小康，父母皆信佛。法师自幼已好跏跌坐，喜礼寺庙，研读经书。十八岁即入佛教宣讲堂为讲员，时常与友人王福庭(后出家，即倓虚法师)、陆炳南(后出家，即乐果法师)谈-道。1920xx年，定西法师赴南海普陀山，依法雨寺达圆大德受具足戒，后返住上海留云寺。1920xx年，在谛闲大师传千佛大戒0后，被公推为极乐寺第二任住持。定西法师并蒙谛老传授天台正宗法卷，是为天台宗法第四十四世，后来宝一和尚也传他法卷，为临济宗四十二世。法师教演天台，行修净上，特重律学，四众弟子求戒者甚多。1946年移锡于奉天(即今沈阳)南关般若寺，成立念佛堂，每日领众行持不懈。1949年，应倓虚法师之请，与乐果法师一道来港，协助倓公创办华南学佛院，并担任主讲凡三年。第一班学僧毕业后拟结茅蓬习静以弘所学。1952年，荃湾南天竺住持茂蕊法师将其东园菜地借以为庐，并得各方善信集资修建净室，初名东林净舍。是追法东晋庐山，净宗初祖慧远建东林寺事。法师先派圣怀、达成、净真三位法师购料兴工，自己与三位法师各出资五百元，继而永惺、妙境两位法师出资二百元，再而济涛、了一两位法师各出资四百元，并得吴蕴斋居士及各护法帮忙，得以大概完成。岂料同年八月初五，山洪暴发，建筑冲毁将半。各方闻讯纷纷施以援手，同年底复修完成初建。翌年，改净舍为东林念佛堂。之后再得竹林禅院舍后楼地基千余尺;竹林禅院又赠送东林后山地八千余尺，修建大雄宝殿(今极乐宝殿) 。

由于佛堂兴修之地来自各方捐献，恐产权未能归一，定西法师遂拟筹组东林念佛堂向政府注册，成立董事会。是时设永远董事包括：定西、茂蕊、济涛、圣怀、了一、永惺、圣照、智开、达成、洗尘、马宽广、净真、妙境等，并向香港佛教联合会备案，申明佛堂一切均为十方檀越布施，子孙眷属均无权承继，永为东林念佛堂常住所有。1962年正式获政府批准，成立东林念佛堂有限公司董事会，是为佛教团体机构。此举开香港佛教寺院之先河。东林念佛堂现任住持为净真法师，已经是第六任了。

现时东林念佛堂的僧众，专修净土，为十方比丘之选贤道场。常设法会有：释迦牟尼佛诞，药师如来诞、阿弥陀佛诞、弥勒菩萨诞、观世音菩萨诞、大势至菩萨诞，文殊师利菩萨诞、普贤菩萨诞、准提菩萨诞、盂兰法会、韦驮菩萨诞及伽蓝菩萨诞等。

娘娘山又名女郎山，位于小秦岭山脉的最东端。关于娘娘山还有一个美好的传说故事。相传汉时，山下有李姓二女，年及婚嫁，母欲择配，终不允，母曰：妇人以 夫为家，未有终身不嫁者。

二女指山曰：此即吾夫家也。遂逃至山巅，后偕其母羽化而去，常呼风唤雨，广降甘霖，造福百姓，因而又名夫家山。千百年来，有关娘 娘山的传说，在民间广泛流传着许多神奇动人的故事，使娘娘山成为豫西人民心目中的神山。山顶娘娘庙，黄天墓、捞儿撵等景观都留下了极为丰富的人文故事，为 娘娘山披了神秘面纱。

娘娘山共分6大景区29个景点，其中，“秦岭雪橇”，属古灵宝二十景之一。娘娘山之险在靠近主峰顶的马鞍桥段，登山者脚 踏宽不盈尺的石槛，下临千仞深谷，加之耳旁山风呼啸，其险不亚于黄山之鲫鱼背，华山的擦耳崖。娘娘山山体完整，山脊狭窄峻峭，尖峭的山峰突兀屹立，时见笔 直山柱、石墙横空出世，高耸云间。在风口附近海拔1136米处，有一巨石形千年乌龟，龟盖、龟头浑然天成，整齐完美，龟体、龟头向着向着主峰娘娘庙，称之为“金龟朝圣”。独立的西峰，有风吹巨大的花岗岩体形成了石猴观天、先龟负重、巨龙腾空等各种地貌造形，鬼斧神工，惟妙惟肖，极富美感。娘娘山峡谷地貌发 育独特，河谷多呈V型，幽谷清泉，茂林繁花，如临仙境，著名的山泉就有小龙潭、马刨泉、黑龙潭、白龙潭等十余处。

娘娘山之雄在于登临1556.12米的主峰峰颠，极目东眺，灵宝市高楼林立，人车如流;南望平湖，气象万千，窄口水库宛如一块碧玉镶嵌于群山之间;西伫雪壁，花岗岩森严壁 垒，形成蔚为半观的飞流石瀑;北瞰果海，弘农古塬郁郁葱葱，更有春色黄花，漫山遍野，加之6万亩的松柏林，青黄相肌，层次分明，令人有心旷神怡、阅尽沧 桑、陶然忘我的全新感受。

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to Shaoyang. Im your tour guide.

Hello, everyone! Im very glad to travel to the beautiful Langshan Mountainwith you. It is said that when Emperor Shun visited Xinning on his southerntour, he saw that the local landscape was particularly picturesque andbeautiful. He couldnt help shaking his head and saying, "this mountain is good.It can be called Langshan." Langshan got its name from this. Langshan ScenicSpot is located in Xinning County on the border of Hunan and Guangxi. It isconnected with Guilin mountains and rivers in the South and Wulingyuan sceneryin the north. It is 140 kilometers away from Guilin and Shaodong airportrespectively. With convenient water and land transportation, it is another newlydiscovered scenic pearl in recent years. Millions of years ago, Langshan was aninland lake. Due to the crustal movement, the inland lake bottom protrudes,forming a red sandstone structure peaks Danxia landform. Covering an area of 108square kilometers, the scenic area governs five scenic spots, including Zixiafairyland, camel peaks, Bajiao scenic spot, Banshan wonder, Yijiang beautifulscenery, 18 scenic areas, and 477 scenic spots that have been discovered andnamed. Zixiadong zixiadong scenic spot includes wanjingcao, Yuquan mountain,elephant trunk stone, Wuyun village, Liu Huaxuan tomb and other scenic spots,mainly youyou.

On the left side of us is Yuquan mountain, covering an area of 0.5 squarekilometers, with a peak elevation of 301 meters and 7 scenic spots. There is anancient temple on the mountain, called Yuquan temple, which was built in the42nd year of Kangxi (1703). The old nunnery was destroyed in water and rebuiltin 1723. Fu Xianggao, Ma luofan and Li Yannian of the Qing Dynasty all wroteabout it. The pagodas and inscriptions of Jincun town and the ancient tomb ofthe first generation of Zen master, the ancestor of Yuquan temple, have beenrestored several times, and the incense is strong. They are 70 Buddhist resortsin the world. The big stone mountain is like a thumb on stilts. The local peoplecall it "thumb stone" or "OK" stone. It stands here rain or shine. It seems towelcome friends from afar and praise the landscape of Langshan Mountain. Maybethere are both. Now we come to the main entrance of Zixia cave. There is no cavein Zixia cave. The cave is Chong. It means minority village.

In zixiadong, there are many plant species and tropical rain forestlandscapes that can only grow in Yunnan. You can feel the meaning of "thinshadow horizontal slanting, clear water, dark fragrance floating in theevening". It is not only an inspiration for poets, but also a competitive placefor Buddhism and Taoism. Huiyuan, the great master of Buddhism, and Lu Xiujing,the great master of Taoism, carried forward their doctrines first and later.Therefore, the whole mountain is bounded by Youlu, the left is the place ofTaoism, and the natural stone statues of Zixia Taoist can also be seen. In frontof a stone flying out, like a giant frog is squatting there, this is the frogstone. Walking up the stone steps, we come to Zixia palace, which has been builtsince Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. Incense, drums and bells in the eveningand the sound of Sanskrit have become a well-known paradise. There is thetallest Guanyin Bodhisattva in Hunan Province in the palace, which is 6 metershigh. The most unique one is the Yujing bottle in the hands of GuanyinBodhisattva. All the bottles are upright, and this Guanyin Bodhisattvas Yujingbottle is inclined, which is intended to sprinkle the dew to the world.

On the left side, there is a 700 meter long and 100 meter high red copperwall and iron wall, called Hongwa mountain. It is the place where Zixia Taoistput the cassock. It is an echo wall of Juesha. On the right side of camels peakacross Langshan street, you can see an elegant and majestic archway with sixcharacters of "Langshan natural park" inscribed by Comrade Liu Zheng, formergovernor of Hunan Province and former chairman of the Provincial Committee ofthe Chinese peoples Political Consultative Conference. Camel peak scenic spotis 14 kilometers away from the county seat, from Langshan old street to Shitian.Along the way, strange peaks and stones rise up. A stream rushes through thestone like a harp. The main scenic spots are "Yuxian bridge", "Eighteen Arhats","Yanzi village", "Douli village", "candle peak", "camel peak" and "ghostValley". The first thing you can see is the Xianren bridge on the right. Thebridge was built in the Qing and Qian dynasties. It has a single stone arch, 6.8meters long, 5.1 meters wide, and 9 meters square. It is made of gneiss. Thebridge is exquisite, with green vines climbing. In 1983, the TV "wind and rainXiaoxiang" filmed the location here. On the right side of the line, the eighteenstone peaks are listed as "Eighteen Arhats", a majestic "guard of honor" towelcome tourists. On the far right side, there is the "husband and wife stone"with deep love and righteousness. The husband is preparing to leave with hiswife. Turning around the corner, the front suddenly opened up. A piece offarmland, several farmhouses, tall and straight candle peak and lifelike camelpeak are the center of camel peak scenic area, and also the earliest developmentplace of the whole Langshan Mountain.

各位游客：大家好!今天我们将去到国家4A景区南江大峡谷，首先我先自我介绍一下，我叫___，大家可以叫我__，

南江大峡谷位于贵州开阳县，属国家AAAA级旅游景区，20_年被评为“贵阳八景”之一，誉为“喀斯特生态博物馆”。随着贵州——开阳高等级公路的通车，它南距省城贵阳仅39公里，北距开阳县城20公里。便捷的交通使南江大峡谷成为贵阳市民周末休闲观光和来贵州旅游的长线游客继黄果树、遵义之后的必选景区。

南江大峡谷全长约18.4公里，落差218米，已开发龙广桥至锣鼓冲8.7公里，以发育典型、气势宏大的喀斯特峡谷风光，类型多样的瀑布群，优越的生态为特色，集奇峰、峡谷、峭壁、断崖、瀑布、跌水、钙华、溪泉、巨石、喀斯特森林于一峡，纳奇、险、雄、秀、野、幽、奥为一体，风光旖旎，景象万千，具很高的美学、科学和旅游价值。

由于第三世纪以来地面强烈抬升，河流下切，形成了以陡峭的崖壁，怪异的山岩，深切的河谷，复杂的地貌，湍急的溪水为特征的喀斯特中山峡谷地貌，极为雄奇、险峻。峡谷底部与高原面的相对高度一般为200—300米。由于峡谷支流下切的速度远远低于干流，支流的河水以瀑布的形式跌落于干流中，形成了峡谷两岸众多的瀑布和碳酸钙沉积在崖壁上的石灰华(钙华)壳，这些钙化或似亭台、灵芝，或似灵龟、金钟，或似石花、石幔，形态多样，十分瑰丽。

景区内主要出露的地层为距今5亿年前形成的寒武纪早、中寒武世古老地层。景区内地质构造复杂,有四条大断层与南江河斜交。景区主要出露的岩石有：厚层至块状石灰岩、薄版状灰岩、泥页岩、白云质灰岩、岩溶角砾岩等。

天府之国——成都

天下九州，九州不同方圆;地方南北，南北各有德行。偌大中国，要说南不南，北不北的地方，那便是四川盆地中央的天府之国成都了。以长江而划，它在北;以秦岭为界它又在南。

成都，论地域位置，偏于西南一隅，距京畿十万八千里，离大海也十万八千里，且四周环山，交通历来不便。故古诗有云：噫吁嚱!危乎高哉!蜀道之难，难于上青天。蚕丛及鱼凫，开国何茫然!尔来四万八千岁，不与秦塞通人烟。。。。。。(处省去125字。)

就像名人一样，很多名都也有一段曲折离奇，动人心魄的身世。成都当然也不例外。

相传，成都这个地方远古时候原本就是一个水乡泽国，洪水滔滔，汪洋恣肆，多亏了那个失败的英雄，大禹的父亲鳐。因为治水无能被舜一刀斩下了头，但是鳐心有不甘，志有未得啊，于是变成一头黄熊，潜入水底，以角触岩，拱山不止，硬是将那阻绝水路的，巴山绝壁拱开一牙缺口，即今雄奇天下的夔门之所在，让滔滔大水滚滚东去，才显露出了山陵丘壑，让川西坝子重见天日，后又经古蜀太守李冰父子，鬼斧神工开凿都江堰，因势利导，分洪泻流，才有了今天华丽富庶的成都。

历经了千百年风雨洗礼后，今天的成都以天府之国产出，继续哺育着一代又一代的成都人，以崭新的面貌喜迎八方来客。

著名导演张艺谋说：“成都，是一个让人呆下来就不想走的城市。”

成都，一座悠闲洒脱的城市，鲜花点缀的古都;这里是休闲者的天堂，这里是美女的产地，这里也是美食的故乡，这里的茶楼鳞次栉比，这里的川剧古老神秘，这里的人们热情奔放……

这里，让无数奔波于生活前线的人心生向往，这里让匆匆离去的人久久难忘……

繁华看尽，往事如过眼云烟，浮华，云淡风清般散去。生活回归为最初的本源。那幽幽巷子里，飘来的一抹清新茶香，那春意渐浓的早晨怯生生溜进房间的几缕阳光，那寂静的午后，偶尔传来的几声虫唱，还有那墙角的屋檐下，眯着眼睛晒着太阳的老大娘……

成都，一个来了就不想走的城市。锦里的街道上，无数的诱惑让你应接不暇而又乐在其中;古今奇景、君臣合祠的武侯祠郁郁葱葱，向世人低声述说着历史的变迁和不死的轮回;那焕然一新的杜甫草堂里，你是否能寻觅到昔日被秋风所破的凄苦和不屈?青砖古瓦的宽窄巷子里，每一处都在低声叹吟，老成都，新成都，好几个世纪的时光居然在这里和谐共生，还有那美女云集春熙路、仙风道骨青城山、抵挡过几千年轮回的都江堰、西部客家第一镇——洛带古镇……往事如姻，如烟往事，有生能来到这样一个地方，也算是人生一大快事!

市内景点

成都市内的景点相对较为集中，以天府广场为中心四面发散，市区一环内集中了武侯祠、锦里、宽窄巷子、人民公园、青羊宫、永陵、文殊坊等知名景点。二环有杜甫草堂、浣花溪公园、四川大学、望江楼公园等景点，金沙遗址、成都动物园、昭觉寺、欢乐谷等则在三环附近。

天府广场在市中心被成为成都的“脐孔”，往东可步行前往成都的购物圣地、打望圣地和美食集中地春熙路，春熙路有赖汤圆、钟水饺、龙抄手等店，穿过总府路沿着旁边的小路就到了华兴正街，这里有盘飨市、雨田烧菜馆、白家肥肠、华兴煎蛋面、玉林串串香等众多苍蝇馆子，游客不妨前往饕餮一番。

天府广场往西沿人民西路不远就是人民公园，公园中有著名的鹤鸣茶馆，可在此体验一下成都人的闲适。出公园正门沿少城路向西，再顺着长顺街往北200米，就是被成为“最成都”的小清晰聚集地——宽窄巷子，宽窄巷子出来顺着同仁路走到底再向西约300米就是纪念司马相如和卓文君的琴台路，沿着琴台路不多远就是道教圣地青羊宫，青羊宫旁边就是休闲之地文化公园。青羊宫和“君臣合祠”的武侯祠离的也不远，如果前往可做34路公交车在一环路高升桥站下车，然后步行200米左右即到。美食一条街锦里在武侯祠的旁边，再往前直走不远便是耍都美食广场。那里有更地道、更齐全却又更便宜的美食，蜀九香、胖妈烂火锅、锦城印象等知名火锅店都在此地有分店。在武侯祠门口凭游玩武侯祠的门票可免费搭车前往杜甫草堂。文殊坊在天府广场的北面，最便捷的方式就是坐地铁1号线前往。文殊坊除了有纪念文殊菩萨的文殊院，还有众多美味的小吃，当然最有特色的是这里的斋饭，可作为素食者的选择。

贴士：成都的景点之间大部分都有公交车直达，如果没有可到成都火车站、成仁公交站等大型中转站倒车，一般倒一次就能到达。

温馨提示：大部分景点均在城市西边，所以如果选住的地方，可以选在稍微偏西一点的地方，这样方便游玩和晚上回去休息。此外，我认为宽窄巷、天府广场和春熙路应该属于晚上去的景点，夜景排名也如上面所述。武侯祠、青羊宫、文殊院、杜甫草堂还有省博物馆都是要门票的，所以必须白天去。杜甫草堂和武侯祠60，青羊宫10，文殊院5，博物馆带身份证免费不免票。

郊区景点

在成都郊区，同样分布着众多知名的旅游景点。在西北角，有道教名山青城山和几千年历史的都江堰，有国宝熊猫所在的卧龙自然保护区，也有千年古镇街子古镇，成都西面有西岭雪山，西南有平乐古镇、刘氏庄园、天台山等景点，南面有蜀南竹海，东面有洛带古镇、三星堆等。

贴士：如果你只有一天时间游览成都周边，那你只能或东，或南，或西，或北选择一个方向出行。另外或者你若是在春暖花开时来到成都，最好是前往龙泉驿、新津、彭州等地观花，炎炎夏日则适合前往都江堰、青城山及一些有古镇的地方避暑，秋天去新都看看桂花，再去广汉瞧瞧三星堆也就差不多了，冬天去“窗含西岭千秋雪”的西岭雪山再合适不过了。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Suzhou. My name is Hua Hantao, and you call meXiao Hua or tour guide Hua. There are many gardens in Suzhou, among which theHumble Administrators garden is one of the "four famous gardens" in China, andit is also a masterpiece of Jiangnan classical gardens. Today, I will take youto visit the Humble Administrators garden for about two hours.

Zhuozheng garden is a representative work of private gardens in China. Inthe list of the first batch of national key cultural relics protection unitsissued by the State Council on March 4, 1961, it is a treasure of Chinasnational cultural heritage, known as the "mother of gardens in the world".

now, we have come to the main gate of Zhuozheng garden. You can see thatthere are three big words "Zhuozheng garden" above the main gate. Zhuozhenggarden was built in the fourth year of Zhengde in the Ming Dynasty. WangXianchen, the imperial censor, returned to his hometown because of hisfrustration in officialdom. He built the garden on the original site of Dahongtemple, with pavilions, small bridges, flowing water and towering ancient trees.The name of Humble Administrators garden is abbreviated from the sentence of"this is also humble, it is political".

the hall house with three doors we see now is Lanxue hall. The word "LanXue" comes from Li Bais sentence "spring breeze sprinkles Lan Xue", whichsymbolizes the noble sentiment of the host, who is as natural and unrestrainedas spring breeze and as clean as Lan Xue. There is a lacquer carving on themiddle screen door, which is a panoramic view of the Humble Administratorsgarden.

next, well visit "wuzhu secluded residence". Its located in theeasternmost part of the garden, commonly known as "moon to wind Pavilion". Itsshape is very unique. Four big round openings remind us of the moon on the nightof August 15. If you stand in the pavilion and look out, the four round openingsare like four huge frames.

This is the world-famous Humble Administrators garden in Suzhou. You arewelcome to visit Suzhou in the future. Goodbye.

Erhai Lake is located in the northwest of Dali City, Yunnan Province. It isthe second largest freshwater lake in Yunnan Province. It is long and narrow.The lake water is clear and transparent. It has been called "the flawless jadeamong the mountains" since ancient times. It is one of the four scenic spots ofDali.

It is said that the shape of Erhai Lake is like an ear, so it is known as"Plateau Pearl". Looking down from the sky, Erhai Lake is like a new moon, lyingquietly between Cangshan and Dali Bazi. Boating in Erhai Lake gives people apoetic and picturesque mood of "boat floating in the blue waves, people swimmingin the paintings".

Erhai Park is a good place to enjoy the scenery of Cangshan Erhai Lake.There are three islands, four continents, five lakes and nine curves in thelake. Three islands: Jinsuo Island, Chiwen island and tianer island; fourcontinents: qingsabi, daguanchu, Yuanyang and Malian; five lakes: Nantang lake,Beitang lake, Lianzhu lake, Longhu Lake and Bozhou Lake; nine tunes: Lianhua,Daji, Puji, Fengyi, luoelbow, Niujiao, boyin and Gaoyan.

There are many beautiful bays in Erhai Lake, among which Haidong Bay,diaosewan, kanglang Bay and Shuanglang Bay are larger. Especially the "threeislands" in the lake make Erhai Lake more beautiful. Dali "Fenghuaxueyue" fourscenes: xiaguanfeng, shangguanhua, Cangshan snow, Erhai moon.

鼋头渚位于无锡西南郊的太湖之滨，距离市区约18公里。渚是指三面临水的小陆地，因为它状如鼋头而叫鼋头渚。它能够说是独占太湖最美的一角，向南望，太湖有着青岛海滨的气概;向北望太湖又有着杭州西湖的明媚风光。在这一片真山真水的自然景色中辅之以别具匠心的人工点缀，使之成为观赏太湖最为理想的游览胜地。难怪诗人郭沫若畅游太湖之后，作出了“太湖佳绝处，毕竟在鼋头”的评价。鼋头渚以其“山不高而秀雅，水不深而辽阔”的无边风月，以及早中晚、晴阴雨景致各异的神奇变幻和春花秋月、夏荷冬雪的四时之景吸引着历代文人墨客和无数中外游人。

民国初年，无锡人杨翰西在此购得60亩山地，并于1920_年开始对鼋头渚进行最初的开发，开始建构“横云山庄”;1920_年他又拨地1亩多给量如和尚，由量如募款将后山的广福庵迁于此，更名为广福寺。1920_年，杨翰西利用无锡商团会长的身份，在工商界集款建造了“陶朱阁”。抗日战争时期，改名为“横云公园”。

鼋头渚地区还有王心如在1920_年建的“太湖别墅”;1920_年陈仲言建的“若圃”;1931年郑明山建的“郑园”;以及何缉伍和蔡缄三的退庐。当时这些风景都因为蠡湖的阻隔，交通不便，因而游人不多。1934年荣德生老先生60大寿，他利用寿礼在蠡湖上架起了一座长达375米的长桥，因南端架在宝界山上而取名“宝界桥”，从此沟通了蠡湖南北两岸的陆路交通，把梅园、蠡园和鼋头渚等景色连成一片，便于游人游览观光，同时长桥卧波，恰给蠡湖拦腰一束，平添几分秀色，桥下的60个桥孔又正好象征着荣德生老先生的60大寿，提醒人们过桥不忘修桥人。

解放后政府将那里原有的园林、别墅合并为“鼋头渚公园”。1982年开始进行了大规模的扩建，面积从原先的480亩，扩大到1950亩，统称“具区胜境”。园内有十大景区(鼋渚春涛、万浪卷雪、芦湾消夏、湖山真意、鹿顶迎晖、充山隐秀、藕花深处、十里芳径、中犊晨雾、三山映碧)，我们所要游览的是鼋渚春涛景区，它是整个园林的精华所在。

Ladies and gentlemen

Welcome to Kongtong mountain. Im your guide today. Just call me Xiao Lin.After you come here, in addition to seeing the scenery, I think you must alsowant to know some history. Let me introduce it to you.

Kongtong mountain is located 15 kilometers west of Pingliang City, GansuProvince, between the mainstream of the upper Jinghe River and its north banktributary houxia river. It is 100 km long and 15 km wide on average, with analtitude of 1870-2100 M. The highest peak is steep with luxuriant trees, forminga natural green barrier in the northwest direction, so it is named Cuipingmountain, with an altitude of 2123 meters.

In geological structure, it belongs to xiaoguanshan reverse fault with avertical fault distance of about 700 meters. The brown purple and greenconglomerates of Yanchang group of Upper Triassic and Cretaceous bottomconglomerates and other vertical joints are developed. After erosion, many cliffcanyons and Qifeng cliffs and other special landforms are formed.

There are two old planation levels on the top of the mountain: the top ofXiangshan, 2100 meters, is covered with Tertiary red beds; the first level,about 1900 meters, is cut into "Wutai" in the East, West, South, North andmiddle. The central platform is protruding, and all platforms are in a circle,each of which has its own unique potential.

Hetiantai, chaxiangtai and lingguitai are known as "Batai". They are thenatural wonders of Kongtong mountain, together with "four mountains"(Fenghuangling, shiziling, cangsongling and qipanling), and "two peaks" (candlepeak and leishengfeng).

Nine temples and twelve palaces of Buddhism and Taoism have been builtsuccessively in the platforms and foothills. There are 42 temples, most of whichare concentrated in the "Wutai" area, forming a large-scale architecturalcomplex. At present, only the Song Dynasty stone Scripture building of Faluntemple, the yuan Panlong stone column of shifangyuan, the Yuan Dynasty stonewall and Ming Dynasty Lingkong tower of Baoqing temple in Dongtai are preserved,all of which are provincial cultural relics protection units.

There are many special cultural relics in Kongtong mountain. There areguangchengzi cave on the mountain, Wenwen palace and Guangcheng spring at thefoot of the mountain. He is also expected to drive the mountain and sabaoyan,which is said to be the first emperor of Qin to visit and the first emperor tovisit Sabao. There are Xuanhe cave and Qinglong Cave (Guiyun cave) in Dongtaicliff, which are also famous places of Kongtong. In 1980, kongtongxia reservoirwas built in kongtongqian gorge in the south of the mountain. The installedcapacity of the hydropower station is 1890 kW, which has comprehensive benefitssuch as power generation, fish culture, irrigation and sightseeing. There is aMountaineering Road to Zhongtai.

Now let me give you a brief introduction to the life of Buddhist monks inKongtong mountain. In the period of primitive Buddhism, the daily behavior ofmonks was to go out and practice separately. There are two ways to practice: oneis to learn teachings, mainly to listen to Buddhas views and discuss with eachother; the other is to practice meditation, which refers to meditation ormeditation (meditation is wandering in the woods). Later, there were Buddhiststatues in the temple, and after the classics were recorded into words, therituals of offering and reading the classics appeared.

According to the commandments formulated by the Buddha, monks gather inFalun temple on the 15th and 30th of the lunar calendar to recite the"commandment book" and check whether they have violated the commandments. If youviolate the law, you should repent according to the circumstances.

During the whole year, monks must have three months to live in the Faluntemple and concentrate on their cultivation. They are not allowed to go there atwill. The biggest festivals in Buddhism have two days: the eighth day of April,the Buddhas birthday, and the fifteenth day of July, the self indulgence day.These two days are called "Buddha happy day".

On the Buddhas birthday, the "Buddha Bathing Dharma meeting" is held, thatis, a water basin is used in the main hall to worship the statue of the crownprince (that is, the Buddhas birthday statue of Sakyamuni). The monks andbelievers of the whole temple should bathe the statue of the crown prince withfragrant soup as a memorial to the birth of the Buddha.

Dongtai was originally built in autumn and August of the 15th year ofZhiyuan (1278) at the request of King Anxis busy brother, who called the Lamaof the western regions of the capital to rebuild it at the request of Wangxiangshangting. After the completion of the "hall for the hall, round Huan halofly, splendor.".

After repair, the memorial tablet of Baoqing temple in Kongtong mountain,which was written by Cunda hall and Shangting in the Republic of China, is nowabandoned. In the original hall, the top ten demons are vivid and lifelike, withsmooth and natural lines. Unfortunately___ All of them have been destroyed.

Dongtai on the lintel and the couplets on both sides: "Xianshan, Shenshan,daoshan, Foshan, Rushan, shanguangweizhen; sunny scenery, rainy scenery, snowyscenery, sun scenery, moon scenery, all alone". Guan Yunchang and his generalsZhou Cang and Guan Ping in the story of the three kingdoms are worshipped in thetemple.

Guan Yunchang is almost a household name in China, and everyone knows it.In those days, Guan Yunchang rode alone for thousands of miles, passed fivepasses, and killed six generals. In addition to being brave and good atfighting, Guan Yunchang also made "three friends in Taoyuan" with Liu Bei andZhang Fei. He wholeheartedly supported Liu Bei and was loyal to his country.

After his death, temples were built all over the country for his statues,and he was called "Guan Gong", "Guan Di", "Wu Sheng" and so on. Guan Yu is theonly venerable of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism in China. Buddhism is calledKalan Bodhisattva and is the patron saint of the temple. Taoism is regarded asthe God of wealth and vice Jade Emperor. Confucianism is honored as the sage ofmartial arts.

Dongtai is a good place to watch the sunrise, the sea of clouds and thenight view of Pingliang City. There is Xuanhe cave on the cliff of Dongtai, 500meters above the ground. According to folklore, Xuanhe used to be a pair of boysand girls who served guangchengzi. They fell in love with each other for a longtime. Although they were taught by their master, their infatuation could not bechanged.

Later, guangchengzi became an immortal and returned to the fairyland. Thetwo boys wanted to stay in Kongtong mountain, so guangchengzi left a fairy cavefor them on the cliff, changed them into a pair of Xuanhe, and warned them: theyshould not stay in the world as they want, let alone do things that are deviantfrom the classics. They should understand the peoples feelings and help thegood people. At the foot of the mountain, there is the palace of askingquestions. It is said that the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan came to Kongtong mountainto ask where Yu guangchengzi had settled.

Well, lets get to know that first today. Having said so much, I believeeveryone is full of interest in it. Lets dissolve ourselves and feel the charmof Kongtong mountain. But in this process, we should pay attention to safety, donot litter Oh!

各位朋友，大家好!

我们今天游览的地方是圆通寺，它是昆明市内的佛教寺庙，也是云南省和昆明市佛教协会的所在地。早在唐代，云南地方割据政权南诏的统治者蒙氏在这里修建了"补陀罗寺"。"补陀罗"又译作"普陀"或 "补陀落迦"，是梵语的译音。意思是 "光明"。传说"补陀罗"是一座佛教圣山的名称，坐落在印度的南海，是观音菩萨的道场。大家知道，在中国还有一个的观音道场，那就是浙江的普陀山，是我国四大佛教名山之一。它建于五代时期，比补陀罗寺要晚100多年，可以说补陀罗寺是中国最早的观音寺。不过，补陀罗寺规模不大，建在盘坤岩上，又低又潮湿，没有多长时间就不复存在了。到元朝大德五年，也就是1301年，在今天这个地方修建寺庙，一直到延祐六年，也就是1319年才建成，前后共花了18年的时间。

这座寺庙用"圆通"作名称，仍然是继承了观音道场的意思。因为“圆通”是观音的三十二个法号之一，意思就是 "明白"、"开窍"。

圆通寺历经明清两代和建国后多次大规模维修、改建，形成了今天这个规模，是国务院公布的全国重点佛寺之一。1956年曾在这里举行过迎奉佛牙的盛典。

不同的寺庙有不同的风格，圆通寺就有3个与众不同的特点。第一个特点就是圆通寺的前身---补陀罗寺是中国最早的观音寺。另外两个特点是什么呢?待会儿到了圆通寺我会告诉大家。现在圆通寺到了，让我们进去看看吧。

这是圆通寺的山门，大家往上看，“圆通禅寺"这块匾额是我国当代书法家、北京师范大学教授启功先生题写的，启功先生是满族，而且还是清皇族，姓爱新觉罗。

前面是“圆通胜境”牌坊。这座牌坊是吴三桂在清朝康熙七年，也就是1668年命人修建的。原来，圆通寺的山门就在这牌坊处。吴三桂命人修这座牌坊时，将山门移到现在所在的地方。请看，牌坊上部的木雕与下部的石刻融为一体，群龙在彩云间翻滚，时隐时现，狮虎在高山深涧，或奔或卧，栩栩如生。

前面是天王殿。大家看，大肚弥勒佛慈眉善目，正冲着我们笑呢!北京潭柘寺弥勒殿前有一副对联:"大肚能容，容天下难容之事;开口便笑，笑世间可笑之人。"做人能有如此的豁达气度，又怎能不乐呢?这天王殿是圆通寺的第一重殿，有着驱邪显正的含义。殿内塑有威严峙立的四大天王，他们手持不同的法器，分管风调、雨、顺。拿剑的掌管风，拿琴的掌管调，拿伞的掌管雨，拿蛇的掌管顺。弥勒佛后面的是韦驮，手持金刚柞。他们都是佛教中的护法神。他们正全神贯注，注视着众生的善恶，保护佛、僧三宝。由于他们的保卫工作做得好，所以佛国净土得以安宁、庄严。

现在，我们看到的是一个雅致的庭院。院中有一个放生池。它不仅是全寺的最低点，也是整座寺院的中心。池中建有八角亭，亭的南北两边各有一座三孔汉白玉桥和两岸相连，水池周围又有水树回廊环绕，像这样将江南园林建筑风格运用在庄严、肃穆的佛寺中，形成别具一格的水苑佛寺，在全国都是少见的。这就是圆通寺的第二个特点。大家看，八角亭上这副"水声琴韵古;山色画图新"的对联，极好地概括出了这一特点。

大家请随我到八角亭去看看。这八角亭象征着"八正道"，也就是八种通向极乐世界的正确途径。亭内供奉的是24臂观音，也称千手观。"千手"是指观音菩萨法力无边。千手观音是位端庄的女菩萨。观音原来是男的，为什么后来变成女的呢。这个答案我到圆通宝殿里再告诉大家。

现在我们到了圆通寺的精华所在--圆通宝殿。大家有没有发现。一般佛寺的大殿都叫"大雄宝殿"，为什么这里却叫“圆通宝殿"呢?"大雄"是对佛祖释迦牟尼的尊称，意思是法力无边，一切无畏，殿中供奉的是释迦牟尼佛，而圆通寺供奉的是观音菩萨，所以大殿就叫“圆通宝殿"。但是我们现在看到的大殿里供奉的却是释迦牟尼佛，这是为什么呢?原来，清朝同治年间，大殿内的主尊观音像毁坏，到光绪年间重修时，不知什么原因却被塑成了释迦牟尼佛像，因此大殿名称与供奉的佛像相矛盾。

大家看，大殿内现在供奉的就是三身佛，表示释迎牟尼的三种不同身，即法身、报身和应身。申间的是法身，右边的是报身，左边的是应身。三身佛也表现了具有慧根的凡人勤修至佛的历程，激励广大信徒潜心修行。法身佛两旁侍立的是迦叶和阿难。迦叶是佛祖的大弟子、阿难是二弟子。

三身佛座前的双柱上盘绕着明代塑造的青黄二龙。龙头伸向佛祖，仿佛在聆听讲经布道。二龙塑工精湛，生动传神。相传为四川泥塑大师南纳福的杰作。三身佛背面供奉着"西方三圣"，中间的是教主阿弥陀佛，又称"无量寿佛"、"接引佛"。右侧的是大太子不眗，后修成观音菩萨，她以大慈大悲，普渡众生;左侧是二太子尼摩，后修成大势至菩萨，他以智慧光芒，普照一切，二人协助阿弥陀佛接引众生前往极乐世界。

说到这里，我把观音如何由男变女的来历告诉大家。观音原来是男儿身，在很早以前，观音像多为男身，敦煌壁画里的观音甚至还有胡须。后来，观音在中国被广为供奉，在儒家"不孝有三，无后为大"思想的影响下，许多妇女都想生男孩，但是求子心切的妇女们又羞于跪在一位男身菩萨前诉说心事，于是越来越多的观音像就变成了端庄的女身。下面请看大殿两壁。下层端坐着十二圆觉，他们是十二位经过勤修佛法而圆满觉悟的菩萨。还有一种说法，这十二尊佛像除两端骑青狮的文殊菩萨(阿弥陀佛的三王子王象)和乘白象的普贤菩萨(阿弥陀佛的四王子泯图)外，其余十尊都是观音像，称作十地观音图，表现了观音修行得正果的过程，更有力地证实了圆通寺本是观音寺。两壁中层为二十四诸天，上层是天龙八部，他们都是护卫佛国的天神。

现在，我们到铜佛殿。铜佛殿建于1985年，是专门为了迎奉泰王国佛教协会赠送的释迎牟尼铜像而修建的。这尊铜佛像高3.13米，重4.7吨，体态清瘦，表现了佛祖清修的艰辛。殿内两壁绘有四幅彩图，分别反映佛祖出家、得证佛法、初转_、圆寂涅槃的全过程，殿前匾额上的"铜佛殿"三字是我国书法家、中国佛教协会会长赵朴初先生所题。

铜佛殿后面山崖下，原有湖音、幽谷两洞，传说洞中有蚊龙作怪，时常引发洪水，晋宁盘龙寺开山祖师觉照筑咒蚊台念经，镇住蚊龙，大观楼长联的作者孙臂翁曾经在这里建小屋居住，自称"咒蛟老人"，靠占卜算卦为生。咒蚊台边有一小路，叫采芝径。旁边的石壁上刻有道教张三丰画像，反映了云南寺庙佛道合一的普遍性。

现在，我们到寺院东边参观一个喇嘛教的供奉殿。这座配殿内供奉的塑像是模仿云南规模的喇嘛教寺院---中甸归化寺大殿内供奉的主尊塑造的，中间的是释迦牟尼佛，左侧是喇嘛教的教派格鲁派、也就是黄教的创始人宗喀巴，他倡导宗教改革，确立了格鲁派在喇嘛教中的主导地位。右边供奉的是喇嘛教另一个教派宁玛派，也就是洪教的创始人莲花生大师，他在喇嘛教战胜当地原始宗教夲教的过程中起过一定作用。

参观完这三座佛殿后，圆通寺的第三个特点也就清楚了，那就是大乘佛教 (又称北传佛教，乘是车、船的意思)、小乘佛教(又称南传上座部佛教)和藏传佛教(也就是喇嘛教)三大教派试为一体。大乘佛教讲求普渡众生，在中国广为流传;小乘佛教只追求自我解脱，在中国只有云南独有;藏传佛教则在西藏、青海、内蒙及川西、滇西北传播。现在大家不必跑很多地方，到圆通寺就可对佛教三大教派的殿宇一览无遗，还可以对三大教派不同的宗教风格有一个初步的了解。这在中国乃至世界恐怕也是不多见的

The places of historic interest and scenic beauty are the Yu Garden,located in the northeast of Shanghai, old Chengxiang, North Road, Anren street,southwest and Shanghai old temple.

In the park, there are three famous stones of the south of the YangtzeRiver called the jade Linglong, the command point of the 1853 knives uprising,the spring hall, and the tourist attractions of Town Gods Temple and shoppingstreet on the side of the park.

Yu Garden began to open to the public in 1961. In 1982, it was listed as anational key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council.

Yu Garden was originally a private garden in the Ming Dynasty. It was builtin Jiajing and Wanli years. It has been over four hundred years as of 20__.

Pan yunduan, the owner of the garden, was the chief minister of Sichuan.His father pan en, whose name is Zi Ren, was named Lijiang. He was an officialin duchayuan, the censor of zuodou and the Minister of punishment. The panfamily was the wangmen family in Shanghai at that time. In 1553 (the 32nd yearof Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty), the nine mile long wall of Shanghai wasbuilt, which gradually calmed down the Japanese invasion along the southeastcoast. For more than 20 years, the people of Shanghai, whose lives and propertywere often threatened, gained a little stability, and the social economyrecovered and began to prosper. The literati built gardens one afteranother.

Pan en resigned in his old age and returned to his hometown. In order tolet his father live in his old age, pan yunduan began to build gardens onseveral vegetable fields in the west of the Shichun Hall of the pan familyshouse in 1559. After more than twenty years of painstaking efforts, Yu Gardenhas been built. "Yu" has the meaning of "peace" and "Antai". It is named "YuGarden" and has the meaning of "Yuyue old relatives".

At that time, the Yu Garden was over 70 acres, designed by Zhang Nanyang, afamous gardener in Ming Dynasty, and personally involved in the construction.The ancients praised Yu Garden "Qi Xiu Jia in Southeast" and "southeast famousgarden crown".

Pan yunduans family declined in his later years. Pan yunduan died in1620__ (the 29th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), and his family graduallydeclined, unable to bear the huge expenses of garden repair and management. Atthe end of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Garden was made for Zhang Zhaolin. From then to1760 (twenty-five years of Qianlong emperor), in order not to annihilate thisscenic spot, some local gentry merchants gathered money to buy Yu Garden, andspent more than twenty years to rebuild the terrace and build the mountainstone. At that time, the East Garden in Town Gods Temple was East, that is,todays inner garden, and the Yu Garden was slightly West. Shanghai Yu Gardenancient pavilion landscape

In 1842, twenty-two years ago, the first Opium War broke out, and foreigninvaders invaded Shanghai. The British army took over the Yu Garden and ravagedit. In 1853, in response to the Taiping Revolution, Shanghai Xiaodao Societylaunched an uprising in Shanghai. After the uprising failed, the Qing soldiersburned and looted in the city, and the Yu Garden was severely damaged. Thebuildings such as the spring hall, the fragrant snow hall, the osmanthus flowerhall, the moon house and so on were all on fire.

In 1860 (ten years of Qing Xianfeng), the Taiping Army marched intoShanghai. The Manchu government colluded with the British and French invaders,took Town Gods Temple and Yu Garden as a garrison outside the army, excavatedstones and filled pools in the garden, and built western style military houses.After 1875, the whole garden was divided into more than 20 industrial andcommercial industries in Shanghai, such as bean and rice industry, sugarindustry, cloth industry and so on. On the eve of liberation, the Yu Gardenpavilions were dilapidated, the rockery collapsed, the pool dried up, the treeswithered, and the old landscapes were gradually annihilated.

Since 1956, Yu Garden has carried out a large-scale renovation, whichlasted for five years and opened to the public in September 1961. Now Yu Gardenoccupies an area of over thirty acres, with varied pavilions, lofty mountainsand trees, and green trees. It is beautiful and exquisite, exquisitely carvedand long, and has the characteristics of small and medium sized. It reflects theartistic style of the two dynasties Jiangnan garden architecture in Ming andQing Dynasties.

Yu Garden was listed as a municipal cultural relic protection unit in 1959.Yu Garden was opened to the public in 1961. In February 1982, it was publishedby the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Cuixiu hall was built in 1760. It is hidden deep in the north foot of therockery. It faces a cliff and faces a high wall in the north. It is surroundedby ancient wood and beautiful flowers. The environment is quiet and elegant. Youcan have a close view of the rockery by pushing the window in the hall. Nowthere is an antique shop.

"Gradually getting better" comes from the biography of Gu Kai in the bookof Jin, which is fascinating. The corridor is paved with stone slabs, with asmall bridge in the middle and geese on both sides. You can watch the scenery ofthe mountains and rivers. In the middle of the corridor stands a Taihu Lakestone peak, about 2.3 meters high and graceful, so it is called "beautywaist".

The iron lion of the Yuan Dynasty is located in front of the corridor of"getting better". Left female and right male, cast in 1290, the base bears theinscription of "Zhao Zhang, craftsman of Tongshan Town, Anyang County, ZhangdePrefecture" and "xigengyin, 27 years old from the state of yuan, October28".

Built with thousands of tons of Huangshi from Wukang, Zhejiang Province,the rockery was carefully designed and built by Zhang Nanyang, a famous mountainmaker in the Ming Dynasty. It is also his only surviving work. The height of themountain is about 14 meters. Pan Yunduans evaluation of the big rockery in thebook of Yu Garden is: "it is very pleasant to watch."

Yangshan hall is composed of five couplets. In the north, there is anambulatory and a curving sill near the pool. You can sit and rest. In the hall,there is a plaque of "here are lofty mountains" recorded in the preface toLanting by Wang Xizhi of Jin Dynasty. The name of juanyu building comes from thepoem "the curtain of pearls is rolling rain in the West Mountain" in tengwanggeby Wang Bo, a poet of the early Tang Dynasty.

Sansui hall was built in 1760 when the west garden was rebuilt. It is 9meters high. It is one of the main buildings in the garden. In the Qing Dynasty,it was a place for official celebrations and "preaching the oracle", and also agathering place for the local gentry.

The "famous Marine Park" was held in May 18, 1999 by Comrade __ of the CPCCentral Committee and __ and __ to celebrate the 440th anniversary issue of YuGarden construction.

Ginkgo tree is 21 meters high, with dense branches and leaves. It is saidthat it was planted by the owner of the garden for more than 400 years.

The four corners of Wanhua building have the pattern of plum, orchid,bamboo and chrysanthemum, and the four windows are leaky. There are many windingsills around the corridor. Beside the white wall, there are stone peaks andgreen bamboos.

There is a small pavilion at the east end of the corridor. When you lookdown on it, you can see the clear spring like a mirror. When you look across thecliff, you can see the stone peak standing on the wall. Facing the mountain andfacing the water, you can see the ancient peoples taste of "two suitable formountain and water". So its called liangyixuan. In the north there is abuilding named Yifang, which is shaped like an ancient boat.

The corridor is separated by a wall in the middle and can walk on bothsides. There are leaky windows of different shapes on the wall. From the leakywindows, you can see the terrace on the left and the peak stone on the right,just like a picture sketch. The west end of the corridor is connected with aSquare Pavilion. There is a plaque in the pavilion, which says "understanding isnot far away".

Around the Yule Pavilion, there are towering ancient trees. You can see thefish swimming in the pool by the fence. The watersheds on XieJian stream reflectthe characteristics of Jiangnan gardens. The stream is only a few feet long. Theflower wall divides the stream into two. There are leaky windows andsemicircular openings on the wall. Next to the fish Pavilion, there is aWisteria tree that has passed more than three hundred years of spring andautumn. In the early spring of each year, its branches are full of small whiteflowers.

Genial hall and Dianchun hall are separated from each other by water. Thehall is square and open around. A set of furniture on display in the hall,including tables, chairs, tables and decorative Phoenix and Kirin, are all madeof banyan roots and have a history of more than 100 years. There are stone stepsleading to the listening Oriole Pavilion.

"Da Chang Tai" is also called "Feng Wu Luan Yin". The stage is close to themountain and water. The eaves in front of the stage are exquisitely carved andpainted with gold and color. On the stone pillars around the stage, there arecouplets depicting the scenery of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

In the southeast of dianchuntang, there are lakes, rocks, rockeries,clouds, water and rocks, and deep caves. On the mountain, there are double-layerpavilions; the upper layer is called Kuailu, and the lower layer is calledYanshuang Pavilion. From Kuailu to the south, there are jingyixuan and TingliPavilion, surrounded by flower walls, forming a small courtyard.

Chuanyun dragon wall is located in the west of Dianchun hall. The dragonhead is made of clay, and the dragon body is made of tiles. There are alsoseveral dragon walls in the garden: Wolong behind the rockery, Shuanglong Xizhuin the west of the genial hall, and mianlong in front of the inner garden.

The whole building of Dianchun hall is a five bay hall with characterscarved on the fans. The beams and columns are of peculiar shapes and decoratedwith gold foil. After the hall, there is a water Pavilion in linchi, on whichthere is a plaque saying "feifeiyue". Dianchun hall was built in the early yearsof Daoguang reign in the Qing Dynasty. It was once the place for Fujian foreignmerchants to worship gods in Shanghai. It is commonly known as "HuatangGongshu". During the Xiaodaohui uprising, this was the headquarters of theuprising army in the north of the city. One of the leaders of the Xiaodaohui,the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, recruited Marshal Chen Alin to work here andissued a decree, which was called "dianchuntang mansion". After the failure ofthe uprising, Dianchun hall was seriously damaged. In 1868, it was rebuilt andcompleted in four years. There is a large traditional Chinese painting "swordview" by Ren Bonian, a painter of the late Qing Dynasty. On both sides of thepainting are couplets written by the calligrapher Shen Yinmo: "courage embracesemptiness, and heart is the source of essence.". The hall also displays theweapons used by the rebel army, self coined coins, sun and moon coins, as wellas the announcement and other cultural relics.

Because both sides of the pavilion are facing water, the meaning of"flowing cup and flowing water" is taken from preface to Lanting. On the side ofthe pavilion, there are three curved slab bridges, built with water. West ofSanqu Banqiao is Huanyun rockery. The mountain is made of Lake stones, withdeyuelou in the north and Qingquan in the West. There are springs in the cave,and streams flow out of the cave.

大家好、我是嘉峪关关城讲解员，今天我演讲的题目是：巍巍雄关耀中华。这里，曾上演过一幕幕民族征战的历史话剧;这里，流传过一篇篇各民族人民和睦相处，团结奋斗的动人故事。巍巍雄关耀中华，古老的嘉峪关，就象一位历史老人，六百多年来，离合悲欢的往事，沧海桑田的巨变，映在它古老的青砖上，刻在它厚重的土墙里。

嘉峪关，始建于明洪武五年(公元1372年)，因建在嘉峪关西麓的嘉峪山上而得名，它比"天下第一关"山海关早建九年。这里地势险要，南是白雪皑皑的祁连山，北是连绵起伏的黑山，两山之间，只有30华里，是河西走廊西部最狭窄的地方，被称作"河西第一隘口"。关西的大草滩，黄草平沙，地域开阔，素为古战场，关东是丝路重镇酒泉，紧靠关东南坡下，有著名的峪泉活水，"九眼泉"冬夏澄清，终年不竭，可供人马饮用，并可灌溉良田。这些优越的自然条件和险要的地理位置，是这里建关的主要原因。早在汉代，就在距关城北七里的石关峡口设有玉石障，依山凭险，设共防守，据史料记载，明代以前，这里一直是"有关无城"。

明王朝建立后，为了加强河西的`军事防御，征虏大将军冯胜收复河西后，在此选址建关，以控制西去的交通要道。据历史记载，嘉峪关"初有水而后置关，有关而后建楼，有楼而后筑长城，长城筑而后关可守也"。嘉峪关从建关到成为坚固的防御工程，经历了一百六十多年的时间。明洪武五年(公元1372年)首筑土城，周长220丈，高2丈许，就是现在的内城夯筑部分，当时只是有关无楼。明弘冶八年(公元148年)，肃州兵各道李端澄主持在西罗城嘉峪关正门项修建嘉峪关关楼，也就是说，嘉峪关关楼是关城建成一百多年之后方修建的，史书上记载说："李端澄构大楼以壮观，望之四达"，又过了11年，也就是明正德元年(公元1506年)八月至次年二月，李端澄又按照先年所建关的样式、规格修建了内城光化楼和柔远楼，同时，还修建了官厅、仓库等附属建筑物。嘉靖十八年(公元1539年)，尚书翟銮视察河西防务，认为这里必须加强防务，于是大兴土木加固关城，在关城上增修敌楼、角楼等，并在关南关北修筑两翼长城和烽火台等。至此，一座规模浩大，建筑宏伟的古雄关挺立在戈壁岩岗之上，它像一队威武雄壮的战士，屹立在两山之间、伸出双臂，牢牢地守卫着丝绸之路的咽喉要道。公元1873年当时的陕西直隶总督左宗堂在收复新疆伊犁时速经嘉峪关，面对雄伟壮观、气势磅榜的关城，提笔写下"天下第一雄关"的巨匾悬挂于嘉峪关楼上，为雄关又添了几分威严、几分雄壮。清末因禁烟而被贬赴伊犁的爱国将领林则徐于1842年10月11日途经嘉峪关时，面对巍巍雄关和大漠风光写下了著名的诗篇

严关百尺界天西，万里征入驻马蹄。

飞阁造连秦树直，综垣斜压陇云低。

天山峭摩肩立，瀚海苍茫人望迷。

谁道堵函千古险，目看只见一九泥。

一生酷爱古诗词和书法艺术的毛泽东同志曾手书过这首著名的诗篇。

雄关关城布局十分合理，建筑也很得法，适合战争防御的需要，关城有三重城廊，多道防线，城内有城，城外有壕，形成重城并守之势，如果敌兵来犯，可确保万无一夫。

嘉峪关建关六百多年以来，由于风雨侵蚀，曾进行过大规模的修缮。尤其是在1986年，嘉峪关市委、市政府响应邓小平同志"爱我中华、修我长城"的伟大号召，倡导各界人士捐款集资，恢复关城。当时，嘉峪关按照国家文物局杨烈等同志指示"修旧如旧、恢复原貌"，经过多方努力，嘉峪关楼终于又屹立于雄伟的关城之上，站在嘉峪关楼上看着关外，由于岁月侵蚀而变的沧桑的丝路古道，诸多感慨涌上。回头，曾有这样一幅对联记载关楼的沧桑历史：

历明清经民国毁于风雨岁月空留遗址、静观世事沧桑：

爱中华修长城建在升平年代恢复原貌、再睹华夏春色。

更值得一提的是长城学专家罗哲文老先生也诗兴大发;口占七绝一首：

嘉峪山前起煤城，墙台高峙气萧森

雄关天下今谁主，游客登楼话古今。

是的，雄关本身的防御意义早已成为了过去，而今登上这座气宇轩昂的关城，人们不仅为它的气势、它的雄壮、为祖辈们的智慧所折服，更多的是在思索和寻找。在改革开放，发展社会主义市场经济的今天，如何使这座关城焕发出无比的生命力，这是历史赋予我们的责任和使命，谁说春风不度玉门关?改革开放的春风早己吹绿了关城内外。大开发的春风为关城的建设推波助澜。使机遇与挑战同时摆在我们面前。是固守着祖辈留给我们的这笔财富而满足于现状，还是积极探索、寻找差距、开拓进取?事实是最好的口答;关城作为人类重要的文化遗产、当之无愧地被授予甘肃省爱国主义教育基地、一九九六年被授予全国百家爱国主义教育示范基地，今天在实施西部大开发的宏伟战略中，雄关又在争创中国优秀旅游城市的活动中找差距、定措施，这些都意味着关城人正以"不到长城非好汉"的精神赋予关城以新的意义。