丽江有没有特产最新19篇

Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to our beautiful Colorful Yunnan. Itsa great honor to meet you. Im Xiao Pu, our tour guide. Next to me is my littlefriend Xiao Li. We are very honored to be your tour guide. The place we aregoing to today is the ancient city of Lijiang, which is known as "Gusu on theplateau" and "Venice in the East". Perhaps you may think, how could Xiao Puboast so much about Lijiang? In fact, I dont exaggerate at all. The ancientcity of Lijiang is just because the Yuquan water runs through the whole city,which is divided into the West River, the middle river and the East River. Inthe ancient city, it is divided into more tributaries, walking through streetsand alleys, walls and houses. Street layout is free, not neat. The main streetis near the river, the alley is near the canal, and the clear spring flowsthrough the street, the town and the house. The poem "every family flows withwater, and every family hangs with Yang" is a true portrayal of this city, soalthough it is a small town on the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, it has thecharacteristics of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

Dayan town

Next, let me tell you about the history of Lijiang. The ancient city ofLijiang is located at the foot of Yulong Snow Mountain. Surrounded by greenmountains, the city is like a big Jasper inkstone. In ancient times, "inkstone"and "Yan" were interlinked. Therefore, the chieftain of Ming Dynasty renamed theancient city "Dayan", which means prosperous culture and outstanding people.

Maybe before Lijiang in the future, everyone has heard that Lijiang ancientcity has one characteristic, that is, it is the only ancient city without citywalls in Chinas famous historical and cultural city. Why is there no citywalls? It is said that the hereditary rulers of Lijiang all have the surname ofmu, so building a city is bound to be like adding a frame with the word"trapped". The chieftain of Mu family did not set up a city wall because oftaboo.

The ancient city was built in the late Southern Song Dynasty with a historyof about 800 years. It has been a political, economic and military town inNorthwest Yunnan and a hub for the economic and cultural exchanges among Naxi,Khan, Tibet and other ethnic groups. Xu Xiake, a famous Chinese traveler in MingDynasty, once wrote that "the beauty of the palace is determined by the king",which is also the important town of the ancient tea horse road in history. Thecity covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, with a permanent population of30000 and 16900 Naxi people.

Lijiang ancient city was listed as a national historical and cultural cityby the State Council in 1986, and as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO in1997. So what should we visit in Lijiang?

1、 Climbing the range rover, you can see the form of the ancient city. Theancient city skillfully used the terrain, with lion mountain in the west,Xiangshan Mountain and Jinhong mountain in the north. It was moved from thenorthwest to the southeast, avoiding the cold wind of snow mountain, leading tothe warm wind in the southeast and occupying the convenient place.

2、 The ancient city makes full use of the spring water. The Yuhe River inthe city is divided into three parts, three parts into nine parts, and thendivided into countless canals, clean and full of aura. [by [finishing]

3、 Walking along the street, you can see the buildings of the ancient city.The buildings in the ancient city are all simple courtyard residents. Thebuildings are simple and crude. The courtyard layout and the internal buildingsare rich and delicate, which constitute a harmonious relationship between manand nature.

4、 If you enter the city and cross the bridge, you can see the layout ofthe whole city. The layout of the ancient city is free and flexible. Stonebridges, wooden bridges, flowers, birds, fish and insects, musical instruments,chess, calligraphy and painting, and folk customs make the ancient cityunique.

Entrance to the ancient city

We have come to the entrance of the ancient city. Some people say its amother and sons water wheel, while others say its a couples water wheel. Howcan we not see the gate? In fact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder ofLijiang ancient city, that is, you cant see the city gate or the city wall,because there is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city, because thehead of Naxi nationalitys surname is "Mu". If the city wall and the city gateare built, it will become "trapped". So there is no city wall or the city gatein the ancient city. Please see, this is the screen wall of President JiangZemins inscription "the ancient city of Lijiang, a world cultural heritage". Itis dignified and beautiful. "Three squares and one Zhaobi" is the architecturalfeature of Naxi folk houses. To the right is the water column. It reflects theimportance of fire prevention in civil structure buildings of ancient city atthat time, which is also the wisdom of Naxi ancestors. This is a world heritagemonument. The symbol is connected by a circle and a box, indicating the harmonybetween man and nature. Next, lets visit the ancient city!

Layout of ancient city

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street. On both sides of the street, you can occasionally seecouplets of different colors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. SomeNaxi people have died, and they all have to commemorate three years. The firstyear is white couplet with black characters, the second year is green coupletwith black characters, and the third year is couplet pasted. This is thenostalgia of Naxi people for their dead relatives. After some forest likepavements, clear river water, small bridges and weeping willows, it is printedin your eyes, but you dont see it Passing by such a clear river, I can see rowsof tables and chairs and bursts of music coming into my ears. This is what theguests call "Foreigner Street". However, the shops on this street are not run byforeigners. The bars there are bookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyonecan get what they want. The convenient place for people in the city to"recharge" in Lijiang is

The bar looks for feeling, especially for foreigners. There are friends,there are bridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment ofcarefree. After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, whichis called pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate buildingon the west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see an open area. This is thecentral Sifang street. Sifang street is the central guangachang of the ancientcity, covering an area of about five mu. There are two main reasons why it iscalled Sifang street. One reason is that the shape of the square is very similarto the square magistrates seal. It is named Sifang street by the chieftain,which means "Quan Zhen Sifang". Some people say that the road there leads toSifang Fang is the distribution center of people and logistics in alldirections, so it is called Sifang street. Why is Sifang street so famous? If wesay that the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in the north ofChina, there is also a trade channel in the south of China known as the "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, and tea, silk, jewelryand other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an important town onthe tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is the important one Since ancienttimes, Sifang street, the trade center of the town, has been an open-air fairwith a history of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifangstreet. In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast,which is a hazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy copper,mountain goods and snacks form a prosperous market. This is the reason Sifangstreet is full of vigor and vitality; its just dark when businessmen go home,and after a time of friction, there are still people and sunshine left. The oldpeople basking in the sun at the bridge head are replaced by children playing,and the bars on both sides show the oily light of night, which is the makeup ofSifang street. At about two oclock in the morning, Sifang street people go toempty streets, and the alleys are deep and unpredictable, only the sound ofrunning water rises and falls, which is the reason Its Lijiang with a plainface. meet

Come down, let my little friend Xiao Li, continue to show you how tobrowse!

Ancient city dwellings

Next, lets go to "Naxi Siheyuan" for a visit! The folk in the ancient cityabsorbed the architectural culture of Han, Bai, Tibetan and other nationalities,but also integrated the national architectural culture and aestheticconsciousness, forming a lot of Naxi style of "three squares and one wall, fourin five patio". The architectural form of the front and rear courtyard, thesetting of the gatehouse and the front building, the patio paving, the six doorand its decorative lights constitute a strong local color and nationalcharacteristics. Speaking of this, lets go in and have a look. The "four infive patios" there are four houses in the southeast and northwest. There is asmall patio between each two neighboring houses, and there are five patios inthe middle. So its called "four in five patios". Four blocks of housing areupstairs and downstairs are imaginative, so it is also called "zouma cornerbuilding".

Friends may ask, which part of Naxi residence has the most Naxicharacteristics? That is Liuhe door and the window core on Liuhe door - "fourseasons Bogu". "Four seasons" is Nash, which means "four seasons". Reflectingthe high expectations of the Naxi people for life, this six door can beinstalled or removed, convenient and flexible. When it is opened, it is thedoor, and when it is closed, it is the window. At ordinary times, only the twoin the middle are opened. When there are red and white events, and there aremany guests, the six doors can be removed. In the composition of the windowcore, the famous flowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and animals,and perfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people forfour auspicious seasons, happiness of fortune and longevity, and farming andreading.

Mufu

Dear friends, have you ever seen the TV series "Mufu Fengyun"? "MufuFengyun" is shot in Mufu. While enjoying the plot, you must be intoxicated withthe beautiful scenery and local customs of Lijiang. Now lets go to Mufu to havea look!

We visited the ancient city and Sifang street. If Sifang street is thecenter of the ancient city, Mufu is the heart of the ancient city and the "GrandView Garden" of Lijiang ancient city culture. The chieftain of Naxi surnamed Muonce ruled Lijiang for 470 years. After three dynasties of yuan, Ming and Qing,a total of 23 dynasties were continued, and this wooden mansion, known asLijiang Forbidden City, was built. Mus chieftain is loyal to the imperial courtand has been praised by the emperor for many times. This Zhongyi square wasapproved by the Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It is called "famous Three PagodaTemple in Dali and famous stone archway in Lijiang".

Please see, there is Mufu. The overall structure of Mufu, from east towest, is the Zhongyi square that we have just seen, followed by the front gate,Zhaobi, conference hall, wanjuan building, Dharma protection hall, guojielou,Guangbi building, Yuyin building and Sanqing hall.

The Mufu we see now was built after the earthquake of magnitude 7 in 1996.This is the assembly hall. The assembly hall is dignified, spacious andmagnificent. It is the place where the chieftains summon their guests. Look,there are three plaques on the door beam of the assembly hall, all of which arewritten with the words "serve the country sincerely". They are the commendationsof the three emperors Hongwu, Yongle and Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. So why didthe imperial court rely so much on the Mu family? This is because the Naxipeople live in the hinterland of Jiangwan in the upper reaches of Jinsha River,with Tubo in the north and Nanzhao Dali in the south. These two local forcesoften became the unstable factors in the southwest frontier of the centraldynasty, so the Naxi nationality played an important role.

This is wanjuan building. Wanjuan building has three floors. Look, thereare no windows on the second floor. You cant see the second floor from thebottom of the building, so there are many precious books in it. To put itsimply, the wanjuan building is a place full of books, with books on the firstfloor, books on the second floor and books on the third floor. Now you can go inand visit yourself. Please abide by the order in the museum. Books can be readbut not touched! Behind the wanjuan tower is the Dharma hall. It is the house ofchieftains to discuss family affairs. In addition to the memorial tablets ofMus ancestors, there are benches, sticks and other tools for corporalpunishment. You can see that it is the place where Master Mu uses family rulesand family laws to discipline his children. It looks like the ancestral hall weusually call.

After passing the Dharma protection hall, we walk through an ancientoverpass. This overpass can be regarded as a creation of the chieftain of Mufamily, which is based on the local conditions and the people. In this way, thegovernment and the people are at peace and do not interfere with each other.Lets go up to the Guangbi building of Mufu. This is a 1:300 model of theancient city, where you can clearly see the whole picture of the ancient cityand Mufu. This is the Yulong bridge, the north entrance of the ancient city.This is the West River, the middle river and the East River. Who lost his way inthe ancient city, then, upstream must be able to walk to the Yulong bridge.These pictures show the rich history and culture and magnificent natural sceneryof Lijiang, please browse.

If you go further, this is the Yuyin building. On the first floor and infront of the building are the places where the chieftains sing, dance and feast.On the second floor are the places where the Fengzhao and Heshu are worshipped.There are copies of white sand murals in the hall. Baisha mural is a nationalkey cultural relic. It integrates Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Taoism intoone picture, and makes three religions live in one room. This practice ofintegrating the three religions is rare in other places. In Lijiang, because theNaxi represented by Mus chieftain is an open nation, they are culturallyinclusive.

After yuyinlou, we come to the final building on the axis of Mufu, Sanqinghall. From there, we can have a birds-eye view of the ancient city and Mufu,and we can see the ancient city described by Xu Xiake as "Julu pianji, lingeringin the slope and valley", and Mufus "beauty of palace is like the king".

Mufu is a splendid garden of architectural art, which fully reflects theelegant demeanor of the Central Plains architecture in the Ming Dynasty, whileretaining the simplicity and ruggedness of the Central Plains architecture inthe Tang and Song dynasties.

When you visit Lijiang ancient city, you should not miss Naxi ancientmusic. Naxi ancient music, which is called "lost music in all parts of China",consists of two parts: Baisha Xiyue and Lijiang Dongjing music. After hundredsof years of development and changes, Naxi ancient music has formed a uniquestyle of integration of Han and Naxi Music, which has a strong national and folkcolor. Living in Lijiang ancient city, the most perfect arrangement at night isto listen to Naxi ancient music.

OK, when you get there, youll have a good view of the ancient city. Ourjourney is coming to an end. During this happy time, we visited Lijiang ancientcity, which is famous both at home and abroad and has the reputation of "Veniceof China" and "Gusu of Plateau". Thank you for your understanding, support andcooperation with Xiao Pu and me along the way. We are deeply impressed by yourenthusiasm. At the same time, we hope that our service can leave you someperfect memories. Finally, I send my best wishes to you, and I sincerely hope wecan meet again. Thank you!

Ladies and gentlemen, now Xiao Li is going to take you to thenext scenic spot, Lijiang ancient city, which is also the most famous scenicspot in Lijiang. Just coming out of the jade clear Yuquan park at the foot ofXiangshan Mountain, we have to follow the Yuquan water flowing from thenorthwest end of the ancient city to the south of the city to the ancient cityof Lijiang, known as "Gusu on the plateau" and "Venice in the East". Here, youwill think that how can Xiao Li exaggerate the name of this plateau town? Infact, it is not exaggerated by Xiao Li at all. The ancient city of Lijiang isdivided into three tributaries, the West River, the middle river and the EastRiver, and then into countless tributaries because of the Yuquan water runningthrough the whole city. There are also many longtans and springs in the city.Taking advantage of this favorable condition, the ancient city has a free layoutof streets and no need for neat network. The main street is next to the river,and the alleys are close to the canals. The clear spring water flows through thestreet and the town, and through the walls and houses. The poetic flavor of"every family flows with water, and every family hangs with Yang" is a trueportrayal of the ancient city. Although it is a small town in Yunnan GuizhouPlateau, it has the characteristics of Jiangnan Water Town.

Lijiang ancient city is also called Dayan town. It is composed of Dayan,Baisha and Shuhe. Dayan ancient city is the representative of them, so peopleoften call it Dayan ancient city or Dayan town. In addition, Dayan ancient cityis located in the center of Lijiang basin. In the southwest corner of theancient city, there stands a writing brush which is similar to Shutian giantpen. Lijiang basin is like a big inkstone made of Jasper. In ancient times,"Yan" and "inkstone" are interlinked, so the ancient city is called Dayan. Wearrived at the ancient city. The most attractive thing at the entrance of thecity should be a pair of waterwheel. Some people say it is a son and motherwaterwheel, while others say it is a lover waterwheel. There used to bewaterwheel in the ancient city, but today it is also used in some remoteplaces.

The ancient city was formed in the late Southern Song Dynasty and has ahistory of more than 800 years. It covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers andhas a permanent population of about 30000. In 1986, it became a nationalhistorical and cultural city. In 1997, it was listed as a world culturalheritage. Lijiang Ancient City has the same characteristics as Suzhou ancientcity, such as "small bridge, flowing water and family". Besides, it also has itslocation, street and house layout, Naxi dwellings and so on There is apattern.

Lijiangs world cultural heritage consists of three parts: Baisha ancienttown, Shuhe ancient town and Dayan ancient town. But for you, the mostattractive thing is Dayan ancient town. There are many entrances to the ancienttown. You follow Xiaoli to enter from the entrance on the right. After you seethe conspicuous waterwheel, on the right is the Zhaobi with President JiangZemins inscription, and there are three rooms and one Zhaobi houses in theancient town Its like you can see one of them. Further to the right is thewater dragon column. The dragon is in charge of water. The civil buildings inthe ancient city are most afraid of fire, but water can overcome fire.Therefore, the water dragon column represents the desire of the people in theancient city to avoid fire. For thousands of years, the people of the ancientcity have taken good care of the ancient city like their own eyes. Please alsotake good care of the ancient city like the people of the ancient city. If youlook at the world cultural heritage logo, the circle represents the earth andnature, the box represents the politeness created by human beings, the circleand the box are connected, representing the harmony between man and nature.Lijiang ancient city is a masterpiece of the harmony between man and nature.These stone carvings on the right can be called Lijiangs "Qingming River map",which is a rich Naxi style painting. At our feet is "bagtu", which was createdby Naxi ancestors according to the theory of five elements. Dongba priests oftenuse it to determine the location and divination.

Xiao Li has told you so much in the ancient city, and you have seen somuch, but he is about to enter the ancient city. How can he not see the gate? Infact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder of Lijiang ancient city, that is, youcant see the city gate or the city wall, because there is no city wall or thecity gate in the ancient city, because the head of Naxi nationalitys surname is"Mu". If the city wall and the city gate are built, it will become "trapped". Sothere is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city.

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street.

On both sides of the street, you can occasionally see couplets of differentcolors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. Some Naxi people have died,and they all have to commemorate three years. The first year is white coupletwith black characters, the second year is green couplet with black characters,and the third year is couplet pasted. This is the nostalgia of Naxi people fortheir dead relatives. After some forest like pavements, clear river water, smallbridges and weeping willows, it is printed in your eyes, but you dont see itPassing by such a clear river, I can see rows of tables and chairs and bursts ofmusic coming into my ears. This is what the guests call "Foreigner Street".However, the shops on this street are not run by foreigners. The bars there arebookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyone can get what they want. Theconvenient place for people in the city to "recharge" in Lijiang is to find thefeeling in the bar, especially for foreigners. There are friends, there arebridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment of carefree.

After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, which iscalled pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate building onthe west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see a vast expanse of space.This is the central square of the ancient city, which covers an area of aboutfive mu. There are two main reasons why it is called Sifang street. One reasonis that the shape of the square is very similar to the square seal of themagistrate. The Tusi named it Sifang street, which means "Quan Zhen Sifang".Some people say that the roads there lead to all directions Its a hub of peopleand logistics in all directions, so its called Sifang street. So why is Sifangstreet so famous? If the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in thenorth of China, there is also a trade channel in the south of China called "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, as well as tea, silk,jewelry and other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an importanttown on the tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is an important town Sinceancient times, Sifang street, a trade center, has been an open-air fair with ahistory of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifang street.In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast, which is ahazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy Copper, mountain goods andsnacks form a prosperous market, which is energy Sifang street is full ofvitality; its just dark, when businessmen go home, there are still people andsunshine left after a time of friction. The old people basking in the sun at thebridge head are replaced by children playing, and the bars on both sides showthe oily light of night. This is Sifang Street with makeup. At about two oclockin the morning, Sifang street people go to empty streets, and the alleys areunpredictable, only the sound of flowing water rises and falls Lijiang faces thesky. "Li Jun

There are three major events in Lijiang mens life: building a house,marrying a daughter-in-law, and basking in the sun. Lijiang men have an unusualhobby and a lot of time for planting flowers, raising birds, writing, drawingand playing mahjong. Men are good at all kinds of activities in the hospital. Inaddition, one of their favorite outdoor activities is sitting in. Naxi Women canonly sleep in one day on the first day of the Lunar New Year. From "Pan Ji Mei"to "a nai", the blink of an eye is only two words "industrious". Naxi Women workfrom morning to night, from physical work to small business, from cleaning upthe fields to killing pigs, from sewing clothes to making a fire to cook. Theyare all like Fairies in the world, while men have no time to do so. Naxi peoplehave a large number of Chinese people, which makes people dizzying. It can notbe said that Naxi Women have brought up Naxi culture.

Naxi people are good at learning, which can also be reflected in theresidential buildings in the ancient city. While absorbing the architecturalstyles of Han, Tibetan, Bai and other nationalities, the ancient city dwellingsalso integrate the national architectural culture and aesthetic consciousness,forming many architectural styles with Naxi characteristics, such as three roomsand one screen wall, four in five patio, front and back courtyard, one inseveral courtyard, etc., and forming a strong foundation in the setting ofgatehouse and front porch, patio paving, Liuhe door and its decoration Thecharacteristics of local culture and national culture. If you ask which part ofthe courtyard is the most distinctive, it is the Liuhe gate of the main room andthe window core on the Liuhe gate, which is called "four seasons Bo Gu".Although these are also the results of learning Han, Tibetan, Bai and othernational cultures. But at the moment, there is no other nation like Naxi. Everyfamily must have Liuhe gate and "four seasons Bogu". Look at this six door,which can be installed or removed. Its convenient and flexible. When itsopened, its the door and when its closed, its the window. Usually, only themiddle two doors are opened. If there are many red and white guests at home andit is inconvenient to walk, the six doors can be removed. The window core carvedon the Liuhe gate is called "four seasons Bo Gu". In the composition, famousflowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and auspicious animals, andperfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people for fourauspicious seasons, happiness and longevity, and for farming and reading theirdescendants. You can see that there are different patterns on the six doors,which are "pines and cranes with spring", "spring" and "longevity", which are"magpies competing for plum", which are "winter" and "joy", which are "Eaglesstanding on chrysanthemums", which are "autumn" and "blessing", which are"egrets in the sky", which are "summer" and "Lu", which are "peacock Magnolia"and "Golden Rooster peony". Please think about it What moral do theyrepresent.

After crossing Wuyi street, you can see many small bridges. At the foot ofthis small stone bridge, you cant help sitting down and having a rest. When yousee the words "centenary square" beside the bridge, its not hard to guess thatthis is centenary square. Just imagine the origin of centenary square. Mostpeople think that centenary square is related to the old people. Thatsright.

各位朋友，大家早上好!我是17号选手。今天我讲解的景点是丽江古城。丽江古城是丽江著名的景点之一，下面就请大家一同随我走进被誉为“高原姑苏”和“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城吧!

丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山下丽江坝子的中部，因四周青山环绕，城中碧水滢滢，宛如一方碧玉大砚而取名为“大研镇”。细心的朋友也许已经发现，丽江古城是一座没有城墙的古城，这是为什么呢?据说这是因为丽江世袭统治者姓木，筑墙势必如木字加框而成“困”字，所以木氏土司因忌讳而不设城墙，而是以四周高山作为天然屏障。

说话间，我们来到了古城门口，城口最引人注意的就是我们面前的水车，有人说它是子母水车，也有人说它是情侣水车。过去古城里到处都有这样的水车，今天在一些偏远地方也仍在使用。古城的布局可以说是以水为脉，顺势自然。如果哪位朋友在古城中迷失了方向，请不要担心，您只要“顺水而入，逆水而出”，您就一定会走出来。

沿着河流，穿过小巷，我们来到了四方街，四方街是古城的中心广场，它是由成排连接的铺面围成的一块近似长方形的广场街面，占地约6亩。为什么叫四方街呢?它主要有两种说法，一种说法是因为广场的形状很像方形的知府大印，由土司取名为四方街，取“权镇四方”之意。也有人说是因为这里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流、物流的集散地，所以叫四方街。古往今来，白天，这里商贾云集，买卖兴隆。到了夜晚，特别是节日的夜晚，这里又成了各族儿女的歌舞天堂，人们燃起篝火，唱起山歌，跳起锅庄、阿丽哩，通宵达旦。也许大家已注意到四方街并的地势并不平坦，而是向东稍有倾斜，这是为什么呢?四方街正如纳西谚语所说的，是个除了鸡辔头什么都有卖的热闹集市，没几天就会有许多垃圾，古城人民就根据地势，巧妙地利用西河水自然冲洗街场，污水流入东河，去灌溉农田。这种一举两得的做法，在我国的城市中恐怕是绝无仅有的。

一路观赏过来，我们来到了丽江古城的文化“大观园”-木府，请看，我们面前的这座木牌坊写着“天雨流芳”四个大字，这四个字，既可以用汉语解释，同时它又是一句纳西话。用汉语可解释为“皇恩浩荡像春雨一样滋润着神州大地”;在纳西语里，“天雨流芳”是“去看书吧”的意思，真可谓一语双意，别出心裁，充分体现出了纳西民族推崇知识的灵心慧性啊。木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术之苑，它不仅体现了明代中原建筑的风采，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中古朴粗犷的流风余韵，而府内沟壑纵横，坐西朝东，活水长流的布局，则又体现了纳西传统文化之精神。

朋友们，今天我们跨过了古城的西河、中河、东河，犹如跨过了上千年的时间隧道，从“清明上河图”中走了出来，即将汇入现代都市的车水马龙，希望丽江古城的小桥流水美景和丰富的民族文化给大家留下美好的记忆，丽江古城欢迎您的再次到来，

谢谢。

丽江是一个极其有民族特色的地方。连机场都古色古香。丽江古城内的建筑全都是当地纳西族风格。和现代都市相差甚远。而且城里不能行车，只能行马。

古城里只有客栈没有酒店，我们住在一家位置极好的客栈。与最热闹的四方街为邻，可客栈内很安静，风格有点象北京四合院，这就是纳西族的建筑。

第一天我们去了木府。

木府，也叫木王府。是当地一名土司(地方最高官员)办公、生活的地方。十分气派，真有点皇帝的味道。

进大门第一座，是土司办公的地方，里面有一把椅子。上面盖了一张真正的虎皮，土司就在这里接受大臣朝拜，椅子前面有张地毯，旁边便是大臣的位子。

第二座是藏书阁，叫万卷楼。这座楼是所有楼里最高的，有三层。第一层是土司学习的地方。只有几排桌椅，中间有个展示柜，展示了当年土司学习用的佛经。二楼是藏书的地方，摆了两排大书架，可里面没书。前面的展示柜里有几本现代的书而已。从三楼可以看见玉龙雪山，这座山是云南第二高山。这里同时也是土司休息的地方。

之后我们去了护法殿。这里是祭拜祖先的地方。一座神像立在面前，神像前有一座碑，上面写着：天地君亲师，意思是：先拜天，然后是地，再下来是皇上、亲人、老师。

不愧为“土皇帝”啊。这土司把木府建得真好。不过为什么叫“木府”?因为以前，在丽江做官的都姓木，普通人都姓和，现在还是这样。所以一个人，如果姓木，说明他家以前是做官的，姓和，那就是老百姓。既不姓木又不姓和的，那就不是本地人。

第二天我们去了玉龙雪山。

从山脚起，就一直能感觉到寒气。山上虽说不是全盖着雪，却也能看见一条条冰河。我们坐小索道上了山。遗憾的是，大索道在维修。小索道只能上到海拨3000多，而大索道能上到4506米。

在山上可以看见雪山的主峰。这主峰虽不高，却从未有人征服过。因为山上的石头都已风化，爬不上去。

接着我们坐车到了云杉坪。这里全是云杉树，都有很久的历史。像一个个卫士，保护着雪山。雪山则像一个老爷爷，照顾着云杉。遍地的野花、云杉、雪山和彩虹，组成了一道别样的风景。

第三天我们到了拉市海骑马。一到马场，首先听到几声清脆的嘶鸣。我这才第一次和马近距离接触。这些马全都是棕色和黑色，没有什么“白马王子”。

我们的马上路了。骑马不象骑车，怎么骑都行。骑马要把屁股摆直，不然马会不舒服，会疯跑的。我就感受过了。上坡身子往前倾，下坡身子往后仰，这也要注意。

一路上，虽然看不见溪水却也能听见溪声。绿树做成的屏障下，还是有星星点点的阳光透下来。马主人告诉我们这里是茶马古道旧址。以前马帮就是走这里的。马帮是用马运送茶叶、丝绸等物品去其它国家的团体。所以这里叫茶马古道。

中午我们吃了马帮饭。其实也就是一盘杂锅菜配饭，不过还蛮好吃。吃完了我们就骑马下了山。

一到山下，卡卡(我那马的名字)就飞奔起来。原因不用说了。不过真不愧是卡卡，跑得飞快。我的脑袋转了无数个360度，但我没晕，也没被甩出去。

第四天我们来到了普达措国家公园。

首先我们来到属都。这景色太美了。山靠水，水环山;山围水，水依山。平静的湖面加上看不厌的绿色，仿佛回到了以前科技还没发展的时候。从湖的任何一个角度，用任何一种相机拍下的照片，都可以当电脑桌面。

然后是另一个不知名的湖。走了一会儿突然下了冰雹!我第一次看到冰雹，豆大的冰粒掉下来，真是漂亮。雨后的湖冒着气，仿佛来到人间仙境。云雾缭绕，亦真亦幻。

来丽江，真是不虚此行啊。

各位嘉宾，现在小黎将要带大家去游览下一个景点，也是丽江最著名的景点-丽江古城。刚从象山山麓澄碧如玉的玉泉公园出来，我们要顺着从古城西北端悠悠流至城南的玉泉水来到被称作为“高原姑苏”“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城。在此各位嘉宾就会想，小黎怎能口出狂言，敢把这高原小城称得如此夸张，其实一点都没有被小黎夸大，丽江古城就是因为有玉泉水贯穿全城由古城分成西河、中河、东河三条支流，再分成无数股支流。城内亦有多处龙潭、泉眼出水。古城利用这种有利的条件，街道自由布局，不求网络的工整，主街傍河，小巷临渠，清澈的泉水穿街流镇，穿墙过屋，“家家流水，户户垂杨”的诗意是这座古城的真实写照，这里虽是云贵高原小镇，却颇有江南水乡的特色。

丽江古城又叫大研镇，它由大研、白沙、束河三部分组成，大研古城是它们的集中代表，所以人们常常把它叫作大研古城或大研镇。而且大研古城位于丽江盆地的中心，古城的西南角耸立着酷似书天巨笔的文笔锋，丽江盆地则象一方碧玉做成的大砚台，古时“研”和“砚”相通，所以古城叫大研。说话间我们便到了古城，城口最引人注意的应该是一双水车吧，有人说它是子母水车，也有人说它是情人水车。过去古城里就有水车，今天在一些偏远之地也在使用。

古城形成于南宋后期，已有八百多年的历史，面积3.8平方公里，常住人口约三万人，1986年成为国家级历史文化名城，1997年又被列入世界文化遗产，丽江古城除了同苏州古城一样具有“小桥流水人家”的特色外，还在古城选址、街道和房屋布局、纳西民居等方面别具一格。

丽江的世界文化遗产由白沙古镇、束河古镇和大研古镇三部分组成，但对于各位嘉宾来说，吸引力最大的是大研古镇，古城的入口很多，大家随着小黎从右边的入口进入，看见了显眼的水车后，紧接着右边是写有题词的照壁，古城里有三房一照壁的民居，那照壁就象各位嘉宾看到得着一块。再往右是水龙柱，龙是管水的，古城里的土木建筑最怕火，但水能克火，所以这个水龙柱代表古城人民免除火灾的愿望。千百年来，古城人民象爱护自己的眼睛一样爱护古城，也请各位朋友象古城人民一样爱护古城，不乱扔烟头垃圾。再看世界文化遗产标志，圆圈代表地球、自然，方框代表人类创造的文明，圆圈和方框相连，代表人与自然要和谐统一，丽江古城就是人与自然和谐统一的杰作。右边的这些石刻称得上是丽江的“清明上河图”，是一幅浓郁的纳西风情画。我们脚下是“巴格图”，是纳西先民根据五行学说创造的，东巴祭司常用它来定方位和占卜等。

小黎在古城给大家讲了那么多，大家也看了那么多，但是马上就要进入古城了，怎么就没有看到城门呢?其实各位嘉宾是看不到的，这也是丽江古城的一奇，即看不到城门，也看不到城墙，因为古城根本没有城墙和城门，因为纳西族的头领姓“木”，如果建了城墙和城门就变成了“困”字，所以古城没有城墙，也没有城门了。

各位嘉宾心目中一定有这样一个问题，象这样的古城在中国有的是，为什么这个高原上的偏僻的古城竟被评上呢?想要得到答案，各位嘉宾请随小黎一同去游览一翻。一条小巷、一户人家，一不小心你就站在了一百年的历史上了，这种感觉，在路上、在各个庭院中，您随处都能感受到。所以这座古城不是因为拍戏或是故弄玄虚而建的，是一座真实的活着的古城，不信您看看脚下，您就会觉得比刚才走的路光滑多了，一块块的五花石板，象是有许多碎石沾在一起，但它是一种丽江特有的乐角岩，采自周围的山上，因为五颜六色，所以当地人称五花石，人行马踏，经过几百年，磨得光滑透亮，雨水一流，诗意就在你脚下了，这条街就叫新华街。在街道两旁，偶尔会看到一些人家门上贴有不同颜色的对联，纳西人有人仙逝,都要纪念三年，第一年白联黑字，第二年绿联黑字，第三年贴对联，这是纳西人对死去亲人的怀念，经过一些林立的铺面，清澈的河水，小桥垂柳便印入大家眼帘，而在各位都没有见过的这么清澈的河边看到了一排排的桌椅和一阵阵的音乐传入耳中，这便是客人所谓的“洋人街”，但这条街上的铺面并非洋人所开，这里的酒吧又书生气的，有叛逆性的，有纯生意性的，各人可各取所需。城市里的人到丽江“充电”的方便之处就是在酒吧找感觉，尤其以外国人为多。有就有朋友，有小桥流水，只要不醉，人生是可找到一刻逍遥的。在经过酒吧街之后便看到了一座小石桥，因为早先在这里卖豌豆，所以称为豌豆桥，桥西的小门楼便是科贡坊，科贡坊的名于坊后小巷，清朝嘉庆年间，巷内杨家有两兄弟同时中举，到道光年间，弟弟又中举，此事是丽江人得意之事，官府为了表彰杨家，激励来者，特立此坊。站在这里向东望去，眼前一片开阔，这便是中心四方街，四方街是古城的中心广场，占地约五亩，为什么叫四方街，主要有两种说法，一种说法是因为广场的形状很象方形的知府大印，由土司取名叫四方街，取“权镇四方”之意，也有人说这里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流，物流集散地，所以叫四方街，那么四方街为什么这样有名呢?如果说我国北方又一条世界闻名的贸易通道——丝绸之路的话，我国南方也有一条被称为“茶马古道”的贸易通道，它是藏区以及丽江的马匹、皮毛、藏药等特产和南方的茶叶、丝绸、珠宝等商品的一条贸易通道，丽江古城是茶马古道上的重镇，四方街则是这个重镇的贸易中心，从古到今，四方街都是一和露天集市，这个集市从开始至今有三百年的历史，要体会到四方街的一天才能领略到其中的奥妙，清晨，早起的人们开始买早点，是朦朦胧胧正在伸赖腰的四方街;午，买铜、买山货、买小吃的商贩组成繁荣的市面，这是精力旺盛的四方街;天刚黑，生意人回家了，又经过一次摩擦的五花石板还剩着人和阳光的余温，在桥头晒太阳的老人换成了孩童嬉戏，两侧酒吧又透出夜色的油光，这是化了妆的四方街;凌晨两点左右，四方街人去街空，小巷深不测，只有流水之声高低起伏，这是素面朝天的丽江。

“丽君从来喜植树，山城无处不飞花”，丽江男人一生有三件大事：盖房子、娶媳妇、晒太阳。丽江男人对种花、养鸟、写字、画画、打麻将有着特别的嗜好和特别多的时间，男人擅长一切在院内的活动，除此之外，他们最爱的一项户外活动便是坐客，而纳西女人一年当中只有在大年初一才能睡一天的懒觉。从“盼吉妹”到“阿奶”眨眼的功夫却单纯只有两个字“勤劳”，纳西女人从早到晚干活，从体力活到小生意，从收拾田地到杀猪，从缝补衣服到生火做饭，个个像下凡的仙女，而男人们则闲了下来，这一闲就不得了。纳西人中文人辈出，令人目不暇接，不能不说是纳西女人养出了纳西文化。

纳西族善于学习也可反映在古城的民居建筑上。古城民居在广泛吸收汉、藏、白等民族建筑风格的同时，也把本民族的建筑文化和审美意识融于其中，形成了许多具有纳西特色的三房一照壁、四合五天井、前后院、一进数院等建筑风格，并在门楼、前廊的设置和天井铺地、六合门及其装饰等方面形成了浓郁的地方特色和民族特色。如果问四合院里哪一部份最富有特色，那就是堂屋的六合门和六合门上的窗蕊—“四季博古”。虽说这些也是学习汉、藏、白等民族文化的结果。但是到了现在，已没有哪一个民族像纳西族这样每家都必有六合门和“四季博古”。您看这六合门，可装可卸，方便灵活，开则为门，闭则为窗。平时只开中间两扇，如遇家中有红、白事客人较多，行走不方便时，则六扇门均可卸下。六合门上所雕的窗蕊称为“四季博古”，构图上用名花异卉，吉鸟瑞兽、美好典故，以此寄托纳西人民四季吉祥、福禄寿喜、耕读传家的美好意愿。大家看到这六扇门上都有各自不同的图案，这是“松鹤同春”、寓“春”和“寿”，这是“喜鹊争梅”、寓“冬”和“喜”，这是“鹰立菊丛”、寓“秋”和“福”，这是“鹭鸶天莲”、寓“夏”和“禄”，这是“孔雀玉兰”、“锦鸡牡丹”，请大家都想想看它们都分别代表了什么寓意。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，一般人都会想百岁坊老人有关，这就对了。

各位旅客朋友大家早上好，盼望许久，终于和大家见面了，很开心。我是你们这一旅程的小伙伴，导游_x，大家可以叫我小x。看得出来，因长时间的车程，你们已有些许疲劳，但是一路有小黄，再苦也不难。这位是我们的司机姐姐，别看她年轻貌美，但她车技很好，真是技如其人，她开车你放心。请大家按次序上旅游车，这里离目的地丽江古城还需要一些时间，你们可以稍微缓解疲劳或者在车上娱乐娱乐，我会尽我所能为大家服务。

看你们兴奋地不时眺望窗外，看得出大家都是爱丽江的人。

说到丽江古城，我至今都记忆犹新。古色古香的小城，热情淳朴的丽江人，让我难以忘怀……今天我要带大家来到这里，和我一起领略丽江古城那独一无二的风采!

那是去年暑假，妈妈带我来到了丽江古城。一进门，一架古朴的木制风车便映入我的眼帘。大风车缓缓地转着，发出悦耳动听的流水声，让我情不自禁地幻想自己是不是来到了童话世界里。往里走，我简直不敢相信自己的眼睛!所有的房子都是用木头架起来的，透露着浓浓的自然味道，完完全全没有一丝一毫现代钢筋水泥的气息。用粗大的木头架起来的房子，一栋连着一栋，树干上一圈又一圈的年轮，似乎见证了古城的沧桑。再往里走，一幢尖顶小木屋出现在我的眼前，显得格外别致，格外突出。走近一看，原来是一个制作纪念小挂件的小商铺。这家小商铺里面的小挂件可和别的小挂件不一样，这里的小挂件上可以刻上你的名字，而反面，是世界上最早的字——东巴文字。哇!这么罕见的文字，我可一定要买一条留作纪念。

我爱的，不仅是古色古香的丽江古城，还有热情淳朴的丽江人……

中午，丽江人毫不吝啬地招待客人到自己家吃饭。圆桌上，是一道道具有当地特色的本地菜。他们投入百分之百的热情招待我们：他们连续不断地唱着云南当地的民歌，挥舞着手中的丝带，载歌载舞，热情似火!丽江人真是热情啊，至少在大都市，能歌善舞的人已经不多了。这次，我可要好好的“享受享受”!

傍晚时分，金色的夕阳更衬托出古城的美、古城的古老。古朴的小木屋，或是木制的大风车，古城的一切都变成金色的了，我又一次深深地陶醉在“童话世界”里了……

难忘丽江，难忘丽江的古城，难忘丽江古城充满浓厚人情味的人，什么时候，我愿再次来到这里，再来看一看这古色古香的小城，这独一无二的小城······

Lijiangs commentaries, 350 - word model essay 3:

Everybody is good! I am your tour of lijiang tour guide. I am very glad to be with you the happy time together! My name is zhang. You can call me a guide.

Please come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. Ill give you a brief introduction of lijiang. Lijiang also known as dayan town, is located in the middle of lijiang dam, known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is the only ancient city without walls in Chinas famous historical and cultural city. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers, the ancient times is known fairs and towns. The ancient city of existing residents 6200 households, 25000 people. Among them, the naxi nationality for the vast majority of the population, 30% of the residents are still engaged in produced with copper, silver, fur, leather, textiles, brewing traditional handicraft industry and business activities.

Ok, now you give me into the city to see.

Lijiang is an ancient city without walls, dayan ancient city is a strong cultural atmosphere of the town.

Lijiang ancient and the street of the city of mountain was built, mostly covered with red breccia, the rainy season will not muddy, also wont fly ash of the dry season, the stone patterns of natural elegance. Look, smooth and clean green flag road, completely hand-built civil housing structure, ubiquitous Bridges.

各位来宾朋友：大家好!

首先我代表旅行社，衷心的欢迎诸位来到丽江观光旅游。我姓和，和气的和，大家叫我小和就可以了;驾车的司机姓木，树木的木。在云南，凡是姓和、姓木的，绝大部分是丽江纳西族。今天，我非常高兴能为各位导游，我将尽我所能把丽江最美好的景观介绍给各位。

作为东道主，现在我想用丽江纳西族独有的方式为大家接风。我们的方式很简单，就是由我为大家唱纳西迎宾曲。

“远方来的朋友啊，纳西家里来到了，坐一坐。山也欢，水也笑，纳西人家多欢喜。祝愿大家心情舒畅……”

我和木师傅衷心祝愿大家在丽江度过一段舒心、愉快的美好时光。我们这个旅行团在丽江的逗留时间是四天三晚，第一、三晚住宾馆，第二晚下榻泸沽湖摩梭山庄。在此期间，我要带大家去参观丽江古城、玉龙雪山、长江第一湾、虎跳峡、泸沽湖等几个主要的景区。在丽江，各位来宾有什么事情要办，有需要我和木师傅帮忙之处，请不要客气，尽管提出来，我们一定尽力去办。

我们降落的丽江机场，坐落在与大理州鹤庆县交界的丽江县七河乡境内，海拔2200米，1995年建成通航。丽江机场可起降波音737大型客机，现已开通丽江至昆明、北京、广州、上海、成都、香港、西双版纳等多条航线，每年客流量超过了50万人次。丽江机场现已经成为云南省仅次于昆明的第二大航空港。

从机场到丽江城有26公里，乘车时间大约需要30分钟，我将利用这段时间给大家介绍一下沿途的风光和丽江的概况。

现在我们的车正行驶在大(理)丽(江)公路上，前面这座缓坡叫关坡，在古代这里是出入丽江古城的重要关隘，如今也是丽江的南大门。这里距昆明550公里，坐上空调大巴南下大理需要3小时，到昆明需要6-8小时，早上还在四方街吃丽江粑粑，下午就可以到昆明去吃过桥米线了!

首先需要说明一点的是，丽江既是一个县又一个地区的名称。丽江地区现在管辖4个县，其中华坪县是煤炭基地，永胜县是鱼米之乡，宁蒗彝族自治县和丽江纳西族自治县是重点旅游开发区。全区面积20600平方公里，总人口112万，除汉族外，人口较多的还来纳西族、彝族、傈僳族、白族、普米族等10个少数民族，人口64万，约占全区总人口的57%。丽江少数民族的语言、习俗、民居、服饰、节日、歌舞丰富多彩，独具特色。

现在，我们的车过了关坡丫口，地势一下子变得平坦起来了，一个宽宽的山间盆地展现在眼前，这就是云南特有民族纳西族的主要聚居地。我们称为丽江坝子，它是滇西北最大的高原盆地，面积近200平方公里，海拔2400米左右。丽江县城大研镇就坐落在坝子的中央。人们通常说的丽江古城，就是这个大研镇的中心，这在1997年12月4日被联合国列入世界文化遗产名单，成为一座世界文化名城。

说到这里，大家可能会问了：为什么这里叫“丽江”呢?

“丽江”一名，始于元朝至元十三年(1276年)设置行政区丽江路。《元史·地理志》说：“路因江名。”就是说，“丽江”地名的由来最早起源于金沙江的别称“丽水”。大家知道，金沙江就是长江上游，因产金沙得名。但为什么金沙江又称“丽水”、“丽江”呢?史书上的主要说法是金沙江源于青藏高原犁牛石，而称犁水，即犁田的犁，山水的水。昆明大观楼长联作者孙髯翁就在《金沙江》诗中写道：“劈开蕃域斧无痕，流出犁牛向丽奔”。蕃域即今藏族先民吐蕃居住区。后因犁、丽声音相近而异写为丽水、丽江。

从地图上看，丽江的西、北、东三面都有金沙江环绕，就像拉丁字母W，形成三大转折奇观。由此看来，元世祖忽必烈用此突出的自然实体取名“丽江”，是很恰当的。丽江就是美丽的金沙江，当地纳西语又叫“依古堆”，意为大江转弯的地方。说到这里就引出了丽江古城的大环境——玉壁金川。玉壁指的就是玉龙雪山，它位于这个坝子的北端，像是古城的一堵银色照壁，把古城映衬得光彩夺目。金川指的就是金沙江，它三面环绕丽江地区615公里，堪称全球最美丽的江段。

丽江县城虽然地处云南西北高原，终年看见雪山，然而没有严寒，没有酷暑，不要暖气，不要空调。这里年均气温摄氏12.6度，最冷的1月平均气温约为摄氏6度，最热月的平均气温约为摄氏18度，年温差仅有12度左右。同时，丽江出现绝对低温和绝对高温的次数比较少，持续时间也不会太长，所以四季的界限不很明显。究其原因，主要是低纬度的地理位置，丽江位于北纬27度左右，冬夏两季日射角度变化小，地面温度比较均匀;而每年夏秋，又受海洋季风暖湿气流影响，阴雨天多，地面气温不易升高;加之纵横交错的高山成为阻挡北方寒流的天然屏障，所以这晨形成干暖温和的独特气候。

同时，丽江工业不多，自然很少受到污染，空气清新洁净，到处青山碧水，四季庄稼生长，尤其冬春季节，天空分外湛蓝，阳光充足明媚，令人赏心悦目。当然，正是由于丽江的四季不很明显，立体变化，遇雨成冬，而且昼夜之间的温差比较大，所以外地客人到丽江后应适当注意增减衣服，以免引起感冒。

各位朋友，丽江虽然地处偏僻，却有着悠久的历史和灿烂的文化。五万年前，已有旧石器晚期智人“丽江人”在此生息。从新石器、青铜器的发现进一步证实了丽江是云南古人类的摇篮之一。丽江地区开发较早，公元前12019年西汉即设遂久县管辖，元初设置云南37路之一的丽江路，“丽江”一名从此开始。元代至清初的470年间，丽江是纳西族木氏土司统治区域中心。

如今的丽江县，是中国唯一的纳西族自治县，也是丽江地区最大的一个县，面积7648平方公里，人口约36万，其中纳西族占55%。纳西族源于中国古代南迁的氐羌族群，居住在以丽江为中心的滇川藏交界处，总人口约有30万，而丽江县有20万，占全国纳西族总人口的67%。纳西族人口不多，分布不广，然而却以古老而丰富的民族文化著称，有人说它是小民族创造大文化。

纳西族最为著名的文化特色是“三个活化石”。所谓“三个活化石”，即是文字活化石——纳西象形文字、音乐活化石——纳西古乐、人类社会活化石——摩梭人母系大家庭。创造于唐代的纳西东巴文，被称为世界上唯一活着的象形文字;至今仍在丽江流行的两套大型古典乐曲《白沙细乐》，被中外音乐界被为“国宝”;泸沽湖畔摩梭人，至至今仍保持着母系大家庭和不娶不嫁的阿夏走婚形态，为世所罕见。

说话间我们已经来到丽江古城南郊的环城路上。大家请看，右前方有一座苍翠的山岗，形似狮子滚绣球而得名狮子山。秀丽的狮子山天然地把丽江古城和新城分隔开来，但又将它们联成一个有机的整体。山顶高楼，名叫“万古楼”。登楼北望雪山，历历在目，南观古城，尽收眼底。

路的左边，这座高大的建筑叫黑白水大酒店，主楼高17层，客房128间，是由云南黑白水电力集团投资控股的四星级酒店。前面是一个丁字路口，我们右转进入民主路，路口左右各有一座酒店：右边的森龙大酒店，是由丽江森龙集团投资兴建的三星级酒店;左边是云杉饭店，也是丽江地区规模最大、设施最为完备的客运汽车站。

我们乘坐的汽车正在环绕狮子山西北侧行驶，途中我们还经过了丽江体育场、神农大酒店、邮电大楼、百信商场、百货大楼等单位。这里是一个三叉路口，右转不远就可以进入丽江古城，我们左转进入新大街，这是丽江新城的第一条街道，也是目前商场最集中、最热闹的街道之一。前面一个丁字路口，左转可以进入福慧路，丽江地区和自治县两级府署就在这条路上。

我们继续北行不远，就是丽江新城最早建的市政广场——红太阳广场。广场左边是新建的国际文化交流中心，右边矗立着毛泽东塑像，像后衬托着一堵语录墙。这座建于1969年的毛泽东塑像，设计极富时代色彩，就连每一处数字的组合都是精心安排。正方形的台基高1.949米，寓意中华人民共和国1949年成立，拉开了一个崭新时代的序幕。塑像基座高5.16米，南面有韶山、井冈山浮雕，北面是延安、西柏坡浮雕，西面(正面)是天安门和红旗浮雕，它们简明地勾勒了毛泽东有代表性的重要革命历程。塑像全身高7.1米，寓意中国共产党7月1日成立。整座塑像包括基座和塑身高12.26米，寓意毛泽东生于12月26日。

请看：毛泽东身穿军装，左手自然贴裤，右手上扬，正向人们致意。1996年2月3日，丽江发生了七级大地震，广场四周建筑顷刻间大量坍塌，让人惊讶的是这座毛泽东塑像却丝毫无损、巍然不动，一时传为奇闻异事。不管怎么说，一代伟人毛泽东，在中国人民的心目中，在老百姓的情感上，是永远不会磨灭的。这一特殊时代的产物，既能引起人们对革命先辈的缅怀之情，也可引起人们对历史的反思。

各位来宾，我们下榻的宾馆到了。请大家带好随身物品准备下车。请大家到大堂后稍事休息，我和领队立刻给大家办理入住手续，进房间后首先请检查一下房间的物品是否齐备，大家可以洗洗脸，喝点水，休息一下。请记住，中午12点在一楼餐厅用餐。因为我们中午饭后就直接到丽江古城游览，请带好下午参观游览的必需品。

曾经多次，在旅行杂志上看到有关丽江的文字。在那些文章中，只能恍恍惚惚的勾勒出丽江大致的一个模样。终于按捺不住好奇，决定亲自前去看看。

真正到了，才发现丽江的魅力是什么都无法掩盖的。

尽管丽江经历过一次地震的打击，然而古城现今所呈现的完好，真的令人赞叹。

虽然游客很多，但仍不妨碍欣赏它安静的极致的美丽。

如若说西湖的平静无澜似内蕴丰厚的词人，太湖的烟波浩渺如风姿绰约的美妇，那在我眼中，这丽江，更像是在深闺中尚未出嫁的少女，带着无知的清澈的眼神看着来自五湖四海的游人。而她的无知，却不是因为愚笨和与世隔绝，而是与生俱来的对世界的信任，对人性最纯本质的追求。

沿着丽江古城的青石板路踽踽独行，尽管身边喧嚣熙攘，但当听着脚板与青石的叩叩声时，心中是无比宁静的。只想一辈子都住在这里，日出而作，日落而息。更像是远古的生存方式。哪怕艰苦，哪怕没有灯红酒绿的繁华，然而只要能与这石板路、青石桥、清澈流水为伴，天天微风拂面，柳丝飞动眼前，就已经无憾了。

怀着如斯心情信步于此，无需多虑下一步应踏向何处，只要与这秀美相伴就已不必再言。不怕迷路，反正无论何时，古城的古朴民风自会指

亲爱的旅客朋友们：

我是你们的导游。我叫青严茜，你们可以叫我小青。今天我们要去丽江古城。

丽江古城位于中国西南部云南省的丽江纳*族自治县，始建于公元13世纪后期。古城海拔2400余米，自古就是远近闻名的集市和重镇。古城现有居民25000余人。其中，纳*族占总人口绝大多数，有30%的居民仍在从事以铜银器制作、皮毛皮革、酿造业为主的传统手工业和商业活动。

在丽江古城区内的玉河水系上，修建有桥梁354座，其密度为平均每平方公里93座。桥梁较着名的有锁翠桥、大石桥、万千桥、南门桥、马鞍桥、仁寿桥，均建于公元14～19世纪。

古城里的五凤楼始建于明代公元1620xx年，楼高20米。因其建筑形制酷似五只飞来的彩凤，故名"五凤楼"，楼内的天花板上还绘有多种精美的图案。

丽江古城历史悠久，古朴自然。丽江民居既融和了汉、白、彝、藏各民族精华，又有纳*族的独特风采，是研究中国建筑史、文化史不可多得的重遗产。丽江古城包容着丰富的民族传统文化，是研人类文化发展的重要史料。

今天的旅行到此结束，拜拜。

各位游客，大家好，我姓屈，大家可以叫我屈导。我是大自然旅行社的导游，今天，我要带大家参观丽江古城。

丽江古城占地1.6平方千米，始建于十二世纪末至十三世纪中叶，建国后曾发现“漓江人”石呢!丽江的黑龙潭、五凤楼等名胜古迹可以使你流连忘返，其中黑龙潭水分成三条支流，穿越丽江古城而过，途中又分成许多细流流入村户，与散点状井泉构成一个完整的水系。

丽江古城的文化，主要体现在闻名遐迩的东巴象形文字、绘画、音乐、舞蹈、东巴经等，这些内涵丰富，让您可以细细品味。

丽江古城是我国的世界遗产，它景色优美，但请记住，我们不能随意扔垃圾，因为保护它们，才能欣赏它们。

最后，祝大家玩的快乐!两小时后在五凤楼见!

更多丽江古城导游词范文推荐阅读★★★★★：

大家好!欢迎你们来到了世界文化遗产的的丽江古城。我是陈艺涵，大家可以叫我小陈，今天的由我来陪同你们来到丽江古城。

丽江古城又名大研镇，它位于丽江坝中部，北依象山、金虹山、西枕狮子山，东南面临数十里的良田阔野。丽江是第二批被批准的中国历史文化名城之一，也是中国向联合国申报世界文化遗产成功的古城之一。

现在我来到了丽江古城。在丽江古城的街道依山势而建，顺着水流而设，以红色角砾岩铺就，雨季不泥泞，旱季不飞灰，石上的花纹图案栩栩如生，自然雅致，非常细腻，与整个城市环境相得益彰，这就是四方街。四方街是丽江古街的一代表，位于古城的核心位置。四方街是一个梯形的小广场，五花石铺地，街道两旁的店铺鳞次栉比。从四方街四角延伸出四大主街：光义街、七一街、五一街、新华街，又从四大主街岔出众多街巷，如蛛网交错、四通八达，从而形成四方街为中心，沿街逐层外延的缜密而又开放的格局。在丽江古城区内的玉河水系上飞架有354座桥梁，平均每平方公里93座。有石拱桥、石板桥、廊桥等其它桥。大家可以在这里看看风景，拍一拍照片。

请大家在这里细细游赏，感谢你们的到来，大家在玩的过程，注意安全，注意环境卫生，祝愿大家玩得开心!

现在我们就顺着木府的护城河前往木府。姓木的土司曾统治丽江四百多年，在占尽天时地利的狮子山麓，营造了规模宏大的土司府衙，被人们称为木府，护城河从北、东、南三面环绕着木府。大家会说，这也算护城河吗?原来护城河是又宽又深的，“改土归流”后，随着土司势力的衰落，护城河就越来越小了。

丽江古城还有一奇，那就是古城没有城墙，这是为什么呢?请大家回答。我来提示一下：土司姓木，而且历代土司热心于学习汉文化，也讲究文字避讳，请大家从汉字上去考虑。对了，木家居住的地方如果筑了城墙，就如同“木”字加了个框，成了“困”字，这当然不行。还有别的什么原因，就请大家见仁见智，议论一番吧!

木府快到了，我们面前的这座木牌坊上写着什么?“天雨流芳”，对。这“天雨流芳”四个字，原是明代的木公土司写的，后来散佚，现在我们看到的，是纳西族书法家、云南省书法家协会主席李群杰先生补书的。这四个字，既可以用汉语解释，同时它又是一句纳西话。用汉语可解释为“皇恩浩荡像春雨一样滋润着神州大地”;在纳西语里，“天雨流芳”是“去看书吧”的意思，真可谓一语双意，别出心裁。

木府到了。据说木府是仿照北京紫禁城建造的，这种僭越本分的做法，在等级森严的古代是决不允许的，因此，木氏土司从不让外人进去，连徐霞客也不例外。徐霞客受木增土司的邀请，在1639年明朝末期来到丽江，远望着楼阁巍峨的木府，在他的《徐霞客游记》里写下了“宫室之丽、拟于王者”的感叹，这句话已写在东边的照壁上。

这座石拱桥形似马鞍，叫金鞍桥，又叫玉带桥。这座桥之特殊在于它的长宽之比，一般的石拱桥，长比宽要长，这座桥则不然，它长仅3米，宽却达9。6米，这是为什么呢?原来木氏土司出巡或者回府，总是八抬大轿以示显赫威严，桥太窄当然不行，还同时考虑到这桥与高大的忠义坊之间的呼应协调。

木氏土司对中央政府忠心耿耿，上贡不断，特别是明朝万历年间，据说木增土司曾用马帮驮着万两金银，万里迢迢到京城进贡，明神宗大受感动，钦赐“忠义”二字，并下圣旨建这忠义石牌坊。土司对朝廷的忠义还可以从木府大门的对联上看出来，“凤诏每来红日近，鹤书不到白云闲”。这副对联来自木泰土司所写的纳西族第一首汉文诗《两关使节》，意思是皇帝的诏书一来，就好像离太阳更近了，感到十分温暖;如果好久没接到朝廷的文书，那么，就觉得天上的白云都懒散了。请大家进木府参观。

大家好！我是你们游览丽江古城的导游。我很高兴能与大家共度这快乐时光！我姓林，我叫大家能够叫我林导游就行了。

请大家跟我来。那里是丽江古城。我先给大家简单介绍一下丽江古城。丽江古城又名大研镇，坐落在丽江坝中部，称为“保存最为完好的四大古城”之一。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城。丽江古城地处云贵高原，海拔2400余米，全城面积达3。8平方公里，自古就是远近闻名的集市和重镇。古城现有居民6200多户，25000余人。其中，纳西族占总人口绝大多数，有30%的居民仍在从事以铜银器制作、皮毛皮革、纺织、酿造业为主的传统手工业和商业活动。

丽江古城内的街道依山傍水修建，铺的大多都是红色角砾岩，雨季不会泥泞、旱季也不会飞灰，石上花纹图案自然雅致。看，光滑洁净的青石板路、完全手工建造的土木结构的房屋、无处不在的小桥流水。

前面就是古城中心的四方街了。那里工艺品琳琅满目，人气兴旺。来古城没有不来四方街的。

丽江古城历史悠久，古朴自然。城市布局错落有致，既具有山城风貌，又富于水乡韵味。丽江民居既融和了汉、白、彝、藏各民族精华，又有纳西族的独特风采，很独特吧！

这天，我就给大家介绍到那里。祝大家旅愉快！记住你们出去看那里的什么东西的时候你们不能扔东西在地上，要扔就扔在垃圾箱里。你们在玩的时候要注意安全，自我的行李、东西保护好点。

教师点评：作为导游词你介绍的很详细，“请大家跟我来”“前面就是”这样的衔接也十分自然，好。但作为我们的作文导游词不必要面面俱到。

广西柳州大龙潭公园是国家AAAA级风景旅游区，其是柳州市最大的旅游公园。位于广西柳州市区南部，距市中心3千米。市内公交车可直达。是一个以喀斯特自然山水景观为主，突出南方少数民族风情文化，融亚热带岩溶植物科研、科普为一体的旅游区。1986年开发建设，当年向游人开放。

占地5。44平方千米，四周群山环抱，自成屏障，属典型的岩溶地貌。园内卧虎山、美女峰、孔雀山等形态各异的二十四峰，簇拥着一条碧水飘然东去，清流冬暖夏凉，依地势分隔为三，雷潭、龙潭、镜湖，从绝之下涌出蜿蜒长达二千余米后注入园外的地下溶洞里，消失得无影无踪。植被繁茂，保存完好，共有植物152种、植物近700种，亚热带岩溶植物景观特色突出。

园内人文景观与自然景观交相辉映，有“贝丘遗址”、“雷塘庙”、“祭台”、“雷塘祷雨文碑亭”、“张翀钓台”、“雷山摩崖石刻”等许多名胜古迹，奇山秀水里荟萃了壮、侗、苗、瑶、傣等少数民族建筑。侗民族的“风雨桥”、“鼓楼”，瑶族的“望月楼”、“谷仓亭”，傣族的“红瓦竹屋”，苗族的“芦笙坪”具风采。侗乡深处的妙曼歌声，民族餐厅的民族菜肴、歌舞表演、服饰展演、风情服务，形成“大龙潭”特有的文化氛围。公园自1993年以来，每年都举办“大龙潭中秋夜大型综艺演出”和春节的文化活动暨“雷塘庙会”，此外还举办了“大龙潭生态健康游”、“东南亚国际旅游美食节”、“春之郁金香旅游文化周”等大型活动，吸引了大量游客。主要景观有：双潭烟雨、龙潭虎跃、鲤鱼嘴贝丘遗址、雷塘庙、雷塘祷雨文碑亭、张翀钓台、雷山摩崖石刻、春花岛、美女照镜、龙潭风雨桥、侗乡深处、侗寨鼓楼、瑶寨、壮寨等30多个。

广西柳州大龙潭公园雷潭里的水清澈见底。人们喜欢撒些鱼料引来鱼群，鱼群为了抢食争先恐后，往往形成很大的鱼群，此举留住了很多游客的脚步。广西柳州大龙潭公园山清水秀，是许多游客的首选。

尊敬的各位游客，你们好!

今天我们来到风景秀丽的云南丽江古城。丽江古城位于玉龙雪山脚下，丽江古城的一大特点是没有城墙。请问各位游客，您见过那座古城没有城墙呢?恐怕没有吧。这就是丽江古城的最大特点。原来，因为丽江古城的首领姓木，他想，木围上就围墙不就是困了。他觉得这个字不吉利。就不要围墙了。可能有的人要问了，如果没有围墙，可能就会受到异族的侵略了。到那时没有防范措施怎么办?这个不用担心，丽江古城是四面环山，山又很高。可以将山当作最大的围墙。所以不用担心异族的攻击。

现在，我们看到丽江古城的两座大风车，他们叫母子轮。大的是妈妈，小的是儿子，怎么样，形象吧?我们在向前走，这个广场就是四方街了。四方街是一条历史悠久的街道。它可是茶马古道的必经之路。在这我们顺便讲讲茶马古道的故事。茶马古道是一条运盐巴，茶叶的道路，它从香格里拉一直到。因为路上很危险，运输的队伍又经常遇险或被异族的人抢了货物杀害。所以，至今还有很多人记得他们。

再往前走，这座八角宝塔型的建筑就是丽江古城的木府。它是丽江首领居住的地方，所以人们现在一直还保留着。丽江古城的景点很多，一定要细细游览。

大家好，我是“心随快乐”旅行社的导游，我叫杨宸旭，大家可以叫我小杨。今天将由我来带领大家游览神奇而美丽的丽江古城，希望带给大家一个愉快舒心的旅程。

现在在车上，我先给大家简单的介绍一下我们今天的游览景区——丽江古城，丽江古城，是云南自治县的中心，是纳西族的故乡。古城位于县境中部，海拔约2400余米，是一座历史悠久，文化灿烂的名城。到古城里后，我们会感到一种古典的没，一种远离城市喧嚣的宁静，一种惬意的感觉会由心而生。

现在，我们已经来到了我们的目的地——丽江古城。大家可以瞧瞧脚下走的路，你会发现，古城的路都是由青石板铺成的，很是别具一格。此时，我们走的是丽江古城中最古老的一条路。它不知经历了多少风风雨雨，路面已被磨光如镜了。从中，充分体现了丽江古城的悠久历史和古老的躯体。

这里的路边会有很多身着民族服装的人们在叫卖，买的都是当地各种各样的土特产。大家可以在周边买东西。但是，要注意，不可以随地乱扔垃圾，古城的美，需要我们每一个人来保护。

大家好，我姓洪，是你们这次游丽江古城的导游，期望大家在这次旅游中玩得开心。

我给大家讲了那么多，大家也看了那么多，但是立刻就要进入古城了，怎样没有看到城门呢?其实各位嘉宾是看不到的，这也是丽江古城的一奇，看不到城门，也看不到城墙，因为古城根本没有城墙和城门，因为纳西族的头领姓“木”如果建了城墙和城门就变成了“困”字，所以古城没有城墙，也没有城门。

进了丽江古城，就看到四方街。四方街如蛛网似的交错，东南西北各有通往它的一条路。四方街由五彩石铺成，脚跟踩在五彩石上，听起来别有一番新意，那声音清脆，有些像银铃的声音。四方街能够说是古城的中心广场，自然装饰的漂亮、有特色啦，就连客栈都十分美丽。四方街客栈位于丽江古城四方街广场的中心位置，具有得天独厚的环境优势。客栈庭院内小桥流水、花木葱郁，继承了千百年来纳西民族的审美情趣，乃天人合一，和谐自然的生活观念。客栈每个房间的设计都独具特色，你能够在四方街里转转，绝对没有哪两个房间是相同的。

到了丽江古城必须要去放一下河灯哟!丽江古城还有一个很个性的习俗，就是放河灯。放河灯是丽江古城一种古老的习俗。据说每一天夜晚，黑龙潭的龙王会顺着玉河水巡游古城，点放一盏河灯为龙王指路照明，不仅仅能保护古城的平安，更能使自我和家人得到龙王的保佑而在今后的日子里吉祥如意、心想事成。这个传说。放一盏河灯，许一个心愿。

丽江古城还有很多地方十分美丽，说也说不净，期望大家有机会去细细游赏。这次大家玩得开心吗?回答是肯定的吧!那下次有机会我还带你们来再次目睹丽江古城的风光!

各位嘉宾，你们好!欢迎你们来到我们美丽的七彩云南，很荣幸能认识大家，我是本次的导游小普，旁边的是我的小伙伴小李，我们很荣幸能为大家导游。我们今日要去的地方呢是被誉为“高原姑苏”、“东方威尼斯”的丽江古城，也许各位朋友可能会想，小普怎样会口出狂言这样夸赞丽江呢?其实呢我一点都没有夸大，丽江古城就是因为玉泉水贯穿全城，又分为西河、中河、东河，在古城里再分成更多的支流走街过巷，穿墙过屋。街道自由布局，不求工整，主街傍河，小巷临渠，清澈的泉水穿街流镇，穿墙过屋。“家家流水，户户垂杨”的诗句是这个城市的真实写照，所以那里虽然是云贵高原的小镇，却颇有江南水乡的特色。

大研镇

下头我就先给大家说说丽江的历史吧，丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山下，四周青山环抱，城中碧水滢滢，宛如一方碧玉大砚，古时“砚”和“研”相通，于是明代土司将古城改名“大研”，寓意文脉昌盛，人杰地灵之意。

也许未来之丽江之前大家都听说过丽江古城有一个特点，那就是这是一座中国历史文化名城中唯一一座没有城墙的古城，那为什么会没有城墙呢，据说丽江世袭统治者都是姓木，筑城势必如木字加框，而成“困”字，木氏土司因忌讳而不设城墙。

古城始建于南宋后期，距今约有800年的历史。历代均为滇西北政治、经济军事重镇和纳西、汗、藏等个民族经济文化交往的枢纽。中国明代著名旅行家徐霞客曾写到“宫室之丽，拟于王者”同时也是历史上茶马古道的重镇。全城面积3.8平方公里，常住人口3万，纳西族16900人。

丽江古城在1986年被国务院列为国家历史文化名城，1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产，那么到丽江我们游览什么呢?

一、登高揽胜，可看古城形式。古城巧妙的利用了地形，西有狮子山，北有象山、金虹山，被西北而向东南，避开了雪山寒气，接引东南暖风，占尽地利之便。

二、临河就水，古城充分利用泉水之便，玉河水在城中一分为三，三分为九，再分成无数条水渠，洁净而充满灵气。 三、走街入院，可观古城建筑。古城建筑全为古朴院落居民，房屋建造简洁、粗矿，而院落布置和房屋内部建筑丰富而细腻，构成人与自然和谐相处。

四、入市过桥，可一览全城布局。古城布局自由灵活，不拘一格，石桥、木桥、花鸟鱼虫、琴棋书画、民风民俗，生发出无穷意趣，使古城独具无穷乐趣。

古城入口

说话间我们已经来到古城入口了，我们面前的水车，有人说他是母子水车，也有人说它是情侣水车。怎样就没有看到城门呢?其实各位嘉宾是看不到的，这也是丽江古城的一奇，即看不到城门，也看不到城墙，因为古城根本没有城墙和城门，因为纳西族的头领姓“木”，如果建了城墙和城门就变成了“困”字，所以古城没有城墙，也没有城门了。大家请看，这是__题词“世界文化遗产丽江古城”的照壁，端庄秀美。“三坊一照壁”是纳西族民居的建筑特色。往右是水龙柱。反映了当时古城土木结构建筑对防火的重视，这也算纳西先民的智慧。这个是世界遗产纪念碑，标志是由圆圈与方框相连，表示人与自然要和谐统一。下头我们就去古城游览吧!

古城布局

各位嘉宾心目中必须有这样一个问题，象这样的古城在中国有的是，为什么这个高原上的偏僻的古城竟被评上呢?想要得到答案，各位嘉宾请随小黎一同去游览一翻。一条小巷、一户人家，一不细心你就站在了一百年的历史上了，这种感觉，在路上、在各个庭院中，您随处都能感受到。所以这座古城不是因为拍戏或是故弄玄虚而建的，是一座真实的活着的古城，不信您看看脚下，您就会觉得比刚才走的路光滑多了，一块块的五花石板，象是有许多碎石沾在一齐，但它是一种丽江特有的乐角岩，采自周围的山上，因为五颜六色，所以当地人称五花石，人行马踏，经过几百年，磨得光滑透亮，雨水一流，诗意就在你脚下了，这条街就叫新华街。在街道两旁，偶尔会看到一些人家门上贴有不一样颜色的对联，纳西人有人仙逝，都要纪念三年，第一年白联黑字，第二年绿联黑字，第三年贴对联，这是纳西人对死去亲人的怀念，经过一些林立的铺面，清澈的河水，小桥垂柳便印入大家眼帘，而在各位都没有见过的这么清澈的河边看到了一排排的桌椅和一阵阵的音乐传入耳中，这便是客人所谓的“洋人街”，但这条街上的铺面并非洋人所开，那里的酒吧又书生气的，有叛逆性的，有纯生意性的，各人可各取所需。城市里的人到丽江“充电”的方便之处就是在

酒吧找感觉，尤其以外国人为多。有就有朋友，有小桥流水，只要不醉，人生是可找到一刻逍遥的。在经过酒吧街之后便看到了一座小石桥，因为早先在那里卖豌豆，所以称为豌豆桥，桥西的小门楼便是科贡坊，科贡坊的名于坊后小巷，清朝嘉庆年间，巷内杨家有两兄弟同时中举，到道光年间，弟弟又中举，此事是丽江人得意之事，官府为了表彰杨家，激励来者，特立此坊。

站在那里向东望去，眼前一片开阔，这便是中心四方街，四方街是古城的中心广阿场，占地约五亩，为什么叫四方街，主要有两种说法，一种说法是因为广场的形状很象方形的知府大印，由土司取名叫四方街，取“权镇四方”之意，也有人说那里的道路通向四面八方，是四面八方的人流，物流集散地，所以叫四方街，那么四方街为什么这样有名呢?如果说我国北方又一条世界闻名的贸易通道——丝绸之路的话，我国南方也有一条被称为“茶马古道”的贸易通道，它是藏区以及丽江的马匹、皮毛、藏药等特产和南方的茶叶、丝绸、珠宝等商品的一条贸易通道，丽江古城是茶马古道上的重镇，四方街则是这个重镇的贸易中心，从古到今，四方街都是一和露天集市，这个集市从开始至今有三百年的历史，要体会到四方街的一天才能领略到其中的奥妙，清晨，早起的人们开始买早点，是朦朦胧胧正在伸赖腰的四方街;午，买铜、买山货、买小吃的商贩组成繁荣的市面，这是精力旺盛的四方街;天刚黑，生意人回家了，又经过一次摩擦的五花石板还剩着人和阳光的余温，在桥头晒太阳的老人换成了孩童嬉戏，两侧酒吧又透出夜色的油光，这是化了妆的四方街;凌晨两点左右，四方街人去街空，小巷深不测，仅有流水之声高低起伏，这是素面朝天的丽江。接

下来让我的小伙伴小李，继续带大家讲解浏览!

古城民居

下头我们前往“纳西四合院”参观!古城民间在广泛吸收汉、白、藏等民族的建筑文化的同时，也把本民族的建筑文化和审美意识融于其中，构成许多具有纳西特色的“三坊一照壁、四合五天井”的样式。前后院一进数院的建筑形式，在门楼、前楼的设置，天井铺地、六合门及其装饰灯方面构成了浓郁的地方的色和民族特色。说到这我们走进去看看吧，那里的“四合五天井”就是东南西北四坊房屋，每相邻两坊之间有一个小天井，再加上中间的大天井共五个天井，所以叫“四合五天井”。着四坊房屋的楼上楼下都是想通的，所以也叫“走马转角楼”。

朋友们可能会问，纳西民居哪一部分最具纳西特色呢?那就是六合门和六合门上的窗芯-“四季博古”了。“四季博古”是纳西语，翻译过来意思是“福包四季”。体现纳西民族对生活的厚望，这六合门，可装可卸，方便灵活，开则为门，关则为窗，平时只开中间的两扇，遇有红白两事、客人较多时，六扇门均可卸下来。窗芯在构图上用名花异卉、吉鸟异兽和完美的典故，寄托纳西人四季吉祥、福禄寿喜、耕读传家的完美意愿。

木府

各位朋友，大家有看过电视连续剧《木府风云》的吧?《木府风云》就是在木府内取景、拍摄的，想必大家在欣赏剧情的同时，也沉醉于丽江的美丽风光和风土人情里了。此刻就让我们真真切切的去木府一览究竟吧!

大家游了古城，游了四方街，如果说四方街是古城的中心，那么，木府就是古城的心脏，也是丽江古城文化的“大观园”了。纳西族姓木的土司曾统治丽江470年，历经元、明、清三个朝代，共沿续了二十三代，建造了这被人称为“丽江紫禁城”的木府。木氏土司对朝廷忠义不贰，曾多次得到皇帝的嘉奖，这忠义坊就是明朝的万历皇帝批准建造的，人称“大理有名三塔寺，丽江有名石牌坊”。

大家请看，那里就是木府了。木府的整体构造，由东往西，就是我们刚刚看到的忠义坊，然后依次是眼前的大门，照壁，议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿、过街楼，光碧楼、玉音楼、三清殿一字排开。

我们此刻看到的木府，是在1996年的七级地震后修建的。这是议事厅，议事厅端庄宽敞，气势恢弘，是土司召见贵客的地方。看，议事厅的门梁上头，高挂着三块牌匾，都写着“诚心报国”四个字，分别是明朝的洪武、永乐、嘉靖三位皇帝的褒奖。那么朝廷为什么如此倚重木氏呢这是因为，纳西族生活在金沙江上游的江湾腹地，北有吐蕃，南有南诏大理。这两大地方势力常常成为中央王朝西南边疆的不安定因素，所以纳西族的向背举足轻重。

这是万卷楼，万卷楼有三层，看，第二层没有窗户，从楼底看不出第二层，所以里面收藏了许多珍贵的书籍。简单地说，这万卷楼，一楼读书，二楼藏书，三楼写书，是一个书藏万卷、书香满屋的地方。此刻你们能够进去自我参观，请遵守馆内秩序，书籍能看不能摸哦!万卷楼后面便是护法殿。它是土司议家事之殿，那里除了摆放有木氏祖先的牌位外，还有长凳、棍棒等体罚的工具，一看就明白那里是木老爷动用家规家法、管教子女的地方了。看来很像平时我们所说的祠堂了。

过了护法殿，走过一条古代的过街天桥，这过街天桥可算是木氏土司因地制宜，以民为本的一个创造。这样的设计，官民相安，互不干涉。让我们登上木府的光碧楼。这是1：300的古城模型，在那里能够清楚地看到古城和木府的全貌。这是玉龙桥，是古城的北入口，这是西河、中河、东河。有谁在古城中迷了路，那么，溯流而上就必须能走到玉龙桥。这些图片表现了丽江丰厚的历史文化和壮美的自然风光，请大家浏览。

大家再往前走，这便是玉音楼，一楼和楼前是土司歌舞宴乐的地方，二楼是供奉凤诏鹤书的地方。大厅内有白沙壁画的复制品。白沙壁画是国家重点文物，它把汉地佛教、藏传佛教和道教融合在一个画面上，让三种宗教同居一室。这种三教合一的做法，在别的地方是少见的。而在丽江，由于以木氏土司为代表的纳西族是一个开放的民族，他们在文化上兼容并蓄，广纳博采。

过了玉音楼，就来到了木府中轴线上的最终一个建筑——三清殿。在那里能够鸟瞰古城和木府，我们能够看到徐霞客笔下的古城“居庐骈集，萦坡带谷”，木府的“宫室之丽，拟于王者”了。

木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术园林，它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采，同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中的古朴粗犷。

游览丽江古城，不应错过还有纳西古乐。纳西古乐这一被国外称为“在中国各地已经失传的音乐”，它由《白沙细乐》和《丽江洞经音乐》两部分组成。纳西古乐经过数百年的发展变化，构成了汉族和纳西族音乐相融合的独特风格，具有浓厚的民族民间色彩。住在丽江古城，夜晚最完美的安排莫过于去聆听纳西古乐了。

好的，游到那里，各位对古城可算是一饱眼福了，我们的旅途也要结束了。在这段欢乐的时光里，咱们浏览了享誉海内外，具有“中国的威尼斯”、“高原姑苏”美称的——丽江古城，多谢大家一路上对我和小普的理解、支持和配合。大家的热情给我们留下了深刻的印象，同时，也期望我们的服务能给大家留下一些完美的回忆。最终，我把祝福送给大家，我也衷心祝愿咱们能够再次重逢，多谢大家!