爵士舞肩部基本功讲解(精彩20篇)

各位游客，我们现在继续往前走，不远处就是人民教育家陶行知少年读书的崇一学堂了，后修建为陶行知纪念馆。新建部分与老馆衔接，仿徽派建筑，给人以情

的熏陶，美的享受，行的启迪，力的源泉。一进大门，宏伟典雅，风格独特的瞻仰厅展现在你的眼前。“万世师表”匾额，金光灿灿，系宋庆龄手迹。陶行知书写的对联“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”，是他终生恪守的人生真谛。正中照壁上“伟大的人民教育家”金色大字，潇洒飘逸，刚劲有力，是对陶行知先生的誉称。纪念馆里面陈列着陶行知先生的著作和他生平事迹的图片、报刊以及世界著名人士的题字，陈设皆存故貌，令人肃然起敬。接下来，我们将要去的是古民居斗山街。斗山街位于歙县城内，因依靠斗山得

名，为文化历史名城一级保护区。斗山街是一处集古民居、古街、古雕、古井、古牌坊于一体的旅游文化景点。建于明清时期的斗山街、有典型的徽州民宅大院，犹如一幅长长的历史画卷，向你娓娓讲述着古老而又凄美的故事。

名城歙县不仅风景如画，人文深厚，而且明清建筑，新安医学，徽州雕刻等也有很高的艺术成就。今天的歙县古城一日游到此结束了!欢迎大家继续走进歙县，祝你们旅途快乐!

家好!我是本次导游赵虹杰，大家必须都明白北京的故宫吧没错!北京故宫是享誉世界的历史遗产，是明、清两代的皇宫，也是世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首。它位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。接下来就让我带大家去游览一番吧……

由天安门进入，穿过一片青砖铺地的广场，便到达紫禁城的正门——午门。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。午门俗称五凤楼，穿过午门，有广阔的大庭院，在3万多平方米开阔的庭院中，有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。到了太和门，就进入了故宫的“外朝”，故宫的建筑依据其布局与功用分为“外朝”与“内廷”两大部分。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是皇帝举行朝会的地方，也称为“前朝”。过桥经过太和门便是雄伟的太和殿。这座殿堂有着一段曲折的故事，听说它被天火焚毁过三次，也修好过三次，并且更神奇的是整座宫殿的建造居然没有一颗钉子!内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心，两翼为养心殿、东、西六宫，绕过内廷，我们最之后到了御花园，御花园里栽满了奇花异草。一路走来，会闻到一阵阵淡淡的花香。是封建帝王与后妃居住所。

游览故宫，能够从天安门进，也能够由后门——神武门进经太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，穿过乾清门，便进入内廷，内廷分中路、东路和西路三条路线。如果是半日游，这三条路线只能游一条，一般可走中路。走中路可看乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫、嫔妃所住的地方和御花园。一般来说，用半天时间游故宫，比较吃力，想要知识更广，大家就再细细去游赏吧!

假如说在卓文君当垆卖酒的时候，司马相如仍能善有始终，这段佳话当会完美无瑕。只是，情何以堪，才子多是风流，美丽如卓文君也未能幸免。“饱暖思欲，饥寒起盗心。”司马相如虽才华出众，也未能免俗。司马相如衣食丰足之后，不但不知珍摄，反而吃着碗里，望着锅里。时常周旋在脂粉堆里，如今已经年逾知命之年，卓文君睁一只眼、闭一只眼，也懒得与他计较。直到司马相如意欲纳茂陵女子为妾，在司马相如的心游移在别的女子身上的时候，她只是用一首《白头吟》来表达了自己对爱情的向往和执着：。

“皑如天上雪，皎若云间月。闻君有两意，故来相决绝。今日斗酒会，明日沟头水。躞蝶御沟上，河水东西流。凄凄复凄凄，嫁聚不须啼。愿得一人心，终老不相负……”。

好一个“愿得一人心，终老不相负”!一个女子的坚定和坚韧尽在其中，也为他们的故事凭添了几分美丽的忧伤。故事到这本应_结束的，只是，情何以堪，男儿多是薄幸，智慧如司马相如也未能逃脱。在被武帝召去五年之后，在两地分居五年之后，司马相如的爱再次迷离，他写了封十三字家书托与文君：。

“一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十，百，千，万”。

文君之悲，无以言表。因为她知道，数字中没有“亿”，表明丈夫已对她无意，只是不好言明。如果换作现在，女孩子多半会“一哭二闹三上吊”!要不就是找妇联、起诉离婚。但是，聪明的文君并没有这样做。她给司马相如写了一封信，托来人带回，信曰：。

“一别之后，两地相思，说的是三四月，谁知是五六年，七弦琴无心弹，八行书无可传，九连环从中折断，十里长亭望眼欲穿，千般念，万般无奈把郎怨。

尊敬的各位领导、老师：大家好!

我是偏坡营中心小学六年二班班主任王兴。

对事业的追求固然有赖于对事业的认识，但更重要的取决于自己的心态和作为。作为一名刚刚从事教育工作的年轻老师，我虽然没有轰轰烈烈的业绩，没有惊天的的壮举，但是能和我的学生鱼水相融，共同成长，却是我最大的收获!我认为教师是一个播种希望、收获梦想的美好职业，值得我以满腔激情去追求。班主任工作是一项复杂的艺术性工作，是一种塑造人的心灵，雕琢人的感情与性格的伟大事业。它不仅需要教师的爱心、耐心与细心，更需要教师的创造力。班主任工作千头万绪，任务艰巨。在工作中，我咀嚼过失败的苦涩，也品尝过成功的甘甜。经历过一次次心灵的历程,我认为做班主任的老师是充实、完美的老师。因为它使自己的综合能力得到了提高。我深知工作的繁杂与艰辛，但我更清楚肩负的责任。所以三个月的工作中我感受颇多。

一、做好每一个第一次

俗话说“万事开头难”。第一节课是教学的关键，而第一节班会课，第一次集体活动是新的班集体迅速形成凝聚力的关键。因此就要充分利用好第一节班会课，20xx年8月7日我正式站在偏坡营中心小学六年二班的讲台上，我能看出大家对我很感兴趣，所以一种自信油然而生!我本着给大家一个宽松，快乐的学习生活环境，但绝不失严厉利的教育思想为主题!让孩子们感到一丝新奇。当我说到上课的时候我是严厉的老师，下课了你们可以把我当大哥哥时，底下一片哗然!孩子们的兴趣好像被这一句话全部牵动了!后来发现大多同学都把这段写进日记了!第一次班会的成功让我和孩子的距离拉近了一大截。我坚信只有让学生对老师，对学科感兴趣了，才能真心向学!我开始主动靠近他们，弹珠子、踢毽球、讲故事、打沙包等等还有许多是我童年没有玩过的新鲜游戏!很快我便融入到这个大家庭里!种种的第一次把我拉进了现实的工作，随着校园生活的深入开展，我提出活动争第一，学习也要争第一的目标，激励学生努力学习，促进学生的全面成长。

二、树立有个性的班主任形象

首先，班主任的形象不能一成不变，而应随情况改变而改变。上课时风趣幽默，但又对纪律要求严格;搞活动时富有激情和感染力，能参与其中使学生情绪高涨;做思想教育时动之以情，晓之以理，语重心长。

其次，要勇于表达观点，要在各方面给学生做榜样。有时要求学生做的事情，他们并不落实，因为总觉得老师与他们有代沟，说的根本没人能做到。班主任可以以自己或自己亲身经历的事现身说法，这样会让学生有亲近感，真实感，更容易去模仿。记得一次班会我以母爱为主题，大部分同学讲的都是自己生病了，母亲非常着急，带着看病，买好吃的等等。我便从自身的经历给大家讲述了我和母亲的过往。同学们的兴趣高涨了许多，当我忍不住掉下泪的时候，其实好多同学已经哭了!爱永远是这世上最动听的诗歌!老师不仅传道授业解惑，更重要的是教学生做人!

再次，批评形式多样，掌握尺度。我们要细心揣摩学生心理，具体问题具体分析。批评他们时的态度有时温和相劝，有时严肃指正，也有雷霆万丈，但最终一定要和风细雨，有理有据，让学生心服口服，才能达到教育的效果。

三、做一个有爱心的班主任

班主任工作比较琐碎、繁杂。我觉得要使一个班级有良好的班风，有强大的凝聚力，一直不断前进，班主任除了做好一些常规工作外，还应有一颗爱心，把自己真正融入孩子们中间，多理解他们，使他们信服班主任，愿意把班主任当作他们的好朋友，愿意与我们多方面地交流思想。“一双眼睛看不住几十个学生，一颗爱心却可以拴住几十颗心。”有一天下班后，我正坐在家里看电视，突然手机响了，我一看是个陌生的号码!写着“老师，我是孟海丽，今天的作业是什么啊?”看看表，快七点了!我心想，这孩子，这时候了才想起写作业!我回过去今天作业的内容。过了十分钟电话又响了，我一看还是她，打开短信写着“老师，怎么能不想妈妈!”看到短信我一下愣住了!什么情况?心里顿时出现了好几种想法!于是我问：“你的母亲呢?”她回：“我妈和我姐姐都到南边打工去了!就剩我爸我俩在家，我爸也不怎么管我，每天还得我做饭。”我的心里顿时像压了一块巨石，无比的沉重。但又有点放松，因为我知道了她的母亲不是去世了!我该怎么说，我从来没遇到过这样的问题!可我心里告诉我必须说点什么，她是我的学生!我又问她和母亲多长时间能见面，她说一年只能见两次。我回道：“现实生活就是这样的，平时你可以多想想你妈妈你俩在一起的时候发生的快乐的事!想想她为什么要出去打工!大人有大人的责任，而你现在最重要的就是把学习弄好，现在的分离是为了以后的团聚。要靠你的双手才能赢得自己的天空!”放下电话，我陷入了沉思，我在想我接下来应该怎么说，我在想如果我是她我该怎么办?好久电话铃又响了!“老师，谢谢你，我觉得自己特别累，我上学很累，回来还得做饭，我现在正炒菜呢!”和我想象中她的回答不一样，我说：“这其实也是你的财富，人总是在挫折中成长，每个困难都是个阶梯，你战胜他，就会站得更高。都说穷人的孩子早当家，你现在所拥有的老师为你感到骄傲!你炒菜肯定特好吃吧，有机会我可得尝尝!”这回她回的很快，说：“那必须的老师，有时间你来我家我给你做!谢谢你啊老师，我爸要回来了，先不说了，有时间再聊.”放下手机我整夜未能平静，我觉得自己的担子无比的沉重!古人云：“人之相交，贵在交心。”所以，通过这件事我明白了我们应该放下老师的架子，和学生成为朋友，去倾听他们的心声，去注意他们的情感变化，是学生感受到老师的关爱。用爱去开启封闭的心灵!

四、懂得赏识和激励每一位学生

班里34个学生各有各的特点，我经过长时间的磨合并和其他老师交流才渐渐掌握，在平时教学过程中，尽量做到因材施教，赏罚分明!使其扬长避短，增强他们的自信心，尽可能的开发他们的潜力。从各个角度多鼓励他们，有时一个鼓励胜过100次责骂!

在教育的道路上，我与孩子们共同成长，在成长的过程中，我不断地发现幸福，感悟幸福，追求幸福，积累幸福，我相信我会是一个幸福的老师，一个幸福的班主任!

各位朋友，誉为“天下第一奇观”和“阿诗玛故乡”的国家重点风景名胜区——石林，位于昆明市东南78公里的石林彝族自治县境内，面积1100平方公里，保护区350平方公里，是世界上唯一地处亚热带高原地区的喀斯特地质地貌奇观，石林景区包括“二林、二湖、二洞、一瀑、一园”八个片区，分别是大、小石林，乃古石林;长湖、月湖;奇风洞、芝云洞;大叠水瀑布;圭山国家森林公园。

石林风景名胜区于1931年建园，经过多年的建设发展，云南石林已与重庆武隆、贵州荔波组合申报成为了“中国南方喀斯特”世界自然遗产，同时它也成为首批世界地质公园、国家级风景名胜区、5A级景区、国家地质公园。

今天我们要游览的石林景区位于整个风景名胜区的中心位置，我们主要游览的是大、小石林两个片区，面积11.92平方公里，行程约6公里，需要游览两个半小时。

石林湖

各位请看镌刻在石柱上的世界地质公园和世界自然遗产徽标。20xx年2月13日，石林被评选为首批世界地质公园，20xx年6月27日，被列为世界自然遗产名录。现在呈现在大家眼前的是著名的“石林湖”。它是根据周恩来建议而修建的。1955年4月，周恩来、陈毅元帅到石林游览，周看到这里的洼地里只有很少的水，再看看石林的景观，说“有山要有水，有水就不枯燥了!”各位请看，在这丛丛石峰中有一石酷似传说中的观音，所以也有人把此湖称为“观音湖”。

芳桥是进入梁洲的主要通道，是湖内历史最久、最大、最有名的一座桥，明代即有记载，几经扩建，遂成现状。桥两端堤岸樱花舒展，金钟伏地，春天红云缀黄，颇似太湖长春赏樱的景象。前方就是湖中最大的陆地—梁洲，史载梁武帝长子昭明太子萧统在那里筑园读书，编纂《昭明文选》，故称为“梁园”。可惜这位风流文采的太子于湖中落水，惊疾不治而终。定名梁洲，就是源于这个历史典故。梁洲是开发建设最早的一个洲，也是历来全园活动的中心场所。每至秋季，几十万株菊花盛开，不是春光，胜似春光，梁洲赏菊成为南京市民的时尚。我们迎面看到的大形盆景花坛，山石嶙峋，松姿盘虬，是一园艺上品。踏上台阶，看到色彩鲜艳的立体花坛，经常变换成大象、熊猫、钟表等造型，是园林工作者向各位游客献艺。中间是遮天蔽日林荫大道，栽植了著名的观赏树种，如雪松、广玉兰、银杏等，绿意盎然。路东侧的白苑餐厅，是一组集楼台亭阁为一体的组合建筑，形式典雅，色彩纯朴，巨树簇拥，迎风对山。那里是玄武湖特色菜肴活鱼宴美食菜馆，活杀活烹，上席后鱼嘴仍在张动，有机会各位不妨尝鲜，可令你大快朵颐。

前方就是盆景展览馆，由展馆、温室、庭园组成。院内陈列各类盆景数以千计，其中全国省市评比获奖作品就有几十盆。历次各种花卉展览的精品都在馆内展出，温室里四季奇花，姹紫嫣红，观叶植物，绿意如诗。漫步庭中，小院春回，修竹绿蕉，洞门漏窗，游此可怡情养性。

出了盆景馆，即是览胜楼、阅兵台。览胜楼建于清末民初，二层四角攒尖，富丽堂皇，时为要人云集联吟结社的风雅场所。阅兵台出于六朝故事，让人们遥想起南朝当年，楼船战舰，樯帆林立的水上阅兵盛况。

Dear passengers

Hello, everyone. Im your tour guide. My name is Zhang Chen. You can callme Zhang guide. This time we are going to a beautiful coastal city, Shantou,Guangdong.

Shantou is located in the vast seaside, a green ribbon like seaside roadbuilt along the coast. The beautiful promenade is built along the road. On thepromenade, the trees become shade, the flowers are in full bloom, and there aremany pavilions and benches for people to rest. In the morning, people can domorning exercises here, watch the sun rise from the sea, and bathe in the warmmorning sunshine here. At noon, people can have lunch and talk here. In theevening, people can enjoy the cool, take a walk and drink tea here. Inparticular, you can enjoy the beautiful night view of this coastal city. Its agood place to go and have a look.

Dear tourists, we are going to the overseas Chinese park at the end ofHaibin road. The park is an overseas Chinese park donated by Mr. Li Jiacheng, afamous overseas Chinese in Chaoshan. It is located on the North Bank of ShantouBay, adjacent to the sea in the south, the seawall belt park "sea viewingcorridor" in the west, and the south side of Lin Baixin Times Square. Uniquesubtropical seaside scenery. It is one of the largest theme parks in ShantouCity. The garden is full of trees, flowers, grass and trees all over the world.There is also a big Ferris wheel, which stands in the bay. Sitting on it, youcan not only have a panoramic view of the overseas Chinese park, but alsoexperience the feeling of flying on the sea. The overseas Chinese park, built onthe coast of the South China Sea, has a unique geographical location and anelegant and pleasant environment. It is a good place for Shantou citizens andforeign tourists to enjoy their holidays and entertainment.

Tourists, we are now in the peoples Square at the end of Haibin road. Itsvery spacious here. You can do what you want. Children can roller skate and playgames here. Especially after 7:30 p.m., when the music starts and the fountaincomes out, peoples square becomes an ocean of joy and a paradise on earth.

There are still many beautiful scenery in Shantou. Its too much to say.How time flies. Tourists, our tour today is over. Well go to other scenic spotstomorrow. Goodbye!

9月22日，我有幸参加了第七届全区青年语文教师课堂教学基本功大赛的听课活动。活动时间是22日到26日，每个盟市分别派两名初中和高中语文教师参加，共有28位教师参加了初中语文课堂教学的展示。

此次语文基本功大赛不仅考查了教师的课堂教学能力，还要求教师在朗诵和写作上一拼高下，全面展示个人风采。这使我意识到，语文的基本素质不只是听说读，还有写。在作文课上，我们不断要求学生写出真情、写出感悟、写出人生、写出文采。可试想有一天，有人给语文教师提出同样的要求时，我们是否能从容面对?知不足方能进取，只要我们能意识到问题的所在，就能找到解决的办法。

现在课堂教学有这么一种现象，只要是重要的课堂教学活动，就必须有多媒体课件，这似乎成了一条不成文的规定。这次会议就提到了多媒体课件的应用问题，鉴于语文教学的特殊性，对语文教学的帮助是十分有限的，做好了，锦上添花，做不好，画蛇添足。多媒体教学不应冲淡学生对文本的理解与感悟，束缚了学生的想象力。所以，多媒体课件应少而精。与其把大量时间用在做课件上，不如把课准备的更充分一些，更细致一些。

前面说到大部分教师的写作基本功不是很扎实，对学生的指导也只是照本宣科，流于形式。加之作文教学耗时长，见效慢，吃力不讨好，所以教师在上作文课时都是先说说要求，再读读范文，剩余的时间由学生自由发挥。等到点评时，教师选择其中优秀的作文大加表扬，稍差者提携鼓励，至于一无是处者则保持沉默，不置可否。长此以往，优者恒优，差者恒差，作文的指导意义消失殆尽，唯留恐惧于差者心中，挥之不去。我们的作文教学，既不是在培养作家，也不是在选拔秘书，所以没有必要优胜劣汰，而是尽力使每一位学生具备基本的写作常识和技能。在他们走向社会之后，可以合理的利用这一工具完成日常的工作，就可以了。没有必要彰优显差，判出高下。

作为教师，每个人的情况不尽相同，性别之分，美丑之分，气质之分，学养之分，魅力之分，在教学当中会产生不同的影响。有些是正面的，有些是负面的，所以我们教师应发扬我们的优点，正视我们的缺点，通过优化组合，努力营造出最佳的教学氛围。通过这次学习，我深切的感受到：形象好气质佳的教师更容易获得学生与评委的好感，课堂效果比较理想;那么形象气质稍差者，只有不断加强个人修养和提高个人学识水平，才能赢得学生的尊重和喜爱。

首先，我们对教学改革应有一个清醒的认识，并不是说改革之后，旧的教学体系全是错误的，只能说某些方面已不能适应新的社会环境，需要做出调整和创新，这里就有一个扬弃的过程，并且需要具体问题具体分析。那么以什么为标准呢?在这次会议上提出了一个课堂效率的问题，就是在有限的时间里尽可能给学生灌输有用的信息。只要是课堂效率高，就是最好的教学方法。

其次，我们在备课的过程中，不仅备教材，还要备学生，二者相辅相成，不可偏废。有一种现象必须重视，有部分教师依靠参考书的问题去征服学生，只要学生拥有了同样的武器，进行顽强的抵抗，教师就会节节败退，不知所措。

再次，语文虽不像数学那样严谨，一是一二是二，但也有很多可以量化的概念，如识字数量，作文字数，阅读字数等等。所以，我们应根据中考的要求，把每学期的教学任务进行量化，达标即可。否则学无止境，教师和学生不知学到何时是个尽头，厌学和厌教是迟早的事。

总之，短短的几天学习时间很快就过去了，值得回味的东西却很多。也许这只是一个开始，一个美好的开始，更多的问题还需要认真和缜密的思考，其实结果并不重要，只要享受过程，就可以了。

满天星位于吉林省延边朝鲜族自治州汪清县东南部，行政区划为百草沟镇，林政管理隶林业局,是森林型公园。区内有八大景区、三十六个景点，环抱在群山绿之中，具有“水旷、山幽、雪佳、林秀”的特点，最为美丽的天星湖湖身十八公里，蜿蜒美妙，展布开是一个佳景荟萃、神秘幽深的原始画廊，又是一个自然纯净、不染纤尘的休闲之地，在延边州内的风景中独具山水特色。

满天星风景区是由满天星水库为主体构成的，位于汪清县百草沟镇境内，形状如一条张开大口的蝮蛇，盘踞在丛山密林里，下衔百草沟遗址。

景区内植被茂密，森林覆盖率达到90%，湖的基底是坚实的山体岩石，没有泥土混杂;湖水依靠原始森林里中的山水和地下涌出泉水来补充，清澈见底，泛蓝飘绿，如玉似胨。湖滨旁幽深恬静，倒映着巍峨的山峦，湖中央波光粼粼，犹如飘落的满天繁星，远眺幽深，近观灵秀，湖光山色形成了开朗、大气磅礴的北国风光。

百草沟遗址是战国至魏晋时期沃沮仁的遗存，是东北东部山区青铜-铁器时代中最有代表性的遗存。其文化内涵丰富，较全面的反映了沃沮人的社会生活，以及同周邻文化乃至同中原文化的联系，对研究中国东陲开发历史具有极高的历史和科学价值。 旅游区域所在地区的具体部位、进出交通、与周边旅游集散地和主要旅游区十分便利。

遗址位于水库旁百草沟镇安田村东嘎呀河右岸的台地上。地势平坦。东起嘎呀河岸，西至窟窿山脚下，南侧为满天星风景区，东部的扣锅顶子山和西部的窟窿山形成了两道天然的屏障，遗址西北2华里处新华闾村后北山坡上有一处与遗址同一时期的墓葬。汪延公路从遗址偏西部穿过。

遗址东西长约1500米、南北宽约500米、面积约75万平方米。遗址的年代跨度较长，文化内涵极为丰富。文化层厚0.8米-1.5米不等，分为上下两个文化层，上层为铁器时代，下层为青铜时代，在两个文化层中均发现有半地穴式房址及灰坑等。出土遗物数百件，有陶器、石器、玉器、铜器、铁器、骨器及卜骨等。

百草沟遗址保护范围及建设控制地带内，除原有一条公路穿过，没有任何乱建房、乱挖渠、乱取土现象，保存基本完好。汪清县文物管理所，设有专职工作看护，是保存较为完整的古代遗迹。

徽州古城景区是中国历史文化名城歙县的核心，是徽州府治所在地，古城五峰拱秀，六水迴澜，山光水色，楚楚动人。景区内古民居群布局典雅，古桥、古塔、古街、古巷、古坝、古牌坊交织着古朴的风采，犹如一座气势恢宏的历史博物馆。徽州古城景区辖六个景点：东方凯旋门——许国石坊，徽商花园——新安碑园·太白楼，江南第一街——斗山街，徽商之源—渔梁古埠，徽州大观园——徽园，全国爱国主义教育基地——陶行知纪念馆。

太白楼位于太平古桥西侧，为黄山至千岛湖途中必经之地。该楼为双层楼阁，挑梁飞檐，为典型徽派建筑，楼内陈列有历代碑刻，古墨迹拓片，古今名人楹联佳名。相传，唐天宝年间，诗人李白寻访歙县隐士许宣平，结果在练江之畔失之交臂，后人为纪念此事，便在李白饮酒的地方建起了这座太白楼。游客登楼可以饱览城西山光水色、古桥塔影。

新安碑园紧邻太白楼，此景区将碑园与园林溶为一体，整个建筑依山就势，多式花墙、漏窗、洞门相互通透，碑廊曲折起伏蜿蜒二百多米。高处立亭，洼处蓄池，竹影婆娑，为徽州私家花园的风格，其园筑于披云峰上，有峰有楼有水，虽然咫尺之地，却是博大胸怀，饶有山野情趣。

Dear guests, Hello! Im Wang Ping, the tour guide accompanying you. You canjust call me Wang Dao. On behalf of Anhui travel agency, Id like to extend mywarm welcome to you and wish you a successful tour. If you have any questionsduring todays tour, you are welcome to raise them in time. I must follow theprinciple of reasonable and possible to make your trip happy.

First of all, welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Next, let me introduce thegeneral situation of Jiuhua Mountain.

During the reign of Tang Tianbao, Li Bai wrote a poem "once upon a time onJiujiang River, looking at Jiuhua peak in the distance, green water hanging onthe Tianhe River, showing off Hibiscus" and "Jiuzi mountain" was renamed "JiuhuaMountain" from then on.

It is a national 5A tourist area, a national courtesy tourism demonstrationsite, one of the three famous mountains in Anhui Province, and one of the fourfamous Buddhist mountains in China. It is also known as the "dizang BodhisattvaTaoist center" in the world, known as "the first mountain in Southeast China"and "Lianhua Buddhist kingdom".

Jiuhua Mountain has beautiful scenery and numerous ancient temples. Thereare 99 existing temples, of which 9 are national key temples.

We are now at the center of Jiuhua street. What you can see is Huachengtemple, kaishanzu Temple of Jiuhua Mountain. The name of Huacheng temple comesfrom the story of "Huacheng refers to the earth" in Buddhist scriptures.Huacheng temple is the oldest ancient temple of Jin Dynasty in Jiuhua Mountain,and it is the "total jungle" of Jiuhua Mountain. Hanging on the temple foreheadis the horizontal plaque of "Jiuhuashan historical relics museum" inscribed byZhao Puchu. The ancient clock in the temple is more than ten feet high andweighs about 20__ Jin. It is exquisitely cast and has a loud voice. "Huachengevening clock" has become one of the "Jiuhua ten sceneries".

Looking up, the hall built on the cliff is the famous "centenary Palace".Now lets take the ground cable car to visit the centenary palace!

On the plaque of the centenary palace, the ten gold characters of "bestowthe centenary palace, protect the country and Wannian Temple" were inscribed byLi Yuanhong, President of the Beiyang government. According to records, in theWanli period of the Ming Dynasty, a monk named flawless came to Jiuhua Mountainat the age of 26 and spent a hundred years of hard work in Motianling, Dongyapeak. Three years after his death, his body was found in the cave. The monk onthe mountain believed that he was reincarnated as a living Buddha, so he offeredhis body in gold. Emperor Chongzhen of the Ming Dynasty granted him the title of"Yingshen Bodhisattva" when he understood that this body was a monk withouttime.

Next, lets go to the rooftop. We have to pass fenghuangsong scenic spot togo to the rooftop. Fenghuangsong is located in the Min garden of JiuhuaMountain, which is a major landscape of Jiuhua Mountain. Please see, the pine is7.68 meters high and 1 meter diameter at breast height. It has a peculiar shape,just like the phoenix spreading its wings, so it is called Fenghuang pine. Thehistory of this pine was recorded in the southern and Northern Dynasties, and ithas a history of 1400 years. It has the reputation of "the first pine in theworld".

The scenic spot of Jiuhua is located on the Tiantai Mountain. Tiantai peakis the main peak of Jiuhua Mountain, with an altitude of more than 1300 meters.There is a saying that "if you dont climb the Tiantai Mountain, you will notcome.". From the rooftop of Jiuhua street, about 15 kilometers to Huali mountainroad, the surrounding mountains are crawling, and the surrounding rocks aregrotesque. The inscription of "non human" on a huge stone really makes peoplefeel like they are in Penglai fairyland. Tiantai "holding the sun Pavilion" towatch the sunrise is no less than Mount Tai. Therefore, "Tiantai xiaori" islisted as one of the "ten sceneries of Jiuhua".

Now we come to the body Hall of shenguangling, where the body ofjinqiaojue, the Bodhisattva of Tibetans, is worshipped. Because of his commonsurname Jin, he was honored as "jindizang".

During the Kaiyuan reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Jinqiaojue, a 24-year-old king of Silla, crossed the sea to seek Dharma in China.He boarded Jiuhua via Nanling and other places. He chose a cave to live andpractice in a secluded place deep in the mountain.

Jin qiaojue devoted himself to training for 75 years. At the age of 99, hepassed away in Jiuhua Mountain. After three years of the letter, it still "lookslike life, with soft hands and a sound at Luojie, like shaking a golden lock".The monks believed that he was the incarnation of the Bodhisattva, so they builta stone pagoda to worship him and called him "jindizang" Bodhisattva.

As a result, Jiuhua Mountain became a Taoist center of dizang Bodhisattva,and thus became famous in China and even the world. It gradually became a holyland of dizang Yinghua, which was called together with Manjusri of WutaiMountain, Puxian of Emei Mountain and Guanyin of Putuo Mountain.

This hall is majestic and majestic. It is a tower hall type building,covered with iron tiles, with palace style eaves at the four corners. You haveto climb 81 steps to enter the hall. Look at these two plaques, which read "thepalace of the flesh" on the top and "the first mountain in the Southeast" on thebottom. The hall is three rooms wide with white marble on the ground. In thecenter of this 1.8-meter-high White Jade Pagoda, there stands a seven storyeight sided wooden pagoda. There are niches on eight sides of each floor of thetower, and each niche is dedicated to a gold statue. Outside the wooden pagodais a white jade altar with a standing statue of Yama in the ten halls holding aGUI in both hands. At the four corners of the base of the pagoda, there are thetop beams of the pillars, and inside the pagoda are the three-level stonepagodas dedicated to the body of the golden earth. In front of the tower is ahollow octagonal glass lamp, which is always bright.

Well, tourists, todays tour is over. Thank you very much for your supportand cooperation in my work. Welcome to visit again!

台州是浙江省下辖地级市。台州汗青久长，5000年前就有先民在今生息繁衍。先秦时为瓯越地。秦代，属闽中郡。1994年8月22日，国务院核准取消台州地域和县级黄岩市、椒江市，设立地级台州市和县级椒江区、黄岩区、路桥区。境辖椒江、黄岩、路桥3区与临海、温岭2市和玉环、天台、仙居、三门4县。市人民当局驻椒江区。

台州市地处浙江省沿海中部，东濒东海，南邻温州，西连丽水、金华，北接绍兴、宁波。陆地总面积9411平方公里，领海和内水面积约6910平方公里，台州市的地理位置得天独厚，居山面海，平原丘陵相间，形成“七山一水二分田”的名堂。

台州是海洋大市，韩语导游词，海洋面积辽阔，资源富厚。有6个县(市、区)濒海，面积大于5平方千米的岛屿695个。10米等深线以内浅海面积达4054.1平方千米，居浙江省首位。台州拥有8万平方千米的大陆架海疆和280平方千米可扶养殖的浅海滩涂，渔业资源异常富厚。

台州____年实现出产总值3558.13亿元，按可比价值计较，比上年增添6.5%。个中，第一财富增进值230.63亿元，增添3.4%;第二财富增进值1573.41亿元，增添3.5%;第三财富增进值1754.09亿元，增添10.1%。

台州市地处浙江省沿海中部，东濒东海，南邻温州，西连丽水、金华，北接绍兴、宁波。陆地总面积9411平方公里，领海和内水面积约6910平方公里，台州市的地理位置得天独厚，居山面海，平原丘陵相间，形成“七山一水二分田”的名堂。阵势由西向东倾斜，南面以雁荡山为屏，有括苍山、大雷山和天台山等首要山峰，个中括苍山主峰米筛浪高达1382.4米，是浙东最岑岭。椒江水系由西向东流经市区入台州湾。沿海区有椒北平原等三大平原为台州首要产粮区。大陆海岸线长约740公里，岛屿928个，海岛岸线长约941公里，岛陆域面积约273.76平方公里，首要有台州列岛和东矶列岛等。最大岛屿为玉环岛，现与大陆相连，生齿569万，个中市区生齿152万。市区由椒江、黄岩、路桥3个区构成，辖临海、温岭2个县级市和玉环、天台、仙居、三门4个县。

台州是海洋大市，海洋面积辽阔，资源富厚。有6个县(市、区)濒海，面积大于5平方千米的岛屿695个。10米等深线以内浅海面积达4054.1平方千米，居浙江省首位。台州拥有8万平方千米的大陆架海疆和280平方千米可扶养殖的浅海滩涂，渔业资源异常富厚。披山、大陈、猫头三大渔场南北相连，3大渔场盛产大黄鱼、小黄鱼、带鱼、鲳鱼、鳓鱼、马鲛、海鳗、石斑鱼、墨鱼等数十种经济鱼类，以及对虾、梭子蟹和大量的贝壳类海产物。开拓操作的浅海滩涂，除了出产海带、缢蛏等传统的海产物外，还大量养殖石斑鱼、黄鱼、真鲷、黑鲷、鲍鱼、鲈鱼、青蟹、河鳗、甲鱼等。

台州属中亚热带季风区，四序理解。夏日受热带海洋气团节制，酷热多雨，为热带天气特性。冬季受极地大陆气团节制，气候温凉，具亚热带天气特性。天气均匀气温低于10℃为冬季，高于22℃为夏日，介于10℃—22℃之间为春秋季。夏日始于5月尾至6月上旬，止于9月下旬—10月初，长达4个月阁下。冬季始于11月下旬末—12月上中旬，止于3月下旬，一连3—4个月，以西北部丘陵山地为长。秋季始于9月下旬后期—10月初，止于11月下旬末—12月上旬，一连2个月多。春季，西北部始于3月下旬，其他各地始于3月上中旬，止于5月下旬后期至6月上旬，别离达2个月。

福州这座具有2200多年历史的古老城市中心，坐落着这片遐迩闻名的三坊七巷历史文化街区。它占地约40公顷，由三个坊、七条巷和一条中轴街肆组成，分别是衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊；杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷和南后街，因此自古就被称为“三坊七巷”。

三坊七巷起于晋，完善于唐五代，至明清鼎盛，古老的坊巷格局至今基本保留完整，是中国都市仅存的一块“里坊制度活化石”坊巷内保存有200余座古建筑，其中全国重点文物保护单位有九处，省、市级文保单位和历史保护建筑数量众多，是一座不可多得的“明清建筑博物馆”。

三坊七巷因地灵而人杰，这里一直是“闽都名人的聚居地”林则徐、沈葆桢、严复、陈宝琛、林觉民、林旭、冰心、林纾等大量对当时社会乃至中国近现代进程有着重要影响的人物皆出自于此，使得这块热土充满了特殊的人文价值和不散的灵性及才情，成为福州的骄傲。

各位旅客朋友们：

大家好，欢迎大家远道而来到四川做客。我是你们的导游艺琳，我们今天要去的地方是九寨沟。九寨沟位于四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州九寨沟县内，是白水沟上游的支沟。九寨沟海拔约在20xx米——3200米。因为沟内分布着108个湖泊，听着就觉得是《水浒传》的108个好汉，所以又有“童话世界”之誉。

旅客们，我们现在来到了九寨沟入口。刚进入口，大家就可以看见许多湖水、飞瀑。湖、泉、瀑、滩连缀一体，飞动与静谧结合，刚烈与温柔相挤。真是“九寨归来不看水”咱们看的就是水。

九寨沟还有很有名的四大景点：宝镜岩、盆景滩、芦苇海和五彩池。我们今天要去盆景滩。

那么我们现在已经到达盆景滩，藏语叫做甲珠措。由于浅滩似个大盆景，所以叫盆景滩。水中生活着许多喜爱水性的植物：杜鹃、杨柳。松树、柏树、高山柳……它们在水中摆出各种姿态：有的婀娜多姿，有的随风摆动、翩翩起舞……瞧!每一株下都有一个盆状的钙化堆积，滩中又有怪事点缀其中，加之又无人工雕琢，使这一株株树木如盆景一半矗立在水中，惹人喜爱。这正是告诉着大家九寨之美、自然之美。

好，现在大家自由活动。不要在景点乱扔垃圾。10点我们会入口集合。

Dear tourists, we are going to Jiuhua Mountain right now. Lets listen toXiao Ke first. Ill give you a brief introduction, so that when we arrive, wecan visit more quickly.

Jiuhua Mountain, located in Qingyang County, South Anhui Province, is oneof the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. Liu Yuxi, a writer of the TangDynasty, praised Jiuhua Mountain after climbing it. He thought that the famousmountains in the world could not compete with Jiuhua Mountain. Li Bai went toMount Jiuhua three times. Jiuhua Mountain is characterized by beautifulmountains and numerous Buddhist temples.

To visit Jiuhua Mountain, you should first go to Jiuhua street, which isthe center of Jiuhua Mountain. Temples are mainly concentrated there, so it iscalled "Lotus Buddha kingdom". It is actually a village on the mountain. Besidestemples, there are shops, schools, hotels and farmhouses. Visitors can staythere and take it as a starting point to visit the scenic spots on themountain.

Huacheng temple on Jiuhua street is the oldest ancient temple of JinDynasty in Jiuhua Mountain. It is also the main temple of Jiuhua Mountain. Thearchitecture of the temple is arranged according to the mountain situation,reflecting the superb art of architectural design. In the temple, there is anancient clock which is more than ten feet high and weighs about 20__ Jin. It isexquisitely cast and has a loud voice. It is struck with a mallet. The solemnand clear sound of the bell reverberates in the valley, which often makes peoplefeel extraordinarily refined. "Huacheng evening clock" has become one of the"Jiuhua ten sceneries".

Jiuhua scenery is on the roof. Tiantai peak is the main peak of JiuhuaMountain, with an altitude of more than 1300 meters. There is a saying that "ifyou dont get on the roof, you dont come.". From the rooftop of Jiuhua street,about 15 Huali mountain road, along the road through many scenic spots. When youare out of breath and reach the top of the roof, the scenery in front of youwill make you open-minded and tired. All around the mountains crawling, lookingat Jiuhua street, only palm so big.

Well, here we are. We all get off the bus and follow Xiao Ke into thescenic spot. We must pay attention to our team flag. Dont fall behind or go tothe wrong team.

hello everyone! Hard work all the way! First of all, on behalf of thetravel agency, I would like to welcome you to Fuzhou, the capital of FujianProvince. Im a tour guide of CTS. My family name is __. You can call me Xiao Xor director X. Next to me is our driver, Mr. Chen. Mr. Chen and I will serve youthese two days. We will try our best. I hope my work can get your strong supportand our service can make your trip to Fuzhou leave a good memory.

Fuzhou is a famous city with a history of more than 2200 years. In the 13thyear of Kaiyuan of Tang Dynasty, Fuzhou was established as the capital ofFuzhou. In the second year of Liang Kaiping in the Five Dynasties, King Shenzhiof Fujian expanded the city and enclosed the beautiful Wushan, Yushan andPingshan into the city. From then on, Fuzhou became a unique city with"mountains in the city and cities in the mountains". "Three mountains" becamethe alias of Fuzhou.

Located in the lower reaches of Minjiang River in the east of FujianProvince, Fuzhou is the political, economic and cultural center of FujianProvince. The total area of the city is 11968 square kilometers, including 1043square kilometers in the urban area, and the total population is more than 4.8million, including 1.16 million in the urban area. Fuzhou is also known as "thecity of banyan" because it was planted with banyan trees more than 900 yearsago. At present, it has jurisdiction over five districts of Gulou, Taijiang,Cangshan, Mawei and Jinan, and two cities and six counties of Fuqing, Minhou,Luoyuan, Lianjiang, Changle, Pingtan, Minqing and Yongtai. The residents aremainly Han nationality, and there are more than 20 ethnic minorities, such asshe, man, Miao and Hui. Fuzhou is a warm and humid subtropical monsoon climatewith pleasant climate and evergreen trees. The annual average temperature is19.6 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month is 10.5 ℃, the averagetemperature in the hottest July is 28.6 ℃, and the average annual precipitationis 1342.5mm. The best travel season is from April to November every year. Thereis a famous hot spring in the city.

Members of the group, what Im going to talk about today is the treasure ofancient architecture in Ming and Qing Dynasties in Fuzhou -- three lanes andseven alleys.

Sanfangqixiang is located in the center of the city. It is adjacent tobay17 North Road in the East, Tonghu road in the west, Yangqiao road in thenorth, Jibi lane and Guanglu square in the south. It covers an area of about 40hectares and has 3678 households with a population of more than 14000. Threelanes and seven alleys are the abbreviation of ten alleys arranged from north toSouth on both sides of nanhou street. Three lanes are Yijin lane, Wenru lane andGuanglu lane; seven lanes are Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane,Anmin lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane. Due to the reconstruction of Jibi lane,Yangqiao lane and Guanglu lane into roads, only two lanes and five lanes arepreserved. Even so, in this residential area with a long history, there arestill rich cultural relics and historic sites, including a number of formerresidences of celebrities and buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties. In thisresidential area, there are many lanes, stone slabs, white walls and greentiles, strict structure, exquisite houses and ingenious craftsmanship, whichembody the characteristics of Minyue ancient city. It is a gathering place ofMinjiang culture, and is regarded as a large-scale museum of Ming and Qingancient architecture by the architectural circles.

"Three lanes and Seven Alleys" is the main symbol of Fuzhou, a famoushistorical and cultural city of China. It is known as the Museum of ancientarchitecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Chen Yan, a modern poet, said: "whoknows that the five willows are solitary pines, but they live in three lanes andseven alleys." This is about the origin of "three lanes and Seven Alleys".

The folk customs of three lanes and seven alleys are also therepresentative of Fuzhou folk customs. Many festival and custom centers areoften concentrated in three lanes and seven alleys, which include folk beliefs,festival activities at the age of, folk customs in buildings, etc.

"Moonlight shines on the pond; riding a bamboo horse across the pond; itshard to cross the depth of the pond. Wait for my sister to take a boat to meetLang. Ask long Lang, short Lang and when will Lang return? " This is a folk songwritten by Chang Gung, an observer of the Tang Dynasty. It has brought manychildhood memories to generations of people living in three lanes and sevenalleys. Until now, especially the older generation is still excited to hear thiscatchy folk song.

Three lanes and seven alleys are famous for its nearly 300 ancientresidential buildings of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ancient streets, completelanes, ancient rivers, ancient bridges and ancient banyan trees have formed asimple and distinctive traditional style, which has aroused the wide interest ofmany experts in cultural relics and Archaeology at home and abroad, and hasbecome a must for tourists to come to Fuzhou. It can be said that she is "rarein China, only in Jiangnan". The three lanes and seven alleys of overseasChinese in Fuzhou are their haunted and unforgettable hometown.

The road of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" is definitely a small road.Maybe it has been so small for hundreds of years that it can only walk two sedanchairs side by side. However, "the mountain is not high, the immortal is thespirit!" the road is not big, and some people are famous. It is from such alleysthat how many celebrities and heroes have emerged in the past dynasties? Theywent out of the deep alleys, to the land of Fujian, to all corners of the world,and achieved a great cause. They are proud of them.

The ancient architectural features of the three lanes and seven alleys aremainly shown in the following aspects: stone slab deep alleys, green tiles andpowder walls, various kinds of exquisitely carved door covers, wind and firewall style multi entrance courtyards. From the height of the mansion, it lookslike layers of waves on the sea, and the waves from one place to another aremagnificent and shocking.

Three lanes and seven alleys are not only famous for their ancientbuildings, but also represent the fine tradition of Fuzhou peoples emphasis oneducation and good reading. The prosperity of the imperial examination is alsorare in China. Lu Zuqian, a famous scholar in the Southern Song Dynasty, who isknown as one of the three sages in Southeast China as well as Zhu Xi and ZhangShi, wrote a well-known poem in Fuzhou: "when the road meets ten guests, nineare green, half are old brothers in the same robe. I remember the quiet lightsof the city bridge and the sound of reading in the South and north of the lane." This poem is also a vivid portrayal of three lanes and seven alleys, whichshows the number of scholars in Fuzhou and the vivid scene of studying hard atnight.

"Three lanes and Seven Alleys" is the witness of Fuzhous history; "threelanes and Seven Alleys" is the crystallization of peoples wisdom in MinjiangRiver Basin; "three lanes and Seven Alleys" is the epitome of Fuzhous gatheringof people and culture. It records the historical facts of Min king in the lateTang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, and the experience of emperor zongnan of SongDynasty and Emperor Longwu of Ming Dynasty in Fuzhou. It blew the wind and rainof the 1911 Revolution and spread the influence of the May 4th movement ofBeijing in Fuzhou. There were hundreds of high-ranking officials, scholars andcelebrities living in these lanes. Huang Pu, a famous scholar in Tang Dynasty,Chen Xiang, a neo Confucianist in Song Dynasty, Chen lie, a poet in late TangDynasty, Zheng Xingzhi, a champion, Zhang Jing, a famous Anti Japanese generalin Ming Dynasty, Shen Baozhen, a governor of Qing Dynasty, Yan Fu, a modernenlightenment thinker, etc. all lived in Sanfang Qixiang, and Lin Juemin, afamous martyr in Huanghuagang. When it comes to Lin Juemin, we have to mentionhis book with his wife. Lin Juemin

Dear tourists

Fuzhou has preserved quite a number of lanes that have been formed sincethe Tang and Song Dynasties, and has become one of the important symbols of afamous historical and cultural city.

The "Three Lanes" of "three lanes and Seven Alleys" refer to Yijin lane,Wenru lane and Guanglu lane. The three lanes are located on the west side ofnanhou street, which is connected with the "Seven Lanes" on the east side.

Yijinfang, formerly known as tongchaoxiang. Lu Yun and Lu Zao lived here inthe Xuanhe period of Song Dynasty (1119-1125). Their talent was given away andthey were famous for a time. Lu Yun was the magistrate of Fuzhou and Lu Zao wasthe magistrate of Quanzhou. When they returned to their hometown, they orderedthis square to be "Dijin square". During the reign of Chunxi in the SouthernSong Dynasty (1174-1189), Wang Yang was appointed to Jiangdong for punishment.After retirement, he also lived here and renamed Dijin Yijin to show hisintention of returning home.

Wenrufang, formerly known as shanyinxiang, was originally known asrulinfang, where Zheng mu, a song dynasty wine worshiper, lived. In addition toZheng mu, there are also nine generals, Gan Guobao, the commander of Chinese Taiwan,Zhang Jing, the famous general of Anti Japanese War and the manager of sevenprovinces, Chen Chengqiu, the father of Chen Baochen, the teacher of EmperorGuangxu of Qing Dynasty, Chen Yan, the editor in chief of Fujian Tongzhi, andother famous scholars living in the workshop.

Guanglu square, Cheng SHIMENG, who was the magistrate of Fuzhou in thefirst year of Xining (1068) of the Northern Song Dynasty, often visited theBuddhist temple in the square. When he saw a big rock beside the pool, heclimbed the stone to recite poems, so it was called "Guanglu Yintai", and thesquare was also renamed Guanglu square. The stone carvings of "Guanglu Yintai"inscribed by Cheng SHIMENG still exist today.

The Seven Lanes in the "three lanes and Seven Lanes" are all located in theeast of nanhou street. From north to south, they are Yangqiao lane, Langguanlane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anmin lane, Gong lane and Jibi lane.

各位游客大家好，我是_____旅行社的导游员，我姓____，在接下来的几天当中，我将陪伴大家共同游览北京的名胜风景，希望通过我的讲解，能够是您对北京留下非常美好的印象，同时也希望您能对我的工作提出宝贵的意见。好，现在我们就开始今天的游览行程吧。

故宫占地72万平方米，其中建筑面积为16.3万平方米，南北长961米，东西宽753米，周围有10米高的城墙环绕，还有宽52米的护城河，在四角都建有一座精美的角楼。根据1973年的统计，故宫有大小院落90多座，房屋有980座，共计8704间。明朝永乐皇帝朱棣登基不久，在永乐四年，也就是1420xx年下诏营建北京紫禁城。修建分为两个阶段，第一阶段是从永乐四年开始备料，而第二阶段就是在永乐十五年，1420xx年六月开始动工兴建，历时20xx年，在永乐十八年，1420xx年完工。在建造过程中，征集了全国10万名能工巧匠和民夫100万人，而建筑材料都来自全国各地，比如汉白玉石来北京房山，金砖来自苏州，石灰来自河北易州，五色虎皮石来自河北蓟县盘山，殿基所用的精砖石来自山东临清，松木多来自东北，而楠木多来自四川、云贵、浙江等地，可见当时工程的浩大。故宫基本上是按照明中都皇宫的蓝图而修建的，布局规划遵循了《周礼?考工计》的都城设计礼制：前朝后寝，左祖右社。大致分为南北两个部分，南半部位前朝，北半部则为后寝。前朝是以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，文华殿和武英殿为东西两翼，是皇帝举行朝会的地方。而后寝则是以乾清、交泰、坤宁这后三殿以及东西六宫、御花园为中心，外东路、外西路的建筑为主，是皇帝处理日常政务和后宫皇妃居住、祭祀的地方。左祖右社是这样布局的：在午门外东侧是皇帝祭祖的场所太庙，西侧则是祭社稷的场所社稷坛。按照这种布局建筑而成的故宫就是明清两代24位皇帝的皇宫，其中明朝14位，清朝10位，统治时间总共长达五个世纪。由于它在中国历史上的特殊地位和它精美的建筑群体，所以在1987年被联合国教科文组织收录到了《世界文化遗产名录》当中，成为世界上规模最大、保存最完整的宫殿建筑群。现在在北京有一条贯穿南北的中轴线，被梁思成先生称为伟大的中轴线，全长8.5公里，南起永定门，北到钟楼，其中包括故宫在内的皇城就占了三分之一。这条中轴线也叫做龙脉，线上的景山是内城的中心点，也是故宫的镇山。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢?我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以这里也被叫做紫禁城。这里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。下端有高12米的墩台，正中的墩台上面有门楼，两侧还设有钟鼓亭，东西两侧突出的部分叫观，上部各有廊庑13间，两端还建有重檐攒尖方亭。中央的广场叫阙。在明清两代，这里是朝廷举行颁朔大典和献俘典礼的地方。正中开了三道门，两侧都有掖门，这种做法称为“明三暗五”。五个门洞都有各自的用途：中门是皇帝专用的，或者皇帝大婚的时候，皇后可以从这里入宫，科考三甲也可以从这里入宫;平时，文武百官走左门，宗室王公走右门;掖门只有在大型活动的时候才开，三品以下的官员按照文东武西分别通过东西掖门，外国使节要从西掖门才可以入宫;在殿试的时候，考生分单双号，从东西掖门中通过。

进入午门，我们首先看到的就是内金水河，它自西向东蜿蜒流过太和门广场，上边还有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥了。内金水河的作用不仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是建筑和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

语文教研活动主持词：教师基本功之朗读展示

位老师下午好！

首先，我谨代表空压学校语文组全体教师向各位表示热烈的欢迎和衷心的感谢，感谢大家参与、指导我们的语文教学教研活动。今天教研活动的主题是“语文教师的基本功之朗读展示”。在这个“读”占鳌头的语文世界里，朗读是阅读的起点，教师声情并茂的范读更能让语文学习充满生机。让我们用耳朵来享受，用心灵来聆听。今天的活动分为三个板块，第一，我声飞扬，从低年级开始是我校每位语文老师的朗读展示；第二，心有灵犀，是从高年级开始对第一轮的展示做共鸣点评或者提出建议；第三，由兄弟学校的老师们选出你们认为的三名朗读能手。

首先第一板块我声飞扬：请一年级张亚静老师朗诵童话故事《这儿真好》！

孩童的故事，孩童的语言，孩童的世界，别以为一年级老师只擅长童话，下面这位一年级老师将带给我们俄国文学家高尔基的一首散文诗，这首散文诗虽然历经百年，依然传诵不衰，请听史亚辉朗诵《海燕》。

史老师的朗读伴随着激昂的音乐，让我们进入海燕的世界，海燕的呐喊，喊出了春天的旋律、时代的前奏曲、革命的宣言书，面对大海、乌云、闪感受着海燕给我们带来的生命之美。

经典就是这样，历久弥新，美美朗读都别有不同的滋味，请听二年级郭春霞老师朗诵朱自清的经典之作《匆匆》。

花开花谢，四季轮回，聪明的，请你告诉我，时间怎么就这样匆匆而过呢?让我们抓住她，赶紧来听李亚茹老师朗读的儿童诗歌《真想变成大大的荷叶》。[莲山课~件 ]

我也想变成大大的荷叶站在李老师的课堂里。现在，进入中段教师朗读时间，请听曹迎燕老师朗诵《庐山的云雾》。

刚朗读完的老师大学的专业是信息电子，三年教学是数学，到了这里，她开始学做语文老师，进步的速度和步伐都是无与伦比的，相信她一定也会在语文的世界里流连忘返。

有请我的朗读指导老师王佩朗诵《我爱这土地》。日军侵华，河山沦陷，当王佩在诵读的时候，你会觉得所有的字都站了起来，因为她不是用技巧，而是用的心，心投入其中，朗读就仿佛有了灵魂。请听朱雯雯的《蒲公英》音色甜美、清新自然。请听气势磅礴，汹涌澎湃的《长江之歌》。评委投票评选出三名朗读能手，王佩毫无悬念地拔得头筹，雯文、郭春霞、史亚辉、冯宁宁不相上下。

结束语：今天，我们站在文字里相望，站在文字里相融；美文雅韵，曲水流觞。最远的距离成为最近的咫尺；做语文老师是幸福的，我们可以朗读两千年的诗词歌赋，可以诵读万千世界的经典篇章。今天，不是一个教研活动的结束，而是一个“诗意语文”老师的开始，我们这样阅读着，行走着，步子就变得优雅、从容起来……

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

上海人民广场被誉为“城市绿肺”的人民广场位于市中心，是一个金融行政、文化、交通、商业为一体的园林式广场。下面是小编为大家收集的关于上海人民广场英文讲解导游词，欢迎大家阅读!

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

Brief：

Peoples Square is the biggest public square in Shanghai. It is an awesome area to visit while in Shanghai and it’s a great place to go and see how the people of Shanghai are.

It is the city’s center of politics, economy, culture and art with a group of magnificent buildings like museum, the exhibition hall, and the grand theater.

The crystal-like theater is especially beautiful at night with lights on.

History:

In concession days, together with People’s Park next door, it was a racecourse.

After liberation in 1949, the northern part of the racecourse was built into today’s People Park and the southern part, into the People’s Square.

Location：

Located in downtown Shanghai, the People Square is the largest public square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Fountain

In the center of the square is a 320 sq. meter fountain，named the “Light of the Huangpu River”. It is the first giant music-synchronized "dancing" fountain in the country. Red, blue and yellow sculptures in the fountain portray a beautiful, glowing display, creating a grand sight for those who visit the area.

There are two small squares beside the central square. The east square is called the Rising Sun Square; the west is called the Bright Moon Square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Pigeons

Southwest of the square is a beautiful blue and white home for pigeons! Thousands of pigeons fly from their house to the Squares lawn to meet tourists each day. Their coming promotes a feeling of peace and serenity to all that visit the area.

Spots brief:

To the north of the Square stands a grand building, the City Hall (the Municipal Government Building of Shanghai).

The Shanghai Museum is located south of the Square and directly faces the City Hall.

The beautiful Shanghai Grand Theatre is situated in the northwest part of the Square, and is close to the Government Building.

To the northeast of the Square is the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall.

Shanghai Gallery.

Shanghai Museum

Brief:

Shanghai Museum is a must-see for foreign visitors to Shanghai.

Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its treasures of bronzes, ceramics, Chinese calligraphy and traditional paintings.

Location:

The Shanghai Museum is situated in the heart of People’s Square. Opposite to the City Hall and is surrounded by the moon and sun Corridor.

History:

It was built in the 1930s, formerly occupied by Zhong Hui Bank owned by a Shanghai celebrity Yuesheng Du. In 1952, it was converted into a museum. The new museum building was erected in September 1994 and most of the facilities were installed in 1995. It was entirely opened on October 12 in 1996. The five big gilt characters on the lintel were written by Yi Chen, the first mayor of Shanghai after the founding of new China.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

Appearance

As you view Shanghai Museum from a distance in People’s Square, you will find that the building itself is a work of art, featuring multiple orientations, multi-visual angles and many distinctive characteristics. The elegant construction perfectly combines traditional cultural themes with modern technological innovation. The building uses a round top section to symbolize heaven and a square base representing the earth, implying the Chinese traditional expression of “a round heaven and a square earth”. It is 24 meters high with sever floors, two are underground and five above, covering a total area of 38,000 sqm.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Grand Theatre

Location:

Shanghai Grand Theatre is located to the west of the City Hall in the People’s Square, the citys heart. The Shanghai Grand Theatre occupies an area of 2.1 hectares, facing the Peoples Boulevard in the south. With its unique style and beautiful outlook, the theatre has become a representative building in Shanghai.

History and brief intro:

It is opened to the public on August 27, 1998.The Shanghai Grand Theatre has successfully staged such shows and evenings as operas, musicals, ballets, symphonies, chamber music concerts, spoken drama and the Chinese operas. It has a high reputation both at home and abroad as many high officials and VIPs, both domestic and international, gave the highest praises of the theatre for its perfect combination of art and architecture.

Appearance:

With a total construction area of 62,803 square meters and a total height of 41 meters, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has 10 storeys, 2 for underground, 6 for above ground and 2 top floors. The new style architecture combines the Eastern and Western flavor together. The theatre represents a fine integration of new technology, new craft and new material. It looks like a crystal palace in the light at night.

The lobby of Shanghai Grand Theatre is approximate 2019 square meters with the white as its main tone, which signifies elegant and pure. The floor is made of a rare marble called "Greece Crystal White".

Function:

The Shanghai Grand Theatre has three theatres, a 1,800 seats main theatre for ballet, opera and symphony performances, this lyric theatre is divided into the auditorium, the 2nd-floor, the 3rd-floor and six balconies. The drama theatre has 750 seats and the studio theatre has 300 seats.

In addition to performances, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has a restaurant for tourists with an area of 1,600 square meters and a shopping center for audio-video products with an area of 2,500 square meters. Also there are VIP lounge, which is for government officials to meet world-famous artists and performing groups.

Now it has become an important window of cultural exchange between China and the world and a bridge of artistic ommunication.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall

Location:

It is located in the east of the City Hall.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall has a total floor space of 19 thousand square meters. It fully displays the achievements of Shanghai in city planning and construction and embodies the theme of “city, man, environment, and development”. The Exhibition Hall adopts modern exhibition technology and uses high-tech to achieve an integration of professionalism, knowledge, interest, and art, giving stress to the exhibition of the future of the city. Citizens and tourists can see the changes of the leased territory, the vicissitudes of the Bund, the achievements of Shanghai in urban planning and construction ever since the reform and opening-up of the country, in particular, since the 1990s, and the rapid changes of the Pudong New Area. Above all, they can see the bright future of Shanghai there. The main model of urban planning, which is in the proportion of 1:2019, exhibits the urban geography and scenery in an extent of a hundred and more square meters within the inner elevated ring road. It is the world’s biggest model of urban planning.

This amazing building contains an incredibly accurate model of the city in a couple of decades, complete with every tiny little detail and every single building! The model is huge and incredible. There is also a super-cool rotating statue of Shanghais modern buildings in the lobby.

贵阳古城有"九门四阁"，这文昌阁就是老东门上的一阁。随着社会的发展，古城垣一段段被高楼大厦吞没，惟有这一段城墙，保留着古老的记忆。文昌阁不但是贵阳的，而且是中国的，是中国古建筑的瑰宝。顾名思义，文昌阁供奉的是文昌君，也就是天上的魁星。像这样的宫观阁楼，在贵阳，在贵州，在其他各地都很平常，但贵阳文昌阁却是"平中见奇"，在建筑结构上独具匠心，颇有"点石成金"的奇妙之处。

文昌阁已有400多年的历史了，它始建于明朝万历二十四年(1596)，虽然几经磨难，几次重修，但基本框架始终未改，不失它的原貌。据史书记载，在清代嘉庆年间，贵阳发生了一次较强烈的地震，不少房屋被毁，就连构筑坚固的城墙也在地震中崩塌。文昌阁经受了严峻的考验，仅仅是"阁顶挫斜"，晃动了几下，依然安稳地立在城垣上。人们开始注意文昌阁，探寻它"大难不毁"的奥秘。

文昌阁从外观看以乎看不出什么新奇之处，无非是一座三层三檐的阁楼。再仔细一看，它的底层呈正方形，而第二层和第三层却变成了9个角。把圆周分为9等份倒也不是什么困难的事。可是，这9个角的度数是不等同的，前面3个角的角度仅为30度，其余6个角均为45度。这9角是怎样划分的呢?原来，它是将圆周先作4等分，然后将正面的这一段弧平分3段，又将其余3段弧一分为二，这样便成了不等边九角形。古建筑学专家告诉我们，这种不等边九角攒尖顶阁楼，在国内堪称一绝，不知是鲁班的哪位高足得了莫传才修建成的。

文昌阁高耸在古城墙上，背后是一带远山，栖雷岭巍峨、苍翠。正是："浓翠万重当槛出，清光一片抱城来。"文昌阁侧的古城墙下，最近新辟了一片绿地，为贵阳城增添了几分春色，是人们休息、乘凉的好地方。

贵阳文昌阁景区导游词4

贵阳文昌阁，地处老东门附近，是一座以文昌阁楼为主体的木质结构的古建筑群。古朴浑厚，典雅端庄。主体建筑文昌阁楼，造型别致，结构奇特，国内仅见。颇具艺术和科研价值，深受建筑专家的注目，受到中外游客的称赞。是贵州省第一批文物保护单位。

文昌阁楼，坐东向西，楼体高20余米，通面阔11.47米，进深11.58米，为三层三檐不等边的九角攒尖顶。两侧配有重檐悬山顶的厢房，阁楼对面有月台、水池、倒座、花台，组成封闭式的四合院，布局缜密，颇壮观瞻。阁楼底层为正方形四角，二三层为九边九角，东、南、北三面等边，各方均为二，唯正面(西面)等分为三，组成不等边九角形。除底层外，二、三层均出飞檐，梁架结构独特，第三层的全柱和第二层的重檐金柱，均不穿过各层楼板，第二层九根檐柱，仅有四根是一层的重檐全柱，平面布局为一平方形，其余五根檐柱分别立于底层的顺梁上。顶部雷公柱空悬，由九根角梁共撑，以第三层的金柱和檐柱为支点，承托宝顶。整个用料为榫卯，没有使用一根铁钉。‘如此枋梁承桃，逐渐收缩的回旋处理，既分散承重支点，增强阁楼的稳固性，具有防震效果，又扩大了各层的空间和使用面积。

另外，阁楼柱架用材数都是“九”或是“九”的倍数。尾顶九角，樓楞木二、三层各用九根。梁八十一根，柱五十四根，均是九的倍数。这不是偶然巧合，而是匠心巧运。因为在封建社会，“九”表示最高权力，最高等级的象征。看来，这幢建筑还含有浓厚的政治色彩。