江苏红色旅游景点导游词推荐20篇

各位游客：

你们好!欢迎来到这里!

沧浪亭位于苏州城南沧浪亭街，是现存苏州最古的园林。其地初为五代时吴越国广陵王钱元璙近戚中吴军节度使孙承祐的池馆。北宋庆历五年(公元1045年)，诗人苏舜钦(子美)流寓吴中，以四万钱购得园址，傍水构亭名“沧浪”，取《孟子。离娄》和《楚辞》所载孺子歌“沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨;沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯吾足”之意，作《沧浪亭记》。自号“沧浪翁”。南宋时为抗金名将韩世忠所居，人称韩园。元延祐年间僧宗敬在其遗址建妙隐庵。明嘉靖三年(公元1524年)，苏州知府胡缵宗于妙隐庵建韩蕲王祠。嘉靖二十五年(公元1546年)僧文瑛复建沧浪亭，归有光作《沧浪亭记》。清康熙二十三年(公元1684年)，江苏巡抚王新命建苏公(舜钦)祠。康熙三十四年(公元1695年)，江苏巡抚宋荦寻访遗迹，复构沧浪亭于山上，并筑观鱼处、自胜轩、步碕廊等，道光年间，增建五百名贤祠，咸丰十年(公元1860年)毁于兵火。同治十二年(公元1873年)重建。

沧浪亭面积约16。5亩，为苏州大型园林之一，具有宋代造园风格，是写意山水园的范例。

沧浪亭造园艺术与众不同，未进园门便见一泓绿水绕于园外，漫步过桥，始得入内。园内以山石为主景，迎面一座土山，隆然高耸。山上幽竹纤纤、古木森森，山顶上便是翼然凌空的沧浪石亭。山下凿有水池，山水之间以一条曲折的复廊相连，廊中砌有花窗漏阁，穿行廊上，可见山水隐隐迢迢。假山东南部的明道堂是园林的主建筑，与明道堂东西相对的是五百名贤祠。园中最南部的是建在假山洞屋之上的看山楼，看山楼北面是翠玲珑馆，再折而向北到仰止亭，出仰止亭可到御碑亭。

园以清幽古朴见长，富有山林野趣。池水萦回，古亭翼然，轩榭复廊，古树名木，内外融为一体，在苏州众多园林中独树一帜。

我叫小雨，是本船的导游员，我的左边是我们的船长，右边是乘务长。我们在此，对各位游客，表示热烈的欢迎!

漓江是全国文明的示范景区，大家如果有什么困难和要求，可以随时向我们提出来，我们一定会认真处理。好了，我们的船就要开了，我在此预祝大家一路顺风，一切如意。

漓江绿的像一块巨大的碧玉，静得像一面镜子。接下来，让我们走进这美丽的漓江，去欣赏这美丽的景色。船上不能吸烟，小孩不能到船边上去。

各位游客，我们的船顺江而下，不久就会看到黄牛岩景观，这是中国第一批AAAA级景区。黄牛岩在漓江两岸，磨盘山南，与碧崖隔江相峙，距离桂林约30公里。峡上多奇石，如狮虎、蝙蝠、黄牛群，因得名。漓江清流至此，急转90度大弯，水流分为二，拍击了各州渚，滚滚南去，民谣谓：“九牛对三洲，河水两连流;五马拦江过，双狮滚绣球。”

现在请大家看我左手边，这就是“大拇指山”，传说是如来佛祖的大拇指变成的，大家可以在此随意拍照。我们的船再走一会儿，就到了名不虚传的“猴子吃仙桃”山了。好了，现在你们都看到前方有一块巨石了吗?是不是像一只小猴子，巨石旁边还有一块比较小的石头，是不是像个桃子呀?这个猴子就是孙悟空，桃子就是王母娘娘的仙桃，所以这座山叫做“猴子吃仙桃山”。

漓江的景色也特别优美。春天，冰雪融化，山泉叮咚，夏天树木茂盛，秋天瓜果飘香，冬天白雪一片。现在我们到了骆驼山，大家看到我的右手边，远处的山峰像一排排骆驼，大家可以到船顶上拍照，小孩注意，小心别掉进水里。

终点站到了，谢谢你们的合作。让我们度过了一个快乐的一天。漓江随时欢迎你们，再见!

苍山有名点苍山，它是云岭山脉南端的主峰，东临洱海，西望黑惠江，共有雄峙嵯峨的19峰，海拔一般都在3500米以上，最高的为4122米，山顶上终年积雪，被称为“炎天赤日雪不容”。最奇妙的是，每两座山峰之间都有一条溪水，由上而下，顺东流淌一直注入洱海。这19峰18溪构成了苍山独特而多姿的景观。许多充满白族文化特色的景观都位于苍山之麓，比如著名的崇圣寺三塔、佛图塔、无为寺、桃溪中和寺、九龙女池、清碧寺三潭、感通寺等。在大理著名的“风花雪月”这四大名景中，“雪”之所指就是苍山上的雪景。

苍山十九峰，巍峨雄壮，与秀丽的洱海风光形成强烈对照，其峰序自北而南依次为：云弄、沧浪、五台、莲花、白云、鹤云、三阳、兰峰、雪人、应乐、观音、中和、龙泉、玉局、马龙、圣应、佛顶、马耳、斜阳。这些山峰，海拔一般均在3500米以上，有七座山峰海拔高达4000米以上，最高的马龙峰海拔为4122米。苍山十九峰，每两峰之间都有一条溪水奔泻而下，流入洱海，这就是著名的十八溪，溪序为：霞移、万花、阳溪、茫涌、锦溪、灵泉、白石、双鸳、隐仙、梅溪、桃溪、中溪、绿玉、龙溪、清碧、莫残、阳南。这十九峰十八溪构成了苍山独特而多姿的景观。

“ 定远”舰景区，位于 山东省风光旖旎的 海滨城市 威海市的城区繁华地带，主体景观为按原貌复制再现的清末北洋海军旗舰“定远”号。 历史上的“定远”舰，是19世纪工业文明的产物，因为武备强大、防护完善，一度被誉为“亚洲第一巨舰”、“遍地球一等之铁甲舰”，见证象征了中国海洋上一段辉煌的往事。这艘军舰又因浓浓的 甲午风云， 和在甲午海战中的不屈表现，赢得了“永不沉没的‘定远’”之称，成为国人心目中的一座海上图腾。

定远舰是清政府花费近170万两 白银向德国订造的一艘战舰，是当时世界海军中罕见的大型铁甲舰，其装甲厚，吨位大，炮火重，利于防御，号称“第一铁舰”。该舰由德国伏尔锵造船厂制造，1883年11月28日下水。

1894年9月17日，以“定远”、“ 镇远”为首的北洋水师主力在 黄海大东沟海域与 日本海军联合舰队主力进行了一场决战。“定远”舰中弹159发，“镇远”舰中弹220发，“定”、“镇”二舰的装甲和炮塔护甲上的弹坑没有超过102毫米的，显示出二舰的顽强生命力。

1895年2月5日凌晨，“定远”舰在威海保卫战中，遭日本海军鱼雷艇袭击， 丁汝昌下令趁军舰尚未沉没前驶往刘公岛南面搁浅，利用舰炮，增强东口的防御力量。丁汝昌被迫撤离“定远”，移驻“镇远”指挥。10日下午，丁汝昌、刘步蟾命令用水雷将搁浅的“定远”炸毁。

复制的“定远”号纪念舰，主要由岸上与舰上两大部分组成，军舰本身，完全依据历史资料按1：1比例进行复制建造，最大程度再现了历史原舰的风采。舰上各种武器装备一一复制，齐全逼真，许多著名的历史场景也都纷纷还原再现，如临其境。军舰内部，围绕“定远”舰、甲午海战布置了2层主题展馆，并有选择的复原再现了一批“定远”舰内历史生活场景。景区内还设有北洋海军历史陈列、三维环幕影院、模拟互动海战游戏等参观、游览项目，合力营造了一座能切身感受历史，走进百年前铁甲巨舰生活的独特人文景观。

登上这艘战舰，恍若跨越时空，百年往事历历在目，甲午英雄的故事、铁甲巨舰的雄风、黄海大战的惨烈、亚洲第一的强国梦都将在这里与您相会.昂首静泊在威海湾畔，与刘公岛隔海相望的“定远”，龙旗猎猎、身未动威先行，仿佛蓄势待发，将要继续那未尽的航程。北洋海军“定远”号铁甲舰，欢迎您来参与感受历史!

大家好!我是你们的导游，我姓梁，你们就叫我梁导好了。下面我们要去的地方是金华双龙洞，让我们一起踏上旅途，请你们慢慢欣赏一路的风景吧!

好!各位亲爱的旅客，美丽的双龙洞已经到了，我们现在的位置是洞口，你们有谁知道这个洞里为什么会流出溪水来吗?，关于这个有一个传说。相传，古代婺州连年大旱，民不聊生，天上的青龙和黄龙看不下去了，于是便把天池的水洒向人间，百姓得救了，可青龙和黄龙却被山压住了勃颈，可龙头还在顽强地吐水，这就是常年有水的原因，在请跟我来。

现在，我们来到了孔隙，旅客们请小心，因为孔隙窄小，所以要特别注意安全，要是稍微抬起头，就会撞破额头，擦伤鼻子。旅客们请注意，下面就到了内洞。你们看!石钟乳和石笋很多，石钟乳和石笋都是由石灰质聚集而成的。岩洞中的石笋溶解在水里，水中的石灰质一点一点地聚集起来，在洞顶逐渐形成冰锥状物体，这就叫石英乳，也叫钟乳石(类似北方冬季屋檐下的冰椎)。洞顶的水滴落在地上，石灰质也逐渐聚住起来，就成为石柱。石钟乳和石笋千姿百态，人们根据这些形态，想象成各种东西，如“黄龙吐水”“倒挂蝙蝠”“彩云遮月”“天马行空”“海龟探海”“龟蛇共存”“寿星与仙桃”“青蛙盗仙草”等四十余种景观，令人目不暇接，宛如置身水晶龙宫。

各位旅客，接下来请你们有序的上车，我们就要告别这美丽的双龙洞了

列位旅客：

接待各人到宁夏来参观旅游。起首请应承我向列位先容一下宁夏轮廓。

宁夏位于故国的西北本地地域，黄河中上游，全区土地面积6.64万平方公里，现辖银川、石嘴山两个地级市，银南、固原两个地域，吴忠、青铜峡、灵武3个县级市和6各辖区，15各县。全区生齿536万。

宁夏是我国独逐一个回族自治区，回族生齿约占全区总生齿的1/3。回民信奉伊斯兰教，全自治区有大、小清真寺3000多座，因此宁夏又被称为中国的“穆斯林之乡”。

宁夏是中汉文明的发祥地之一。黄河岸边的灵武市“水洞沟遗址”掘客表白，在3万年前的旧石器期间就有人类在此繁衍生息。秦代时属北地郡，秦军在此屯垦戍边，抗击匈奴。汉代时又分为朔方和西凉刺史两部。唐代时属关内道，农牧经济获得了很大的成长。11世纪初，党项族以宁夏为中心，成立了西夏政权，并缔造了光辉灿烂的西夏文化。元灭西夏后，设宁夏行省，取“逍遥西夏永久平定”之意，于是便开始有了宁夏的名称。明改制宁夏卫，清属甘肃省。1928年建宁夏省。1654年又取消省建制，分归内蒙古、甘肃省统领。1958年创立宁夏回族自治区。

宁夏地处华夏文化与草原文化的过渡地带，又是河套文化与丝绸之路的领悟区，迂腐深远的黄河文化、特色光鲜的伊斯兰文化、唯一无二的西夏文化、颇具特色的移民文化和浓烈粗旷的边塞文化器材在这块神奇的土地上，从而为后人留下了很多贵重的遗迹和探寻不尽的机密。

皆さん、こんにちは、私はあなた達のガイドです。王さんと呼んでください。今日は皆さんを西安の城壁を見学させていただきます。

私たちが今見ているこの古い城は明安城壁で、明朝の初めに唐長安皇城の基礎の上に建てられたのです。それは我が国の中世後期の歴史上最も有名な城壁の一つで、世界で現存する最大規模で、最も完備している古代の軍事城防御施設です。

西安は千年の古都として、歴代何度も城壁を築き上げました。それらの多くは歴史のほこりに埋もれています。私たちが今見ている城壁は隋時代にさかのぼります。1369年、明王朝の大将徐達は山西から陝西に入り、元の奉天路を西安に変えました。明が西安で城壁を築く序幕を開けた。8年にわたって築かれた城壁の形は長方形です。城壁の高さは15メートル、幅は12～14メートル、幅は16～18メートル、周囲は13センチです。9キロです。最下層は黄土と石灰、もち米汁を混ぜて作ります。乾燥した後、非常に丈夫です。

西安の古い城壁は堀、つり橋、閘門楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敵楼、女儿壁、積み上げ口などの一連の軍事施設を含みます。はい、今は科学的で厳密で完備した軍事防御システムを自分で感じさせます。

これは今日観光した西安の城壁です。代々陝西人の誇りで、唐の文明の象徴です。

内蒙古自治区位于北纬37°30′至53°20′，东经97°10′至126°02′，全区面积118.3万平方公里，她东起茫茫的兴安岭,西至阿拉善戈壁,地跨东北、华北、西北，毗邻八省区，接壤俄罗斯、蒙古国。在这片辽阔的土地上,有茂密的森林、丰美的草场、肥沃的农田、广阔的水面、众多的野生动植物和无穷的地下宝藏，素有"东林西铁、南粮北牧、遍地矿藏"的美称。

内蒙古自治区是一个多民族聚居的地区，目前有49个民族居住在这块土地上。到1996年末，全区共有人口2306.55万人，其中蒙古族377万人，汉族1760多万人，其少数民族90多万人。

内蒙古自治区现设有呼和浩特、包头、乌海、赤峰4个省辖市和呼伦贝尔、兴 安、哲里木、锡林郭 勒、乌兰察布、伊克昭、巴彦淖尔、阿拉善等8个盟，下设101个旗、县、市、区、(4个旗、17个县、14个市、16个市辖区)，其中包括鄂伦春、鄂温克、莫力达瓦达斡尔3个少数民族自治旗。内蒙古地域辽阔，资源丰富，农牧林业是内蒙古最大的资源优势，人均耕地、草场面积、森林面积均居全国第一。

“蒙古”是蒙古族的自称。原为蒙古诸部落中的一个部落的名称，后来随着历史的发展和演变逐渐成为这些部落的共同名称。据文献记载，蒙古族属于东胡系，是由室韦部落的一支发展而来的。大约在公元7世纪以前蒙古族就居住在额尔古纳河一带，后来西迁到了鄂嫩河上游不尔罕山(大肯特山)和克鲁伦河一 带。在我国唐代史籍中称为“蒙瓦”，《辽史》中称为“萌古”。公元13世纪初，成吉思汗统一蒙古诸部 后，逐渐融合为一个新的民族共同体，“蒙古”也就由原来一个部落的名称变成为民族名称。在汉文史籍中就统称他们为“蒙古”。

说起内蒙古的美丽，没有领略过它的风光的人大概很难想象。且不说那雄伟的大青山，巍巍贺兰山，滔滔黄河水;也不说那莽莽苍苍的林海，烟波浩淼的湖泊，浩瀚无垠的沙漠奇观;只看看那无边无际的草原的景色，就足以让你感叹不已，留恋往忘返了。如果你在夏天来到草原，展现在你面前的将是一泻千里的绿 野。那平地是绿的，溪水是绿的，线条柔美的小丘也是绿的，到处翠色横流，直至遥远的天边。在那苍翠欲滴的绿野上，间或点缀着一些野花，姹紫嫣红，把千里草原打扮得更加迷人。而那星星点点散布在草原上的雪白的蒙古包升起的缕缕炊烟，彩云般流动着的马群、羊群，牛群，远处飘来的牧羊姑娘的阵阵歌声，又给这幅美丽的画面增添了无限的生机。放眼远眺，天空是那么蔚蓝，那么高远，大地是那么碧绿，那么壮阔。

岳阳楼是国家重点文物保护单位，首批4A级旅游区。岳阳楼景观特色可以概括为四个方面。一是历史悠久，岳阳楼的前身为鲁肃修建的阅军楼，始建于东汉建安十九年(公元214年)，唐肃宗乾元二年(公元759年〉开始被称为岳阳楼，在江南三大名楼中岳阳楼的历史最悠久。二是风景独特，岳阳楼胜景由江、湖、山、城构成。“巴陵胜状，在洞庭一湖，衔远山，吞长江，浩浩荡荡，横无际涯，朝晖夕阴，气象万干。”

三是它的文化深厚。《岳阳楼诗文集》收录干余篇名篇佳作及大量的楹联匾屏和书画碑刻，大多数都贯穿着中华民族的“忧患意识”。比如杜甫的《登岳阳楼》其忧国忧民之情溢于言表，范仲淹的《岳阳楼记》更是将这个优秀传统发展到了巅峰。“不以物喜，不以己悲”的处世哲理，“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”的忧患意识，融汇的精神使当时苏东坡发出了“虽圣人复起不易斯言”的感慨。四是它的文物珍贵。江南三大名楼中，惟有岳阳楼是保持原址、原貌，具有历史、艺术、科学价值的国家级文物。

现在大家所见到的岳阳楼为纯木结构，1983年按“整旧如旧”的原则落架大修而成，全楼没用一块砖石，没有一颗铁钉，全部用木料构成，门缝对榫，工艺十分精巧。

好，朋友们，现在各位面前的就是岳阳楼。横匾上“岳阳楼”三字是由郭沫若先生题写的，现已编入《中国名匾》一书。大家请看整个大楼由四根楠木大柱支撑。自楼底直贯楼顶，再以12根金柱为内圈，支撑二楼，周围则绕以20根木柱，彼此牵制门缝对榫，连结为整体。岳阳搂三层三檐，盔顶式木结构，盖黄色琉璃瓦。盔顶是岳阳楼建筑的突出特色，大家请看，它形似古代将军的头盔，威武雄壮，配以飞檐，曲线流畅，给人势欲凌空之感。

大家再看盔顶下的如意斗拱，它形似窝蜂，层叠相衬，饰以龙头、凤头、云头纹饰，既承托盔顶重力，又使整个建筑更为精美、应重、和谐。因此，岳阳楼的建筑在美学、力学、建筑学和工艺学方面都有惊人的成就。

进人主楼，首先映人眼帘的是大家神驰已久的这副《岳阳楼记》的雕屏，这部雕屏由12块紫檀木组成。岳阳楼开始真正名扬天下，是在北宋滕子京重修岳阳楼、范仲淹作《岳阳楼记》以后。庆历四年，滕子京被贬为岳州知府，他上任后便重修岳阳楼，并请好友范仲淹写下千古名篇《岳阳楼记》。这篇文章全文虽然仅368个字，但是内容博大。哲理精深，气势磅礴，语言铿锵，成为千古绝唱。而“先天下之忧而忧，后天下之乐而乐”则成为传世名句，成为中华民族优秀知识分子崇高人格文化的积淀。《岳阳楼记》以其至高至上的思想内容和艺术魅力，流传干古而不朽。滋养着人们的心灵。

一楼所悬挂的是古今名家吟咏岳阳楼的楹联。我们现在登上的是岳阳楼的顶层三楼，站在这，凭窗远眺，可领略到“衔远山，吞长江”的磅礴气势，欣赏“朝晖夕阴，气象万千”的湖光山色。大家可以看到洞庭湖水天相接，浑成一色，清风朗月，无边无际，山色湖光荟萃一楼时，得到的感觉不正是“水天一色。风月无边”吗?

岳阳楼的介绍我就给诸位讲解到这里，欢迎大家再到这来，谢谢大家!

大家好，今天我们将一起去游览这著名的胡里山炮台。我是你们的导游，大家可以称呼我为小陶。接下来就让我们一起走进这胡里山炮台吧!

这座炮台是一座海岸炮台，原用来防御外来侵略的，炮台于1894年三月初八动工，1896年十一月初八竣工，历时二年九个月，占地面积1.3万平方米，主要由炮台、兵营、弹药库组成。这里面还存放着一座世界最大的古海岸大炮呢!那他到底是什么样的大炮呢?不妨现在就与小陶一同前去看看吧!

各位来宾，我们可以看到前面有两个大门，大门上写着“奋武”、“震威”，在两门对面是由福建工艺美校蔡志强先生创作的大型《民族魂》壁雕，表现了从旧中国到新中国的万里海防，从“刀枪入库”到奋武震威，抗击侵略者，气势恢宏、立意明晰，是一幅很好的佳作。如果大家想拍照的话，就可以在这里拍。这里既可以拍到旁边那热闹非凡的沙滩，一望无际大海，也可以拍到这著名的《民族魂》壁雕。

各位来宾，我们这次主要浏览的就是我之前提到的世界最大的古海岸大炮，因时间有限，其他地方我们就看一看好吗?好，现在就请各位来宾往这边走。这里是荣光宝藏馆，一共分为五个展馆，分别是古代宝剑、古代战炮、古代火枪、世界奇石、古树化石展馆，这是张荣光先生的先世历七代近220_年从世界各地征集来的，有极高的文史价值和艺术欣赏价值。等我们浏览完了世界大炮，就可以来这里参观参观。

好了，我们继续往前。大家可以看到这里有许许多多的火炮对吧。这是为了抗击1841年英帝国主义发动的战争和清朝的抗日战争使用的。但是，在战争中，英军看出了岸炮只能直射一个方向，不能旋转多角度放炮的缺陷，绕过射击方向，在白石炮台附近登陆，突破防线，从身后射击清军，导致清军全部壮烈牺牲。战争后，厦门军民为巩固海防，在光绪二十年(1894年)三月初八开工，建造了现在的炮台，就是我刚才提到的世界最大的古海岸大炮，以及旁边的炮群。

让我们继续往前，看，这里的炮群比刚才的大多了吧!而且看起来也先进许多。这就是能360度旋转的德国克虏伯兵工厂制造的小炮。再往前走，大家看到这个在坑里的大炮，就是世界最大的古海岸大炮——克虏伯大钢炮。它也被人们称为“胡里炮王”!它长度是13.13米，重50吨，口径28厘米，射程1万6千米。曾击落敌军战舰一百多艘，是我国一系列战争中的大功臣。现在，它已被列为吉尼斯世界纪录。在大炮的旁边有一个水池，这个水池是做什么用的呢?据说是因为这大炮每发一门后就要冷却三十分钟，而这个水池就是降温用的。

好了，我们的胡里山炮台游结束了，接下来大家可以去参观荣光宝藏馆。感谢你们对我工作的支持和信任!再见!

南天门是南阳人上山拜老君的唯一一条道路，在山下观望老君庙如在天上，此门形容其高。当初修南天门天梯时，曾有一段有趣的故事。数位民工正在施工，天突降暴雨，还夹着狂风。民工们躲也没处躲，藏也没处藏，新架起但未焊接好的铁梯也有被大风吹倒的可能，万般无奈之中，有个民工喊：“我们为什么不求求老君爷呢?”于是他们一齐跪下来祈求太上老君保佑。霎时，风停雨止，云开雾散。民工都说，老君爷显灵了，老君爷显灵了。这一现象，是偶然的巧合，还真是太上老君施了法术?大家到老君庙里，拜一拜老君就知道了。

晒人场最近处这座山峰，峰顶平坦，四周陡峭。峰顶松树成林，郁郁葱葱，取名叫晒人场，传说是大地上原来没有人，道德天尊请来洪钧老祖捏造泥人，晒干以后撒向十方净土，大地上才有了人。有一天洪钧老祖正在晒人场上晾晒泥人，突然狂风暴雨大作，洪钧老祖来不及一个一个收拾。慌乱之中用手一搓，撒向空中，造成一些瞎眼少耳朵，折胳膊断腿的残疾人组成了人类社会。

挤挤身站在这里向东眺望，地平线上一个玉米粒大小的缺口就是洛阳伊阙龙门。俗话说无巧不成书，这两块山岩是长在一起的，也就无话可说了，偏偏留下一条缝隙，路又经过这里，仅容一人通过，无论胖瘦，都能挤身过去，所以就叫“挤挤身”。

润笔池朋友们请看这一石坎，圆似水瓢，半池清水，四季不干。真是山有多高，水有多高，山有水方显其秀，水因山而显其灵。有人说这里是老子的润笔池。老子在道德府里作文写诗，断不了取水磨墨洗笔，也在情理之中。过去这个地方叫煮人锅，传说是专煮不孝道的人，所以不孝顺的人千万不要近前。

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

你们知道吗？九寨沟是一个原始古朴、神奇梦幻的人间仙境。它为什么叫九寨沟呢？是因为九寨沟四周有九个藏族村寨，所以而得名。一尘不染的清新空气、雪山、森林、湖泊组合成神奇、奇幻、幽美的自然风光，显现出自然的美。大家一定会喜欢这里的。

现在，我们来到的是犀牛海。大家知道吗，犀牛海是九寨沟的第二大海，不仅湖大，湖岸也很美，湖岸四周的彩叶也是亮丽多姿，艳冠群芳。再看看大海，海中间一大片蓝的醒人的湖面，让人喜欢极了，犀牛海的这一片山光水色，让人流连忘返。亲爱的游客朋友们，你们知道犀牛海这个名字的传说吗？让我告诉大家吧！古时候，有一位身患重病、奄奄一息的老人，骑着犀牛来到这里，当他饮用了这里的水后，竟奇迹般的康复了。老人天天饮用这里的湖水，慢慢的老人对湖有了感情，便舍不得走了，决定留在这里，从此以后这里就叫犀牛海了。

看完犀牛海，我们来到了诺日朗瀑布，它雄伟壮观，滔滔水流从群海而来，经瀑布顶部流下，如银河飞泻，声震山谷。在早晨阳光的照耀下，可见到一道道彩虹横挂山谷，那景色美丽极了。瀑布对面建有一座观景台，供游人观赏瀑布，站在台上，瀑布全景尽收眼底，瀑布的三百米飞流在秋色云雾的衬托下，化成了一幕波澜壮观的画面。这美丽的瀑布也有一个传说，想听吗？是这样的，古时候有一台纺车，这里的姑娘很快学会了纺线，可是头人罗扎认为她在搞歪门邪道，一脚把纺车踢下山崖。立刻山洪爆发，把罗扎冲下山崖，纺车变成了瀑布。怎么样很神奇吧！

下面我们来到了火花海，他更神奇了，每当晨雾初散，太阳升起时，湖面会因为阳光的作用，水面好像有朵朵火花燃烧，星星点点，跳跃闪动，因此得名“火花海”。湖水掩映在重重的翠绿之中，像一块晶莹剔透的翡翠。大家看看这里很美吧！

今天我们一起游览了九寨沟，很高兴与大家度过了这个美好时光，大家对我今的导游有什么不满意之处，请您指正，谢谢大家！

今天，我们去的旅游点是李坑古村落。这里，我首先把李坑村落的形成，给大家作个简要介绍。

李坑，是个李姓聚居的村落。北宋大中祥符三年，也就是公元1020_年，由一个叫李洞的“理田”，道理的“理”，田地的“田”，为什么叫理田呢?村里的老人说：他们现在的姓氏“木子李”，是因为远祖在帝尧时为部落首领时任大理(掌刑法之官)，故以官职为姓。同时因先祖唐未由北方迁江南时，曾“占地从田之签”，李洞建村时数典不忘祖，取村名为“理田”。到了近代，人们渐渐以李姓居住在小溪(亦称“坑”)两岸，便俗称李坑了。

李洞是个曾任从五品朝散大夫的隐士

他来此建村后注重教育，培育人才。据村谱记载，李洞的儿子李仁曾遵父命创建“盘谷书院”。此后，自宋至清几百年间，全村出了18名进士，南宋乾道二年(公元1166年)还出了一位状元，叫李知诚，出任七品以上的文武官员达32人，并有1名饱读诗书，能文善诗的文士留下传世佳著29部。除以上外，村民的主流还是明清时外出经营的商人，他们的木材、茶叶生意做到了南京、姑苏、上海、广州等地，他们积攒了钱财回来，除了建造住宅处，也修宗祠、桥、路、亭、寺院等，使得李坑这个不傍大河通道，农业生产条件较差的山村，慢慢以展成为一个建筑类型很发达的革子，有大小宗祠12座，庙宇观阁17座，桥亭路亭17座，还有书院、私塾、文峰塔、公共园林等，当年号称“婺东第一村”。下面，请大家随我进村参观。

[车至李坑路口]

游客们，请下车。步至中书桥]我们眼前的这座桥叫“中书桥”，它是婺源现存最古的桥之一，建于北宋未年，是座单孔砖拱桥，长4米，宽2。5米，高3米，砖拱上铺青石板。为何取名“中书桥”呢?据史书记载：宋大观三年(公元1120_年)，村人李侃中进士后，官至中书舍人。他在京城为官多年回乡省亲，一日漫步村边，见这里行人挑担来往于溪上的木桥时，有摇摇欲坠之感，孩童嬉戏奔走过桥时更令人感到害怕，于是捐资建造了这座稳重大方的砖拱桥，桥落成后，村人为感谢他的恩德，就以李侃的官职定名为“中书桥”。

[步至李坑村口]

这里就是李坑村的“水口”。婺源人把村口称为“水口”，原因是这里的村落全是依山傍水而建，水从这里流出村子。水口是婺源村落建设的一个重要组成部分，于是修筑水口碣拦截财气，培植水口林，有的还建起水口桥以锁住灵气。古时候，水口往往成为一个村庄的标志，村中有人出远门，家人必送至水口，千叮万嘱，挥泪洒别;在外多年的游子重返家乡，走着走着，一望见水口，便会激动不已，分外亲切。

[引游客进村]

各位游客，有人说，步入李坑时，仿佛走进“小桥流水人家”的画卷里，不知大家有没有这种感觉?这条穿村而过的小溪，由东向西缓缓而流。现李高村260多户1000余人口，大多居住在溪的两岸。这种建筑布局说明，李坑村过去很讲究风水，因为堪舆术说：水向西流必富。古时候李坑人选择在水由东向西流的溪畔构筑房屋，这就把他们所希翼的美好愿望，从村落布局的形态中充分地表现出来了。

下面，让我们来观赏一下李坑的古民居吧。从表面上看，李坑的老房子和婺源其它村落的古民居一样。大多是粉墙、青瓦(时间一长变成黛色)。整体色彩效果是黑白相间，给人一种朴素淡雅的美感，屋顶采用马头墙的建筑造型，即房屋的左右两侧筑起风火山墙，高出于屋顶。同时为避免山墙檐距双向坡顶的屋面高差过大。采用了随屋面坡度层层跌落的形式，因为它形似马头，故俗称为“马头墙”。马头墙檐角飞翘，在蔚蓝的天际间勾画出民居与天空的轮廓线，增加了空间的层次和韵律美。[走向李翼高故居]，我们去叩开这幢古屋。这幛古民居建于清初，是一个名叫李翼高的木材商的居所。因为有钱财，他着意配置了精美的“三雕”(砖雕、石雕、木雕)装饰房屋，让人感到步入房屋就象进入雕刻的艺术画廊。请看，要房子翘角飞檐的门罩下，垂花柱式门枋上的砖雕十分精湛，下枋上精雕细刻着古戏文图幅、人物图案各异，栩栩如生;垂花柱下端雕琢着荷花，象征纯洁和吉祥，这边的莲蓬，则期望多子多孙。

[步入大门后]

为进一步向外人显示1、李翼高故居：这幢古名居建于清初，是一个名叫李翼高的木材商人的居所。因为有钱财，他着意配置了精美的三雕(砖雕、石雕和木雕)装饰房屋，让人感到步入房屋就象进入雕刻的艺术画廊。在房子翘角飞檐的门罩下，垂花柱式门枋上的砖雕十分精细，下枋上精雕细刻着古戏文图幅、人物图案各异，栩栩如生;垂花柱下端雕琢着荷花，象征纯洁和吉祥，这边的莲蓬，则是期望多子多孙。各位游客，我们再来看看正门两边各有一个石墩。现在有一个问题，那就是这两个石墩的作用是什么?——那是主人的下马石。我们再来看看屋子里的构造。由于主人的富裕，左右厢房的隔扇门窗上，木雕精致、完善。，充分体现了婺源古代劳动人民的智能和技艺。整幢宅子上、下两层，每层分为三部分：前面的这间称前堂，是小姐的房间。因为小姐是不能随便出闺房的，所以门窗上是镂空的雕刻图案，方便小姐从屋内往外看。正中间的这两间称正堂，是屋子的主人居住的。后面两间称后堂，那是儿子们的房间。当儿子长大成人后，娶妻生子就搬到正堂，父母则搬入后堂，所以后堂又称为高堂。

2、大夫第：这座“大夫第”建于清朝咸丰年间(公元1851-1861年)，是一个五品奉直大夫李文进的官邸。李文进的大夫官衔并不是通过科举考试取得的，他本是个在广东经营茶叶的富商。太平军起事后,清朝政府的正规军根本没有作战能力，完全靠曾国藩的湘军，国库又没有大量的钱财做军饷，当时的徽州同知鼓励商人捐钱作军饷，捐得多就封官，李文进的官衔就是那时侯捐来的。从这幢房子的门面上来看，沿袭了婺源古民居的建造特点。大门为石库门枋，水磨青砖门面，大门上方砌筑门罩。门罩上黛瓦铺盖，戗角飞檐，不仅能遮挡雨水，还能起美化的作用。飞檐下方，门枋上砖雕图案细腻精美，极富装饰趣味。石库门柱础上的石雕，是民间较为常见的“狮子滚绣球”图案，表达了主人期望生活充满欢乐的心态。我们再仔细看看这石雕上面有一个小小的横着雕刻的繁体“书”字，它代表了主任的心声：万般皆下品，惟有读书高。屋子的上方有一个天井，这是徽派建筑中的重要组成部分，其主要功能是采光、通风。同时它还有一层含义，既是把人和天衔接起来——“天人合一“，也就是说不管任何生物都不能脱离大自然而独立存在。同时，在徽州人的眼里，水源就是财源，雨天，水不停地从天井向家里流，四水归堂，蕴涵着“财源滚滚而来”的意思。再看地上的下水道孔，也被凿成铜钱样式，古时候人们疏通下水道用的是什么办法呢?大家可以猜猜看。——是在下水道里养一只千年乌龟。乌龟在下水道里爬来爬去，下水道就永远畅通无阻。这座大夫第取名“春蔼堂”，一则体现出家庭融乐的气氛，二则饱含长辈对子孙后代的关爱之情。屋内的木构件上，同样雕似着精美图案，这些木雕有文武百官、八仙过海、琴棋书画等内容，从这一点可以看出主人对功名的渴望，希望自己的子孙后代能凭借自己的真凭实学考取功名的美好心愿。

各位游客，房屋右侧的这间跨院当地称做“小姐绣楼”。看，楼上这座向河街挑出许多的亭阁式建筑，小巧玲珑、古朴典雅，原本用于观景，但传说也是小姐抛绣球的地方。这里有一扇古代百叶窗，向上翻可以采光，向下翻小姐可以窥视楼底的过往人群。小姐抛绣球的故事，在小说和戏剧情节中常有记载，因为有些待字闺中的小姐，或者求婚者多，且又多有权贵，如何选择左右为难，或者因小姐的择婚主张与父母意见不合，爱女也许早有意中人，于是便出现了抛绣球选女婿这种戏剧性的做法。小姐的绣球抛给谁，，一般是有目标的，也就是小姐一般已经选定了一个意中人，而不是随随便便乱抛的

3、申明亭：各位游客，我们回过头来看看我们刚刚经过的这个亭子，它是李坑村宗法制度的见证，取名“申明亭”，建于明朝末年。亭子的功能史书上记载得非常详细：如果村中有人为非作歹，就把他的恶行书写出来，张贴在亭子中，以达到惩戒的效果。古时候村中的建设和管理主要是宗祠负责，因李坑过去的村规民约颇多，村民一般都能自觉遵守，但地方大，人口多，难免有争议，家庭有纠纷，遇到这种情况，宗祠就鸣锣在申明亭聚众，村人均可参加评议，对谁是谁非进行公断，排解纠纷，批评和惩办违反村规民约的人。

4、通济桥：各位游客，我们现在来看看旁边的这两条溪流。这是李坑过去“十二景”之一的“两涧流清”。其中一条溪流前方有两个小石墩，这条就是公龙，石墩为龙角。这边没有石墩的是母龙，两条龙在此桥处汇为一条溪流，构成“双龙戏珠”的美好寓意。按古时候风水村中两水相激本来不利，但这里用通济桥锁住，用申明亭镇住，也就化解了。通济桥跨度约5米，始建的年代已难以查考，不过最后一次维修是在250年前，是一座历史悠久的古石拱桥。

5、铜绿坊：“铜绿坊”建于清代中叶，主人李聘如是在安徽芜湖经营铜绿生意起家的，因此村中人称他的故居为“铜绿坊”。铜绿坊仿官厅建筑风格，在大门后另外设置了一座仪门，当地称“中堂门”，平时中堂门关闭不开，常人一般从两侧出入，如有达官贵人光临，则打开中堂门迎接。下面，我先向大家介绍一下什么是“铜绿”。“铜绿”的化学名称叫“缄式碳酸铜”，是一种有毒的绿色晶体，可做杀虫剂。古代制取铜绿的方法很特别，用糯米蒸成饭，裹在铜上，时间一长，饭霉烂，剥下来铜的表面上就生成铜绿，然后刮下来在加入一些其它的化学元素制成。

各位游客，我们再来看看着这座宅子的内部摆设，在婺源屋内的摆设是很有讲究的。我们看这中间是一个高高的马头座钟，左右两边，一边是花瓶，一边是镜子，它的寓意很深，即“左平右静，终身平静”

6、李书麟故居：这幢民居是“八字门”，别具一格，并正对着一面照壁。照壁就是大门前这扇墙壁，又称为萧墙。，一般是建在院子里的。但在婺源，萧墙都建在门外，因为本地人以天为院子，以门前山水为院子，所以把萧墙建于大门口。萧墙的作用一般是辟邪、挡风及隔音，有的人家的照壁上书写着‘福’字意味着“开门见福”。这幢民居建于清朝同治年间，门楼上的雕刻也很精细，进入房子内部后，大家可以发现这个条案与众不同，特别长，有4米多长，这在婺源现有的古建筑中可算是罕见的，此外，这幢房子原有三十六个戗角，四个天井，从这一点就可看出房子主人的富有

7、鱼塘屋：这是一所不知名的书斋，村子里的人都叫它鱼塘屋。从风格看是明朝建造的，一是前堂的地面用方砖铺成，当地称‘金砖铺地’，不象清朝一般用青石板铺地;二是采用木柱础，不象后来的房屋一律采用石础;三是隔扇很朴素，格心用横直棂子，没有雕似。连着它的是南宋武状元李知诚故居的后花园，园内有一个石砌的鱼池，用青石板将周围围住，绕池的小径以块石铺垫。池内的鱼就是婺源的四大特产之一的荷包红鲤鱼，池水与外面的溪流是相通的，活水。这边是花坛，花坛中的这棵紫薇树，相传是李知诚亲手栽种，算起来树龄已有800多年了，当年茂盛是树干胸径有0、4米，经一次雷击后现虽只残存半边，但每年都回新枝萌发，红花满树。旁边那棵枯死的是桂花树，树干上长满灵芝，使人觉得这里充满了灵气。

8、蕉泉：各位游客，我们眼前的这眼泉水叫“蕉泉”。这眼泉水虽然流量不大，却一年四季不会干涸，泉水清澈凉洌，甘醇可口。二十多年前有一次大旱，河水断流，蕉泉供应了全村人的用水，所以在李坑村人的眼里这是他们的救命泉。这眼泉水是从石缝中流出来的，在这有带还流传一个神化故事。传说，李坑村曾有一个叫李祈福的人，此人是张天师的弟子，天性聪悟却心术不正。相传张天师养着几条小龙，李祈福趁他不注意悄悄地偷走了一条，回家养在墨盒里。张天师闻讯赶来索要，李祈福反问他龙是什么颜色，张天师说是黄色的，李祈福说：我这里有条黑龙，没有你的黄龙。张天师无奈，就把这条龙送给了他。龙养在墨盒里越来越大，终不是办法，李祈福就想为它找个好的生存之地。一日他来到这里见这石壁上有水渗出，便拔剑直插进去，顿时缝中流出清澈泉水，他一兴奋一拳砸在水中，石壁上凹出一个洞，他趁势往地上一坐，坐出一个大陷坑，水不断流入坑中，形成这个水池。李祈福把龙养在池中，张大以后不断兴风作浪，腾云是尾巴一扫把附近的这些房子的马头墙全铲平了。大家看，这一带房子都没有马头墙。李祈福听到村民怨声连连，于是把龙带走了，最后把它放入浙江开化的一条江中，至今这条江仍叫乌龙江，而蕉泉也因为曾养过龙，成为古时候人们求雨必拜的地方。

拉市海(亦称拉什海，纳西族语音译，原意为老虎海)，是云南丽江拉市海高原湿地省级自然保护区的核心部分，位于中国云南省丽江市西面8公里处的拉市坝中部，玉龙雪山东南坡。拉市海实为断层构造湖，同时又受石灰岩溶蚀构造作用而成。其面积为5330公顷，湖面海拔2437米，与同在拉市海湿地保护区的文海皆是横断山脉的多次构造变动形成的高原山间盆地的冰蚀湖。“拉市”为古纳西语译名，“拉”为荒坝，“市”为新，意为新的荒坝。拉市海是著名的候鸟聚集地，每年冬天约有两万多只候岛会在此处过冬。

拉市海水草肥美、湖色优美，被誉为生命的摇篮，是美国大自然保护协会基地，拉市海实为断层构造湖，同时又受石灰岩溶蚀构造作用而成。入湖地表水源有南侧的清水河和北侧的美泉河。水文汇水面积265.6平方公里，湖水原从西北侧的溶洞泄出。过去，湖面季节变化显著，雨季水位高，最大蓄水量1.8亿立方米，水面9平方公里，水深可达9米;干季水位下降，甚至干涸。80年代以来，先后兴修水利，在落水洞前筑起了一个高大的堤坝，海水再也无法随意流去，而是从海东黄山哨打通的输水隧道，流入丽江城区。由于修建水坝，拉市海由季节湖变成了保持一定水位的高原湖泊，如镜的湖面倒映着玉龙雪山，越冬水鸟安然栖息，或翱翔于蓝天白云之间，构成高原湿地特有的气息。

青城山位于四川省都江堰市西南，是中国道教发源地之一，属道教名山，国家5A级景区。于20xx年同都江堰共同作为一项世界文化遗产被列入世界遗产名录。 青城山主峰老霄顶海拔1260米。全山林木青翠，四季常青，诸峰环峙，状若城廓，故名青城山。在四川名山中与剑门之险、峨嵋之秀、夔门之雄齐名，有“青城天下幽”之美誉。

青城山分前、后山。前山是青城山风景名胜区的主体部分，约15平方千米，景色优美，文物古迹众多，主要景点有建福宫、天然图画、天师洞、朝阳洞、祖师殿、上清宫等;后山总面积100平方公里，水秀、林幽、山雄，高不可攀，直上而去，冬天则寒气逼人、夏天则凉爽无比，蔚为奇观，主要景点有金壁天仓、圣母洞、山泉雾潭、白云群洞、天桥奇景等。 自古以来，人们以“幽”字来概括青城山的特色。青城山空翠四合，峰峦、溪谷、宫观皆掩映于繁茂苍翠的林木之中。道观亭阁取材自然，不假雕饰，与山林岩泉融为一体，体现出道家崇尚朴素自然的风格。青城之幽素为历代文人墨客所推崇，唐代“诗圣”杜甫来到青城山写下了“自为青城客，不唾青城地。为爱丈人山，丹梯近幽意”的佳句。

1940年前后，当代国画大师张大千举家寓居青城山上清宫。他寻幽探胜，泼墨弄清彩，作品愈千幅，还篆刻图章一方，自号"青城客"。六十年代，张大千在远隔重洋的巴西圣保罗画巨幅《青城山全图》，供自己及家人卧游。晚年自云：“看山还故乡青”，“而今能画不能归”，终身对故乡青城仙山充满着眷恋之情。 堪称青城山特色的还有日出、云海、圣灯三大自然奇观。其中圣灯(又称神灯)尤为奇特。上清宫是观赏圣灯的最佳观景处。每逢雨后天晴的夏日，夜幕降临后，在上清宫附近的圣灯亭内可见山中光亮点点，闪烁飘荡，少时三、五盏，忽生忽灭，多时成百上千，山谷一时灿若星汉。

保山市古称永昌，是著名的“西南丝绸之路”的重要驿站，是“西南丝绸之路”在中国境内的最后一段，有着频繁的商贸活动;而在抗战时期，这里又是滇西战役的主战场，著名的“滇缅公路”即由此通过。如果有兴趣于文化考察旅游，可以循着那条蹄窝深深的千年古道去探寻古丝道马帮的足迹;您还可以从那被岁月磨蚀的车辙感受到抗战的惨烈。

从秦汉起，这里就居住着哀牢夷诸部族。在这儿你可以领略世世代代生息繁衍在这块土地上的14个少数民族的风土人情。日暮西山之时，有深山村寨的袅袅炊烟引路，你徐徐迈入哀牢山寨，又能感受到另一番韵致。

走出那条蹄窝深深的千年古道，你会发现脚下延伸的是四通八达车流滚滚的现代化坦途，而当年悠然传响的马帮驮铃，也早被“波音737”啸遨蓝天的轰鸣惊得悄无声息;穿行于楼林竞高的座座新城，你会发现曾被史家们称作“西南一大都会”的保山，其实高楼早已漫过了城垣，而腾冲这个集丝路商城、书香名里、著名侨乡、旅游胜地、翡翠“超市”于一体的“极边第一城”，更是路通财通，百兴无废，处处展露出开放城市的迷人风采;检阅一个个珠玉般镶嵌在青山绿水间的高原坝子，你会惊喜地看到许多高规格的粮食基地、蔗糖基地、茶叶基地、咖啡基地、水果基地……异彩纷呈，赏心悦目，现代科学技术使永昌故地的“五谷桑麻”更加茁壮;领略世世代代生息繁衍在这块土地上的14个少数民族的风土人情，你会得知傈僳汉子曾经用来狩猎谋生的强弓硬弩，早已变成了娱乐竞技的体育器材，而他们竖起的刀杆依然豪迈，爱水的傣家人日子过得红红火火，德昂的水鼓、彝家的大钹、苗家的芦笙敲的打的吹的全是心中的快乐……这就是保山，历史与现实往往貌离神合，难解难分。

有时，它们似乎相距很远很远，有时，它们又仿佛挨得很近很近。循着马可波罗、杨升庵、徐霞客等千古名士当年留连于斯的屐痕，人们不能不惊叹保山风物的精彩纷呈、瑰丽神奇：千年古道，拾不尽历史的遗珠;高山深菁，掩不住迷人的风景;陋室荒庙，曾隐高人俊士……这里不仅有大自然鬼斧神工的世界级杰作――气象万千的高黎贡山、纵贯千里的怒江大峡谷、含浆入眠的腾冲火山、激情澎湃的热海奇观，还有悠悠历史熔铸的璀璨夺目的边地文化之链――从成批的古猿、古人类化石和数百处古文化遗址到九隆神话、哀牢遗迹;从汉唐的路渡堰营、古寺高塔到明清的索桥烽燧、亭台楼阁;从历史文化名城保山、腾冲的悠悠古韵到诸多历史文化名乡名村的质朴雅俗;从蜀汉名臣吕凯的《答雍书》、抗战县长张问德的《答田岛书》到明朝侍郎张南园的《漫录》、民国元老李印泉的《文征》;从杨升庵的状元楼到艾思奇的`纪念馆……文物、古迹俯拾即是，名人、奇书代不断线……

保山风物，蕴古国故郡数千年岁月之精华，聚怒水沧江数百里腴壤之孕育，历古而弥鲜，洋洋而为大观，不愧此地占九隆风景，其中萃三属人文。

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好!

昆仑山区有100多种高等植物，但一般都是低矮的灌木类。野生动物都是高原特有的如藏羚羊、野牦牛、野驴等。新疆和田的昆仑山麓出产最高质量的美玉，从古代起就是中原地区玉石的主要来源，因此《千字文》提到“玉出昆岗”。

整座山遍布著沙漠或至多可以名之为草原的地方的状况制约植被的发展。许多地区有岩石沙漠构成。偶见的死水塘为诸如藏羚羊和藏岩羚羊以及大群野驴(骞驴)和成群的野犛牛等数种野生有蹄动物提供水草。在较为潮润的西部山脉，大角野羊在高处的草原吃草。青绵羊、拉达克东方盘羊及高地山羊零星分布于整个西部山区上部的岩石上。水道附近的柳丛常有棕熊;狼为当地特有，但雪豹就为罕见。许多候水鸟在季节迁徙中常出没此处的湖泊。

大理州地处云贵高源与横断山脉结合部位，地势西北高，东南低。地貌复杂多样，点苍山以西为高山峡谷区。点苍山以东、祥云以西为中山陡坡地形。境内的山脉主要属云岭山脉及怒山山脉，点苍山位于州境中部，如拱似屏，巍峨挺拔。北部剑川与怒江州兰坪白族自治县交界处的雪斑山是州内群山的最高峰，海拔4295米。最低点是云龙县怒江边的红旗坝，海拔730米。州内湖盆众多，面积在1.5平方公里以上的盆地有18个，面积共71.49平方公里。占全州总面积的6.6%。盆地多为线形盆地，呈带状分布，从西向东排列为6个带。第四纪山岳冰川遗址分布于洱海以西，永平以北的高山区，大理点苍山是我国最后一次冰期“大理冰期”的命名地。主要河流属金沙江、澜沧江、怒江、红河(元江)四大水系，有大小河流160多条，呈羽状遍布全州。州境内分布有洱海、天池、茈碧湖、西湖、东湖、剑湖、海西海、青海湖8个湖泊。洱海位于大理市境东部，是云南省第二大内陆淡水湖泊，风光明媚，素有“高原明珠”之称，为国家级重点风景名胜区。

大理主要自然风光旅游景点/景区：鸡足山 ·南诏风情岛 ·剑川石宝山 ·大理云景 ·鸟道雄关 ·洱源 ·剑川满贤林·弥渡县东山国家森林公园·天龙洞·百鸟朝凤 ·云龙天池·天池 ·云弄峰

大理历史悠久，文物古迹众多，在大理古城及周围分布甚广，它们以古城为中心，沿苍山之麓、洱海之滨呈线状分布。大理市现已确定不同级别的重点文物保护单位50处。明洪武十五年(公元1382年)修建并完整保留至今的大理古城，屏山镜水环境优美，古朴典雅生意盎然，并成为当地历史文化的主要载体，国家级重点文物保护单位崇圣寺三塔、太和城遗址(含南诏德化碑)，省级元世祖平云南碑、苍山神祠、佛图寺塔、喜洲白族民居建筑群……等文物古迹，纵贯了唐(南诏)、宋(大理国)、元、明、清及民国等各个历史时期。

大理主要人文古迹旅游景点：崇圣寺三塔 ·云南驿古镇 ·巍山古城 ·白族村寨周城(扎染之乡) ·严家院 ·剑川木雕 ·千年白族村 ·云龙太极图·大慈寺火葬墓群·虎头山古建筑群规范化富贵花大理白族自治州，是一个以白族为主的多民族地区。境内居住有彝、回、傈僳、苗、汉等民族。各个民族都有自己的独特的风俗民情，绚丽多姿多彩的民族婚礼，风趣的掐新娘活动，意味无穷的取乳名和抢名习俗，一驮谷子换一驮梨的古朴交易，简朴的回族葬礼，组成了特有的民族风俗“大观园”。云南白族有140多万人，80%居住在大理白族自治州。白族是一个能歌善舞的民族，继电影《五朵金花》蛰声中外之后，白族姑娘个个被中外友人统称为“金花”，白族小伙则被称作“阿鹏”。金花、阿鹏们流传着自己独特的文化艺术，从白文“山花碑”到现在还在演唱的三七一五句式的白族调和大本曲;有着各种丰富多彩的民族节日和集市，如：绕三灵、栽秧会、三月街等。

大理地方文化灿烂，民族风情浓郁。大理作为数百年云南政治、经济、文化中心，作为滇西大城的地位，文人名流荟集，史籍文献甚丰。加之，在当地占主要地位的白族人民，文化素养历来较高。因此，明、清以来大理素有“文献名邦”之称。历代以来人才辈出。

大理文化是中原文化、藏传文化、东南亚文化及当地民族文化融合的产物;是我国西南少数民族地区悠久历史灿烂的古代文化;是中华文化链中一个重要组成部分。白族人民从服饰、住居、婚嫁、信仰、习俗以及庆典节日，都充满着独特的民族情趣，这些浓郁的民族风情，增添了古城的历史文化气氛，亦更加增添了大理历史文化名城的迷人色彩。

大理历史文化名城同时荣戴国家级大理风景名胜区双重桂冠。大理风景名胜区主要含苍山、洱海、白族风情以及大理、巍山历史文化名城。

各位游客朋友，“东门里面大佛寺，东门外面接官厅，南门里面阳和楼，南门外面麦饭亭，西门里面石鸡叫，西门外面万人坑，北门里面韩信洞，北门外面出石青。”这是哪?这就是我的家乡——正定。正定位于石家庄北15千米，京广铁路、京深高速公路从境内穿过。正定是北京的南大门，历来是兵家必争之地，历史上与保定、北京并称为“北方三雄镇”，至今正定的南城门还嵌有“三关雄镇”的石刻。正定是一座历史悠久的文化古城，春秋为鲜虞国，战国属于中山国，赵灭中山后就归了赵国。秦时属于恒山郡。汉初时叫东垣县，汉高祖时更名为真定，意思就是“真正安定”之意。1400多年以来，这里一直是府、州、郡、县所在地。清雍正元年时(公元1723年)因为世宗胤祯忌讳“真定”这两个字，所以改“真定”为“正定”沿用至今。

各位游客朋友，源远流长的历史，给正定留下风格独特的名胜古迹，素以“三山不见，九桥不流，九楼四塔八大寺，二十四座金牌坊”而著称。“三山不见”指的是历史上正定曾用过的中山、恒山、常山的名字，但正定却没有山。“九桥不流”说的是隆兴寺前面的三座桥、县衙和县文庙大殿前面各有的三座孔桥，但都是旱桥。“九楼四塔八大寺”指的是原城内的四个门楼、四个角楼、还有阳和楼;四塔是凌霄塔、华塔、须弥塔、澄灵塔;八大寺指的是隆兴寺、广惠寺、临济寺、开元寺、天宁寺、前寺、后寺、崇因寺;“二十四座金牌坊”是过去正定拥有大大小小二十四座金牌坊，例如像较大的许家牌坊、梁家牌坊、圣德通天、德配天地等。正定现有国家文物保护单位4处、省级文物保护单位7处。古城正定于1990年被列为省级历史文化名城，1994年被列为国家级历史文化名城。

各位游客朋友，正定的旅游具有“亦新亦古”“亦雅亦俗”特点。在名胜古迹中，最有名气的还得是始建于隋开皇六年(公元586年)的中国十大名寺之一的隆兴寺。隆兴寺是宋代开国皇帝赵匡胤亲自敕封扩建的，是我国现存时代最早、规模最大、保存较为完整的古建筑群，在国内外享有很高的声誉，被著名的古建筑学家梁思成先生誉为“京外名刹之首寺内有21.3米高的铜铸大悲菩萨。还有石桥、天王殿、大觉六师殿(遗址)、弥陀殿、毗卢殿等。寺中的“倒坐观音”被鲁迅先生称为“东方美神”。“转轮藏”被物理学家称为牛顿定律运作的典范，还有中国最古最大的藏经橱。隋龙藏寺碑是国内著名古碑刻之一，曾被康有为推崇为“隋碑第一”，还有高22米的大佛是我国现存最早最髙的铜铸立佛，其平面十字形的“摩尼殿”运用典型的宋代营造手法建筑。正定周边还有四座名塔，广惠寺的华塔是金钢塔与花塔的巧妙结合;天宁寺的凌霄塔位居我国木制阁塔之首;开元寺的唐代钟楼与古塔相对应的营造手法，是古代劳动人民聪明与智慧的结晶;临济寺的澄灵塔是佛教临济宗创始人义玄法师的衣钵塔，目前已经成为中日友好的见证和纽带。还有一些新建的景观，主要以弘扬民族文化为主要内容。坐落在正定城内的荣国府是完全按照曹雪芹的名著《红楼梦》中的描述设计、修建的，是我国第一座具有明清建筑风格的仿古建筑群，大型电视连续剧《红楼梦》的大部分场景就是在这里拍摄的。

各位游客朋友，正定人杰地灵，相信大家都知道赵云赵子龙吧?他可是三国时期赫赫有名的大将。人们都说“胜败乃兵家常事”，可赵云是历史上唯一一位常胜将军。而赵云庙，顾名思义就是为赵云所建的庙。赵云庙主要建筑有庙门、四义殿、五虎殿、君臣殿和顺平侯殿，基本保留和丰富了原庙的历史风貌。除了赵子龙外，正定还是百岁帝王赵佗的故里、中国民间艺术之乡、是河北省会石家庄的北大门。正定历史悠久，名胜古迹众多，文化积淀深厚，无愧于“古建筑宝库”的美誉。

各位游客朋友，正定不仅名建筑多，文化底蕴深厚，而且美食也多。其中最出名的有马家鸡。马家鸡也俗称马家卤鸡，它有鲜明的回族特色：不食死禽，讲究饮食卫生;能长期保持色、香、味、形不变。听了我的介绍，您是不是流口水了?那就来正定吧。记着，在观看景区后，一定要去尝尝美味的马家鸡哦!

在云南丽江，我和妈妈去了一个美丽的地方，名叫拉市海。

当我们刚来到拉市海，就被那里的风景给迷住了，那里有有辽阔的草原，草原上有绿油油的嫩草，草原上有数不清的马，马长得很健壮。草原的旁边就是拉市海，四周有许多的山，围绕着拉市海，山翠绿翠绿的。在那高山上，还住着许多彝族人呢!

拉市海很有名的，曾经有人在这里拍过“一米阳光”电视剧。看到这么美的山和草原，我玩兴大发，于是我碰了碰妈妈说：“我想去骑马和划船!”，妈妈同意了。我们一开始坐在马上，脚都发抖了，后来，牵马的爷爷说：“全身放松悠闲的样子，就不怕了。”我照着做了，果然一点都不怕了，我身下的马其实很矮，是那种小种马，非常温顺。，看着蓝天和大草原，我的心胸也开阔起来，放马奔跑了一会，感觉自已也象个小骑手。后来我们又去划船了，划船的时候，我问了一下水底下为啥这么多草。船夫说:“近几年卧虎山成了旅游区后，把水引到这里后，就变成了拉市海，所以水底还可以看到原来种的庄稼和水草。这里的水特别的绿，特别的美。

不知不觉天黑下来了，公园要关门了，这时才觉得时间过得特别快，我和妈妈只能依依不舍地离开了拉市海。但我想，等我长大我一定再来看看这个地方。