无锡阖闾古城导游词最新20篇

Lihu lake, also known as Wulihu Lake, is the inner lake of Taihu Lakeextending into Wuxi. It is located in the southwest suburb of Wuxi, a famouscity in the south of the Yangtze River. It is about 10 kilometers away from thecity center and is shaped like a gourd.

The name of Lihu comes from the legend of Fan Li and Xi Shi: it is saidthat in the spring and Autumn period more than 2400 years ago, Wu Yue wasdefeated and captured in the battle of Fu Jiao, King Gou Jian of Yue. Fan Li, asenior official of the state of Yue, gave advice. Gou Jian endured humiliationand took the policy of "lying on the staff, tasting courage, and striving forgovernance". He found a gorgeous beauty, Xi Shi, in RUOYE stream of Zhuji Zhuluomountain. He was given the mission of humiliating himself and serving thecountry. He made Wu King Fu Chai indulge in wine and sex, lost his guard againstYue, and killed his loyal minister Wu Zixu. When the state of Wu was destroyed,Fan Li ranked first. Gou Jian is suspicious, so he can only share weal and woe,not happiness. Fan Li retired after success, and sailed in Taihu Lake and 72peaks with Xi Shi. After entering Wuli Lake, I missed the beautiful sceneryhere. I went boating on the lake all day and couldnt bear to leave for a longtime.

Lihu park also has good scenery. The lake is dotted with water chestnut,and the reed and calamus are elegant. There is also a man-made beach. Althoughit is not as small as a natural beach, it is also a good place to play in thewater. The cool water rippling on the feet is very pleasant.

The construction of Lihu Park adheres to people-oriented and water as thesoul. In the garden surrounded by clear water, small bridges and trestles withdifferent shapes make up all the scenic spots in the garden. The garden in thegarden -- Shiyuan, embracing with green shade. Built with four pavilions ofLiuyun, Tianyuan, Yuehong and Qinghui, and a 100 meter long corridor around thewater, the water mirror corridor will collect the ancient and modern poems,paintings and photographs of celebrities praising Taihu Lake, and show theprofound cultural heritage of Lihu lake. It can also serve as a platform for thepublic to participate in Lihu cultural activities and exchange exhibitions. Lihupark is the best place to watch Lihu bridge.

Lihu Park in Wuxi is a free park. Located in the North Bank of Lihu, BinhuDistrict, Wuxi City, Jiangsu Province, China, it was officially opened to theoutside world on October 1, 20__. Covering an area of 300 mu, the park isdesigned by American Pan Asia e-way company and Wuxi Landscape Design Institute.The garden is dominated by plant landscaping, with four seasons of flowers andtrees forest belts of "beauty of spring", "beauty of summer", "charm of autumn"and "condensation of winter". The water mirror Gallery, a circular 100 meterlong corridor built around the water, displays the ancient and modern poems,paintings and sculptures praising Taihu Lake.

各位游客：

大家好!我很荣幸能担任你们的导游，这次就由我来带着大家领略丽江古城的美景。

在还没到丽江之前我先给大家介绍一下古城的大概情况及历史。丽江古城位于大理北部，拉萨东南部，与长江第一弯、“三江并流”自然景观和虎跳峡只有一箭之遥，咫尺为邻，和玉龙雪山遥相呼应。在1996年的一次7。8级大地震中损失惨重，可就是这一次地震才让这被世界遗忘的古城重新焕发出光彩。古城内都是纳西族的“三坊一照壁”式民宅。纳西人还有自己的文化——东巴文化。东巴文化是由象形文字、经书、舞蹈、绘画、音乐、哲学、天文、历法等构成。正因为这些才让丽江古城于1997年12月被列入《世界遗产名录》。讲了这么多，不知不觉我们已经来到了丽江古城，请大家慢慢下车，去亲身体验丽江古城的魅力吧!

如果用“条条街道见流水，家家门前有水流”这句话来形容丽江古城，是最恰当不过的了。你们有没有发现我们走的这条街，中央有条小河，河上有上百座石桥，两岸都是民居及酒吧。关于这条河，这里的居民都有一个不成文的约定：早上七点之前不能洗衣服，只能洗菜，谁不遵守，谁就没有朋友。

走过这条流水淙淙的小街，就来到有名的四方街。四方街是一个坡形的小广场，它虽不大，但四通八达。每一个直角处都有一条小街，最上方的一条街可以去古城的最高点，能看到古城的全景：正下方无数个瓦片屋顶映入眼帘;远方玉龙雪山高耸入云。下面两条街左边的那条叫美食一条街头，里面的美食让你眼花缭乱;右边的那条叫购物一条街，衣服、裤子……样样齐全。现在我给大家一小时的时间自由活动，可不要忘了上车哦!

一个下午的时间一下子就过去了，大家一定没看够吧，欢迎您下次有机会再来这美丽的古城——丽江。

大家好!欢迎大家来游览丽江古城，我是小导游马小胡，请大家多多关照!

朋友们，现在我们漫步在古城，大家看，古城中店铺林立，各式的商品应有尽有，尤其是那光亮的铜器，一直都是游客为之称道的，好了，下面请大家慢慢欣赏吧，可千万别掉队哟!

朋友们!丽江自古就是重要的政治和经济中心，说到木府，据传说，丽江世袭土司为木姓，木字若加上个框，既成“困”，木府便因忌讳而不设墙。中国明代著名的旅行家徐霞客在丽江游记上写道：“宫室之丽，似于王者。”“民房群落，瓦屋栉比。”

各位朋友，今天玩得开心吗?丽江古城一日游就要结束了，希望下次还能为大家做导游。

山西平遥古城导游词诸位游客，大家好。

我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会通过决议，将我国云南省丽江古城、山西省平迢古城和江苏省苏州古典园林列入《世界遗产名录》。现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。

平遥古城，历史悠久。据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。京陵城就建在今平远县城东北约7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。从那时起，至今已有2820xx年左右历史了。

现在这座平送城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。大约在北魏太武帝朽跋燕时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为乎迢县.并把县治从别处迁到这里。建城时间应该是这以后的事。在湿长的历史岁月中.这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次道受战火的破坏。我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。

平遥古城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。就是街道民居.也基本保存明清时代风貌。漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、秸雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。平遏不仅历史悠久.而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、着名画家李苟、着名歌唱家郎兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

各位游客，大家好，很高兴能成为你们的导游，我姓戴，你们可以叫我戴导，今天我们游览的地方——云南丽江古城。

大家跟我来。这里就是云南丽江古城。云南丽江古城具有自然与人文双重魅力被人们称为忘却时光之地，又称为“保存最为完好的四大古城”之一。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没城墙的古城。云南丽江古城地处云贵高原，海拔2400余米，全城面积达3.8平方公里。我们现在来到了虎跳峡。

这有一个传说。怒江、澜沧江、金沙江是三姐妹，大姐怒江爱发怒，二姐澜沧江爱着急，三妹金沙江娴静。父母要把三姐妹嫁往西方，金沙江暗约两个姐姐往南逃去。来到云南丽江石鼓镇，两个姐姐执意继续南游，金沙江却立志去太阳升起的东方，就告别姐姐，转身向东去，于是形成了“长江第一湾”。父母派玉龙、哈巴兄弟追逃的三姐妹。两兄弟来到云南丽江白沙，面对面坐着挡住去东方的路。两人跑累了，约定轮流守候，谁放走姐妹就按家法问斩。轮到哈巴守候的时候，玉龙睡着了。金沙江见状，就放轻脚步，唱起优美的催眠歌。她一连唱了十八支，哈巴听着也睡着了。金沙江乘机从他们的脚掌间溜了过去。玉龙醒来，见金沙江早跑到东方去了，而哈巴还在酣睡，只好按家法砍下哈巴的头，转过背痛哭。两兄弟从此化成玉龙雪山和哈巴雪山，哈巴的头变成一块巨石落在江中，形成虎跳峡，而金沙江唱的十八支歌变成了虎跳峡的十八滩。

云南丽江古城到处有美丽的景象，说也说不尽。剩下的时间，大家可以自由拍照，注意安全。

这座古城叫归德府城，建于明朝正德年间，即1551年，距今已489年。这座古城建的很美，它是按八卦修建的，也有人称它为“八卦城”，这座城外圆内方。

古城有四个城门。东门叫“宾阳门”。宾客的“宾”，太阳的“阳”。因出东门迎着太阳，所以叫“宾阳门”。南门因拱着“太阳”，所以叫“拱阳门”。北门因拱着北斗星，所以叫“拱辰门”。这里的“辰”，是指北斗星。西门叫“垤泽门”。“垤”作“丘”，古时说的商丘，不是指这座城池，而是指城西南的阏伯台，那个高丘，就是“商丘”。水为泽，因为睢水自西东上，路经城南。西方有丘有水，所以西门叫“垤(叠)泽门”。这四座城门的名字都起的很美。

内城的地势呈拱背形，象乌龟的背一样，中间高，四周低，略向南倾斜。南门东、西两侧，各有一水门，通过这两个水门把水排进护城河。需要说明的是，内城的南门和城墙，是北宋南京城的北城门和北城墙，距今已逾千年。在地面上能保留上千年城墙，实属罕见。

很多建筑专家认为，商丘古城是一座很有科研价值的历史文化名城。所以，1986年被国务院公布为国家级历史文化名城，1996年又被公布为国家重点文物保护单位。她也是陇海和京九线上的一颗明珠。

这六座雕塑是唐代为睢阳殉难的六忠烈塑像。商丘古城坐落在睢水北岸，即睢水之阳，所以称睢阳。安史之乱时，安禄山的儿子安庆绪，杀掉了安禄山，为了夺取唐王朝的江山，不惜派重兵十三万夺取睢阳城。睢阳太守许远和真源令张巡合兵一处，只有6800将士。这6800将士抵挡叛军十三万。许远自知不如张巡，主动让贤。张巡授命于危难之时，指挥了这场惊天地、泣鬼神的睢阳守卫战。粮食吃尽了，捕鼠罗雀，就是逮老鼠捉麻雀吃。老鼠、麻雀吃光了，连草纸、树皮也吃净。有的战士，就偷偷地将死者的尸体吃掉。在万不得已的情况下，张巡又将自己的妻子杀掉让士兵吃，士兵不忍吃，张巡就拔出佩剑，喝令将士为了大唐江山和黎民百姓一定要吃下去。含着眼泪分而食之。最后终因寡不抵众城破，叛军用刀压住张巡的脖子，劝张巡投降，张巡破口大骂，他们又把刀插进张巡嘴中，把舌头搅碎，牙齿搅落，杀害在睢阳城一小巷内。所以后人称此巷为“断头巷”。

民国初年，在蠡湖畔建青祁八景，1927年-1936年在原有基础上建蠡园，后几经扩建。相传春秋时范蠡、西施退隐太湖，即在这里泛舟，园内的建筑多以范蠡、西施为主题，来这一看爱情，二看精致。

进蠡园大门往左是假山群，先不去假山那玩，一圈逛出来时再去。走百花山房方向，向南到四季亭。四季亭指的是一方水塘的四条边上各有一个亭子，春亭旁种梅花，夏亭旁种夹竹桃，秋亭旁栽桂花，冬亭旁种腊梅。四季亭北边有块大草坪，在草坪上坐坐，和三四好友聊天，或者来顿野餐，十分惬意。四季亭西边是舢板码头，可在湖上划船，脚踏船参考价25元/40分钟，手划船参考价20元/40分钟。

继续向南走，到蠡湖上的长堤“南堤春晓”。这里是春天赏花最好的地方，堤上一排垂柳，柳枝随风摇摆，柳树间夹种着很多桃树，桃花品种很多，一棵桃树上还会开出不同颜色的桃花。还有梨花、樱花，吹落的花瓣铺在湖面上，好似一副花团锦簇的锡绣。南堤春晓的西南角有望湖亭“月波平眺”，在那有游船码头，可坐游船去西施庄。

诸位游客，大家好：

我国历史文化名城平遥就要到了，右前方那高耸的砖墙就是我国现存较为完整的四座古城池之一平遏城。1997年12月3日，联合国教科文组织世界遗产委员会通过决议，将我国云南省丽江古城、山西省平遥古城和江苏省苏州古典园林列入《世界遗产名录》。现在大家可以观赏一下古城的远景和比较完整的外观。

平遥古城，历史悠久。据载：西周时期周宣工为抵御北方游牧民族的侵扰，曾派兵北伐萨犹，并修建了京陵城。京陵城就建在今平远县城东北约7公里的京陵衬，京陵二字作为地名一直沿用至今。这可以说是平遥建城的开端，也是现在乎迢城的前身。从那时起，至今已有2800年左右历史了。

现在这座平遥城始建于何时，历史上没有明确记载。大约在北魏太武帝拓跋陶时，为避名讳，将原来的平陶县改为平遥县。并把县治从别处迁到这里。建城时间应该是这以后的事。在漫长的历史岁月中。这里曾有过她的繁华，也曾多次遭受战火的破坏。我们现在看到的这座城墙，是明代洪武三年，即1370年把原来的土城墙加高加厚加砖扩建而成的，明清以来虽曾数次维修，但风格未变。

平遥城内古建筑保存很多，像文庙大成殿、清虚观、市楼、城隆庙、武庙戏台等。就是街道民居。也基本保存明清时代风貌。漫步街头，还会看到各种古色古香的院门、院埔、精雕细刻的古建筑装饰，甚至还能看到门前的接马石桩、下马石等，一派古城风貌。

平遥不仅历史悠久。而且名人辈出。是敢于不顾“满门抄斩”的恐吓、秉笔直书的若名晋代史学家孙盛、以“映雪读书”流传千古的孙康等古代名人，当代已故中科院历史研究所所长侯外庐、已故语言研究所副所长侯秸一、已歇中国文学研究会会长王瑶、著名画家李苟、著名歌唱家郭兰英等都出生在这片古老的土地上。平适古城不愧为历史文化名城。

(过惠济桥)

我们现在正行驶在惠济桥上，惠济桥是一座九拱石桥，修建于清代康熙年间，同治年间重建。清代名宿傅山先生曾亲笔为它写道碑记。这座桥规模不等大。历史也不算很长，但造型优美。桥面平坦，没有像一般石桥那样高高隆起，便于车马行走。而且更有一个奇处，就是这座桥下还有一座桥。下面的桥不见文字记载，人们原来也不知道。1977年8月，一场暴雨造成特大洪灾，滚滚洪水带走了不少淤积多年的`河沙。水退后，人们惊奇地发现：原来惠济桥叠架在旧桥的桥面上，形成桥上桥的奇观。利用旧桥做新桥的牢固基础，既节省财力、人力，又省时间，多聪明的构思叼!这在造桥史上也是一个奇迹。

平遥古城到了。请大家随我上城墙参观

这里就是乎遥古城的“下东门”。大家看这高达12米的城墙多雄伟、多壮观。在城外，本来还有护城河。城门处架有吊桥。在古代战乱的日子里。这的确是一道难以逾越的防线。

我们进来后这个地方是下东门瓮城，它是为保卫城门而设立的。城门是城墙上的薄弱环节，有了瓮城。就大大增强了城池的防卫手段。这里地方根小，四周为高墙围护，即便敌人攻入瓮城也只能进来少数人，而且立即陷入包围之中，成为瓮中之鳖。有的瓮城门并不是开在城门对面，而是拐个弯开在旁边。更可防止冲入的敌兵一较作气冲到城门下。通过拐弯来消解敌兵锐气。这些设计思想都是古人在长期实战经验中总结出来的。

大家看。瓮城里还有一个建造讲究而小巧的院落。这是干什么的呢?原来这是一座小关帝庙。关帝是武圣人。把关庙修进瓮城里，却是平遥人的独特创造。请大家随我进城，上城墙参观。

现在我们已经在城上了，这里本来还有城楼。在战争中毁掉了。这座建在城墙上的台，传说就是尹吉甫的点将台。尹吉甫是周宣王的大将，在历史上游藩有名，《律经冲的《较高》、《冠R2等几首诗就是他作的、前面提到的那有名的对北方游牧民族0l犹的北伐，就是由他指挥的。为了巩固北伐的成果，他还在这里修建了京陵城。尹吉甫遗迹这里还有多处。在京陵村附近还有一处村茁叫尹村，传说是尹吉甫当年驻兵酌地方。在上东门外有尹吉甫募，募前一通明代石碑上大书“周卿士ZJ吉甫神道”八字。上东门里还有一座纪念尹吉甫的小庙。

请大家随我观赏一下古城的建构。

(带游客向南浸步。边走边说，约走2—3个墩台即可停下)

我们看城墙上两边各有一道短堵，叫女儿墙，为什么叫女儿墙呢?宋代官府编写的《营造法式》上有个书面解释：“言其卑小。比之于城，若女子与丈夫也。”意思是说城墙高大厚实，保伟丈夫;女墙单薄短小，像弱女子。民间有的地方却流传着这样的故事：早先城上并没有女儿墙，有一次一个老人被拉来做工，和他相依为命的小孙女也天天随他来到城上。坐在旁边观看。一天，一位累极了的民工昏昏沉沉中竞走到城墙边上，小女孩伯他掉下城去，用力向里推他，不料用力过大，民工虽得救了，小女孩却摔死了。为了纪念她，工匠们在城上修起了矮墙，并把它叫做女儿墙。这实在是个感人的故事，但确实说明了女儿墙的保护性功能。我们看：两边的女儿场并不一样，向外的女儿墙上还修筑了垛口，垛口还留着供臆望和射击使用的小孔。这当然是为了实战的需要。

大家都注意到了，城墙每闲一段，就有一个向外突出的部分，这叫做墩台。墩台是干什么的呢7它是保卫城墙的。我们知道。古代攻守城他的主要武器是弓箭和弯机，上面既可射下去，下面也可射上来，因此守城的士兵轻易不敢探出身去。这样，城墙脚下反丽成丁防御的死角。有了墩台。就可以弥补这个不足、从三面组成一个强大的立体射击网，城防力量大大加强。在每个塌台上，还修有一座敌楼，上面有孔，也是为观察和射击用的。

干遥古城除了具备这些共性持点外，还有自己独特的地方。

城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩。把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。

尊敬的各位游客：

你们好!

今天我们来到风景秀丽的云南丽江古城。丽江古城位于玉龙雪山脚下，丽江古城的一大特点是没有城墙。请问各位游客，您见过那座古城没有城墙呢?恐怕没有吧。这就是丽江古城的特点。原来，因为丽江古城的首领姓木，他想，木围上就围墙不就是困了。他觉得这个字不吉利。就不要围墙了。可能有的人要问了，如果没有围墙，可能就会受到异族的侵略了。到那时没有防范措施怎么办?这个不用担心，丽江古城是四面环山，山又很高。可以将山当作的围墙。所以不用担心异族的攻击。

现在，我们看到丽江古城的两座大风车，他们叫母 子轮。大的是妈妈，小的是儿子，怎么样，形象吧?我们在向前走，这个广场就是四方街了。四方街是一条历史悠久的街道。它可是茶马古道的必经之路。在这我们顺便讲讲茶马古道的故事。茶马古道是一条运盐巴，茶叶的道路，它从香格里拉一直到。因为路上很危险，运输的队伍又经常遇险或被异族的人抢了货物杀害。所以，至今还有很多人记得他们。

再往前走，这座八角宝塔型的建筑就是丽江古城的木府。它是丽江首领居住的地方，所以人们现在一直还保留着。丽江古城的景点很多，一定要细细游览。

丽江纳西人历来重教尚文，许多人擅长诗琴书画，丽江古城导游词。在古城多彩的节庆活动中，除了通宵达旦的民族歌舞和乡土戏曲，业余演奏的“纳西古乐”最为着名。其中，《白沙细乐》为集歌、舞、乐为一体的大型古典音乐套曲，被誉为“活的音乐化石”;另一部丽江《洞经音乐》则源自古老的道教音乐，它保留着许多早已失传的中原辞曲音韵。丽江纳西古乐曾应邀赴欧洲多国演出，受到观众的热烈欢迎和赞誉。由于乐队成员多是来自民间年逾古稀的老人，因此又有“纳西寿星乐团”的美誉。

大智大慧的纳西先民，在漫长的社会实践和生产劳动中，创造了光辉灿烂的东巴文化。东巴文化以东巴教为载体，以东巴经为主要纪录方式，它是伴随着纳西族漫长历史发慌逐步形成和演化的活形态文化，约形成于唐宋时期，有近千年历史。东巴教是纳西族原始宗教，且兼收并蓄其他宗教，笃信万物有灵，为多神教。东巴文是一种兼备表意和表音成分的图画象形文字。纳西象形文字只有1400多个单字，但词语异常丰富，能充分表达细腻的情感，也能记叙说明复杂的万事万物，还能写诗作文章，是目前世界上唯一“活着的象形文字”。用象形文字书写并保留下来的经-文共有两万余册。卷帙浩繁的经书，内容丰富多采。涉含哲学、历史、天文、宗教、巫医、民俗、文学、艺术等各方面，堪称纳西族古代社会的百简科全书。东巴文化以其自己独特的科研价值和艺术价值，几百年来始终吸引着许多中外学者和有志之士，前来研究翻译和观赏。东巴文化是纳西人民对世界人类的伟大贡献。

纳西古乐是古城文化的灵魂与象征，是丽江古城一道典雅的风景。纳西古乐是唐宋以来的一些词牌和曲牌音乐。在洪武年间(公元1368年)以后，这种音乐就陆续地传到了丽江。这种音乐在中原地区早已成为绝音，但自传至丽江后被广泛地传播开来，在乡村在小镇随处都听到这美妙的声音。纳西古乐保存至今，还有22个曲目，其中有的融进了纳西族自己的思想感情和演奏风格。纳西古乐被中外学者和广大音乐爱好者称为“音乐活化石”、“和平之音”、“仙乐天音”。聆听纳西古乐使人真正感受到“此曲只应天上有，人间能有几回闻”的意境。经过近二十年的弘扬与宣传，纳西古乐已走出国门走向世界，在世界乐坛上找到了自己应有的位置。1995年大研古乐会出访英国引起轰动;1997年2月在香港艺术节演出受到高度评价;1998年在被称为中国最高音乐殿坛的北京音乐厅演出，进一步证明了纳西古乐的艺术价值;1998年5月受挪威国王的邀请，在挪威国庆节上隆重演出;之后，相继前往法国、比利时、瑞典、中国台湾、美国等国家和地区演出，受到了热烈欢迎和高度评价。纳西古乐以其独特的艺术魅力放射出灿烂的光辉，日益为世界所认识和青睐。

闻名于世的丽江壁画，分布在古城及周围15座寺庙内，这些明清壁画，具有多种宗教及各教派内容融合并存的突出特点。遗存于丽江白沙村大宝积宫的大型壁画《无量寿如来会》，把汉传佛教、藏传佛教和道教的百尊神佛像绘在一起，反映了纳西族宗教文化的特点。

丽江一带迄今流传着一种图画象形文字“东巴文”。这种纳西族先民用来记录东巴教经-文的独特文字，是世界上唯一活着的图画象形文。如今分别收藏在中国以及欧美一些国家图书馆、博物馆中的20xx0多卷东巴经古籍，记录着纳西族千百年辉煌的历史文化。其中称作《磋模》的东巴舞谱，包括数十种古乐舞的舞蹈艺术中，是极为罕见的珍贵文献。被誉为古代纳西族“百科全书”的东巴经，对研究纳西族的历史、文化具有重要价值。

穿过了五一街便看到了许多小桥，在我们脚下这座小石桥大家不防坐下来休息一下，看到桥旁“百岁坊”字样，不难猜测这就是百岁坊，试想一下百岁坊的由来，一般人都会想百岁坊老人有关，这就对了。好了，关于丽江古城的介绍就先到这了，剩下的时间大家请尽情的欣赏古城风景，在欣赏的同时呢别忘了保护古城的环境。

太湖仙岛，原称三山岛，俗称乌龟山，是鼋头渚景区内一组湖中小岛，总面积12公顷。由东鸭、西鸭、大矶、小矶4个小岛组成，总面积约2平方千米，周长约2.5千米。该岛如神龟静伏水面，绰约多姿，恍如"蓬莱仙岛"。岛上玉宇琼楼，石窟灵洞，林木苍翠，猕猴戏耍，中国传统文化内涵丰富多彩，处处美轮美奂，不啻一清旷疏朗，超凡脱俗的仙境胜地。逍遥游仙岛，定会给您留下"疑在画中，犹在镜里"的难忘记忆。

太湖仙岛位于鼋头渚西南2.6公里的湖中"三山"之上，形如神龟，俗称"乌龟山"。岛上林木繁茂，琼楼玉宇，瑶池灵洞掩映其间，建有仙岛牌坊、会仙桥、月老洞、天都仙府、天街、太乙天坛、灵宵宫、大觉湾、仙佛洞等景点，加上灵猴戏耍，是一处融中华传统历史文化于秀美山水的特色景观。游人置身岛上 ，听古乐，赏胜景处处，大有登临"蓬莱仙境"，飘飘欲仙之感。

太湖仙岛，展示着古老的道教文化和神话色彩，外分洞天福地和天都仙府等景区，中有古朴凝重、亭廊连结的会仙桥，会仙桥北的西鸭山，为洞天福地游览区，耸立着精雕细缕的"太湖仙岛"大牌坊，汉白玉浮雕影壁"玉帝巡天回銮图"。有专供猴子栖息和表演猴艺的花果山、水帘洞、演艺场，还装点着"神猴出世"、"齐天大圣牙旗"、"花果山石碣"，重现著名的古典小说《西游记》中的情景。主峰为天都仙府，内设天门天街、天都仙府、药王、文王、财神殿、灵霄宝阁、蟠桃瑶池、月老祠、太乙天坛等。天街上商店鳞次栉比，古色古香。仙桃形、石榴形、葫芦形等雕花门窗，玲珑多姿，恍若仙景。

天都仙府主体建筑占1320平方米，主楼三层五重檐，歇山顶，高22米，内设文昌、关帝、妈祖殿宇，两侧有六十花甲元辰廊。灵霄宫，七层四角，高38米，塑有玉帝神象。大觉湾，仙人洞，汇集着中国佛教、道教石窟艺术。其它还有祭天台、月老祠、鸳鸯亭等不少景点。

三山以孤见奇，以小取胜，若翠螺置于玉盘之中，林木葱茏，山径深邃，景观开阔，文徵明诗碑中的《太湖》诗云:岛屿纵横一镜中，湿银盘紫浸芙蓉。

谁能胸贮三万顷，我欲身游七十峰。

天远洪涛翻日月，春寒泽国隐鱼龙。

中流仿佛闻鸡犬，何处堪追范蠡踪。

如果我们到商丘古城而不到古城湖看一看，真是一大遗憾。那么今天我带大家一起去看看古城湖。八千亩的水面无比壮观，美丽的护城湖像一条玉带绕城四周，长达10余华里，湖水清澈见底，碧波荡漾，岸边垂柳临风，湖面波光粼粼，水鸟欢唱，蒲苇摇曳，荷花飘香，倘若驾一叶小舟，仰观古城风貌，俯察水中游鱼，谈古论今，定会触景生情，无比惬意。在美丽的城湖正南方矗立着一座巍巍壮观的祠堂——张巡祠，张巡祠是为纪念在“安史之乱”中血战睢(SUI)阳而壮烈殉国的民族英雄张巡、许远等人所建，是中原地区最大的仿唐建筑。至今站在大殿前依然可以想象到当年张巡等英烈为保守睢阳而英勇杀敌、浴血奋战的战争场面，虽最后城破失守但他们为平息叛乱，保护江淮黎民立下了不朽功勋，千余年来张巡等英烈一直受到海内外人民的无限崇拜和敬仰，文人墨客也多有吟咏，文天祥的一首“骂贼张巡，爱君许远，留取声名万古香”的诗句更是传颂千古。在美丽的南湖景区还有一景是不可不看的，那就是八关斋。八关斋是因唐代著名书法家颜真卿晚年在我们商丘有感于八关斋会写下的《唐宋州八关斋会报德记》而闻名。《八关斋会报德记》碑文为八棱石幢，共983字，其字体结构严谨，端庄雄健，被历代书法家誉为颜真卿楷书中的精品和神品。

而我们商丘古城三大景区之一的火文化景区更引人入胜，有燧皇陵、阏伯台、开元寺等，也向你讲述着一段段悠久的历史。商丘是火的发源地。早在1万年前，燧人氏在这里发明了人工取火，开创了人类文明历史的新纪元，燧人氏被人们誉为火祖，故商丘主火。燧皇陵至今还矗立在商丘大地上。燧皇陵，又名燧人氏陵园，是上古时期发明钻木取火的燧人氏的墓园，位于商丘古城西南三里处。据《归德府志》、《韩非子》、《左传》、《三皇五帝时代》等典籍记载：“燧皇陵在阏伯台西北”。据专家考证，燧人氏为天下第一人，是中华民族的始祖。燧人氏立方牙、观天象，确立了中华第一姓——“风姓”，研究制定了中国第一部历法，确立了商丘为天地之中，在商丘建立了中华第一都。由于他贡献巨大，被后人尊为“天皇”，位列“三皇”之首。商丘是火的诞生地，历史上多次在此取火，1992年4月12日，国际旅游观光年“黄河之旅”首游式点火仪式在这里举行;1992年9月18日，河南省七运会在此取火;20__年12月19日，“信用河南圣火”在此点燃;最值得骄傲的是我们与北京、南京并列为全国十运会三个取火点之一，20__年7月15日，河南省省委书记徐光春，河南省省长李成玉、国际乒坛名将邓亚萍、全国劳动模范，永煤集团总经理陈雪枫在此共同点燃了“华夏文明之火”。大家都学过：“唧唧复唧唧，木兰当户织吧”!她的主人公花木兰的故乡就是我们商丘。花木兰可谓是家喻户晓，妇孺皆知，是我国古代著名的女英雄，“代父从军”的壮举广为人知。自从美国动画片“花木兰”放映以来，她作为“巾英雄”的形象，更是风靡世界。花木兰本姓魏，是商丘市虞城县营廓镇人，公元578年4月，突厥入侵幽州，5月周武帝率五路大军亲征，因父年老，弟年幼，木兰便女扮男装，代父从军。征战疆场十二年。屡立战功。戌边归来，隋文帝欲封她为尚书，她坚持不授。归家后，脱去戎装，又现女儿真面目。木兰女扮男装的事情闻达皇上，皇上非常爱慕，欲选进宫中，木兰抗旨自杀，唐初追封为“孝烈将军”，后人为了祭祀她，就在其故里商丘虞城县营廓镇建造了木兰祠。

该祠始建于唐代，后多次重修扩建。原祠有大殿、献殿、后楼、僧人住室等百余间。大门内有花木兰的战马塑像和花木兰全家塑像，1943年毁于战火。如今，木兰祠堂大殿已原样重建，木兰仍戎装跃马，威风凛凛，东西殿房尖顶四脊，合瓦挑角，十七层封檐，前后园门，古朴典雅。现在的木兰祠已成为豫东的一大游览胜地。

大家好，那里就是灵山大佛，灵山大佛高88米，连同三层石头基座在内通高101.5米。比佛是一座山，山是一尊佛的四川乐山大佛还高出17米，是目前世界上最高的青铜佛像。

有一点是值得介绍的：那就是大佛的眼睛。

请你们不妨注意一下，不论你走近走远，或左或右，大佛的眼神似乎始终在跟随着你，关注着你。当你愈靠近大佛时，大佛的眼睛似乎也是逐渐睁开、睁大这是为什么呢难道眼睛真的会动的不成其实并不奇怪，那里绝没有任何神奇的色彩，是利用视觉差产生的效果。靠的就是艺术魅力，或者说是雕塑家的艺术功力。

我们整个大佛建造运用高科技拼装焊接而成，并且采用了完整的抗风、防震、耐腐蚀、避雷等措施。灵山大佛是分块铸造，然后再在现场将它们一块块地拼装，焊接在一齐，使它到达天衣无缝的程度。

大家想一想，那里面包含着多少技术资料和多大的工作量呀!尽管如此，但比起古代造铜佛的方法来说，那又不明白要省多少事了!

由于时间____，我在那里只能谈两个为什么

第一个为什么是：安装好的大佛，为什么是两脚离地的

这是因为灵山大佛的总体设计方案采用的就是整体悬挂方案。佛体铜壁板经过拼装焊接成整体以后，是透过副支架、主钢架直接悬挂在像楼房一样的钢筋混凝土主骨架上的。副支架总共有四、五千根，平均每块铜壁板有23根。整个佛像相当于有四、五千只手从里面加以托着和拉着。这样，铜壁板能够铸得尽可能的薄，节省铜料，经济合理。因此，做到最下面一层铜壁板是离地的。

第二个为什么是：大佛头上没有看到避雷针，它能防雷吗为什么

大佛头顶上如果装上一根避雷针，像一根小辫子那样翘在那里，当然不好看!其实，大佛头上不是没有避雷针，而且有很多，所不同的是避雷针不是尖的，而是球形的，那就有298个发髻。人们都明白避雷针务必是尖头的，但是，在英国及其殖民地范围内的避雷针都是钝头的。尖头避雷针只能使自身免遭雷击，却保护不了邻近地区也免遭雷击。钝头避雷针的状况就完全不同，它自身虽然遭到雷击，但因为接地良好而不受到损害，但却能以它为顶点，有效地展开一顶锥形保护伞，使伞下的物体免遭落雷的伤害。钝头避雷针更有利于构成闪电的通道。这样，螺形发髻的顶端，岂不正好适宜!

正由于灵山大佛的建造，包含了这许多科技资料。因此我们能够自豪地说：灵山大佛的建成，是我国国泰民安、国力昌盛的象征。如果不是国泰民安，谁还有心思集中精力造大佛呢如果没有先进的科技和强盛的国力，怎样可能建成象灵山大佛这样的大铜佛来呢

无锡清明桥历史文化街区是无锡市比较新的旅游景点，因为“水上游”这个项目在20xx年才正式开通，到如今不过短短几年。但是，和它开放的年限完全不同的是，这里的建筑历史悠久，文化底蕴深厚且耐人寻味，与现代大都市里面的钢筋水泥完全不同，在这里，你仿佛置身于一幅唯美非常的江南水墨画之中，是那样的小桥流水、那样的诗情画意，充满着浓郁的水乡气息。

清明桥历史文化街区围绕古运河而建成，东南西北各个方位依次为祝大椿故居、水仙庙、定胜河、跨塘桥，整个面积达到了440000平方米。清明桥又叫清宁桥，它的整体构造雄伟却又不失小巧可爱，是无锡现今为止最大、保存得最好的一座石拱桥，与沿岸的青砖白瓦照相辉映，古朴典雅、有着别样的味道，仿佛温婉可人的水乡女子，为古运河添上了一丝灵动的气息，是古运河上最亮丽的一道风景。

无锡的古运河包含在京杭大运河中，全长约有40000米，流经了整个无锡城，它的历史可以从商末算起，缓缓流淌的河水见证了无锡这座城市的繁荣和昌盛。两岸的民居鳞次栉比，斑驳的墙壁加上交织在一起的水弄堂，绘成了运河人家当年生活的一道缩影，若是游览时下起蒙蒙细雨，别提有多梦幻美妙了!

总的来说，清明桥历史文化街区是欣赏和品味江南水乡源远流长的运河文化的完美媒介，你一定不会失望。

无锡，是一个盛产水果的地方，又甜又大的水蜜桃远近闻名。

春风吹拂着桃树，桃树慢慢地结出了花苞。几天以后，花儿迎着轻轻的春风开了。有的像怕羞的姑娘紧咬着嘴唇不敢笑，有的像姑娘们粉红的笑脸。

花儿凋谢了，枝头上留下了一个个小小的青桃子。桃子慢慢地长大，变白。到了七八月份，桃子熟了。它的颜色、形状、味道非常惹人喜欢。

水蜜桃的颜色先是青的，渐渐泛白。到了熟透时，皮变得白而嫩，水灵灵的，透明发亮，好像碰一下就会碰出汁水来似的。桃子先是椭圆形的，上面长满了绒毛。这绒毛十分怪，用手摸一摸，一会儿手就会痒痒的。桃子渐渐成熟，毛也褪掉了，形状也由椭圆变成圆头带尖了。桃子未成熟时要用刀削皮。吃起来很硬。熟透后，只要用手轻轻一剥，桃皮就大块大块地掉了。汁水也流了出来。这时，白嫩的果肉就展现在你眼前了。咬一口，要立刻吮吸一口汁。要不，衣服、手、嘴巴上将溅满甜汁。这时，细细地品味，甜在心里，也凉在心里。我可喜爱吃哩!

记得小时候，吃得太多，撑得我肚子都痛了。

盛产水蜜桃的地方有大浮村、阳山村、陆区村。我为我的家乡有这么甜美的特产而感到自豪。

歙县古称徽州，位于皖南新安江上游的黄山风景区南麓，是一座山川秀丽、文风昌盛的文化名城和徽文化发源地，是明清时期曾盛极一时的徽商的发祥地。

我来到那一看，只见徽州古城的大门像以前皇宫里的红色城门，又高又大，特别引人注目的是那城墙上面的牌子‘徽州’，那字很像甲骨文，我看也看不懂，结果还是被爸爸识破了，它的下面有着一条横幅，上面写着：歙县欢迎您——来自海内外的中外游客!门外站着两只石狮子，他们站在方方石块上，瞧!挺拔的身体，好像是在保护着徽州古城。房子上插着中国的国旗——五星红旗，楼台的窗使用古老的木材和布制作而成的.，楼台上的瓦片到旁边都翘了起来，楼台下挂着喜气洋洋的红灯笼。

我爬上去眺望，“哇!”禁不住呼喊起来，那古城墙长长的，围住了中间三四层的楼房，那一些房子都是白墙黑瓦建成的，里面的人们不像外面街道那样人山人海，十分热闹，而是安安静静的。

美丽的徽州古城，真诚欢迎您走进徽山徽水，欣赏这“无声的诗，立体的画”。

文献名邦大理是中国唯一的白族自治州,是云南历史文化的最早发祥地之一.秦王朝把大理地区正式纳入统治的封建国家版图,汉王朝在这里设置郡县,唐代的南诏国和宋代的大理国在这里建国都,大理成为当时云南政治,经济,文化中心。大理古城是全国历史文化名城,有"献名邦","亚洲文化十字路口的古都"的美誉,是全国首批优秀旅游城市之一,荣获"最佳中国魅力城市"称号.悠久的历史及其灿烂的文化遗留下了众多的文物古迹.其中最负盛名的就是大理三塔,它以其悠久的历史,丰富的文化内涵及其独特的美学价值,于1961年被国务院例为第一批公布的全国重点文物保护单位,在众多游客的心目中,它是大理的象征,也是云南古代历史文化的象征.到了大理如果不游三塔,就不算游了大理.

大理三塔立在苍山之麓,洱海之畔.湖光山色把三塔打扮的分外妖娆,而三塔对持,金碧交辉,又把苍山洱海点缀得更加秀美.大理三塔就象美丽而多情的白族少女,以其

独特的卓越风姿,迎接着四面八方的游客.据载,大理三塔原是崇圣寺的一部分,如今寺院已在历代的战乱和灾害中毁坏,而三塔却历经千余年沧桑而保存了下来,这不能不说是一种历史的文化缘分.

三塔之中主塔又名千寻塔,建于唐代南诏国时期(公元836年),高69.13米,是16层方形密檐式空心砖塔,造型与西安小雁塔相似,为唐代典型的塔式之一----密檐式塔.说到这里,我们脑海里一定会浮现出我们所见过的一些形态各异的塔.大家知道塔按形式可以分为几种吗?还是让我来告诉大家吧!一般来说可分为4种:楼阁式,如西按大雁塔;密檐式,如西按小雁塔;覆钵式,如北京妙应寺白塔;金刚宝座塔,如北京真觉寺金刚宝座塔.听到这里,有人禁不住会问:西按的小雁塔,杭州的雷锋塔和大理千寻塔都是密檐式塔,它们又有什么不同之处呢?大理千寻塔高69.13米,而西安小雁塔仅高46米,如果把小雁塔比做苗条端庄的少女,那么在千寻塔面前也会黯然失色.杭州的雷峰塔建于宋代,只有5层,而大理千寻塔建于唐代,高16层,历史的久远和建造技法的高超无一不显示出大理三塔独特的魅力.尤其是明正德九年(公元1520xx年)大地震,千寻塔"裂二尺许,形如破竹",但"旬日复合";民国十四年(1920xx年)强地震,大理城十室九塌,而千寻塔仅塔刹震落,金鹏倒毁.这不能不说是奇迹.大家仔细看一定发现了塔前照壁上刻有"永镇山川"四字,字体苍劲有力,耐人寻味.为什么 千寻塔底座会有"永镇山川"四字呢?因为在历史上,大理是一个多水患的地方,"永镇山川"反映了当时修建三塔的一个重要原因是镇伏水患.同时,这四个字也体现了大理三塔的重要历史地位.顺便提一下,古往今来,塔的功能大致可以分为崇扬佛教,镇灾降邪,观赏三种.而千寻塔兼具三种功能于一身,具有教高的文化艺术价值....整理该文章，版权归原作者、原出处所有>>>

千寻塔还在令我们叹为观止,分立在大塔之后的南北两小塔又引起了我们的注意.两小塔分立于大塔西南,西北两面,均距主塔70米,与主塔成等腰三角形.它们是五代时期大理国建造的,两小塔形制一样,均为10层,高42.4米,为八角形密檐式空心砖塔.三塔各据一方,形成三足鼎立之势.从远处看,三塔浑然一体,气势雄伟,具有古朴的白族民族风格.

这里我还要告诉大家三塔具有不同于内地塔的两个特点:一是三塔层数均为偶数,而内地塔多为奇数.二是中原塔由基座向上直线收缩,下大上小,呈矩梯形;而三塔上下较小,中部较大,外部轮廓呈曲线,具有曲线美,与中原塔相比更为挺拔俊秀.

大理三塔千百年来历经岁月的沧桑和风雨的洗礼,仍巍然屹立.成为研究大理国历史及文化的重要实物资料.在当时,大理国的白族居民就能建造高达69米堪称中国南方第一塔的千寻塔,无疑是一个历史的奇迹.千余年来千寻塔是如何建成的一直是一个谜.相传古时修建三塔,采用的是垫一层土修一层塔的方法,塔修好后,将土筑层挖去,让塔显现出来,故三塔的建造方法一直都有"堆土建塔"和"挖土现塔"之说.由此也不难想见,南诏时期的大理已经呈现出经济繁荣,文化异彩纷呈,民族团结的空前盛况.1978年,在对三塔进行大规模维修时,在千寻塔内发现了佛教文物600余件,其中有大量的佛像和写本佛经,还有一尊金质观音像,极为珍贵.这些发现,揭开了古代大理这个"佛国"的神秘面纱.据载,南诏时期云南境内有小寺三千,大寺八百.当时大理崇圣寺成为佛教活动中心,而大理也被称为"佛国","妙香国".透过三塔,我们不难想像佛教文化对大理的深刻影响.

三塔参观完了,我们可以到"钟震佛都"的钟楼和雨铜观音殿去看一看.此钟与三塔崇圣寺的镇寺之宝,筑于南诏建极十二年,惜已毁于清咸丰年间,现在这口巨大铜钟是为庆祝香港回归祖国,按南诏建极大钟旧制而新造的,高3.86米,口径2.138米,重16吨多.钟楼高19.97米,取香港1997年回归祖国之意.钟楼后面是雨铜观音殿,里面供奉着云南最大最高的室内观音像---雨铜观音.雨铜观音像原铸于南诏建极十三年,可惜文革时期被毁,重铸造的雨铜观音像依据清末遗寸照片精心复制,高8.6米,加上莲花座和须弥座总高12.6米.莲花座与观音像为铜像贴金,重11吨.造型如唐吴道子所绘细腰颇足观音像,又有大理地区男身女相的特点.

Ladies and gentlemen, the scenic spot we are going to visit now is Liyuan.Liyuan, 10 kilometers away from Wuxi City, is located in Qingqi village on theNorth Bank of Qianhu lake. It is a famous garden in the south of the YangtzeRiver.

[a brief history of Liyuan: origin of its name - History of itsestablishment - distribution of scenic spots]

Liyuan is named after Lihu lake, formerly known as Wulihu Lake. It is aninner lake on the Northeast Bank of Taihu Lake, covering an area of 9.5 squarekilometers. It is said that more than 20__ years ago, fan he, a senior officialof the state of Yue, helped the king of Yue to perish the state of Wu. He becamefamous and lived in seclusion with Xi Shi. Later generations called the WulihuLake, where Fan Li and Xi Shi were boating, Liyuan also got its name.

The earliest construction of Liyuan was in the early years of the Republicof China. Yu xunzhen, a native of Qingqi village, planted willows and lotusroots on the Bank of Lihu lake. Then he built embankments and built thatchedpavilions to form "eight sceneries of Qingqi" such as "fragrant snow in meibu","spring dawn in Nandi" and "fish watching in Quyuan". He also set up a "scenicarea with bright mountains and beautiful waters" to show visitors, thus layingthe foundation for the development of Liyuan landscape. In 1927, Wang Yuqing,another native of Qingqi village, got rich in flour business in Shanghai andreturned to his hometown. On the basis of the "eight sceneries of Qingqi", hecreated 30 mu of land, dug pools to divert water and piled stones to form apeak. It took three years to build Liyuan. In 1930, Chen Meifang, anotherbuilder of Taiyuan, built another garden beside Liyuan. According to the rumorthat Fan Li raised fish with his villagers here, he named it "Yuzhuang" andclaimed that he would surpass Liyuan, so he named it "sailiyuan". In 1936, WangKangyuan, the son of Wang Yuqing, built Huxin Pavilion and Ningchun towerrespectively. After liberation, in 1952, after comprehensive renovation, WuxiMunicipal government built a thousand step corridor between Taiyuan andYuzhuang, thus connecting the two countries, collectively referred to as"Liyuan". In 1978, a new garden was built in the east of the corridor, formingthe scale of today.

Taiyuan now covers an area of 123 mu, of which the water surface accountsfor more than 40%. The whole garden is divided into four scenic spots: BaihuaMountain House, yuebo pingting, Nandi Chunxiao and Siji Pavilion in the East;Qianbu corridor, Huxin Pavilion and Ningchun tower in the West; rockery groupand Lianfang in the middle; and Chunqiu Pavilion in the new.

[Liyuan gate Baihua Mountain House] ladies and gentlemen, we are now at theLiyuan gate, which was rebuilt from the original Yuzhuang gate. The entrance isa 90 square meter open hall with a landscape of Liyuan on the right wall.Passing through the dark corridor, moon cave gate and rockery barrier, you cansee the famous Baihua Mountain House on the right side, which is piled with lakestones and rockery. It was built in 1934, the appearance of long windows for thefloor, with a variety of patterns carved. The hall is furnished with ancientfurniture, and plantain and palm are planted behind the house. The wall in thecloister of Baihua Mountain House is decorated with painted murals, whichvividly shows the main experience of Xi Shi to Sheng with the story of Xi Shi asthe clue. Xishi is one of the four beauties in ancient China. She was born inZhuji, Zhejiang Province. In the war between Wu and Yue, fan he, the counsellorof Yue, helped Gou Jian, the king of Yue, set up a "beauty trick" and offered XiShi to Fu Chai, the king of Wu, so that Fu Chai indulged in wine and sex andfinally perished.

From the corridor forward, the two-story building is "Zhuojinbuilding".

[rockery group Lianfang xierquan Tianxiang, Guilin]

Ill be a tour guide. Rockery and stone formation is the main feature ofTaiyuan scenic area. When Chen Meifang built the fishing village in 1930, hebuilt rockeries with Taihu stones, which were designed and built by JiangZiyuan, a native of Dongyang, Zhejiang Province. When you come to the rockerygroup, you can only feel the twists and turns of the road. Its like entering alabyrinth. The construction of rockery group enriches the content of garden,increases the wild interest of mountain forest, and separates the space ofscenic spot. These rockeries are all named with the word "cloud", includingyunwo, yunjiao, Chuanyun, Duoyun, Panyun, Guiyun, Liuyun, etc. The highest partof the rockery is Guiyun cave, which is 12 meters high. Here you can have apanoramic view of the whole garden. If we come here, do we have the feeling of"living in the mountain, not knowing the depth of clouds"? Although the rockeryis small, the scenery is unique. Beside the rockery group, there are alsopavilions, ponds, streams, curved bridges, stalagmites, and various kinds ofprecious flowers and trees, which have the scenery of Kuaiji OrchidPavilion.

The largest building in the rockery group is LIANHANG. It was built in1930. It faces the pond on three sides and connects with the revetment on oneside. It is divided into three compartments: the front compartment is a longlanding window, the middle compartment is decorated with low wall flowerwindows, and the tail compartment is separated by a pink wall railing.Navigation is a kind of boat shaped building built in the Garden Lake, which ismainly for people to stop and watch the waterscape during sightseeing. Mostgardens in the south of the Yangtze River Center on water, and Li Garden isbuilt on the edge of Taihu Lake. Therefore, Chen Meifang built this lotus boatin the rockery group, which makes visitors feel like they are in a boat insteadof rowing in the water, which fully reflects the intention of the gardener.

After the visit, we went south along the stone road. In front of us, thereis a spring well about one meter in diameter. The surrounding rocks are likeauricles. This is the famous "Xier spring". The big stone beside the spring,like a lion, seems to be guarding the spring. If you look at these Lake stoneson both sides of the stone road beside the spring, if you carefully identifythem, you can see the animal forms of the 12 zodiac animals. There is the word"Qianyu" on the stone bridge across the river. The landscape here is likescenery, so we have to admire the ingenuity of the gardeners.

Next, lets go around the rockery and come to a suddenly bright scenicspot. There are ten ancient osmanthus trees planted on the flat land, which arefull of green and fragrant, so it is called "Guilin Tianxiang". If you come hereduring the Mid Autumn Festival, you will be able to feel the taste of "Tianxiangcloud floating outside, Guizi moon falling in the middle".

[Jiuxu Pavilion - Siji Pavilion - yuebo Pingtiao - kongjie bridge]

I come to be a tour guide. I walk out of the rockery group and cross thestone arch bridge of Yuelao Pavilion. The pavilion that I see in front of me is"Hanxu Pavilion". This pavilion was originally located in the east of Liyuan. Itwas moved here when the fishing village was built. Originally, the pavilion wasdivided into eight sides, with low walls and long lattice windows on it. When itwas renovated in 1958, the flower windows and low walls were removed, making itthe open appearance now. In 1983, there was a statue of "Xishi Huansha". Infront of Hanxu Pavilion is the four seasons Pavilion. Although the fourpavilions have the same appearance, they have profound implications. Theyrepresent the four seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter in a year. Builtin 1954, the four seasons pavilion has a unique shape and a Xieshan Paviliontop. The three sides of the handrails inside the pavilion are called"meirenkao", and the top of the pavilion is decorated with aquatic plants lotus,lotus leaves and lotus pods. In ancient China, aquatic plants were regarded asmascots to avoid fire. How can we distinguish the four pavilions? First, we cansee the plants planted beside the pavilions: plum blossom and Yingchun besidethe spring pavilions; Nerium indicum beside the summer pavilions; Osmanthusfragrans beside the autumn pavilions; Chimonanthus praecox beside the winterpavilions. The second is to look at the location of the four pavilions. Wuxi islocated in the coastal area with a low latitude and a subtropical climate. Thewind directions in spring, summer, autumn and winter are mainly east, South,West and North. Therefore, the location of the four Pavilions in the East,South, West and north is determined.

Four seasons Pavilion also has a better name, which was selected in Wuxidaily in 1980. They are: Spring Pavilion is called "Yihong", Summer Pavilion iscalled "DiCui", Autumn Pavilion is called "zuihuang", winter Pavilion is called"Yinbai".

I came to be a tour guide and built a "six corner Pavilion" near the lakein the southwest corner of Liyuan, which is the most beautiful view of Liyuan.It has cornices, green tiles and red pillars. Because there was a crane on thetop of the pavilion, it is also called "crane Pavilion". In 1958, it wasdemolished during renovation and replaced with the current hulucan spire. Thereare 12 pieces of wood on the top, which are connected by brackets. There are 60Golden Phoenix carved on the top. Each five Phoenix is led by a dragon, andthere are two dragons playing with pearls in the middle, so it is also called"dragon and Phoenix Pavilion". In 1981, Wuxi calligrapher and painter Ni Xiaojinwrote the plaque of "yuebo Pingtiao" hanging in the center of the pavilion.Standing in the pavilion, you can overlook Wuli Lake and appreciate the sceneryof the lake and mountain, so it is also called "Wanghu affair".

Dear tourists, if we take a boat to visit Lihu lake here, we can see theBaojie bridge in the distance. It was built by Rong Desheng when he celebratedhis 60th birthday in 1934. The bridge has a total length of 375 meters, a widthof 5.6 meters and a height of 7.7 meters. There are 60 holes under the bridge,symbolizing rongdeshengs 60th birthday. Because the bridge is at the foot ofBaojie mountain, it is called Baojie bridge. Because it is the longest bridge inWuxi, it is also called Changqiao.

[Chunxiao in the South - Qianbu corridor - dark red smoke green - Ningchuntower]

At the front of the "Wanghu Pavilion" is the "South dike" beside the lake.In the early 1930s, Yu xunzhen planted peaches and willows here, known as"spring dawn on the south bank", and became the first of the "eight sceneries ofQingqi". Now there are more than 300 willows and 600 peach trees. Every spring,more than ten varieties of peach blossoms, such as Hongbi peach, ziye peach,Jinshan Jinbi peach and double petal Baibi peach, etc., are blooming, competingfor splendor and beauty, making this place extremely beautiful. Along the Southdike to the East, through the rockery cave, is a small patio, on the left is theincense tree, on the right is a wisteria, and then forward through the moon cavegate, is the corridor. The 289 meter long corridor, also known as "Qianbucorridor", was built in 1952. It not only connects Laoli lake and Yuzhuang, butalso forms a unique landscape. On the other side of the corridor is a long wallwith more than 80 leaky windows and various patterns made of green tiles. If youlook carefully, you will find that each pattern is different and unique. On theeast side of the corridor, there are 38 brick carvings carved by Su Dongpo, MiFu, Wang Yangming and others, which were inlaid when the garden was built in1928. Benches are set on the water side of the corridor, which not onlydecorates the corridor, but also provides visitors with a rest and a view byleaning on the fence. People can really appreciate the artistic conception of"mountain light shining on the sill and water circling the corridor". At theeast end of the promenade, the trestle and the promenade are connected by thepavilion in the center of the lake. The pavilion in the center of the lake is aflat bridge culvert structure, which extends about 50 meters into the lake. Itwas built by Wang Kangyuan in 1935. The pavilion is rectangular, with cornicesand corners. It is open on all sides. The top is covered with golden glazedtiles, and the bottom is made of yellow scaffolding materials. On one side ofthe wall, there is a mural of Jiahu Jiahua; on the other side, there is a plaqueof "clear red smoke green", which indicates that the scenery of Wulihu ischangeable, so it is also called "dark red smoke green" Shuixie. Across thewater from the pavilion in the middle of the lake is the "Ningchun tower", aboutseveral meters high, with five stories and octagons, red bricks and green tiles,small Lingxi, a combination of Chinese and Western culture, which is a famousscene in Liyuan.

[Banting Spring Autumn Pavilion]

Ive come to be a tour guide. Now when we return from the Qianbu corridor,we can see that at one end of the corridor, there is a unique building, which isconnected with the corridor. Half of the corridor and half of the pavilion, soit is called "Banting". Banting is an extension of Qianbu corridor, whichconnects Liyuan new area and plays a transitional role. It is also the bestplace to enjoy the Spring Autumn Pavilion.

Tourists: the three story Pavilion in front of us is "spring and AutumnPavilion". It was built in 1978. Lets get close to the pavilion. You can see:this single eaves building on the top of the hill stands at the highest part ofthe whole garden, adding a variety of layers to the architecture of Taiyuan.Under the eaves hung a horizontal plaque of "spring and Autumn Pavilion", whichwas written by Liu Haisu, a famous calligrapher and painter. The name of thepavilion comes from the story of fan Mai and Xi Shi in the spring and Autumnperiod. Tourists: there is an ambulatory in the pavilion, which can be viewedfrom afar. At the bottom of the pavilion, there is also a large mural "thepicture of Fan Lis Xi Shi boating" for you to enjoy. Now, please join me on thespring and Autumn Pavilion to enjoy the magnificent landscape of Liyuan!

Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Welcome to our beautiful Colorful Yunnan. Itsa great honor to meet you. Im Xiao Pu, our tour guide. Next to me is my littlefriend Xiao Li. We are very honored to be your tour guide. The place we aregoing to today is the ancient city of Lijiang, which is known as "Gusu on theplateau" and "Venice in the East". Perhaps you may think, how could Xiao Puboast so much about Lijiang? In fact, I dont exaggerate at all. The ancientcity of Lijiang is just because the Yuquan water runs through the whole city,which is divided into the West River, the middle river and the East River. Inthe ancient city, it is divided into more tributaries, walking through streetsand alleys, walls and houses. Street layout is free, not neat. The main streetis near the river, the alley is near the canal, and the clear spring flowsthrough the street, the town and the house. The poem "every family flows withwater, and every family hangs with Yang" is a true portrayal of this city, soalthough it is a small town on the Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, it has thecharacteristics of a water town in the south of the Yangtze River.

Dayan town

Next, let me tell you about the history of Lijiang. The ancient city ofLijiang is located at the foot of Yulong Snow Mountain. Surrounded by greenmountains, the city is like a big Jasper inkstone. In ancient times, "inkstone"and "Yan" were interlinked. Therefore, the chieftain of Ming Dynasty renamed theancient city "Dayan", which means prosperous culture and outstanding people.

Maybe before Lijiang in the future, everyone has heard that Lijiang ancientcity has one characteristic, that is, it is the only ancient city without citywalls in Chinas famous historical and cultural city. Why is there no citywalls? It is said that the hereditary rulers of Lijiang all have the surname ofmu, so building a city is bound to be like adding a frame with the word"trapped". The chieftain of Mu family did not set up a city wall because oftaboo.

The ancient city was built in the late Southern Song Dynasty with a historyof about 800 years. It has been a political, economic and military town inNorthwest Yunnan and a hub for the economic and cultural exchanges among Naxi,Khan, Tibet and other ethnic groups. Xu Xiake, a famous Chinese traveler in MingDynasty, once wrote that "the beauty of the palace is determined by the king",which is also the important town of the ancient tea horse road in history. Thecity covers an area of 3.8 square kilometers, with a permanent population of30000 and 16900 Naxi people.

Lijiang ancient city was listed as a national historical and cultural cityby the State Council in 1986, and as a world cultural heritage by UNESCO in1997. So what should we visit in Lijiang?

1、 Climbing the range rover, you can see the form of the ancient city. Theancient city skillfully used the terrain, with lion mountain in the west,Xiangshan Mountain and Jinhong mountain in the north. It was moved from thenorthwest to the southeast, avoiding the cold wind of snow mountain, leading tothe warm wind in the southeast and occupying the convenient place.

2、 The ancient city makes full use of the spring water. The Yuhe River inthe city is divided into three parts, three parts into nine parts, and thendivided into countless canals, clean and full of aura. [by [finishing]

3、 Walking along the street, you can see the buildings of the ancient city.The buildings in the ancient city are all simple courtyard residents. Thebuildings are simple and crude. The courtyard layout and the internal buildingsare rich and delicate, which constitute a harmonious relationship between manand nature.

4、 If you enter the city and cross the bridge, you can see the layout ofthe whole city. The layout of the ancient city is free and flexible. Stonebridges, wooden bridges, flowers, birds, fish and insects, musical instruments,chess, calligraphy and painting, and folk customs make the ancient cityunique.

Entrance to the ancient city

We have come to the entrance of the ancient city. Some people say its amother and sons water wheel, while others say its a couples water wheel. Howcan we not see the gate? In fact, you cant see it. Its also a wonder ofLijiang ancient city, that is, you cant see the city gate or the city wall,because there is no city wall or the city gate in the ancient city, because thehead of Naxi nationalitys surname is "Mu". If the city wall and the city gateare built, it will become "trapped". So there is no city wall or the city gatein the ancient city. Please see, this is the screen wall of President JiangZemins inscription "the ancient city of Lijiang, a world cultural heritage". Itis dignified and beautiful. "Three squares and one Zhaobi" is the architecturalfeature of Naxi folk houses. To the right is the water column. It reflects theimportance of fire prevention in civil structure buildings of ancient city atthat time, which is also the wisdom of Naxi ancestors. This is a world heritagemonument. The symbol is connected by a circle and a box, indicating the harmonybetween man and nature. Next, lets visit the ancient city!

Layout of ancient city

Ladies and gentlemen, there must be such a question in mind. There are manyancient cities like this in China. Why is this remote ancient city on theplateau chosen? If you want to get the answer, please follow Xiao Li. A lane, afamily, a careless you stand in a hundred years of history, this feeling, on theroad, in various courtyards, you can feel everywhere. Therefore, this ancientcity is not built for filming or mystery. Its a real and living ancient city.If you look at it, you will feel that its much smoother than the road you justwalked. The stone slabs with five flowers seem to have a lot of gravel in them.However, its a kind of lejiaoyan unique to Lijiang. Its collected from thesurrounding mountains. Because of its colorful colors, the local people call itfive flowers Stone, pedestrian horse tread, after hundreds of years, polishedsmooth and transparent, first-class rain, poetic at your feet, this street iscalled Xinhua street. On both sides of the street, you can occasionally seecouplets of different colors pasted on the doors of some peoples houses. SomeNaxi people have died, and they all have to commemorate three years. The firstyear is white couplet with black characters, the second year is green coupletwith black characters, and the third year is couplet pasted. This is thenostalgia of Naxi people for their dead relatives. After some forest likepavements, clear river water, small bridges and weeping willows, it is printedin your eyes, but you dont see it Passing by such a clear river, I can see rowsof tables and chairs and bursts of music coming into my ears. This is what theguests call "Foreigner Street". However, the shops on this street are not run byforeigners. The bars there are bookish, rebellious and pure business. Everyonecan get what they want. The convenient place for people in the city to"recharge" in Lijiang is

The bar looks for feeling, especially for foreigners. There are friends,there are bridges, water, as long as not drunk, life can find a moment ofcarefree. After passing the bar street, you can see a small stone bridge, whichis called pea bridge because it sold peas there earlier. The small gate buildingon the west of the bridge is Kegong square. Kegong square is named in the alleybehind the square. In the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, there were twobrothers of the Yang family in the alley, and in the Daoguang period, theiryounger brother was elected again. This is a matter of pride for Lijiang people.In order to praise the Yang family and encourage them, the government praisedthem This is a special place.

Standing there, looking to the East, you can see an open area. This is thecentral Sifang street. Sifang street is the central guangachang of the ancientcity, covering an area of about five mu. There are two main reasons why it iscalled Sifang street. One reason is that the shape of the square is very similarto the square magistrates seal. It is named Sifang street by the chieftain,which means "Quan Zhen Sifang". Some people say that the road there leads toSifang Fang is the distribution center of people and logistics in alldirections, so it is called Sifang street. Why is Sifang street so famous? If wesay that the silk road is another world-famous trade channel in the north ofChina, there is also a trade channel in the south of China known as the "teahorse ancient road". It is a trade channel for the horses, fur, Tibetan medicineand other specialties in the Tibetan area and Lijiang, and tea, silk, jewelryand other commodities in the south. Lijiang ancient city is an important town onthe tea horse ancient road, and Sifang street is the important one Since ancienttimes, Sifang street, the trade center of the town, has been an open-air fairwith a history of 300 years. It is necessary to realize the mystery of Sifangstreet. In the early morning, people who get up early begin to buy breakfast,which is a hazy Sifang street. In the afternoon, traders who buy copper,mountain goods and snacks form a prosperous market. This is the reason Sifangstreet is full of vigor and vitality; its just dark when businessmen go home,and after a time of friction, there are still people and sunshine left. The oldpeople basking in the sun at the bridge head are replaced by children playing,and the bars on both sides show the oily light of night, which is the makeup ofSifang street. At about two oclock in the morning, Sifang street people go toempty streets, and the alleys are deep and unpredictable, only the sound ofrunning water rises and falls, which is the reason Its Lijiang with a plainface. meet

Come down, let my little friend Xiao Li, continue to show you how tobrowse!

Ancient city dwellings

Next, lets go to "Naxi Siheyuan" for a visit! The folk in the ancient cityabsorbed the architectural culture of Han, Bai, Tibetan and other nationalities,but also integrated the national architectural culture and aestheticconsciousness, forming a lot of Naxi style of "three squares and one wall, fourin five patio". The architectural form of the front and rear courtyard, thesetting of the gatehouse and the front building, the patio paving, the six doorand its decorative lights constitute a strong local color and nationalcharacteristics. Speaking of this, lets go in and have a look. The "four infive patios" there are four houses in the southeast and northwest. There is asmall patio between each two neighboring houses, and there are five patios inthe middle. So its called "four in five patios". Four blocks of housing areupstairs and downstairs are imaginative, so it is also called "zouma cornerbuilding".

Friends may ask, which part of Naxi residence has the most Naxicharacteristics? That is Liuhe door and the window core on Liuhe door - "fourseasons Bogu". "Four seasons" is Nash, which means "four seasons". Reflectingthe high expectations of the Naxi people for life, this six door can beinstalled or removed, convenient and flexible. When it is opened, it is thedoor, and when it is closed, it is the window. At ordinary times, only the twoin the middle are opened. When there are red and white events, and there aremany guests, the six doors can be removed. In the composition of the windowcore, the famous flowers and different flowers, auspicious birds and animals,and perfect allusions are used to express the perfect wishes of Naxi people forfour auspicious seasons, happiness of fortune and longevity, and farming andreading.

Mufu

Dear friends, have you ever seen the TV series "Mufu Fengyun"? "MufuFengyun" is shot in Mufu. While enjoying the plot, you must be intoxicated withthe beautiful scenery and local customs of Lijiang. Now lets go to Mufu to havea look!

We visited the ancient city and Sifang street. If Sifang street is thecenter of the ancient city, Mufu is the heart of the ancient city and the "GrandView Garden" of Lijiang ancient city culture. The chieftain of Naxi surnamed Muonce ruled Lijiang for 470 years. After three dynasties of yuan, Ming and Qing,a total of 23 dynasties were continued, and this wooden mansion, known asLijiang Forbidden City, was built. Mus chieftain is loyal to the imperial courtand has been praised by the emperor for many times. This Zhongyi square wasapproved by the Emperor Wanli of Ming Dynasty. It is called "famous Three PagodaTemple in Dali and famous stone archway in Lijiang".

Please see, there is Mufu. The overall structure of Mufu, from east towest, is the Zhongyi square that we have just seen, followed by the front gate,Zhaobi, conference hall, wanjuan building, Dharma protection hall, guojielou,Guangbi building, Yuyin building and Sanqing hall.

The Mufu we see now was built after the earthquake of magnitude 7 in 1996.This is the assembly hall. The assembly hall is dignified, spacious andmagnificent. It is the place where the chieftains summon their guests. Look,there are three plaques on the door beam of the assembly hall, all of which arewritten with the words "serve the country sincerely". They are the commendationsof the three emperors Hongwu, Yongle and Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty. So why didthe imperial court rely so much on the Mu family? This is because the Naxipeople live in the hinterland of Jiangwan in the upper reaches of Jinsha River,with Tubo in the north and Nanzhao Dali in the south. These two local forcesoften became the unstable factors in the southwest frontier of the centraldynasty, so the Naxi nationality played an important role.

This is wanjuan building. Wanjuan building has three floors. Look, thereare no windows on the second floor. You cant see the second floor from thebottom of the building, so there are many precious books in it. To put itsimply, the wanjuan building is a place full of books, with books on the firstfloor, books on the second floor and books on the third floor. Now you can go inand visit yourself. Please abide by the order in the museum. Books can be readbut not touched! Behind the wanjuan tower is the Dharma hall. It is the house ofchieftains to discuss family affairs. In addition to the memorial tablets ofMus ancestors, there are benches, sticks and other tools for corporalpunishment. You can see that it is the place where Master Mu uses family rulesand family laws to discipline his children. It looks like the ancestral hall weusually call.

After passing the Dharma protection hall, we walk through an ancientoverpass. This overpass can be regarded as a creation of the chieftain of Mufamily, which is based on the local conditions and the people. In this way, thegovernment and the people are at peace and do not interfere with each other.Lets go up to the Guangbi building of Mufu. This is a 1:300 model of theancient city, where you can clearly see the whole picture of the ancient cityand Mufu. This is the Yulong bridge, the north entrance of the ancient city.This is the West River, the middle river and the East River. Who lost his way inthe ancient city, then, upstream must be able to walk to the Yulong bridge.These pictures show the rich history and culture and magnificent natural sceneryof Lijiang, please browse.

If you go further, this is the Yuyin building. On the first floor and infront of the building are the places where the chieftains sing, dance and feast.On the second floor are the places where the Fengzhao and Heshu are worshipped.There are copies of white sand murals in the hall. Baisha mural is a nationalkey cultural relic. It integrates Han Buddhism, Tibetan Buddhism and Taoism intoone picture, and makes three religions live in one room. This practice ofintegrating the three religions is rare in other places. In Lijiang, because theNaxi represented by Mus chieftain is an open nation, they are culturallyinclusive.

After yuyinlou, we come to the final building on the axis of Mufu, Sanqinghall. From there, we can have a birds-eye view of the ancient city and Mufu,and we can see the ancient city described by Xu Xiake as "Julu pianji, lingeringin the slope and valley", and Mufus "beauty of palace is like the king".

Mufu is a splendid garden of architectural art, which fully reflects theelegant demeanor of the Central Plains architecture in the Ming Dynasty, whileretaining the simplicity and ruggedness of the Central Plains architecture inthe Tang and Song dynasties.

When you visit Lijiang ancient city, you should not miss Naxi ancientmusic. Naxi ancient music, which is called "lost music in all parts of China",consists of two parts: Baisha Xiyue and Lijiang Dongjing music. After hundredsof years of development and changes, Naxi ancient music has formed a uniquestyle of integration of Han and Naxi Music, which has a strong national and folkcolor. Living in Lijiang ancient city, the most perfect arrangement at night isto listen to Naxi ancient music.

OK, when you get there, youll have a good view of the ancient city. Ourjourney is coming to an end. During this happy time, we visited Lijiang ancientcity, which is famous both at home and abroad and has the reputation of "Veniceof China" and "Gusu of Plateau". Thank you for your understanding, support andcooperation with Xiao Pu and me along the way. We are deeply impressed by yourenthusiasm. At the same time, we hope that our service can leave you someperfect memories. Finally, I send my best wishes to you, and I sincerely hope wecan meet again. Thank you!

尊敬的各位游客：

你们好！

今天我们来到风景秀丽的云南丽江古城。丽江古城位于玉龙雪山脚下，丽江古城的一大特点是没有城墙。请问各位游客，您见过那座古城没有城墙呢？恐怕没有吧。这就是丽江古城的最大特点。原来，因为丽江古城的首领姓木，他想，木围上就围墙不就是困了。他觉得这个字不吉利。就不要围墙了。可能有的人要问了，如果没有围墙，可能就会受到异族的侵略了。到那时没有防范措施怎么办？这个不用担心，丽江古城是四面环山，山又很高。可以将山当作最大的围墙。所以不用担心异族的攻击。

现在，我们看到丽江古城的两座大风车，他们叫母子轮。大的是妈妈，小的是儿子，怎么样，形象吧？我们在向前走，这个广场就是四方街了。四方街是一条历史悠久的街道。它可是茶马古道的必经之路。在这我们顺便讲讲茶马古道的故事。茶马古道是一条运盐巴，茶叶的道路，它从香格里拉一直到西藏。因为路上很危险，运输的队伍又经常遇险或被异族的人抢了货物杀害。所以，至今还有很多人记得他们。

再往前走，这座八角宝塔型的建筑就是丽江古城的木府。它是丽江首领居住的地方，所以人们现在一直还保留着。丽江古城的景点很多，一定要细细游览。