杭州旅游英语导游词(经典20篇)

张家口旅游导游词

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到张家口，我是你们的导游。

张家口市地处京晋冀蒙交界处，距北京约180公里，这里地势险要，有“塞外山城”之称。张家口市辖4区、13县,总面积3.7万平方公里,人口450万。京包、丰沙、大秦铁路横穿东西,京张、宣大高速公路和109、110、112、207国道穿市而过,北京西直门汽车站从早6时开始,每半小时就有一趟至张家口的快速客运班车发出,交通旅行十分方便。

张家口市的古遗址数量很多，分布面广。古长城的“大镜门”是长城要隘，也是张家口市的象征。涿鹿县矾山是“黄帝战蚩尢”的古战场，是中华民族的发祥地之一，每年都有众多的炎黄子孙来这里寻根祭祖。此外，还有蔚县代王城汉墓群、怀安县汉墓群、宣化辽壁画墓以及市区的水母宫、云泉寺、清远楼等，都是颇值得一观的古迹。 位于张北中都的中都草原是距北京较近的自然草原，夏季气候凉爽，草场繁茂，来此还可以体验蒙古族风情，是消暑休闲的胜地。

张家口历史悠久,文物古迹荟萃。阳原县有世界著名的泥河湾遗址,是人类最早踏足地之一,是全国乃至全世界研究200万年到300万年前古地层、古生物、古人类、古地理的重要基地。涿鹿县黄帝城作为中华始祖文化遗址,是中华民族的发祥地之一。下花园区鸡鸣山体现了佛、道、儒家的文化。鸡鸣驿作为进京的第一大驿站,元、明、清各朝代的机密要闻都从这里中转。张北元代中都遗址,曾是北连漠北草原、南接中原大地的交通枢纽和军事重地。宣化清远楼(钟楼)素有"第二黄鹤楼"之称,券洞内500多年前的车辙是宣化府古城的历史见证。大境门目睹着明代茶马互市在"旱码头"的兴衰。1909年,詹天佑主持设计修建的我国第一条铁路"京张铁路"的通车,更使海内外商贾云集"皮都",张家口的"口皮"、"口羔"、"口蘑"名扬天下,成为华北著名商埠。1945年八路军收复了张家口,这是从日军手中夺取的第一个大城市,成为晋察冀边区政治、军事、经济和文化中心,并因此而享有"第二延安"、"文化城"、"东方模范城市"等美誉。1948年，张家口第二次解放后,成为察哈尔省的省会城市。

张家口三面环山，北依长城，历史上是兵家必争之地。中华人民共和国建立五十多年来，张家口已逐步建设成为以机械、冶金、化工和纺工业为支柱，以毛、皮革工业为特色的工业城市。张家口市矿产资源丰富，并有四通八达的交通、通讯网络。这里环境优美，市容整洁的民风淳朴，夏季气候凉爽，风景宜人。市区内分布有明长城，大境门，云泉寺，水母宫，清远楼，镇朔楼等30多处名胜古迹。张家口更是革命老区，有众多的革命历史遗址可供瞻仰、观光。

古今历史的延续和发展提供了丰富的人文景观。在全市三万六千八百平方公里的土地上，辽阔无垠，绿波荡漾，野花盛开的坝上天然草原，与湖光山影，水天一色的“塞外江南”南北呼应；巍峨隽秀，翠幛密蔽，层林尽染的原始林区，与泉水淙淙，风光秀丽的温泉依依相存。既有早更新世古人类遗址，又有华夏人文始祖创业的古战场。风格独特，景观各异，有天然质朴之风光，是旅游避暑之佳所。

清远楼

清远楼位于古城宣化正中，又名钟楼，始建于明成化十八年(公元1482年)，是一座重搪多角十字脊歇山顶的高大建筑。楼建在高8米的十字券洞上，南与昌平、北与广灵、东与安定、西与大新四门通衡。与城内镇朔楼、拱极楼成一轴线。券洞内500年前的铁轮车辙明显可见。楼外观3层，内实2层，通高25米，楼阁高17米，为3开间，6塔椽，前后明间出抱厦，四周有游廊，支立24根粗大廊柱。上搪为绿色琉璃瓦顶，腰搪、下搪为布瓦顶。梁架斗拱精巧秀丽，循角飞翘，生气盎然。楼上层搪下，悬挂愿额4块，南曰“清远楼”，北曰“声通天颖”，东曰“耸峙严疆”，西曰“震靖边氛”。楼内悬有明嘉靖十八年(公元1539年)铸造的“宣府镇城钟”一口，高2.5米，口径1.7米，重约万斤，用四根通天柱架于楼体上层中央。钟声悠扬宏亮，可传40余里，颇负盛名。该楼造型别致，结构精巧严谨。可与武汉黄鹤楼媚美，在国内同属罕见，索有“第二黄鹤楼”之称。该楼建筑独具一格，为我国古代精美艺术建筑之一。 清远楼历尽沧桑，1986年文化部拨款39万元，对清远楼进行了全面修复，修复后的清远楼碧瓦青砖晶莹剔透，金龙玉兽傲首长空，飞搪翘角宏宇轩昂，廊柱斗拱被红挂翠，雕梁画栋富丽堂皇，古钟高悬，风铃叮当，显得古朴、典雅、雄伟、壮观。

和平森林公园

和平森林公园距张家口市65公里，距崇礼县城10公里。总面积2000余公顷。是河北省最大的森林自然景观之一。森林公园山连山、岭连岭，森林茂密，郁郁葱葱。有70％的天然掸树林，还有人工栽植的落叶松、云杉等12种树种。景区内，峰峦叠峰、翠幢密蔽，丰草绿绳而争茂，佳木葱笼而可悦，峰回路转，险径回曲，颇具雄奇、峻险、秀丽之特色。林间空气清新，野芳幽香，百鸟争鸣，泉水叮略，身临其中如入仙境。藏菜、蘑菇长满山坡，山兔、松鼠跳跃树丛，善万物之得时，会使您抬然自乐。现已开辟五个景区数十个景点，成为集旅游、住宿、娱乐为一体的旅游胜地。

共2页，当前第1页12

Dear tourists

Hello and welcome to the great wall of Tangshan. Im your guide.

The Great Wall winds 220 kilometers in Tangshan, with 29 famous passes.With its ups and downs and Pentium, it has gathered the essence of Ming theGreat Wall. Along the Great Wall, the folk customs are ancient and simple, andthere are many anecdotes and legends, which are the best tourism products ofTangshan.

Jiufengshan Great Wall in Zunhua, Panjiakou underwater Great Wall inQianxi, marble Great Wall in Qianan, qingshanguan, xifengkou, lengkouguan,prison building, seventy-two voucher building, shuimen, brick kiln of greatwall, horse breeding circle and so on are all the unique features of the GreatWall, which have produced more and more influence at home and abroad in recentyears. The Great Wall on Jiufeng Mountain is less than one foot high and lessthan three feet wide, because the officials who built the great wall are greedyfor silver and cut corners. It is a typical "tofu dregs Great Wall".

Qingshanguan city is one Zhang and four feet high, and sixteen Zhang andnine feet high on Saturday. It was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty.From a distance, it looks exquisite and antique. 72 coupons building is made upof 72 arches, which are very beautiful; the water gate is made of green bricks,which is still intact after hundreds of years of wind, rain and mountaintorrents. Zuosan kiln, known as the Great Wall kiln, is located in dalingzhai,Qianxi. It was discovered in 1985 and got its name because of the inscription"zuosan" on the bricks. In 1993, seven ancient Great Wall brick kilns wereexcavated, which is a complete brick material base along the Great Wall, andsolved the mystery of the origin of the great wall bricks. Qianan marble GreatWall is about 1.5 kilometers long, 10 meters high and 5 meters wide. The base ofthe city and the enemy tower are mostly made of marble, which is very rare inthe Great Wall.

Xifengkou, known as songtingguan in ancient times, is a famous ancientbattlefield in history. When the 29th Route Army resisted the Japanese invasionin China, the Dagao March was a household name, adding infinite charm toXifengkou Great Wall. Along the Great Wall, there are also a series of scenicspots, such as the headquarters of Ji Town, where Qi Jiguang, a national hero,led military affairs and defended the border for 16 years, the originator of theearths rocks identified by UNESCO, the granulite ancient rock of TAIPINGZHAI3.67 billion years ago, and the Paleolithic site of Zhaocun village inQianan.

Well, tourists, Tangshan ancient Great Wall is here for you. Thank you foryour support!

欢迎到我们苍岩山来游览观光,我是这里的导游员×××,很荣幸能为大家服务，希望我的服务能使大家满意。下面我简要介绍一下苍岩山的概况。苍岩山位于井陉县南部属太行山区。据说隋炀帝长女南阳公主出家的地方。苍岩山约形成于30亿年前的几次造地运动，(如阜平运动、吕梁运动等)，景区内山体层次分明，岩石结构以片麻岩、火成岩、变质岩及玄武岩为主。这里山势陡峭，集五岳之雄险，透峨嵋之秀幽，连五台之瑞气，浮普陀之祥云，素有“五岳奇秀揽一山，太行群峰唯苍岩”的美誉。唐代著名诗人王维曾赋诗“井邑傅岩上，客亭云雾间。高城眺落日，拯浦映苍山。”来赞美这里的风光。同时也被称作是太行山中的一颗明珠，吸引着大批海内外游客前来考察、观光。苍岩山以山雄、谷幽、林秀、楼绝、檀奇于1988年被国务院审定为国家重点风景名胜区，并于1994年被命名为中国历史文化名山，20xx年被国家旅游局评审为国家AAAA级景区。

苍岩山的主要景观为三绝、十六景，分别是：三绝：桥殿飞虹、壁涧灵檀和山腰绮柏，十六景分别为岩关锁翠、风泉漱玉、书院午荫、碧涧灵檀、悬蹬梯云、峭壁嵌珠、桥殿飞虹、空谷鸟鸣、绝巘回栏、尚书古碣、说法危台、虚谷藏幽、炉峰夕照、窍开别天、阴崖石乳、山腰绮柏，沿着步游路，我们一会逐一介绍。大家请跟我来。

(山门前小桥：)这是苍岩山十六景之一，叫风泉漱玉。这条小溪叫白鹤泉，绕山门而过，河滩卵石点点，河内水光鳞鳞，在夏秋季节，小螃蟹、小鱼虾在水底石缝中穿梭，而潺潺流水将河底冲刷得干干净净，故名：风泉漱玉。从佛教上来看，这里应该是敬香客人洗漱的地方。一般来讲，入佛门前要沐浴，要戒斋。有些香客，可能因多种原因未能及时沐浴，到这里后，从水面上走过，虽然水未湿身，也算是经过了水的洗礼，干干净净入福庆寺吧!山门牌楼：这个牌楼建于清代，为重檐斗拱式建筑，它高11.2米，长7.8米，采用九廊、八柱、三架架、七檐九斗形式建造，整个建筑没用一棵铁钉，经历了1996年和20xx年两次大的洪水“洗礼”，仍然完好如初。不能不让人佩服当时的工艺水平。大家再请看牌楼上这块匾额，上书“苍岩山福庆寺”是李苦禅老先生在1988年游览苍岩山时所题，这也是李老先生的绝笔，因为李老先生从这里回去后，不再动笔，时隔不久老人家因病过世了，所以我们称其为“李老绝笔”。“福庆寺”寺名为宋真宗所敕封。据碑文记载，苍岩山原名为兴善寺，为禅宗临济一脉。北宋年间，有一僧人诠悦在五台华严寺出家，于咸平五年(公元997年)到苍岩山，他见此地古寺荒废，破败不堪，遂立志重修庙宇。他住岩穴，化善缘，开道路，塑佛像，使古寺为之一新。后听说真宗帝在谯郡(现在河南省境内)巡游，诠悦大师冒死求见，历数苍岩山的秀美，寺庙的雄伟，香火的旺盛，请求真宗赐名。真宗为诠悦的诚意所感动，下旨考察苍岩山。当时县令张献可带人考察后，如实上奏。于宋真宗大中祥符7年(公元1020xx年)敕封寺名“福庆寺”沿用至今。(宋真宗为赵桓)(山门：)大家请看大门两边，有两幅对联，其一呢，是：“苍岩胜境观音道场”。那位说了，观音道场应该是在浙江定海的普陀山呀，为何苍岩山又成了他的道场呢?这里待各们看过苍岩山后就会有所领悟，这里我不再细说，一会儿给大家解释。另一幅对联是：“峭壁悬空处梵宫琳宇乡”，梵宫、琳宇都是佛教用语，它的意思是指苍岩山 这里是个山青水秀的好地方，也是传颂佛法的好场所。好啦，咱们先进去吧!

(在全景图前向大家交待一下行进路线。)请各位拿好各自的门票，排队检票，进山后要注意，保管好门票，我们这里景区禁止吸烟，哪位朋友需要吸烟的话，请您忍耐一下，沿途我们设有休息和吸烟的地方。我们的右侧为苍山书院，十六景的第二景，叫书院午荫(可简单介绍)这是书院午荫，这个小院始建于明代，中叶是过去文人墨客吟诗作画的地方，它建于一个独孔石桥上，早先桥下凉水常流，夏日翠木掩映，在这里读书，确有“日光不到望晨夕，绝似丹丘小洞天”的景色。(魁星)这个相貌丑陋,略带狰狞的人物为魁星，您看他左手提斗，右手得笔，单腿独立于一只鳌头之上，从其神态上可看出，他掌管着读书人的事情，人们常说，某某人才高八斗，可独占鳌头，并被点为状元等等，都是受其点化，可以说在星宿之中，魁星就是点化读书人的最高长官了。据说读书人拜拜他，再加上自己的努力，就可金榜题名了。哪位有兴趣可以试一试，应验了可要记着回来还愿哟!(碑房)碑房中摆放着十余通石碑，多为重修碑或布施碑。苍岩山共有记事碑、布施碑、诗碑等165通，其中：布施碑占90%，最早的碑为宋碑，有两通，金碑11通，元碑1通，明碑10通，清碑107通。民国及其他碑12通。(可简单带过。)(戏楼坪)简要介绍，只提苍岩山的戏楼没顶的来历。(猴祖师)：讲皇姑巧占苍岩的故事。

传说当年皇姑到苍岩山后，看中了苍岩山南山的这块风水宝地，但同时看中这里的还有道士志公。即然都看好了这里，佛道又不能同居一山，公主就和志公商议，第二天的辰时登山，谁先到达山顶谁就在此修行。到了晚上，公主睡不着心想：我一个妇道人家，哪能比得过人家身强力壮的志公呢?正在她愁眉不展的时候，面前出现了一只猴子将公主的随身包袱抢走，转身钻进了树林，踪迹皆无。公主心里更着急了，我都落难到如此地步，一只猴子也来欺负我。她伤心地哭了。哭着哭着天亮了，与志公约定的时间马上就到了，公主强打精神开始登山。再说志公道士，一看到了辰时，仗着身强体壮，奋力登山，走着走着突然看到前面空地上插着一柄长剑，再仔细一看原来是自己丢失的那把佩剑，他上前一把拔出剑来，立刻傻眼，在剑的另一端插着一只女人的绣花鞋，志公见此，仰天长叹：“天意呀!天意!”于是他转身下山，在对面山上建起了志公寺，把苍岩山让给了公主。这到底是怎么回事呢?原来这都是那只猴子的功劳。抢公主包袱的猴子是一只灵猴，他抢了公主的包袱后，又偷走了志公随身的佩剑，并把公主的绣花鞋插在剑上，埋在了志公登山的必经之路，志公一看到有女人的绣花鞋就认为公主已先到了山顶，所以他就不再向山顶爬了，而是另择修行地了。猴子一看志公走了，便叫来了一只老虎，驮着公主登上了山顶。所以在苍岩山的这座小庙里供奉的就是那只灵猴，这也是苍岩山的独到之处吧!万仙堂：内供奉着财神赵公明及神医华佗、孙思邈。(文昌帝君)：文昌帝君是中国古代主管学问、文章、科学的神，在道教系统中地位较高，管上天仙籍，人间祸福，地狱轮回，被称作是“帝君司命之神”。他与魁星的区别是，文昌属道教范畴，而魁星衙星宿(宿命学)范畴。

好了，下面我们去看一下苍岩山的第一绝，碧涧灵檀吧!

在苍岩山的这个深涧中，长着成千上万棵青檀，当地人称之为白檀。这在我们北方地区，仅苍岩山所独有，而且有关林业专家曾试图将其移植，但目前尚未成功。

我们说它绝主要是以下几个方面：一是它生的地方绝，这些檀树全部生长在少土少水的地方。一会大家可以看到它们有的依壁而生，有的劈石而长，有的生于乱石丛中，有的干脆抱石而立，在如此恶劣的环境中，能够枝繁叶茂，繁衍生息不能不让人称奇叫绝。

二是它的形态绝，在苍岩山的檀树中，您不会找到两棵形态基本一致的檀树，它各个象是一棵盆景，点缀在山腰，形态各异，名称各异。

三是它绝在无皮无心，这些树长到一定的树龄就变得无皮中空，供人观尝，这些树无皮无心，传说和苍岩圣母三皇姑有关呢!(讲一下挂破裙裾的故事)

从植物生现学上看，它其实是一种适者生存的具体表现。

它的根部全部扎在深的石缝中，吸取养份和水份，遇到干旱年份，水份较少，它生长得较慢，在雨水较大的年份生长的较快，因此造成了树身年轮的大小不一及木质的疏松、密实度不一，在树龄较小的时，所消耗的养份较少，所以它的树皮较厚，树干不易开裂，长到一定的树龄后，所需水份、养份逐渐增大，蒸腾作用日益增强，为了给叶部提供更多的水份、矿物质、植物(檀树)就采用增大表皮的自我保措施，较厚的皮变得很薄，木质部还逐渐开裂，形成了表面光滑，中间空心的树干。就是我们 所说的无皮无心的树了。

老人檀

这是一棵有着千年树龄的檀树，它表面疙疙瘩瘩，中间却是空心的，可以容一个进去，在此合影留念会使您象这棵檀树一样充满智慧，健康长寿。

诗云：老态龙钟似老翁，春秋几许问谁人。

虚怀若谷经风雨，自在山林自在生。

金蟾檀

枝雕金蟾峭壁向，丹青绘出愈神传。

游人若知檀林早，金蟾阳寿有千年。

抱石檀，又称果老檀。传说张果老骑驴游苍岩山时，将其座骑拴在此树上，调皮的小驴贪吃树下的青草，不小心把树拉倒，张果老便搬来五岳之石支起树干，又引来四海之水精心浇灌，此树得以成活，您若不信可仔细看看，树干上还有缰绳印呢!

正是：古檀抱石不计年，盘根错节石罅钻。

采精化气真魂在，长生石上有名传。

鸳鸯檀

这两株檀树名为鸳鸯檀。传说古时候有一对青年男女，从小青梅竹马，情投意合，私下定了终身，但女方父母一直不同意这桩婚事，并将女儿许配给了一家财主，在娶亲的头一天晚上姑娘把意中人叫了出来，来到苍岩山，双双从悬崖上跳了下来，以身殉情，第二年这里便长出了两株檀树，而且长着长着主干逐渐向对方倾斜，逐渐长到了一起。人们说这是那对男女的行为感动了上苍，上苍特许二位在阴间成了夫妻，这两株檀树也就成为其在阴间的化身。

这个传说真实与否姑且不论，单看这两株檀树老树在1986年时遇雷起火，后又在根部长出了两株新树，奇的是长着长着这两株就又靠在一起了，您说奇吗?

在此我祝愿咱们团中的各们有情人终成眷属。

有人用这样的诗句赞美鸳鸯檀

两檀缠绵连理枝，恰似鸳鸯戏水时。

情缘只在造化数，地久天长无限期。

(跨虎登山)

(十二生肖处)这里大家可以稍做休息，抽烟的同志可以抽一口了。

请大家抬头向上看，连续三座桥，凌空飞架，桥上建殿，这就是被称为我国三大悬空寺的福庆寺，这也是我国目前最险的悬空寺。这个景观叫桥殿飞虹，这也是我们苍岩山的第二绝了。楚图南老先生称赞这里是“千丈虹桥望入微，天光云彩共楼飞”，不过要看桥楼殿是需要付出代价的，要爬过前面365级台阶，方能一睹芳姿。当然，爬这365级台阶，需要一定的体力，大家权当是锻炼身体，同时这也是我们苍岩山送给您的365个祝福，祝您天天有个好心情，日日有个好身体。

(王灵官)

也叫灵官王元帅，在民间崇奉为护法尊神，用于守护宫院，驱邪镇魔。

它的上方为避水珠，变称峭壁嵌珠，为苍岩山的山灵所在。

(天王殿)好啦，经过大家的努力，我们来到了“仙界”，在这里可以稍稍休息。

这就是小桥楼殿，据考证要早于前面的大桥楼殿。请看这幅对联，上联是“殿前无灯凭月照”，下联是“山门不锁待云封”。这就是苍岩山景色的真实写照。

这里的塑像为四大天王。四大天王也叫“护法四大天王”或四大金刚。据说在须弥山腰有一座小山，名为健陀山，此山有四座山峰，四大天王分住其上，而且四大天王各领二十八部夜叉大将，各护一方天下。

东方持天王，名为多罗吒，身为白色，披挂甲胄，原左手拿刀，右手执弓，后改为手持琵琶，“持国”意为慈悲，护生，琵琶原意为用音乐来感化人。

南方增长天王，叫毗琉璃，身青色，穿甲胄，手持宝剑。“增长”意思为让众生增长善根，持宝剑，目的是保护佛法不受侵犯。

西方广目天王，叫毗留博叉，身红色，着甲胄，带长刀，左手托宝塔，右手握伞。“多闻”指他福德闻名四方，手持宝塔、宝伞，以制服魔怪，保护众生财富。

以上四王简称东琴、西蛟、南剑、北伞。

这四大天王都是维护佛界的四大天王，但后来在人间赋予了他们新的含义琵琶象征“调”，南方剑象征“风”，蛇象征“顺”，伞象征“雨”，合起来为“风调雨顺”，暗示着五谷丰登之意。

在我国古代小说“西游记”中，把他的说成护持天宫天门的，在“封神演义”中又将其描写成了魔家四将死后所封的神，就是现在我们看到的四个名字：魔礼青、魔礼海、魔礼寿、魔礼红。

好了，看过了小桥楼殿和四大天王，咱们还是去咱们今天的主要目的地——桥楼殿吧!

这座桥楼殿凌空飞架于距地面48米的悬崖绝壁上，下面建桥，桥上筑殿，与周围环境浑然一体，不能不说是天工巧夺。

据我国著名桥梁专家茅以升老先生考证，此桥的形式与赵州桥的结构完全一致，均为单肩式拱桥。建筑年代约为隋代，上面的宫殿为后人所建，约为唐代。

该桥全长15米，宽约8米。桥的拱高为2。8米。从力学的角度看，拱桥承重要较平板桥效果好，但此桥上因有殿，此殿重量及游客满载时，总重量约在35吨左右，按此推算，桥的拱记应在3。5米到4米之间，可该桥拱高仅2。8米，承受了如此大的重量，且经过了一千多年的风吹雨淋、地震、洪灾等自然灾害，至今完好，不能不说是建筑学上的一个奇迹。

另外，这个桥建在两山这间，在一千多年前，无大型起重设备，它是怎样建起来的呢?

传说，是鲁班修了这座桥，鲁班接受天命，要在苍岩山修一座桥，建筑材料和人都找好了，就是想不出如何搭才行，一日他正闭眼小憩，就看见一个老头赶着一群牛上山，有几头牛不听话，只顾低头吃路边的青草，上山的速度很慢，老头只得用鞭子狠抽这些贪吃的牛，嘴里还嘟囔“打你个柴牛，打你个柴牛，叫你贪吃”鲁班一睁眼，眼前什么都没有，原来是做了个梦。鲁班心想，这是上天派人给我托梦，要我用柴搭成牛拱建桥啊!于是就从周边的山上砍来树枝，搭拱建起了这座桥。所以，这座 桥起初叫柴楼殿，后人根据其造型改名为桥楼殿。

其实据我们考证,这座桥确实是用柴禾搭起拱形,当时修建此桥的工匠们,砍来了树枝,将它们堆放在山谷里,利用冬季寒冷季节,在树枝上泼上水,使其牢固地连在一起,然后再进行建设。那位说了，冬季天寒地冻，滴水成冰，能和泥搞建筑吗?哎!对了，这座桥绝就绝在没用一滴水，没用一锨泥，全是干打磊建起来的。所以你现在看这座桥的的石头接触面的中间没有泥土。

好了，大家不要光听我说，还是实地去看一下吧!

(正殿)

此处供奉着释迦牟尼、阿弥陀和药师琉璃光三尊佛像。这三尊佛像代表着宇宙空间中、东、西三方不同边界的佛，即：横三世佛。中方指娑婆世界的教主释迦牟尼佛(中间即是)，他的像很有特点，他的坐像为结跏跌坐(俗称盘脚打坐，即双腿交叉，两只脚掌朝上，分别放在大腿上意思为静坐敛心，止息杂念，它又叫“勇健坐”或“降魔坐”，像征着佛说法的庄严与悟道的宁静，他的手势为：左手横放在左腿上，掌心向上，右手向上屈指用环形，表现了佛主说的瞬间，所以又称其为“说法相”。

释迦牟尼是佛教的创始者，是佛教教主，释迦牟尼是部落的名字，释迦牟尼即“释迦族的圣人”之意，他的名字叫乔达摩.悉达多，是古印度北部的释迦共和国(现印度与尼泊尔交界处)人，他出生时，有仙人预言，如他不出家，有可能成为转轮圣王。他的父亲为防止他出家，费尽了心思，但在他29岁时，仍违背父母的意愿，出家修行。

他主张众生平等，提倡戒淫、戒杀、戒盗、戒妄、戒荤洒，斩七情，绝六欲，他创造了因果报应说，主张普渡众生。他了解人们的生活，尤其是底层的劳动人民，能用人们喜闻乐见的形式阐述较难懂的佛教教义，深受人们喜欢，佛教也迅速传播。后来，释迦牟尼在菩提树下成道。

右面为西方极乐世界的阿弥陀佛，又称无量寿佛，他双手掌交叉相叠，以右手背后压左手面，放在足上，挡肚脐，此像为接引众生相。

左边这尊是东方净琉璃世界的药师如来佛像，他的坐法同是中方相同，只是手势有别，他双手合十，两食指并立，可排除众生的一切苦难。

这横世三佛与竖世三佛相对应。

竖世三佛代表宇宙的时间顺序，即过去、现在、未来三世佛，过去佛为迦叶佛，现在佛为释迦

周边是十八罗汉像。

罗汉主称为“阿罗汉”，其中十六公益事业释迦牟尼的弟子，另两位为清代乾隆所定，即：降龙、伏虎。这十八罗汉一环绕在三世佛周围，是三世佛的卫士，同时也是传授佛法、护卫佛法的使者。

与释迦牟尼相背而坐的是观音菩萨，传说她曾立誓普救众生，成为大慈大悲的菩萨，她能拯救十二种大难，可现三十二种不同身形，遇难众生只要诵念其法号，她即 观其声前往救难。

在小说“西游记”中，也常有类似的场景出现，每逢唐僧遇难，或是悟空前往求救，或是在有人念其名号后，悄然而至，为唐僧师徒解围救难。

在东侧的大殿里“福缘善庆”两头两字就是寺院的名字-------福庆寺。而善字说明了这个寺原为兴善寺，福庆是由兴善演化而来的。

我们再看一下大门石阶上的这两个饰物，它叫玉玺蹲配。据我国文物专家罗哲文先生考证，此件为北魏时期的作品，在全国仅有两对，这是其中一对。

殿内供奏的是释迦牟尼，左为日光普照菩萨，右为月光普照菩萨，是“东方三圣像”。

我们前面这座桥建于民国年间，因战乱只修了一部分，虽然这座桥建筑年代较晚，但此处却有着非同一般的经历。

我想大家都看过李安执导的电影“卧虎藏龙”吧，那里许多镜头都是在这里拍摄的，请大家回头看一下这周围的景物-----桥楼殿、深涧、殿堂，是不是感到很熟悉?

(到天桥西北角)：这里便是玉蛟龙跳崖的地方，她的台词是：“小虎，许个愿吧!”然后飞身跳下悬崖。

哪位有兴趣可以在这拍照留念，可能照出的相后景太小，不全，前面有两个地方可以拍到桥楼殿的全景。

说起拍电影，苍岩山的风光吸引了无数摄影爱好者，有许多影视剧都曾将这里做为外景地，比如大佛殿后面的浴龙池，便是拍摄电视剧“西游记”中唐僧放生处，而象“白龙剑”、“白发魔女传”“天龙八部”等都在此拍了许多镜头。

(绝巘回栏)

绝壁开通途，高空有回栏。从这里一直到公主祠，由禅房、楼阁点缀，峰回路转，曲径通幽，一步一层天。

苍岩山的建筑很有特色，这些建筑多依山势而建，该空则空，该密则密，形成了自已的建筑特色。而这些不同层次的建筑，为苍岩山构成了一幅立体的山水画卷。同时也构成了人间、仙境、上天的三个空间，由山门到悬登云梯云，此由檀树形成人间;它是生命的象征，而经过360级台阶的攀登，经过您的努力，到了仙界,就是中间一层，从这里向下看，山涧檀林如画，路上行人慢慢走动，在云雾天气，这里雾锁山谷，云傍脚下，真乃一个人间仙境。而到山顶后，您的视野将会更加开阔，远可望太行群峰，近可观苍岩美景，间或农舍三五，闻鸡犬之声，犹如武陵桃园，更似天上人间。

(尚书古碣)

这通碑叫透龙碑，又见粘子碑，是明嘉靖年间的吏部尚书乔宇所书(官同现在的中组部部长)

乔宇，山西平定人，1520xx年四月初三都察院右副御使刘元瑞(官同现在的纪检委书记或监察局局长)要告老还乡，回老家湖州，乔宇同刘一起游苍岩山，乔宇与刘对酒吟诗，乔宇提笔写下了诗的内容，并刻于此碑。

为什么又叫透龙碑呢?这是从这通碑的帽所说的，在封建社会，等级制度森严，对哪级官员从穿着服饰到日用器具都有严格的规定，这石碑只有一定级别的官员才能用龙的图案，同时碑的尺寸也有限制，而乔宇做为吏部尚书，官至一品，用龙做碑帽是当时的御批，也是特权。这个碑帽刻的龙图案两边凿透，立体感十分强，所以叫透龙碑。

哪它为什么又叫粘子碑呢?传说到这里后，可钢蹦占卜自己生男生女，如果帖上掉不下来，生男;否则生女。当然这是很唯心的事，现在实行计划生育，少生优生，男女都一样，不过做为游戏，大家不妨试一下。

(说法危台下可以休息，但不能吸烟。)

(说法危台)

这座孤立的石台，叫说法危台，是乔宇、刘元瑞题诗、对奕、饮酒的地方。也是南阳公主讲经说法的地方。

这个地方比较陡，大家上下的时候不要拥挤，要小心一些。

上面可以拍到桥楼殿的全景，喜欢拍照的游客可以到上面去照相。

(妙法莲花宝塔)

俗话说：逢寺必有塔。宝塔是中华民族的瑰宝，有很高的文化艺术价值。而且在佛学中，塔具有神圣的地位，它是佛主如赤的象征。释迦牟尼涅磐后，其弟子将其火化，烧出了色对晶莹、击之碎的珠子，即舍利子。众弟子在各地修塔，将舍利分离，就是后人所说有舍利塔。塔也随之成了佛教的主要建筑之一，即佛主释迦牟尼的化身。

这座塔建于金代，属于井陉花塔系列，所谓花塔，即具有华丽的外表和繁杂的花饰，看上去象一朵巨大的莲花，这是我国古塔中极为罕见的一种。

这座花塔现高为10米，平面六边形，高五层，是楼阁式仿木实心砖塔。由塔基、塔身、塔刹三部分组成。塔座原为莲花座，后因局坍塌，改为方形座，塔刹已毁。

我们从这个地方向东看，有一似香炉的石头，上面有三根石柱，此景为“炉峰夕照”。

我们一直说苍岩山有三绝，这第三绝是什么呢?

大家抬头，或看一看周边的这些柏树，它们生长在半山腰上，头全部扭到公主祠方向，我们称其为“扭头柏”，多少年来，一直称此景为“古柏朝圣”。

你不要看这些柏树其貌不扬，但它却在这里生长了几万百年，上千年了，由天植物的趋光性，使得其朝向阳光强烈的一方生长旺盛，而公主祠处在有太阳时，日照最强、最长的地方，所以就形成了这个奇特的景观，这是巧合呢?还是天意?就由大家各自去理解吧!

(虚阁藏幽)

此处看到了主殿-----公主祠

在刚进山门时,我说到这里是观音道场(可参考报纸部分)

南阳公主是隋炀帝的长女,其嫁给了宇义家族,其丈夫为宇义士及,因隋炀帝行施暴政,引起了国内农民起义不断,宇义士及及其兄宇义化及设计勒死了隋炀帝杨广,后宇义家族被农民起义军窦建德追赶,南阳公主被俘,窦要求公主随其征战,但南阳公主在父死夫亡、国破家败的情形下，万念俱灰，看破红尘，遂出家为尼，并在苍岩山修行。

公主在皇宫时饱读诗书，并略通医道，到这里后，以慈悲为怀，广行善事，用医术医好了许多人的疾病，一时成为周围广大地区顶礼膜拜的偶象，被人称作是观音菩萨的化身。到宋代真宗又亲敕寺名为“福庆寺”，在清光绪年间，公主被敕封为“慈佑菩萨”，使得苍岩山名声远播，香客如云。

公主祠原名为“公主真容堂”，建于金代，明代后改为“真容殿”。

上海的南京路是上海开埠后最早建立的一条商业街。它东起外滩、西迄延安西路，横跨静安、黄浦两区，全长5.5公里，以西藏中路为界分为东西两段。1945年，国民的政府从列强手上回收所有租界后将南京路改名南京东路，静安寺路改名南京西路。故广义的南京路包括上海十大商业中心中的两个：南京东路与南京西路——南京东路（包括南京路步行街）主要是平价商业区和旅游区；而南京西路（包括静安寺地区）则是中国商铺租金最高也是全上海最奢华的时尚商业街区，以奢侈品和高端个性消费为主。狭义的南京路即1945年以前的南京路则专指今天的南京东路。

南京西路则是今天的上海最顶级的商业街区。老上海南京路的四大百货公司创亚洲百货业无数先河：最早在百货公司使用自动扶梯，最早在百货公司使用空调系统最早开具收据，最早服务人员着统一制服，最早将百货公司与其他餐饮影院、赌场、杂耍场等业态融为一体等待。传统与现代的交织为这条百年老街增添了别样的魅力。这里是万商云集的宝地，是上海对外开放窗口也是国内外购物者的天堂。

两侧商厦鳞次栉比，繁华异常。中华人民共和国成立后南京路发生了巨大的变化，老介福商厦、华联商厦、广电大厦、轻工大厦、上海商城、锦沧文华大酒店等，现代化的大型、高层建筑使南京路更加绮丽繁华。《霓虹灯下的哨兵》——"南京路上好八连"更是一道亮丽的风景线。

南京路是上海最知名的商业街区，素有“中华商业第一街”之美誉，南京东路（包括南京路步行街）是曾经的远东第一商业街，南京西路则是今天的上海最顶级的商业街区。老上海南京路的四大百货公司创亚洲百货业无数先河：最早在百货公司使用自动扶梯，最早在百货公司使用空调系统，最早开具收据，最早服务人员着统一制服，最早将百货公司与其他餐饮、影院、赌场、杂耍场等业态融为一体等待。传统与现代的交织为这条百年老街增添了别样的魅力。这里是万商云集的宝地，是上海对外开放窗口，也是国内外购物者的天堂。

长春莲花山滑雪场地处长春市二道区四家乡青山村，距长春市区39公里，距长春龙嘉国际机场仅20公里，交通极其便捷，是全国中、高级滑雪场中距中心城市最近的滑雪场。长春莲花山滑雪场规划占地6平方公里，群山环绕、山水相连，9座高低起伏的山峰酷似九朵含苞的莲花，其中最高峰为莲秀峰，海拔413米。独特的自然条件是建设竞技与旅游滑雪场的理想之地，先进的造雪系统可使滑雪期提前至每年的11月下旬，延长至次年的3月末。

目前，长春莲花山滑雪场已按国际标准设计建造了"自由式空中技巧"和"单板U型槽"两个比赛场地;一期开设了6条初、中、高级滑雪道，可满足不同滑雪水平游客的需求;新建的2条高山吊椅索道和2条拖迁索道，将在最短的时间内把游客送达各条雪道的起始点，并可开展滑翔伞运动。同时，这里开展了雪地摩托、雪上飞碟、冰上滑梯、马爬犁、狗爬犁和网球等多种运动项目。此外，莲花鱼馆的鱼宴、林间可容纳百余人的别墅群、日接待500余人食宿的运动员中心……无一不体现着家的温馨

欢迎各位来宾到湘鄂川黔革命根据地纪念馆参观。这里原系民国7年(公元1918年)芬兰牧士建的天主堂，3栋共15间木结构平房，四周有砖墙环护。1934年11月24日，中国工农红军二、六军团在任弼时、贺龙、肖克、王震等领导下，一举解放大庸县城，于26日成立临时省委，12月1日在天主堂内成立湘鄂川黔省革命委员会，领导湘鄂川黔革命根据地31个县的反围剿斗争，沉重地打击了国民党反动派和地方封建势力，为中华民族的解放事业作出了卓越贡献，在中国人民革命斗争史上写下了光辉灿烂的一页。为缅怀先烈功绩，弘扬革命精神，中共张家界市永定区委和区政府于91年夏发动募捐修复湘鄂川黔省委、省军区、省革命委员会旧址，并新建纪念馆，于1993年12月26日落成开馆。

纪念馆占地面积2800平方米，其中建筑面积1600平方米。东头是三堵矮墙围着的一栋木平房，三间小屋曾住过任弼时、贺龙、肖克，黑漆桌上的桐油灯作证，一代英杰曾在这里彻夜运筹。西头是可容纳200余人的省委礼堂，当时省委扩大会和省直各部门的会议均在此召开，现已辟为将军馆，166位在湘鄂川黔革命根据地留下英雄足迹的新中国将帅的照片挂满墙壁。纪念馆大门左右，一字排开11间办公室，当年3大机关13个直属部门均在此办公。庭院正中是根据我国著名雕塑家潘鹤的作品《艰苦岁月》凿制而成的一尊双人石像，小红军抱着高过头顶的步枪，依偎在横吹短笛的老红军膝头，似在入神地倾听。雕像后面是纪念馆主楼，内设三个展室，陈列着223幅大型图片和100多件革命文物，再现了根据地的光辉斗争史，反映了根据地军民艰苦卓绝的革命历程和高尚情操。肖克将军为纪念馆题写了馆名。

第一部分 湘鄂川黔边根据地的初创

193年11月，由于王明左”倾路线错误和敌人的大举进攻，湘鄂西革命根据地全部丧失，红三军在湘鄂西中央分局夏曦、贺龙、关向应的领导下不得不转战鄂川边。

12月19日，湘鄂西中央分局听湖北咸丰大村召开会议，决定创建湘鄂川黔边新苏区”。此后，红三军在湘鄂川黔边转战，寻找立足点。

1934年5月，红三军西渡乌江，进入贵州。6月19日，湘鄂西中央分局在贵州沿河枫香溪召开会议，决定在黔东创建根据地。7月21日黔东特区革命委员会成立。黔东根据地的建立，为红二、六军团会师和湘鄂川黔根据地的形成创造了条件。

第二部分 湘鄂川黔边根据地的全面形成

1934年10月，红六军团经过艰苦转战，进入黔东，24日，与红三军在印江木黄胜利会师。会师后红三军恢复红二军团番号，两军团联合行动，由贺龙、任弼时、关向应统一指挥。

红二、六军团会师后，为了策应中央红军长征与建立湘鄂川黔边根据地，决定发动湘西攻势。

1934年10月28日，红二、六军团从四川南腰出发，向湘西挺进。11月7日，攻克永顺县城，湘敌何键急令湘西军阀陈渠珍派兵堵剿，陈纠集三个旅，约一万人的兵力向永顺扑来。红军决定采取诱敌深入、聚而歼之的作战方针，主动放弃永顺县城，退至城北90里的十万坪地区设伏。16日黄昏，尾追之敌进入伏击圈，我军奋起痛击，歼、俘敌3000余人。我军乘胜追击，24日占领大庸、桑植。12月7日，进击沅陵，17日包围常德，攻下桃源。

由于湘西攻势的胜利，促进了新区工作的发展，红二、六军团控制了永顺、大庸、桑植的大部和龙山、保靖、桃源、慈利、常德等县的一部，并占有大庸、桑植、永顺等县城，开辟了湘鄂川黔边根据地。

第三部分 根据地省委的成立并领导人民开展革命斗争

1934年11月26日，奉中共中央电示，在大庸成立了中共湘鄂川黔省委，任弼时为省委书记，贺龙、关向应、夏曦、王震、肖克及张子意、刘士杰(后叛变)、周玉珠为省委委员，同时成立省军区，贺龙为军区司令员，任弼时为。还成立了省革命委员会，贺龙为主席，夏曦、朱长清为副主席。至此，以大庸为中心的湘鄂川黔革命根据地正式形成。

苏区省委成立之后，即着手领导开展建党建政、土地革命和扩红等项工作，同时还进行了必要的经济、文化教育、卫生等方面的建设，并取得了一定的成果，推动了根据地的巩固和发展。

第四部分 反围剿的激烈战斗

湘鄂川黔根据地的建立和发展，特别是红军的主动出击，给国民党政府造成了新的威胁，蒋介石惊恐万分，下令调集湘鄂两省的军队，集中了11个师又4个旅，共40多个团，约11万人的兵力，编成6个纵队，在地方保安团的配合下，对根据地发动围剿”。

针对敌人的疯狂进攻，我根据地军民，同仇敌忾，严阵以待。1935年1月，敌军向根据地进攻，我红军主力班师大庸休整。2月上旬，红军在慈利设防正面阻击郭汝栋纵队失利，在大庸被李觉部乘机侵占。红军回师在大庸后坪鸡公垭设伏再打李觉部纵队失利，郭汝栋纵队乘机占领桑植。两个月的反围剿”作战，由于对指示的实行运动战，选择敌人弱点，在运动中各个击破之”的作战方针理解不深，而是从正面迎击敌人，以至一再受挫，根据地不断缩小，红军处境日益困难，二、六军团领导决定向北转移。4月12日，红军从塔卧、龙家寨向北撤退。这时，鄂军第五十八师第一七二旅进驻陈家河与我军遭遇，该敌贪功冒进，孤军深入，红军抓住战机，于14日予以全歼。敌师部和第一七上旅慌忙逃窜。次日红军又在桃子溪地区，将南逃之敌第五十八师师部和第一七四旅全歼，乘胜收复了桑植县城。红二、六军团因形势二转，决定放弃北撤计划，仍留原地坚持斗争。4月下旬红军主力东进，攻占江垭，红军主力又西云湖北，在咸丰忠堡歼敌第四十一师，活捉敌纵队司令兼师长张振汉。8月3日，红军设伏于板栗园歼敌八十五师师部和两个团，击毙敌师长谢彬。8月8日在芭蕉坨一举击溃陶广纵队10个团。至此，湘鄂敌军被迫转入防御，敌军对湘鄂川黔根据地的围剿”遂以失败告终。8月下旬，红二、六军团主动出击，先后占领石门、澧州、津市、临澧等县城，根据地和红军进一步扩大。1935年9月，湘鄂川黔根据地中心区域和游击区已扩大到东至洞庭湖西岸，西至四川酉阳，西北至湖北咸丰、恩施，南至沅陵，北至鹤峰，加上黔东和鄂川边两个游击区，人口约200万。红二、六军团发展到4个师12个团，约2万人。

第五部分 胜利实现战略转移

我红二、六军团的节节胜利，宣告了蒋介石利用湘鄂两省敌军围剿”红军的计划已经失败。蒋介石气急败坏，以更加狠毒的手段布置新的围剿”，于1935年10月8日，下令成立宜昌行辕，派陈诚任行辕参谋长，代行他的职权，以便统一指挥。宜昌行辕所辖兵力，达22个师又5个旅，130个团，20余万人，加上地方保安团队，共约30万之众。

当时，我红二、六军团主力虽然有了很大发展，但是总兵力也只有两万多人。在敌我力量相当悬殊的情况下，为了保存革命力量，省委和军委分会决定退出根据地，采取声东击西战术，直插湘中，突破敌人的围攻线后，再转移至敌人力量较薄弱的湘黔边，争取在贵州的石阡、镇远、黄平地区创建新的根据地。1935年11月19日，红二、六军团分别在桑植刘家坪和瑞塔铺举行了红军突围誓师大会，除留湘鄂川黔特委和红十八师坚持根据地的斗争，牵制敌人之外，主力部队于当晚开始了突围行动。经过一个多月的转战，我红二、六军团于1936年1月进入贵州。留守在湘鄂川黔根据地的湘鄂川黔特委和红十八师，经过浴血奋战，完成了掩护主力转移的任务后，也突破重围，于1月9日到贵州江口与六军团主力会合。一月下旬，二、六军主力继续西征，二月初，占领了黔西、大定、毕节地区，并成立了中华苏维埃共和国川滇黔省革命委员会”。从此，结束了湘鄂川黔革命根据地的光辉历史。

第六部分 先烈们的丰碑永存

在创建、发展、捍卫根据地和突围转战斗争中，我红二、六军团指战员舍生忘死，前仆后继与敌人浴血奋战，写下了可歌可泣的动人篇章。红军撤离根据地后，国民党反动派卷土重来，对革命力量进行疯狂镇压。面对敌人的血腥屠杀，我革命干部、群众英勇顽强、宁死不屈，表现出对革命事业的无比忠贞，其英名永垂青史，风范长励后人。牺牲在湘鄂川黔边根据地的部队团级、地方县级的干部烈士就有53名，这就是他们的英名录(介绍图片)。

第七部分 老区大庸在中央领导和革命前辈关怀下的巨大变化

60多年过去了，昔日苏区省府大庸，自新中国成立到党的十一届三全会以来，旧貌换新颜，尤其是开发旅游，张家界奇山异水大放光彩，使这里发展了翻天覆地的变化，中央领导频频莅临视察，革命前辈纷纷故地重游，表达了对老革命根据地人民的无限深情和建设事业的密切关注。

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

中都草原位于张北县境内。中都是元代与大都(北京)、上都(开平)齐名的三都之一，是皇室宗族巡幸避暑胜地。1320xx年，元武宗在张北草原上共建中都。规模宏 大、瑰丽壮观.成为皇室往返元大都(北京)，上都(开 平)的巡都。中都原始草原成为皇家狩猎、避暑、 巡幸之地，后经马可.波罗介绍到西方，与大都齐名而声海内外.草原旅游也延绵互今。

中都草原是锡林郭勒大草原的组成部分和精华。 有着完整的原始、天然生态系统，野阔草平，苍茫浩荡.马兰、干枝梅、黄花、金莲花沸沸 扬扬、横无际涯，放发出沁人心脾的芬芳口蘑酸柳、 地皮菜隐匿草间;旱獭、草原袋鼠、鼹鼠嬉戏跳跃; 泽边、云端上，大雁驻足.百灵高歌;布谷黄鹂画 眉羊群、牧马驼铃声声。

Good friends! Now, we went to the famous Three Gorges of the Yangtze River, the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River between Chongqing and Hubei, is called the Qutang gorge, Wu Gorge and Xiling gorge. The magnificent scenery, pulling insurance yet Ya Zhuang is beautiful, is a good place for leisure.

The total length of two hundred km, we look at both sides are continuous mountains, mountain without a gap, such as a green area. Here the mountains touch the sky, clouds, the sky lock into a belt. Had it not been for midday, the sun would have been invisible?!

The Three Gorges is a "multi view" place. The seasons of the year, this place has radically different views as you enjoy. In summer, the water here is vast and the current is swift. It is a kind of unrestrained beauty. But for the sake of safety, or slightly careful. Autumn, is a sad beauty, with every morning frost, there are monkeys that mourning a whistle, it is copy from rolia.

If youre a quiet person, its time for you! The spring days like this show the beauty of the three gorges. Here is like snow rapids and green pools, swing the Shiba also the reflection of the things in the world are shadow, visitors can explore the head to see, well, there are reflected in the sun! On the peaks on either side of you there are many strange pines and cypresses, very interesting. Now, we are in front of both sides of the falls. The milk shed agitate, is elegant vibrant beauty, well, as the boat forward, we enjoy the beauty of water tree show, mountain grass Sheng!

Happy times always pass so fast that our journey is over. May the Three Gorges Tour leave a good memory in your heart. Bye bye!

崇武古城全部用白色花岗岩垒成，城墙共长2457米，城基高5米，墙高7米，并设有两层跑马逍。墙上有墙碟1304个，箭窗1300个，窝铺26座。四面设城门，内门每扇高3.2米，宽1.3米，前门每扇高2.6米，宽o.9米，东、西、北三座城门相似，各有城门两道，城门上各设烽火台一座，南城门外加设一照墙。在城内莲花山制高点，还设有了望台。四面城边各有一潭一井和通往城前的涵井，城内的十字大街相接四个城门，明朝永乐十五年〔公元1420_年〕，城墙又加高1.3米。这些城墙、窝铺、门楼、月城、墩台、捍寨和演武厅，构成我国古代一套完整的战略防御工程体系。明代守丞丁少鹤曾有诗句赞道：“孤城三而鱼龙窟，大岞双峰虎豹关”。

作为海防的最前沿，崇武古城曾经在明代倭患其间首当其冲，屡遭进犯;亦曾失利陷城，铁马哀鸣。几百年来，古城几代军民凭借天然的屏障和。牢固的石城，历经血与火的洗礼，用生命谱写出可歌可泣的战斗诗篇。这里的“护龙官”、“崇山官”、“崇报祠”、“元饲宫”、“十二爷官”等，都是古城军民为纪念抗倭牺牲的英雄而建造的。

祟武建城之初，由各地抽丁防守，至今还有“百家姓，万人丁”之称(现尚有98姓氏)，兵士们在这里生息繁衍，为捍卫古城作出不可磨灭的贡献。据史书记载，明朝永乐二十二年(公元1420_年)，倭寇一千多人从大山登陆，烧杀抢掠。崇武的千户张荣率领军民奋起抗倭，力战身死，终于保住古城，崇武城免却一场灾难。明嘉靖三十九年(公元1560年)正月，倭寇偷袭崇武城，全城军民浴血奋战，由于孤立无援，粮尽城陷。倭寇入城洗劫42天，无恶不作，令人发指。明朝隆庆元年(公元1567年)，抗倭名将戚继光亲临崇武，指挥剿倭，人民才得以安居乐业。十年倭乱平定后，崇武也成了东南沿海的重镇。

此外，崇武古城作为历史的见证人，她还曾目睹郑成功大军挥师东渡，收复祖国宝岛台湾，目睹崇武军民随人民解放军扬帆南征，解放祖国南大门厦门岛，目睹1956年周总理亲自指挥崇武海战，击沉击伤入侵的美蒋“永泰”、“永昌”号军舰。

古城的军民兵士骁勇善战，令人精神振作;而古成的文人雅士，深切热爱自己的家乡，他们对故园的热情讴歌，引起了后人的强烈共鸣。在崇武城南郊峡道壁谷，盘石岩，峭壁间的“海门深处”石刻即为著名诗、书、画名家黄吾野所书。黄吾野曾经“十年避乱别江湾”。隆庆三年(公元1569年)，倭患平定，黄吾野重返家园，他怀着无比喜悦的心情，咏唱了平倭后的太平景象：“海天南望战尘收，漠漠平沙罢唱筹，渔艇已鸣烟前橹，农人又住水边洲。”明代布政使惠安人戴卓峰也曾在崇武的龙喉岩上摩刻一联：“嘘吸沧溟涵地脉，吐吞日月镇天池，”高度概括了崇武的雄浑气势，照见了先贤的万古英风。

今日的崇武城仍保存看宋、明、清历朝所修建的寺庙庵堂三十多座，主民宅也有数十处。其中有宋代的“云峰庵”、“水潮庵”，有明代的“关帝庙”、“东岳庙”，也有敬奉海神妈祖娘娘的“天妃宫”，以及纪念当地有功人物的“灵安王庙”等，这些古建筑的保存，增添了古城古朴优雅的气息。可以说，祟武古城不但有很高的研究价值，也有一定的欣赏价值。

当您登上崇武古城的最高处，您可以望得见金沙碧水的“半月沉湾”和“西沙银蛇”天然海滨浴场，而海岩边维妙维肖的“神龟戏水”，多彩绚丽的海螺贝壳，孤岩兀立的“峰后险石”，以及那“白鹤升天”、“狮石照晚”、“玉碧传音”，更使人如临仙境。每当大浪时分，那惊涛拍岸、卷起千堆雪的景象令人心荡神摇，而当那风平浪静的时刻，几星鸥鹭、三五帆点缀在画一般的海面上，更令人赞叹大自然的造化。据记载：“崇武大海中，春二、三月常蜃楼海市，如楼阁人马，千形万状，仿佛烟云之中，久之乃散”，

这与山东蓬莱阁的海市蜃楼同为一种过折射的自然现象。只因这种现象出现的机会很少，因而更加令人难以捉摸，更加引起人们的神往。

历史上，崇武还是一个比较开放的古城。尤其是崇武与中国台湾仅一水之隔(海上距离97海里)，两地舟楫往来不断，语言相通，风俗相似，地缘、血缘、文缘等关系十分密切。崇武拥有丰富的山海资源，可是由于战争的因素，它曾被列为“海防前线”，经济发展受到很大限制。如今，战争遗留下来的痕迹已被淹没在改革开放的大浪之中。为了方便中国台湾渔轮前来停靠和台胞上岸旅游访亲，福建省政府早在1988年即把崇武列为全省沿海建设的重点区域。至今，已先后建成全国首座对台贸易专用码头，并扩建了台轮避凤港以及红十字会教护站，台胞接待站等设施。近两年来，对台贸易的条件更加成熟，昔日的前线已逐渐变成两岸交流和台商投资的热线，通航的条件也日趋具备。

崇武古城地灵人杰，历来是人们津津乐道的。人们崇尚她固若金汤的城池，欣赏她风景如画的山水，更赞美她勤劳勇敢的人民。

在崇武城倘徉，您可以看得见闻名中外的惠安女：黄斗笠、花头巾、银腰带、短上衣、宽裤筒，配之那精巧艳丽的头饰，可与蓝天白云相映衬，随大海波涛而起舞。俚语称之为：封建头、民主肚、节约衣、浪费裤。惠安女的奇特风情，给古城风光增添了几分魅力，然而惠安女不仅有美丽的外表，更以勤劳贤惠页著称。崇武一带的男子多出外谋生或出海打渔，因而惠安女成了建设家乡的主力军。她们开公路、修水利、洗衣服、补渔网、敬公婆，教子女，里里外外一把手，可称得上全能媳妇。

祟武古城还以“石雕之乡”而驰名。几百年来，这里的石雕艺匠走遍祖国大江南北，洒下辛勤汗水，他们美化了环境，点缀了江山、创造了艺术。雄姿英发的狮子、飞舞腾空的巨龙，玲珑剔透的香炉、形象逼真的影雕，包罗万有，姿态纷呈。

崇武古城，她是一座古朴雄壮的城，更是一座光辉灿烂的城，她永远耸立在东南沿海的疆土上，更耸立在古城人民的心中。

但愿祟武的古风新貌，使您悦目赏心，使您浮想联翩，使您回味无穷。

欢迎各位朋友再次光临祟武古城，谢谢大家。

At the head of Tangyue village, there are seven magnificent ancientarchways. These archways are arranged in the order of "loyalty, filial piety andrighteousness". It tells the rise and fall of this village for hundreds ofyears. These beautiful stone squares and the male and female ancestral halls inthe village have become an important tourist attraction in Huangshan City.

In the feudal society, in order to commend the officials who had madeoutstanding contributions to the prosperity of the imperial court, thegovernment often approved the construction of "Gongde memorial archway" at thehead of their hometown village, in order to call on people to take this as anexample to serve the imperial court. The Tangyue memorial archway group inShexian county has changed the previous characteristics of wood structure,almost all of them are made of stone, and the "Shexian green" stone with goodquality is the main one. This kind of blue stone archway is solid, tall,magnificent and dignified. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the art of archwayarchitecture was also improving.

Tangyue memorial archway group is the representative works of architecturalart in Ming and Qing Dynasties. There are seven buildings in a row, and thearchitectural style is integrated. Although the time span is as long as severalhundred years, they are in the same shape. According to architectural experts,Tangyue memorial archway is of great value to the study of politics, economy,culture, architectural art, the formation and development of Huizhou merchants,and even the folk custom of dwellings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The first mahogany archway: it was built in the Jiaqing period of MingDynasty, more than 450 years ago. The four pillars of the archway fall down onthe pier, which is simple and magnificent. On the "dragon and Phoenix board"under the overhanging eaves, two "imperial edicts" are inlaid in it. There is apair of relief lions on both sides of the crossbeam, which is extremely heroic.According to reports, Bao can, who was praised by the emperor, had never been anofficial in his whole life. Because of his ability to educate his descendants,his grandchildren made many wonderful achievements in defending the MingDynasty. He was honored by the emperor for three generations and established asquare for his ancestors.

The second archway: the "cixiaoli" archway, which was built in the Yongleperiod of the Ming Dynasty, was approved by the Emperor himself. Its highpolitical treatment can be seen. The "Ci Xiao poem" engraved on the archwayrecords a touching story. When a son of the Bao family saw that his father wouldbe killed, he asked to die instead. The father for the Bao family continue toincense, asked to kill themselves, do not harm their children. Baos father andsons kindness and filial piety moved the world and the robbers. When EmperorQianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, after hearing this story,he happily wrote down that "cixiaoli is unparalleled in the world and the mostbeautiful town in the south of the Yangtze River", and allocated money torenovate the memorial archway of "cixiaoli". And add its old system, engrave theimperial couplet on it. It is rare in Chinese history that a memorial archwaywas sealed by emperors in several dynasties.

The third, the fourth and the fifth archways: the "Li Jie Wan Gu" archway,"Le Shan Hao Shi" archway, "Jie Jin San Sheng" archway and so on. Each archwayhas many touching stories. It is worth mentioning that the "thrifty threewinters" square was built for a stepmother. It is said that after the death ofher husband, the stepmother went through all kinds of womens ways and put theson of her ex-wife before her own. When she was old, she poured out her familyproperty to repair the ancestral grave for her dead husband. This move moved thelocal officials, breaking the convention that the stepwife of "Confucius andMencius" was not allowed to set up a memorial archway, and making an exceptionto build a memorial archway of the same scale for her. In spite of this love, itleft a foreshadowing on the festival of "thrifty and thrifty" on the archforehead. The grass head of the festival and the "zhe" below are wrongly carvedon it to show that the stepmother and the original mate can never be equal instatus.

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到桂林旅游，我是你们的导游__。

靖江王城位于桂林市市中心独秀峰下，广西师范大学内，是明太祖朱元璋其侄孙朱守谦被封为靖江王时修造的王城。

明太祖朱元璋封其重孙朱守谦为靖江王后，此处设为藩邸。朱守谦在明洪武五年(公元1372年)开始建府，历时20__年才完工。王府按照朝廷对藩王府所作的规定构筑，其主要建筑前为承远门，中为承运殿，后为寝宫，最后是御苑。围绕主体建筑还有4堂、4亭和台、阁、轩、室、所等40多处，占地19.78公顷，规模宏大。城垣东南西北四门，名为：体仁(东华门)、端礼(正阳门)、遵义(西华门)、广智(后贡门)，南北长556.6米，东西宽335.5米，通高7.92米，厚5.5米，内外警以方石，内充片石浇灰浆。所有建筑系大式歇山顶，红墙碧瓦。从建成到明代覆灭的257年中，这里住过12代14位藩王。历270余年，是明一代封藩最长的一支。清顺治九年(1652)，农民军李定国攻克桂林，清定南王孔有德将王府焚毁自殁。现保存府第的门、殿、宫须弥座台基及石雕栏柱、陛阶和城垣。

整个王城的宫殿建筑采取严格的中轴对称，“左祖右社、前朝后寝”的布局方式营造，中轴线上的承运门、承运殿高大华丽，气势非凡，体现了王权至上的思想。方城南面的正阳门，有清代两广总督为表彰连中“三元”(解元、会元、状元)的临桂人陈继昌而立的“三元及第”坊，东华门上的“状元及第”坊则是为道光年间新科状元龙启瑞而建，西华门上的“榜眼及第”坊是为同治年间榜眼于建章而建。明代靖江王府，规模宏大，四周以巨石砌城垣，方正庄严在桂林城中自成一城，故称王城。城中有桂林众山之王独秀峰，平地拔起，众山环绕，孤峰独秀，为我独尊，有天然的王者气势。

靖江王城中最完整的明代藩王建筑物——靖江王城景区。在中国4A新定评选中，桂林靖江王城被评为中国4A景区。无论从景区规模还是历史层面来看，桂林靖江王城获此殊荣是当之无愧的。因为桂林靖江王城是中国为数不多的集大学院校、风景名胜区(独秀峰)、完整历史建筑物、历史背景于一体的综合性景区。

独秀峰王城景区位于桂林市中心，是以桂林"众山之王"--独秀峰为中心，明代靖江藩王府地为范围的精品旅游景区。景区内自然山水风光与历史人文景观交相辉映，"桂林山水甲天下"这千古名句的真迹题刻就出于此处。景区涵盖了桂林三大历史文化体系，是桂林历史文化的典型代表，走进景区就走进了桂林历史文化之门。

独秀峰素有"南天一柱"的美誉，史称桂林第一峰。山峰突兀而起，形如刀削斧砍，周围

众山环绕，孤峰傲立，有如帝王之尊。登山306级可达峰顶，是鸟瞰桂林全景的最佳观景台。峰壁摩崖石刻星罗棋布，纵横出世，更有太平岩内的世界文化奇观--"太岁"摩崖石刻。南麓南朝文学家颜延之的读书岩，为桂林最古老的名人胜迹。桂林四大名池之一的月牙池荡漾于山脚，青山碧水，相映成趣，为桂林古八景之一。

自古以来，王城景区被奉为桂林的风水宝地，更是整个桂林城市的发祥地。这里曾经走出了二位皇帝、11代14位靖江王;清代，这里是广西贡院，屡出状元;民国时期，孙中山曾驻跸于此，为北伐大本营运，筹北伐大计;后为广西政府，广西政治、文化活动的中心，李宗仁、白崇禧、黄旭初都曾在此办公。1996年，景区被列为全国重点文物保护单位，现为国家AAAA级景区。世间传颂"北有北京故宫，南有桂林王城"。

靖江王城也叫桂林王城，位于桂林市中心，著名的独秀峰就屹立在王城的正中位置。远顺帝妥懽帖睦尔继位前曾在独秀峰前的大圆寺修行。朱元璋称帝封藩时，将其侄孙朱守谦封藩于桂林，称靖江王。王城就是靖江王的王府。

王城景区由明靖江王城和独秀峰组成。王城为全国重点文物保护单位。

王城始建于明洪武五年(1372年)，洪武九年(1376年)基本建成，至今已有630多年的历史，故桂林王城比北京故宫建成的时间还早30多年。王城南北长557.5米，东西宽336米，占地面积18.7万平方米，城墙高7.92米，厚5.5米。并辟有端礼、广智、体仁、遵义4门，左为宗庙，右为社稷。城内建筑及风景有承运门、承运殿、寝宫、月牙池、后花园等。宝善堂、清越亭、凌虚台、可心轩、玄武阁、三神祠等各类建筑齐备。御园中的月牙池可泛舟。清顺治九年(1652年)，定南王孔有德抵抗不住义军的进攻，火焚王府，城内建筑化为残垣。现城墙及四门依然完好，城内建筑为抗日战争结束后，在原基础上仿古重建。

清朝时期，孔有德火焚王府后，王城遗址被辟为广西贡院，有号舍5500余间，因屡出状元而闻名全国。如今，王城内仍保留有乾隆皇帝题书的《幸翰林院赐大学士及翰林等宴便阅贡院诗四首》，王城的正阳门(端礼门)、东华门(体仁门)及西华门(遵义门)上还留有当时人们称赞学子们的巨书牌坊。其中，两广总督、清朝著名学者阮元所书的“三元及第”是表彰桂林学子陈继昌获三元及第殊荣的，“状元及第”是表彰桂林学子张建勋和刘福姚在三科会考殿试中勇夺两个状元席位的，“榜眼及第”则是表彰桂林人于建章获得榜眼(殿试第一甲第二名)。游人可到贡院陈列馆了解古代科举制度及桂林科举成就。乡试号舍可使游人亲身体会当年学子们科举之不易。

中山驻跸处及中山不死纪念塔1920__年，孙中山率北伐军驻桂林，以王城为北伐大本营。孙中山在这里的重要活动有：会见了共产国际代表马林，接受了马林关于“联合苏俄”和建立革命军校的建议;发表了他的著名哲学演讲《知易行难》;检阅了北伐军;确立了青天白日旗为中华民国国旗，并于1920__年元旦在王城举行了首次升旗仪式。孙中山去世后，桂林人民为纪念孙中山，将王城辟为中山公园。王城内现存孙中山驻跸处遗址碑和“中山不死纪念塔”，纪念塔呈三角形，筑五级台阶，喻孙中山先生三民主义之精神和五权宪法。塔的三面分别有题辞：“中山不死”为谢顺慈书;“总理遗嘱”为张猛书;“主义常新”为莫乃群书。塔附建有仰止亭，楹联由谭延闿书，亭西有石碑“中山常在”，为廖承志书。

现在我们要去的地方是浙江省十强企业之一的喜得宝集团公司，它的前身是杭州丝绸印染厂，他是一家有七十七年历史的国营丝绸工厂。喜得宝，顾名思义，就是我要带大家欢欢喜喜去获得自己钟情的宝贝。这家国营老厂历年来得到了各届国家领导和省市领导的高度重视，他们都亲临视察参观过工厂。就连国际服装大师皮尔卡丹也爱上了杭州的丝绸，并和喜得宝集团公司签定了一系列制作服装的合约，那么我们现在也去参观视察一下啦!尤其是工厂安排的服装美女秀，更可能明亮我们的眼球。我们杭州的美女穿着丝绸服装，迈着轻盈的台步，即展现了丝绸服装的飘逸亮丽，也展示了她们婀娜的身材。喜得宝时装队是中国最早成立的表演队，还培养出国际名模呢。陈娟红，听说没有?她是一位屡获国际大奖的名模，她现在在杭州还开设了一家专门培训模特的专业学校。所以等一下的参观过程一定会让你赏心悦目的。

俗话说上有天堂，下有苏杭，苏杭还是出美女的地方，为什么?其实是和我们江南的特有天气环境有关。一年365天，有三分之一的天气是阴阴水水雾雾，女孩子的皮肤因此滋润光洁，皮肤吸收了大量的水份，更加具有弹性。所以显得特别年轻;另外三分之一的时间在下雨;剩下的三分之一是强烈的阳光，冬天冷到零下五度，夏天会热到40度以上。说得好听，一年中春夏秋冬四季分明，说得不好听，就是夏天热死，冬天冷死。而且我们这边的冷还是湿冷，空气里含有大量的水份，水份虽然滋润了女孩子脸上的皮肤，但是却有80%以上的老年人因为这样的气候而得了一种病，大家猜是什么病?关节炎，对了。关节炎是怎么回事呢?就是在你睡觉的时候，全身放松，毛孔顿开，空气中的水份进入了皮肤而聚集在身体的关节部位，每逢阴雨天气就会让人感到关节部位，酸痛难受，行动不便。严重的还会引起各种迸发症。以前穷的时候，我们没有很好的办法来对付关节炎，今天就不同了，现在我们会选择轻盈秀气，篷松柔软的蚕丝被来作为床上用品。以前那种棉花被，新盖的时候是三斤，过半个月以后会变成四斤重，谁知道多出来的一斤是什么吗?水份!对了，我们江南地区潮湿天气多。以前只要一出太阳家家户户第一件要做的事情就是要晒被子，但是现在使用了蚕丝被以后就再也不用那么麻烦了。其实被子呢，你们在座的每一位朋友家里都有的，人盖后感觉闷热不透气，时间长了被芯还很容易发霉，长蛀虫、长螨虫。

我们杭州历来被称之为丝绸之府，茶叶之乡古代的丝绸之路就是从杭州开始的，京杭大运河的最南端之所以在杭州，就是方便把我们杭州的丝绸、茶叶、美女从水路运到北京供皇帝享受。早在二千五百年前，我们这里叫做越国，曾和吴国打了一仗，越王勾_卧薪尝胆的故事有没有听说过?当年的吴王看中了我们越国大片肥沃的土地，这些土地最初都是随着地壳运动从海底涌出来的，因此土壤中含大量的有机矿物质和有机微生物体，我们在这些土地上种的桑树，叶片肥美硕大，蚕宝宝吃了这些肥厚的桑叶，所结的茧最长可抽1500米的丝，成语沧海桑田也就是这样来的，因此被国际上公认为绿色的纤维皇帝。更奇特的我们这边的桑叶还培育出了个大、色白的双宫茧，大家有没有听过双宫茧呢?就好像鸡蛋打开会有双黄蛋一样。

双宫茧里面同时有两个蚕蛹，非常神奇。等一下去丝绸厂的时候各位都有机会亲眼目睹抽丝剥茧的详细过程。当年越王勾_被打败了，只能做了吴王的俘虏，并且还把越国的美女西施献给了吴王，大家知道吴王叫什么名字吗?西施很漂亮，但是嫁的老公很差劲，所以她的老公就叫夫差，各位一下子就记住了吴王的名字了，是吗?越王勾_从吴国释放回来以后，卧薪尝胆，十年里励精图治、发奋治理国家，终于打败了吴王夫差，所以成语君子报仇十年不晚就是这样来的。当年的越王勾_鼓励老百姓要多生小孩，一旦生了一个男孩，国家奖励一头猪;一旦生了女孩，国家奖励一头牛。古时候的一头牛，相当于家里的一个壮劳力，从奖励上看，反而重女轻男，其实越王勾_自有打算，因此女孩还会生小孩，那么国家就有充足的人口去当兵，兵强马壮了，自然会国富民强。得到国家奖励的老百姓都很高兴啊，生了男孩的人家会在门前种一棵榉树，希望自己的儿子长大了可以中举做官;生了女儿的人家，会在后门种一棵樟树，还用粮食酿酒以示庆贺。喝不掉的酒暂时埋到地底下，等到女儿出嫁的时候，取出来在婚庆的喜宴上喝，后来慢慢形成了一种习俗。绍兴酒女儿红就是这么来的。

嫁女儿的时候，媒婆是根据主人家屋后香樟树的粗细来判别女孩儿的年龄：如果是大拇指粗的香樟树，是一个刚出生的女婴;如果是像腰一样粗的香樟树，那已经是一个嫁不出去的老太婆了。香樟树要不粗不细，刚好和碗口一样大小，那才是一个亭亭玉立的黄花少女。等到相亲的时候，男女双方家长会交换八字，看是否相合。女方的家长还会去男家看一看家境如何，如果屋子后面有几亩桑田，就知道女儿嫁过去日子一定会过得很殷实，古语说天下之利莫过于桑，到今天都是这样。老百姓一个双宫茧可以卖6分钱，收入比种稻米更强，大家都抢着去种桑养蚕，所以现在都已经提高了大米的体重为鼓励老百姓种稻米，蚕茧的价格也马上要提高。女孩子出嫁的以前，做父亲的会把香樟树砍掉，加工成樟木箱作为嫁妆一起嫁到夫家去。夫有钱人家要在樟木箱里放八条蚕丝被，称之为八八大发，或者是六条，称之为六六大顺;少一点的也要放四条，称之为事事如意，再少也要放二条，称之为好事成双。以前的嫁妆都是用扁担挑的。当第一挑进了夫家门，最后一挑还留在娘家，这样出嫁的女儿，好有面子，嫁到老人家说话的声音也会特别响。八条蚕丝被，大家想会太多了吧?其实两条是新娘拿去孝敬公婆的，两条是新婚夫妻自己用的，两条是送给小姑子做见面礼的，另外两条是给未出生的宝宝准备的。一条盖，一条垫，自己就跟蚕宝宝一样躺在中间享受。直到现在，我们这边嫁女儿的习俗都仍然必须陪嫁蚕丝被，同时还要配上一光滑舒适的蚕丝被套，蚕丝被套柔软耐用，可用几十年，象征了父母对女儿一辈子的呵护。曾经有过样的故事：因为嫁家家境差，嫁过去的女儿没有那么多的蚕丝被而受到小姑子的白眼相待。以前有这样的习俗，嫁过去的新娘，要下厨去制作一种糕饼给夫家所有的亲戚吃，以此来显示自己的心灵手巧，因为陪嫁的蚕丝被不够多，小姑子就在嫂子没留意的时候，往面粉里面恶狠狠加了两把盐，结果却没想到，做出来的糕饼酥酥咸咸脆脆，口感特别好，夫家所有的亲戚一致称赞新娘是一个心灵手巧的媳妇。其实只有新娘自己知道，是小姑在害她，但她非常聪明，跟亲戚们解释说：是小姑心灵手巧，帮我在面粉里面加了佐料，所以我制作的糕饼才口感特佳。小姑听了非常惭愧，觉得应该善待嫂子，从此姑嫂两人成了好朋友。江南有名的小吃姑嫂饼也就是这么来的。

到了今天，我们这边已经成为中国最大的丝绸集散中心，当年邓小_南巡的时候，就在桑田集中的杭嘉湖平原题写了八个字日出万匹，衣被天下。杭嘉湖湖就是杭州、嘉兴、湖州三地交界处的一片平原，也就是我们这里每天都可以出产一万匹的丝绸。我们这里生产的蚕丝被、服装可以让天下所有的老百姓都免受寒冷之苦。

人的三分之一时间是在床上度过的，有好的享受才会有好的睡眠，在提高了生活品质的今天，神奇的蚕丝被给我们带来了意想不到的好睡眠。蚕丝里面含有十八种氨基酸，其中有一种非常神奇的成分，目前连科学家都没有找到它的原因。因此它会定一个人的大脑神经，使你很快进入睡眠状态，让你拥有一个美好的睡眠环境，因此暂时把它命名为睡眠因子。这种睡眠因子连蚕屎里面都有，我们把它制成枕头，叫蚕砂枕，用来枕在人们头后面的大动脉上，起到安神降压的作用，确实非常的奇特吧!我的父母非常节约，就连当天晚上吃剩的菜汤都舍不得倒掉，把钱存着说是要留给我们做儿女的，其实钱财留给子女，花完了什么都没有。所以留给子女的，应该是教会他们生活的能力而不是金钱。因此在去年冬天的时候，我就买了一线蚕丝被给父母亲，希望他们能有一个更好的睡眠环境，父母们有一个健康的身体才是儿女们最大的幸福。广告词上说天下所有的父母都知道儿女的生日，又有几个儿女知道父母的生日呢?我去年的礼物让我的父母温暖了整整一个冬天，真是盖在身上暖在心头。

大家跟我浏览了杭州的湖光山色，了解了杭州的历史文化，现在再跟我选购一下自己喜欢的丝绸产品。丝绸产品以前都是皇帝或有钱人才用的，今天我们的生活条件比以前大为提高，就应该学会善待自己，也应该好好享受一下以前皇帝的待遇，去买一张冬暖夏凉、通风透气的蚕丝被。一张三斤重的蚕丝398元，四斤重的蚕丝被498元，五斤重的598元，因为我们去的地方是国营工厂，产品质量绝对保证，没有折扣可讲，国家工厂不会把价钱定的高高的，让我们去做无谓的讨价还价。工厂的东西好、价钱便宜，他们还会帮我们打包或代办邮寄托运，各种规格应有尽有，只是选购的人非常的多，等一下大家要跟紧工作人员不要走散。好了，工厂到了，大家跟着我下车~

Shenyang Zhaoling Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty:

Hi, good morning everyone, welcome to Shenyang Zhaol-ing Mausoleum of theQing Dynasty. I’m your tour guide, Vickey. I wish you guys can have a wonderfultime with us and make a lot of friends during this trip.

Zhaoling mausoleum is located in the northern suburb of Shenyang, alsoknown as North mausoleum. It is the mauso-leum of the second emperor of the Qingdynasty, HuangTaiJi and his empress. It is the largest and most magnificent oneof three Imperial Mausoleums in Qing dynasty, and is also one of the mostcompleted existing ancient imperial Mauso-leum building groups in stock. In20__, the UNESCO (Unit-ed Nations Educational, Scientific and CulturalOrganiza-tion) officially listed Shen Yang Zhaoling mausoleum as the WorldHeritage.

HuangTaiJi is the eighth son of the first emperor Nurhachi of Qing dynasty.He, who was born in Liaoning, was famous in politics and strategy. He unifiedthe Northeast China. Zhaoling mausoleum was build from 1643 to 1651. Theex-isting building was the result of reconstructions and en-largements. In termsof architectural style, Mausoleum Zhaoling not only absorbed the advantages ofthe Ming Dy-nasty (which is the times before Qing Dynasty), but alsoas-similated to Manchu people. So it’s a typical Mausoleum blend of Han andManchu culture.

Here we come to the long-en Palace. Long-en Palace is the main palace ofthis mausoleum. It is also known as the "Xiang Palace". It enshrines the shrinesof HuangTaiJi and his empress and the emperor held grand ceremonies here. It wasbuilt in 1643, and was rebuilt in 1691. It was named “long-en" in 1650 and theplaque was hung at the same time. Alright, you guys can go use the restroom. Weare gathering here after 15 minutes.

Hello, friends from afar! Did you enjoy the scenery along the way just now?Whats your impression of Zhangzhou? Ha ha, lets introduce myself first. ImXiao Xiao, the designated commentator here. Today, Ill take you to uncover themystery of coastal volcano.

There are many coastal cities and islands in our motherland. Why is the seaso attractive to tourists? Moreover, after visiting, every tourist still praisesit and remembers it vividly. Many tourists told me this, saying: Xiao, I came toyou before I knew what lush mountains and pure sea are

Once upon a time, our stretch of beach and magical island, although it isnaturally beautiful, has always been "raised in the boudoir, people do notknow". It was not until March 20__ that Zhangzhou coastal volcano became one ofthe first batch of National Geoparks in China. It was known for its charm andtenderness that this magical land attracted a lot of attention and curiosity.Zhangzhou coastal volcano natural ecological scenic spot is set off in the bluesky, blue sea, sand beach and green forest. It integrates sightseeing, leisure,marine entertainment and popular science education. It is a comprehensivetourist resort that returns to nature and experiences life. At the same time,the scenic spot is also the largest, best preserved and most characteristiccoastal Volcano National Geopark in China.

Zhangzhou coastal volcano includes Xiangshan, Linjinyu, Nanding island andthree bathing beaches, namely "one mountain, two islands and three bays". Now weare going to Linjinyu, one of the ten most beautiful islands in China. Linjinyuis a quasi ellipsoidal Island composed of volcanic rocks [basalt]. There is anancient crater formed more than 20 million years ago in the southeast of theisland. There are as many as 16 volcanic vents and several thousand squaremeters of rivet shaped stomatal columns on the Northeast beach, forming a rareancient volcanic island landscape in China. The origin of the name of Lin JinyuIsland stems from such a story: it is said that there was a Changtai man namedLin Zhen in the late Ming Dynasty. His parents died when he was young, and helived with his elder brother and sister-in-law. One year, the plague spread, andKobayashi was unfortunately infected. But his brother and sister-in-law had toput him on this isolated island. Xiaolin Zhen lived on the islands conches,animals and wild fruits. Before long, his plague was miraculously cured, andlater he was admitted to the number one scholar. Because Lin Zhen and Lin Jinpronounced Lin Jin in the pronunciation of Minnan dialect, later generationscalled this island Lin Jinyu in memory of this number one scholar. In takouanand Changtai County of Zhangzhou, there are also Zhuangyuan square, the remainsof Zhuangyuan well and the imperial edict from the emperor.

Now we have landed on Linjinyu, please be careful and pay attention tosafety. The volcanic landscape here is divided into three parts: basaltic rockgroup, lava lake phenomenon and giant columnar joints. The lush peaks on theisland, perhaps you cant imagine the volcanic eruption that took place tens ofmillions of years ago. Look at these basalts, carved by the waves, forming avariety of forms. Interested friends can take photos here. Now on the beachwhere we are, we can see 16 craters closely connected. The crater is concave inthe middle to form a ring. They are different in size. Do you think this ringlooks like a VCD floppy disk? You have to admire the uncanny workmanship ofnature. According to geological experts, this circular structure is formed bythe steam explosion caused by the heating of the aquifer under the lava, justlike when we usually boil water, we always leave a small hole on the cover. Someexperts also call this state "lava lake". Well, the peculiar landscape in frontof us is the columnar joints of basalt. It is mainly hexagonal and polygonal,hanging on the cliff of 20 to 50 meters. From a distance, does it look like agirls vertical hair? On the island of Linjinyu, there are many stones formed byvolcanic eruption. The arrangement of the stones here is not regular, butstrange and different in shape. So, it has the reputation of "mythical world"and "abstract Gallery". Please expand your imagination. Look, is this stone likea horse? Ah, its like a dolphin. You can all find your favorite animals here.You can find them.

The rocks here are strange, the sea water here is blue, and the seafoodhere is also very delicious. Because this sea water is polluted by pure matter.Once upon a time, I heard such a joke: Several tourists eat seafood here, andthen begin to compete who eats the freshest fish. A said: the fish I eat is thefreshest! Because my home is close to the vegetable market, the pot is hot, so Ican buy fish in time. The fish are alive when they are in the pot. Of course,they are fresh. B: the fish I eat is the freshest! I invite some friends to gofishing on the beach. At the same time, I go to make a fire on the beach. Assoon as I catch the fish, I immediately cook it. Of course, its fresh. C said:the fish I eat is the freshest! Its a thousand years ago. I had the honor toeat it once. I went out to sea by boat and cooked in the bow. When the waterboils, I lift the lid. At this time, a fish jumped out of the water, impartial,just fell into the boiling pot. It was only a few seconds after the fish leftthe sea, and then it went into the pot to cook. Of course, it was the freshest.Ding said: the fish you mentioned are not the freshest. Submarine volcaniceruption, the fish has not yet come out of the water, it was cooked, soZhangzhou coastal volcanic fish the freshest!

These are all jokes. You can enjoy the sea and the sea breeze here. Whenyou are tired and hungry, you can sit down in our cabin and taste our authentickungfu tea and seafood. I hope Zhangzhou coastal Volcano National Geopark canadd some pure happiness to your life.

亲爱的游客朋友，欢迎您来到河北省张家口市，您现在所在的大境门是国家级的重点文物保护区，位于张家口市区北端，建于清顺治元年，也就是公元1644年，大境门是中国万里长城中四大关口之一，在历史上有着重要的地位。

大境门是中国万里长城众多关隘中一个十分特殊的关口。它在国内外学术界已经被列入与“山海关、居庸关、嘉峪关”同样重要的关口。我国万里长城的关口都以“关”“口”称谓，而只有张家口的这个关口被称做“境门”，这其中包含着“商文化”和“武文化”的魅力，也流淌着民族融合的历史渊源。

从明朝隆庆5年起，张家口大境门外元宝山一带，逐渐形成了在历史上被称为“贡市”和“茶马互市”的边贸市场。来自蒙古草原和欧洲腹地的牲畜、皮毛、药材、毛织品、银器等在这里换成了丝绸、茶叶、瓷器和白糖，大境门外成为了我国北方国际易货贸易的内陆口岸。封建王朝以长城和门为界，做生意的外族人只能在城外交易。“境门”意思是指边境之门。1927年察哈尔督统高维岳在大境门门楣上书写的“大好河山”四大颜体大字，苍劲有力，颇为壮观，更为大境门增添风韵。

战争与和平，生命与死亡，繁荣与凄凉，在这里周而复始，更迭演绎。大境门历尽沧桑，是张家口历史的见证，许多重要的历史事件都与大境门密切相关。大境门既目睹了旧中国的贫弱，也目睹了新中国的兴旺和塞外张家口的历史巨变。张家口人以大境门为荣，大境门也自然成为张家口的象征。

Hello, everyone! Im your guide. You can call me Xiao Zheng. Today, Imtaking you to Linjinyu, Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark.

Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark includes Linjinyu ancient volcanicisland, Niutoushan ancient volcanic pass, Nanding Island, Yulinshan, etc. Today,I will take you to appreciate the special geological features of Linjinyu, anancient volcanic island.

How did the name "Lin Jin Yu" come from? There is a legend here: long ago,there was a man named Lin Zhen in Changtai County who suffered from leprosy andwas abandoned on this island by his people. He eats the animals and plants onthe island, drinks the water on the island, and concentrates on reading. Later,he recovered from his illness. Soon, he won the number one prize and worked inliupin. He worked in the capital for eight years. He was indifferent to fame andwealth. He was unwilling to flatter and said he was ill. This nameless island iscalled "linzhenyu" by later generations. In order to avoid it, it is also called"Linjinyu".

Now we have landed on Linjinyu, please be careful. Alkaline olivinebasaltic rocks can be seen locally on the island. In the long process ofgeological evolution, a rare volcanic landscape in the world has been formed:first, basaltic rock group with complete mechanism; second, lava lakephenomenon; third, giant columnar joints.

In the middle of the island are lush peaks, 72.7 meters above sea level.The spring on the island is clear, and there are goats running in the forest.The island is surrounded by basaltic rocks formed after volcanic eruption. Onthe islands Beihai beach, you can see that 16 craters are closely connected toform a circular ring, like VCT floppy disks. You feel that you can read itsgreat changes in the past thousands of years. The craters here are small andnumerous, there are giant columnar joints of basalt, and there are neat "giantcolumnar stone forest". How can it be controlled? You can think about it.

The island is full of rocks formed after volcanic eruption. The rocks hereare not as orderly arranged as the "stone pillars" in Niutoushan, but they areof various shapes.

Linjinyu in Zhangzhou coastal volcanic Geopark is an old and energeticisland. It is not only a scientific research base and creative base, but also agood place for sightseeing, leisure and vacation.

Here you are. Next you can visit freely. Please pay attention tosafety.

Chengde summer resort, also known as Rehe palace, is the place where theQing emperors took summer vacation to deal with government affairs. It has beenbuilt by Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong emperors for 300 years. Last summervacation, I had the honor to visit this famous royal garden with my parents.

After entering the main entrance of Li, I saw a pair of lions, one male andone female. When the Japanese soldiers attacked China, they fell in love withthe lions, but they couldnt pull them away. They were ready to blow them up thenext day. The old guard smeared chicken blood on the lions eyes that night. Thenext day, the Japanese soldiers thought it was the lions blood and tears, sothey ran away.

I saw the four big characters of "summer resort" mentioned by EmperorQianlong. Among them, the word "avoid" is one more horizontal. The guide told usthat there are many opinions about "avoid". Some people said that EmperorQianlong got the four characters after he was drunk. It is also said thatEmperor Qianlongs purpose was to avoid a disease called smallpox. In order toprevent the common people from gossiping, he added a horizontal line in the word"avoid".

When I came to Empress Dowager Cixis room, the smell inside was very bad.The guide is pointing to the items of Empress Dowager Cixi to introduce herthree hobbies one by one: "singing opera, gambling and playing with dogs."Playing with dogs! I suddenly came to the spirit. I have the same hobby asEmpress Dowager Cixi - playing with dogs. How interesting!

There is a museum next to Empress Dowager Cixis room. Most of the items inthe museum are empress dowagers articles and clothes of the emperor and queen.I also saw the guardians of all kinds of zodiac in it. These are pricelesstreasures!

There are more than these treasures in the summer resort. We need to findmore and discover its unique beauty. At eight oclock in the evening, there is aperformance about Emperor Kangxis life. 1300 people took part in theperformance. Five of them played Emperor Kangxi in his childhood, youth, middleage and old age.

In the middle of the performance, a big Buddha appeared, because it wasdark before the big Buddha appeared. I dont know where the big Buddha camefrom. The sharp eyed audience said, "its from underground." People suddenlyunderstand that the original site is rotating. In the end, the grand performanceof 1300 people came to a successful conclusion.

The scenic spots and historic sites of Chengde Mountain Resort have beendeeply imprinted in my heart. This visit to Chengde Mountain Resort has addedendless fun to my summer vacation life and made my summer vacation moremeaningful!

女生们，先生们，欢迎来到非常开心旅行社，我是你们的导游于圣平，大家可以叫我于导。现在我们在去颐和园的路上。颐和园是中国清朝时期的皇家园林，是慈禧太后消夏避暑的地方，曾经遭到八国联军的破坏，后来重新修缮，它被列入世界遗产名录，举世无双。

现在我们已经到了有名的长廊，长廊全场七百多米，分为273间，每间上面都有五彩的画，你们猜猜这一共有多少幅画?告诉你们吧，有几千幅画，画的有花、草、人物，栩栩如生，不过这些画没哪两幅是相同的。

在长廊的两边你会发现很多花草，品种很多，往往这一种花还没谢那一种花又开了，这么美丽的景象不愧是个美丽的大花园。

走过长廊就来到了万寿山脚下。黄色的琉璃瓦的佛香阁耸立在崇山峻岭之上，我们可以沿着石梯登上万寿山，大家站在上面可以看到颐和园的大半景象。

万寿山脚下面对的就是昆明湖。昆明湖静得像一面镜子，大家可以坐着游船和画舫在水面滑过，水面上就会漾出一条条波纹。

再往前走，出现在咱们面前的就是各式各样的石林，有一座桥叫十七孔桥，桥上有着几百根石柱，上面雕刻着许多小狮子，它们千姿百态，各个都那么上镜头。注意哦，大家不可以在上面乱画，这样会损坏历史文物。

好了，我的介绍就到此为止，下面大家可以自由活动，一小时后在十七孔桥上集合。

Hello, everyone. Welcome to Mt. Emei, a famous Buddhist mountain in China,which is higher than the five mountains and the most beautiful in the world.Emei Mountain is located in the southwest of Sichuan Basin, which is endowedwith unique geographical position. Because of its "majestic, beautiful, divine,strange and secluded", it has won the praise of "plant kingdom", "animalparadise", "Geological Museum", "Xianshan Buddhist kingdom" and "Emei show inthe world".

Mt. Emei is one of the four sacred places of Buddhism in China. It is saidthat Buddhism was introduced to Mount Emei in the first century AD. Thedevelopment of Buddhism in the past 20__ years has left a rich Buddhist culturalheritage to Mt. Emei and created many eminent monks and virtues, which hasgradually made Mt. Emei a Buddhist holy land with deep influence in China andeven in the world. Now we are in Jinding, the second peak of Mount Emei, with analtitude of 3077 meters. Here, the tour guide will introduce you to the fourwonders of Jinding:

First: sunrise

At five or six oclock in the morning, standing on the sacrificial rock,looking to the East, I saw a vein inlaid with Phnom Penh, gray clouds floatingslowly, Phnom Penh reflecting the thick clouds around. Slowly, the gray cloudsplit a crack, and the crack showed orange light. The crack became larger andlarger, and the color gradually changed to orange with the surrounding clouds. Alittle while later, the red sun showed a little arc of Phnom Penh, and the arcbecame larger and larger, and the clouds also opened a way for it. When theorange red sunrise rose slowly, exposing most of its head, the speed suddenlyincreased, like a ball full of Qi In a flash, he jumped out of the horizon,shining all over the world, firmly embedded in the horizon. Peoples faces werecoated with a layer of wine red, Jinding also put on a golden color clothes. Atthis time, you will forget the chilly morning fog at the top of the mountain,and keep jumping and cheering for a long time.

Second: sea of clouds

Emei Jinding view of the sea of clouds, is a kind of appreciation, is akind of enjoyment. On a sunny day, standing in front of the sacrificial rock,the vast white clouds are surging under the rock. The peaks are like isolatedislands, only the green peaks are visible. The sea of clouds changes rapidly.Sometimes it is called "cloud blanket"; sometimes it is called "cloud wave";sometimes it is called "cloud peak"; sometimes it is called "cloud cluster";sometimes it is called "cloud cave". With the wind, the clouds are ethereal andunpredictable, such as riding dragons and phoenixes, chariots and teams, birdsand beasts. Jinding cloud sea was called "Dola mianyun" or "Dola Mian world" inancient times. Doula is Sanskrit, a tree name. "Douluomian" means the flowers ofthis tree.

Third: Buddhas light

Buddha light, known as "light phase" in ancient times, is a diffractionphenomenon caused by sunlight irradiating clouds at a certain angle. Also knownas "Jinding Xiangguang", it is one of the "ten scenic spots of Mount Emei". Whenthe rain and snow stop and the afternoon is clear, the sun is shining and thelight reflects on the sea of clouds. Standing on the light platform, visitorscan see that their own figure is covered by a seven color halo on the cloudsurface, and the shadow moves with them. That is to say, they stand side byside, and they can only see their own shadow without double shadows, so they arealso called "body light". Buddhist light has different names according to itssize, color and shape. White without red halo is called "Shuiguang", big asdustpan is called "bizhiguang", small as cymbal is called "tongziguang", lightis slightly released, straight east slanting is called "immortal head" or"cactus light", halo like rainbow is called "Jinqiao", Buddha light oftenappears according to cloud, if no cloud appears, it is called "Qingxian", themost rare. There is also a kind of "reflection", that is, in the morning, thehalo appears in the west of Jinding, which is extremely rare.

Fourth: the holy lamp

On a sunny night in Jinding, Mt. Emei, in the forest of the gorge under thesacrificial rock, you suddenly see a little bit or two, like a bean of stars,gradually tens of thousands of points, fluttering and surging, high and low, asif the stars of the Milky Way fell into the valley, "sometimes scattered anddancing, stars; sometimes gathered, nets and nets, dazzling and thrilling." Thiskind of phenomenon, since ancient times, is called "ten thousand bright lightsto the sages."

The phenomenon of "holy lamp" is very peculiar. Some people say itsphosphorous, some say its firefly, some say its halobacteria attached to thetree branches. When the humidity content in the air is more than 100%, it makeslight.

It has a long history to watch the holy lamp. The ancients left many poemsabout it. When Xue Neng, a poet of Tang Dynasty, went to Mount Emei, he wrotethe song "the holy lamp of Emei"

"There is a light in the sky, and it becomes clear when you sit and watch.Its important to know that the fire is endless and the smoke is endless. Onenight, I said to the monk

Dear tourists, after learning about the four wonders of Jinding, pleasefollow me to visit Huazang temple.

Ladies and gentlemen:

To hangzhou before, you must have heard of "above there is heaven, there are suzhou and hangzhou" this famous saying! In fact, to compare hangzhou to heaven on earth, largely because the west lake. For one thousand years, the west lake scenery with charm, the charm of those she does, is love at first sight. Even the great tang dynasty poet bai Ju yi still remember when you leave the hangzhou west lake, "failed to have to go to hangzhou, stay half is the lake." Poet said he was reluctant to leave hangzhou, the main reason is because hangzhou has a beautiful west lake. "The west lake 36, medium is hangzhou" best!

Friends: here are from YueMiao harbor by boat to visit the west lake with me. Before the ship did not start, I introduce the situation of the west lake: first is located in the west of hangzhou, west lake, surrounded on three sides by mountains and faces the east near downtown, north and south 3.2 kilometers long, about 2.8 km wide from east to west, almost a week 15 kilometers around the lake. Area of about 5.68 square kilometers, including the lake island 6.3 square kilometers, 1.55 meters, the average water depth in 2.8 meters or so, most the most shallow place less than one meter, the storage capacity between 8.5 million to 8.7 million cubic meters. Su causeway and bai causeway will be divided into the lake, lake in the north, outside the kiosk YueHu and small lake nanhu five parts. On history of the west lake has wonderful scenery everywhere, in addition to the "qiantang ten scene", "west lake 18 scene", one of the most famous is the southern song dynasty named "west lake ten scene", mother: su causeway chunxiao, qu yuan prescribed by ritual law, pinghu harvest moon, broken bridge cx, flower view fish, nanping bells, twin peaks piercing the clouds, the world sea smell Niao afterglow, just, OARS. At every word to as connotation, which is: spring, summer, autumn and winter flowers, clouds late evening willow. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, the author points out whether MingHui terminator, the west lake scenery is constantly, everywhere in the feature. In 1985 was named the "new xihu ten scene". At 60 square kilometers to the west lake as the center of the garden scenic spot, there are more than 40 awarded the main scenic spots, there are more than 30 key cultural relics. In summary the west lake scenery mainly one lake, two peaks, triple falls, four temple, five, six, seven holes tomb, eight, nine streams, ten views for victory. The state council on November 8, 1982 to the west lake as one of the first batch of national key scenic spot. In 1985, in "China top ten scenic spots" in the west lake was named the third.

The west lake is so beautiful, of course, pregnant with many wonderful and moving legends. Legend in a long time ago, the sky has jade dragon and her on the silver river island found a piece of white jade, they are thinking about for years, white jade became a radiant pearl, pearl according to where the orb, where trees are evergreen, flowers are blooming. Message to the heavenly palace, the day after tomorrow will send heavenly queen mountain god will come to snatch a pearl. Yulong jinfeng and hurried to SuoZhu, was she refused, so he fight and she is down, with a loose, the pearl will fall to the earth, into a crystal clear lake, and subsequent landing, yulong jinfeng and turned into a jade dragon mountain (namely YuHuangShan) and phoenix mountain, forever guardian in shore of the west lake.

Just some friends ask why water is so clear and pure of the west lake? The cause of this is from the west lake about: west lake in 120xx years ago or shallow bay of communion with the qiantang river, long in wushan and stone mountain, north and south, the west lake, is a two way around the bay. Later, due to the impact of the tide sediment silting, separating the bay and the qiantang river, the western han dynasty (206 BC - AD 24 years) of the west lake lake have been fixed, the west lake really is fixed in the sui dynasty (581-618), by shallow bay on the geology evolution of lakes called lagoon. Since the west lake bear mountain spring of living water wash, and then experienced all previous dynasties by bai juyi, su dongpo, Yang Mengying, RuanYuan governance, such as five times launched large-scale artificial dredging, finally from a natural lake become beautiful semi-enclosed shallow lakes scenery.

There are many names in the history of the west lake. The han dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) when called wulin, Taurus, Ming sacred lake lake water; The tang dynasty (618-907) called Shi Han lake, qiantang lake. In addition to Gao Shihu, sage lake, lake, longchuan, money, etc. In the northern song dynasty (960-1127), su dongpo when making hangzhou local officials, wrote a poem of praise to the west lake: "above the billow sunny side, mountains, emptiness rain also, for the west lake than west, c plus always right." Poet fancy compare west lake to Chinese ancient beauty xi shi, as a result, the west lake has a "scenery" bills.

As the famous west lake landscape, many Chinese and foreign celebrities have a special liking to this. Life of the communist party of China MAO zedong 40 times to hangzhou, the longest lived for seven months, he put the hangzhou as a "second home". MAO tse-tung often praised the beautiful west lake, but he was never formally published about the poetry of the west lake. A great man like the west lake in China, international friends of the west lake is linger. The former US President Richard Nixon to hangzhou twice, he praised: "Beijing is the capital of China, and hangzhou is the heart of the country, I will come again." Nixon also the hometown of the California redwood to hangzhou.

Our ship has slowly started. I look over the whole trip on the lake trip simply introduce: around the scenic spots have mountain and two dike of the week. Mountain butte, referring to the isolated hill scenic area scenic spot and historic resort up to more than 30, the lake can appreciate to go on to a bridge, qiu jin tomb, xileng printing society, building outside the building, zhongshan park, etc. After isolated hill is bai causeway, from pinghu harvest moon, finally broken bridge cx, bridge and the famous stone, and landscape flow chardonnay. Watching the lake scenery, we go to the lake three island, a cruise ship shore finally in the su causeway.

The ship is now moving from west to east, everybody is in xiaogushan area scenery. Solitary shanxi go on bridge, east bai causeway, 35 meters, covers an area of 20xx00 square meters. Isolated hill scenery between tang and song dynasty has been known, south the Confucian cases in the construction of large-scale palace of the western Pacific b, the most isolated hill is divided into the imperial. The qing dynasty emperor kangxi was built in the palace, the yongzheng emperor palace instead holy temple, and the time of the lingyin temple, net Keats temple, according to their temple said "four big jungle" west lake. Some friends may ask: isolated hill is the biggest island in the west lake, why the name "isolated hill"? This is because the mountain scenery especially beautiful in history, has been called the emperor alone possession, so for the butte. Tell from the geology, butte is composed of the rhyolitic volcano, the bird is and land together, so "xiaogushan not solitary, middle-east, longbridge not long" quiet is known as the west lake.

You see in front of the seat ring hole in the stone bridge, is located in the west xiaogushan, named go on bridge. It is known as the west lake and middle-east, longbridge ancient three big bridge.

Go on to the bridge, after isolated hill foot of green leaves with white marble statues, see the heroine akimbo, left hand right hand by the sword, eyes, head to look at the front, like exploring the revolutionary truth. Who is she? She is the pioneer of Chinese womens liberation movement, to overthrow the qing dynasty, the struggle for national independence and heroic sacrifice of "no woman" qiu jin. Tomb this statue is 2.7 meters high, 2 meters high, positive monument there the sun on the calligraphy "heroine" four big word. Qiu jin martyr statue, gives us an inspiration: is famous for its west lake, is not only of the landscape, it is more because of many historical figures and multiplication. Within the west lake scenic area, is known as "three jie" on the lake of yue fei, Yu Qian, Zhang Cang water, and together with qiu jin for the revitalization of the Chinese modern hair to the revolutionaries Xu Xilin, TaoChengZhang, buried the west lake.

We ship to continue driving slowly to the east, you see in front of a white wall, courtyard is famous xileng printing society. Mid-stream and the right, this match well of Chinese and western architecture, is a one hundred - year - old building outside the building. Building outside the building, founded in 1848, the name is taken from the southern song dynasty poet Lin Sheng "mountain castle peak building outside the building" a sentence. Building outside the building, geographical and human conditions and that has received many Chinese and foreign celebrities. Building outside the building on the number of take charge of famous west lake vinegar fish, it is the choice of the west lake culture within the prescribed scope of grass carp, first hungry a second day, the fish in clean water to remove dirt, and then cooking. Into cooking after west lake vinegar fish, colour and lustre is red, the meat is tender, sweet and delicious, with a crab flavor, is the most representative flavor dishes in hangzhou.

Now the ship is heading to zhongshan park, the main gate of xiaogushan right here. "The mountain is not high, with fairy is name", isolated hill is a famous mountain scenery, is a famous mountain culture. Isolated hills status in the west lake scenic area is so important, because it is rich in historical and cultural connotation, there are the famous "west lake scenery all over the world," still memory of the northern song dynasty poet reclusion and Lin jing put crane pavilion. These sites were we went to visit.

Near the zhongshan park, we saw a group of architecture is a newly built completion "museum" of zhejiang province. Then surface display up to 7000 years ago the hemudu culture, down to the modern exhibits more than 1700 pieces of cultural relics. Museum is at the back of the ancient buildings in the qing dynasty royal library Wen Lange, it is our country for collection "ku" of one of the seven book cabinet.

See that highlight the cement of the lake in front of the platform faced pavilion has show before our eyes, this building was built in the qing dynasty emperor kangxi years, named pinghu harvest moon. It is the starting point of bai causeway, is also one of the three largest moon resort in hangzhou. In the history of hangzhou people Mid-Autumn moon have three options: just one of the first three islands in the lake, the mountains should be lunar phoenix mountain scenic spot, as to the shore, is the number that the beautiful and quiet night, water days of the pinghu harvest moon!

Now you see the front the between willow of peach "between" causeway to travel is bai causeway. When our ship sailed to here, the west lake is the most beautiful scenery appeared in front of everyone. Look! On each side has a line of willows, prunus persica, especially in music, willow green, peach purples, a TaoGongLiuLu scenery, visitors to this, as if in the fairyland. Bai causeway formerly known as "white sand dam", as early as one thousand years ago in the tang dynasty, is famous for its beautiful landscapes. Although it with white in the host bai causeway is not in a position of the building, but as a reminder of the hangzhou people made outstanding contributions in hangzhou in "the old mayor", still put it named bai causeway. Built it with su dongpo presided over the two jin su causeway is like lake zone, colorful, hand in photograph reflect. Everyone to see, bai causeway in the middle of the bridge is called jin belt, is a wooden bridge before, "green bridge" in the name, now renamed the stone bridge. At the end of bai causeway, the broken bridge, 1 km of the bai causeway is the "break".

Broken bridge name originally taken in tang dynasty, song dynasty said treasure Hu bridge, also called period of yuan dynasty home know, used to be a moss was the ancient stone bridge. Although we now see the bridge arch is a very common, but its name and "white snake" story relates in together, thus became one of the most famous bridge in the west lake.

At this point, I saw some friends already in careful observation, maybe you will ask right away: the bridge is not broken, why the name "broken bridge"? Let me to answer this question. Broken bridge is one of the famous west lake ten views, because of the broken bridge position in the back of mountain city, is in the north outside the lake and lake water points, in the field of vision is open, is the best place to watch the west lake snow scenery in winter. When snow attendance, the positive aspect has deglaciation snow bridge, and the shadow of the bridge still snowy, from a distance, the bridge seems broken broken, hence the name "broken bridge can xue". Also, the broken bridge and the end of bai causeway, bai causeway that runs from the foundation to the interruption. At this point, you may have understood, the original is "dam broken bridge".

Everybody look at broken bridge behind the mountain called stone mountain, elevation 78 meters. The rocks of the mountain and hills west lake, mainly composed of igneous rock in the flow lines and tuff, one is called "gem" jasper, embedded in the purple grey stone, in the sunlight, attention, this is the origin of stone mountain is named. The mountains that tall and straight, stand high tower, full names baochu pagoda. The early baochu pagoda will unveil for nine stupas, now was rebuilt in 1933. It is made into solid structures, minus eight arrises type, 45.3 meters high, and well-balanced, soft beautiful lines, in the lake in the tower, baochu pagoda will unveil the modelling of the most handsome, the most gentle and graceful shape. History and baochu pagoda will unveil the and a corresponding coasts, in the west lake landscape layout, and located in a central axis, north island and south island, on the other side of the lake, a sincere and elegant, a slender and pretty. Before both coasts not collapsed, the west lake was presented on the north-south confrontation, one lake "hit the twin towers of the places, so people have" world such as na, protect Chu such as beauty ", says the when the coasts and baochu pagoda will unveil the different charm.

Each friend: along the coast of the west lake landscape is introduced here, and then we go to watch the three islands in the lake.

First of all, lets take a look at the big island in the west lake "just", also called small ying state. This is a "lake island, island in lake" garden on the lake. The whole area of 70000 square meters, of which the water accounted for 60%. Island is "tian" glyph, something even the willow embankment, the civil building winding and winding side and plant with large red, white and all kinds of water lilies. In addition, in the history of three pools of money month also famous for planting the west lake water shield.

Below please island tour with me, just the island, in the early build-up in thirty-five years Ming wanli (1607), is made of dredging lake mud accumulation. Its essence lies in three stone tower, south of the island. See: three elections tower on the lake, 2 meters high tower, the towers are spherical, lined with five small round hole, the top of the tower a gourd shape, beautiful modelling. Every night, especially in the Mid-Autumn festival, bright, people light candles in the tower, along the mouth with tissue paper, candles, outside the "shadow, cloud and shadow" dissolved into a piece, "candlelight, moonlight, lake" hand in photograph reflect, in the refraction of light, tower lights through 15 round hole projection on the surface of the water, with a total of 30 moon, plus 1 early a water in the sky, the lake can be reflected in 32 small moon, present "the day round last month, the lake shadow into three" the beautiful scenery, is "one lake jinshui to dissolve in the autumn," unspeakable poetic.

Then we look at the lake the cornice of the newborn pavilion, named lake. It is the largest of the west lake a pavilion. Is also part of one of the earliest construction in west lake three island island, built during Ming jiajing thirty-one years (1552 years), from reading has a history of 440 years. "Central plain jams" is one of the ten views qiantang. Stand in lake place overlooking the lake, cloud-covered mountains, panoramic view, the west lake scenery, take in everything in a glance.

Lake in the northwest of the island, called RuanGong pier. The west lake three island, the smallest one, has an area of only 5561 square meters. It is in the qing dynasty jiaqing years (in 1800), the governor of zhejiang RuanYuan with dredging silt after the west lake together. Nguyen pier fishing has become a good place for hangzhou citizens holiday leisure, nguyen pier rides are for the tourists around the grand launch of a feature of the west lake in the summer.

Visited the three islands in the lake, our ship has been to the dock in direction - su causeway. You see: this article from the south and in front of the weak across the lake, 2.8 km long beach of the lake is the su causeway. Pangde, a total of six stone arch Bridges are reflected wave, lock rings, wangshan, dike, dongpu, across a rainbow, bank planting peach willow, lotus, form "the west lake scenery, six bridge a willow a peach" view. Said to the su causeway, people will naturally think of the northern song dynasty poet su dongpo, su dongpo had twice as a magistrate in hangzhou, the west lake, he organized 20xx00 migrant workers dredging then use mud fenchyl grass lake, built the from nanping mountain foot of qixia ling long beach, later generations to commemorate his great deeds, named "su causeway". Now the southern tip of dike built "su dongpo memorial" for people to visit, honoring the achievements of su dongpo.

Friends: people often put the hangzhou west lake and lake Geneva, Switzerland lemmon compared to the east and the west reflect two stars in the world of bead, it is because of the west lake, just for the Italian Marco Polo to hangzhou classics as "the worlds most beautiful city of showily. The west lake as a famous scenic spot, received of the heads of state of the world. As a result, not only is the pearl of hangzhou west lake, is the Oriental pearl, the pearl of the world.

"Yi jiangnan, most have is hangzhou. Find out the laurel blossoms filled the air. Yamadera months, county kiosk pillow watching tide. When more revisit?" This is bai juyi for the praise of the west lake to leave aftertaste endless song. My dear friends, when we the end of the west lake when do you feel the same? I hope see you soon, we meet again, full sleep (An reward the laurel blossoms filled the air. And the qiantang river on the tide, mountains and rivers, to the west lake always retain fond memories of you.