旅游导游词英语【汇编20篇】

(飞天峡谷)

再次弃舟从岸，我们穿越的是一段神奇的峡谷，叫飞天大峡谷。亿万年来，由于地质构造运动和水流的冲蚀，飞天山形成了许多的沟沟壑壑，峡谷纵横，飞天峡谷就是其中一段。大家看峡谷两边，悬崖峭壁，山势险峻，山顶灌木葱茏，谷底水流潺潺，鱼翔浅底。人行其中仿佛穿行时空隧道幽明相隔。

(老虎山)

山道弯弯，峰回路转，眼前豁然开朗，一条凿在岩石上的石级古道，仿佛是登天云梯。“老虎山”几个红色大字就刻在古道旁的石壁上。老虎山之所称为老虎山，一则是因为此处当年曾有老虎出没。据说，五、六十年代人们还在此发现有老虎，后来就逐渐绝迹了。再则，站在山顶，可以看出我们脚下的山体的那么象一只老虎，有狭长平整的老虎背，还有摸不得的老虎屁股，以及长长的坚实有力的老虎尾巴。

(聚仙台)

爬上老虎山，穿过杨梅林，顿觉雄风四起，白云端坐，瑞气浮动，纵横万里，劳草连天，千山万水尽收眼底，好一派人间仙境，神仙故园。“美人山上看美人，聚仙台里聚神仙”，漫步聚仙台，飞天上无限美景在眼中，远看睡美人，近观神仙指。相传当年八仙前往东海时，途经此处，迷恋于飞天山的美景，曾在台上豪饮美酒，聚会一番，“聚仙台”因之得名。

(飞天睡美人)

站在聚仙台，远看飞天峰，整个山峰就象一个巨大的侧卧着的佛像，所以此山又叫卧佛山。不过，不知什么年代，有好事者发现，山峰更像一个仰卧着的美女。你们看，美女头枕南方，脚朝北方，梳着古典的女髻，小巧挺拔的鼻子，高耸的双乳，平坦而又有一丝起伏的腹部，修长的双腿，构成一幅线条优美的睡美人图像。睡美人神奇的自然景观，为飞天山平添了无限生命的色彩，渗透着人与自然的和谐。

(爱情谷)

来到飞天山古亭之一的“情台”，凭栏处，“爱情谷”中飘来阵阵花香，令人不觉生出浪漫的情怀。相传，一仙女在山花灿烂的三用，腾驾一片彩云，溜出南天门，来到飞天山，不禁被人间仙境般的奇山秀水所吸引。仙女在山光水色之中流连忘返，不觉太阳偏西，山道上走来一位唱着山歌的担柴郎。她循声尾随，左听右瞧，对这年轻、健壮且活泼的打柴郎，由好奇而生好感，再由好感萌生爱意，便摇身腾云驾雾，跌落在打柴郎眼皮底下，谎称是爬路旁的一棵树梢摘野果，不慎摔下。挑柴郎掀去肩目柴芊，扶起这位从天而降的女子。仙女的品貌非凡尘所有，震撼青春年少的打柴郎的心，两人由此一见钟情，订下终身，在爱情谷上演了一幕仙女嫁凡人的人间喜剧。现在“情台”、“爱情谷”己成为年轻恋人们来飞天山谈情说爱的好地方。

(寿高台)

穿过纵马驰骋的高山草原，爬上飞天峰108级石阶，大家缍站在了“寿高台”上。相传寿佛老爷就是在此得道升天，位列仙班的。站在寿高台，犹如立马苍海，气势峥嵘，油然而生一种岁月沧桑的静穆氛围和征服一切的超凡气度。据说，常常登临寿高台的人，必将多福多寿，一生平安。希望大家有机会能常来寿高台，汲取天地之灵气，沐浴自然之精华。

(赛莲莱)

下了寿高台，沿着通幽之曲径，我们到了另一处蓬莱仙境——蓬莱洞。在蓬莱洞的洞壁上，“唐宋八大家”之一的韩愈手书的“赛蓬莱”、“昌黎书”几个字，苍劲有力，流传千古。可见千百年来，飞天山早己不愧为郴州名胜，江南福地，正所谓“江山如些多娇，引无数英雄尽折腰”。

各位朋友，飞天山这个藏在深闺的佳丽，正日益露出她那灿烂的笑颜，展示她不凡的姿容。非常高兴与各位共同渡过这快乐的飞天山之旅。欢迎您下次再游飞天山，祝各位旅途愉快，一路顺风!

In the beautiful plateau Tibet, there are not only Mount Qomolangma, theroof of the world, but also the mysterious Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple andXiaozhao temple. Today, I will take you to take a look at the supreme positionin Tibetan Buddhism - the Jokhang Temple.

Dazhao temple, also known as "zulakang" and "juekang", is located in thecenter of Lhasas old city. It was built by King Songzanganbu of Tibet and has ahistory of more than 1300 years. Dazhao temple is a Tibetan Buddhist temple, andalso the earliest existing civil structure building in Tibet. It creates aTibetan Hirakawa style temple pattern, and is a building integrating Tang,Tibetan, Nepalese, Indian and other artistic styles. The enthusiastic localguide led us into this temple full of mystery and beautiful legend.

"The Jokhang Temple is an eternal example of Tibetan religiousarchitecture. Now, what we see are tens of thousands of butter lamps that haveleft traces of time and pilgrims. These butter lamps are on day and night, andwill not go out. Why? Because countless devout Tibetans in Tibetan areas keepdonating butter to temples, so as to ensure the continuous use of butter forthese butter lamps worshipped in front of Buddhas platform... " I was thinkingabout why. After listening to the guides explanation, I finally understood why.It seems that devout belief is the strongest support for Tibetans. Buddha hasbecome their spiritual sustenance, carrying their hope and yearning for a betterlife in the future. "Lets go on!" the guides call brought me back to reality.So I took back my mind and quickly followed.

The stone floor is as bright as a mirror because of the friction ofbelievers for many years. There is a huge Buddha statue on the left and right ofthe hall. The one on the left is lianhuasheng, the founder of the red crosssect, and the one on the right is the future Buddha. Further inside, there isthe temple of the sacred goat remjem. Why do you call it this name? Because agoats head naturally grows in the corner of the temple, so Tibetans take thisinteresting name for it. At the same time, the guide also told a fairy talerelated to this hall. It is said that in order to build a palace for theNepalese princess who was married at that time, during the reign of the fifthTibetan king Songzanganbu, he traveled all over Tibet and found many places, butthey all felt that they were not suitable. Songzanganbu decided to leave thematter to God. So he took one of Princess nibbles rings and threw it into theair. Where the ring fell, he built the palace. Unexpectedly, the ring fell in alake, and a white tower appeared in the lake. Songzanganbu, who thought it wasauspicious, decided to fill the lake and build a palace. Because they wereworking in the lake, people and yaks were too heavy to transport the stones tofill the lake, so they took the lighter goats as the main labor force at thattime. After efforts, the lake was finally filled up and the present JokhangTemple was built. However, many goats died in that project. In order tocommemorate the achievements of the goats, the king of Tibet called this place"Reza" (the goat represented by "Reza"). With the passage of time, "Reza" hasgradually been called "Lhasa", so there is a saying in Tibet that there wasJokhang temple first and Lhasa city later.

Next, we will visit the 12-year-old statue of Sakyamuni, the treasure ofJokhang Temple. You must be curious about what an isomorphic statue is? It is aBuddha statue carved according to the height and appearance of Sakyamuni when hewas 12 years old. It is the only one in the world. This Buddha statue wasbrought to Tibet by Princess Wencheng, who married a Nepalese princess. It tookhim more than three years to come to Lhasa. It is the most complete statue ofSakyamuni in the world. When I didnt see it, I thought it should be about thesame height as me, but when I saw it, my chin was startled! Now this Buddha isfour or five meters tall, and its head is like a big washbasin. Puzzled, I askedthe guide, "was Sakyamuni so old when he was 12?" the guide said with a smile,"no, the original statue is the same size as a child about 10 years old, butbecause the monks here are very devout. Every day, I brush the Buddhas bodywith gold powder, from head to toe, and not once a day. Monks will brush theBuddhas body with gold powder on time. After a long time, the Buddhas bodybecomes bigger and bigger God! Its incredible that a Buddha statue as tall as achild can be painted so big with gold by devout believers. Its conceivable thatthis Buddha statue has great weight in the hearts of Tibetans.

Then we visited Maitreya hall, Guanyin Bodhisattva hall, sanfawang hall,Tara hall, Shenbian tower and so on. As the sun sets, the visit is drawing to aclose. In fact, there are many things I want to introduce to you, but I cantdescribe them one by one. But what I want to tell you is that the Jokhang Templehas given me a new understanding of Tibetan Buddhist culture and made me fall inlove with this mysterious and interesting place. Students, I hope you can gothere to have a look and appreciate the mystery and beauty in the future!

Welcome to changsha, hunan! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you cancall me little x. In order to facilitate everyone to visit, let me firstintroduce the history of changsha in hunan province.

15-20__00 years ago, human activity has started in changsha. About 7000years ago, changsha began to form the village. About 2400 years ago in thespring and autumn period and the warring states period chu in changsha city.Until today, the site has not changed, more than 20__ years ago the location ofthe road and even today the streets are still coincidence, therefore, changshabecome the longest in the history of Chinese city one of the cities at the sameaddress.

The different historical period, changsha has "LinXiang", called "tamstates"; Changsha tang and song dynasty and Ming dynasty and qing dynasty, itseconomy and culture as its most prosperous period in history. The earliestdocumented in the name of "changsha" ", wang shifu book will be about tribute"changsha turtle" say, more than 3000 years ago. Chow period of ningxiang countycoal river site unearthed four sheep statue of bronze ware etc reflects thechangsha area with the original a connection. Changsha, about 2400 years historyof city construction, city was built in the spring and autumn period and thewarring states period, chu. "The millet of changsha, chu also." ChuCheng kingset county in guizhou, changsha as its scope. By qin qin shi huang unifiedChina, changsha county 36 county, one of which is changsha starts with Chinasadministrative division name go down in history. Han period, the capital city ofchangsha, changsha countries. In the early eastern han dynasty waste "changsha"appointed "changsha county" instead.

In The Three Kingdoms and the western jin dynasty period, changsha countygovernance, belong to the ancient jingzhou. The late western jin dynasty and thenorthern and southern dynasties, changsha county and hunan state system ofgovernance.

Sui early withdrawal county, head of changsha as tam state government; Thelate change state for the county, and changsha, changsha county countygovernance. When set pool by the tang dynasty, once jiangnan road, Jiang Naxiway. Changsha kiln in the five dynasties period of the tang dynasty, onceflourished, become the birthplace of under glaze color. Five dynasties and tenstates period for changsha chu capital, which is the only country to changshafor capital.

When the song dynasty by the changsha to pool. Changsha yuelu academy, setup in the northern song dynasty to culture and education to the peak. The yuandynasty in 1274 to pool state road, HuGuang province seat. Is still the tamstate road 1281, hunan DaoXuan comfort seat, subordinate HuGuang provinces; Yuanliterate admired day calendar for two years due to the "good" emperors nameheaven road, yuan state seat change at the end of the pool. Ming to changshaFuZhi, originally department subordinate HuGuang. The qing emperor kangxi threeyears to build "hunan province", changsha as changsha government FuZhi and hunanprovince. When Ming and qing dynasties, changsha, there are four big market andbig four, what he said, one of the most important market for China.

Late qing dynasty, zeng guofan became "the first person of hunan", thechangsha government emerged important figure in Chinese history, such as CengGuoquan, zuo zongtang, Hu Linyi, such as elimination of the taiping heavenlykingdom, started the westernization movement, recovered in xinjiang, etc., causeprofound influence to the late qing dynasty of China. Late qing dynasty andearly republic of China, changsha become important political and revolutionaryactivities. The reform movement of Chen Baozhen, tan sitong, establishment ofThe Times in changsha school. ZiLiJun uprising, China after a sudden flash ofinspiration, symbol of tian-hua Chen and Yao Hongye, clear ping feels ashameduprising, rob rice agitation, are influential activities. Against the qingdynasty in the late qing dynasty made a series of qing dynasty, made greatcontribution to the establishment of the republic of China.

各位游客朋友们早上好!欢迎大家来到美丽的滨海城市―天津，在此，我怀着无比喜悦的心情代表__x旅行社的全体员工对各位宾客的到来表示最热烈的欢迎!我叫小方，担任这次旅行的导游，大家叫我小方就好了，这位是司机张师傅，有多年的驾驶经验，今天就由我和张师傅一同来为大家服务，如果在游览过程中大家有什么问题，请您告诉我，我将竭尽全力为您服务，在此预祝大家旅途愉快，玩得顺心!

现在，小方先给大家介绍一下天津的概况，以便大家对这座城市有一个基本的了解。

天津市是中央四大直辖市之一，中国北方最大的沿海开放城市，中国历史文化名城，中国首批优秀旅游城市，20__年国务院将天津市定位为“国际港口城市，北方经济中心和生态城市”。

天津地处华北平原东北部，东临渤海，北依燕山，西北与首都北京毗邻，相距仅120公里，全市总面积11919.7平方公里，共辖16个区县。其中包括：和平、河西、河东、河北、南开、红桥、西青、津南、东丽、北辰、宝坻、武清、宁河、蓟县、静海、滨海新区。截至20__年底，全市常住人口1272万。

19世纪80年代前后，由李鸿章等人的倡导，为中国开辟了现代化之路的“洋务运动”与“实业救国”的巨大浪潮，都以天津为起点中心，再经发展扩及全国。就在这一时期，天津相继诞生了一批“中国之最”：中国最早自己修建的最长的`铁路———津唐铁路、中国最老的车站之一——老龙头火车站、中国最早的电报局———津沪电报总局、中国报龄最长的报纸———大公报。中国最早的机器铸币厂———天津机器局铸钱局。以及中国第一台自制蒸汽机车、第一条有轨电车，国内最早的电报业、电话通信业，公交系统等。

天津更是名人荟萃的地方，仅在天津租界做寓公的就有1个皇帝，5位总统，7位，30个督军。如清代的末位皇帝溥仪，总统袁世凯、黎元洪、冯国璋，徐世昌、曹锟，曾任北洋政府的段祺瑞、唐绍仪、顾维钧等，以及梁启超、吉鸿昌、张学良、张自忠、李叔同曹锟等都在天津留有故居。在天津五大道寓居的外国名人就有：美国第31任总统胡佛，德国名人德璀琳。汉纳根等。名人旧居是天津建筑与文化的象征，作为历史文化和旅游观光双重资源而呈现出巨大的价值。天津就像一部近代中国的立体史书。所以，要看百年中国发展的轨迹就要看天津。

天津地理位置得天独厚，是连接华北、东北、西北地区的交通枢纽。近些年，天津的交通事业发展很快，现在已基本形成以港口为中心的海、陆、空一体的交通网络。天津港是中国最大、世界等级最高的人工深水港，是首都北京的海上门户，中国综合运输体系的重要枢纽，天津港货物吞吐量突破4亿吨，集装箱吞吐量突破1000万标准箱，基本建成世界一流大港。

京津城际铁路的开通，30分钟的时间，不仅缩短了两座大城市的时空距离，更重要的是两个城市间的联系更加紧密了。

天津滨海国际机场是国内干线机场、国际定期航班机场、国家一类航空口岸，是中国主要的航空货运中心之一。在刚刚过去的20__年，天津机场旅客吞吐量完成727.7万人次，同比增长25.9%，货邮量吞吐量完成20.2万吨。

通过旅游资源整合、旅游产业培育、重点项目建设、旅游品牌打造，将天津建设成浓缩近代文化、凝聚现代文明、独具特色的国际性、现代宜居宜游的旅游强市、国际旅游目的地和集散地，实现“33641”目标，即旅游总收入达到3000亿元，新增旅游大项目30个，培育六大旅游品牌，五星级标准酒店达到40家，引进扶持旅游企业集团10家。

各位朋友，这次旅游活到就要结束了，我也要和大家说再见了。非常感谢大家对我工作的支持，对我工作中不尽人意的地方由衷的说一声对不起，也希望您提出宝贵的意见，最后，我祝大家在今后的生活中圣体健康，万事如意。

各位女士们先生们：

大家好!我是雪花旅游团的导游，大家可以叫我小赵。我将带领大家去一个美丽，壮观的华山。

华山，《水经注》里说：“远而望之若花状”，故名“花山”，因古代“花”、“华”通用，加上当地人的口音，故称为华山。华山与华夏紧密相连，是中华民族的象征。据清朝学者章太炎考证，“华夏”、“中华”都是因华山得名。早在《尚书》中就有华山的记载，《史记》中也记载有黄帝、尧、舜都曾到过华山巡游。秦始皇、汉武帝、唐太宗、武则天、唐玄宗等数十位帝王也曾到华山进行过大规模的祭祀活动。

华山是我国著名的五岳之首之一，海拔2154.9米，位于陕西省西安以东120公里历史文化故地渭南市的华阳市境内，北临坦荡的渭河平原和咆哮的黄河，南依秦岭，是秦岭支脉分水脊的北侧的一座花岗岩。凭藉大自然风云变化的装扮，华山的千姿万态被有神有色的勾画出来，是国家级风景名胜区。

我们此刻来到的是华山的精华部分。西峰，又称莲花峰，得名于峰顶翠云庙前右侧的那块大石，其状如莲花，山峰奇拨峻峭，如刀切剑削，壁立千仞。此峰最高处有“摘星台”，登台俯瞰，秦川茫茫，蓝天如洗，浩瀚无际，渭、洛二水如银带，北望黄河细如丝。唐代大诗人李白观此景后曾写下“西岳峥嵘何壮哉，黄河如丝天际来”的美丽诗句。

此刻我们看到的巨石叫“斧劈石”。石身有一条0。66米宽的裂缝，关于这条裂缝也有一个感人的传说。玉皇大帝的小女儿圣母与被玉帝打下凡世的金单玺相爱之后，结为夫妻。二郎神杨戬大骂其妹三圣母私配凡夫，违反天条，于是将三圣母压在华山西峰顶的巨石下方，之后三圣母生下一个儿子，取名沉香，沉香长大成人得知真相后，来到华山，战胜杨戬，了压在母亲身上的巨石救出母亲，全家得以全聚。这就是“劈山救母”神话发生的地方。

亿万年来鬼斧神工，造就了华山惊险壮丽的自然景观，千百年来文人墨客的咏颂，使华山积累了丰富的文化内涵。能够说，华山与华夏紧紧相连，是中华民族的象征;从关于华山的传说、掌故中我们能够看出，它不但博大、计策、典雅、深沉、严肃，而且幽默、诙谐，甚至还有一丝浪漫与温柔，这不正我们中华民族的写照吗?

大家看这个，这个就是华山松。华山松，雄球花黄色，基部围有数枚卵状匙形鳞片……树干可割取树脂;树皮可提取栲胶;针叶可提炼芳香油;种子可食用也可榨油。

希望大家能度过愉快的一天!下次我再和大家一起旅游!

The scenic spot we are going to visit today is the ancient culture street.The ancient culture street is a street with Tianjin local characteristicscentered on the Tianhou palace. It is located in gongnangong North Street,Nankai District. In 1985, it was reorganized by the municipal government torestore its traditional style and named "Ancient Culture Street". The ancientculture street is different from the general commercial street. It gathers allkinds of handicrafts and cultural goods from all over Tianjin and even the wholecountry. Among them, the willow youth paintings, clay figurine Zhang Caisu andkite Weis kites are most famous at home and abroad. The whole street is full ofstrong Chinese flavor, Tianjin flavor, ancient flavor and cultural flavor.

Well, we have come to the parking lot of the scenic spot. Please rememberthat our car is a white golden dragon, and the license plate is Jin a1234. At 4pm, the car will be waiting for you in Gongbei street. Please take yourvaluables and get off with me.

The first thing that comes into view is a tall and majestic archwayimitating Qing Dynasty, which is decorated with gold and painted with green topand Zhuying. The color picture on it is called xuanzi color picture, and it iswritten with the word "hometown of Jinmen". It definitely points out that thearea near the ancient Culture Street is 820_ In a settlement five years ago, theJin people, who ruled the north at that time, established Zhigu village, themost important prison in Tianjin. Todays Tianjin is based on this area as theoriginal central area, which has been gradually developed and expanded. In thepast six or seven hundred years, Tianjin has always been a prosperous commercialarea in the city, which has played an immeasurable role in the development ofTianjin. It is well deserved to be called the hometown of Tianjin.

Well, please follow me into this street. Youve noticed that many shops inthis street do not have colorful paintings under the eaves and in the rooms.These are Kaiguang Qing style Su paintings, most of which are character stories.Lets take a look at the color paintings of Fangjian, your excellency Jizhen. Onthe top are eight paintings from the romance of the Three Kingdoms, including"the romance of the Three Kingdoms in Taoyuan", "the battle of Lu Bu inhulaoguan", "Lu Bu playing Diaochan in fengyiting" and "refusing Cao inDangyang". On the other hand, Fangjian in Liyuan Pavilion is painted the classicopera Xixiang Ji, which describes the love story between Cui YingYing and ZhangJunrui . In addition to the Su paintings mentioned above, the buildings aredecorated with wood carvings and brick carvings. There are nearly 100 plaques inthe street, most of which are made by famous calligraphers all over the country.You can watch as you walk and savor carefully.

Well, now we have come to the square in front of the palace. The famous TinHau palace is located here. Before entering the Tin Hau palace, lets take alook at the opposite theater building. The theater building is a wooden platformbuilding. It faces west in the East, connects Haihe River in the East, and facesthe square in front of the palace in the West. There is a stage on the top and apassage below_ When the theater was demolished, the theater we see now wasrebuilt in 1985. In the past, the theater was the main place for performinggods. Later, after the Japanese invaders occupied Tianjin, the theater stoppedperforming gods.

OK, now lets turn around and have a look. There are two tall flagpoles infront of the gate of tianhuangong mountain. They stick straight into Yunxiao,which is particularly eye-catching. These flagpoles are 26 meters high. It issaid that when the flagpole was first set up, on the one hand, it hung lights toguide the boats going to and from sanchahekou; on the other hand, it served as afoil for Tianhou palace. Later, it was specially used to hang the long flag ofTianhou title during pilgrimage and temple fair.

Please go on. Now we are looking at the main building of Tianhou palace.Tianjin local folk known as "empress", so the empress palace is also known asempress palace. It was first built in the Yuan Dynasty, and was rebuilt andreinforced many times in later dynasties. As we all know, most of the temples inour country face south, but Tianhou palace faces east from the West. Why? Weknow that Tianhou is mainly to protect the safety of navigation. Facing the eastof the temple and the Haihe River, it is convenient for some boat people andmerchants. They can worship Tianhou on the boat when they have no time. Itconforms to the busy shipping demand at that time and meets the needs of thepeople who cant land It is the demand of popular worship.

You follow me into the mountain gate, facing the wooden structure of twocolumns and one floor archway, on the left and right sides are the drum towerand the bell tower. Walking through the archway, we can see the front hall infront of us. In the middle of the hall, there are worshippers of the Dharma GodKing, and on both sides are "Qianliyan", "shunfenger" and "Jiaxie" and"Jiashan".

Now we pass through the front hall and come to the main hall, which is theplace where the goddess of heaven is worshipped. This hall is not only theoldest example of architecture in Tianjin, but also one of the earliest extantMazu temples in China. The one sitting in the middle is empress Hou. As we saidbefore, empress hou can protect the safety of ships passing by. So what God isempress Hou? Since she is called empress Hou, she must be a goddess. She is nota divinity made up of fantasy, but a real person.

The history books say her name is Limmer. She grew up on an island and wasused to water. He often crossed the sea to rescue the fishermen in distress atsea. Unfortunately, he was killed by the typhoon. It is also said that after hisdeath, he appeared to help the refugees from time to time, so the rich merchantson the sea paid money to build Mazu temple, and gradually became the God of thesea. At first, the legend of Empress Dowager only spread in Zhejiang and Fujian,but later it was gradually recognized by the government. In the Song Dynasty,she was named "lady Linghui" and "empress Linghui" successively. In the YuanDynasty, she was named "Empress Dowager", and in the Qing Dynasty, she was named"Empress Dowager". This article is organized by the first model website

Through the main hall, we came to the Sutra Pavilion. Through the SutraPavilion, what we see now is the Qisheng temple, that is, the back hall, whichwas originally used to offer sacrifices to empress dowagers parents, and laterused to store the light wooden statue of Empress Dowager during the Royalassembly. On both sides of Tianhou palace is Tianjin Folk Custom Museum, whichintroduces the rise and changes of Tianjin city, Tianhou palace and the imperialassembly. From the side witnessed the "first heaven after the palace, afterTianjin city" this statement. At the same time, it also displays the city bricksof Tianjin in the Ming Dynasty, the model people of water transport in the QingDynasty, the wedding custom exhibition and so on.

Now you can move freely, and gather at 4 oclock under the archway ofGongbei street.

南京旅游概况

南京与西安、洛阳、北京一起，并称为中国四大古都。三面环山，一面靠江的这座古城，历代帝王都喜欢在此建都，并称其为“帝王之宅”。这趟旅程，我们来到美丽的古都，偶遇古老城墙，了解古城含辛茹苦的世事，登上紫金山，领略钟灵毓秀的美景，徜徉烟雨的秦淮河，邂逅老城区的民国建筑。在玄武风云间，探寻这座六朝古都的悠悠过往。

南京不倒的明城墙。无论你从哪里来，进入南京城必定要穿过古老的城门，嘿嘿，那我的解说就从明城墙开始吧。望着这沧桑的明城墙，就像浏览一本史册。南京的明城墙始建于1366年，共动用数十万民工，历时28年建成，绕城一周约三十五公里。在此后的六百多年，南京明城墙饱经风雨，如今，它的军事防御价值已经不再重要，但历史却赋予了它珍贵的文化和文物价值。明城墙竣工仅仅20几年后，明朝的第三位皇帝朱棣，迁都北京。之后，儿子效仿老爷搞得更大了，也在北京建起了万里长城。

很早以前，古城墙的西北角的八字山与清凉山之间，四望山上就有一座石头古城，那里现在还存有它的文物遗迹。历史上的南京最初属于吴国，越王勾践打败吴王夫差后，便在靠近楚国的地方，建立一个叫“越城”的城堡。公元前333年，楚威王兴致勃勃地来到南京，希望借长江天堑为屏障来图谋天下，于是利用峭立江边的“石头”来建城，他按照风水师的主意，在狮子山的背面埋了些黄金，称其为金陵邑。金陵是这座城最初的名字，也是南京最雅致而古老的称呼。正是由于“金陵邑”险要的地理位置，随着此地影响力的越来越大，“金陵”也就越叫越响，因此，“金陵”之名一直沿用至今。

南京明城墙，由宫城、皇城、京城、外扩城，四重城垣构成，是一个完整的防御体系，也是世界最长、规模最大、保存原真性最好的古代城垣。在明代城墙原有的13座城门中，中华门是保存最完好、结构最复杂的一座古堡垒瓮城，是京城的正南门。中华门原来叫聚宝门，它的瓮城设置在城门里边，为明朝首创。据说，建成所用的城砖，由工部、军队卫所及37府参与烧制，上至主管，下至普通工匠，均需在砖上留名，呵呵，这可能是那时的质量控制和问责系统。

明城墙中华门外不远处秦淮河畔的大报恩寺，是中国历史上最为悠久的佛教寺庙。寺内有一座玻璃材质的宝塔模型，塔内外置长明灯一百四十六盏，它的原型是南京大报恩寺琉璃塔。当时的琉璃塔通体琉璃美轮美奂，位列中世纪世界七大奇迹，被西方人视为代表中国的标志性建筑，可惜毁于太平天国时期的战火。大报恩寺的前身可以追溯到东吴时期的建初寺在此后的千百年间，宝刹曾多次毁损，1412年朱棣下令在毁于火灾的废墟上重建新寺，寺院的施工极其考究，完全按照皇宫的标准来营建，金碧辉煌，昼夜通明。朱棣把它命名为大报恩寺，以报答朱元璋和马皇后的养育之恩。

南京城墙之外的紫金山。南京是一本最好的历史教科书，阅读这个城市，就是在回忆中国的历史。紫金山又名钟山，它有“钟山龙蟠，石城虎踞”之称，是南京名胜古迹荟萃之地，中山陵、陵园路、明孝陵、梅花山、美龄宫、音乐台、灵谷寺、天文台等等，分布在此山中的各类名胜古迹多达200多处，其中84个景点可供游览，绝对是超值的旅游名山。

中山陵位于紫金山南麓，是孙中山先生的陵寝及纪念建筑群。孙中山生于广东，逝于北京，何以葬在南京?因为他对紫金山有着特殊的感情。1925年，中山陵的设计，面向海内外公开征集方案。近四个月时间，共收到应征图案40余份，最终，选定了吕彦直设计的，整体造型像美国费城的“自由钟”方案入选，这个平面呈钟形，寓有“唤醒民众”之意，如果从高空看中山陵，整个中山陵像一座平卧的警钟。很多人点赞说：“警钟之形，意味深远”，不过吕彦直很耿直，说碰巧像罢了，当初没想那么多。

沿着梧桐掩映的陵园路，向西南行走，便可到达明孝陵。踏上陵园路，两侧种植南京最主要的行道树法国梧桐，成了钟山风景区的一道靓丽的“绿荫长廊”。两人才能环抱的参天大树带来慑人的威严之风，让最聒噪的人噤声。这里是路，也是风景，更是活的历史博物馆。一路走来，尘封的往事慢慢浮现。南京人喜爱这里夏天“绿荫长廊”的模样。这些种植于1929年春天的法国梧桐，至今已有80岁高龄。不知是否真会有凤凰栖息枝头，但是四五米高的大树洒下的浓密树荫，却真是夏季最好的蔽日之所。所以有人说：上有天堂，下有苏杭，都比不上南京的绿荫长廊。

在中国的传统文化中，梅花被赋予高洁、坚韧、不屈不挠的品格。南京人喜爱梅花，是从六朝就开始了，相沿不衰，至今已有1500多年的历史，因而，梅花成了南京的市花。在明孝陵景区内，春天梅花盛开时，遍山梅花争芬斗艳，游人如织。梅花山因梅花闻名，山上植梅数千株，品种繁多，目前在世界上已发现的380多种梅花中，梅花山就有360多种。

紫金山的山脚下，小红山上有一条绿宝石项链，其中的“宝石”就是美龄宫。这条“项链”由两边通往美龄宫主楼的陵园路上的梧桐树悄然天成。据说，当年的设计方案中，并没有项链的设计，这只是一个迷人的巧合。美龄宫设计者赵志游是浙江宁波人，为蒋介石的远亲，他留下的一张美龄宫图纸显示，整个建筑最初设计形似水滴。宫殿般的建筑原是国民政府主席的官邸，后来改为高级官员晋谒中山陵的休息处。抗战胜利后，房子被翻修成别墅，蒋氏夫妇常在此居住，这里便得了“美龄宫”的名字。秋天的美龄宫，诉说着蒋介石和宋美龄的爱情。

中山陵东北的音乐台，是中山陵的配套工程，原本用于纪念孙中山先生仪式的大型音乐演奏及集会演讲，如今它又多了一个新功能，成为音乐爱好者消夏聚会好去处。音乐台建筑风格为中西合璧，在利用自然环境，以及平面布局和立面造型上，充分吸收古希腊建筑特点，而在照壁、乐坛等建筑物的细部处理上，则采用中国江南古典园林的表现形式。

相对于梅花山，中山陵的另一侧1.5千米处是灵谷景区，由寺庙建筑、国民革命阵亡将士公墓和灵谷公园组成的风景名胜。灵谷寺始建于514年，是南朝梁武帝为纪念著名僧人宝志禅师而兴建的“开善精舍”，初名开善寺。明朝时朱元璋亲自赐名“灵谷禅寺”，并封其为“天下第一禅林”，为明代佛教三大寺院之一，与大报恩寺、天界寺并列为大刹。嘿嘿，只有品过灵谷寺的桂花茶香，才能说没有错过秋天最浪漫的金陵故梦。

南京除了紫金山、梅花山外，还有牛首山、栖霞山、幕府山、汤山、青龙山、黄龙山、方山、祖堂山、云台山、老山、灵岩山、茅山等，另有富贵山、九华山、北极阁山、清凉山、狮子山、鸡笼山等聚散于市内，形成了山多水多丘陵多的地貌特征，它们宛如一幅绝美画卷，美到耀眼。南京有着“春牛首，秋栖霞”的说法，春秋两季一定要约上小伙伴去感受南京山的热情哈。

紫金山自古以来就是一块风水宝地，对于南京人而言，紫金山就是自己后院的一座山，没事就去上山逛一逛，紫金山承展了南京人的日常和记忆。如果说，南京人对墙的情结是属于明城墙;对于河的情结是秦淮河;那么，南京人心里的那座山的情结就是紫金山了。

南京城墙以内的古秦淮河。

南京一个六朝古城，是中华文明的重要发祥地，具有浓厚的文化历史。它让人想起的总是“风花雪月”的秦淮名妓，飘逸风流的竹林七贤......因而，说到南京，不能不说秦淮河，说到秦淮河，不能不说夫子庙。

南京夫子庙是供奉祭祀孔子的地方，是中国四大文庙之一，明清时期这里是南京的文教中心，也是秦淮河风光的核心地带。夫子庙附近的河房和画舫就像郑板桥描述的“绮窗丝幛，十里珠帘，灯船之盛，天下无比”的盛景，许多名胜古迹、历史掌故、风流韵事，都发生在它的身旁，被历史文人骚客吟颂传唱。河房和画舫是夫子庙最有活力的象征，是追随着奏淮河缓缓流淌的一道风景线。夫子庙的最大特点是文化搭台，经济唱戏——它的文化是科举，经济便是吃喝玩乐;夫子庙的故事就是《儒林外史》，就是《桃花扇》。

南京最容易被人津津乐道的就是六朝繁华，旧时王谢堂前燕，飞人寻常百姓家，成了歌咏这个城市的基调。秦淮河是南京历史的见证，传说中六朝繁华的活标本。有才子，自然就有佳人，才子和佳人相遇，没有故事，也会生出一些故事。桃花扇底看前朝，于是有了李香君的香巢，有了柳如是和马湘兰的活动场所。可以说，才子和佳人成就了秦淮河的繁华。呵呵，秦淮河边读书人越多，商家生意就越好做。不舍离去的落第秀才越多，商家就越高兴。青砖小瓦马头墙，庙堂挂落花格窗。一家挨一家的店铺老板非常开心，比屋而居的妓院老鸨非常高兴。因此，夫子庙一带酒家青楼林立，这都是落第秀才的最好去处。

夫子庙灯会是南京延续了千年的传统民俗，早在三国时期，南京城就出现了在重要节庆，张灯结彩的现象，当时的彩灯多是由织锦制成，成本较高，能够扎得起彩灯的，还仅限于宫廷和少数富贵人家，到了两百年后的南朝，造纸技术发展迅速，成本低廉的纸张取代了丝织品被大量应用，灯彩艺术才得以迅速发展，走向民间。

南京不仅山美，水更很美，除了秦淮河，还有皇家湖泊玄武湖。

玄武湖原来只是一片沼泽湿地，三国时期引水而入，才成了后来的玄武湖。“玄武”是中国神话故事中的四神之一，它的具体形象是龟与蛇的复合体，青龙、白虎、朱雀和玄武共同代表著东南西北四个方位，其中玄武湖实际上就是北湖的意思。1391年，明朝开国皇帝朱元璋，在玄武湖的府库里存放“黄册”，这里成了明朝管理户籍与赋役资料的“国家级档案库”，被列为皇家禁地。

长江之上的南京首座大桥建成于1968年，它是长江上第一座由中国人自己建造的跨江大桥，它的建成曾被广泛持久地宣传，是那个时期最耀眼的建筑成就，也是中国桥梁建设的重要里程碑。如今，南京已有五座大桥，它们不仅是新中国技术成就与现代化的象征，更承载了中国几代人的特殊情感与记忆。

南京民国遗韵的天然的历史博物馆。

昙花一现的民国曾经是中国历史的一个重要转折点，西方文化、科技、思想的引进，中国旧的封建秩序的瓦解………因此，遗落在南京各个地方的民国建筑成了这段历史的重要载体，它们是近代南京在中国发展过程中的重要见证人。

南京民国建筑是指1912年-1949年的民国时期，包括官方和民间私人在南京兴建的各类建筑的总称。南京作为中华民国的首都，是“中外观瞻所系”，它的建筑物中，有相当一部分是在《首都计划》的指导下设计建造的，南京民国建筑不仅数量众多，而且涉及政治、经济、文化、社会生活等各个方面，类型齐全，反映了中国近代建筑的历史变迁。它们是穿越时空的城市精髓，是被遗忘的风景。

据有关部门统计，南京现存民国建筑有900处1500余座，堪称一枝独秀的“民国建筑大本营”，其中具有代表性的民国建筑有200多处，这些建筑流派纷呈，造型独特，风格各异。紫金山的中山陵、美龄宫、音乐台就是民国建筑的典型杰作。直到今天，民国建筑依然是南京城市建筑中的一大景观，那些有着浓厚民国遗韵的街区，哪条巷子都有故事，哪幢老房子都有说法，都令人驻足流连。所以说，南京就像一座天然的历史博物馆，无论你走到哪里，都可能和过去的事件和传说迎面碰撞。

位于长江路292号的南京总统府，是中国近代建筑遗存中规模最大、保存最完整的建筑群。总统府门楼是拥有百年历史的民国标志性建筑，在中国历史上留下了其特殊的地位，只要看过解放南京的老影片，走到这里，当年解放军战士爬上门楼顶，摘下国民党旗子的镜头就会出现在脑海里，这里成了中外游客到南京必去的打卡点之一。大门南立面是八根爱奥尼亚立柱，并镌有巴洛克线条;南侧是三樘拱形连顶缕空铁门，每拱两扇，向内开启，涂黑漆，中镀飞金，铰链、插销、铁锁、暗扣等五金大件从法国进口。北侧是方形，寓意“外圆内方”，又含“天圆地方”之意。

在南京，当你穿过大街小巷时或在某个角落，仍然会看到许多民国遗迹。在完全不经意间，有人会告诉你：这个位于南京长江北岸地方，是建于1914年的浦口火车站，当年津浦铁路的终起点就在此地，历来为南北交通要冲和兵家必争之地。它不仅具有独特的民国建筑，还蕴含着深厚的历史情节，孙中山灵柩运达南京、人民解放军发起渡江战役、朱自清《背影》中的镜头皆发生于此。90年代开始这里便永久性停止了客运，但近年来逐渐成为民国背景影视剧的重要外景基地，当年红极一时的《情深深雨濛濛》也曾在此取景。

还有人会告诉你：那个位于高校内的民国建筑群是原来的金陵大学建筑，现在是南京大学;原来民国金陵女子大学是现在南京师范大学;南京农业大学主楼前的石狮子、南京林业大学樱花深处永不褪色的老图书馆、南京工业大学“镇火”的天宝阁……都是民国时期的建筑。这一座座目睹过烽烟战火、故园重建的古老建筑，以一种高傲威严的姿势挺立、守望在这里。或许你曾经的母校没有这样的背景，如今，在南京的校园逛一逛，应该可以弥补某种缺憾。

有人说“一条颐和路，半部民国史”。上世纪三四十年代，这里是南京最集中的民国公馆区和民国党政军要员、富豪、外国人的花园别墅区，这片区域至今完好保存的老房子仍有200多栋，是旧时南京品位的象征。这些洋房千姿百态，宛如万国建筑博物馆。据统计，公馆区有蒋纬国、马歇尔、陈诚、顾祝同、汤恩伯、阎锡山、马鸿逵、汪精卫、杭立武、邹鲁、薛岳、胡琏、周至柔、钮永建等名人公馆18处。这里还有美国、加拿大、墨西哥、巴西、葡萄牙、印度、巴基斯坦、菲律宾等使领馆8处。这些名人故居和使领馆，其院落和建筑各有特色，它们各自有着自己的故事，刻录下了历史的变迁。

黄墙黛瓦的院墙一路伸展而去，一幢幢的老派洋楼掩映其间，没有修缮的痕迹，依旧是原始的状态。徜徉在这些中西合璧的百年老建筑之间，仿佛又回到那个新旧交替、绮梦幽幽的岁月。枝繁叶茂的老槐树为街道搭起一条绿色长廊，绿苔斑驳的砖墙无声述说着风雨的洗礼，尚未沾染上些许商业气的颐和路最适合怀旧不过了。

从浩浩长江的中山码头，到巍巍紫金山南麓，南京城内当年奉安大典所经过的道路，构成一条长约13公里的“中山大道”，因为道路沿线民国元素密布，有人形象地称中山大道为“民国子午线”。而中山北路、中山路、中山南路至中山东路则是国民政府的行政机构集中区，见证了近代历史上许多重大事件。南京民国建筑在造型、色彩和材料运用等方面，吸纳了西方建筑的艺术精华。宏伟高大的建筑无不透显出昔日的荣光。

现在中山路上当年响当当的名称：前国民政府立法院、监察院、“中央”饭店、前国民政府交通部、前国民政府外交部、前国民政府中央监察委员会、前国民政府海军司令部等民国建筑，如今依然矗立在这里。

民国已成往事，物是人非，留下的只是成片的民国建筑，路过的人又有多少人知道这里曾经住过的人，曾经发生的事呢。可能只有这一栋栋空荡荡的房子记得它曾经的主人，向人们诉说着那段历史，这也让我感受到建筑不仅仅是凝固的音乐，更是凝固的历史。

南京“秦淮河时代”迈向“扬子江时代”

超过一千万人口的南京，在地理位置上占有优势，加上本身发展成为都市圈的潜力高，因此，南京在人口、交通、地形方面都是占有优势的。南京是国内重要的交通中心，同时也是海运很河运重要的交换中心，是空、铁、海的交汇处。而长江的辐射能力也是南京的重要优势。

南京地处中国东部、长江下游、濒江近海，是中国东部战区司令部驻地，长江国际航运物流中心，长三角辐射带动中西部地区发展的国家重要门户城市，也是东部沿海经济带与长江经济带战略交汇的重要节点城市。

科教文卫方面，南京是国家东部的中心城市，这里的高校无论是在质量还是在数量上都还不错。而且南京经济在最近这几年中发展也在向着好的方向大踏步前进，工资方面也缩小了跟沪深这种城市的差距。

南京未来规划显示，将建设“一主一新”两个中心城区。中心城区是“一主一新”，即江南主城和江北新主城，形成“一江两岸”联动发展的新格局;南京将真正从倚重江南的“秦淮河时代”迈向拥江发展的“扬子江时代”。

总的来说南京的优势还是比较大的，这些主要集中在今后的发展上，相信南京也一定会在未来十年中超越更多的城市。

游客们大家好，我是你们的导游，我姓程，大家可以叫我小程。我将带大家去蜿蜒盘旋，气势雄伟的长城。

游客们，我们已经来到长城的脚下，它是在春秋战国时期修建成的。那个时候各国诸侯为了防御和抵抗北方游牧民族的南下侵扰，在各自领地上修筑了防御用的城墙加以修缮并且连接起来，就有了最早的长城。一起登上去看看吧!

你们还不知道这些小口是什么吧?这些就是射口，以前战士们可以在这些小口里，把枪口放出去打，这样既可以攻击敌人又可以保护自已。大家可以看到，每过100米左右就会有一个堡垒，那个堡垒可以互通信息，方便战士们及时地知道战况。长城为什么叫长城呢?是因为它总长超过2。1万千米。

我们先吃个午饭休息一下吧，我带你们去吃北京烤鸭。俗话说：“不到长城非好汉，不吃烤鸭可真憾。”

在大家吃饭的时候我给大家说一个故事。故事是这样的，有一个叫孟姜女的女孩子，知书达礼，伶俐非凡。她嫁给了苏州的范喜良。那年，秦始皇召集百万民夫修筑长城，范喜良也被抓去了。半年多过去了，已经是冬天了，可是范喜良还是杳无音讯。孟姜女决心千里去给丈夫送寒衣，到了那里才知道丈夫已经死了，她便哭了起来，哭倒了好多长城。好了，故事呢就讲到这里了，大家饭后就请自由活动吧!注意不要乱画乱涂，要保护历史遗迹。

时间过得真快，游玩时间马上就要结束了，大家请记住我小程哦!我们的公司叫飞鼠大变旅游公司，下一次再请我做你们的导游哦!再见!

南普院寺坐北朝南，依山面海而建，规模宏大，气势庄严，中轴线主建筑为天王殿、大雄宝、乐途殿、大悲殿、藏经阁;其中，天王殿位于寺院中轴线的最前端前殿正中供奉笑容可掬的弥勒佛，两侧立有怒目环视的四大天王，殿后有韦陀菩萨覆掌按杵而立，威武异常。殿阁依山层层升高，层次分明，俯仰相应。东西两侧依次升高的回廊，回护三殿两侧，使之成为一个整体。

大雄宝殿是整个寺院的中心，具有典型的闽南佛殿的特点，大殿正中供奉三世尊佛高大的塑像，殿后供奉西方三圣。大悲殿呈八角形三重飞檐，中间藻井由斗拱层层迭架而成，无一根铁钉，构造极其精巧;殿内正中奉祀观音菩萨，其余各面为48臂观音，造型优美、姿态多样;又因闽南信众均崇奉观音菩萨，所以此殿香火异常鼎盛。

天王殿前有广场，广场前为长宽均约30米的正方形放生池，和约百米长七八十米宽的莲花池。莲花池外围盖有琉璃瓦顶的矮墙，东西设对称重檐牌坊式山门，题额为“鹭岛名山”，系原中国佛教学会会长赵朴初所题。

寺内所有建筑，一律采用古代宫殿式的重檐飞脊大屋盖，饰以杏黄琉瓦，使之统一协调。再以石构围墙将全寺建筑群环抱起来，如散珠承盘，形成一个整体。藏经阁是中轴线上的最高层建筑，为歇山重檐式双层楼阁，一层为法堂，是僧人讲经说法的地方，二层为玉佛殿，内供28尊缅甸玉佛，并藏有数万卷古今中外的佛典经书及一些珍贵的文物。

王家大院位于山西省灵石县城东12公里处的静升镇(20xx年被命名为首批“中国历史文化名镇”)。距世界文化遗产平遥古城35公里、介休绵山4公里、十八罗汉头像海外回归故里资寿寺2公里，是山西省近年来以“名城、名山、名院、名寺”为优势，推出的一条精品旅游线路。同蒲铁路、108国道纵贯县境，大运高速公路灵石出口处距王家大院2公里，交通十分便利。

王家大院是清代民居建筑的集大成者，由历史上灵石县四大家族之一的太原王氏后裔——静升王家于清康熙、雍正、乾隆、嘉庆年间先后建成。建筑规模宏大，拥有“五巷”、“五堡”、“五祠堂”。其中，五座古堡的院落布局分别被喻为“龙”、“凤”、“龟”、“鳞”、“虎”五瑞兽造型，总面积达25万平方米以上。现以“中国民居艺术馆”、“中华王氏博物馆”和“力群美术馆”开放的红门堡(龙)、高家崖(凤)、崇宁堡(虎)三大建筑群和王氏宗祠等，共有大小院落231座，房屋2078间，面积8万平方米。

高家崖、红门堡、崇宁堡三组建筑群比肩相连，皆黄土高坡上的全封闭城堡式建筑。外观，顺物应势，形神俱立;其内，窑洞瓦房，巧妙连缀。博大精深壮观，天工人巧地利。于貌似千篇一律中千变万化，在保持北方传统民居共性的同时，又显现出了各自卓越的个性风采。总的特点是：依山就势，随形生变，层楼叠院，错落有致，气势宏伟，功能齐备，基本上继承了我国西周时即已形成的前堂后寝的庭院风格，再加匠心独运的砖雕、木雕、石雕，装饰典雅，内涵丰富，实用而又美观，兼融南北情调，具有很高的文化品位。

高家崖建筑群内的两主院均为三进式四合院，每院除都有高高在上的祭祖堂和两厢的绣楼外，还有各自的厨院、塾院，并有共同的书院、花院、长工院、围院(家丁院)。周边墙院紧围，四门因地制宜，大小院落既珠联璧合，又独立成章，其或隐或现，多种多样的门户，给人以院内有院、门里套门的迷宫式感觉。现在，高家崖各院厅堂及居室内，依照“尊卑分等，贵贱分级，上下有序，长幼有伦，内外有别”的封建礼制格局，将静升王氏家族历代流传下来的大量家什物品已分门别类地陈列于其中，基本上恢复了王家当年的历史风貌。

红门堡建筑群的总体布局，隐一个“王”字在内，又附会着龙的造型。除前堂后寝的院落外，为顺应地形，一部分又应变为前园后院。各院间有的富丽堂皇，有的曲幽小巧。其砖、木、石三雕，有些因出自乾隆早期，古朴粗犷，还保留着明代风格;大多数则同高家崖一样，皆清代纤细繁密之典范。设立于红门堡东三甲的中华王氏博物馆，是目前海内外惟一的王氏家族文化博物馆。

崇宁堡建筑群的总体建筑与红门堡相似，建筑意象为“虎卧西岗”的院落布局，整体建筑斜倚高坡，负阴抱阳，堡墙高耸，院落参差，古朴粗犷，近于明代风格。设立于崇宁堡内的“力群美术馆”，陈列着灵石籍当代著名版画家力群先生的全部作品，是力群总体艺术形象的结晶，它将历史地传之后世，并在文艺界产生深远的影响。

王氏宗祠分上下两院，功能齐全，设计考究，祠前有精雕细刻的“孝义坊”。宗祠作为王氏先祖灵魂栖息的家园，1998年以来，已有数千名海外王氏后裔相继到此观光并拜祖敬香。

王家大院作为我国优秀的传统建筑文化遗产和民居艺术珍品，开放近20xx年来，在海内外产生了极大的影响，被广誉为“华夏民居第一宅”、“中国民间故宫”和“山西的紫禁城”。另外，还有一个流传很广的口碑——“王家归来不看院”。

王家大院还是倍受关注的影视拍摄基地，近年来先后有《沧海桑田一百年》、《古镇大河》、《关中往事》、《熬年》和《吕梁英雄传》等十余部电视连续剧在此拍摄。-、-、-、-等当时和现在的一批党和国家领导人以及国际知名学者罗哲文、郑孝燮、阮仪三、余秋雨、王鲁湘等视察、考察王家大院后，都欣然题词赋诗写文章，给予很高的评价。

1999年，王家大院被评为“山西省十大著名优秀旅游景区”和“省级文明景区(点)”;20xx年，通过了ISO9000国际质量管理体系认证;20xx年初，王家大院被评定为国家AAAA级旅游景区和中国“质量万里行”全国示范单位;20xx年，被评为“中国(首选)十佳文明示范旅游景区”;20xx年，王家大院被文化部命名为山西省唯一的“全国文化产业示范基地”;20xx年，王家大院又被国务院列为“全国重点文物保护单位”。

Chers amis visiteurs,

Bonjour tout le monde!

Cest un plaisir de rencontrer des Amis du monde entier à maijishan.Je suisle Guide de ce voyage, Xiao Pan, jespère que nous ferons un bon voyageensemble.

La montagne Maiji est située à environ 50 km au Sud - est de Tianshui, dansla province de Gansu. Cest un pic isolé dans la montagne Xiaolong dans lesmontagnes Qinling en zone pittoresque couvre une superficie totale de215 kilomètres carrés, y compris la montagne maijishan, la falaise xianren, laporte de pierre, la rivière quxi et lancienne ville de Jieting.Les grottes demaijishan sont les principales reliques culturelles protégées en Chine et sontégalement des trésors dart mondialement célèbres.Des centaines de grottes et destatues de Bouddha ont été creusées sur les falaises, ce qui est très rare dansles grottes de notre pays.Descendons et regardons.

En entrant dans la zone pittoresque, quest - ce que le Mont Maijiressemble maintenant?La montagne maijishan est un relief typique de Danxia, avecune hauteur de 80 mètres. Il y a plus de 7200 statues de plus de dix dynasties,y compris la dynastie Qin, la dynastie Qin occidentale, la dynastie Wei du Nord,la dynastie Wei occidentale, la dynastie Zhou du Nord, la dynastie Tang sui, lesCinq dynasties, la dynastie Song, la dynastie Yuan, la dynastie Ming et ladynastie Qing, et plus de 1300 mètres carrés de fresques réparties dans 194grottes, qui sont célèbres comme les quatre plus grandes grottes de notre paysavec les grottes Mogao à Dunhuang, les grottes Yungang à datSi lon considèreles caractéristiques artistiques, Dunhuang se concentre sur les muralesmagnifiques, Yungang et Longmen sont célèbres pour leurs magnifiques sculpturesen pierre, tandis que maijishan est célèbre pour ses belles statues dans lemonde entier.Comme la loué le sculpteur Chinois Liu kaiqu, le Mont maijishanest ? un grand musée de sculpture dans toutes les dynasties de notre pays ?.

Tout le monde doit faire attention à la sécurité en marchant sur lapromenade.Ce que vous voyez maintenant, cest un ensemble de sculptures tailléessur une falaise.Au milieu dun Bouddha, jusquà 15 mètres de haut, deuxbodhisattvas se tiennent à gauche et à droite, souriant et accueillant lesvisiteurs.Cest aussi la plus grande statue de Bouddha du Mont Maiji.Ce que vousvoyez maintenant, cest le pavillon des sept bouddhas dans la grotte 4 la plusmagnifique.Il y a 42 statues de Bodhisattva dans 7 sanctuaires bouddhistes, quisont majestueux et aimables, magnifiques et non vulgaires.

Maintenant, nous arrivons à la grotte de la falaise Ouest, qui est la plusgrande des grottes 133 et grotte no 133 est la grotte la plus spéciale duMont Maiji.Il y a non seulement beaucoup de sculptures dargile dans la grotte,mais aussi 18 tablettes de pierre, et plusieurs tablettes de Pierre sontempilées avec des milliers de statues de Bouddha, qui sont appelées "dix millesalles de Bouddha".Les numéros 10, 11 et 16 sont lessence des tablettes.Lagrotte 127 est encore plus merveilleuse. Cette statue, sans parler du MontMaiji, est un trésor rare dans lart bouddhiste mondial.

Nous avons dabord visité la zone pittoresque principale du Mont Maiji, etnous vous remercions encore une fois pour votre soutien au travail de xiaopan!Bienvenue à Gansu et au Mont Maiji!

Merci à tous!

南山公园位于烟台市南部，坐落于海拔百余米的山腰，有着得天独厚的地理条件，仰望南山，层峦叠嶂，俯瞰北海，水天一色，自然景色迷人。早在1934年就因此处规模盛大的梨花盛会而得“烟台市第一游览公园”之美名。

南山公园占地20xx余亩，有公园区、花卉区、动物园、森林区和儿童游乐场五个主要分区，是烟台市主要的旅游、休闲景点，每年接待中外游客50多万。

公园区主要有人工湖、栖云阁、憩园等景点。节假日，约上亲朋好友三五人，到人工湖上泛舟，已成为深受市民喜爱的休闲方式。登上栖云阁，凭栏远眺，观山色、眺海景，大有“碧海青山来眼底都是秀色，诗情画意涌胸中尽成佳吟”之感，令人心旷神怡，流连忘返。

花卉区有盆景园、玫瑰园、牡丹园等几个区，四季鲜花不断，繁花似锦。公园与美国圣迭哥市友好合作而建的玫瑰园，内有各种珍奇的异国玫瑰，花开时节，姹紫嫣红、争奇斗艳。

动物园内有80多种动物，有国家一级保护动物30多种，国家二级保护动物40多种。目前公园已成功进行了多种动物的繁殖，包括东北虎、狮、熊、河马、孔雀、骆驼、狼、梅花鹿、马等。

森林区有植物近3万株，各类草坪9000平方米，有着绚丽多姿的森林景观和丰富的野生植物资源，为开展青少年科普教育活动提供了良好的条件。

儿童游乐场是孩子们欢乐的海洋，各种或有趣、或刺激、或益智的游戏，吸引着孩子们也吸引着童心未泯的大人们投入其中，寻找健康与快乐。

南山公园一年四季都会给你提供投入自然、放松身心的良好场所。春天，你可以到牡丹园、玫瑰园来赏花，可以登上栖云阁观山色远眺，看雪后银装素裹的山峦，看波涛汹涌的大海，可以带上孩子到动物园和森林里来，观察动植物们怎样过冬，增长知识，陶冶情操。

到南山公园来吧，带上你的家人，带上你的知心好友来吧，在这里你会度过一个轻松愉快的假日。

Ladies and gentlemen

Hello! Welcome to Chengde summer resort. Located in the north of ChengdeCity, the summer resort is an existing classical Royal Garden in China.

The summer resort is a symbol of the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong in QingDynasty. As the founders of the villa, Kangxi and Qianlong visited the south ofthe Yangtze River for six times, traversing the beauty of the scenery in theworld. In the construction of the summer resort, the advantages of many familieswere learned, and the style of Chinese north and south gardens was integrated,so that the summer resort became the summary and sublimation of Chineseclassical garden art. Chinese garden experts say that the whole summer resort isthe epitome of the beautiful rivers and mountains of the motherland. Why doexperts say that? I think ladies and gentlemen will answer this question aftervisiting the summer resort. However, I would like to remind you that the reasonis related to the topography of the summer resort. (the tour guide adoptssuspense method to stimulate tourists interest in sightseeing)

Ladies and gentlemen, the summer resort is here. Please get out of the car.Now Ill show you her style.

(outside Lizheng gate)

Ladies and gentlemen, the antique door in front of us is the main door ofthe summer resort, which is called the Li main door. It is the entrance of theQing emperor. The palace gate is three rooms wide, with two floors up and down.There are three square door openings in the lower layer, and a city platform anda que tower in the upper layer. You see, there is a stone plaque on the top ofthe middle door. On it is the "Lizhengmen" inscribed by Emperor Qianlong inManchu, Tibetan, Han, Uygur and Mongolian. It symbolizes that our motherland isa unified multi-ethnic country.

There are two stone lions on both sides of the door to show the majesty ofthe emperor. There is Yudao square in front of the gate. The road is paved withblue stones. There are stone tablets in the East and west of the square, onwhich are engraved in Manchu, Mongolian, Tibetan and Chinese characters:"officials wait to dismount here", so we call it dismount tablet. There is a redscreen wall to the south of the square, separating the Royal Garden from theoutside world. It is said that there is a golden rooster flying from Jiguanmountain in Hongzhaobi. In the dead of night, if you tap Zhaobi, the GoldenRooster will chirp. If you want to make a textual research, please come here atnight to listen. OK! Today, I invite you to be the "emperor" and go in and feelthe life of the emperor.

(inside the main entrance of Li)

Please look to the right. On the mountain in the distance, there is a hugestone pillar standing up from the sky, straight into the clouds. It is thick onthe top and thin on the bottom, which is very similar to the hammer used forwashing clothes. We Chengde people call it Bangchui mountain, and Emperor Kangxinamed it "qingchufeng". During the construction of the summer resort, this sceneis skillfully used to integrate the inside and outside of the resort, expand thesense of space, and create a new artistic conception. This is a successfulexample for the designer of the resort to use the garden art of "borrowingscenery". People who come to Chengde usually go to the mountain to touchBangchui mountain, because there is a popular saying in Chengde: "if you touchBangchui mountain, you can live one hundred and three years." If you areinterested, you may as well go up the mountain tomorrow to have a touch. It mustbe very interesting.

The palace in front is the place where the Qing emperor "worked and lived"in Chengde. Now Chengde people call it the summer resort Museum.

(in the exhibition room)

The first picture that comes to our eyes is the complete picture of thesummer resort, which is the full picture of the peak period of the Qing Dynasty.Summer resort, also known as "Rehe Palace", "Chengde Palace". It startedconstruction in 1703, the 42nd year of Emperor Kangxi, and was completed in1792, the 57th year of Emperor Qianlong. In the early and middle Qing Dynasty,several emperors came here almost every year to spend the summer and deal withgovernment affairs, usually in April and may of the lunar calendar, and returnedto Beijing in September and October. In fact, the summer resort has become thesecond political center of the Qing Dynasty. The whole villa covers an area of5.64 million square meters, which is about twice the size of the summer palacein Beijing and eight times the size of Beihai. The villa can be divided intopalace area and garden scenic area. The palace area is composed of four groupsof buildings: the main palace, songhezhai, Wanhe SONGFENG and Donggong. Gardenscenic area is divided into mountain area, Lake area and plain area. Themountain area is wide, accounting for more than 70% of the total area of thevilla. The villa is the essence of the national garden, with the characteristicsof Nan Xiu Bei Xia. There are 90 pavilions, 29 dykes and bridges, 25inscriptions on cliffs, more than 70 groups of rockeries and stones, more than120 groups of buildings such as temples, halls, temples, pavilions, towers andpavilions, with a total construction area of more than 100000 square meters.

The 36 scenes named after four words by Emperor Kangxi and the 36 scenesnamed after three words by Emperor Qianlong are known as "72 scenes of summerresort". Emperor Kangxi praised it as "the north pole with its own mountains andrivers, and the natural scenery is better than the West Lake." The palace wallof the villa is about 10 kilometers long. Because it looks like the Great Wall,we Chengde people affectionately call it "little Great Wall". Outside the palacewalls are the Royal temples built in imitation of the famous temples of allethnic groups in China. These temples are semicircular around the periphery ofthe villa, forming the trend of the stars and the moon, symbolizing that allethnic groups in the country were closely around the ruling center of the QingDynasty at that time. With the passage of time and the change of dynasties, thesummer resort has gone through many vicissitudes. After the founding of newChina, the villa has been reborn. Now it is a well preserved and large-scaleRoyal Garden in China, a world cultural heritage and a famous tourist attractionat home and abroad.

(coming to the second exhibition room)

Most of the pictures on display here are pictures. This picture of autumnMulan is eye-catching. Mulan, which means sentinel deer in Manchu. The way towhistle deer is that before dawn, soldiers sneak into the mountain forest,wearing deerskin and antlers, whistling at the mouth to imitate the call of amale deer. Autumn is the season for deer to mate and group. In this way, thefemale deer can be drawn out for shooting. "Means hunting in autumn. Thispicture is painted by Xinglong a in Qing Dynasty. It depicts the hunting sceneof the emperor more than 200 years ago. You may wonder why the emperor of theQing Dynasty led a large group of people to hunt here for thousands of miles.Because after the emperor of the Qing Dynasty entered the pass, the fightingcapacity of the Eight Banners who were brave and good at fighting in historybegan to decline. Some of them fled, some wounded themselves, sometimes oneperson was injured, and many people escorted them, in order not to go to thefront line. Emperor Kangxi realized that it was urgent to improve the quality ofsoldiers and consolidate the northern frontier. In this situation, EmperorKangxi personally led the Eight Banners out of xifengkou and went north toinspect, and set up a Mulan paddock for the purpose of practicing martial artsin Suiyuan.

The establishment of Mulan paddock was the product of the friendlyrelationship between the Qing Dynasty and the Mongolian and TibetanNationalities. It closed the relationship between the Mongolian and Tibetanareas and the Central Plains, strengthened the exchanges among the Manchu,Mongolian, Tibetan and Han nationalities, consolidated the northern borderdefense, and was conducive to resisting the invasion and expansion of tsaristRussia. The annual hunting lasted about 20 days each time. The emperorpersonally led officials of various government departments and eight banners ofManchu and Mongolian to participate. In order to meet the needs of a largenumber of people, accommodation, rest, savings and the emperors handling ofgovernment affairs, more than ten palaces were built from Beijing to thepaddock. Rehe is located in the middle of this northern patrol route. FromBeijing to here, the memorial ceremony is coming day and night. Moreover, theclimate here is pleasant, the scenery is beautiful, and the water and grass areabundant. So Kangxi decided to build a large palace here, which is Rehe palace.In this regard, Qianlong had a very clear saying: "our emperor built this villaoutside the Great Wall, not for his own travel in Henan, but for theconstruction of the world.".

History shows that the establishment of the autumn festival and the summerresort achieved the Emperor Kangxis political goal of "combining the internaland external heart and forming a solid career". Now lets look at this pictureagain. It can be divided into two parts: the imperial camp and the huntingground. The imperial camp was the place where the emperor lived and dealt withthe government affairs, and the hunting ground was the place where he actuallyhunted. When hunting, there was strict organization and discipline. After thesoldiers disguised as deer led the deer out, the sergeants gradually reduced theencirclement to the level of people side by side and horses with ears, but theycould not shoot at will. At this time, the emperor first came out to shootarrows, and then the princes, ministers and soldiers shot in turn. The pictureshows a deer hunting scene. Please follow me.

This second gate is called "Yue shoot", which is the place where theemperor watched the archery competition between the emperors son and hisgrandson. There is a plaque on the top of the door, which is written with fourgold-plated characters of "summer villa". It is the imperial pen of EmperorKangxi. This plaque is extremely beautiful and eye-catching. Perhaps you havefound that the word "avoid" in this summer resort is written one morehorizontal. Is it Emperor Kangxis mistake, or is there another reason )Thisgentleman (young lady) is right. It turns out that in the Qing Dynasty, when thetwo characters "Bi" were used at the same time, either way of writing wascorrect. This is a variant character phenomenon. Here Emperor Kangxi wrote itfor the sake of pursuing the beauty of calligraphy.

The two bronze lions on both sides of the gate are majestic. Speaking ofthese two bronze lions, there is a touching legend! It is said that during theAnti Japanese War, the Japanese invaders occupied Chengde and plundered it. Oneday, a group of Japanese soldiers found that the two bronze lions were beautifuland priceless. They wanted to take them away, but they were too heavy to carrythem. So they went to find tools separately. All this makes the old people inthe nursing home look in the eyes and feel pain in the heart. He thought thatthe bronze lion was the treasure of the country, and it must not be taken awayby the Japanese soldiers. He had an idea. He immediately got pig blood from thevillage and smeared it on the lions eyes. When the Japanese soldiers found thetools and came back, they found that the lions eyes were red, and they allcried blood. They were all stunned. They were afraid that moving the lion wouldbring them bad luck, so they ran away in a panic. This pair of nationaltreasures has been preserved until now. Now the pair of bronze lions have becomemascots in peoples minds. If you want everything to go well, dont forget totouch it.

承德导游词英语作文3

Dear friends

Hello! Today we visit Pule temple. Pule temple, commonly known asyuantingzi, is another royal temple built by Emperor Qianlong after PuningTemple and Anyuan temple. It covers an area of 24000 square meters with the eastfacing the West and the central axis facing the summer resort. The first half ofthe architecture of Pule temple is the traditional "Jialan Qitang" style of theHan temple, and the second half is the Tibetan form. The main building of thetemple, Xuguang Pavilion, imitates the praying Hall of the temple of heaven inBeijing. The layout of the building is different from that of ordinary temples,which breaks the pattern of traditional temples facing south. In the East, it isadjacent to the chime hammer peak, and in the west, it is opposite to the summerresort. It echoes with the Puren temple, Anyuan temple, Puning Temple, XumiFushou temple, Putuo Zongcheng temple, etc. in the eight outer temples, forminga pattern of stars holding the moon and bowing to the summer resort.

(in front of the Mountain Gate of Pule Temple)

Now we come to the gate of Pule temple. There is a pair of stone lions infront of the door. You see how well preserved they are. In the middle of themountain gate, there is a stone plaque inscribed with "Pule Temple" written byEmperor Qianlong in Han, Manchu, Mongolian and Tibetan Languages.

(entering the Mountain Gate)

The first thing you can see when you enter the mountain gate is the belland drum towers on both sides of the north and the south. Its function is thesame as the bell and drum towers of Puning Temple. I will not repeat ithere.

You see, there is a five room hall with a single eaves on the top of theplatform. Under the central eaves is a Yunlong plaque written by EmperorQianlong. In the center of the hall is Maitreya Buddha with a big belly. He hasa fat head and a big cheek. He is happy with his eyebrows and smiles. It seemsthat he is welcoming us. On both sides of the cloth bag monk are clay statues ofthe four heavenly kings.

The four heavenly kings, 8.38 meters high, are in sitting position. Thoughthey have been living for 200 years, they are still resplendent and magnificent,ranking second to none in the country. Behind Maitreya Buddha stands WeituoBuddha. Weituo is the Dharma protector of the Buddha and one of the EightGenerals of the southern growth heavenly king, ranking first among the 32generals (each of the four heavenly kings has eight generals). It is said thatwhen Sakyamuni Buddha came to Nirvana, the evil spirits took away the remains ofthe Buddha, and Weituo chased them in time and tried hard to recapture them.Therefore, Buddhism regards him as the God to expel evil spirits and protectBuddhism. Since the Song Dynasty, Chinese temples have worshipped Weituo, knownas Weituo Bodhisattva. They often stand behind the Maitreya Buddha statue andface the main hall to protect the Dharma and help monks.

(in front of Zongyin Hall)

When we enter the second courtyard from the Tianwang hall, we are presentedwith a hall with seven wide faces and five deep faces, with double eaves andglass tile roofs on Xieshan mountain. This is the main building of the temple"Zongyin hall". Zongyin means that Buddhism is the unchanging truth. In thecenter of the main ridge of Zongyin hall, there is a yellow glazed tile Lamatower, about two meters high. The base of the tower is xumizuo. The tower iscomposed of Chenglu pan, Xianglun, sun and moon. On both sides of the pagoda areinlaid with eight ornaments for Buddhas offering: wheel (Dharma wheel), snail(Buddhas sound is widely spread), umbrella (protecting all Dharma), cover(Buddhas power), lotus (not contaminated by worldly customs), vase (virtue isperfect), Pisces (freedom and liberation), pan Chang (Buddhist doctrine runsthrough all the time). In the center of the hall, there are three Buddhas: thepharmacist Buddha in the Oriental glass world, the Sakyamuni Buddha in theChinese dancing world, and the Amitabha Buddha in the Western Paradise. Thereare eight wood carved Bodhisattvas on the stone Xumi seats on both sides of thethree Buddhas: Manjusri, Vajrayana, Avalokitesvara and King Tibetans in theSouth; Puxian, Maitreya, void Tibetans and removing dirt and obstacles in thenorth. They are called eight Bodhisattvas. The eight Bodhisattvas are of thesame size. They are all carved in wood and painted in gold.

There are five auxiliary halls on each side of Zongyin hall. The Nanpeihall is called "Huili hall". In the hall, there are statues of Buddha, Vajrawith horse head, Vajra with subduing part and Vajra with anger. They are pink,blue, red, three heads and six arms, with human skin on the back and tiger skinskirt around the waist. The backlight behind is a five color flame, which issaid to represent five kinds of "wisdom". The north side hall is "Shengyinhall". Inside the hall is dedicated to the inner achievement of Vajra hand, theouter achievement of Vajra hand and the secret achievement of Vajra hand. It issaid that these three Buddhas are the images of Sakyamuni when he preached thesecret Dharma, and are the secret incarnations of Sakyamuni. So its also called"secret master".

(Shangcheng)

Dear friends, we now come to the "city" in the eastern half of Pule temple.The city is actually a Datura entity. Mandala is a transliteration of Sanskrit,translated as "Tan" or "Daochang". This is the place where the lamas practice,observe and teach the secret law. In order to prevent the invasion of "demons",the tantric sect of Lamaism drew a circle or built a high altar on the practicesite, on which the Buddha, Bodhisattva or scroll were placed. Only in this waycan we get the protection of Buddha and Bodhisattva and not be disturbed by the"demons".

The city is divided into three layers: the outer layer is a group of squarehouses. There are doors on all sides. Facing the west is the main gate, which isthree rooms wide and one room deep, with a single eaves resting on the top ofthe mountain. There is a Qianlong stele built in the gate hall. It is inscribedwith Qianlongs stele of Pule Temple written in Manchu, Han, Mongolian andTibetan Languages. The construction of Pule temple is not like that of PuningTemple and Anyuan temple. In view of specific historical events, EmperorQianlong felt that there was still a large space to be used from Puning Templeand Anyuan temple to the area of qinghammer peak. In order to make the overallrational layout of the temples around the summer resort, he built this temple."Pule" is derived from Fan Zhongyans "Yueyang Tower" in which "the worries ofthe world come first and then the happiness of the world come later". On bothsides of the original square courtyard, it has 72 single-layer Gallery room, nolonger exist.

The second floor is a square stone platform with battlements on the brickwall. A stone arch is built in the center of the platform, and there is acorridor between the arch and the gate hall. In the middle of the West arch,there is a stone plaque of "shewei Xianxiang" written by Emperor Qianlong, whichmeans that it is the same as shewei state, showing auspicious scenery. There arestone pedals on both sides of the arch leading to the bottom of the platform.The arches on the north and south sides are closed, with Buddhist painting axeshanging inside. There is a small hall at the exit of the pedal road from thepedal road to the top of the second floor platform. There are eight Lama pagodaswith the same shape and different colors in the middle of the four corners andfour sides of the top. The pagoda is divided into five colors: yellow, black,purple, green and white. These five colors represent the "five elements" ofland, water, fire, wind and air in Lamaism. The five color pagoda symbolizes thefive color land (the land of Chinas Kyushu is five colors), which means thatunder the heaven, is it the kings land. The eight pagodas are divided intoeight directions and serve as the merit towers of Sakyamunis "eight greatachievements" (Buddha, becoming Tao, turning the wheel of Dharma, manifestingsupernatural powers, benefiting the world, transforming monks, thinkingimmeasurably and entering Nirvana). It symbolizes the long-term and stable ruleof the Qing Dynasty.

The square stone platform on the third floor is surrounded by stonerailings. In the center of the platform is the main building "Xuguang Pavilion"in the second half of the temple. It means facing the rising sun in the East.This is a round pavilion with double eaves, yellow glazed tiles and a pointedroof. Its shape is the same as that of the praying Hall of the temple of heavenin Beijing. 12 eaves columns and 12 gold columns support the double eaves domein two layers. The square platform and the round roof show the ancient Chinesecosmology with a round sky and a round place. The building on the round stoneXumi seat in the center of the hall is called "Mandala", which is athree-dimensional "Mandala" model in China.

The nine palace grid on its base is made of 37 pieces of wood, representing37 kinds of knowledge of Sakyamuni. In the middle of the mandala, there is adouble bronze statue of the king Buddha of shangle. Shangle King Buddha, alsoknown as Shengle King Buddha, is also called "Huanxi Buddha". It is also named"Deqiao" and is one of the original Buddhas of Tantric practice of Lamaism.Tantric school advocates practicing secret law, that is, practicing through "thedoor of convenience" (yoga) to become a Buddha. King Buddha of shangle is theincarnation of King Buddha holding wheel, representing wisdom. Mother Buddha(female image) represents meditation. Only with "both wisdom and tranquility"and "both meditation and meditation" can one become a Buddha. The combination oftwo bodies is like the wings of a bird and the wheels of a car. Only in this waycan one become a Buddha, which is another form of cultivation in TantricBuddhism.

The top of Xuguang Pavilion is decorated with exquisite dragon troupe andPearl caisson. The carving is exquisite and glittering, which has high artisticvalue. come

(in the exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism)

Dear friends, now we are in the exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism. Thisis the gate hall on the north side of the city. Originally, there were 21 groupsof rooms beside the square gate hall. Now only the gate hall is left. Except forthe west gate hall, the other nine gate halls have been turned into exhibitionrooms.

Esoteric Buddhism, also known as esoteric Buddhism, originated in the latestage of the development of Mahayana Buddhism in ancient India, and has obviouscharacteristics compared with Xianzong. 800 years after Sakyamunis death,Buddhism was divided into Buddhism and Buddhism. Academia believes that EsotericBuddhism is the product of the combination of Mahayana and Brahmanism after the7th century. It was introduced by Indian master rinwatson in the early 8thcentury. He fought many times with Bon witches in secret law. Every time hedefeated some Bon witches, he declared that some stupid God had been subdued andnamed him the protector of Buddhism. The tantric Buddha statue of TibetanBuddhism is unique, which is not only the precious wealth of religious art, butalso the treasure of human body statue art in the world. Lets have a lookhere

Apart from the modern clay statues, they are all originally preserved inthe temple, which is hard to see in other temples.

What are the differences between Tantric Buddhism and Buddhism? There arethe following points: first, Tantric Buddhism takes Sakyamuni as its leader andattaches great importance to theory, while Tantric Buddhism praises theTathagata and pays attention to matters; second, Tantric Buddhism advocatespreaching Buddhism, meditation, enlightenment and self-cultivation, whileTantric Buddhism attaches great importance to inheritance, truth and mantra inorder to become Buddha; 3、 Xianzongs Classics mainly include scriptures, laws,precepts, and theories. In addition to tantric, there are eulogy, praise,Dharma, mantra, rituals, yoga, and seal of contract. Fourth, Xianzong has fourkinds of prestige: walking, living, sitting, and lying. In addition to tantric,it also needs to contemplate, follow the teachers instruction, abide by ritualsand practice procedures.

Tantric cultivation can be divided into four steps: Shimi, xingmi, yoga MIand supreme yoga MI. Master zongkaba, the founder of the Yellow religion,stipulated that the order of practice should be first obvious and then secret.Only the living Buddha who has obtained the degree of gexi in Tibetan educationis qualified to practice Esoteric Buddhism, which is passed on by master Vajraand practiced in the upper and lower esoteric schools. The practice of TantricBuddhism is accompanied by the imperial concubine Ming. Therefore, most of thetantric statues are double figures of men and women, which are called "joyfulBuddha" or "joyful heaven". Each of these statues has a Buddhist story orlegend, so they are three-dimensional fables of Buddhism. Because the joyfulBuddhas are all naked, they are men and women, so some people mistakenly thinkthat "joyful" refers to the sexual pleasure of men and women. In fact, these twowords mean fearless, angry spirit, transcending life and death, and gainingjoy.

(in the second exhibition room of Tantric Buddhism)

One of the most influential Buddhist statues of Tantric Buddhism is thebronze "King Kong of great power, virtue and terror" in the second exhibitionroom. He was a man and a woman, with nine sides, thirty-four hands and sixteenfeet. The nine faces represent the nine Sutras of Mahayana, the two hornssymbolize the two truths, the thirty-four hands with body, the thirty-sevenmeaning, the thirty-seven Bodhi Dharma, the sixteen feet symbolize the sixteenemptiness, and the combination of men and women symbolizes the great happiness.On the left and right, eight feet step on eight things and eight birds,symbolizing "80% of the Department" and "eight freedom". Nudity and nirvanasymbolize "no dust". Anger and uprightness symbolize "wonderful way". As for thejoyful Buddha image, there are such legends in sibunayega Dharma and JapaneseTantra of dongmi: the woman is the incarnation of Guanyin Bodhisattva. With herbeauty, she subdued the king who believed in Brahmanism and made him theprotector of Buddhism. This kind of saying is completely out of the secularattachment psychology. It is a difficult realm for ordinary people to reach todeeply study the essence of Tantric cultivation. It is to break the ignorance,cultivate the good root and obtain the right consciousness. There is amysterious veil about the true meaning of Tibetan secrets. No wonder we cantunderstand it. However, the artistic charm of these superb human figures isamazing to every tourist.

Also on display in the exhibition room are the prison master King Kong,riding sheep to protect the Dharma, joyful King Kong, auspicious HeavenlyMother, shangle King Buddha and so on. Please enjoy it freely.

Although Pule temple is a Lamaist temple, there is no Lama in it, but it isguarded by eight banners. This is the place where the Kazakh, Uighur, Kirgiz andother ethnic upper class people who come to the summer resort to worship theQing emperor pay homage and live.

Dear friends, this is the end of the tour guides explanation of Puletemple. Short time together, eternal memory, in your heart, my heart left a goodmemory. I remember a song like this: "when we surpass our dreams, we need toface them sincerely, let our life savor this moment, and let the years rememberthis time.".

Dear friends, goodbye!

The places of historic interest and scenic beauty are the Yu Garden,located in the northeast of Shanghai, old Chengxiang, North Road, Anren street,southwest and Shanghai old temple.

In the park, there are three famous stones of the south of the YangtzeRiver called the jade Linglong, the command point of the 1853 knives uprising,the spring hall, and the tourist attractions of Town Gods Temple and shoppingstreet on the side of the park.

Yu Garden began to open to the public in 1961. In 1982, it was listed as anational key cultural relic protection unit by the State Council.

Yu Garden was originally a private garden in the Ming Dynasty. It was builtin Jiajing and Wanli years. It has been over four hundred years as of 20__.

Pan yunduan, the owner of the garden, was the chief minister of Sichuan.His father pan en, whose name is Zi Ren, was named Lijiang. He was an officialin duchayuan, the censor of zuodou and the Minister of punishment. The panfamily was the wangmen family in Shanghai at that time. In 1553 (the 32nd yearof Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty), the nine mile long wall of Shanghai wasbuilt, which gradually calmed down the Japanese invasion along the southeastcoast. For more than 20 years, the people of Shanghai, whose lives and propertywere often threatened, gained a little stability, and the social economyrecovered and began to prosper. The literati built gardens one afteranother.

Pan en resigned in his old age and returned to his hometown. In order tolet his father live in his old age, pan yunduan began to build gardens onseveral vegetable fields in the west of the Shichun Hall of the pan familyshouse in 1559. After more than twenty years of painstaking efforts, Yu Gardenhas been built. "Yu" has the meaning of "peace" and "Antai". It is named "YuGarden" and has the meaning of "Yuyue old relatives".

At that time, the Yu Garden was over 70 acres, designed by Zhang Nanyang, afamous gardener in Ming Dynasty, and personally involved in the construction.The ancients praised Yu Garden "Qi Xiu Jia in Southeast" and "southeast famousgarden crown".

Pan yunduans family declined in his later years. Pan yunduan died in1620__ (the 29th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty), and his family graduallydeclined, unable to bear the huge expenses of garden repair and management. Atthe end of the Ming Dynasty, Yu Garden was made for Zhang Zhaolin. From then to1760 (twenty-five years of Qianlong emperor), in order not to annihilate thisscenic spot, some local gentry merchants gathered money to buy Yu Garden, andspent more than twenty years to rebuild the terrace and build the mountainstone. At that time, the East Garden in Town Gods Temple was East, that is,todays inner garden, and the Yu Garden was slightly West. Shanghai Yu Gardenancient pavilion landscape

In 1842, twenty-two years ago, the first Opium War broke out, and foreigninvaders invaded Shanghai. The British army took over the Yu Garden and ravagedit. In 1853, in response to the Taiping Revolution, Shanghai Xiaodao Societylaunched an uprising in Shanghai. After the uprising failed, the Qing soldiersburned and looted in the city, and the Yu Garden was severely damaged. Thebuildings such as the spring hall, the fragrant snow hall, the osmanthus flowerhall, the moon house and so on were all on fire.

In 1860 (ten years of Qing Xianfeng), the Taiping Army marched intoShanghai. The Manchu government colluded with the British and French invaders,took Town Gods Temple and Yu Garden as a garrison outside the army, excavatedstones and filled pools in the garden, and built western style military houses.After 1875, the whole garden was divided into more than 20 industrial andcommercial industries in Shanghai, such as bean and rice industry, sugarindustry, cloth industry and so on. On the eve of liberation, the Yu Gardenpavilions were dilapidated, the rockery collapsed, the pool dried up, the treeswithered, and the old landscapes were gradually annihilated.

Since 1956, Yu Garden has carried out a large-scale renovation, whichlasted for five years and opened to the public in September 1961. Now Yu Gardenoccupies an area of over thirty acres, with varied pavilions, lofty mountainsand trees, and green trees. It is beautiful and exquisite, exquisitely carvedand long, and has the characteristics of small and medium sized. It reflects theartistic style of the two dynasties Jiangnan garden architecture in Ming andQing Dynasties.

Yu Garden was listed as a municipal cultural relic protection unit in 1959.Yu Garden was opened to the public in 1961. In February 1982, it was publishedby the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Cuixiu hall was built in 1760. It is hidden deep in the north foot of therockery. It faces a cliff and faces a high wall in the north. It is surroundedby ancient wood and beautiful flowers. The environment is quiet and elegant. Youcan have a close view of the rockery by pushing the window in the hall. Nowthere is an antique shop.

"Gradually getting better" comes from the biography of Gu Kai in the bookof Jin, which is fascinating. The corridor is paved with stone slabs, with asmall bridge in the middle and geese on both sides. You can watch the scenery ofthe mountains and rivers. In the middle of the corridor stands a Taihu Lakestone peak, about 2.3 meters high and graceful, so it is called "beautywaist".

The iron lion of the Yuan Dynasty is located in front of the corridor of"getting better". Left female and right male, cast in 1290, the base bears theinscription of "Zhao Zhang, craftsman of Tongshan Town, Anyang County, ZhangdePrefecture" and "xigengyin, 27 years old from the state of yuan, October28".

Built with thousands of tons of Huangshi from Wukang, Zhejiang Province,the rockery was carefully designed and built by Zhang Nanyang, a famous mountainmaker in the Ming Dynasty. It is also his only surviving work. The height of themountain is about 14 meters. Pan Yunduans evaluation of the big rockery in thebook of Yu Garden is: "it is very pleasant to watch."

Yangshan hall is composed of five couplets. In the north, there is anambulatory and a curving sill near the pool. You can sit and rest. In the hall,there is a plaque of "here are lofty mountains" recorded in the preface toLanting by Wang Xizhi of Jin Dynasty. The name of juanyu building comes from thepoem "the curtain of pearls is rolling rain in the West Mountain" in tengwanggeby Wang Bo, a poet of the early Tang Dynasty.

Sansui hall was built in 1760 when the west garden was rebuilt. It is 9meters high. It is one of the main buildings in the garden. In the Qing Dynasty,it was a place for official celebrations and "preaching the oracle", and also agathering place for the local gentry.

The "famous Marine Park" was held in May 18, 1999 by Comrade __ of the CPCCentral Committee and __ and __ to celebrate the 440th anniversary issue of YuGarden construction.

Ginkgo tree is 21 meters high, with dense branches and leaves. It is saidthat it was planted by the owner of the garden for more than 400 years.

The four corners of Wanhua building have the pattern of plum, orchid,bamboo and chrysanthemum, and the four windows are leaky. There are many windingsills around the corridor. Beside the white wall, there are stone peaks andgreen bamboos.

There is a small pavilion at the east end of the corridor. When you lookdown on it, you can see the clear spring like a mirror. When you look across thecliff, you can see the stone peak standing on the wall. Facing the mountain andfacing the water, you can see the ancient peoples taste of "two suitable formountain and water". So its called liangyixuan. In the north there is abuilding named Yifang, which is shaped like an ancient boat.

The corridor is separated by a wall in the middle and can walk on bothsides. There are leaky windows of different shapes on the wall. From the leakywindows, you can see the terrace on the left and the peak stone on the right,just like a picture sketch. The west end of the corridor is connected with aSquare Pavilion. There is a plaque in the pavilion, which says "understanding isnot far away".

Around the Yule Pavilion, there are towering ancient trees. You can see thefish swimming in the pool by the fence. The watersheds on XieJian stream reflectthe characteristics of Jiangnan gardens. The stream is only a few feet long. Theflower wall divides the stream into two. There are leaky windows andsemicircular openings on the wall. Next to the fish Pavilion, there is aWisteria tree that has passed more than three hundred years of spring andautumn. In the early spring of each year, its branches are full of small whiteflowers.

Genial hall and Dianchun hall are separated from each other by water. Thehall is square and open around. A set of furniture on display in the hall,including tables, chairs, tables and decorative Phoenix and Kirin, are all madeof banyan roots and have a history of more than 100 years. There are stone stepsleading to the listening Oriole Pavilion.

"Da Chang Tai" is also called "Feng Wu Luan Yin". The stage is close to themountain and water. The eaves in front of the stage are exquisitely carved andpainted with gold and color. On the stone pillars around the stage, there arecouplets depicting the scenery of spring, summer, autumn and winter.

In the southeast of dianchuntang, there are lakes, rocks, rockeries,clouds, water and rocks, and deep caves. On the mountain, there are double-layerpavilions; the upper layer is called Kuailu, and the lower layer is calledYanshuang Pavilion. From Kuailu to the south, there are jingyixuan and TingliPavilion, surrounded by flower walls, forming a small courtyard.

Chuanyun dragon wall is located in the west of Dianchun hall. The dragonhead is made of clay, and the dragon body is made of tiles. There are alsoseveral dragon walls in the garden: Wolong behind the rockery, Shuanglong Xizhuin the west of the genial hall, and mianlong in front of the inner garden.

The whole building of Dianchun hall is a five bay hall with characterscarved on the fans. The beams and columns are of peculiar shapes and decoratedwith gold foil. After the hall, there is a water Pavilion in linchi, on whichthere is a plaque saying "feifeiyue". Dianchun hall was built in the early yearsof Daoguang reign in the Qing Dynasty. It was once the place for Fujian foreignmerchants to worship gods in Shanghai. It is commonly known as "HuatangGongshu". During the Xiaodaohui uprising, this was the headquarters of theuprising army in the north of the city. One of the leaders of the Xiaodaohui,the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, recruited Marshal Chen Alin to work here andissued a decree, which was called "dianchuntang mansion". After the failure ofthe uprising, Dianchun hall was seriously damaged. In 1868, it was rebuilt andcompleted in four years. There is a large traditional Chinese painting "swordview" by Ren Bonian, a painter of the late Qing Dynasty. On both sides of thepainting are couplets written by the calligrapher Shen Yinmo: "courage embracesemptiness, and heart is the source of essence.". The hall also displays theweapons used by the rebel army, self coined coins, sun and moon coins, as wellas the announcement and other cultural relics.

Because both sides of the pavilion are facing water, the meaning of"flowing cup and flowing water" is taken from preface to Lanting. On the side ofthe pavilion, there are three curved slab bridges, built with water. West ofSanqu Banqiao is Huanyun rockery. The mountain is made of Lake stones, withdeyuelou in the north and Qingquan in the West. There are springs in the cave,and streams flow out of the cave.

Baiyun district is one of the six municipal district of guiyang city, islocated in the middle of guiyang city, the north by the county, east, west,south and adjacent wudang district, southeast and yunyan district adjacent,connected with gold-sun new district in the west and western borders qingzhencorner. Is one of the nations largest aluminum industrial base. Rich in naturalresources, beautiful scenery.

Baiyun district rich in tourism resources. Baiyun park is one of the famouspark in guiyang city, the environment here is invigorating, top 10 landscapepark is blue. As the site of the international kite festival, she attracted manytourists from home and abroad, to baiyun district won the "China kite of thetownship", "weifang are north, south have white clouds" of reputation. Baiyunpark also hosted the world orchids expo bodybuilding championships and thenational fitness, the 19th Asian championships, international flower arrangingflowers firsthand and the first flower arranging grand prix and theinternational tea art, tea ceremony performance in guizhou and guizhous teaart, tea ceremony, grand prix, etc., make the baiyun district greatly increasedvisibility. Since the garden package for shanxi coal bosses open playground,from free to closed-end management of people in the park was missing a shade ofthe holy land at rest garden it shall not come into people. Long PoLing nationalforest park is also a must-see tourist destination. Park a total area of 1075hectares, is an important part of guiyang city green belt around the city,baiyun district and gold-sun is the new "green barrier", it has the best qualityin southwest of natural forest grassland, forest coverage rate is as high as82.96%, is called "ecological museum" guiyang, fresh air and made it a naturaloxygen bar "forest".

Park distribution for five scenic area, respectively, cherry blossoms lake,forest lawn, streams forest farm, two ethnic minority villages. Park set ofmountain, forest, water, grass, monuments to a body, with a quiet, beautiful,wild, kuang, ancient landscape features, such as is the ideal leisure vacation,popular science education, tourism, sports good place. Baiyun district also hasthe national AA level scenic spot of swan lake forest park (lake, willow droop,refresh. Billow the lake blue waves, Lin Ying cloud print, birds suddenly over,to leave a daydream. Spring, cherry blossoms in full bloom, red and white,tender is about to drip, inspiring --), jinshan temple and the Buddha, adultmountain ecological park (construction), air strange car site and otherwell-known scenic spot. New build mic stand township green fruits andvegetables, flower production base trip (such as baiyun district near the rosegarden is located in guizhou normal university, is the recent rise of thepopular and attractive leisure tourism resort, visitors here can hand-pickeddifferent design and color of the rose, is romantic and unique, the price ofeach flower is less than 0.5 yuan, very cheap) and aluminum plant tour ofindustrialization is also healthy and fashionable leisure tourism.

Baiyun district four seasons all appropriate travel. Baiyun districtsubtropical climate zone, changes in temperature air current strong alternately,monsoon plateau climate, summer without heat and winter without cold, in theannual average temperature around 14 ℃. The extremely pleasant climate, theenvironment is very beautiful, the four seasons is not clear, small temperaturedifference, is an ideal summer cold for many tourists.

In 1959, guiyang city government to set up McCauley, equivalent tomunicipal district level administrative units, baiyun district building resumedin 1973. Baiyun district history, although less than fifty years, the humanitiesatmosphere. This culture education career development quick, productivity wasfierce to increase science and technology, talent, a high efficiency. Guizhounormal university is located in baiyun district dam. Baiyun district there aremany famous schools and scientific research institutions, such as the fourfamous schools: baiyun 2, sug gested, baiyun no.6 middle school, and the whiteclouds in middle school.

大家好!欢迎大家来到美丽的西双版纳，我是今天带领你们游玩的程铭舒，咱们今天先参观植物，西双版纳有一片原始森林，森林里有动物，有植物，我要介绍植物了：

首先我要介绍的是菠萝蜜，菠萝蜜长在树上，长得很像榴莲，但是和榴莲不一样，榴莲很臭，而菠萝蜜却很甜很甜，没有一点臭味。另外我还要介绍的是香蕉，香蕉在西双版纳和菠萝蜜一样都很出名，西双版纳的香蕉，有的上上长，还有的向下长，在西双版纳大部分人都吃上上长的，很少吃上下长的，上上长的叫美人蕉，上下长的即使普通香蕉，美人蕉特别好吃。最后我要介绍的是一树成林的榕树，什么意思呢?就是你在一片宽广的一片草地上种上一棵树，就种一棵树，如果你给他足够的时间生长，他慢慢地就变成了一片森林，他是怎么长得能，他的树枝经像柳树一样垂下来，但是他和柳树不一样，有很多同学以为他们一样，其实他们不一样，柳树的树枝不种在土里，而榕树的树枝垂下下来了以后，它就长在土里了，慢慢的就变成树了，久而久之就可以成为一片森林，很神奇吧!

我要介绍的动物是大象，西双版纳有个野象园，里面有很多大象，这里的大象真厉害，可以跳绳、可以踢足球、等等还有很多，虽然大象可以跳绳、可以跳舞，但是不能去靠近他，不能去惹他，因为如果你真的惹急他了，它会伤人。

西双版纳是个美丽而神秘的地方，由于时间关系，就给大家介绍到这里，祝大家旅途愉快!

Dear friends

Hard work all the way! Welcome to Wulingyuan, the picturesque world naturalheritage.

The word Wulingyuan originated from the Tang Dynasty landscape poet WangWeiyis poem "a journey to Taoyuan". The poem reads: "people living inWulingyuan, but also from outside the pastoral." Wulingyuan is located in thenorthwest of Hunan Province, bordering Cili County, Zhangjiajie Yongding city inthe South and Sangzhi County in the northwest. The whole scenic area includesZhangjiajie National Forest Park, Tianzishan nature reserve and SUOXIYU scenicarea, covering an area of 369 square kilometers. It has more than 300 scenicspots, thousands of pools, lakes, streams and waterfalls, and tens of thousandsof rare animals and plants The beautiful, precipitous and dangerous landscapehas won the reputation of "scenic pearl". Before liberation, Wulingyuan was notknown by others because it was closed. It was not until after the Third PlenarySession of the Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China andunder the spring breeze of reform and opening up that Wulingyuan was able totake off its mysterious veil and show its wonderful appearance. In 1998,Zhangjiajie, Tianzishan and SUOXIYU were officially approved by the StateCouncil to form Wulingyuan area. In 1992, Wulingyuan was officially listed inthe world heritage list by UNESCO for its "special and world value". Since then,Wulingyuan has been famous all over the country for its magical and beautifulnatural scenery.

Next, we will visit Huanglong cave, Baofeng lake, and leave the countryfrom Suo Suo Xiyu. In the course of the tour, I will focus on the introductionof the boudoirs gate of Huangshi village, Tianshu treasure box, jinbianyan,Tianzi peak and Yubi peak in Tianzi mountain, Huanglong cave and Baofeng Lake inSUOXIYU scenic area.

Now lets go to Zhangjiajie National Forest Park. It is the first nationalforest park approved by the State Council in 1982. It is not only rich in forestresources, but also picturesque, with the reputation of "unique Zhangjiajie,located outside the five mountains of Huangshan". As far as plants areconcerned, they have a wide range of species, and the rare woody plants aloneare twice as high as the whole of Europe. Its forest coverage rate is 97.7%,known as the "world forest treasure house". On the landscape, she has "threethousand green peaks, eight hundred glazed water.". Enjoy flowers, her flowerseverywhere, there are flowers all year round. Watching animals, birds and beastspassing through the mountains, cicadas singing, birds singing and peoplewalking. Look at the specialty, like brocade carving, colorful new. Zhangjiajieis beautiful everywhere, unique scenery and new everywhere.

Welcome to Fenghuangshan scenic area! Im your guide. My name is X. you cancall me Xiao X. In order to make it convenient for you to visit, let me firstintroduce Fenghuangshan scenic area.

Fenghuang mountain is located 60 kilometers northwest of Dandong City. Inancient times, it was "the first famous mountain in Eastern Liaoning". Duringthe reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1821-1860), Fenghuangmountain, together with Yiwulu Mountain, Qianshan Mountain and Yaoshan mountain,was known as the four famous mountains in Fengtian province (now LiaoningProvince). Now it is known as "the famous mountain of the country" and "thefirst famous mountain of the Great Wall", with an area of 216.875 squarekilometers. Now the road we take is Shendan Road, that is, the road from Dandongto Shenyang. Shendan highway is about 280 kilometers long, and Fenghuangmountain is just next to Shendan highway. It is 60 kilometers from Dandong toFenghuang mountain, and 220 kilometers from Fenghuang mountain to Shenyang.

It takes about an hour to get to Fenghuang mountain from the entrance ofShendan highway. Id like to use this time to tell you something about Fenghuangmountain. We say that Fenghuang mountain is "the first famous mountain of theGreat Wall". To connect Fenghuang mountain with the Great Wall is not to boastFenghuang Mountain in the name of the Great Wall. Fenghuang mountain is indeedthe first beautiful mountain at the starting point of the east end of the GreatWall. Experts on the Great Wall have already proved that the starting point ofthe east end of the Great Wall is not Shanhaiguan, but Hushan in Dandong. Thenyou may ask, since the starting point of the Great Wall is Hushan, Hushan shouldbe "the first mountain of the Great Wall". And Hushan focuses on the Great Wall.I think you will agree with me.

Fenghuang mountain once had several names in history. As early as in thenorthern and Southern Dynasties, there was a "Wugu city" built here, and themountain was called "Wugu mountain". In the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties,when the "Bear Mountain City" was built, the mountain was changed to "BearMountain". Now we call Fenghuang mountain not because it looks like a Phoenix,but according to a legend: it is said that during the reign of emperor Zhenguanof Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of Tang Dynasty came to visit. ThePhoenix on the mountain danced, stood on the "ancestor worship stone" and noddedto Taizong of Tang Dynasty. Taizong of Tang Dynasty was very happy andimmediately gave this mountain the name of "Fenghuang Mountain". We all knowthat the emperor is a "golden mouthed jade tooth". Since then, more than 1300years have passed. It has been called Fenghuang mountain. The hole whereFenghuang flies out is called Fenghuang cave.

Fenghuang mountain is located in the remaining vein of Changbai Mountain,covering an area of more than 120 square kilometers. The highest peak is Zanyunpeak, with an altitude of 836.4. Fenghuang mountain is divided into Xishan,Dongshan, Miaogou, Gucheng, Yulong lake and other scenic spots. It is often saidthat Fenghuang Mountain has the characteristics of Taishan, Huashan, Huangshanand Emei. Among them, "laoniubei", "tiantianjue", "arrow eye" and other wondersare rare in the world; "Phoenix cave", "three churches", "Yipin cave" and otherancient caves are deep; "shanyunpuhai", "Tianchi in sight" and other tenlandscapes are changeable; "crane shadow on the stone wall", "Shenniang Wangfu"and other strange rocks are lifelike; "La tussah LIANLI", "Shenniang tussah" andother ancient trees are swaying; "Danquan", "Fengdong" and other springs areinexhaustible in the four seasons; "Magnolia", "Yuling", "azalea" and otherprecious flowers are fragrant in the four seasons; "Ziyang Temple", "DoumuTemple", "Guanyin Pavilion" and other ancient temples are solemn and simple;"Kublai tower", "liberation memorial tower", "ancient city base" and otherhistorical sites still exist; Seven peaks, such as "Jiangjun peak", "Shenmapeak" and "Jianyan peak", soar up to the sky; more than 40 cliff inscriptions,such as "high mountains and long waters" and "eternal Zhongtian", are quitepowerful. In this way, Fenghuang Mountain has become a natural and artificialbeauty, interwoven into a beautiful, harmonious and spectacular Chineselandscape painting. In spring, the mountain is verdant and the azalea is red. Insummer, you can enjoy the sea of clouds and listen to the sound of waterfalls.In autumn, the wind is beautiful. In winter, the snow and ice cover the pines.This poem is a true portrayal of Fenghuang mountain.

Because of the time constraint, we cant visit every scenic spot ofFenghuang mountain today. Id like to visit several representative scenic spotsof Xishan Mountain with you, so that we can have a glimpse and see the wholepicture. Now we stop here. Please get ready for climbing.

What we see in front of us is Ziyang temple. In the book, the origin of thename of Ziyang temple is explained as follows: "when you get up in the morning,you are exposed to the light of the sun. In the early days, the light of Xiyangwas purple. It was said that Ziqi came from the East. Taoism called XiyangZiyang and said that Ziyang was auspicious, so the Taoist concept was named"Ziyang". Today, we also come to Ziyang Temple early. Its a good opportunityfor us to "come from the East". It seems that this will bring us good luck andgood luck.

Ziyang temple is hosted by Fenghuang mountain, also known as Sanguan hall.It was first built in the early years of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, formerly knownas "Daning Temple". Later, it was also known as "Xiaoyao Temple". At first,monks lived in the temple. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to constantwars and chaos, there was only one old monk in Yongzheng period. After the oldmonk died, the temple belonged to Taoism. In the early years of Qianlong, TaoistLi Yongyi changed the temple to build a temple, and then called "Ziyang Temple".The Taoist temple was rebuilt in the 13th year, which was composed of Sanguanhall, dongxipeidian hall, bell and Drum Tower.

Now lets go into the Sanguan hall and have a look. In the hall of threeofficials, there are statues of heaven, earth and water. In the middle is TianGuan Yao, who can bless; on the right is di min Shun, who can forgive sins; onthe left is Shui Guan Yu, who can punish evils. If devout people worship infront of the three official statues, they will get rid of their sins and enjoythe blessings of heaven.

On the left side of the statue is the group sculpture of "yaochi jinnv"(legend), and on the right side is the group sculpture of "Eight Immortalscrossing the sea" (legend). On the east side of the main hall is the "Dharmaprotector Lingguan", warning the world that everyone is equal before the law,and the prince is guilty of the same crime as the common people. On the westside is the "Dharma protector land". The pictures painted on the walls are "Maguxianshou", "Dayu Zhishui", "emperor zhanchiyou" respectively“ Shennong taste ahundred herbs "(legend), these legends can take you to the distant ancienttimes, lift your continuous nostalgia. As the partners of Ziyang temple, thelegends of the four ancient pines outside the temple have been guarding Ziyangtemple for half a century. The ancient pines and the ancient temples reflecteach other, making Ziyang Temple more solemn and simple.

The Liberation Monument was built in 1947 to commemorate the liberation ofNortheast China. Climbing from the tower to the mountain, there are "one hundredsingle eight pairs" of stone steps. The road to the top is divided into twopaths. Along the road to the right, we come to the "three churches". The door ofthe "three churches" is made up of two big stones, and the top of the church isa whole stone slab which is stuck on the two walls. Now lets go to see what isextraordinary about these three immortals and saints? What is the light ofwisdom of Chinese philosophers shining on the foreheads of Laozi and Confucius?We can see that the main hall in the hall is paved with stone steps, whichgradually go up. When the steps are put up, there is a huge stone standing ontop of the statue of "Three Religions". It turns out that Buddhism and Taoismcant be believed at the same time, but "three religions have the same origin"has its historical reasons. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Huizong ofthe Song Dynasty worshipped Taoists and called himself "the Lord of Taoism, theemperor of Taoism".

Although the emperors of Yuan Dynasty believed in both Buddhism and Taoism,the mixture of Buddhism and Taoism began to decline in the early Ming Dynasty.After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, because of the emperors advocacy, thepreaching of alchemists and monks, and the participation of Buddhists,Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism became a huge, complex and chaotic polytheism.It can be seen that the "three churches" were built after the end of theNorthern Song Dynasty. There are two holes on the left and right in the threechurch cave. To the left is the "tongxuan cave". After drilling through the"tongxuan cave" and passing through the "Tongtian Biequ", after getting out ofthe cave, climbing the hanging wall is the "Guanyin Pavilion".

At the top of this huge stone, there was a chair like depression that couldonly accommodate one person, which is the Guanyin seat. Why does Guanyin sithere? Because there are many deities and Buddhas living in its cave, and thereare many different sects, it is inconvenient for her to practice the skillsthere, so she changed the place of meditation to here. Over time, the rock wasset in a pit. Guanyin Bodhisattva often teaches magic, preaches scriptures andpreaches to the flute here. The believers feel very uneasy. In order to begrateful and praise virtue and show the sincerity of respecting the teacher, atemple has been built on the rock on the right, which is now the GuanyinPavilion. From then on, faithful men and women went back and forth likeshuttles, worshiping and offering incense.

Guanyin pavilion was built in the reign of emperor Shenzong of MingDynasty. It is divided into two layers, one for Guanyin and the other forWeituo. "Guanyin" is the name of a Buddhist Bodhisattva. According to theBuddhist "Dharma Sutra · Pu men pin", if all the dead people recite their name,that is "Guanyin", the Bodhisattva immediately observes their voice and goes torescue and extricate themselves. According to this statement, "Guanyin" isparaphrased. Later, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, taboo the word"Shi", so he had to omit "Shi" and change it to "Guanyin". It is said thatGuanyin was originally male and female. Guanyin began in the northern andSouthern Dynasties, and there are many legends about Bodhisattvas with thousandsof hands and thousands of eyes and giving away children and wealth. As for the"pure water bottle" and the "willow branch" in Guanyins hand, they wereoriginally the meaning of universal Buddhism and a symbolic "prop".

Later, it became a magic weapon to control the weather in the world, apanacea to treat all kinds of diseases. Wei Tuo is a Buddhist God. His surnameis Wei and his name is Hun. He is one of the Eight Generals of the southernChangtian king, ranking first among the 32 generals of the four heavenly kings.Now we come to Phoenix cave. There is a doggerel when visiting FenghuangMountain: "come to Fenghuang mountain, explore Fenghuang cave, climb arrow eyepeak, and enjoy endless scenery.". When it comes to Fenghuang mountain, you haveto experience the interesting Fenghuang cave and climb the famous "arrow eyepeak".

It seems that climbing arrow eye peak is too difficult. As the saying goes,"the mountain is not high, there are Fairy Spirit.". We have worshipped manyimmortals. It can be said that the aura of Fenghuang Mountain has beenappreciated. Now we go into Fenghuang cave to find out. I dont think we haveany regrets. It is said that Phoenix cave is the habitat of Phoenix, whichcontains phoenix eggs. When Emperor Taizong visited Fenghuang mountain,Fenghuang flew out of the cave to worship his ancestors. Phoenix cave is about200 meters long. After entering the cave, the sky is bright, and the darker yougo, you need to hold a candle. OK, now we have the lighting tools ready. Letsexperience the Phoenix cave. The temple between Guanyin Pavilion and Doum palaceis Bixia palace, also known as Niangniang Temple. The palace was built in 1824and restored in 1982. It is called "three Notre dames", "Empress of descendants"and "Empress of vision".

"Three Notre dames" refer to the goddess of heaven, that is, thegrandmother of King Wen of Zhou; the goddess of heaven, that is, the mother ofKing Wen of Zhou; the goddess of heaven, that is, the wife of King Wen of Zhou,and the mother of King Wu of Zhou, that is, the "virtuous wife Liang Ping", whoenjoys a position among the faithful men and women. Many people come to paytribute and burn incense for good luck. The temple built on guanshengtai isDoumu palace. Doumu palace was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that it wasdonated by women. It was rebuilt in 1753. It contains an eight handed statue of"Yuanming Daomu Tianzun". It is said that it is the mother of the Big Dipper.This kind of three eyed and eight armed statue is very common in Buddhism, butit is rare among Taoist gods, which makes it very different.

According to Beidou benmingjing, no matter how poor, humble and unlucky youare, as long as you sincerely worship Doumu and recite her name, you will beable to eliminate disasters and diseases, prolong your life and be blessed. Thenext item on our agenda today is to have dinner at Fenghuang villa in Dongshanscenic area.

(return) it is called "Phoenix does not fall without treasure". It seemsthat Fenghuang mountain is indeed a treasure land. Otherwise, how couldFenghuang live here? How could the emperor admire the name of touring? Fenghuangmountain is a mountainous tourist scenic spot with natural landscape as the mainbody, peak caves, temples and historic sites as the main features. The charmingscenery has formed a natural tourist attraction since ancient times. Monkstravel around, emperors and generals travel around, celebrities travel inFenghuang mountain, leaving behind historical relics and beautiful legends.

In recent years, with Dandong speeding up the pace of opening up, FenghuangMountain has also attracted more and more visitors to Dandong. At ordinarytimes, the peak number of tourists can reach more than 200000. At present, ithas received tourists from more than 30 countries and regions. Every April 28 ofthe lunar calendar, people are everywhere at the root and the top of Fenghuangmountain. Its really a sea of people. When the flow of people is the most, itcan reach four or five hundred thousand people a day. They all come to rush tothe mountain and visit the temple, also known as Fenghuangshan temple fair. Onceupon a time, the annual "medicine king temple fair" was held in FenghuangMountain by Qing Kai envoys. That is to say, on April 28 of the lunar calendar,Sun Simiao, a famous pharmacist of the Tang Dynasty, was sacrificed.

On the 27th, the statue of the "king of medicine" toured the streets. Onthe 28th, people visited the mountains and temples to pray for his earlyrecovery or safety. As more and more people entered the temple to burn incense,the merchants took advantage of this opportunity to start business. Artists alsocome to show their skills. At this time, the spring is warm and the flowers areblooming, and the mountains and rivers are different. The people who visit thespring also choose this day to enjoy themselves.

This tradition has been carried on for a long time. Whats different isthat this activity has become a large-scale mass material exchange meeting,which lasts from April 26 to April 30 of the lunar calendar. Today, although wehavent finished the tour of Fenghuang mountain, we all have a certainunderstanding of the general situation of Fenghuang mountain. After a hardmorning and just having lunch, we have a short rest. Lets learn from each otherif you have any problems. Ill learn from you. OK, thank you.

亲爱的游客朋友们： 大家好!

我是你们本次的导游，我叫哈柄旭。你们可以叫我小哈。我是一个活泼的人，大家不必拘束哦!那么下面我们就进行为期一天的北陵之旅吧!

北陵公园简介(1分钟)

北陵又称清昭陵是清朝第二代开国君主太宗皇太极以及孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓，占地330万平方米。1643年(清崇德八年)清太宗皇太极和孝端文皇后博尔济吉特氏的陵墓昭陵建成。1920_年，奉天省政府将清昭陵辟为公园。昭陵是沈阳名胜古迹之一，是我国古代建筑的精华，也是汉满蒙民族文化交流的典型。1982年国务院公布清昭陵为第二批全国重点文物保护单位。

方城是陵园的主体部分，结构与福陵的方城相似。北陵既有古老的传统建筑，又有现代化游园设施，置身园中，抚今追昔，令人感慨万千。它是国内外游人来沈必游之地。清昭陵内古松参天，有许多地方值得观看，像赑屃驮石碑、角楼、后山的陵墓等都是值得一去的地方。

陵墓占地面积16万平方米，是清初“关外三陵”中规模最大、气势最宏伟的一座。位于沈阳古城北约十华里，因此也称“北陵”，是清代皇家陵寝和现代园林合一的游览胜地。园内古松参天，草木葱茏，湖水荡漾，楼殿威严，金瓦夺目，充分显示出皇家陵园的雄伟、壮丽和现代园林的清雅、秀美。昭陵除了葬有帝后外，还葬有关睢宫宸妃、麟趾宫贵妃、洐庆宫淑妃等一批后妃佳丽，是清初关外陵寝中最具代表性的一座帝陵，是我国现存最完整的古代帝王陵墓建筑之一。

公园(10秒)

昭陵的另一特色是漫漫数里的古松群。现存古松二千余棵，松龄达三百多年，摇曳挺拔，参天敝日。这些苍翠的陵松在金瓦红墙中构成昭陵又一壮丽景观，其中的“神树”、“凤凰树”、“夫妻树”、“姐妹树”、“龟树”等更是别具特色。

清昭陵正门+主体(40秒)

沈阳昭陵陵区建筑布局大致是这样的：陵区四周设有红、白、青三种颜色界桩，南北狭长，东西偏窄。陵区最南端是下马碑，其次，为华表和石狮。往北是陵寝正门——正红门，此门周围是环绕陵区的朱红围墙，又叫“风水墙”。正红门内有一条南北笔直的石路叫“神道”，神道两侧由南往北依次立有擎天柱柱一对，石狮子一对，石獬豸一对，石麒麟一对，石马一对，石骆驼一对，石象一对。这些石兽统称“石象生”。最北边是月牙城，月牙城正面有琉璃影壁，两侧有“蹬

道”可上下方城，月牙城之后是宝城、宝顶，宝顶之内为地宫。宝城之后是人工堆起的陵山——“隆业山”。另在陵寝西侧、与宝顶遥遥相对还有一组建筑叫“懿靖大贵妃、康惠淑妃园寝”，是安葬太宗众妃的莹地。除此之外，在陵寝东西两翼各三里许有陪葬墓。

总的来看，沈阳昭陵主体建筑仍保存至今，地下基础完好，规划、布局依然完整，古建筑与遗址未受后人过多的干预与改变，自然环境也基本保持原始状态，真实性与完整性程度很高。

皇太极历史(1分钟)

爱新觉罗·皇太极，即清太宗，清太祖爱新觉罗·努尔哈赤第八子。清初杰出的军事家、政治家，后金第二位大汗、清朝开国皇帝。自少年起常随父兄狩猎和征战，骑射娴熟。天命十一年(1620_年)努尔哈赤去世后，皇太极受推举袭承汗位，改次年为天聪元年。皇太极即位之后进行大刀阔斧的封建化改革，加强中央集权;在战略上定先征服朝鲜和漠南蒙古，以解除攻明后顾之忧的战略方针。对明则采纳汉族降官建议，确立讲和与自固之策，重用汉将，削弱明朝实力，志在入关夺取全国政权。[2]

崇德元年(1636年)，在盛京(今沈阳)称帝，建国号大清，并且迫使李氏朝鲜臣服于清朝。在崇德六年(1642年)的松锦大战中生俘洪承畴，自此明朝关外精锐丧失殆尽，宁锦防线彻底崩溃，清军入关已成必然之势[3]。崇德八年(1643年)，皇太极猝死于清军入关前夕，未能实现夺取全国政权的夙愿。皇太极前后在位20_年。他在位期间，发展生产，增强兵力，不断对明朝作战，为下阶段清王朝迅速扩展入主中原，打下了坚实的基础。庙号太宗，谥号应天兴国弘德彰武宽温仁圣睿孝敬敏昭定隆道显功文皇帝，葬于沈阳昭陵。死后其第九子福临即位。

皇太极和博尔济济特一个姑姑两个侄女(1分钟)

他这一生娶了十五位妻子，但博尔济济特家族的三位女性在历史上尤为显得重要。孝端文皇后(1599年05月31日-1649年05月28日)，博尔济吉特氏，名哲哲，清太宗爱新觉罗·皇太极皇后，蒙古科尔沁贝勒莽古思之女。

孝庄文皇后(1620_年-1688年)，博尔济吉特氏，名布木布泰(亦作本布泰，意为“天降贵人”)，蒙古科尔沁部(在今通辽)贝勒博尔济吉特·布和之次女，孝端文皇后之侄女。崇德三年生皇九子福临(顺治帝);崇德八年(1643年)，顺治帝即位后，与其姑孝端文皇后两宫并尊，称圣母皇太后;顺治八年(1651年)上徽号曰昭圣皇太后;康熙帝即位后尊为太皇太后;

敏惠恭和元妃(1620_年-1641年)，博尔济吉特氏，名海兰珠。生于万历三十七年，为蒙古科尔沁贝勒寨桑之女，亦孝端文皇后之侄女。天聪八年(1634

年)，时年二十六岁海兰珠入清宫。而早在天命十年(1620_年)，她年仅十三岁的妹妹布木布泰(即孝庄文皇后)就已嫁给了皇太极。崇德元年(1636年)，皇太极册封五大福晋时，封为关雎宫宸妃，为四妃之首，仅次于姑母哲哲，位次比妹妹本布泰(庄妃)高出两个等级。。海兰珠的封号和她所居宫室的名称，充分表达了皇太极对海兰珠的由衷喜爱。宸妃深受皇太极宠爱，两人感情极深。崇德二年七月初八日(1637年8月27日)，宸妃生下皇太极第八子。皇太极为此大赦，这是立太子时才会有的举措。母子最受皇太极宠爱。但此子未命名，就于崇德三年正月廿八日(1638年3月13日)逝世，不满周岁。崇德六年，宸妃逝世。

皇太极亲临松山之战前线指挥作战期间，宸妃患病，得知此事的皇太极安排好一切急忙往回赶。可惜还未赶到时，噩耗已至。此后，皇太极虽百般体贴，多方抚慰，但本就时有微恙的宸妃，又遭受丧子之痛，始终难以恢复健康。从此这位身体一直健壮的皇帝忽而昏迷，忽而减食。崇德六年(1641年)以后，皇太极因身体不好，曾发布过大赦令，也减少了处理日常事务的负担，甚至做过祈祷。崇德八年(1643年)八月初九日，皇太极猝死于盛京后宫，年52岁。

皇太极和多尔衮(40秒)

爱新觉罗·多尔衮(1620_年11月17日—1650年12月31日)，清太祖努尔哈赤第十四子，皇太极的弟弟。

天命十一年(公元1620_年)努尔哈赤驾崩，皇室中争夺皇位的行动都在秘密进行，争夺最激烈的就是多尔衮与皇太极。先帝在位时，多尔衮的母亲阿巴亥深受其宠，她自然也有让多尔衮称帝的想法。但是在当时的情况下，无论从年龄与实力来讲，多尔衮与皇太极都相差甚远，后来阿巴亥被迫殉葬，多尔衮也受到了很大的打击。在这种情形下，多尔衮完全可以把皇太极当作最大的敌人，但是多尔衮清醒的认识到自己要想活命，以后为母亲伸冤以及自己有所作为，现在就必须委屈求全，尽心尽力辅佐皇太极，得到皇太极的信任。皇太极能在众皇子中脱颖而出，除了心狠手辣，自然也有过人的胆识和能力，在防备的同时，他也重用多尔衮，把他视为自己的左右手，也化解了多尔衮心中的一部分怨恨。(皇太极死后为了大清的团结和安定，多尔衮也没有和豪格正面争夺皇位，这都是和皇太极的心计分不开的。)

皇太极死后，此时的多尔衮已有众多的支持者，他也被皇室公认为最有才能的人。多尔衮做皇帝的美梦现在又死灰复燃，多尔衮为了摸清各大臣的态度，就去询问索尼对皇位继承的意见，不料索尼一点也不给多尔衮面子，直接说：“先帝有皇子在，必立其一。”多尔衮碰了一鼻子灰走了。

多尔衮不得不重新考虑是否争夺这个皇位。并且他还面临着一个强大的对手----豪格。豪格是皇太极的长子，凭借父亲的余荫加上多年来的南征北战，豪格也立下了赫赫战功，这些条件都是他继承皇位的极有利条件。多尔衮与豪格一直关系都不是很好，如果豪格做皇帝，多尔衮肯定不愿意，如果多尔衮做皇帝豪格也不会答应。两方互不相让，谁都没有绝对的优势压倒对方。对于谁主动用武力解决都是一步险棋。多尔衮看局面僵持不下，就提议让皇太极之子福临即位，这样一提连豪格也没有话说了，所以此时多尔衮也没有称帝。多尔衮在辅佐福临的时候，虽然以“周公”自居，但实际的做法和真正的周公都相差十万八千里。他重用宗室、擅权执政、暗箱操作等等都表明多尔衮的野心一直都在。

综上所述，我们不难看出两点：其一，多尔衮一直存在称帝的美梦，但是权衡利弊，而没有盲目行动。其二，多尔衮在称帝美梦破灭的情况下，才自封“周公”，寻找心理安慰罢了。我们这里仅对多尔衮在称帝方面的事进行探讨，中肯的说，多尔衮对大清的统一仍然起了不可磨灭的作用。

结束语(15秒)

我们今天的北陵之旅就到此结束，大家可以到公园内进行散步游玩，拍照留念，下午四点准时在公园门口集合哦!祝大家玩得开心，同时也要注意安全哦!

海南旅游景点导游词

海南岛是中国理想的天然盐场，其中莺歌海盐场是中国南方少有的大盐场。小编为大家准备了一些导游词精选，希望大家喜欢。谢谢支持。

吊罗山森林公园旅游景点导游词

朋友们，吊罗山位于陵水县西北部与琼中县交界处，是海南五大林区之一，也是我国珍稀的低地原始热带雨林区之一。这里距东线高速公路陵水县出口处20公里，交通十分便利。总面积3.8万公顷，主峰三角山海拔1499米。1984年由广东省人民政府批准建立热带雨林保护区，1998年6月被国家林业局批准为国家级森林公园。

吊罗山林区属热带海洋季风气候，年降雨量高达2160毫米。盘旋上山，天气忽阴忽晴，极像小孩子的脾气，说变就变。才见倾盆暴雨，一会儿却又晴朗一片;而前方，仍是雨雾朦朦。这是原始热带雨林独有的气象，一日之中便可体会一年四季不同的变化。

吊罗山是我国乃至世界一处难得的热带植物金库，植物种群极为丰富，达3500多种，仅兰花就有250多种。进入海拔600米以上的山路以后，便可见到与侏罗纪的恐龙同年代的国家一类保护植物桫椤。这种植物进化至今已有三亿七千万年的历史了。还有国家二三类保护植物猪白术、坡垒、紫荆等珍稀树种遍布在60万亩的林区中。这里有112种鸟，34种动物，375种蝴蝶。

吊罗山观瀑令人荡气回肠。出陵水县城向西，在婉蜒的盘山公路上行车半个小时，越过绿树环抱如高山云海一般的小妹湖水库，很快便到了托南日瀑布的入口处。寻声前行，70多米高的瀑布便映入眼帘，犹如一条硕大的白练，从碧空飞泻而下，悬挂于叠翠重岩之中，极为壮观。巨大的落差，在山脚形成一个墨绿的"仙水潭"，蓄积盈满后弯曲欢歌而去。潭水清幽，深不可测。四周山花漫野，鸟啼声声，与飞瀑交响，令人沉醉。乘车继续西行一小时，枫果山瀑布又到了。瀑布落差达200米，分15节，有的单幅，有的多幅，宽窄不一，缓急不同，全长约1.5公里，幅宽约30米。枫果山瀑布群四周是茂密的原始森林，林间溪流汇成涌泉浩浩荡荡地从断崖上跌右而下。据专家考证，这是海南第一瀑布，其状如水布，声似洪钟，震撼沟谷，场面之壮观，气势之恢宏，令人大开眼界。这里目前交通不便，是探险游的好去处。此外还有姐妹潭瀑布、仙女潭瀑布、小妹潭瀑布等，皆可令人留连忘返。

从山脚下的吊罗山林业局出发，盘旋18公里上山，在海拔900米处的原始森林边缘有吊罗山度假村。这里常年气候凉爽，平均气温为20摄氏度，盛夏时气温比沿海平原低6至8摄氏度，是理想的避暑胜地。度假村背后有青山无数，山腰缭绕着片片朦胧轻盈的云雾，似散非散，一直在变幻流动，犹如白衣仙子在腾云驾雾，如梦如幻。

如果您到吊罗山或别的热带雨林去探险考察，请您注意观察印证热带雨林的六大奇观：根抱石、高板根、古藤缠树、老茎生花、空中花篮、绞杀。这些我们留待游尖峰岭时再解说吧。这里的景点都是原生景点，没有任何人工痕迹，是为真正热爱大自然者准备的一份厚礼。

东寨港红树林旅游景点导游词

各位朋友们，大家好。现在我们来到海口市演丰镇的东寨港红树林自然保护区。有朋友会问，这红树林为什么不是红色的，而是绿色的呢?

因为，这些生长在热带、亚热带海岸潮间带的常绿灌木或乔木群落，之所以称为红树林，只是因为在植物学上它们属于红树科，树皮内部和木材常呈红褐色。其实它们的枝叶都是深绿的。

站在海岸上远远眺望，只见一片浩瀚的郁郁葱葱的绿色森林，在海水中摇曳。退潮的时候，整片树林的树干亭亭玉立，风姿绰约，宛如一道永不凋萎的绿色长城，在海中巍然屹立。涨潮时，红树林休浴在温馨的海水之中，只有青翠的树冠在微风中飘荡，活像浮在海上的绿洲。旅游者可以乘坐游船，顺着宽约50米的沟漕行进，观赏一丛丛红树林，十分奇妙

红树林在我国的分布，以浙江南部为最北界线。红树林并非单一树种，而是品种繁多的常绿乔木和灌木组成的大家族。除了海莲、角果木、红茄冬、秋茄、红树、木榄等乔木外，还有老鼠勒、桐花树、白骨壤等灌木了解，世界各地共有红树林23科81种，而在海南岛就有23科41种，其中有8个是海南岛独有的珍贵品种。而我们所看到的东寨港红树林就有16科52种。海南全岛共有红树林面积4772公顷，占全国的33%，是全国红树林种类最多、分布和保存面积最大的区域，具有红树物种多样、古老、濒危、集中分布、保存完整的特点，在世界红树林中占有重要位置，具有极为重要的保护、旅游和科研价值。

东寨港红树林保护区，属于国家级自然保护区，是我国建立的第一个国家级红树林保护区，同时也是我国目前面积最大的一片沿海滩涂森林，绵延海岸线总长54公里。面积3337多公顷。由于东寨港地处热带北缘，红树林一般显得矮小，树高可到10米

红树林是一种很奇特的植物群落。主要有三奇，请大家注意观察。

它生长在热带海边沉积滩涂上的红树林，涨潮时被淹没，只有绿色枝叶露出水面，成为海上绿洲。它耐湿、耐高温、耐强光、耐盐碱。为什么红树林浸渍在盐分很高的海水里而不枯死呢?这是由于它具有特殊的生理结构与功能。

第一奇，就是它的枝叶表皮有排盐腺，能够把多余的盐分排出体外。当然那些细小的排盐腺是不容易被发现的。

第二奇，就是独特的胎生现象。它的果实在母树上成熟后并不落地，仍然挂着，并且适时发芽，待到长出幼苗后，才脱离母树，落地生根。因此有人戏称它是"胎生"植物。幼苗脱离母体时，尖尖的一端坠落于淤泥中，数小时后即扎根生长，不怕涨潮被淹。即使被海浪冲走而随波逐流，遇到海滩数小时后仍可生根，成为独立的个体。

第三奇就是特殊的根系。它的根部很多是树干基部长出的密集的支柱根，直插泥滩之中;有的则是树干基部膨大，增宽增高，形成板状根。，红树林的叶子碧绿柔美，树冠浓密而有序，结构紧密。暴露在地面上的发达的丛状树根粗大而曲长，互织互绕，紧紧地抓住滩涂，顽强地抵抗着风暴和海浪，是护卫堤岸的天然屏障，因而被称为"海岸卫士"。

正是由于它的发达根系和茂密枝干，才使它能够稳稳地固定自身，抵挡狂风巨浪的袭击。就算是强台风掀起的狂澜巨涛，在它的面前也威力大减，无形中起到护村庄、保农田、固海滩的作用。东寨港有一颗占地约10平方米的红树，主干直径只有十三四公分，高不过三四米，却已有上百年的树龄了，伸出来的支柱根达400余条，就像一片小树林一般，被当地群众形象地称之为"鸡笼罩"。红树林大都生长于淤泥深厚的河口或海湾地区的海滩上，沉没在水下的树枝与根叉纵横交错，对河流和潮水带来的泥沙有促淤作用，所以扩大了滩涂面积，不断开拓出一片片新的陆地，被人们称之为"造陆先锋"。正因为红树林是"海岸卫士"和"造陆先锋"，海南省人大专门制定法规，划定保护区，给予特别保护。

此外，红树林还有"天然养殖场"之称。红树的花、果、叶、枝等掉落物可溶性达80%以上，而且可溶时间短，腐烂后滋生大量浮游生物，成为鱼、虾、蟹、贝等的食物。在红树林下面，由于风小浪低，又有足够的食料，成为鱼虾蟹贝的乐园。树干是贝类的附体，根部则成为蟹类和泥鳝打洞栖息的场所。凡是红树林生长茂密的海边，水产资源都极为丰富。您到东寨港去，就一定可以品尝到美味的海鲜，那里的血螺(泥蚶)属全岛之冠。红树林全身是宝，经济价值极高，可作鞣料与染料，可制药、制糖，叶是好饲料，木是好木材。

革命战争年代，东寨港红树林是掩护革命者的"青纱帐"。当年的中共琼北地委、琼山县委就设在这一带，借助茂密、深广的红树林的掩护，与敌人周旋。

在东寨港观赏"海上森林"的同时，还可以就便凭吊就在保护区内的海底村庄。据《琼州府志》和琼山市演丰镇、演海镇的一些地方族谱记载，东寨港原来只是一条约三米宽的浅沟，人们来往可涉水而过。明万历三十三年五月二十八日(120xx年7月13日)发生7.5级的琼州大地震，震中就在现在的东寨港，烈度达10度。刹那间陆陷成海，72个村庄沉没，形成今日汪洋一片的东寨港。现在遇上风平浪静，海水清澈，还可以看到沉陷在水底的村庄遗存的水井、臼椿、坟墓、牌坊和过往的石桥等。这种在地震中陆陷成海的现象，在中国绝无仅有，在世界上也属少见。

亚龙湾旅游景点导游词

各位朋友，现在我们要去游览的景点是亚龙湾国家旅游度假区。

亚龙湾国家旅游度假区距离三亚市区25公里处，是目前海南唯一一个国家级旅游度假区，属国家4A级景区。总面积18.6平方公里，旧称琅琊湾、牙龙湾，1992年6月更为现名。被称为“天下第一湾”，1994年，联合国世界旅游组织秘书长萨维尼亚克被亚龙湾的美景所感染，挥笔赞美它是“真正的天堂”。

亚龙湾三面青山相拥，一面呈月牙形向大海敞开，沙滩平缓宽阔，绵延7公里，浅海区宽大50—60米。沙滩洁白细软，海水清澈分层，能见度7—9米。终年可进行海水浴、日光浴、沙滩活动、潜水活动和多种水上活动。目前在亚龙湾除了享受阳光、海水、沙滩和各种水上活动和沙滩活动外，还可以去畅游被称为陆地上的海底世界的贝壳馆、景致蝴蝶谷和亚龙湾中心广场。

贝壳馆设在亚龙湾中心广场的内部，面积不大，但却被设计得像热带海底贝壳一样精美，是我国第一家以贝类为主的，集观赏、科普、购物为一体的综合性主题展馆，1997年8月向游客开放。整个贝壳馆分为一个放映厅和4个展厅，4个展厅分别展示了大西洋、印度洋、太平洋和中国南海的千姿百态、色彩斑斓的贝壳和珊瑚。

出了贝壳馆便是亚龙湾中心广场，它是亚龙湾国家级旅游度假去的标志性建筑，总投资7000多万元，占地总面积7.1万平方米。1995年12月底建成，具有观光、娱乐、集会、餐饮等多种功能，1996年中国度假休闲游开幕式在此举行。广场上有高达27米的图腾柱，围绕图腾柱是三圈反映中国古代神话传说和文化的雕塑群。图腾柱和雕塑群浑然为一体，构成强烈的中国古天文意识和东方神秘色彩。另外，在景区的另一处，还有占地1.5公顷，与贝壳馆一样是一处集中观赏、科普、购物为一体的综合性的展馆，里面向游客展示了各种各样、千姿百态的蝴蝶和蝴蝶标本，还有琳琅满目的蝴蝶纪念品。

亚龙湾国家旅游度假区经过几十年的建设，已经进驻了多家国际品牌的度假酒店。如喜来登、家化万豪、希尔顿、假日、华宇皇冠、天域、凯莱等10多家五星级酒店，形成了我国最佳的海滨旅游度假区。

天坛在北京市东南部，崇文区永定门内大街东侧。占地约270万平方米，是中国现存最大的古代祭祀性建筑群。今日天安门东侧的劳动人民文化宫就是当年皇帝祭祖的地方，西侧的中山公园是祭祀丰收神即五谷耕地之所。

在整个北京城里，北有地坛祭地，南有天坛祭天，东有日坛祭太阳，西有月坛祭月亮，其中天坛最为光彩夺目、气宇非凡。天坛始建于明永乐十八年(1420xx年)，清乾隆、光绪时曾重修改建。为明、清两代帝王祭祀皇天、祈五谷丰登之场所。 天坛是圜丘、祈谷两坛的总称，有坛墙两重，形成内外坛，坛墙南方北圆，象征天圆地方。主要建筑在内坛，圜丘坛在南、祈谷坛在北，二坛同在一条南北轴线上，中间有墙相隔。圜丘坛内主要建筑有圜丘坛、皇穹宇等等，祈谷坛内主要建筑有祈年殿、皇乾殿、祈年门等。著名的祈年殿在最北方，这是天坛内最宏伟、最华丽的建筑，也是想象中离天最近的地方。祈年殿的上下三层屋顶，均用深兰色琉璃瓦铺盖，象征天色。

坛面除中心的太极石是圆形外，外围各圈均为扇面形，数目也是阳数，象征九重天，天帝的牌位就安放在太极石上，象征着天帝高居九重天之上。圜丘坛的附属建筑有皇穹宇及回音壁。如果说天安门城楼已成为中国的象征，那么，天坛祈年殿就是北京这座不朽名城的象征。的确，这座无与伦比的建筑是智慧和文明的结晶，在通高38米、直径30米的体积内，容纳了如此丰富的学问。

同时，她也是中国木结构建筑的顶峰，仅凭木榫交结，斗拱支架，全用木材就完成了这一惊世杰作。天坛另一美妙绝伦之处，是奇妙的回声。站在圜丘坛的中心叫一声，你会听到从地层深处传来的明亮而深沉的回响，这声音仿佛来自地心，又似乎来自天空，所以人们为它取了一个充满神秘色彩的名字：“天心石”。在皇穹宇的四周有一道厚约0.9米的围墙，你站在一端贴着墙小声说话，站在另一端的人只要耳贴墙面就能听得异常清晰，并且还有立体声效果，这就是“回音壁”。这证明520xx年前的中国人已经能够运用声学原理。