西安这几天雨太频繁了(汇编20篇)

西安钟楼，建于明太祖朱元璋洪武十七年(公元1384年),为砖木结构，重楼三层檐，四角攒顶的形式，总高36米，每边长35.5米，占地面积1377平方米，内有楼梯可盘旋而上。在檐上覆盖有深绿色琉璃瓦，楼内贴金彩绘，画栋雕梁，顶部有鎏金宝顶，金碧辉煌。以它为中心辐射出东、南、西、北四条大街并分别与明城墙东、南、西、北四门相接。

欣赏编钟所奏的乐曲以及仿古舞蹈。曲目有民乐《登楼曲》，长安古乐《奉金杯》、《摇门栓》，名曲《春江花月夜》，古曲《飞天》、《大登殿》，编钟独奏《茉莉花》，以及《秦腔曲牌》。每日六场演出，时间分别为上午9:00、10:30、11:30、15:00、16:00、17:00 ，每场四首滚动演出，表演时间10-15分钟。

钟鼓楼表演除每日固定时间外，团体欣赏可提前预约，加场演出时间为晚19:00-22:00。

协议双方于________年____月____日在________签署。

甲方：_________________

注册地址：_____________

执行事务合伙人：_______

乙方：________________(控股股东)

地址：________________

身份证号码：___________

鉴于：

1、____________有限责任公司依中华人民共和国法律成立并合法存续的有限责任公司，注册地在____________，现登记注册资本为人民币________万元，总股本为________万股。

2、________________________________

3、________________________________

4、________________________________

根据中华人民共和国有关法律法规的规定，协议双方本着平等、自愿、公平、诚实信用的原则，经友好协商，就甲方向乙方投资达成如下协议：

第一条保障及承诺

甲方承诺________________________________________

乙方承诺出资人民币________________万元持有甲方转让的________%股权，________________，并按照本协议约定按时足额向甲方付清受让款。

乙方承诺________________公司________年度将实现税后目标净利润的________________万元人民币;________________________。

第二条 转让股权、转让价格及付款方式

________________________________________________________________________

第三条股权回购条件

在本协议履行过程中，如出现下列情况之一，乙方有权要求甲方履行回购义务。

1、甲方公司及其他投资项目整体收益连续两年亏损。

2、甲方公司及其他投资项目整体收益累计亏损________%以上。

3、________________________________________

第四条股权回购价格

第五条投资方权益

若乙方向公司股东以外的第三方转让其股份时，投资方享有下列选择权：

(1)按第三方给出的相同条款和条件购买乙方出售的股份;

(2)按第三方给出的相同条款和条件，投资方优先于乙方向受让方优先出售投资方持有的公司股份;

第六条 防稀释条款

________________________________________________________________

第七条 股权转让费用负担

________________________________________________________________

第八条保密条款

任何一方不得将本协议所涉及的部分或全部条款披露给未经另一方同意的第三方，也不能将本协议以任何方式进行公布、披露或散布，相关法律和法规另有要求的除外。

第九条生效条款

本协议自双方授权代表签字、盖章之日起生效________。

本协议一式贰份，甲乙双方各执一份，具有同等法律效力。

协议各方签署栏：_____________

甲方：_____________________(盖章)

执行事务合伙人：_____________

乙方：_____________________

签字：_____________________

________年________月________日

我们现在看到的这座古城堡就是明西安城墙，是明初在唐长安皇城的基础上建筑起来的。它是我国中世纪后期历史上最著名的城垣之一，是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代军事城堡防御设施。

西安作为千年古都，历代曾多次修筑城墙。它们多数被历史的尘埃掩埋。我们现在看到的城墙可追溯到隋代。公元1369年，明王朝大将徐达从山西进入陕西，将原来的奉天路改为西安，意为“西方长治久安”。拉开了明在西安修筑城墙的序幕。历时8年修筑完的城墙外形是一座长方形。城墙高15米，顶宽12—14米，底宽16—18米，周长13.9公里。最底层用黄土与石灰、糯米汁拌合而成，干燥之后，异常坚固。

西安古城墙包括护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敌楼、女儿墙、垛口等一系列军事设施。好了，现在让我们亲自来感受这座科学、严密、完整的军事防御体系。

这就是我们今天游览的西安城墙，它是世世代代陕西人的骄傲，是唐代文明的象征。

女士们，先生们，叔叔阿姨阿姨夫们，老少爷们娘们们，大家早上*点钟好！

首先，我谨代表旅行社老板，全体老板娘以及全体导游向你们表示热烈的欢迎。为了表示我的热情，我要先给大家唱首歌，为什么要唱歌呢？不是因为我唱歌好听。我唱歌属于高音上不去，低音下不来，中间还走调，但是我为什么还要唱呢？我们旅行社老板说了，你们就是我的上帝，耶稣阿门啥的，你们对我们导游非常重要，你们快乐了我们旅行社老板才快乐，旅行社老板快乐经理才能快乐，经理快乐了我们导游才能快乐。所以为了你们快乐我也得唱。

初次见面，所以在这里呢，送给大家一首歌作为见面礼了：要欣赏先鼓掌（停顿），鼓掌的都是董事长：你未曾见过我，我未曾见过你，年轻的朋友一见面啦，情投意又合。你不用介绍你我不用介绍我年轻的朋友在一起呀比什么都快乐溜溜的她哟，她哟我哟心儿咿个嘿嘿嘿心儿咿个嘿嘿嘿！

我也不会说什么华丽的语言，但我保证我说过的话都灵，我嘴开光啦

我祝愿所有给我鼓掌的朋友长命百岁，我会永远记住你们的，我会永远把你们放在心里。不鼓掌的祝你们打麻将点炮，上厕所忘带手纸，嫖娼挨抓，该！

说了这么多，大家可能还都不认识我，自我介绍一下，我姓x，大家称呼我为小x就行了。小x的年龄保密，体重保密，身高保密，唯一不保密的是我的电话号码，大家需要的可以记一下哈，我的电话是，24小时开机，有什么事直接找我可以了。小x长的虽然称不上是沉鱼落雁，闭月羞花，但是我的笑容绝对的灿烂，我对工作绝对的是认真负责！顺便说一下我们家的门牌号，大家千万不要上错了车。

我听见有人乐了。那现在我给大家隆重的介绍一下咱们的司机师傅，师傅在旅游界是有名的三好先生，车技好，人好，服务态度好！我们俩将互相配合，尽量让你们每个人都满意！同时也希望各位能理解配合支持我们的工作。

骊山国家森林公园，位于陕西省西安市临潼县城南，距离西安市区30多公里，最高峰九龙顶海拔1301.9米。周、秦、汉、唐以来，这里一直是游览胜地。这里有被称为关中八景”之一的“骊山晚照”;烽火戏诸侯的“烽火台”;纪念西安事变的兵谏亭;纪念女娲补天的老母殿等。骊山山势逶迤，树木葱茏，远望宛如一匹苍黛色的骏马。骊山也因景色翠秀，美如锦绣，又名“绣岭”。

著名的有周烽火台、老母殿、老君殿、晚照亭、兵谏亭、石瓮谷、举火楼、遇仙桥、秤砣石、鸡上架、三元洞、鹞子翻身等，还有号称“西北第一滑”的骊山滑索。上山有台阶路3200多米，先来到骊山半山腰“斑虎石”处，便见兵谏亭，是为纪念西安事变而建。过后，可往西直上山峰至“晚照亭”。

站在亭的北侧，整个华清池近在眼前，一目了然。再往前便到西绣岭第三峰上的老君殿。老君即老子，为骊山著名道教官观。相传，唐玄宗两次在此见到老君降临阁内，故此称之为降圣阁，也叫朝元阁。殿内原供奉白玉老君像，“安史之乱”时，像的正身被烧裂，双手也被盗，现玉像保存在陕西博物馆内。由老君殿转往东，就到西绣岭第二峰上的“老母殿”。此殿是为历史传说中的女蜗而建的。再往东便到西绣岭第一峰上的烽火台。历史上“烽火戏诸侯，一笑失天下”的典故就发生在这里。相传，周幽王为博取爱妃褒姒一笑，曾在这里举烽火戏弄诸侯。当犬戎攻入骊山，幽王再下令点燃烽火，各诸侯却无人来救，幽王被杀，褒姒被掳，西周灭亡。

过了烽火台后往东即到东绣岭上的“石瓮寺”。因寺的西面岩石受流水冲击而形似瓮，故得名“石瓮寺”。据传，该寺建于唐开元年间，用造华清宫所剩的材料予以修建的。接着来到位于东西绣岭之间的石翁谷中的“遇仙桥”。据说，此桥为唐代所建，是一座长5米，宽2.4米，高5米的单孔石拱桥。相传，古代有一考生，赴京赶考行至此桥，得仙人指教，幸运考中，此桥由此名“遇仙桥”。

大雁塔位于南郊大慈恩寺内，是全国着名的古代建筑，被视为古都西安的象征。相传是唐僧从印度(古天竺)取经回来后，专门从事译经和藏经之处。因仿印度雁塔样式的修建故名雁塔。由于后来又在长安荐福寺内修建了一座较小的雁塔，为了区别，人们就把慈恩寺塔叫大雁塔，荐福寺塔叫小雁塔，一直流传至今。大雁塔平面呈方形，建在一座方约45米，高约5米的台基上。塔七层，底层边长25米，由地面至塔顶高64米。塔身用砖砌成，磨砖对缝坚固异常。塔内有楼梯，可以盘旋而上。每层四面各有一个拱券门洞，可以凭栏远眺。长安风貌尽收眼底。塔的底层四面皆有石门，门桅上均有精美的线刻佛像，传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔。塔南门两侧的砖龛内，嵌有唐初四大书法家之一的褚遂良所书的大唐三藏圣教序》和《述三藏圣教序记》两块石碑。唐末以后，寺院屡道兵火，殿宇焚毁，只有大雁塔巍然独存。

另一说：大雁塔建于唐高宗永徽三年，因坐落在慈恩寺内，故又名慈恩寺塔。慈恩寺是唐贞观二十二年(648)太子李治为了追念他的母亲文德皇后而建。大雁塔初建时只有五层。武则天时重修，后来又经过多次修葺。现在的塔是七层，共64米，呈方形角锥状。塔身为青砖砌成，各层壁面作柱枋、栏额等仿木结构。每层四面都有券砌拱门。这种楼阁式砖塔，造型简洁，气势雄伟，是我国佛教建筑艺术的杰作。大雁塔底层南门两侧，镶嵌着唐代着名书法家褚遂良书写的两块石碑。一块是《大唐三藏圣教序》;另一块是唐高宗撰的《大唐三藏圣教序记》。碑侧蔓草花纹，图案优美，造型生动。这些都是研究唐代书法、绘画、雕刻艺术的重要文物。大慈恩寺是唐长安城内最着名、最宏丽的佛寺，它是唐代皇室敕令修建的。

唐三藏--玄奘，曾在这里主持寺务，领管佛经译场，创立佛教宗派。寺内的大雁塔又是他亲自督造的。所以大慈恩寺在中国佛教史上具有十分突出的地位，一直受到国内外的重视。

寺门内，钟、鼓楼东西对峙。钟、鼓是寺院的号令，俗有“晨钟暮鼓”之说。东侧钟楼内悬吊明代铁钟一口，重三万斤，高三米多。唐代学子，考中进士后到慈恩塔下题名，谓之“雁塔题名”，后沿袭成习。唐代画家吴道子、王维等曾为慈恩寺作过不少壁画，惜早已湮没。但在

大雁塔下四门洞的石门楣、门框上，却保留着精美的唐代线刻画。西石门楣上的线刻殿堂图尤为珍贵。

大雁塔东南侧，有和尚墓塔群。其中六座是清代建造的。大雄宝殿是寺院的中心建筑，殿内有三身佛、菩萨和罗汉泥塑像。是礼佛诵经之所。法堂是讲经说法的地方。堂内有阿弥陀佛铜像。

今日的慈思寺是明代以来的规模，而寺内的殿堂则是清代末年的建筑。现在大雁塔经过修复，古塔雄伟，寺殿香火缭绕，庭院鲜花争艳，是一处特别吸引国内外游人的游览胜地。

Dear tourists

Hello everyone! Welcome to Xian.

Xian, a famous historical and cultural city, is located in the middle ofWeishui plain on the West Bank of the Yellow River. There is fertile land, avast expanse of eight hundred Li Qinchuan, natural treasures, outstandingpeople. On the land of China, this dazzling pearl inlaid in the southern end ofthe Loess Plateau, once had a world-famous, extremely brilliant history andculture, but also had green waters and mountains, extremely beautiful naturallandscape.

In the East and west of Xian, the Qinling Mountains, known as the"Oriental Alps", are crisscrossed and meandering. On this beautiful scenic line,there are Huashan Mountain, which is known as the first of the five mountains,Lishan Mountain in Lintong, which is famous for its hot spring soup pools,Zhongnan mountain, which is green in all seasons and rare in its interior, andTaibai Mountain, which is called a wonder for its snow cover in June. They forma natural and unique scenery group. In ancient Changan, there were eightrivers, Wei River, Chan River, Ba River, Lao river, Feng River, Mao River, ZaoRiver and Yu River, which were surrounded by blue waves.

This thousand year old capital at the foot of the Qinling Mountains and onthe Bank of the Weihe River has Tongguan in the East and Sanguan in the West. Inthe north, the chidao, which was built in the Qin Dynasty, is a thoroughfare forfighting against Xiongnu and supplying supplies. In the south, Ziwu Road,TangLuo Road, Baoxie road and Chencang road can cross Hanzhong to Bashu. In thesoutheast, Wuguan road in Shangluo Mountain is the throat leading to Chu. Inancient times, Changan had convenient transportation, both land and water,dangerous terrain, easy to defend and difficult to attack. It has always been aplace for military strategists and emperors to make contributions.

Xian is an important birthplace of Chinese history and culture, and alsoone of the earliest developed areas of human civilization. In the thousands ofyears of history of the Chinese nation, perhaps no city can enjoy such a loftystatus and incomparable brilliance as Xian: it is the capital of 13 dynastiessince the Western Zhou Dynasty and the epitome of the first half of Chinesefeudal society.

Since Zhou and Qin Dynasties, Xian has been in the center of politics,economy and culture for a long time with its unique historical position. In the11th century B.C., the Zhou people grew stronger and stronger in Qishan andFufeng areas in the western part of Guanzhong, and finally established theircountry after destroying the Shang Dynasty, and established their capitals inFengjing and Haojing. Qin people successively established capitals in Yongcheng,Liyang and Xianyang, and went out of Hangu in the east to destroy the six statesand establish an unprecedented unified Qin Empire. The capital of Qin Dynasty isstill Xianyang, which is near the water on the tableland. After the destructionof Qin Dynasty by Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, he took a fancy to theeight hundred Li Qinchuan River, which is a vast expanse of fertile land, andchose to establish the capital on the South Bank of Weihe River, which is justacross from qinxianyang. At the end of the Western Han Dynasty, Wang Mangusurped the Han Dynasty and established a new dynasty, inheriting the capitaland system of the Han family. When the Huangjin army rose, Dong Zhuo burned allthe palaces in Luoyang, and the princes of the 18th route begged for Zhuo.Therefore, Dong Zhuo forced Emperor Xian to move westward to Changan. TheEastern Han Dynasty had six years here.

The scenic Fenghe river is full of a large number of cultural treasuresfrom the Western Zhou Dynasty 3000 years ago. It is a magical and attractiveplace. Emperor min of the Western Jin Dynasty was the emperor in Changan, andhe was destroyed in only three years. The former Zhao, the former Qin, the laterQin, the Western Wei and the Northern Zhou established their capitals here.Changan city experienced a long period of war and shortage of soldiers afterthe Han Dynasty. In 581 ad, Yang Jian, Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, unifiedChina again. Later, in the southeast of Changan City in the Han Dynasty, YuWenkai, a famous architect, designed and supervised the construction of DaxingCity, the capital of the Sui Dynasty. The scale, layout and scientificfacilities of Daxing City obviously exceeded that of Changan City in HanDynasty, which laid the foundation of Changan City in Tang Dynasty. TangDynasty is the heyday of Chinese history, and Changan city is also anincomparable brilliant model in the history of Chinese capital. Changan is notonly the political, economic and cultural center of the Tang Empire, but alsothe largest international city in the east of the world.

"The ancient imperial state in the middle of Qin Dynasty". History choseXian and Xian enriched history. Today, whenever people talk about the formerChangan in Xian, they are full of national pride and admiration for the richand incomparable ancient courtesy of China for thousands of years.

If history chose Xian as the capital of emperors, making it the centralstage of Chinas politics, economy and culture for more than a thousand years,then the emperors who once made great achievements in Xian chose Guanzhongsprofound and extensive loess land as their final destination. As a result, thedense and grand mausoleums of emperors spread all over Guanzhong with thearrogance of the past and the present, becoming one of the most unique culturallandscapes in Xian.

The imperial mausoleum in Shaanxi can be traced back to the mausoleum ofthe Yellow Emperor more than 5000 years ago. It is the mausoleum of XuanyuanYellow Emperor, the forefather of the Chinese nation. It is on the top ofQiaoshan mountain in Huangling County, north of Xian. Ever since ancient timesand every year, countless Chinese and Miao descendants have come here to payhomage to the mausoleum, find their roots, ask their ancestors, and remembertheir saints. In addition to the mausoleum of the Yellow Emperor, more than 70emperors were also buried in Guanzhong during the 20__ years from the WesternZhou Dynasty to the Sui and Tang Dynasties.

Ancient Changan was not only the political and economic center of Chinafor a long time, but also the center of religious culture. In the Tang Dynasty,with political stability and economic development, the religious culture ofChangan reached its peak. At this time, not only the native Taoist culture inChina was widely spread, but also the foreign Buddhist culture was in aprominent position in social life.

Since the introduction of Buddhism into China in the Han Dynasty, it hasbecome the ideology of the gentry through the southern and Northern Dynasties.In the Tang Dynasty, it became a common practice to respect and worshipBuddhism. As the eastern end of the "Silk Road" and a cosmopolitan metropolis,Changan has gathered eminent monks and missionaries from all over the world.Inside and outside the city of Changan in the Tang Dynasty, there are manypagodas and temples, and there are many people who preach and listen to theDharma. According to historical records, there are 122 monasteries and 31nunnery monasteries in Changan city. Emperors and court dignitaries are proudto build monasteries and spend time with monks. The scale of these monasteriesis also amazing. For example, Cien Temple, which is called "Chonglou Fudian,Yunge Dongfang, more than ten monasteries, has a total of 1896, covering 342mu.". In the enlightened and open Tang Dynasty, not only the various sects ofBuddhist temples and Taoism as the national religion were very active, butNestorianism, Manichaeism and Islam also spread to China one after another,making an indelible contribution to the prosperity of Chinese and foreigncultures.

Today, there are still many religious and cultural relics inside andoutside Changan city. The towering big wild goose pagoda of Cien Temple andthe beautiful small wild goose pagoda of Jianfu temple have become the symbol ofXian, a famous historical and cultural city. Famen Temple has become a Buddhistholy land again because of the excavation of four Buddhist finger relicscollected in the Tang Dynasty. Daxingshan temple, Qinglong temple, Xiangjitemple and other famous temples have also become symbols of friendly exchangesand tourist attractions between China and foreign countries. The famous TaoistLouguantai, Baxian palace and Huajue Lane Muslim temple in the city areimportant places for the spread of Taoist and Islamic culture.

In history, the ancient city of Xian provided a broad and bright stage forChina to show its great and brilliant posture to the world, and made immortalcontributions to the survival, improvement and development of the Chinesenation. Perhaps it is just out of the reward for Xian that history generouslypresented this magical land with numerous historical relics and cultural relics.It is an invaluable treasure. It not only makes every Chinese proud and feel theresponsibility of history, but also as one of the cream of human culturalheritage, let people from all over the world comprehend the clear trajectory ofsocial courtesy development and the endless creativity of human beings.

The historical relics in Xian and Guanzhong area have the integrity ofrare historical sequence. This outstanding advantage is determined by thelong-span characteristics of Xians long history, which is difficult for manyhistorical cities to match. There, the Paleolithic artifacts of the Lantian apeman 1.15 million years ago and the painted pottery basin of the mud illusion ofthe matriarchal clan settlement in Banpo 6000 years ago jointly outline thecontext and footprints of the survival, reproduction and development of theprimitive ancestors; the deep, dignified, mysterious and treacherous bronzes ofthe Shang and Zhou dynasties represent the living atmosphere of the aristocratsin the slave society; The magnificent terracotta warriors and horses andexquisite stone portraits of the Qin and Han Dynasties are wrapped with thepolitical situation and flames of war in the early feudal society; the gorgeousmurals and colorful gold and silver wares of the Sui and Tang Dynasties recordthe glorious chapter of the golden age; and the steles, porcelain products,calligraphy and paintings of the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are thewitness of the continued development of politeness in Xian after the loss ofthe prosperity of the imperial capital It is no exaggeration to say that it isno different to read a condensed general history of China to search the culturalrelics of Xian in chronological order.

Xian and its surrounding areas are rich in cultural heritage materials andcomplete categories, which is another major advantage. Not to mention thelarge-scale sites such as FengHao of the Western Zhou Dynasty, Xianyang palaceof the Qin Dynasty, Changan city of the Han and Tang Dynasties, and the ancientbuildings, temples, and grottoes of Meilun and meimian, the number of movablecultural relics alone has reached more than 600000 pieces (groups) according topreliminary statistics. Including ceramics, bronzes, jade, gold and silver,murals, stone and brick carvings, inscribed steles, seals and other categories.In this sense, the ancient city of Xian itself is a natural history museum, apalace of cultural art.

The natural landscape of Xian is also unique. In and around Xian, thereare Xiyue Huashan, which is known as "the most dangerous place in the world",Zhongnan mountain, which is cultivated by Wang Chongyang, the founder ofQuanzhen school, Taibai Mountain, which is known as "natural geological museum",Lishan Mountain, which is known as "Nuwa Butian", Louguantai, which is the mostblessed place in Dongtian, and Wangchuan, the hometown of Chinese landscape "Thehometown of ape man" -- Lantian cave and other scenic spots. The gardens inXian are full of royal style. Huaqing Palace tells the story of "song ofeverlasting regret" with its first hot spring in the world, warm and romanticlove story; Xingqing palace describes the eternal story of "Li Bai drunk"; asong "the sunset is infinite, just near dusk" makes leyouyuans dusk a charminglandscape. "Last year and today in this gate, peoples faces and peach blossomswere red. People do not know where to go, peach blossom still smile springbreeze If you have a chance to go to Weiqu, you must be able to feel true loveunder the peach tree with the dream of "human face peach blossom". There are 11forest parks in Xian, which constitute the natural oxygen bar of the ancientcity.

The combination of humanity and landscape constitutes the unique charm ofancient Xian.

As the first ancient capital of China, Xian, after more than 3000 years ofdevelopment, shoulders numerous glorious and glorious dreams of the Chinesenation, and is firmly marching towards the future.

In 1949, after the founding of the peoples Republic of China, the ancientcity of Xian opened a new chapter in its own development history. Since the1980s, with the implementation of the reform and opening-up policy, 6.18 millionpeople in Xian have seized the opportunity of the times, guided by science andtechnology, tourism, commerce and trade, and made great efforts to build Xianinto a socialist export-oriented city. A thriving and dynamic Xian city isstanding in the world. Today, Xian is an important base for scientific andtechnological research and development in contemporary China. There are morethan 3000 scientific research institutions in the city, including not only thescientific research institutions of machinery, electric power, electronics,aviation, aerospace, geology, chemical industry, textile, instruments, metersand nuclear industry, but also the only watch industry research institute inChina and the satellite measurement and control center, the central nerve ofaerospace measurement and control network.

Today, Xian is an important base of Chinas higher education. There are 42institutions of higher learning, more than 10 mobile stations for postdoctoralresearch, about 100 doctoral degree awarding points and more than 300 mastersdegree awarding points in the city. Every year, the city trains a large numberof modern talents for the country, becoming a veritable "cradle of talents".

Today, Xian is a world famous tourist hot spot city. The long and vasthistorical and cultural heritages, the beautiful and magnificent natural sceneryof Northwest China, and the various and magical traditional folk customsconstitute the unique tourism resources in Xian, attracting countless touristsfrom home and abroad to explore. With the development of tourism, tourismfacilities and municipal engineering have been further improved. With Xian asthe center, high-grade highways are interwoven in all directions. The connectionof Eurasian Continental Bridge and the completion of Xian XianyangInternational Airport make the connection between Xian and other countries morefrequent and close. A large number of star hotels and modern entertainmentfacilities and places have sprung up, which not only provides a guarantee forthe development of tourism, but also adds style and charm to the appearance ofthe ancient city.

In order to enrich the cultural and entertainment life of tourists and meetthe needs of leisure and vacation, Xian has built more than 3700 cultural andentertainment facilities in various forms, such as tangle palace, gudu GrandTheater, Tanghua song and dance theater, shange Grand Theater, Ginza nightclub,Taoyuan Lake Bowling Club, etc; It has launched such artistic programs as TangChangan music and dance, imitating Tang music and dance, soul of Qin terracottawarriors, and folk music and dance in Northern Shaanxi, which have won praisefrom tourists at home and abroad.

Xians tourism commodity production has strong local characteristics.There are abundant folk arts and crafts, such as terracotta figurines, antiquebronzes, Qin embroidery, jade, silk, craft porcelain, Huxian farmers paintings,Tang Sancai, porcelain plate paintings, landscape tables, straw paintings,Guanzhong paper-cut, etc. There are 26 designated foreign tourism shops in thecity, which can meet the different levels of shopping needs of tourists. At thesame time, the catering industry in Xian can provide tourists with uniqueShaanxi cuisine, such as imitation Tang cuisine, Dumpling Banquet, muttonsteamed bun and famous local snacks.

Today, Xian is still an open international metropolis. After summing upthe rise and fall of history and understanding the perfect future, the people ofXian have deeply realized that opening the door to the world and letting Xiango to the world is the only way for the development and prosperity of todaysancient city.

History has treated Xian well in the past, and Xian will live up tohistory!

西安碑林博物馆导游词【精选】

西安碑林博物馆(Forest of Stone Steles Museum)是陕西创建最早的博物馆，它以收藏、陈列和研究历代碑刻、墓志及石刻为主，成为在中国独树一帜的艺术博物馆。现有馆藏文物11000余件，其中国宝级文物19个号134件，一级文物535件。著名的“昭陵六骏”就有四骏藏于本馆。陈列由碑林、石刻艺术和其它文物展览三部分组成，共12个展室。现有7座碑室、8座碑廊、8座碑亭，加上石刻艺术室和4座文物陈列，陈列面积达到4900平米。以下是小编为大家收集的关于西安碑林博物馆导游词范文，仅供参考!

西安碑林博物馆导游词

西安碑林博物馆导游词女士们，先生们大家好!

现在我们就来到了碑林。顾名思义，它的意思就是“碑石丛立如林”，这座博物馆始建于公元1087年，距今已有900余年的历史了。它是收藏我国古代碑石时间最早、数量最多的一座艺术宝库。所以，人们又将其称为“石质书库”。西安碑林是在保存唐代石经的基础上发展起来的。唐代恩所称的石经包括：唐天宝四年，也就是公元的745年，由唐玄宗书写的《石台孝经》;以及唐开成二年，也就是公元的837年刻成的《开成石经》。这些石经原来都立在唐长安城务本坊的国子监太学内。唐朝末年，朱温挟持唐昭宗迁都洛阳，驻守长安的佑国军节度使韩建将长安城进行了缩小，致使石经弃于郊外。在许多人的建议下，韩建和后来的刘郇陆续将这些碑石移到了城内的文宣王庙内，也就是今天的西大街社会路一带。由于那里地势低洼，所以对保存经石不利。于是，公元1087年，在北宋漕运大使吕大忠的组织下，又将那里的碑石移到了今天的位置。这便形成了最早的西安碑林。

“碑林”一名始于清代。它收藏了从汉到清的各代碑石3000余件，分布在七个陈列室，八个碑厅和六座碑廊之中。这些碑石主要可以分为“碑林”和“石刻艺术室”两大部分。博物馆占地面积31900平方米，陈列面积3000平方米。碑林博物馆是典型的中国传统庙宇式建筑群。它的前半部分是由原先拜谒孔子的孔庙改建而成，至今仍处处可见孔庙的痕迹。孔子是中国儒家的创始者，历来被封建统治者所推崇。汉武帝就曾提倡“罢黜百家，独尊儒术”。不知大家有没有注意到：按照中国历来的建筑制式，门都是朝南开的。而碑林的门却是东西向的。这是怎么回事呢?这是因为碑林为孔庙旧址，按照中国古代的制度，孔庙的门都开在东西两侧，以示对孔子的尊敬。西门称为“礼门”东门称为“义路”。南面的门则封闭起来，叫做“塞门”。大家现在看到的这个高大的牌坊叫做“太和元气坊”。它是明代的建筑，是由华山西岳庙移过来的，采用的是四柱三檐。上面的这些彩画是和玺彩画。中国古代制度森严，彩画也是有等级的。最高的是和玺彩画，另外还有旋子彩画和苏式彩画。

大家眼前看到的这两个半圆形的水池，它是孔庙特有的建筑。按照古代制度，国家级孔庙内的水池为圆形，叫“辟雍”;地方级孔庙内的水池为半圆形，叫做“泮池”。“泮”是三滴水加个一半的半。汉字讲究象形，“泮”就是半个水池。孔子提倡学无止境，学问永远没有满的时候，就像这水池，永远也不可能成为满圆形的。在古代，只有考中秀才的人才可以走上泮池中间的小桥，当一回秀才。

在泮池北边的这个石牌坊也是孔庙特有的建筑，称为“棂星门”。传说“棂星”是二十八星宿中主管取土的神。当年，进出棂星门有严格规定：祭孔大典时，只有主祭的最高官员才能由中门出入;一般官员由西门出入;其他人员由东门出入。所以就有了成语“旁门左道”。现在我们已经进入了棂星门内。中国古代的建筑都是讲究中轴对称的。那么，碑林也不例外。碑林的各个陈列室以棂星门的中门为中轴线，自南向北对称排列。两边的房间为临时陈列室。大家请注意看，中央道路两旁有许多的石柱，它是我国古代民间石刻的瑰宝—渭北栓马桩。这些栓马桩高2米左右，上面刻有各种纹饰，造型丰富。马是古代重要的交通和作战工具。在一望无垠的渭北高原上，出于交通与军事的需要，在驿站旁边设立了大批的栓马桩。它除了可以栓系、震慑牲畜这个目的外，还具有震邪、吉祥和装饰的意义。在解放前，渭北地区的官宦或富豪人家的院门外两侧大都栽有成排的栓马桩。

现在请大家看远出处的这个巨大的匾额，上面书写着“碑林”二字。你仔细观察就会发现，这个“碑”字少了一撇。那么为什么会少一撇呢?难道这是一个错别字吗?显然这是不可能的。这两个字出自清代著名的爱国将领林则徐之手。战争之后，他革职戍守新疆伊犁。当时路经西安，写下了这两个字。有人说“碑”字少了一撇，正好象征他当时丢了乌纱帽。其实，并不是这样的。你待会儿就会发现，碑林中的所有“碑”字都少了一撇。这是因为古代的汉字讲究对称，“碑”字少了一撇，只是为了看起来对称美观罢了。

现在请大家看这通高大威严的石碑，这便是久负盛名的《石台孝经》。它是碑林中最大的石碑。《孝经》是儒家经典之一，是由孔子的学生曾参编纂的。全书共分18章，主要讲述封建社会基本伦理道德之一的孝道。并且把孝敬父母和忠于君王联系起来，提倡“事君如事父”，以宗法血缘关系维护封建统治，因而得到历代封建统治阶级的特殊重视。认为“孝”是一切道德的根本，把“以孝治天下”视为基本统治策略。《石台孝经》的前半部分是唐玄宗李隆基用隶书为孝经作的序，目的是为了表示自己要以孝来治理天下。后半部分是孝经的原文。那些小字是李隆基为孝经作的注释。在当时，此碑立在国子监太学内，因此被称为“御碑”。又因为此碑建在三层石台之上，所以叫做《石台孝经》。这块碑石高近6米，碑座、碑身、碑首由35块巨石组成。碑顶雕有卷云蜷龙，似乎就要凌空而去。碑身由四块巨石组成，是整个碑林中碑身最大的一块石碑。碑座底下有三层石台，形制特殊。“风流天子”唐玄宗也擅长书法，这块碑刻书法工整，字迹清晰，华美飘逸，在唐代隶书中堪称佼佼者。这块碑林中的超级巨碑因为太大，只好向下延伸，在碑亭中形成一个方坑，向上则快到亭顶，显得顶天立地，气度不凡，因此被称为“迎客第一碑”。

现在请各位随我进入碑林的第一陈列室。这里展出由艾由晦、陈等楷书的《开成石经》。“开成”是因为它刻于唐文宗开成二年，也就是公元837年。“经”，是指中国古代儒家的经典著作。《开成石经》包括12部著作，除《孝经》外，《周易》通过八卦形式推测自然和社会变化，是先秦思想史的重要资料;《诗经》是编成于春秋时代的中国最早诗歌总集;《周礼》、《仪礼》和《礼记》是先秦典章制度与社会礼俗的汇集;《春秋左传》、《公羊传》、《谷梁传》分别从史料和儒家义理角度阐释我国最早的编年史《春秋》;《论语》是技记述孔子言行的专集;《尔雅》是我国最早解释词义的专著。这些都是封建社会文人学士的必读之书。因为当时雕版印刷还不普遍，为避免传抄错误，唐文宗下令把它们刻在石碑上，立于国家最高学府国子监太学内，供人们校对。《开成石经》由114块碑石双面组成，共计228面，650152字。清代又补刻了《孟子》一书9石，合称十三经。中国历史上曾经组织过7次经籍石刻，只有这一部保存得最完整。加上时代又早，史料价值极高，人们赞叹它是“世界上最厚最重的书籍“。

大雁塔(Great Wild Goose Pagoda)，世界文化遗产、全国重点文物保护单位、国家AAAAA级旅游景区，位于西安市的大慈恩寺内，被视为古都西安和陕西省的象征。唐永徽三年，取经归来的玄奘法师为保存由天竺经丝绸之路带回长安的经卷佛像而修建。大雁塔作为现存最早、规模最大的唐代四方楼阁式砖塔，是佛塔这种印度佛寺的建筑形式随着佛教传播而传入中原地区并融入汉文化的典型物证，是凝聚了汉族劳动人民智慧结晶的标志性建筑，现存塔身七层，通高64.5米。

大雁塔作为现存最早、规模最大的唐代四方楼阁式砖塔，是佛塔这种古印度佛寺的建筑形式随佛教传入中原地区，是凝聚了汉族劳动人民智慧结晶的标志性建筑。

1961年3月4日，国务院公布大雁塔为第一批全国重点文物保护单位 。20xx年6月22日，在卡塔尔多哈召开的联合国教科文组织第38届世界遗产委员会会议上，大雁塔作为中国、哈萨克斯坦和吉尔吉斯斯坦三国联合申遗的“丝绸之路：长安—天山廊道的路网”中的一处遗址点成功列入《世界遗产名录》。

在阅读了中国古代最大最重的一部巨作之后，我们将进入第二陈列室进行参观。这里主要陈列唐代著名书法家书写的碑石，历来都是人们学习书法的范本。现在大家看到的是《大唐三藏圣教序碑》它刻于唐德宗建中二年，公元1623年被重新发现，清末移入碑林。“大秦”是中国古代对东罗马帝国的称呼。景教，属教堂的一个分支，称聂斯脱利派，“景”是光明、美好的意思。碑首刻有教堂标志十字架。这块碑石记载了教堂早期传入中国的情况以及教规、教义，还有古叙利亚和汉文对照刻了72个景教僧侣的名字。为研究中国古代和欧洲、中亚的友好往来提供了宝贵资料。颜真卿书写的《颜氏家庙碑》是颜真卿72岁时为纪念他的父亲而立的家庙碑，碑文记述了颜氏家族的世袭与功业。仅从文中“孔门达者七十二人，颜氏有八”这句话，我们就可以看到颜氏家族的兴盛和荣耀，《多宝塔碑》是颜体早期的代表，《颜氏家庙碑》则是颜体不如辉煌与成熟的杰作。还有唐初著名书法家欧阳询书写的《皇甫诞碑》，以及他的儿子，也就是欧阳通书写的《道因法师碑》。唐代书法是我国书法艺术史上的高峰时代。一大批书法家涌现出来，如同百花齐放。

我们继续往前走就来到了碑林的第三陈列室，通过这里陈列的碑石，我们可以对中国古代书体的演变做一个大致的了解。这里陈列着汉魏至唐宋的各种书体名碑，其中包括篆，隶，行，草等5种书体，如汉代《曹全碑》《仙人唐公房碑》唐代张旭和怀素草书的《千字文》，唐徽宗的《大观圣作之碑》等。《曹全碑》是我国现存汉碑中汉隶的精品，为国家级文物，碑石刻于东汉晚期，是百姓和官吏为纪念东汉灵帝时陕西合阳县令曹全而集资修建。碑文记载曹全曾随军征战，战功显赫，主政合阳为官清廉，造福一方，在碑石上还刻有捐钱的花名册。《曹全碑》的书法扁平匀整，清丽流畅，自然典雅，秀美飞动，不仅是汉隶中婉约的代表，更是汉碑中的精妙之品。

第四展示主要成列史料名碑，这些碑石记述了明清两代陕西人名的苦难生活和奋起反战的历史事实，并保存了地理绘画等材料，其中有《黄庭坚诗碑》、《太极全图》、《达摩东渡图》、《达摩面壁》、《集字魁星点斗图》等等。《集字魁星点斗图》是清代陕西巡按马德昭所画，封建社会的科举考试以五品取士，每经首选一成为“魁”。“魁”是北斗七星中的第一星，所以古代很对学府多筑有魁星楼，来供奉魁星，以求金榜提名。碑上刻的形象是鬼一脚翘起托着“斗”字，一脚独立于鳌字之上，一手拿着毛笔直点“斗”字，唐宋时期，皇宫大殿前置有石板，上雕龙和鳌的图案，考中进士站在台阶下迎榜，而状元则站在鳌头之上，取“独占鳌头”之意，同时“鬼字”又由儒家修养的八个字“正心修身，克己复礼”组成，意思是只有按照儒家这个修养标准去努力才会有出人头地的一天。

朋友们，由于时间问题，第五第六展厅大家可以自由参观一下，现在我向大家介绍一下石刻艺术。

接下来各位看到的这一组石雕为“昭陵六骏”。昭陵六骏是唐太宗李世民为了纪念他征战时骑的六匹骏马，由唐代著名画家阎立本主持设计并于唐贞观年间十年完成。唐太宗亲自为每匹马写出赞语，遗憾的是“飒露紫”和“卷毛踻”1914年被美国文物贩子盗走，现存宾夕法尼亚大学博物馆。其余四骏“特勒骠”、“青雕”、“什伐赤”、“白蹄乌”也在1918年的一个夜晚被切割成块，准备装箱盗运，幸好被拦截了下来，所以我们才有幸看到这四匹真品。四骏经历了千年的风霜雨雪，形神兼备，栩栩如生，在它们身上，即记载着历史的辉煌，也记载着历史的耻辱。

参观了陵墓石刻之后，我们来看一下宗教石刻。丝绸之路的开通带来了许多新的文化，而佛教也是随着丝绸之路传入我国的，从而开始了与中国传统文化融合的漫长阶段，魏晋南北朝以及隋唐时期佛教风行，也就推动了佛教造像艺术水平的不断精进。最后我们看到的这件雕像是唐代雕刻的老君像，是当年安禄山为讨好玄宗李隆基特命人在幽州范阳以一整块汉白玉雕刻而成的，是我国迄今为止最大的汉白玉雕像，它原立于骊山华清宫的老君殿里，是盛唐时期顶礼膜拜的道教造像，老君身穿开领道袍，正襟危坐于石台上，神情庄严雍容，面相丰颐恬静。底座三层，上面刻有变形的牡丹花和莲花图案，老君像的塑造不仅是统治者政治目的的需求，同时也体现出盛唐时期恢弘的气势。

好了各位游客西安碑林博物馆参观到次结束了，如果有兴趣您还可以参观其他的碑刻，但原今天的参观能给您带来艺术的启迪，知识的收获。

大雁塔大雁塔简介大雁塔，又名大慈恩寺塔，唐高宗永徽三年（公元652年）玄奘法师为供奉从印度带回的佛像，舍利和梵文经典，在慈恩寺的西塔院建起一座高180尺的五层砖塔，后在武则天长安年间改建为七层。

大雁塔塔通高64.5米，塔体为方形锥体，造型简洁，气势雄伟，是我国佛教建筑艺术中不可多得的杰作。

唐代诗人岑参曾在诗中赞道："塔势如涌出，孤高耸天宫。登临出世界，磴道盘虚空。突兀压神州，峥嵘如鬼工。四角碍白日，七层摩苍穹"大雁塔的恢宏气势由此可见。

大雁塔位于陕西省西安市南郊慈恩寺内，是全国著名的古代建筑，被视为古都西安的象征。西安市徽中央所绘制的便是这座气势恢宏、古朴雄伟的唐代著名古塔。此塔是玄奘大师从印度（古天竺）取经回来后，专门从事译经和藏经之处。因仿印度雁塔样式修建，故名雁塔。由于后来又在长安荐福寺内修建了一座较小的雁塔，以示区别，人们把慈恩寺塔叫作大雁塔，荐福寺塔叫作小雁塔，一直流传至今。大雁塔平面呈方形，建在一座方约45米，高约5米的台基上。塔七层，底层边长25米，由地面至塔顶高64米。塔身用砖砌成，磨砖对缝坚固异常。塔内有楼梯，可以盘旋而上。每层四面各有一个拱券门洞，可以凭栏远眺，将长安风貌尽收眼底。塔的底层四面皆有石门，门桅上均有精美的线刻佛像，西门楣为阿弥陀佛说法图，图中刻有富丽堂皇的殿堂。画面布局严谨，线条遒劲流畅，传为唐代大画家阎立本的手笔，是研究中国古代建筑的重要资料。塔南门两侧的砖龛内，嵌有唐初四大书法家之一的褚遂良所书《大唐三藏圣教序》和《述三藏圣教序记》两块石碑，字体清秀潇洒。唐末以后，寺院屡道兵火，殿宇焚毁，只有大雁塔巍然独存。

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

西安碑林创建于公元1087年，是收藏 我国古代碑石时间最早、数目最大的一座艺术宝库，陈列有从汉到清的各代碑石、墓志共一千多块。这里碑石如林，故名碑林。 西安碑林内容丰富，它既是我国古代书法艺术的宝库，又汇集了古代的文献典籍和石刻图案;记述了我国文化发展的部分成就，反映了中外文化交流的史实，因而驰名中外。西安碑林是在保存唐代石经的基础上发展起来的。唐代人所称的石经，包括公元745年唐玄宗李隆基书写的和公元837年刻成的。

西安碑林博物馆(ForestofStoneStelesMuseum)是陕西创建最早的博物馆，它以收藏、陈列和研究历代碑刻、墓志及石刻为主，成为在中国独树一帜的艺术博物馆。现有馆藏文物11000余件，其中国宝级文物19个号134件，一级文物535件。著名的“昭陵六骏”就有四骏藏于本馆。陈列由碑林、石刻艺术和其它文物展览三部分组成，共12个展室。现有7座碑室、8座碑廊、8座碑亭，加上石刻艺术室和4座文物陈列，陈列面积达到4900平米。

西安城墙不仅是保存最完整的中国古代城垣建筑，也是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代军事城堡设施。

西安城墙位于西安市中心区，是明代初年在唐长安城的皇城基础上建筑起来的，呈长方形，墙高12米，底宽18米，顶宽15米，东墙长2590米，西墙长2631.2米，南墙长3441.6米，北墙长3241米，总周长11.9公里。有城门四座：东长乐门，西安定门，南永宁门，北安远门，每个城门都由箭楼和城楼组成。自1983年开始的环城建设工程，逐步建成以古城墙为主线，辅以环城绿化，护城河环绕，风格古朴、粗犷，有野趣，具有浓郁地方特色的环城公园。

以城墙为主体，包括护城河、吊桥、闸楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、女儿墙垛口、城门等一系列军事设施，构成严密完整的冷兵器时代城市防御体系，为游客直观了解古代战争提供了珍贵的人文景观。

西安城墙是在唐皇城的基础上建成的，城墙环于西安城四周，固若金汤，气势不凡。登上城楼，既能俯瞰西安风光，还可以在城楼上骑单车，观看城楼上的精彩演出。

大家早上好!欢迎大家来到古城西安，很高兴认识大家，我是你们本次的导游，我叫许晨轩，大家叫我许导或晨轩就可以了。下面让我们开始西安古城墙之旅吧!

首先，我给大家简单介绍一下西安古城墙，西安古城墙又称为西安明城墙，位于陕西省西安市中心区，墙高12米，顶宽12-14米，底宽15-18米，轮廓呈封闭的长方形，周长13。74千米。城墙内人们习惯称为古城区，面积11。32平方千米，著名的西安钟鼓楼就位于古城中心。

请大家紧跟我不要掉队，我们前面的是城墙的主城门，像这样的城门共有四座：我们面前的长乐门(东门);还有永宁门(南门);安定门(西门)，安远门(北门)。它们四座城门作为明城墙的原有城门，因当时的军事，防御需要，都是单门洞，且都修建了三道城墙，两道城墙之间又形成了翁城。至今为止，四座城门中除永宁门外，其余三座城门都只剩下两道城墙。

好了，下面是大家自由活动的时间，请大家一个小时后在这里集合。

本次游览结束，感谢大家对我工作的支持，谢谢大家，祝大家身体健康，万事如意，以后有缘再见。

西安大清真寺英文导游词

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词怎么写？跟着小编来看看下面的范文，说不定能帮到你们哦~

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

The Mosque is a major spot for religious activities of over 60.000 Moslems in Xi’an, likewise, an important cultural relic protected by the Provincial People’s Government. Unlike the Arabic mosques, with splendid domes, the minarets reaching into the clouds, the coulourful engraved sketches with dazzling patterns, the Mosque here in Xi’an possesses much Chinese traditional touch in both its design and artistic outlook; besides the style peculiar to Islamic mosques, this Mosque also holds characteristics of Chinese pavilions with painted beams and engraved ridgepoles.

However, any further discussion about the Mosque will be futile unless anything of the introduction of Islam into China is brought up.

Islam as a religious order was founded in the early period of the 7th century A.D. and was introduced to China in the mid-600s. At that time, Arabian merchants and travelers came to the northwest of China by way of Persia and Afghanistan and thus established diplomatic, trade, and military contacts with China. In the meantime, another route saw a batch of sea voyagers through Bangladesh Bay and the Malacca Strait to China’s Guangzhou, Quanzhou, Huangzhou, Yangzhou and other cities where many of them settled down and married the local women who later gave birth to babies who then became Moslems.

However, massive immigration of the Moslems to China did not take place until as late as the early period of the 13th century, when Genghis Khan, as a result of his expedition against the west, had conquered vast expanses of land stretching from Central Asia to Eastern Europe, including the north of Iran. Many of the Moslems in the conquered areas were thus forced to enlist and later settled in China.

Among the enlisted many were soldiers, and some were smiths and officials who were called the Hui people in the history books on the Yuan dynasty. The Hui people later followed Kublai Khan down to the south, helping him unifying China and then establish the Yuan dynasty. In the wake of the conquest, Islam spread all over China and mosques began to appear everywhere. In the Yuan dynasty, many Moslems held positions both in the military and civilian organs of the country. And a lot of the Moslems took part in Zhu Yuanzhang’s uprising in the early 14th century and made great contributions to the founding of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, all the emperors of the Dynasty issued mandates to protect Islam, and to set up mosques in praise of the Moslems for their feats. In the early 16th century, Islam predominated Qinghai on the minority nationalities including the Huis, the Uygurs, the Kazaks, the Kirgizes, the Tajiks, the Tartars, the Ozbeks, the Dong Xiangs, the Salars and the Bonans. The Moslems in Xi’an are mainly the Huis, being a small portion out of the ten million in China.

The Mosque at Hua Jue Lane is the largest in Xi’an, and at the same time, it is also one of the earliest built on a comparatively large scale, and well preserved mosques in China.

According to the Stele on the Building of the Mosque”, the mosque is said to be built in the Tang Dynasty. However, the architectural style of the mosque suggests a possible building dating back to the Ming Dynasty. The four courtyards of the mosque cover an area of more than 12,000 square meters, out of which about 4,000 are occupied by various structures. The still intact wooden front memorial gateway of the front yard, built at the turn of the 17th century, with glazed tiles on the top, spectacular corners and upturned eaves, is about 9 metres high, and has a history of about 360 years. The stone memorial gateway in the center of the second courtyard is flanked with a tail stele on either side with dragons carved on each, recording the repair work ever since the building of the Mosque. On the back of one of the steles are engraved characters by the master calligrapher Mi Fu, May Buddhism Fill the Universe”, on the other, Royal -Bestowed”by Dong Qichang, another master of the same art of the Ming dynasty. They are treasures in Chinese calligraphy. At the entrance of the third courtyard is an imperial built hall, where a month tablet”, showing the calculation of the Hui Calendars in Arabic, is stored. It was compiled by a man in charge of the mosque called Xiao Mining in the early period of the Qing dynasty. A three –storeyed octagonal wooden structure called Retrospection Tower”also stands in the center of the courtyard, which has the same function as the minaret in Islamic temples in Arabic countries, and which is a place from where orders were sent to call the Moslems to come to worship. Respectively, on the south and north wings of the tower, are a reception chamber and a Scripture Chamber, both elegantly laid out. The five wooden houses, which are called Water Houses”in the southwest section of the Mosque are the place where the believers bathe themselves before they attend their services. And in side the fourth courtyard there is a structure called the Pavilion of Phoenix”, a place where the worshipers used to wait for the services. The Pavilion, in fact, is a compound structure of three small buildings. The six-gabled structure of the central part, adjoining the two three-gabled buildings on each side looks very much like a flying phoenix, and hence its name. Just at the back of the Pavilion, there is a fishpond, beyond which is a platform occupying an area as large as 700 m2. Across both ends of the platform stands the 1,300 square metered service hall, holding over a thousand worshipers at once. There are over six hundred sunk panels well as the sunk panels, are decorated with patterns of painted trailing plants and Arabic letterings. The imam leads his group of worshipers, while facing in the direction of Mecca, to chant in Koran and to pay their religious homage.

The Moslems in China share very much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. They worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night. Female worshipers attend their services in a separated place from their brothers, usually at home. Moslems pay special attention to their health and see that they always wear clean clothes. They are teetotalers not only of wine, but also of pork and animal blood for in Koran pigs have been mentioned four times as being unclean”. According to Koran, a man can have four wives and women should wear veils when they go out. However, except a few places in Xinjiang, the Chinese practise monogamy and women are veiless when they go out. Upon his death, a Moslem has to be thoroughly cleaned”(thoroughly bathed), has to be put on Ke Fan”(to be shrouded with a piece of white cloth) and has to be buried coffinless in the ground, with an imam reciting Scriptures at the funeral.

The Chinese constitution promulgates that freedom of religion of each citizen and freedom of preserving or reforming local customs for every nationality are permitted. And of course, the Moslems in China enjoy equal rights with peoples of other nationalities and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.

陕西西安大清真寺英文导游词

Huaqing Pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of Xi’an. Historically, the Western Zhou dynasty saw the construction of the Li Palace on the spot. In the Qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name Lishan Tang (the Lishan Hot Spring). The site was extended into a palace in the Han dynasty, and renamed the Li Palace (the Resort Palace). In the Tang dynasty, Li Shimin (Emperor Tai Zong) ordered to construct the Hot Spring Palace, and Emperor Xuan Zong had a walled palace built around Lishan Mountain in the year of 747. It was known as the Huaqing Palace. It also had the name Huaqing Pool on account of its location on the hot springs.

Huaqing Pool is located at the foot of the Lishan Mountain, a branch range of the Qinling Ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. It is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. So it has the name of the Lishan Mountain (Li means a black horse).

The Tang dynasty Emperor Xuan Zong and his favourite lady, Yang Gui Fei used to make their home at Frost Drifting Hall in winter days. When winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. However, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. It owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. This is the Frost Drifting Hall that greets us today.

Close by the Frost Drifting Hall lies the Nine Dragon Pool. According to legend, the Central Shaanxi Plain was once stricken by a severe drought in the very remote past. Thus, by the order of the Jade Emperor (the Supreme Deity of Heaven), an old dragon came at the head of eight young ones, and made rain here. Yet when the disaster was just abating, they lowered their guard so much that it became serious again. In a fit of anger, the Jade Emperor kept the young dragons under the Jade Cause Way (玉堤), with the Morning Glow Pavilion and the Sunset Pavilion built at both ends of it respectively, to make the young dragons spout cleat water all day long to meet the needs of local irrigation. Besides, he had the old dragon confined to the bottom of the Roaring Dragon Waterside Pavilion situated at the upper end of the Jade Causeway, and obliged him to exercise control over the young.

The Nine-Bend Corridor west of the Nine Dragon Pool leads directly to the Marble Boat, which resembles a dragon boat on the water surface. In the Marble Boat lies the Nine Dragon Tang (the Nine Dragon Hot Spring where Emperor Xuan Zong used to take baths). At the head of his court ladies and hundreds of his officials, he would come to the Huanqing Palace to spend his winter days in October of the Lunar calendar and return to Chang’an City as the year drew to its close. The Nine Dragon Hot Spring was originally built with crystal jade, whose surface was decorated with the carvings of fish, dragons, birds and flowers. In it twin lotus flowers also carved with white jade could be seen as well. The spring water welled from the break of an earthen jar, and spouted up to the lotus flowers. Hence the name Lotus Flower Tang (the Lotus Flower Hot Spring).

The Gui Fei Bathing Pool was where Yang Gui Fei, Emperor Xuan Zong’s favorite lady, used to take bath. It was originally built with white jade, and in its center a blooming flower spouted water like a spring. The pool looked very much like a Chinese flowering crabapple; Hence its name the Chinese Flowering Crabapple Hot Spring or the Lotus Hot Spring..

Lady Yang used to make a stay in this pavilion to see sights or to air her hair after a bath. Therefore, it was named the Hair Airing Pavilion. Whether the sun was rising or setting, the pavilion was aglow with sunshine; hence the name the Flying Roseate Pavilion.

Southwest of the Gui Fei Bathing Pool stands a brick-built pavilion. On its head three big Chinese characters Xi Jia Lou” (Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion)are inscribed according to the model of the most celebrated according to the model of the most celebrated Chinese calligrapher, Yu You Ren, here is the source of the spring water.

At this spa there are four hot springs. They have an hourly flow of 112 tons, and a constant temperature of 43°C. The spring water contains lime, sodium carbonate, sodium sulphate and other minerals, which makes it suitable for bathing and considerable treatment of quite a few diseases such as dermatosis, rheumatism, arthritis and muscular pain. The Fine Sunset-Bathed Pavilion marks the first source of the spring water, which was discovered some 3,000 years ago, roughly in the Western Zhou Dynasty. Its water flow averages 25 tons per hour.

Take up the steps east of the source of hot springs, you will gradually see the Five-Room Pavilion where Chiang Kaishek made a temporary stay during the Xi’an Incident.

The Xi’an Incident took place on December 12, 1936, and it is also known as the Double Twelfth Incident. After the Incident of September 18, 1936, the Japanese imperialists seized the three provinces northeast of China, and intensified their invasion of North China. This was the very moment vital to the Chinese nation. Yet Chiang Kaichek persisted doggedly in carrying out his reactionary policy domestic tranquility is a must for the resistance against Japanese invades,” and commanded the Northeast Army and Northwest Army, respectively headed by Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, to attack the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Inspired by our Party’s policy let us stop the internal war and unit to resist the Japanese aggressors,” those two generals made to Chiang Kaishek the proposal of forming a united front with the Communist Party for the resistance. Not only did he reject the proposal, but flew to Xi’an to scheme the suppression of the Communist Party.” And the slaughter of the patriotic youth. Out of patriotism, Zhang and Yang started the famous Xi’an Incident.

Very early on the morning of December 12, 1936 the Incident was impending. Zhang Xueliang, together with Yang Hucheng ordered a squad of bodyguards to surround the Huaqing Pool. They fought a fierce battle there, and wiped out Chiang’s bodyguards in one vigorous effort. The sound of firing came to Chiang Kaishek, and he was so terrified that he crept out of the window with his nightgown and slippers only. What’s more, he hurt his spinal bone, and lost one of his slippers while crossing over the back wall. He staggered up Lishan Mountain, and hid himself behind a stone in the crevice halfway on it. Those brave soldiers began to search the mountain immediately when they rushed into the Five-Room Pavilion to find that Chiang’s hat and clothes were still there and that his quilt remained warm. In the end they found Chiang Kaishek, and thus escorted him to Xi’an.

In order to avoid a civil war and try t establish a national united front for the resistance against Japan, Mao Zedong on behalf of the C.C.P.C. insisted on a peaceful settlement of the Incident. Therefore, a delegation headed by Zhou Enlai was sent to Xi’an. Zhou Enlai and his suite did a large amount of work there, took everything possible into consideration, and ultimately forced Chiang Kaishek to accept the proposal by his two generals. On December 25, Chiang was freed, and flew back to Nanjing. The Xi’an Incident was so peacefully settled.

The peaceful settlement of the Incident put an end to the internal war which had lasted for ten years, and accelerated the formation and development of the national united front for the anti-Japanese drive. Moreover, it showed that the co-operative relationships between the Communist and Nationalists arrived at a new stage. It marked a great turning point in modern Chinese history.

In the year of 1946 the KMT government had a National Rejuvenation Pavilion” built near the crevice where Chiang Kaishek had hidden himself in the Incident. It was also called Vital Energy Pavilion”. After the national liberation it was renamed Catching Chiang Pavilion”. Close by the pavilion stands a wooden board which carries a brief introduction to the Xi’an Incident. Iron chains and rings in the crevices east of the pavilion, by which visitors can climb up to take a look at Chiang Kaishek’s shelter.

Up the winding path east of the Five-Room-Pavilion you will catch sight of a bridge-like construction. It shines regularly with a myriad of evening sun rays both in summer and autumn, and looks very much like rainbow. So it has the name of the Hovering Rainbow Bridge.

Located on the Xixiu Ridge (the West Embroidery Ridge) of the Lishan Mountain, the remains of the beacon tower of the Western Zhou Dynasty seem easy to identify.

The beacon tower was mostly built at the top of the mountain to give border alarm in ancient times. It was constantly under special control. Once the enemies were pressing on towards the border, the beacon tower began to take effect: it was made to smoke in the daytime while set on fire at night.

The story goes that Bao Si, Queen of the Western Zhou dynasty was highly honored, yet she never cracked a smile. King You tried many ways to put a smile on her face, but he failed over and over again. He called his court band to toll bells and beat gongs”, and she pulled a long face. Then the band were asked to play the bamboo flute and strings” and she remained displeased. Afterwards, maids of honour served wine, festively singing and dancing,” and she did not let out a smile at all.

You don’t like music! What on earth are you fond of?” the King asked.

I nearly have a liking for nothing. But I can still well remember I liked to give ear to the sound of tearing a piece of coloured silk when I was a child. It was clear anf melodious,” she replied. King You said in excitement, That is very simple. How come you didn’t let me know it earlier?”

Thus he ordered the officially appointed property manager to offer coloured silk, and made fresh and energetic maids of honour to tear it into pieces. Hundreds of bolts of coloured silk were utterly torn, but Bao Si remained unmoved.

Why didn’t you let out a single smile then?” he asked.

I have never smiled so far, ” the Queen replied.

The King tried over and over again, but failed repeatedly, and in the end he gave orders, Anyone both in and out of court who can amuse Bao Si will be awarded one thousand pieces of gold.”

Afterwards Guo Shifu, a treacherous court official came and offered advice: Set the beacon tower on fire and fool your sovereign rulers.” That night the King and Queen reached the Lishan Mountain by carriage, and gave the order. In the split second the flames of the fire lit up the sky ad the sovereign rulers moved their troops immediately to the Lishan Mountain. There they found nothing but that the King and Queen enjoyed drinking festively. The King then dispatched his bodyguard to inform them that Everything should have been all right. I have just been joking with you.” When they got this, they looked at each other in blank dismay, and left disappointed. Sure enough, Bao Si burst into laughter, stroking her hands when she noticed all the troops come in vain and go noisily. Accordingly, Guo Shifu got a prize of one thousand pieces of gold. Later on King You did so more often than not. In 771 B.C. Quan Rong (a then minority tribe) staged an armed rebellion against the Western Zhou Dynasty. King You ordered urgently to set the beacon tower on fire, but all the sovereign rulers remained unmoved. Consequently King Yu was killed, and Bao Si was taken away. The Western Zhou dynasty vanished. Herein come the Chinese idiom A single smile costs one thousand pieces of gold” and The sovereign rulers are fooled by the beacon fire.”

出租人：

承租人：

出租人(甲方) 证件类型及编号： 承租人(乙方) 证件类型及编号：

依据《中华人民共和国民法典》及有关法律、法规的规定，甲乙双方在平等、自愿的基础上，就房屋租赁的有关事宜达成协议如下：

第一条 房屋基本情况

(一)房屋坐落于北京市 区(县) 街道办事处(乡镇) ，建筑面积 平方米。

(二)房屋权属状况：甲方持有 (□房屋所有权证/ □公有住房租赁合同/ □房屋买卖合同/ □其他房屋来源证明文件)，房屋所有权证书编号： 或房屋来源证明名称： ，房屋所有权人(公有住房承租人、购房人)姓名或名称： ，房屋(□是 / □否) 已设定了抵押。

第二条 房屋租赁情况及登记备案

(一)租赁用途： ;如租赁用途为居住的，居住人数为： ，最多不超过 人。

(二)如租赁用途为居住的，甲方应自与乙方订立本合同之日起7日内，到房屋所在地的社区来京人员和出租房屋服务站办理房屋出租登记手续。对多人居住的，乙方应将居住人员情况告知甲方，甲方应建立居住人员登记簿，并按规定报送服务站。本合同变更或者终止的，甲方应自合同变更或者终止之日起5日内，到房屋所在地的社区来京人员和出租房屋服务站办理登记变更、注销手续。在本合同有效期内，居住人员发生变更的，乙方应当自变更之日起2日内告知服务站，办理变更登记手续。

居住人员中有外地来京人员的，甲方应提供相关证明，督促和协助乙方到当地公安派出所办理暂住证;居住人员中有境外人员的，(□甲方 /□乙方)应自订立本合同之时起24小时内到当地公安派出所办理住宿登记手续。

租赁用途为非居住的，甲方应自订立房屋租赁合同之日起30日内，到房屋所在地的房屋行政管理部门办理房屋租赁合同备案手续。

第三条 租赁期限

(一)房屋租赁期自 年 月 日至 年 月 日，共计 年 个月。甲方应于 年 月 日前将房屋按约定条件交付给乙方。《房屋交割清

单》(见附件一)经甲乙双方交验签字盖章并移交房门钥匙及 后视为交付完成。

(二)租赁期满或合同解除后，甲方有权收回房屋，乙方应按照原状返还房屋及其附属物品、设备设施。甲乙双方应对房屋和附属物品、设备设施及水电使用等情况进行验收，结清各自应当承担的费用。

乙方继续承租的，应提前 日向甲方提出(□书面 / □口头)续租要求，协商一致后双方重新签订房屋租赁合同。

第四条 租金及押金

(一)租金标准及支付方式： 元/(□月/ □季/ □半年/ □年)，租金总计：人民币 元整(￥： )

支付方式：(□现金/□转账支票/□银行汇款)，押 付 ，各期租金支付日期： .

(二)押金：人民币 元整 (￥： ) 租赁期满或合同解除后，房屋租赁押金除抵扣应由乙方承担的费用、租金，以及乙方应当承担的违约赔偿责任外，剩余部分应如数返还给乙方。

第五条 其他相关费用的承担方式

租赁期内的下列费用中， 由甲方承担， 由乙方承担：(1)水费(2)电费(3)电话费(4)电视收视费(5)供暖费(6)燃气费(7)物业管理费(8)房屋租赁税费(9)卫生费(10)上网费(11)车位费(12)室内设施维修费(13) 费用。

本合同中未列明的与房屋有关的其他费用均由甲方承担。如乙方垫付了应由甲方支付的费用，甲方应根据乙方出示的相关缴费凭据向乙方返还相应费用。

第六条 房屋维护及维修

(一)甲方应保证房屋的建筑结构和设备设施符合建筑、消防、治安、卫生等方面的安全条件，不得危及人身安全;承租人保证遵守国家、北京市的法律法规规定以及房屋所在小区的物业管理规约。

(二)租赁期内，甲乙双方应共同保障房屋及其附属物品、设备设施处于适用和安全的状态： 1、对于房屋及其附属物品、设备设施因自然属性或合理使用而导致的损耗，乙方应及时通知甲方修复。甲方应在接到乙方通知后的 日内进行维修。逾期不维修的，乙方可代为维修，费用由甲方承担。因维修房屋影响乙方使用的，应相应减少租金或延长租赁期限。

2、因乙方保管不当或不合理使用，致使房屋及其附属物品、设备设施发生损坏或故障的，乙方应负责维修或承担赔偿责任。

第七条 转租

除甲乙双方另有约定以外，乙方需事先征得甲方书面同意，方可在租赁期内将房屋部分或全部转租给他人，并就受转租人的行为向甲方承担责任。

第八条 合同解除

(一)经甲乙双方协商一致，可以解除本合同。

(二)因不可抗力导致本合同无法继续履行的，本合同自行解除。

(三)甲方有下列情形之一的，乙方有权单方解除合同：

1、迟延交付房屋达 日的。

2、交付的房屋严重不符合合同约定或影响乙方安全、健康的。

3、不承担约定的维修义务，致使乙方无法正常使用房屋的。

4、 ______________________________________

(四)乙方有下列情形之一的，甲方有权单方解除合同，收回房屋：

1、不按照约定支付租金达 日的。

2、欠缴各项费用达 元的。

3、擅自改变房屋用途的。

4、擅自拆改变动或损坏房屋主体结构的。

5、保管不当或不合理使用导致附属物品、设备设施损坏并拒不赔偿的。

6、利用房屋从事违法活动、损害公共利益或者妨碍他人正常工作、生活的。

7、擅自将房屋转租给第三人的。

8、_________________________________

(五)其他法定的合同解除情形。

第九条 违约责任

(一)甲方有第八条第三款约定的情形之一的，应按月租金的 %向乙方支付违约金;乙方有第八条第四款约定的情形之一的，应按月租金的 %向甲方支付违约金，甲方并可要求乙方将房屋恢复原状或赔偿相应损失。

(二)租赁期内，甲方需提前收回房屋的，或乙方需提前退租的，应提前 日通知对方，并按月租金的 %向对方支付违约金;甲方还应退还相应的租金。

(三)因甲方未按约定履行维修义务造成乙方人身、财产损失的，甲方应承担赔偿责任。

(四)甲方未按约定时间交付房屋或者乙方不按约定支付租金但未达到解除合同条件的，以及乙方未按约定时间返还房屋的，应按 标准支付违约金。

(五) .

第十条 合同争议的解决办法

本合同项下发生的争议，由双方当事人协商解决;协商不成的，依法向有管辖权的人民法院起诉，或按照另行达成的仲裁条款或仲裁协议申请仲裁。

第十一条 其他约定事项

本合同经双方签字盖章后生效。本合同(及附件)一式 份，其中甲方执 份，乙方执 份， 执 份。

本合同生效后，双方对合同内容的变更或补充应采取书面形式，作为本合同的附件。附件与本合同具有同等的法律效力。

甲方(签章)：_________乙方(签章)：_________

签订地点：_________签订地点：_________

_________年____月____日_________年____月____日

这场疫情防控思政大课课程学习后引起了强烈反响，学生们进行了充分的讨论与学习。新疆农职院动物科技分院学生党员张_深有感触地说：“疫情从情势严峻到现在的逐渐好转，这次疫情阻击战的胜利来自于党的正确领导和社会各界的帮助。在这场没有硝烟的战斗中，无数党员挺身而出，英勇奋斗，用实际行动践行着他们的初心和使命，作为一名90后党员，我钦佩他们的勇气和担当，今后，我要在自己的工作岗位上，鲜明亮出党员身份，做岗位先锋。”

学院园林科技分院学生党员赵__表示，青年的责任就是在为祖国奉献的时候，挥洒自己的青春。青春因为奋斗而弥足珍贵，在燃烧自己的同时，用自己的青春来提升自己，武装自己!上下同欲者胜，风雨同舟者兴。只要我们众志成城，同舟共济，一定能够度过疫情肆虐的寒冬，迎来欣欣向荣的春天。

“作为当代大学生，面对疫情我们要调整好心理状态，不要恐慌，不信谣，不传谣;多做运动，转移注意力。通过这堂思政课的教导，我明白了少年强则国强的道理，明白了爱国的意义。越是苦难越自律，越是艰险越向前。一场重大疫情，也是一场人生大课。我们要科学理性有思想，我们要珍惜生命爱自然，我们要胸怀信仰敢担当，相信在全国共同努力下，无论多少困难都可以战胜。”经济贸易分院学生布麦日耶姆·杰力力说。

新疆农职院生物科技分院学生穆__激动地表示：“收看的思政大课使我认识深刻，受益匪浅。我对我国在疫情中的担当感到骄傲自豪，同时也对新冠病毒有了更全面的认识。磨难压不垮，奋起正当时。在举国上下万众一心，众志成城做好防疫的特殊时刻，作为青年的我们更应该用青春之担当与祖国共渡难关。”

出租人(甲方)： 证件类型及编号：

租赁代理机构： 备案证明编号：

承租人(乙方)： 证件类型及编号：

依据《中华人民共和国民法典》及有关的法律、法规的规定，甲方委托代理出租房屋的房地产经纪机构(即租赁代理机构)和乙方在平等、自愿的基础上，就房屋的租赁的有关事宜达成协议如下：

第一条 房屋基本情况

(一)房屋坐落于 区(县) 街道办事处(乡镇) ，建筑面积 平方米。

(二)房屋权属状况：甲方持有(□房屋所有权证/ □公有住房的租赁合同/ □房屋买卖合同/ □其他房屋来源的证明文件)，房屋所有权的证书编号： 或房屋来源的证明名称： ，房屋所有权人(公有住房承租人、购房人)姓名或名称： ，房屋(□是 / □否) 已设定了抵押。

第二条 房屋租赁情况及登记备案

(一)租赁用途： ;如租赁的用途为居住的，居住人数为： ，最多不超过 人。

(二)如租赁的用途为居住的，甲方应自与乙方订立本合同之日起7日内，到房屋所在地的社区来京人员和出租房屋服务站办理房屋出租登记手续。对多人居住的出租房屋，乙方应将居住人员情况告知甲方，甲方应当建立居住人员登记簿，并按规定报送服务站。本合同变更或者终止的，甲方应自合同变更或者终止之日起5日内，到房屋所在地的社区来京人员和出租房屋服务站办理登记变更、注销手续。在本合同有效期内，居住人员发生变更的，乙方应当自变更之日起2日内告知服务站，办理变更登记手续。

乙方为外地来京人员的，应填写《来京人员信息登记表》(见附件一);居住人员中有外地来京人员的，甲方应提供相关证明，督促和协助乙方到当地公安派出所办理暂住证;居住人员中有境外人员的，(□甲方 /□乙方)应自订立本合同之时起24小时内到当地公安派出所办理住宿登记手续。

租赁用途为非居住的，甲方应自订立房屋租赁合同之日起30日内，到房屋所在地的房屋行政管理部门办理房屋租赁合同备案手续。

第三条 租赁期限

(一)房屋租赁期自 年 月 日至 年 月 日，共计 年 个月。甲方应于 年 月 日前将房屋按约定条件交付给乙方。《房屋交割清单》(见附件二)经甲乙双方交验签字盖章并移交房门钥匙及 后视为交付完成。

(二)租赁期满或合同解除后，甲方有权收回房屋，乙方应按照原状返还房屋及其附属物品、设备设施。甲乙双方应对房屋和附属物品、设备设施及水电使用等情况进行验收，结清各自应当承担的费用。

乙方继续承租的，应提前 日向甲方提出(□书面 / □口头)续租要求,协商一致后双方重新签订房屋租赁合同。

第四条 租金及押金

(一)租金标准及支付方式： 元/(□月/ □季)，租金总计： 人民币 元整(￥： )。

租金支付方式：押 付 ，各期租金支付日期: 。甲方委托的租赁代理机构在 银行开立房屋租赁代理租金专用账户，帐号为 ，乙方通过第 种方式按期将租金(含押金)交存到租金账户：

1、委托租金账户开户行按合同约定代扣租金，乙方在 银行开设付款账户，帐号为 ;

2、乙方将租金直接汇入租金账户(包括汇款、转账或POS机刷卡等方式);

3、因乙方原因不能将租金直接存入租金账户，乙方委托租赁代理机构代交租金。租赁代理机构应在24小时内将租金存入租金账户，不得直接收存或存入其他账户。

(二)押金： 人民币 元整 (￥： ) 租赁期满或合同解除后，房屋租赁押金除抵扣应由乙方承担的费用、租金，以及乙方应当承担的违约赔偿责任外，剩余部分应如数返还给乙方。

第五条 其他相关费用的承担方式

租赁期内的下列费用中， 由甲方承担， 由乙方承担：(1)水费(2)电费(3)电话费(4)电视收视费(5)供暖费(6)燃气费 (7)物业管理费(8)房屋租赁税费(9)卫生费(10)上网费(11)车位费(12)室内设施维修费(13) 费用。

本合同中未列明的与房屋有关的其他费用均由甲方承担。如乙方垫付了应由甲方支付的费用，甲方应根据乙方出示的相关缴费凭据向乙方返还相应费用。

第六条 佣金

本合同签订后(□即时/ □ 日内)，租赁代理机构可按月租金的 %收取佣金人民币 元整(￥： )，其中乙方应向租赁代理机构支付月租金的 %，即人民币 元整(￥： )作为佣金，支付方式：□现金/□转帐支票/□银行汇款(甲乙双方支付的佣金总额应不超过月租金标准)。

第七条 房屋维护及维修

(一)甲方应保证出租房屋的建筑结构和设备设施符合建筑、消防、治安、卫生等方面的安全条件，不得危及人身安全;承租人保证遵守国家、北京市的法律法规规定以及该房屋所在小区的物业管理规约。

(二)租赁期内，甲乙双方应共同保障该房屋及其附属物品、设备设施处于适用和安全的状态：

1、对于该房屋及其附属物品、设备设施因自然属性或合理使用而导致的损耗，乙方应及时通知甲方修复。甲方应在接到乙方通知后的 日内进行维修。逾期不维修的，乙方可代为维修，费用由甲方承担。因维修房屋影响乙方使用的，应相应减少租金或延长租赁期限。

2、因乙方保管不当或不合理使用，致使该房屋及其附属物品、设备设施发生损坏或故障的，乙方应负责维修或承担赔偿责任。

第八条 转租

除甲乙双方另有约定以外，乙方需事先征得甲方书面同意，方可在租赁期内将房屋部分或全部转租给他人，并就受转租人的行为向甲方承担责任。

第九条 合同解除

(一)经甲乙双方协商一致，可以解除本合同。

(二)因不可抗力导致本合同无法继续履行的，本合同自行解除。

(三)甲方有下列情形之一的，乙方有权单方解除合同：

1、迟延交付房屋达 日的。

2、交付的房屋严重不符合合同约定或影响乙方安全、健康的。

3、不承担约定的维修义务，致使乙方无法正常使用房屋的。

(四)乙方有下列情形之一的，甲方有权单方解除合同，收回房屋：

1、不按照约定支付租金达 日的。

2、欠缴各项费用达 元的。

3、擅自改变房屋用途的。

4、擅自拆改变动或损坏房屋主体结构的。

5、保管不当或不合理使用导致附属物品、设备设施损坏并拒不赔偿的。

6、利用房屋从事违法活动、损害公共利益或者妨碍他人正常工作、生活的。

7、擅自将房屋转租给第三人的。

(五)其他法定的合同解除情形。

第十条 违约责任

(一)甲方有第九条第三款约定的情形之一的，应按月租金的 %向乙方支付违约金;乙方有第九条第四款约定的情形之一的，应按月租金的 %向甲方支付违约金，甲方并可要求乙方将房屋恢复原状或赔偿相应损失。

(二)租赁期内，甲方需提前收回该房屋的，或乙方需提前退租的，应提前 日通知对方，并按月租金的 %支付违约金，甲方还应退还相应的租金。

(三)因甲方未按约定履行维修义务造成乙方人身、财产损失的，甲方应承担赔偿责任。

(四)甲方未按约定时间交付该房屋或者乙方不按约定支付租金但未达到解除合同条件的，以及乙方未按约定时间返还房屋的，应按 标准支付违约金。

第十一条 合同争议的解决办法

本合同项下发生的争议，由双方当事人协商解决;协商不成的，依法向有管辖权的人民法院起诉，或按照另行达成的仲裁条款或仲裁协议申请仲裁。

第十二条 其他约定事项

本合同经双方签字盖章后生效。本合同(及附件)一式 份，其中甲方执 份，乙方执 份，租赁代理机构一份， 执 份。

本合同生效后，双方对合同内容的变更或补充应采取书面形式，作为本合同的附件。附件与本合同具有同等的法律效力。

出租人(甲方)签章： 承租人(乙方)签章：

租赁代理机构签章： 国籍：

委托代理人 ： 委托代理人 ：

联系方式： 联系方式：

经纪执业人员签字：

资格注册证书编号：

年 月 日 年 月 日

房屋租赁合同

出租方(甲方)： (以下简称甲方)

承租方(乙方)： (以下简称乙方)

中介方(丙方)： 房产咨询有限公司(以下简称丙方)

甲方委托丙方负责房屋承租方(乙方)的寻找及初步洽谈事宜，并见证甲、乙双方本合同的署过程。丙方收取乙方现金大写)______(小写：____元)作为中介服务费。

甲方与乙方签订一下房屋租赁合同，在合法平等自愿相互信任的基础上，签订本合同，承诺遵守：

第一条、前提

甲乙双方签订位于 市 路 号 幢 层的房屋，所有权认为 ，面积是 平方米。

第二条、租赁期限及价格

1、房屋租赁期限为 个月，自 年 月 日至 年 月 日止;

2、房屋租金为人民币(大写) 元整，小写 元(此租金不含税金、物业管理费、有线电视、水电和宽带费用，仅包括房屋使用费)

3、租金支付方式： 个月支付一次，即每次支付租金为 元整。

4、租赁期满，乙方若需要续约，则需在租赁期满30天通知甲方;

5、乙方须准时支付房东房屋租金，下次付款需提前30天支付给房东，每逾期一天，则乙方须按每月租金的5%支付滞纳金，若拖欠1个月，则房东有权收回房屋，乙方须按照实际居住日缴纳租金并承担违约责任;

第三条、房屋押金

为确保乙方合理并善意的使用该房屋及其它配套设施，乙方应该在签订本合同并缴纳首期租金时支付房东人民币 元整，小写 元作为押金。乙方若无违约，且乙方交纳清使用的所有电话费，税费，电费，物业管理费等费用，且家具没有损坏，房东应全部归还乙方所交纳的押金。

第四条、租赁条件

1、房东须出示该房屋的《房屋所有权证》身份证或有权利决定该房屋出租的相关证明。

2、未经房东书面同意，乙方不得将房屋部分或全部转租他人。若擅自转租，房东有权利终止合同，由乙方承担对房东的违约责任。

3、甲方需为乙方开通水、电设施，甲方不提供任何设施。

4、因乙方使用过程中，若有任何设施需要维修，由乙方自行维修，甲方不处理。

第五条、房屋产权变更

如房东依法定程序将房屋所有权转移给第三方时，无特别约定的情况下，本合同对新的房屋所有人继续有效。

第六条、本合同的终止

1、租赁期限届满或经乙方及房东协商一致本合同终止。

2、乙方应该在期满当日将房屋钥匙及正常使用状态下的房屋配套设施交给房东。房屋置留的一切物品均视为放弃，房东有权处理。

3、若乙方或房东中的一方违约，另一方有权终止合同，并向对方提出赔偿要求。

第七条、违约的处理

1、房东违约的处理

①房东未按合同规定的时间将功能完好及附属设施完好的房屋提供给乙方使用的，每逾期一天，房东应按月租金的5%向乙方支付违约金，逾期7天仍不履行，乙方有权终止合同。房东应按上述规定支付违约金，若乙方实际损失超过违约金，乙方可据实追索房东责任。

②租赁期内若非乙方过失房东不得擅自解除本合同提前收回房屋。

2、乙方的违约处理

①未经房东的书面同意，乙方擅自将该房屋转租，转借;

②乙方利用该房屋从事违法活动的;拖欠房租一个月以上的，乙方应向房东支付相当于年租金8%的违约金，若违约金不足弥补甲方损失的，房东可据实追索乙方责任，房东有权终止本合同。

③租赁期内若乙方擅自退租，乙方应按合同总租金的8%向房东支付违约金。

第八条、免责条款

1、房屋及其设施由于不可抗力造成的损失，乙方即房东双方互不承担责任。

2、由于政府政策等原因导致合同不能全面履行的，乙方与房东双方互不承担责任。租金按照实际使用时间计算，多退少补。

第九条：其它

1、本合同一式两份，甲乙双方各执一份，已经签名，立即生效。

2、本合同所带附件具有本合同相同的法律效应。

3、乙方与房东履行本合同时所发生的争议由乙方与房东协商解决，不能解决时有第三方仲裁机构进行仲裁。

甲方(签名及盖章)： 乙方(签名及盖章)：

日期：年月日 日期：年月日

丙方(签名及盖章)：

日期：年月日

签约地点：

经纪人：

我们现在要去参观一号俑坑。这是最大的一个坑。我们看坑里的兵马俑，一行行，一列列，十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵，这就是当年秦始皇统帅的大军。这座皇陵占地约有二十五万平方米。在这皇陵周围有守卫，差不多守卫了二千多年。

秦始皇兵马俑有三大特点一是多，现已挖掘出的兵马俑，分三大俑坑，约有八千多个武士俑，六百多个战马俑。二是精，大到布局排阵，小到肌肤纹理无不蕴含巧思，一丝不苟。三是美，秦兵马俑有令人震撼的壮丽之美，气势雄伟，威武雄奇，展示了中华人民的强大力量和英雄气概。

大家好!我是梦幻旅行社的一名优秀导游.很荣幸,今天能带领大家一起去已被列入>的秦始皇陵及兵马俑坑游玩.那么现在我们就出发吧!

秦兵马俑，在古今中外的雕塑是上是绝无仅有的，它惟妙惟肖地模拟军阵的排列，生动的再现了秦军雄兵百万、战车千乘的宏伟气势。

现在已发掘出三个俑坑，每个俑坑中都有兵马俑，共八千多个。一号坑最多，兵马俑近六千多个。

现在一号坑上已盖起了一座巨大的拱形大厅。请大家向前看，这就是我所说的拱形大厅。大家请随我来到大厅上。请往下看，这些兵马俑一行行，一列列十分整齐，排成了一个巨大的长方形军阵。

大家现在看到的兵马俑似乎“一摸一样”，但是，如果仔细端详，就会发现它们神态各异。下面我就来介绍几种兵马俑：

这是将军俑，他身材魁梧，身披铠甲，手握宝剑，昂首挺胸，一看就是久经沙场;这是武士俑，他们身高有1.8米，体格健壮，手持兵器，整装待发;武士俑一旁就是骑兵俑，骑兵佣上身穿短甲，下身穿着紧口裤，右手持缰绳，左手持弓箭，好像随时准备上马冲杀。

下面，大家自己游玩，我提几点要求：1.大家不要在兵马俑上乱写乱画。2.果皮纸屑不要乱丢。3.小朋友不要骑在陶马上。

每个兵马俑都是极为精美的艺术精品，请你们仔细观看，它们是千姿百态的：看，有的神态庄重，好像已经做好了思想准备;有的面带挂意，好像在想什么;有的向远处遥望，好像在想胜利后的情景;有的昂首挺胸，神态自若，好像已经知道谁胜谁负了。

现在，我的解说完毕，祝大家游玩愉快。