请写一篇导游词介绍青岛(最新20篇)

我听说杭州是个美如仙境的旅游胜地，十月金秋的杭州更美。我很期待可以去杭州游玩。从桐庐出发，一路上阳光明媚，心情舒畅。一个小时的时间我们就到了杭州，心情一下子激动了起来。

你也许赏过桂花，但你有没有在香气扑鼻的桂花树下吃饭，喝茶的经历呢?杭州的石屋洞是夜赏桂花的最佳地方。一进石屋洞就嗅到空气中桂花飘香，灯光下的石屋带着几分幽静，夜色中的桂花显得加秀丽。这里我不由地想起了《咏桂》这首诗：不是人间种，移从月中来，广寒香一点，吹得满山开。抬头望去，桂花密密麻麻地挂满了枝头，沉甸甸的。 这时，一阵风吹来，香气更加溢满了四周，我拼命地呼吸，我要把这份香甜带回宁波，留在我心里。

第二天一早，我们来到了西溪湿地，秋天的西溪湿地是火柿丰收的季节。我们租了一条摇橹船，四周飘荡着爸爸手提电脑中播放的江南水乡音乐，悠闲地一路摇进西溪最宁静的水路中。两边芦苇丛生，水鸟们息憩在水草上，小灯笼似的火柿桂满枝头，各种水草密集地生长着。我仿佛走进了仙境，自由地享受着这份宁静。我情不自禁地感叹道：天哪，原来美丽是可以用心发现的。真舍不得走出天堂般的秋天的西溪湿地。

晚上我们决定夜游西湖，我们一家三口又租了一条摇橹船，荡漾在这水面如镜的湖面上。夜晚的西湖灯火辉煌，一阵风吹来，水波轻轻打着我们的船沿，灯光下的湖面如绸缎般的柔软。船老大一路指点沿途风景，讲述白蛇传的故事，我们曾去欣赏过的印象西湖也在热闹地演出。晚上的西湖更加充满神秘，用一句古诗来形容就是“淡装浓抹总相宜”。

最后一天，我们来到了太子湾游玩，那里的空气清新，大片大片草地绿荫让我更加流连忘返。我的照相机帮我留了这些最美的风景。你看，两边的草坪上人们在嬉戏，清澈见底的小溪水在静静的流淌，小鱼无拘无束地在水中游动。这种景象让我产生了想留在这里的念头。

快乐的时光过得很快，我依依不舍地离开了杭州。我要尽情地欣赏杭州一年四季的景色，所以下个季节我要与杭州有个约定。

老龙头就是长城的源头，长城从这里开始，大海在这里结束，是一个著名的旅游景点。当我们赶到老龙头的时候，天公真不给力，受到台风“梅花”的影响下起了小雨。我们撑起雨伞，在雨中游览老龙头。

首先我们看到的是龙武营，当年有八九百名士兵驻扎在这里。一进门就看到了两间房屋对门，左边的是碾坊，里面有两台巨大的石磨，要转动它们需要很大的力气。在没有磨面机的当年，要想磨出粮食来真不容易呢。对面是粥房，应该就是做饭的地方。里面有一口超级大的锅，很深，我都能站进去，估计能够好几百人吃。

我们又参观了当年睡觉、练兵的地方，还看到了大量的火炮、攻城用具，我头一次看到了我国的古代军事防御力量是如此的强大，有了戚继光这样优秀的将领和这样强大的军事防御，敌人就只能啃墙角了。

漫步在老龙头景区内，我感受到浓重的古代文化。沿着风景如画的小径，观赏着两旁的花草树木，来到了海岸边。

海岸边是一排白色的沙滩，那边是一望无际的茫茫大海，海天连一线，徐徐的海风吹来让人感到凉爽，正好这时雨停了，我和表弟就来到岸边玩耍。

表弟头一次见到海，显得有点紧张。表弟是个标准的旱鸭子，见到水就怕，我说：“那你还是在岸边玩吧，反正这里也禁止游泳。”表弟一听就来了劲儿，说：“我一定要学会游泳。”于是我们一起站到了海里，海水有点凉，还有点咸，不过还是让人感到舒适和惬意。

在海里玩够了后，我们来到岸边的沙滩上，修建我们的沙滩工程。表弟修筑了许多高大的堡垒，我则做些城墙围起来，我们把自己的沙滩工程称作“蓝湾·贝壳城”，忙得不亦乐乎。过了一会儿，老爸来提醒我们：“我们该走啦。”我们恋恋不舍地离开了，表弟有些郁闷，我安慰他：“明天我们去北戴河，可以修建二期工程。”

此刻我才发现，老龙头就在我们的身边。长城的源头显得十分高大，有一截伸进了海里。我们也赶紧登上长城和老龙头亲密接触。来到了长城的源头，通过城垛我看到了美丽的大海，远处有远航的轮船，还有在海岸边玩耍的人们……老龙头，可真美。

各位团友，现在请随我入寺参观。这是天王殿，于1925年重建的，1981年中国佛教协会会长赵朴初题写了“天王殿”匾额。天王殿里，除四大天王外，中间还有笑口常开的弥勒佛，他的身后是护法韦驮。四大天王又称护世天王，中国称四大金钢，有坚固、锐利、无坚不摧之意：东方持国天王，身白，手持无弦琵琶，意为“弦弹破苦”;南方增长天王，身青，手持无鞘剑，意为劈开爱锁情枷，斩尽妖魔;西方广目天王，身红，右手绕无鳞龙，左手念珠，叫吞龙吐珠，意即如意吉祥;北方多闻天王，身绿，右手持无骨伞，左手握银鼠，意为苦海慈航。这些法器，均有含义：剑，锋也，谐喻“风”;琵琶，暗指“调”;伞，隐喻“雨”;龙，有通的含义，暗指“顺”。“风调雨顺”乃万事如意，国泰民安!而盘坐殿正中的叫弥勒佛。相传弥勒佛出生于印度一个婆罗门家庭，后来出家拜佛为师，佛预言他将继承释迦弁尼为未来佛。我们看到的这位弥勒佛已经不是印度的弥勒佛，相传他是我国五代后梁时，明州(今宁波)奉化人，名契此。他常常荷一布袋，云游四方，无忧无虑，自由自在，劝人信佛，且总是眉开颜笑，和善待人，因而人们称他“布袋和尚”。布袋和尚在岳林寺磐石上坐化时念一偈：“弥勒真弥勒，分身千百亿，时时示世人，世人自不识。”人们这才醒悟他是弥勒佛的化身。人们也常用“开口常笑笑天下一切可笑之人，大肚能容容天下一切难容之事。”来形容他。

弥勒佛身后的韦驮，按佛教寺院的规矩，韦驮面朝大雄宝殿的释迦弁尼，身着甲胄，手持降魔金刚杵，其意是保护佛祖，驱除邪魔。韦驮英勇善战，威镇八方，饰以童子面相，表明其有赤子之心。传说如果韦驮手持着地金刚杵，表示寺庙是子孙庙，对外来云游僧不开放，至多只能在寺中吃两餐，不得留宿;假如金刚杵是横放在韦驮的手臂上，表示寺庙是十方丛林，游僧可免费食宿;若韦驮左手卡腰，右手握金刚杵过额就说明这寺庙对游僧要适当收费。南普陀寺原为世袭制子孙庙，韦驮的金刚杵是着地的，改为十方丛林制后，金刚杵没有改为横放在手臂上，仍保持原样。按十方丛林的寺规，云游僧人是可以免费食宿的。江苏常州天宁寺的韦驮是坐着的，全国独一无二。据说乾隆出巡江南，行至常州天宁寺，参拜佛祖时，发现韦驮在侧，顺时说了一名：韦驮，你跑得快，到天津买“狗不理”来吃，说完就径直往寺后方丈室饮茶去了。待乾隆从方丈室出来时，韦驮手托冒着热气的“狗不理”，跪在呈上，满头是汗。乾隆见状说：累成这样，赐你坐下。从此，天宁寺的韦驮是坐着的。

各位团友：

我们在青岛已经游览了半天的时间，我见大家对大海都非常的亲切，很多朋友还捡了些小螃蟹、小海星、小贝壳之类的东西。在咱们青岛有一道地道的特色菜，叫做“萝卜丝炖虾”，很好吃也很有营养，那大家知道这世界上个头最大的虾是什么虾吗?先别急着告诉我，大家好好的想想，我在这里也卖个关子，一会儿再公布答案。

去过北京的客人，肯定听过这样一句话，“没登上八达岭长城，别说您来了北京。”来我们青岛，也有一句话叫做“没看过海底世界，别说你到过青岛”。旅游圈还流行这样一句话“到了上海看人头，到了西安看坟头，到了北京看墙头”，那么到了我们青岛看啥呢?——看海里头!

乘船看海，可以感受海风阵阵，却看不到海的精髓;登高望海，可以欣赏海的博大胸怀，却望不到海的奥妙。所以来青岛的朋友都会选择一条可以领略到大海神奇奥妙的旅程，那就是参观青岛海底世界。

在那里有“日本钳工”之称的巨螯蟹，它来自日本附近的深海，双螯展开比人的手臂还长，可以说是世界上最高大的钳工了;海蜇大家都吃过吧，倒吊水母跟它很亲近，它们随水飘动时犹如蓝天上的降落伞一样漂亮，水母的触手上有一种秘密武器——刺丝胞，里面有刺丝，含有毒素，可以使猎物麻醉，因此被人称为空降部队;我国南海的鹦鹉螺，它们是生活在深海里的活化石，是国际一级保护动物，它们有一个漂亮的花纹贝壳，里面有许多气室，可以用来调节浮力，还可以用来储存氧气用来维持生命活动。世界上第一艘核潜艇“鹦鹉螺号”就是根据鹦鹉螺的结构而设计制造的;海马是一种十分奇特的海洋鱼类，头部外形像马一样，尾巴卷曲，可以钩住海藻，浑身上下披着厚厚的铠甲，最为奇特的是，雄性海马有一个育儿囊，雌性会把卵生在雄性的育儿囊中，由雄性孵化，如果您在海底世界看到身怀六甲的父亲也就不足为奇了。同时，海马还是非常名贵的中药呢!这些海洋生物，只是奇妙的海底世界中的几种，除此之外还有许多难得一见的稀有海洋生物，如古老奇特的非洲肺鱼、会在水中放电的电鳗、美丽的热带珊瑚礁鱼，生活在南极的小天使，通体透明的小精灵，透明到我们可以看到他的内脏。除了这种.种千奇百怪的海洋生物能给你留下难以忘怀的印象，青岛海底世界还创造了多项全国第一乃至世界第一，相信会给您留下了无限遐想的空间。

国内第一家开放式海洋实验室——当您带着孩子参观游览海底世界的同时也接受了海洋科普教育。

海洋生物标本馆——是世界上馆藏海洋生物标本最全的博物馆之一，也是全国唯一一家专业性海洋生物标本馆。成立七十多年来，共收集了1950余类，2万多件的珍稀海洋生物标本，其中有多种濒危珍稀海洋生物，唯此独有。

世界上已知最大的海洋动物标本——抹香鲸的展厅，在那里有70年代青岛搁浅的抹香鲸骨骼标本及外皮标本，抹香鲸大家见过吗?很大，像小潜水艇一样大，因为能从它身体里提取龙涎香而得名。

国内海洋旅游业第一个服务品牌——“海底情深”，到处是无微不至的关怀。

这里还有：

难得一见的精彩表演，惊心动魄的人鲨共舞，美轮美奂的美人鱼表演。

“从海上看青岛是最美丽的!”现在也可以说从海底看青岛更是另一番美景!咱们这几天的旅程打的都是游击战，今天我们可以改变一下战术，来一次地道战，让我们潜入深海，与神秘的海洋来个第一次亲密接触!

“不到长城非好汉，不去海底真遗憾!”的确，青岛的海底世界值得您一看。否则，您来你一次青岛如果没去海底世界，我可不想您回去之后成为中国的第57个民族---“不满族(足)”!

那各位就要问了，海底世界这么精彩门票贵不贵呀?如果所有馆都看而分开买票，需120元每人。若买通票只需100元。还有，70岁以上老人，1.2米以下儿童免票，1.2—1.4米儿童，60岁以上老人，现役军人半票。咱们也马上要到海底世界了，请各位团友准备下车。

滇池古称滇南泽，又名昆明湖。关于滇池名称的由来有四种说法。据晋常璩《华阳国志·南中志》说：滇池因“下流浅狭，如倒流，故曰滇池。”这是从地理形态上讲。另一种说法是寻音考义，认为“滇者，颠也。”也有的认为是彝语的“甸”，即大坝子之意。第三种说法，是从民族称谓来考证，《史记·西南夷列传》载：“滇”，在古代是这一地区最大的部落名称(氐羌“叟族”、“僰族”或“填戎”)，楚将庄蹻入滇后，变服随俗称滇王，故先有滇池部落，才有滇池名。第四种说法认为：“滇”是壮语的“亭”或“祠”，指祠堂的所在地。

《滇池地区历史地理》载：古老羌族的的文化传统是“屈肢葬”及火葬。滇池地区先秦、两汉数百座墓葬的发掘，“屈肢葬”仅有一具，其余均“仰身葬”，火葬的遗迹没有发现和报道。这证明先秦、两汉时期滇池地区的居民与氐、羌关系不大。而世所公认的彝族先民——“昆明人”，最早来到滇池地区是在东汉以后。西汉的《史记》说：“楚威王时，将军庄蹻……至滇池”，“滇池”地名就已载入史册。北魏郦道元的《水经注》说：“池，……上源深广，下流浅狭，但如倒流，故曰滇池。”所以，“水系颠倒说”，比较可信。

古城中的店铺熙熙攘攘，店中的商品更是百货齐全。银光耀眼的银器、图案新颖的披肩、小巧精致的民族娃娃、也成了古城中的一道风景。

古城中心――四方街更是热闹，由整齐繁华的铺面围成一块方形街面，称四方街，自清初，就有四方商旅来这里贸易，使丽江古城成为滇西北主要的商品集散地和手工艺品产地。

夜幕降临，古城中的游客们没有选择走出古城，而是留在了古城中的客栈中，在古城客栈中继续欣赏古城的美。天渐渐黑了下来，古城中的人丝毫没有减少。酒吧一条街到了夜晚也开始热闹起来，在酒吧的二楼，不论是谁，都对起歌来，楼上没有地方了，就到楼下来，连桥都没放过。有了对歌的人们，两边的酒吧也成了一道靓丽的风景线。

天空中下起了雨，透过雨看见朦朦胧胧的古城，也是一番美景，两边的房子变得模糊了，雨打在小溪中，溅起一朵朵水花，雨声伴着对歌的声音，歌声显得更好听了。雨越下越大，人们依然不想离开，打起伞，接着游古城。在古城的高处抬眼望去，一把把伞像一朵朵漂亮的花儿，空中回荡着歌声和雨声，故然有种想永远留在这里的感觉。

尊敬的各位游客，大家好!首先，我代表旅行社欢迎大家的到来，我叫(欢迎词——自我介绍、表达良好的服务意愿、旅行中的注意事项等等。)

今天我们要游览的是位于天津蓟县北部的黄崖关长城。万里长城是中国古代劳动人民创造的奇迹，是中华民族智慧的结晶。气势磅礴、雄伟壮观的万里长城犹如一条巨龙，是中华民族的象征。提到长城您会想到嘉峪关、山海关、居庸关等着名关隘，其实黄崖关也是万里长城的重要组成部分，1990年以“蓟北雄关”被列入津门十景之首。

黄崖关长城分黄崖关和太平寨两个景区。黄崖关以雄伟见长，太平寨以多变取胜。我们现在所处的景区,就是黄崖关景区。它始建于北齐天宝7年，明隆庆年间，民族英雄戚继光任蓟镇总兵时，对这段长城进行包砖和大修，形成了战台敌楼、边城掩体、水关烟墩、古寨营盘等各项防御设施一应俱全的壮观景象。

请大家随我往前走，眼前的这座古牌楼，它始建于明天顺四年，正面书“蓟北雄关”，意思是：此地乃为蓟镇北大门，是控扼入关的咽喉要地，为历代兵家必争之地。黄崖关是蓟镇长城的重要关隘，关城建在两山之间，封锁着泃河河谷，地势十分险要，故称“蓟北雄关”。背面写“金汤巩固”，形容黄崖关固若金汤、坚不可摧。黄崖关长城设立了凤凰楼、长城主体城墙和八卦关城三道防御体系，成为坚不可摧的军事防御工程。

大家请看城楼上，“黄崖口关”的匾额，为明代着名抗倭名将戚继光将军题写。为什么叫黄崖关呢?大家请看，长城周围山石颜色都是黄褐色的，不同程度含有铁的成分，当太阳光照射时，发出一种亮丽的金属颜色。山上有黄崖，山下有雄关，所以得名黄崖关。

进入黄崖口关，就进入了全国长城沿线上独一无二的八卦关城，又称为“八卦迷魂阵”，它是按八卦图形规律构筑的防御阵式。八卦城占地4万平方米，整体布局以提调公署为中心，由西北方按顺时针分为“乾、坎、艮、震、巽、离、坤、兑”分八个卦区，内设三关九门，布局错综复杂。有纵横交错40多条街，有丁字形、回字形、有的还在交叉的地方故意错位。凡此种种，都给人一种强烈的军事色彩。一般进来之后都会绕来绕去，找不到出口，难怪会有“八卦迷魂阵”之称呢。所以您在参观时一定要跟着队伍走，搞不好您真会迷路呢。

我们现在来到的是坐落于八卦城坤卦区内的长寿园。其中收入10003种不同写法的“寿”字，被载入了吉尼斯世界纪录之最。迎面就是一座砖雕的寿字影壁，绕过砖雕的寿字影壁，我们看到水池中浮出一个巨大的寿字，独字成桥。这就是长寿桥。俗话说“走过长寿桥，福寿乐逍遥”。“寿字桥上走一走，逍遥活到九十九。”这话说不说在我，信不信可得由大家了。

现在大家已经来到了八卦城的中心——提调公署院内。提调公署是明代镇守长城最高行政长官处理军务和民事的场所，是当时的指挥中心。1986年10月，这里已辟为全国第一座长城历史博物馆。

现在我们就来到了毛泽东诗词墨迹碑林。迎面青石上，镌刻着题写的“毛泽东诗词墨迹碑林”，它通高1.226米，寓意毛主席12月26日生日。碑林里镌刻了毛泽东从1920xx年到1964年间创作的28首诗词手稿，共计1893字，恰与毛泽东诞生之年巧合。以《沁园春.雪》主碑的毛泽东诗词墨迹碑林，艺术地再现了毛泽东同志在不同历史时期表露的伟人胸怀和气魄。1993年10月，为纪念毛泽东诞为辰一百周年，在碑林院中央塑立一尊主席立身铜像。把他在硝烟弥漫的岁月里目视长城内外，指点江山，激扬文字的领袖风范和诗人风采表现的淋漓尽致。

往前走，我们现在来到了黄崖正关，又称为北极阁，俗称玄武庙。黄崖正关地处狐仙晃和王帽顶两座高山之间的峡谷中，它巧妙地与陡峭的悬崖绝壁融为一体，形式极其险要。我们看黄崖正关城楼下面建台，上面建阁，但不留北门，为什么呢?相传明成祖朱棣信奉道教，他认为继承帝位，是因得到北神之助，便在京东一带和他出兵打仗的地方大建玄武庙，保佑他的江山稳固，为了避免人行和车马通过冲撞北神，所以不设北门。

请大家往北眺望，在千米之外的孤峰顶上，建有一座巨大的圆形空心敌楼——凤凰楼。传说因有凤凰栖息在此而得名。这也是黄崖关长城的第一道军事防线。第二道就是我们所在的这条主体城墙，可以说是城宽墙厚，易首难攻;第三道呢就是我们刚刚走过的八卦迷魂阵。三道防线使黄崖关长城真的是金汤巩固，坚不可摧。

从这越过泃河，攀上东岸，就是太平寨游览区了。在登长城处的门前，矗立着戚继光的雕像。这位抗委将领不仅对长城的边墙加固加高，还在这段城墙上增修了1000余座结构各异，雄伟壮观的墩台和敌楼。其中一座名为“寡妇楼”。据说人们是为了纪念12位士兵的妻子，继承丈夫的遗志，以身报国的伟大精神而为敌楼命名的。

接下来的时间，大家可以自己登一登长城，在此我祝愿大家在今后的工作和生活中一帆风顺。谢谢。

绍兴沈园原为沈姓旧业，是南宋时当地名园。园中有芦池，上有石板小桥，连同池边假山、水井，均为当年旧物。

南宋诗人陆游初婚唐琬，后被迫离异。绍兴二十五年(1155年)，二人在沈园邂逅。当时唐已改嫁，陆亦另娶。陆游一时感慨万端，在园壁题《钗头凤》词一首云：“红酥手，黄滕酒，满城春色宫墙柳。东风恶，欢情薄，一杯愁绪，几年离索。错，错，错!春如旧，人空瘦，泪痕红邑鲛绡透。桃花落，闲池阁，山盟虽在，锦书难托。莫，莫，莫!”极言痛若之情。唐见后和作一首，中有：“病魂常似秋千索”，“怕人寻问，咽泪装欢，瞒，瞒，瞒!”之语，不久抑郁而亡。《陆游集》中，有记咏沈园、追念往事的诗多首。

1987、1994年两次扩建，全园占地恢复到18.5亩。园内新建了石碑坊、冷翠 亭、六朝井亭、八咏楼、孤鹤轩、双桂堂、闲云亭、半壁亭、放翁桥等仿宋 建筑，堆置了假山，栽植桃、梅、柳、竹，重修题词壁断垣，重镌陆游《钗 头凤》词，使故园展现了原貌。 沈园与绍兴博物馆合二为一后，按规划还将不断扩充修复，以重现宋时 “池台极盛”的风采。 20xx年5月，沈园增添新景。主要有：陆游纪念馆、连理园、情侣园等三 大部分，十多个景点。沈园将不断扩充修复，以重现宋时“池台极盛”的风采。

各位游客大家好，我是__旅行社的导游员，我姓宋，在接下来的几天当中，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的名胜风景，期望透过我的讲解，能够是您对北京留下十分完美的印象，同时也期望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，此刻我们就开始这天的游览行程吧。

故宫占地72万平方米，其中建筑面积为16.3万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米，周围有10米高的城墙环绕，还有宽52米的护城河，在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。明朝永乐皇帝朱棣登基不久，在永乐四年，也就是1406年下诏营建北京紫禁城。修建分为两个阶段，第一阶段是从永乐四年开始备料，而第二阶段就是在永乐十五年，1417年六月开始动工兴建，历时14年，在永乐十八年，1420年完工。在建造过程中，征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫100万人，而建筑材料都来自全国各地，比如汉白玉石来北京房山，金砖来自苏州，石灰来自河北易州，五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山，殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清，松木多来自东北，而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地，可见当时工程的浩大。故宫基本上是按照明中都皇宫的蓝图而修建的，布局规划遵循了《周礼·考工计》的都城设计礼制：前朝后寝，左祖右社。大致分为南北两个部分，南半部位前朝，北半部则为后寝。前朝是以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，文华殿和武英殿为东西两翼，是皇帝举行朝会的地方。而后寝则是以乾清、交泰、坤宁这后三殿以及东西六宫、御花园为中心，外东路、外西路的建筑为主，是皇帝处

理日常政务和后宫皇妃居住、祭祀的地方。左祖右社是这样布局的：在午门外东侧是皇帝祭祖的场所太庙，西侧则是祭社稷的场所社稷坛。按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝14位，清朝10位，统治时间总共长达五个世纪。由于它在中国历史上的特殊地位和它精美的建筑群体，所以在1987年被联合国教科文组织收录到了《世界文化遗产名录》当中，成为世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。此刻在北京有一条贯穿南北的中轴线，被梁思成先生称为伟大的中轴线，全长8.5公里，南起永定门，北到钟楼，其中包括故宫在内的皇城就占了三分之一。这条中轴线也叫做龙脉，线上的景山是内城的中心点，也是故宫的镇山。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以那里也被叫做紫禁城。那里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。下端有高12米的墩台，正中的墩台上面有门楼，两侧还设有钟鼓亭，东西两侧突出的部分叫观，上部各有廊庑13间，两端还建有重檐攒尖方亭。中央的广场叫阙。在明清两代，那里是朝廷举行颁朔大典和献俘典礼的地方。正中开了三道门，两侧都有掖门，这种做法称为“明三暗五”。五个门洞都有各自的用途：中门是皇帝专用的，或者皇帝大婚的时候，皇后能够从那里入宫，科考三甲也能够从那里入宫;平时，文武百官走左门，宗室王公走右门;掖门只有在大型活动的时候才开，三品以下的官员按照文东武西分别透过东西掖门，外国使节要从西掖

门才能够入宫;在殿试的时候，考生分单双号，从东西掖门中透过。

进入午门，我们首先看到的就是内金水河，它自西向东蜿蜒流过太和门广场，上边还有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥了。内金水河的作用不仅仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是建筑和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

在太和门两旁还有两道门，就是德昭门和贞度门。每逢皇帝出宫，都要在太和门换车，而且皇帝大婚的时候，皇后也要从太和门进入皇宫。在光绪四年的时候就发生了这样一件事：在光绪皇帝大婚前夕，太和门突然被火烧毁了，但是大婚当天皇后要从那里经过，所以朝廷就在北京寻找了能工巧匠，连夜用彩绸还有木料搭建了一座假的太和门，才使得婚礼如期进行，而在第二年，太和门才重建完成。

过了太和门我们就进入了太和殿广场，它面积有3万多平方米，在每年的元旦、冬至、还有皇帝生日以及一些重大活动的时候，都要在太和殿以及太和殿广场举行隆重的朝礼。

此刻我们面前这座宏伟的建筑就是太和殿了，它和中和殿还有保和殿是建立在一个土字型的三层台基上，台基南北长230米，高8.13米，在四周围还建有一些楼阁，其实就是清朝内务府所管辖的库房。太和殿是故宫中最高最大的建筑，面积有2377平方米，通高35.05米，面阔11间，进深5间。其实在明朝奉天殿的时候，那里市面阔9间，进深5间的大殿，到了清朝年间，将它改为了此刻的大小，其实在两侧的夹室是封闭的，不能作为正殿使用，所以实际上还市面阔9间，进深5间，同时，也将它改名为太和殿。太和二字出自于《周易》中的：“保合大和”，而太和的观念是上古天人和一观念的延伸，强调了君臣之间，人与自然之间还有个民族之间的和谐。在太和殿的屋顶正脊上还有一个高3.36米的大吻，往下还有11个垂脊兽，在我国古代，异兽的数量越多，代表了殿宇等级越高。在殿内有72根大住支撑，当中的六根是沥粉贴金云龙图案的金柱，上面支撑了藻井，再藻井当中雕刻有蟠龙，龙口中衔有轩辕镜。轩辕二字出自于我国古代天文学中的轩辕星，意思就是轩辕黄帝之星，也是掌管雷雨之星，在殿顶上建有藻井，一是为了代表当朝的皇帝才是中华民族的正统继承人，第二则是起到了镇火的作用。

殿内的陈设也十分的多。金銮宝座是明代的遗物，清朝的皇帝继续使用。在袁复辟的时候，以前将它换成了一个中西合璧，不伦不类类似沙发的座椅，解放以后，专家们在家具库中发现了原先的宝座，经过一年多的整修，最后恢复了它本来的面貌。

殿内的地平床高6尺多，上面设有屏风，宝座等，在台面上还有香亭、仙鹤等等。在皇帝上朝的时候，就要点燃檀香，烘托出一种神秘的气氛。殿中有一只象，身上驼着宝瓶，里面放有五谷，寓意天下太平，吉庆有余。而象身四脚立地，稳如泰山，象征社会和政权的稳固。称为太平有象。角端，是传说中的一种神兽，象征着当今皇帝是圣明之君。仙鹤被古人认为是一种长寿鸟，象征着江山长存。香亭是从香炉演变而来的，放在殿中，象征着国家安定。

在太和殿外还有很多的陈设。日：是我国古代的计时器，在此处标准的北京时间

嘉量则是乾隆年间全国的标准化计量器，在乾清宫前也有一个。铜龟铜鹤都是长寿的动物，放置在那里也是寓意长寿。在故宫内有大小水缸308口，用来防火，叫做太平缸。在太和殿外的这两个镏金大缸，重2吨，但是上面的黄金却被八国联军用军刀刮走了。围绕着太和殿，还有一些故事。在1908年12月，四岁的溥仪在太和殿登基，他的父亲跪在宝座下，扶着他，但是溥仪却哭喊着说：“我不再这儿，我要回家，我不再这儿，我要回家。”他的父亲只好说：“别哭了别哭了，快完了。”典礼结束以后，文武百官窃窃私语说这不是个好兆头。果不其然，三年以后，孙中山先生领导辛亥革命胜利推翻了清王朝，结束了中国的封建帝制。但是在1915年，袁窃取了辛亥革命的胜利果实，自称“洪宪皇帝”，企图恢复封建社会，还在太和殿搞了登基典礼，把三大殿中匾额上的满文统统去掉了。而且还命令京城内的煤铺把墙上的“元煤”去掉，把元宵改为汤圆。但是他只作了83天的皇帝，就在全国一片倒袁声中死了。

Dear guests

Hard work all the way!

Now, you have reached the destination of this trip: Zhangjiajie. My name is__X. Im a professional tour guide of X__ travel agency. The license number isX__. The city tourism complaint telephone number is 8380193. Its a great honorto be your guide today. I will serve you wholeheartedly and spend a wonderfultrip in Zhangjiajie.

Zhangjiajie City, located in the heart of Wuling mountains in the northwestof Hunan Province, covers an area of 9563 square kilometers with a totalpopulation of 1552000. Zhangjiajie is a multi-ethnic area, with 19 ethnicminorities with Tujia as the main body reaching 1118400, accounting for 72.06%of the citys total population, including 980000 Tujia, 108000 Bai and 26900Miao (according to the statistics at the end of 1998).

Zhangjiajie belongs to the monsoon humid climate of the middle subtropicalmountain prototype, with an average temperature of 16.8 degrees Celsius, anaverage annual rainfall of 1400 mm, a frost free period of 258 days, an averagetemperature of 28 degrees Celsius in summer and 5.1 degrees Celsius in coldmonths. It can be said that there is no severe cold in winter, no severe heat insummer and pleasant temperature in four seasons. It is the most suitable placefor human beings to live.

Please look back: Tianmen Mountain is famous all over the world. I believeyou still remember the magnificent scene of the world aerobatics Grand Prix inDecember 1999 when the plane passed through Tianmen cave.

The river we see now is called Lishui river. It originates from Badagongmountain in Sangzhi County, marshal Helongs hometown. It passes through cliffgorge for hundreds of kilometers and flows into 800 Li Dongting Lake. It is theless polluted and most beautiful "ecological river" among the four major riversin Hunan Province. The first domestic unpowered rubber boat tourism rafting islocated in Maoyan River, which is the most splendid in the upper part of the LiRiver.

The initial formation of the modern geomorphic framework of Zhangjiajie wasabout 100 million years ago in the Yanshan Himalayan period of the Mesozoic andCenozoic. Located between the uplift area of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau and thesubsidence area of Dongting Lake, the uncanny workmanship of nature has createdspectacular canyons, turbulent rivers, isolated stone peaks, deep karst cavesand mysterious underground Yinhe river for us. The first stop of our trip,Wulingyuan scenic spot in Zhangjiajie, is a classic work of naturesorogeny.

Now, I will briefly introduce the development history of ZhangjiajieCity.

Zhangjiajie used to be called Dayong instead of Zhangjiajie. It is the seatof ancient Yongguo. According to historical records, "Yong is the name of acountry. "Zuo Zhuan" in the 16th year of Wengong (611 BC), Chu destroyed Yong Sothere is a saying that "Dayong, ancient Yongguo is also".

As early as in the late primitive society, the ancestors began to breed onboth sides of the Lishui river. In the period of Yao and Shun, "Shun put his joyin Chongshan to change Nanman", so there was a saying of "Nanman" in Chinesehistory. The mountain standing side by side with Tianmen Mountain is Chongshan.After the establishment of the Qin Dynasty, the first emperor of the Qin Dynastydivided the world into 36 counties, and Dayong was assigned to Qianzhong County,which is now Yuanling County. Later, Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty,assigned Dayong to Wuling county (now Changde City) and changed it to ChongxianCounty; In the sixth year of Wu Yongan in the Three Kingdoms period (263),Songliang mountain, which is now Tianmen Mountain, suffered a landslide, whichdestroyed half of the mountain and created a world wonder, a huge cave throughthe mountain. Sun Xiu, king of Wu, regarded it as an auspicious omen. He changedSongliang mountain to Tianmen Mountain and divided Wuling County into TianmenCounty, which was in charge of four counties, so as to enhance the politicalstatus of Tianmen Mountain. In the long history of 1720 years, Dayong waspromoted and abolished several times, and went through more than 30 times ofconstruction and reform. In the early 1980s, due to the discovery of a rarenatural wonder of sandstone peak forest in the northern mountains of DayongCounty, the world was shocked.

So there was a series of big moves by the government:

In September 1982, the first National Forest Park in China was established,which filled the gap that there was no national park in China;

In February 1985, the former Central Committee of the Communist Party ofChina inscribed for Wulingyuan;

In May 1985, the State Council approved the withdrawal of Dayong county andthe establishment of Dayong city (county level);

In May 1988, the State Council approved the promotion of Dayong city to aprefecture level city with jurisdiction over Yongding District, WulingyuanDistrict, Cili County and Sangzhi County;

In August 1988, Wulingyuan was listed in the second batch of 40 nationalkey scenic spots;

On December 24, 1992, Wulingyuan was listed in the world heritage list byUNESCO;

In April 1994, the State Council approved the change of Dayong city toZhangjiajie City;

In March 1995, he personally inspected Zhangjiajie and positioned it forits future development: "building Zhangjiajie into a famous tourist attractionat home and abroad.".

So far, Zhangjiajie has finally completed the long span of time and space,and finally walked out of Xiangxi, Hunan, the whole country and the world fromthe "boudoir".

In order to achieve Jiangs goal as soon as possible, Zhangjiajie City hasformulated the "tourism driven" development strategy, which has been affirmed byHunan provincial Party committee and government. It is clear that Zhangjiajieshould regard tourism as the leading industry of the citys economic developmentand the pillar industry of enriching the people and strengthening the city.

Since the establishment of the National Forest Park in 1982, after nearly20 years of development, Zhangjiajies leading industry position has beenfurther clarified. Since the establishment of the city, the city has received16.8 million domestic and foreign tourists, including 400000 overseas tourists,with a tourism income of 3 billion yuan. In 1999, the city received 3.27 milliondomestic and foreign tourists, with a total tourism income of 950 million yuan,ranking second in the province. The proportion of tourism income to GDPincreased from 2.34% in 1989 to 16.9% in 1999. Tourism has become a leadingindustry driving the citys economic and social development and plays anincreasingly important role in the development of tourism in the whole provinceand even the whole country. The structure of the three industries was adjustedfrom 47:18:35 in 1989 to 27.0:26.4:46.6 in 1999. The leading position of thetertiary industry is more prominent and the economic structure tends to bereasonable. It has initially built a large tourism environment pattern withairports, customs, railway stations, high-grade highways, modern communications,star hotels, universities and technical secondary schools, advanced medical andhealth facilities, national folk culture exhibition base, and constantlyexpanding and improving functions. At present, Zhangjiajie railway station hasopened passenger trains with more than 10 large and medium-sized cities inChina. Zhangjiajie airport has opened flights to more than 20 large andmedium-sized cities in China, and charter flights to Hong Kong, Macao andBangkok have been opened. The city has more than 400 hotels (including more than20 star rated hotels), with a total of 40000 beds. There are 52 travel agenciesin the city, including 5 international agencies and 47 domestic agencies. Thetourism industry has 18000 employees, initially forming a supporting servicefacility integrating "food, housing, transportation, tourism, entertainment andshopping". At the same time, we have successfully received a large number ofParty and foreign heads of state and international friends, and successfullyheld several international forest protection festivals and world aerobaticscompetitions, thus winning the reputation of Zhangjiajie and expanding itspopularity. Zhangjiajie tourism is becoming mature.

迹共成一个景点。走马楼分上下两层，粉墙墨瓦，飞檐翘角。现走马楼内表演黄梅戏、抛彩球、茶道等节目。楼下有单孔石拱桥，名为梧赓古桥。西溪流水潺绕走马楼，穿桥而过，在这里可领略到西递八景之一的梧桥夜月美景。可惜现在不是夜晚，但大家也不要遗憾，更美的还在前面呢。看这座胡文光牌楼，是不是有点眼熟呀?99年昆明世博会徽园中的牌楼就是按照胡文光牌楼1:0.7的比例做的，是为徽州三绝之一的代表建筑物，

过了胡文光刺史坊，就进入西递村了.首先映入眼帘的便是瑞玉庭了。

看厅堂上的柱子上是悬挂着这幅楹联，请问有谁能帮我读一下这幅楹联?是不是发现不对呀，有错字呀?上联快乐每从辛苦得的快少一点而辛字又多一横，下联便宜多自吃亏来，多字少了一点而亏字多一点，西递素有文化之乡的美誉，村中的饱学之士比比皆是，为什么会让这样一幅写错字的楹联悬挂了百余年，期间究竟有什么奥秘呢?

原来，这幅楹联是一位成功的商人经营与处世哲学的人生体味，把徽商的经商之道和处世信条刻划得淋漓尽致。他们认为多一份辛苦就多一份快乐，在辛勤的劳动中能得到快乐和幸福，从吃亏中寻得经验，胸怀坦诚才能收益。当年的徽商正是以此为座右铭，以诚信为本，与人为善，发扬徽骆驼的精神，铸起了昔日的辉煌。厅堂上除了挂有经商之道的楹联外，还有宣扬修身和传家之道的两幅楹联。即：寿本乎仁，乐生于智;勤能补拙，俭可养廉事业从五伦做起，文章本六经得。

好了，不要感叹了，接下来，我们去桃李园，桃李园建于清朝咸丰四年(1854年)，前厅北向三间，木雕楼裙嵌着福、禄、寿、喜四个大字，别致风雅中厅较为窄小，通向后厅又有一道堂墙，为了确保中厅明亮采光和通气，除了开有天井外，中厅楼上置一木拱相围的楼上井，这一独特的设计在徽派古民居建筑中都很少见。中厅通向后厅的堂墙门洞上，石刻有清初书法家黟县人汪士道题写的桃花源里人家。后厅两侧板壁上各装有六块木雕屏门，漆雕欧阳修撰写的《醉翁亭记》，书法苍劲有力，挥洒自如。作者黄元治，是黟县西武黄村人。

迎客松，是黄山标志性的景点。迎客松，位于黄山玉屏楼旁，至今已有八个世纪的历史。

黄山被称为“天下第一奇山”，悬崖边上有三大名松，即“迎客”、“陪客”、“送客”。其中，迎客松的名声最响亮。一年四季都保持着青葱，苍劲有力。在树干中部，有一根枝干伸出去，好比一个热情好客的主人张开双臂，欢迎宾客的到来。现在，迎客松俨然成为黄山的代表。

就算没有去过黄山的人一定也知道迎客松长什么样子。因为上到庄严的人民大会堂，下至寻常老百姓的家里，都会悬挂印有迎客松的字画，象征着和平友好，也表达着主人对来客们的热情欢迎。

据小编了解，黄山迎客松是全国唯一有专门警卫看守的树木。迎客松的护理员每天要留心树木的生长情况，及时发现它们的变化，并且给予相应的措施。白天的时候，护理员们还要站在迎客松的保护栏外面，提醒着游人们注意保护树木，在林区内不要吸烟。

迎客松的出名不仅仅是因为其外形，更是因为它所传达的精神。它代表着自强不息、奋发拼搏、百折不挠、团结奉献的精神。自古以来，就有很多文人志士为它撰写诗篇，如：

七律·黄山迎客松

黄山愚人

奇松矗立玉屏前，四季伴生云雾间。

根下从无一撮土，青狮石上寿千年。

沧桑阅尽国之宝，岁月轮回对御?。

举臂广迎四海客，和谐包纳五洲贤。

相传明朝年间，贵阳这个地方出了一位状元②。官府为了讨好他，愿出巨资修一座藏书楼，作为他读书游艺的地方。为此，知府大人请了三位风水先生，在全城察看了一番之后，认为南明桥那里是块风水宝地，回来向知府大人禀报，确定就将藏书楼修在南明桥上，并且取名叫“甲秀楼”。 地点确定后，知府大人又请来了本地最有名的一位石匠和二位木匠，带着他们来到南明桥上看一回，便下令选个黄道吉日动工修建。 知府走后，石匠师傅打了一壶酒，把木匠师傅请到家里，两个人喝了三盅之后，石匠叹口气对木匠说;“兄弟，知府大人下令造楼，哪个敢违抗。只是这南明河上，眼下就只有这一座桥贯通南北，桥上要是再修了藏书楼，这桥就成了状元公的地盘，交通要道不就成了一块禁地吗!日后哪个还敢从桥上经过?有钱的倒可以坐船摆渡，没钱的呢，就只好望河兴叹了。尤其是那些进城卖菜的、推车挑担的，就更不方便了。 木匠说：“大哥说得有道理，这南明桥确实是个交通要道;只是知府大人已经画好了圈圈，你我兄弟二人又怎敢不照办呢?” 石匠说：“顾不得知府大人了。我们还得替百姓着想，不然，日后你我世世代代都要背骂名。” 木匠说;“听大哥的意思，这藏书楼不修了?” 石匠说：“当然要修，只是换个地方就是了。” 木匠问：“换在哪点?” 石匠说：“沿河下去一百二十步，就是块好地方。” 木匠觉得这主意好，就决定这样办。 当天晚上，贵阳城内阴云密布，大雨瓢泼。这两位能工巧匠把自己的师兄师弟，徒子徒孙召集到南明河边，连夜拦河修桥，凿木造楼。远近的居户人家本来就担心知府大人在南明桥上造藏书楼，断了日后过河的通路，现在听说两位匠人另选了一块地方造楼，一个个都冒着风雨，赶来相助。那天晚上，也不知道有多少男女老少在河岸边担石挑土，架梁立柱，只听到人声沸腾，惊天动地。等到东方发白，大雨停了的时候，一座精巧玲珑飞雕梁画柱的楼阁已经矗立在碧波荡漾的南明河新桥的鳌矶石上了。 当“甲秀楼”三个金光闪闪的大字出现在楼阁上之后，知府大人才闻讯来到南明河边。他见藏书楼没有建在南明桥上，十分恼怒，立刻传令叫两个匠人来回话。衙役们四处寻找，就是找不到那个石匠和木匠的踪影。知府大人没有办法，只好将就拿这座九眼新桥上的藏书楼给状元公了。 后来人们才知道，这两位匠人因为害怕官府追究，造完楼后，就带着妻子儿女远走他乡了。所以直到今天，人们一直不知道修造甲秀楼的两位匠人倒底姓什么，叫什么。 注： ①甲秀楼，位于贵阳市城南，南明河中鳌矶石上。初修于明代，后经多次改建和重修。 楼与浮玉桥相连，柳岸堆烟，风景十分秀丽，是贵阳一大风景名胜。 ②贵阳在清光绪年间出了个赵状元。所谓明朝年间出了状元，实系讹传。

请大家跟随我的脚步，现在我们来到的景点是有“天下第一道观”之称的大罗宫。“三清上，曰大罗”，绵山大罗宫依山而建，层楼迭阁，青墙金瓦，建筑面积达一万多平方米，足以与拉萨的布达拉宫相媲美，大罗宫里融合道教和佛教为一体，主要供奉了一些道家的神灵，它一共有十三层，现在就请大家跟我一起登上大罗宫。

这是大罗宫的第一层建筑叫财神殿，此殿中供奉的是武财神“赵公明”，文财神“比干和范蠡”，左右分别是利市仙官和招财童子。武财神赵公明座元宝座，左手持元宝，右手拿铁鞭，两位文财神一位怀抱如意，一位手捧珠宝。大家可以看一下这香炉上的这幅对联，是为了歌颂绵山的开发者闫吉英老板而写的，大家可以在这里烧几柱薄香来祈求自己来年发大财，大家上香的时候也得注意一下，不管是在佛家还是在道家，都讲究的是神三鬼四，所以您上香的时候可以上三柱而不能上四柱，如果您不是道家或佛家的信仰者那也请您保持一份肃静，信则有不信则无。

参观了第二层的救苦天尊殿，现在我们来到的是大罗宫的第三层建筑——三官殿。三官是指“天官，地官，水官”，又被称作三官大帝，天官能赐福，地官能解难，水官能赦罪。中国历史上唯一的女皇帝武则天就常拜三官大帝。附近的乡亲为了感谢三官大帝除去水怪便在此处修建了三官殿。大家也可以进去拜拜，祈求三官大帝赐福、解难、赦罪。

看过第八层的200多尊雕塑，欣赏过第九层“介休三贤”的画像，领略了第十层百名书法家题写的108块《道德经》木刻全文，拜过了第十一层的道教最高尊神——无形、无名、无上天尊，品味过群仙殿内借鉴永乐宫壁画绘制的300平米《群仙朝元图》，现在我们来到的是大罗宫的顶层建筑——藏经阁，珍藏有《道藏》、《四库全书》、《古今图书集成》、二十四史、《金刚经》、《尚书》等道教、佛教、儒教各类经典藏书数万册，包括书法、雕塑、绘画、考古、建筑等门类，是全国风景名胜区中藏书最多的景区。

登过了13层的大罗宫，现在在我们身后的建筑就是抱腹寺，又名云峰寺。因建于抱腹岩而得名。抱腹岩座东面西，高60米，深50米，长180米，分上下两层，抱二百余间殿宇与腹内，为天下绝无仅有。绵山的三绝都汇聚在了云峰寺景区，这三绝就是：还愿挂铃，包骨真身像，铁索岭。

头顶上面的崖壁，半空悬挂的这些铜铃，是当地的“还愿挂铃”民俗活动所留下的。前来还愿的善男信女，请当地的人从后山到抱腹岩上，把绳子的一头系到山上的松树上一头系到腰间，两个人同时下放，当放到半空时，一个人推另一个人，使人荡起来，把人悠进洞内，用铁钩挂住壁顶，然后把事先准备好的铜铃挂到崖壁上，挂铃成功之后鸣鞭炮以示庆祝。

前面是一百二十个台阶，登上这一百二十级台阶就是抱腹岩的主寺云峰寺，台阶两旁的猛兽叫做狻猊，是佛和菩萨的坐骑，佛教中说人生一共有108个烦恼，每登上一个台阶便可忘掉一个烦恼，登上这一百零八个台阶便可忘掉人生中的所有烦恼，从而进入无忧无虑的极乐世界，其余的12个台阶代表一年的十二个月，希望大家一鼓作气，登上这一百二十个台阶。

各位游客大家好，首先我代表_旅行社欢迎大家参加本次的旅游。我是来自_旅行社的一名导游，我叫_，大家可以叫我_，这位是司机王师傅，有着多年的驾驶经验，今天就有我和王师傅一同为大家服务。如果大家在游览过程中有任何问题，请向我提出来，我将竭尽全力为大家解决，也希望大家能支持配合我的工作。最后预祝大家旅途顺利，玩的愉快。

大家刚下飞机，一路比较劳累，我们就先去酒店，大家把行李放下，稍作休息，再正式开始我们的游览。现在我们正行驶在开往酒店的路上，相信大家多数都是第一次来天津，对天津也不是很了解，我现在就给大家简单介绍一下天津的概况。

天津市是中央四大直辖市之一，中国北方最大的沿海开放城市，中国历史文化名城，20_年，20_年国务院将天津定位为“国际港口城市，北方经济中心和生态城市”。

它地处华北平原东北部，东临渤海，北依燕山，西北与首都北京毗邻，相距仅120公里，全市总面积11919.7平方公里，共辖16个区县。其中包括：和平、河东、河西、河北、南开和红桥6个中心区，东丽、西青、津南、北辰、武青、宝坻为6个环城区，及一个滨海新区，还有静海、宁河、蓟县3个县。此外，天津还是一个多民族大融合的城市，拥有56个民族中的53个，常住人口1200万余人。

天津属暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候，年平均气温在13℃上下。7月气温最高，平均在26℃以上，1月气温最低，平均在-4℃一下，四季分明，但春秋季时间较短，有非冬即夏的说法，每个季节来到天津都会欣赏到不一样的景致。

漫长的地址演变，孕育形成了天津山、河、湖、海、泉、湿地俱全的地貌景观，素有“渤海明珠”，区域内海岸线153公里，海岸线距市中心仅50公里。又因位于海河流域下游，地处海河，南北运河交汇处，子牙河、大清河、永定河等也流经天津如海，因而有“九河下梢”和“北方水城”之称。

从历史上看，天津城区的形成不同于内陆地区，因为成陆较晚，原城区退海后是一片海滩荒地。宋代以前未见史册，金朝时在大直沽建立了“直沽寨”，元代时，改直沽寨为“海津镇”，南北漕船汇聚，商贾云集，场面极为壮观。到了明朝，明成祖朱棣由直沽渡河南下夺取皇位，将三岔口赐名为“天津”，意为天子经由之渡口，并在直沽设卫筑城，成为现在天津城市的发祥地。清代改为州、府，从此由军事建制改为了行政建制，从一个单纯的军事要塞演变成繁华的商业中心和贸易港口。1860年，英法发动第二次鸦片战争，胁迫清政府签订了丧权辱国的《北京条约》，天津被迫开埠后，金融、贸易、教育和制造业得到迅速发展，逐渐成为继上海之后的中国第2商业城市和北方最大的金融贸易中心。1928定为特别市，这是天津设市之始。

第二次鸦片战争后，伴随西方列强侵略势力，在天津城区逐渐形成了九国租界，西方的经济、文化、技术也在这一时期疯狂涌入天津，当时国内正掀起着“洋务运动”与“实业救国”的巨大浪潮，直隶总督兼北洋大臣李鸿章在天津大搞洋务事业20余年，发展军事、铁路、通讯、教育等，使天津成为北方洋务运动的中心，也就在这一时期，天津相继诞生了一批中国之最。有有我国最早自己修建的最长的铁路——津唐铁路，全国最老的火车站——老龙头火车站，我国第一套邮票——大龙邮票等等。

天津地理位置得天独厚，是连接华北、东北、西北地区的交通枢纽。近些年，天津交通事业的发展很快，现在已基本形成以港口为中心的海陆空为一体的交通网络，天津港吞吐量位居世界第五位，对外与180多个国家和地区的400多个港口有贸易往来。优越的地理位置和四通八达的交通让天津与世界各地都能够快捷通达，津京城际铁路的开通，使北京至天津只有30分钟的路程。同时，滨海新区开发开放也纳入到了国家总体发展战略布局，与深圳、浦东并列成为21世纪中国区域发展的龙头。

随着经济的发展，人们收入水平的提高，旅游业逐渐成为了人们休闲娱乐的新一方式。

天津的旅游资源丰富，在城市的发展中形成了独特的自然风光、历史风光和人文风光。天津自然风光秀美，由以北部山区为最，山河湖海的交融给这座伟大的城市增添了几分灵秀。北部燕山山脉雄伟秀丽，其间有蓟北雄关之称的黄崖关长城，千年古刹独乐寺，京东第一山著称的盘山。东部沿海资源丰富多样，东丽湖温泉，七里海湿地等生态度假村。加之市区一条海河蜿蜒穿城而过，自然风景与文化古迹交相辉映，让人流连忘返。

天津悠久的历史，孕育出独特的人文风貌和多彩的城市景观。曾经的风云际会和沧桑巨变，给这座城市留下了太多的思考和回味。五大道、意式风情区、解放北路等原九国租界遗留下的千幢小洋楼，异域风情纷呈，使天津被冠以“万国建筑博览会”的称号;鼓楼商业街、古文化街、食品街等古建筑群，溢散着津门古韵;津门、津塔、津湾广场、海河外滩等现代建筑雄伟壮观，仪态万千，更是代表天津现代的发展速度和风格。

天津还是一座老工业城市，近年来大力调整产业结构，形成以航空航天、装备制造、电子信息、生物制药、新能源新材料、国防科技等八大优势支柱产业。借此，推出一批工业游、农业游项目。

除了山野的秀色、海洋的风光和都市的繁华，天津还有许多好看、好玩、好吃的。天津民间工艺美术作品种类繁多，地域特色浓郁。天津市著名的曲艺之乡，京韵大鼓、梅花大鼓、天津时调、相声、快板书等日趋成熟，出现了名噪全国的艺人，形成独特的风格和流派。天津还有民间工艺品三绝：杨柳青年画、泥人张彩塑、风筝魏风筝，均称为中国民间艺术之绝品，名扬海内外。天津风味小吃更是数不胜数。且不论被誉为“津门三绝”的狗不理包子、桂发祥麻花、耳朵眼炸糕，仅民间小吃就不下上千系种，极具地方特色，如：糕干、茶汤、糖炒栗子、四大扒、八大碗、冬令四珍、烹对虾、贴饽饽熬小鱼等，传统的煎饼果子、锅巴菜、老豆腐等都是天津市民每天必不可少的早餐。让您吃了这次想下次。有一句俗话叫做：“当当吃海货，不算不会过。”讲的就是天津人爱吃、会吃，讲究时令，民间流传着：“京油子，卫嘴子”指的是天津人既会说，又会吃。

近年来，天津紧紧抓住中央对天津城市定位、滨海新区开发开放、市容环境综合整治等重大机遇，及时把城市建设新成果转化为旅游新产品，在_期间，是计划实现33641目标，让天津以大气洋气、清新靓丽、中西合璧、古今交融、生态宜居的国际化城市形象迎接五洲四海的宾朋!

好了，我们的车已经到达酒店了，相信我的一番介绍，也让大家对天津有了不少的了解。大家把行李拿好随我下车办理入住手续，稍作休息，午饭后我们正式开始在天津的游览。也预祝大家这几天在天津，旅途顺利，玩的愉快。

狗不理包子名扬天下，创始人高贵友、小名狗子，其包子馅大肉多，鲜而不腻，皮软而有劲，顾客盈门，使他无暇寒喧，人们便笑他："狗子卖包子，一概不理"，是得名"狗不理"。

Zhangjiajie is a prefecture level city under the jurisdiction of HunanProvince of the peoples Republic of China, formerly known as Dayong. It islocated in the northwest of Hunan Province, in the middle and upper reaches ofthe Lishui River, and belongs to the hinterland of Wuling mountains. Chinesemainland is one of the most important tourist city in China.

Friends: I believe you are not unfamiliar with Tianmen Mountain. The worldaerobatics Grand Prix held in November 1999 completed the feat of human flyingthrough natural karst caves for the first time, and the name of Tianmen Mountainsuddenly entered the worlds vision. How many people hope to have a glimpse ofTianmen Mountain. Today, you finally get what you want!

Tianmen Mountain is about 8 kilometers away from the south of ZhangjiajieCity. The top of the mountain is 1.93 kilometers wide from north to South and1.96 kilometers long from east to west. It covers an area of 2.2 squarekilometers and has an altitude of 1518.6. It is different from Wulingyuanssandstone peak forest landscape by its well-developed karst landform. It is aplatform shaped isolated mountain surrounded by cliffs.

Tianmen Mountain was called Songliang mountain in the Han Dynasty. In theThree Kingdoms period, a door was opened on the wall of the mountain. Sun Xiu,king of Wu, regarded it as an auspicious omen and renamed it Tianmen Mountain.Tianmen Mountain is a masterpiece of nature. In the long geological history, ithas experienced marine sedimentation rising to continental sedimentation,forming a high mountain, and suffered hundreds of millions of years of wind andrain erosion, especially the Triassic Yanshan movement. At the end of theCretaceous, the large-scale Himalayan orogeny further uplifted the TianmenMountain, which was cut into isolated mountains by two fault canyons, resultingin a great height difference between the high mountains and the valley, with aheight difference of more than 1300 meters within a few kilometers, thuscreating the majestic momentum of the isolated peaks of the TianmenMountain.

Tianmen Mountain is a mysterious carrier of historical culture and Buddhismculture, and a perfect combination of natural landscape and human landscape.

In order to speed up the process of tourism development in Zhangjiajie,Tianmen Mountain is in the process of large-scale development and construction.Some scenic spots have not been officially opened; the worlds longest ropewayand Tianmenshan temple are under construction.

(Tianmen cave) on the 1264 meter high cliff of Tianmen Mountain, there is anatural gate cave from north to south. It is 131.5 meters from the bottom to thetop, 37 meters wide and 30 meters deep. On the top edge of the north side of thecave, there is an inverted dragon head bamboo with roots like dragon head andleaves like phoenix tail, so it is also called Phoenix Tail Bamboo. On the eastside is a trench more than 200 meters high, with spring water flowing from aboveand falling plum blossom rain. It is said that anyone who can open his mouth toreceive 48 drops of plum blossom rain can become an immortal. At the entrance ofTianmen cave, you can often see rock swallows flying and mountain Eaglescircling. With the change of weather, Tianmen cave sometimes breathes clouds,sometimes it is clear like a mirror, which forms a cyclic and ever-changingmeteorological landscape.

So, how did Tianmen cave form? Geologist Mr. Qin gongjiong thought that itwas the result of "funnel" dissolution. He thinks that the terrain on the eastside of Tianmen cave inclines slightly to the west, while the terrain on thewest side inclines slightly to the East, and the core of syncline is facingTianmen cave road. The East and west walls are cut by two joints with a strikeof about 320 degrees, and a joint with a strike of 40 degrees intersects withthem at Tianmen cave. Two karst funnels at the top of the cave also play animportant role in the karst process. After the rain falls, the surface waterflows along the slope to the funnel, and part of the water flowing into the soilflows down the interlayer cracks of the stratum towards the core of thesyncline. The long-term continuous dissolution process makes the local collapse,and finally makes the two groups of caves merge into one, forming the Tianmencave.

However, some people disagree with this: the Tianmen cave was formedaccording to this principle. Why is the base of the cave a huge platform? Canthese rocks "collapse" out of the cave? Therefore, the formation of Tianmen caveis still an unsolved mystery.

(Tianmenshan Temple) Tianmenshan temple was first built in the TangDynasty. It was called Yunbo temple, Lingquan courtyard and Songliang hall inancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, due to improper site selection, it wasrepeatedly destroyed by wind and often suffered from water shortage, soTianmenshan temple was moved from the eastern peak. It used to be a place withtowering ancient trees and thick shade. The lintel of the ancient temple isengraved with the four characters "Tianmen Xianshan". The couplet on both sidesof the gate is: "there is no night in the sky, and there is no mountain on themountain. It is said that Li Zicheng wrote a book by Ye Fu. The entrance is theGreat Buddha Hall, behind which is the Guanyin hall, with six bungalows on bothsides. The last one is the ancestral hall, which is of great scale. Folk can besummarized as "three into the hall, six ear room, brick wall, iron pot, such asKuang". The original architecture of the temple is very particular, withcornices and angles, carved dragons and painted phoenixes, and statues ofBuddhas and Bodhisattvas. There is also a big drum, a big bell, a seven levelstone tower and a Dahua money stove. According to the inscriptions, Tianmenshantemple was repaired seven times during the 163 years from the Qianlong period ofthe Qing Dynasty to the fifth year of the Republic of China. At that time, therewas an endless stream of believers from more than ten counties along the borderof Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan and Guizhou. Now Tianmenshan Tourism Co., Ltd. isrepairing Tianmenshan temple on a large scale, and the former prosperity willreappear.

(longtouyan) its called longtouyan. In the past, there were stone tapsthat could be turned on the collapse. Longtou rock faces a cliff. It is saidthat in the past, many pilgrims, in order to show their sincerity in praying forGod and worshiping Buddha, held the dragons head in their hands and made acircle around the cliff. As long as they were sincere, they would guarantee younothing. Later, the dragon head was lifted off the cliff. Now we can only seethe stone pit where the dragon head was placed. Longtou rock is the best viewingplatform for sunrise and sea. Li Jing, the magistrate of Yuezhou in the MingDynasty, wrote a poem praising Tianmen Mountain

The mountain reaches its peak, and the gate of heaven is within reach.

Looking up at Penglai under the red sun, looking forward to Lufu whiteclouds.

Cangya abrupt pine fir ancient, Qujing remote horse trace empty.

If you want to build the highest peak, flying must rely on the skywind.

(chisongfeng gold pool) this small pool is about 1.3 meters long, 0.6meters wide and only a few centimeters deep. No matter how dry it is, the waterwill not dry up all the year round. It is said that this is the gold pool ofchisongzi, the rain master of Shennong emperor in ancient times. Under thenorthern cliff, there is a peak like Danzao peak, which is called Danzao peak.At the top of the peak, there are clouds and mist, like the smoke rising fromthe stove. It is said that it is a stove used by red pine nuts for alchemy.There is a poem by predecessors: "in the past, there were immortal places. Therelics are left in Danzao, and they often come and go. " There are thunder caveand electricity cave under the peak of Danzao. It is said that in addition tousing the water from the golden pool, the red pine nut can reach a certaindegree of fire with the help of thunder and electricity.

There are a lot of strange things in Tianmen Mountain, but the truth is notclear. Among them, there are four ancient mysteries, which have been handed downfrom generation to generation, and no one has solved them. The first is themystery of Tianmen opening, the second is the mystery of Guiguzi developing, thethird is the mystery of turning the water on the top of the mountain, and thefourth is the mystery of wild Buddhas treasure. It is said that under the beechtree is the treasure house of the wild Buddha. In the chapter "Tianmen Mountain"in the local records of Yongding County written by Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty,it is said that "in the Ming Dynasty, the wild Buddha flew to this mountain fromJiashan temple. The wild Buddha was a bandit. After the incident, he cut off hishair and became a monk. He escaped from heaven. "

(ghost Valley cave) it is said that when Li Zicheng took Yefu up themountain, he took more than 100 people and horses and many gold and silvertreasures, hired nine wooden boats to sneak into Dayong secretly against the LiRiver, and went up Tianmen Mountain unconsciously. This time Yefu became a monk,he didnt really want to become a Buddha. Instead, he "sleeps" every day and"draws his sword to the altar" to "restore the Central Plains" and "wipe out thewhole world" one day. However, the situation took a sharp turn, the peasant armycollapsed, the Qing government was established, and Yefu finally died ofanxiety. It is said that before he died, he scattered all the treasures he hadbrought and hid them in several secret places in Tianmen Mountain. And poisonedall the migrant workers to death. For hundreds of years, I dont know how manybandits, pilgrims and mysterious monks of Tianmen Mountain have come to Tianmento worship. In fact, they have come back empty handed to peep at the terrain andsearch for treasure. Where the treasure is hidden is always a mystery.

Standing on the cliff 300 meters away, there is an inverted trapezoidalcave with trees at the entrance and waterfalls flying out of the cave. It issaid that Gui GuZi, a famous scholar in the Warring States period, once studiedthe book of changes in the cave wall, and devoted himself to practicing martialarts, creating the world-famous "ghost Valley magic skill". There is also asecret collection of Wulin, Tianmen 36 Tianchi, which is called Guigu cave bylater generations. Guiguzi was the founder of the Political Science in theWarring States period. His main work, maneuvering tactics, is known as awonderful book, which studies how to defeat each other by means of union ordivision in politics and diplomacy. Historians say that a history of the WarringStates period chaos is derived from Guigu cave, which shows that Guigu Zi isvery good. Luo Fuhai, a man of Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem entitled "ghost Valleycave": "peach blossom and flowing water go floating, smile into the clouds, andvisit the cave deeply. Hermit flow more buried surname Yu, vertical andhorizontal skills actually immortal. On the wall of the Dao script, sealcharacters are left, and lead is cremated in the furnace. I heard Jun playingmusic in my ears, and a waterfall fell to the top of ten thousand peaks. "Xixiping and guanliping at the foot of the mountain are famous places for hardQigong. Qigong master Zhao Jishu has visited European countries many times andwon honor for his motherland.

From the end of 1980s to the 1990s, Li Guangyu, a veteran of Chisongvillage at the southern foot of Tianmen Mountain, had been let down for sixtimes to investigate the cave. Once, when exploring the cave, he occasionallytook pictures of Guiguzis face studying the book of changes with his camera.This is a profile image with a five sense organ Gallery, which is clearlydistinguishable. It is similar to the picture of Guiguzi, which has been widelyspread so far. Whether the image of Guiguzi is so vivid is accidental orcoincidence, or Gods intentional arrangement, which has become a mystery ofTianmen Mountain.

(aerial garden) please note that there are many exposed stone buds andstone forests on both sides of the trail. They are high and low in differentshapes, like a line to welcome us. This is another remarkable feature of thekarst landform in Tianmen Mountain. There are many stone buds and stone forestson the top of the mountain, which are distributed in the middle of the denseforest, forming a unique and primitive air garden. They are like labyrinths oneby one, and they are also like the eight array pictures of Pushuos confusionand changes. Tourists travel through it with unlimited interest. Folk legend hasit that anyone who can successfully pass through these labyrinths will be ableto pass through the so-called forty-eight gates of all living beings. Myfriends, you may as well have a try now. I wish you a smooth life.

(Li Nas cabin) this seven shaped cabin is the house of Li Na, a famoussinger. In May 1997, Li Na finished singing a song "Qinghai Tibet Plateau", andsoon disappeared. The news media couldnt find her everywhere. It turned outthat she had come to Tianmen Mountain. After living for a few days, she wasattracted and shocked by the magical Tianmen Mountain, and soon made twodecisions: one is to officially move her registered permanent residence toYongding District of Zhangjiajie, where Tianmen Mountain is located; the otheris to build a house for herself on the top of Tianmen Mountain. On June 6, 1997,Li Na officially became a citizen of Yongding District. It was said that Li Nawas going to build a house in Tianmen Mountain. The people were very happy.Without saying a word, they lifted wood and bricks from the foot of the mountainto the top of the mountain, which was more than 1500 meters high. A month later,the house was built. In her "nest", Li Na made the third decision that shockedthe world: to become a monk! Before long, Li Na unconsciously studied Buddhismin Mt. Wutai, Shanxi, and changed her name to shichangsheng. Before she leftTianmen Mountain, Li Na sang "Ode to sister-in-law" for Aunt Hu, who had beenwaiting on her for nearly a month. Then she opened her voice and sang "TianmenMountain", a three and a half degree poem "tailored by her assistant" for her,in order to bid farewell to her second hometown.

Tianmen Mountain

Approaching you, for the eternal oath,

Approaching you, for that distant dream,

What makes my heart so peaceful,

I finally saw Tianmen Mountain

Friends, why did Li Na become a monk and settle down in Tianmen Mountain?Its not clear in a few words. Its up to you to decipher the mystery of Li Naslife.

It is said that the first time Guiguzi went to Tianmen Mountain was fromganziping to laodaowan, from the cliff to the top of the mountain, and then toguigudong. Under the cliff, there is still a chain.

(overlooking Tianmen) standing here, you can overlook Tianmen cave facingnorth and Tongtian Avenue being built by Tianmen Mountain company. It was herethat CCTV crew 6 filmed the amazing scene of the plane passing through theTianmen gate during the world flying race in November 1999. Its more than 200meters from Tianmen cave.

Tianmen Mountain, like Zhangjiajie, is a national forest park with richvegetation. About 500 mu of primary secondary forest is preserved at the top ofthe mountain. According to the investigation, there are 532 species of vascularplants in 134 families, 353 genera. 95% of them are broad-leaved forests. Therare tree species under state protection include Davidia involucrata, Xiangguo,Lianxiang, Acer palmatum, Acer Sanguinalis, Eucommia ulmoides, Torreya grandis,silver Finch, etc. In this primary secondary forest, along this path, we willfind many rare tree species. This is Acer Sanguinalis. The cortex on the surfaceof the trunk is blood red. In autumn and winter, the bark on the surface of aslightly older tree splits in large pieces and adheres to the trunk. It is thinand looks like shaking scales. This is Carpinus. Carpinus is a new family ofvegetation species on earth. It was first discovered in Tianmen Mountain byProfessor Lin Yuanwang of South China Forestry University in 1998 and named"Dayong Carpinus" by the authority of the State Forestry Department. This is athousand year old tree called "Carpinus king", which needs to be embraced by twopeople. Carpinus Carpinus is hard and can be used as farm tools and furniture.It can extract rubber and extract oil from seeds.

(Davidia involucrate Bay) Davidia involucrate is known as the "livingfossil" of plants. It is an extremely precious tree species in the world. Thedistribution of Davidia involucrate communities is especially rare at the top ofhigh mountains with an altitude of more than 1500 meters. However, large-scaleDavidia involucrate communities have been found in Tianmen mountain and Badagongmountain. There are more than 100 Davidia involucrata trees in this area, so itis also called Davidia involucrata Bay. Davidia involucrata is like a dove. Whenit blooms in June, its branches are like doves with wings spreading to fly.There are also Gastrodia elata, Huanglian, Danggui, qiyeyizhihua and otherprecious medicinal plants in the forest. In 1984, the forest farm workers founda unicorn with only one horn on its head in this area. Its whole body is numbgray and the size of a calf. On the mountain, we also found two monkeys, about10-13cm long. Historical records: Mi monkey, also known as Haba monkey, is smalland can be hidden in the sleeve.

(Lingquan courtyard is the site of Yunbo nunnery) the Lingquan courtyard islocated on the back of Yunmeng Mountain, facing the southwest from thenortheast. The original building has two rooms and three rooms, facing the sunfrom the Lee. The environment is very beautiful. At the end of Tang Dynasty andFive Dynasties, Zhou Pu, a scholar, retired here. In 1975, under the ancienttrees in front of the site, a seven star bronze sword with inscriptions on thedragons head was excavated. The inscription is "emperor xuanzu of TianmenMountain". Together with four bronze Bodhisattvas, it was identified as acultural relic of the Tang Dynasty and a national first-class cultural relic.Emperor Xuan should be a Taoist. It is said that the Tianmen bronze sword wascollected by monk Danzi during the reign of Li Heng, Emperor suzong of TangDynasty. It is a treasure of Zhenshan. It is said that monk Danzi is the firstabbot of Tianmen Mountain Buddhist temple, which proves that there is aprecedent of integrating Buddhism and Taoism in Tianmen Mountain, and Puguangtemple in the city is a typical example of the confluence of Buddhism,Confucianism and Taoism.

(Yunmeng Summit) Yunmeng summit is surrounded by cliffs on the East, Westand north sides, with three natural viewing platforms on the edge. Looking downfrom here, you can see the housing streets in Zhangjiajie City and the gulliesand peaks on both sides of Xianren river. There are also three sister peaks ofchaotianguan in the northwest, and mountains in Yongshun, Cili and Yuanling inthe distance. It really has the feeling of "looking at the small mountains" and"Lishui is as thin as intestines". It will be a great pleasure to watch the seaof clouds here. The rolling clouds, like empty huge waves, are surging, givingpeople a heroic way to conquer mountains and a detachment from the world.

(Tomb of Zhoupu) Zhoupu was a scholar of the Late Jin Dynasty in the FiveDynasties. In order to avoid the war at that time, he lived in seclusion inLingquan courtyard of Tianmen Mountain for entertainment. At that time, thefather and son of Ma Yin and Ma Xifan, the kings of Chu, who ruled the Southseparately, admired his talent and learning, and invited Zhou Pu out of themountain many times, but he politely declined, and later died in TianmenMountain. His tomb is surrounded by a ring of natural stone teeth. In front ofit, there are three arched stone buildings. After the collapse, there is a tomb.Zhou Pu tomb is an important historic site on the mountain. Zhou Pu wrote inTianmen Mountain

普宁寺位于承德市避暑山庄北部武烈河畔，由于寺内有一尊金漆木雕大佛，俗称大佛寺。普宁寺建成于乾隆二十四年(1759年)，占地3.3万平方米。是外八庙中最为完整、壮观的寺庙建筑群。当时清政府平定了厄鲁特蒙古准噶尔部达瓦齐的叛乱，在避暑山庄为厄鲁特四部上层贵族封爵，效仿西藏三摩耶(又称桑鸢寺)建制修建此寺，清政府希望边疆人民“安其居，乐其业，永永普宁”，故称之为“普宁寺”。

普宁寺建筑风格独特，它吸收并融合了汉地佛教寺院和藏传佛教寺院的建筑格局，南半部为汉地寺庙的“七堂伽蓝”式布局，中轴线上依次分布着山门、天王殿、大雄宝殿等殿堂，两侧为钟鼓楼和东西配殿，南北长150米，宽70米。北半部为藏式寺庙建筑，以大乘阁为中心，周围环列着许多藏式碉房建筑物——红台、白台以及四座白色喇嘛塔。大乘之阁内部分为三层，阁内矗立一尊金漆木雕千手千眼观音菩萨，高22.28米，腰围15米，重达110吨，用木材120 立方米，是现在世界上最高大的木质雕像。像内是三层楼阁式的构架结构，中间为一根主木，四周组合许多根边柱，外钉衣纹占板密封，分层雕刻。佛像比例匀称，纹饰细腻，绘色绚丽，生动地表现了观世音菩萨的表情和神采，是我国雕塑艺术的杰作。

大乘之阁的北西东三面对称地构筑了四大部洲、八小部洲及四座喇嘛塔，布局适宜，造型优美，环大乘之阁而建。

梅园，距市区7公里，位于无锡市西郊东山、浒山和横山。现有面积812亩，其中梅林占56亩。梅树5000多株，梅桩20xx多盆。它前临太湖，北倚龙山，以梅饰山，山翠梅艳，亭台楼阁点缀其间，四时风光旖旎。

园始建于1920xx年，是我国近代著名的民族工商业家荣宗敬、荣德生所建。在锦绣的太湖之滨，点缀上大片梅花，实是“锦上添花”，赢得了江南赏梅胜地的美名。1955年，荣德生之子荣毅仁将园献给政府。1960年园林部门扩建东部新区，1988年又扩建至横山。使梅园成为融名卉、绿化、建筑、文化为一体的游览胜地。

梅园刻石 进入梅园，有紫藤棚引路，在老藤古柏的掩映下，一块紫红色的巨石屹立正中，高约2米，上镌“梅园”两字，清秀韵致，由荣德生亲笔所书。

1988年，园林部门对横山风景区进行开发。在东麓造了梅园新大门，由荣毅仁书匾额。入门处建石牌坊，由陈浚渝题额“问梅”，为赏梅拉开序幕。

东麓山腰，新建歇山顶古亭一座，取名“明壑亭”。山麓重新疏浚两个泉池，一名“含芳”，一名“染香”。畹芬堂也重新修复，旧貌再现。横山顶上向阳处，1980年新建两层亭阁，与锡山龙光塔、鹿顶山舒天阁遥相呼应，成为梅园登高望远的又一佳处，此阁命名为“吟风”，以喻其筑在古烽火台处也。

新建的荷兰园，古梅奇石圃，及正在建设中的情人梅林，更丰富了梅园景区的内容，使旅客使旅客领略博大精深的梅文化，熏陶梅花人格化的精神

南风古灶旅游区位于著名的南国陶都石湾，集旅游、观光、生产、习艺、研讨、参与、购物于一体。景区是围绕着南风灶、高灶、高庙、林家厅等重点文物保护单位建立的国家AAAA级旅游景区。

“给我一整天，还你一千年”。南风古灶景区内，汇聚了山公微雕、古作车拉坯、拍大缸、打草鞋等传统工艺精华，又集合了舞狮、武术、粤剧、剪纸等民间艺术精粹，每天都吸引了大批来自全世界各地的人们，在这个世界陶文化圣地寻陶根，找陶魂，体验博大精深的中国文化。

大家好!欢迎大家来到故宫，很高兴能为大家服务，我是本次大家旅程的导游韩一铭，大家叫我韩导就行。今天由我陪同大家共度这段美好的时光。

现在，大家已经乘车来到了位于北京市中心的故宫。这里曾居住过24个皇帝，是明、清两代的皇宫，现在是故宫博物馆。故宫整个建筑金碧辉煌，庄严绚丽，无论是平面布局、立体效果还是形式上的雄伟堂皇，都堪称无与伦比的杰作。

我们先来观看故宫的中轴吧!这条中轴在北京城的中轴线上。三大殿、后三宫、御花园都位于这条中轴线上。在中轴宫殿的两旁，还分布着许多殿宇，也都宏伟华丽。

参观完了中轴线，就要去艺术珍品馆啦!故宫的一些宫殿中建立了综合性的历史艺术馆、绘画馆、分类的陶瓷馆、青铜器馆、明清工艺美术馆、铭刻馆、玩具馆、文房四宝馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆和清代宫廷典章文物展览等，收藏有大量的古代艺术珍品。据统计，有102653件，其中很多文物都是绝无仅有的无价之宝。

故宫的四个城角上，每个角都有十八柱七十二条脊的角楼，有一个关于角楼的传说。有一天，永乐皇帝让大臣们在故宫的四个犄角上修建一座九梁十柱七十二条脊，这可把大臣们给难住了。有一天，一位木匠见了一个装蝈蝈的笼子，觉着笼子非常奇怪，就走过去看了看，一数，这正是九梁十柱七十二条脊!木匠立刻交给了大臣。从此，就留下了这样的角楼。

各位游客，我们今天的游览马上就要结束了，对我今天的讲解，欢迎您提出意见和建议，我深表感谢。最后，祝大家玩得开心!谢谢!

肇兴寨面积0.32平方公里，辖三个行政村，即肇兴村、肇兴中寨村、肇兴上寨村，22个村民小组，全寨有867户，3640人，均为侗族。就侗族南部而言，肇兴侗寨是屈指一数的，有“千家肇洞”和“侗乡第一寨”之美誉。肇兴侗寨四面环山，寨子建于山中盆地，一条小河穿寨而过。寨中房屋为干栏式吊脚楼，鳞次栉比，错落有致，全部用杉木建造，硬山顶覆小青瓦，古朴实用。

肇兴侗寨建寨历史悠久，据民间相传的族谱记载：在南宋正隆五年，也就是公元1160年间，肇兴的先民就在这里建寨定居，距今已有840多年的历史。 一九九三年，贵州省文化厅命名肇兴为鼓楼文化艺术之乡。

20xx年，肇兴侗寨及鼓楼群列入大世界基尼斯记录。

一九九九年，省政府将肇兴列为全省9个重点民族村寨保护之一，20xx—20xx年列为全省十三、二十个重点民族村寨保护之一。

20xx年一月，国务院已批准为国家级重点风景名胜区。

在20xx年《中国国家地理》主办的“中国最美的地方”评选活动中，被评为中国最美六大古镇古村之一。

鼓楼具有历史悠久、造型美观、结构独特、用途多样等特点，具有十分重要的历史、科学、艺术价值和民族民俗文物价值。 鼓楼的来源，众说纷纭。民间传说三国时，诸葛亮南征，曾扎营侗乡，为方便指挥，在营寨中修筑高亭，内置铜鼓，以鼓声传令，遂流传成为鼓楼。另有一种说法更加神奇，传说鼓楼乃外星人留在地球上的遗迹。古代外星人来过侗乡，曾修建火箭和飞碟发射架。鼓楼外形颇似发射火箭的支架，顶层阁楼的剖面恰如飞碟的造型，是侗族先人按照外星人的建筑模式建造的。在侗族歌师赞颂鼓楼的歌词中，就有“那天神仙下界送礼钱”的句子，耐人寻味。

肇兴侗寨人居“干栏”楼房，楼下安置石碓，堆放柴草、杂物，饲养牲畜。楼上住人，前半为廊，宽敞明亮，光线充足，为一家休息或手工劳动之所;后半部为内室，其中设有火塘，这是祖宗之位，也是取暖、炊饭的地方，两侧或第三楼上设卧房。一般一家一幢，也有的聚族而居，将同一房族的房子连在一起，廊檐相接，可以互通，喜庆佳节聚居于此，设宴接待宾客。

肇兴不仅是鼓楼之乡，而且是歌舞之乡，寨上有侗歌队、侗戏

班。每逢节日或宾客临门，侗族群众欢聚于鼓楼、歌坪，举行“踩歌堂”、“抬官人”等民族文娱活动。歌类尤其出名，有侗族大歌、蝉歌、踩堂歌、拦路歌、琵琶歌、牛腿琴歌、酒歌、情歌、山歌、河歌、叙事歌、童声歌等。侗歌声调婉转悠扬，旋律优美动听，尤以多声部混声合唱扣人心弦，轰动海内外。每隔一年于中秋节举行一次的芦笙会，主、客竟相吹奏比赛，笙歌阵阵，热闹非凡，极为壮观。

肇兴侗寨侗族文化底蕴深厚，侗族风情原始、古朴。佳节期间，好客的侗家人有一种叫“或夜”的活动。这是村寨与村寨之间的大型社交活动，甲寨举寨前往乙寨做客，当客人临进寨边时，主寨的姑娘们早已在寨门前摆起了拦路凳，唱起栏路歌。客人闻歌而对，一唱一应，几个回合下来，喝了拦路酒，才肯放客人进寨。寨中男人吹芦笙放铁炮鞭炮，敲锣打鼓将客人迎进寨子的鼓楼内。人们聚居在鼓楼旁的歌坪上，踩起歌堂，举行盛大的祭祀祖母“萨岁”的仪典。两寨的男女青年在寨老的带领下，拥着“萨坛”绕寨一圈。然后在芦笙曲中进入歌坪，手拉手围成男外女内两圈，边舞边唱，是为“哆也”。

夜幕降临，男女青年们意犹未尽，又集于鼓楼围坐，火塘燃起旺旺的篝火。人们唱起了大歌，如痴如醉，不知天之将明。