上海英语导游词【20篇】

Now let me introduce Mount Everest to you. Qomolangma means "the thirdgoddess" in Tibetan. Mount Everest is the main peak of the Himalayas, with analtitude of 8848 meters. It is the highest peak in the world. The mountain is inthe shape of a huge pyramid, with steep terrain and complex environment. Thereare various types of glaciers with a total area of 1500 square kilometersdistributed between the ridges and cliffs. On top of the glaciers, there are avariety of beautiful and rare ice pagoda forests. Within 20 kilometers aroundMt. Everest, there are many peaks. Among the 14 peaks above 8000 meters in theworld, there are 5. The peaks of 6-7 kilometers are all around, forming amagnificent landscape with many peaks. According to the analysis of geologicalstructure, in ancient times, the whole Himalayas and the vast area nearby werestill a corner of the sea. From about the late Tertiary of Cenozoic era, thedeep rock strata under the sea were affected by the strong Himalayan orogeny,rising to the top and the youngest "roof of the world". Standing on the top ofthe earth, Qomolangma itself is the most typical fault block mountain in theHimalayas. Its pyramid shaped peak is composed of Ordovician brown marble andcrystalline limestone. According to the determination of scientists, Everest isstill rising, with an average annual speed of 3.2 mm to 12.7 mm, continuing toset a new world record.

Now let me tell you two myths about Mount Everest. It is said that whenSongzanganbu was king of Tibet, the Himalayas and Mount Everest were beautifulplaces with flowers in full bloom. Songzanganbu ordered that this place shouldbe specially used for raising a hundred birds. Its original name was"rozamarang", which means "the place for raising birds in the South". In the 8thcentury, the Tibetan king chisongdezan sent people from India to welcome thelotus grandmaster into Tibet to preach Buddhism, and Buddhism graduallyprevailed in Tibet. There are five goddesses sitting in the monthly sacrificesto the gods. Each of the five goddesses has its own name. This is the earliestTibetan name for the five peaks of the Himalayas in China. They are known as the"five sisters of longevity", and Qomolangma ranks third. They are the goddess ofdefending and reproducing the race. The other four peaks are Fushou fairy,Zhenhui fairy, guanyong fairy and Shiren fairy. People think that the thirdgoddess is the most beautiful. She is called zhumulangsangma in Tibetan, so sheuses her name to call Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain in the world.

There is also a beautiful legend. Once upon a time, it was a sea. On theseashore, there were flowers and trees, flowers that never withered and neverwithered. On the hillside, there were forests and fruit trees. In the forest andflowers, there are many birds and other animals. Its a rich and beautifulplace! But one day, a group of monsters suddenly came to occupy this good place.The demons are coming, catching birds and animals, destroying flowers and trees.At this time, a five color auspicious cloud came from the sky. On the cloudstood a fairy in a plain dress. She was the goddess of snow mountain -zhumulangsangma. With her boundless magic power, she subdued the demons andspirits, and pressed them under a mountain. At the same time, in this area,cattle and sheep were raised, plant seeds were sown, and ice lakes were dug.From then on, she not only restored the original appearance, but also made itmore beautiful. The goddess subdued the demons and ghosts, and poured snow waterfrom the snow mountain and ice lake to irrigate the surrounding land. So, beforeand after the mountain, cattle and sheep are fat, crops are flourishing, and ahundred flowers are blooming. Therefore, people living in this area have greatrespect for the goddess and often praise her in various beautiful words.

From the summit of Rongbu temple, we have to pass through two importantsections, namely the well-known Beiao and the second step. Beiao is the gatewayto climb Mount Qomolangma from the north slope. It is a saddle shaped ice wallwith an altitude of 7007 meters. There are ice cracks all over it. It is a verydifficult natural obstacle to overcome. The second step is more than 300 metersaway from the peak. In 1960, it took eight days for the national mountaineeringteam to reach the top from the base camp, including six days from Beiao to thetop. The last 50 meters took 19 hours to reach the top without oxygen. Beforeand after the national mountaineering teams opened up five routes to climbEverest. In 1953, the British mountaineering team ascended along the southeastridge from the south slope; in 1960, the Chinese national mountaineering teamascended along the North Ridge from the north slope over Beiao; in 1975, theBritish mountaineering team ascended from the south slope; in 1980, the Japanesemountaineering team ascended from the vertical cliff on the front of the northslope, which is the most difficult route to climb Mount Everest. In 1988, China,Japan and Nepal jointly formed a team to climb from the north and south sides ofQomolangma at the same time, realizing a "double leap" in human history. In1990, China, the United States and the Soviet Union joined forces to climb MountEverest. In 20__, it reached the summit again.

The most interesting thing on Mount Everest is the cloud floating on thetop of the peak, which seems to be a flag flying on the top of the peak, so thiskind of cloud is vividly called flag cloud or flag cloud. The shape and postureof the flag cloud on Mt. Everest are various, sometimes like a flag flutteringin the wind; sometimes like the rough waves; sometimes it turns into a curlingsmoke; just like a galloping horse; for a while, it is like a gently flutteringveil. All this adds a lot of magnificent scenery to Mount Everest, which can becalled one of the worlds major wonders.

What causes the formation of flag clouds on Mt. Qomolangma? It turns outthat the flag clouds are formed by convective cumulus clouds. According to theposition and height of the cloud, we can infer the size of the wind force on thepeak. If the flag cloud moves upward, it means that the upper air wind issmaller; if it tilts downward, the wind will be stronger; if it is level withthe peak, the wind will be about level 9. Therefore, the flag cloud of MountEverest is also known as "the highest wind vane in the world".

Let me introduce Mount Everest National Nature Reserve to you. MountEverest Nature Reserve was designated as a National Nature Reserve in 1993. Thereserve is located at the junction of Tibet Autonomous Region and the kingdom ofNepal, with a total area of 3.38 million hectares and a population of more than70000. The area is divided into 7 core protection areas, namely tuolonggou,rongha, xuebugang, Jiangcun, gongdang, Zhufeng and Xixiabangma, and 4 scientificexperimental areas, namely Chentang, Nyalam, Jilong and gongdang.

At the southern foot of the Himalayas, the nature reserve is the highest inChina. It has one of the worlds top ten landscapes, the Kama Valley, with analtitude of 2300 meters, a length of 55 kilometers from east to west, an averagewidth of 8 kilometers from north to south, and an area of 440 square kilometers.There are 2101 species of angiosperms, 20 species of gymnosperms, more than 200species of pteridophytes, more than 600 species of bryophytes and lichens, andmore than 130 species of fungi in the reserve; there are more than 50 species ofmammals in the wild animals, among which there are more than 10 species ofnational first-class protected animals, such as langur, Tibetan wild donkey,Tarr sheep, leopard, snow leopard, black pheasant, etc. Snow leopard is thesymbol animal of Everest nature reserve.

The original forest is dense, including Abies himalayana, larch, birch,juniper, shrub, Fargesia, alpine pine, spruce, Nepalese sandalwood, Magnolia,arbor pine, Rhododendron and other major tree species, as well as wild plantswith high ornamental value and medicinal value such as magnolia, Panaxnotoginseng and Coptis chinensis.

In the upper part of the vast forest sea, altitude: 3800 meters to 4500meters is alpine grassland, with Artemisia, fleas and other plants. The area5500-6000 meters above the snow line is covered with permanent snow. Glaciersare formed year by year due to non melting ice and snow. Rongbu glacier is thelargest glacier in the reserve. In addition, there are iceberg glaciers andsuspended glaciers.

Dear tourists, my name is Chen Yinbai. Please call me guide Chen. You arenow in Xishuangbanna. Do you want to know where Xishuangbanna is? Its in thesouthwest of our country. In this beautiful and rich land, there are 14 ethnicgroups such as Dai, Hani and Han.

Tourists, we are now in the plant kingdom of Xishuangbanna. There areskygazing trees and arrow poison trees. Im here to remind you: dont get closeto arrow poison trees, or your life will be in danger. There are also 1700 yearold tea trees, dancing grass and water cane in the path. Its raining, and youdont have to worry. Because there is a kind of "natural umbrella". Cut off apiece of plant called "Hai Yu Ye" to avoid heavy rain.

Tourists, we are now in the animal kingdom of Xishuangbanna. At this point,the gibbon and the black civet may be looking at you. At this time, theleisurely elephants are swinging their noses in the jungle for a walk and play.At this time, the Green Peacock is unfolding its colorful feathers to dance foryou, the vultures are hovering in the air, the tigers and leopards are hauntingin the depths of confusion

When we walk into the village of Xishuangbanna, you will see manyinteresting buildings: bamboo buildings, bamboo pavilions, spire pagodas Men,women and children in all kinds of ethnic clothes are talking and laughinghappily. They are the most beautiful scenery in this land

There are many beautiful sceneries in Xishuangbanna. Next time, I will leadyou to Xishuangbanna again.

Its a pleasure to have friends from afar. Welcome to Qingyan. Id like totake you to Qingyan to experience the vicissitudes and connotation of Qingyanancient town in Ming Dynasty, and understand the impact of modern civilizationand ancient culture.

Qingyan ancient town is one of the four ancient towns in Guizhou Province.The other three are Zhenyuan ancient town, bingan ancient town and Longliancient town. Qingyan ancient town was built in 1378 A.D., the 11th year ofHongwu in Ming Dynasty. It has a history of 635 years. It was built before thefounding of Guizhou Province, witnessing the vicissitudes of Guizhou.

As a historical and cultural ancient town in Guizhou Province, Qingyan hasmore than 100 cultural relics sites, 23 of which have been included in the atlasof Chinese cultural relics. Guizhou volume. Walking in Qingyan, you can see theancient towns famous places everywhere. There are 37 ancient buildings of Mingand Qing Dynasties crisscrossed in the town, including nine temples, eighttemples, five pavilions, three caves, two ancestral halls, one palace and onecourtyard. Among them, there are three stone steles in eight stone steles. Theseancient buildings are masterpieces of exquisite design and craftsmanship. Forexample, the stone carving of Ciyun Temple and the wood carving of shoufo templeare the only exquisite works in Guiyang.

The "zhaolilun centenary square" in front of us was built in the Guangxuperiod of the Qing Dynasty, with unique shape and exquisite workmanship. Themost interesting is the "down mountain lion" on the stone pillars on both sides,which is the most ingenious. Most of the lion shapes in China are standing orsquatting. The design of this kind of down hill lion breaks the traditionalconcept and fully reflects the attention of the builders at that time and thesuperb skills of the craftsmen. Mr. Liu Haisu, a famous architect in China,praised this kind of craft as "really rare". Opposite to baishuifang isdingguangmen, which is the South Gate of Qingyan ancient town. It was built inthe reign of emperor qiangqi and has a history of more than 300 years. The citywall is built in accordance with the mountain situation, with a zigzag length ofmore than 20__ meters, which is very rich in the characteristics of southernmountain fortress. The city wall is 4.5 meters high and 3.5 meters thick, andthe three character plaque "dingguang gate" inscribed by Zhao Xilin is inlaidabove the gate hole. Dingguang gate upper enemy tower is a three Bay, doubleeaves and top wood structure gate tower with stoplog roof truss. Standing on thecity tower, you can see the smoke curling and the vegetation flourishing, whichis a harmonious and peaceful scene, reflecting the smoke of gunpowder and thenoise of war drums.

The most famous person in the ancient town is Zhao yijiong, the number onescholar in Yunnan and Guizhou. The existing former residence of Zhao yijiong wasbuilt in the middle and late Qing Dynasty. It is a wooden structure with twoentrances and four courtyards on the top of the mountain. It sits south andNorth. It has a facing door, two chambers, main room, back room, whole well,garden and so on. It covers an area of 828 square meters and a construction areaof 500 square meters. Chaomen is a double vertical flower gate, 4 meters highand 2.1 meters wide. The wooden plaque was inscribed with the word "Wenkui". Onthe inner wall of the north courtyard wall, there are 100 "Shou" characterswritten in various colors, and there are more than 30 existing "Shou"characters. Now Zhao yijiongs former residence is a cultural relic protectionunit in Guizhou Province.

The charm of Qingyan lies in the coexistence of Confucianism, Buddhism,Taoism, Catholicism and Christianity in its small town. Walking in Qingyanancient town, you can appreciate the different Charms brought by differentcultures.

After such a long tour, you must be hungry. Qingyans delicious food willsatisfy your stomach and your heart. Qingyans stewed pigs feet are fat but notgreasy, thin but not firewood, which will surely make you enjoy yourself.Huangs Rose candy, which is sweet, crisp and delicious, is a good gift forrelatives and friends. Qingyans double flower vinegar with thick bowl, moderatesour and sweet, and long aftertaste will open your stomach and intoxicate yourheart.

Thank you for your visit. I hope the trip to Qingyan will bring you joy andbeauty. Welcome to Qingyan ancient town again! Qingyan and I are waiting for youto get together again!

In henan province is located in the Middle East, middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, hereinafter referred to as "yu", named for its most are located in the south of the Yellow River, the provincial capital zhengzhou, east and neighbouring jiangsu, shandong, anhui, southern hubei, shaanxi west, north and shanxi, hebei, linking the east to the west, south, north Henan is the cradle of Chinese civilization and the Chinese nation, the central plains hilo-systems, three business culture has a long history, Chinese culture, surname culture, cultural affinity, poetry and profound culture and martial arts culture; Many cultural relics, scenic spots in the province, the shaolin temple, longmen grottoes, yinxu, qingming shanghe garden, hometown of the yellow emperor, shangqiu city, songshan, yuntai mountain, baiyun mountain funiu, shiren mountain, jigong mountain, danjiangkou reservoir, wuhou temple is famous at home and abroad. Henan is one of the main birthplace of the Chinese nation, is the place where our ancestors lives and entrepreneurship. Dynasty to the northern song dynasty, there are 20 dynasty capital or moved the capital to the company, but so is henan war and disaster in the history of Chinese one of the most concentrated area. Of the eight rge ancient capitals in China, has accounted for four of henan province, xia shang ancient capital of zhengzhou, are respectively anyang, ten dynasties ancient capital luoyang and seven dynasties kaifeng. In addition to shangqiu, nanyang, such as the national famous historical and cultural city. As far back as four thousand years ago the neolithic age, the central plains people created the famous "PeiLiGang culture", "yangshao culture" and "longshan culture". Henan province is the important cradle of the Chinese surnames, China roots in henan province in 300, 171, there are "Chen along while, Huang Zheng row streets," said the overseas four surnames are originated from henan.

Henan rich tourism resources, many places of interest. Henan province there are 189 national key cultural relics protection units, and collections of cultural relics in the countrys first underground cultural relics. Henan province consists of 15 cities, every city has its unique tourism resources.

有说城隍作为神，是由《礼记》中所渭“天子大蜡八”而来。天子要祭八种神，其中有“坊”与“水庸”，大略是对城堑、护城沟渠之祭，这是对城市守护神的祭札。明代人陆容《菽园杂记》卷五谈到了城隍之祀：城隍之在祀典，古无之。后世以高城深池，捍外卫内，必有神主之，始有祠事。惑于理者，衣冠而肖之，加以爵号，前代因袭，其来久矣。后世的城隍正是被赋予了城市守护神的面目与功能，御灾难，安生聚，垂丰穰，庇百姓。城隍庙亦就因此成为一个城市不可或缺的祭典场所。地方官府朔望进香，祈晴祷雨，并常藉以宣讲乡约。士庶禳病祈福，牲醴香楮，祷献报赛。这也就难怪城隍庙庙宇崇闳，香火繁盛。

上海地区供奉城隍由来已久。早在宋淳佑七年(1247)，华亭即立城隍庙。上海在置县前，也供祀城隍于淡井庙，以作为华亭县城隍行殿，后人称老城隍。明朝开国后，于洪武二年(1369)，诏封天下州县城隍府神为显佑伯。

相传上海的城隍神姓秦，名裕伯，字景容。为宋代尤图阁学士秦观八世孙。元时累官至福建行省郎中。元末避兵扬州，转徙上海。当时占据苏州的张士城派人前往招用，为其拒绝。吴元年及洪武初年，朱元璋几次淮备起用秦裕伯，秦均称疾不出。初定天下的朱元璋对于秦裕伯隐卧上海甚感不安，这位生性多疑的皇帝深虑由此“海邦不靖”，即下手谕：“海浜民好斗，裕伯智谋之士而居此地，坚守不起，恐有后悔。”手谕的意思十分明白，秦裕伯只得应召人朝，次年拜待制，旋为治书待御史。洪武三年，设科取士，与刘基同为京畿主考官。洪武六年(1373)病卒，葬于上海长寿里。为“释主疑，明民志，不惜一身之去就，为国人请命也”，因而，海浜之民怀着感激与敬重，奉祀其为城隍神。

永乐年间，上海知县张守钓将原位于县西北的霍光行祠改建成城隍庙。据至元《嘉禾志》引《吴越备史》载，相传吴王孙皓病重时，有神附体一小黄门，对孙皓言道：“华亭谷东南有盐塘，风潮为害，非人为所能防。臣本汉霍光也，愿统部属镇之。”遂立庙祀汉博陆侯霍光，是为上海祀奉霍光之始。

Hello, everyone! My name is Rowling, you can call me Xiao Luo. Im glad tobe your tour guide. Today Im going to visit Yuelu Mountain with you. We willhave a good day together.

This is Yuelu Mountain, with an altitude of 300. 8 meters, is one of the 72peaks of Nanyue. It is like a natural barrier across the west of ChangshaCity.

We are now at the foot of Yuelu Mountain. Please look with me. This oldhouse with moss on the tiles here is the famous Yuelu Academy. Yuelu Academy isa bright pearl in the long river of Chinese history and culture. Together withBailudong academy, Songyang academy and Yingtian academy, it is known as Chinasfour major academies. It has a long history and was built in 976. Zhu Xi, afamous Neo Confucianist and educator in the Southern Song Dynasty, once gavelectures here.

Lets keep going up and see, this is the "love Pavilion". Four red pillars,like a pine tree, stand straight in front of us, supporting the two green roofs.From a distance, it looks like a big tree. It is perfectly combined with thebeautiful scenery. On the top of the pavilion, there are three glittering goldencharacters of "aiwanting".

The original name of aiwanting was "hongyeting". Later, it was renamed as"aiwanting" because of the poem in "a journey to the mountains" written by thefamous poet Du Mu of the Tang Dynasty: "stop and sit in the maple forest atnight, frost leaves are more red than February flowers". It is also known as oneof the four famous pavilions in China.

There are many scenic spots in Yuelu Mountain. Lets have a rest first, andthen well go to more beautiful and wonderful scenic spots together. Please payattention to "during the rest, do not run too far away, just rest nearby; inorder to avoid the team, pay attention to safety, we will gather here in 20minutes!

Hello, tourists! Im your guide, Xiao su. Today, Id like to take you toHuguangyan, a 4A scenic spot in Zhanjiang City.

Huguangyan is located in the southwest of Zhanjiang City. Huguangyan is oneof the eight scenic spots in Zhanjiang, and is also a famous Crater tourist areain China. The air is rich in negative ions, so it is called "natural oxygenbar"___ It was also named "World Geopark" in. In the morning, a layer of whitefog shrouded Huguangyan, like a little girl in white clothes. At noon,Huguangyan was golden, as if it had been sprinkled with gold dust. At night, thelake is as quiet as a mirror.

Tourists, Huguangyan not only has beautiful scenery, but also has abeautiful legend. Legend has it that there is no lake here, only a smallvillage, the village has a pair of dependent mother and son. Unfortunately, herson died when he went to the mountain to collect firewood. The old mother criedto death. In the haze, the old mother saw a calf coming to farm for her son.From then on, grain grows automatically in the field. One year there was asevere drought, and the calf brought food to his mother. When the villagersfound the white cow, they seized it, slaughtered it and distributed the beef toeach household to satisfy their hunger. The old mother cried and threw the beefover the sky. The beef soared to the outside of the village, and the old motherstumbled to catch up. A bamboo branch suddenly fell from the sky for her. Whenwe got to Sangtian, the beef suddenly disappeared. Then the sky collapses andthe earth collapses, thunder and lightning suddenly rises, and the villagebecomes Jiangze. In a hurry, the old mother inserts the bamboo branch into thefield. Suddenly, the flood receded, leaving only one lake, which is todaysHuguangyan. Of course, this is just a myth. In fact, according to theinvestigation of geologists, Huguangyan was formed by a volcanic eruption 200000years ago.

Please enjoy the beautiful scenery of Huguangyan carefully. I hopeHuguangyan can leave good memories for you.

沉香阁又称慈云禅寺，位于上海市南市，初创了明万历二十八年(1620xx年)，是上海市著名的佛教比丘尼道场。1983年，被国务院确定为汉族地区佛教全国重点寺院。

1943年，现代名僧应慈法师应沉香阁住持苇乘之请，驻锡沉香阁，在这里首先开讲华严初祖杜顺(557-640)所著《华严法界观门》，从此，慈云寺(沉得阁)成为应慈汉师在上海弘扬华严宗的道场。

应慈(1872-1965年)法师自称为华严座主，一生教演《华严》，深受国内外宗教界的敬仰。他法名湿亲，安徽歙县人，26岁在普陀山出家，28岁在宁波天童寺受具足戒，后到金山、高旻、天宁等寺参学，依明性、寄禅、大定、月郎、冶开等名僧为师，后随月霞法师研究《华严经》，毕生致力于宏扬《华严经》教义，对近现代华严宗的传播影响很大。

华严宗以《华严经》为主要经典，因实际创始人法藏被武则天赐号贤首，该宗又称首宗。华严宗认为，世界是毗卢遮那佛的显现，一微尘映世界，一瞬间含永远，宣传法界缘起的世界观和顿入佛教的思想。

应慈法师随月霞法师在上海华严在大学、虞山兴福寺华严讲堂讲授《华严经》。1920xx年，他到杭州西湖菩提寺，潜心专修《华严经》。随后数十年，应慈法师在江苏、浙江、山西、上海等地传播华严宗教义，并在常州、上海等地创办华严学院，培养僧才。1948年，主持华严法会事务。晚年应慈法师常住沉香阁，仍弘扬演教，讲学不辍，自律为四壁有经皆可读，一年无日不参禅。

应慈法师是位爱国爱教的佛教界代表人物。中华人民共和国成立后，他拥护中国共产党的领导人民政府的政策法律，拥护宗教信仰自由政策。1954年当选为上海市第一届人民代表大会代表、上海市佛教协会名誉会长，1957年，又被选为中国佛教协会副会长、中国佛学院副院长，1962年当选为中国佛教协会名誉会长。

1985年，明旸法师为纪念应慈法师圆寂二十周年题词一首：

佛学耆宿仰应公，德重道高四众崇。

一片丹心爱祖国，大悲宠愿护禅宗。

经谈般若真空理，教演华严玄妙功。

二十年前撇手去，今朝又显六神通。

文化大革命中，沉香阁被工厂占用。为了落实宗教政策，市政府花大力气协调各方面关系，搬迁工厂，将沉香阁移交给佛教团体管理使用。现沉香阁内还建有应慈法师纪念堂，每天都有许多国内外信徒、游人前来瞻礼、参观。

1989年落实宗教政策，开始边修复边开放。经上海市佛教协会与市文管部门研究，决定按照明清古建筑格局修复沉香阁。经过五年整修，沉香阁又重现了明清时期的旧貌。四柱三间三牌楼的山门，基本保存了原有的石柱和部分构件;天王殿正中奉天冠弥勒、韦驮、四大金刚;大雄宝殿中奉卢舍那佛、文殊、普贤、梵王、帝释，两旁为十八罗汉坐像，扇墙后为海岛观音;后殿为全寺主体建筑沉香阁 观音楼。前后三进，两边耳房为配殿、僧寮，结构完整，布局紧凑。

现在的沉香阁，中轴线上，第一个建筑是修复的明代石牌楼，飞檐斗拱，气宇轩昂，著名书法家沙孟海先生题写的匾额沉香阁悬挂在上面。

第二进是天王殿，天冠弥勒、韦驮和四大天王像全部新塑装金。天王殿里，一般都塑有四大天王，故称为天王殿。明清以后的四天王像，基本成为定式，即东方持国天王，白面，手执琵琶;南方增长天王，黑面，手执宝剑;西方广目天王，红面，手执一条龙或蛇;北方多闻天王，绿面，手执一柄大宝幢(雨伞)。

佛教中认为，四大天王，能护佛护法护国土护众生，佛教信徒从四天王手中所持的法宝(宝剑挟风、琵琶调音、宝幢喻雨、龙蛇喻顺人之心意)，能保佑五谷丰登、六畜兴旺、年年风调雨顺。

天王殿的正中，面南而塑的是弥勒菩萨，弥勒菩萨在佛教中是受佛授记，继佛之后在世间教化众生的未来之佛，故又称为弥勒佛。沉香阁内，塑的是弥勒尚在兜率天内院时，现菩萨法相的天冠弥勒像。现在大多数寺院都塑笑口常开的布袋和尚像。相传在五代时，浙江奉化有一个名叫契此的僧人，常常蓬头垢面，手里拿一个布口袋，乞讨于街上，人们都叫他布袋和尚。某年农历三月初三日，端坐圆寂之前，说了一首偈子：弥勒真弥勒，化身千百亿。时时示世人，世人常不识。佛教徒认为他就是弥佛的化身，而且他慈眉善目，使人见了都能生欢喜心，所以一般的佛教寺院中都将他塑为布袋和尚相。

弥勒的背后是韦驮天将像，佛教中说他常常手执降魔杵，巡游东、西、南三洲，面对佛尊，守护佛法，称为三洲感应。是寺院的守护神，老百姓又称他为韦驮菩萨。常见的韦驮像为立像，一种是双手合十，降魔杵横搁于两臂弯中，另一种是双手扶杵柱地，或左手扶杵柱、右手叉腰，面对大雄宝殿，注视出入之人。个别寺院也有将韦驮塑为坐像的，如江苏如皋定慧寺内，就塑坐、立各一尊韦驮像。

第三进是大雄宝殿，迎门的一副楹联，是新加坡吴伟业居士所献，由中国佛教协会副会长、四川成都比丘尼道场铁像寺和爱道堂的住持隆莲法师所撰书：

沉沦人尽渡载三千佛子一叶舟中;

香水海无边礼百亿法王千花台上。

大殿正中须弥座上端坐报身佛卢舍那佛，文殊、普贤，大梵天、帝释天分列两旁。顶上精工雕刻的藻井，整个大雄宝殿顶上，有348尊贴金小佛像围绕卢舍那佛，按佛教《梵网经》经义，象征这所庄严的比丘尼道场，严持比丘尼348戒。佛前供桌和桌上五供具都按明代式样配置。大殿两侧是装金十八岁汉。大殿南端东钟西鼓，晨钟暮鼓修持诵经。

进入大殿后的宽敞天井，空地上有一座三层铜制宝鼎和一对石灯台。广场周围建筑都是两层楼阁，东西两厢的楼上东边是专供海外女宾来寺院时的四套客房，按春夏秋冬季节特点布置有明式床寝家具，但配有现代化的卫生设备。西楼上是沉香阁常住比丘尼们的寮房。楼下东庑是客堂，千手观音殿和伽蓝殿，伽蓝殿内供有一尊明代木雕伽蓝神关羽像。西庑是祖堂，祖堂内供着沉香阁(慈云禅院)历代祖师莲位，和1943年起即卓锡于此、并一生弘扬《华严经》的华严座主应慈法师的莲位。

天井正面的建筑，可以说是全国独特的。从庭院向上看，正中四根立柱架起一重飞檐，檐上一个悬空亭阁，东南西全部落地窗。这就是全国闻名的沉香阁的阁，赵朴初居士为之题额为南海飞渡沉香大士宝阁。登两侧的楼梯而上，立即可闻到芳香馥郁，到此方是真正的沉香阁。虽然名称为阁，实际上，阁只是凸出向外的十乎方的小阁，放几把明式单背的椅子和高脚花几而已。

阁的后面的就是一个观音殿，上面张挂着绣有南海宝筏飞渡沉香大士的欢门和四条风幡。正面一个大佛龛，龛前一张明式楠木大供桌，明黄色瓷五供具，恰到好处地陈列在供桌上，二尺高的缕空香炉内，飘出缕缕檀香味。佛龛两侧有铜制伽蓝神和两童子像。佛完内供的就是沉香观音。这尊沉香观音，又名如意观音。观音呈坐像，原高三尺，是用特别名贵的沉香木雕就，故而得名。屈右足于坐上，右肘倚于右膝上，左手支撑于座上，头微右侧，作凝思状，花冠缨络，庄严慈祥。传说，据《隋书》记载，隋大业四年(608)，隋炀帝派大臣常骏出使南方国家，赐赠中国工艺品等礼品，赤土国回赠沉香观音一尊，常骏回到长安，正值隋炀帝巡游扬州，常骏等从淮河乘船赶往扬州，途上遇风翻船，沉音观音沉落淮河。直至明代潘允端发现后，奉回上海，建阁供于此处。据说原来每逢雨天，沉音芳馥四溢。可惜文革之中不知去向。

现在的沉香观音，是由沉香阁住持观性法师1990年专程去泰国，从泰国募集到一段极其珍贵的真正的沉香木，价值一万多美元。运回上海，配以上等檀香木，照原样放大重雕而成，其神态和工艺水平，不逊于原像。阁的楼下为慈云堂，里面装修、布置简洁古雅，正中北壁一长几、一八仙桌、两张靠椅，两侧各四张靠椅，居上空地一张园拼桌，四个鼓形园凳。全部明式红木所制，无桌围椅披，高雅而有气度;所有摆设，不过是左右各一座黄梨木独幅屏风，红木长几上一大理石插屏和一对花瓶而已。正面壁上一幅彩描观音中堂和两副对联，分别由赵朴初居士和真禅法师所撰书：

赵朴初所撰为：

花海沉思洞明自性;

旃檀香风恒可众心。

真禅法师所撰为：

无我无人观自在;

非色非空见如来。

慈云堂西面是贵宾接待室。东面是方丈室，现沉香阁住持为观性法师。观性法师，现已85岁高龄，现任中国佛教协会常务理事，上海市佛教协会副会长，曾任南市区人民代表、区政协委员，又兼慈修居住持。由她带领这两个比丘尼道场的六七十比丘尼和二十多位佛学院尼众班学尼熏休修持。沉香阁东北部重建了一幢明式建筑的小楼，现为应慈法师纪念堂，堂额为赵朴初居士所题。底层是一个小法堂，二、三楼陈列着反映应慈法师生前弘法利生事业的珍贵照片、著作、手迹和遗物。

二楼堂中应慈法师遗像两侧，真禅法师为其亲教师所书对联：

霞月宗风不坠佛海圆融曾讲三译华严冗称教主;

永怀无私慧照幸侍师门灵山盛会依然一真法界。

应慈法师(1882一一1965)，俗姓余，安徽歙县人。一生以弘扬华严宗为宗旨，自号华严座主，晚年又起别号拈花老人。16岁依普陀山明性禅师出家，1920xx年依宁波天童寺寄禅法师受具足戒，先后参镇江金山寺大定1扬州高旻寺月朗常州天宁寺冶开、扬州宝轮寺月霞法师等高僧。1920xx年与月霞等同得法于冶开法师，成为临济宗第四十二世，法号为显亲。以后随月霞法师讲经、办僧教育。1920xx年任常熟兴福寺方丈。同年末，月霞法师圆寂时，嘱应慈法师：善弘华严，莫作方丈。次年春，应慈法师即辞住持与持松，自任监院。此后，终身以弘法讲经为己任。1943年起移锡慈云禅院(原为比丘道场，即现沉香阁)，二十年间多次讲三十(卷本)《华严经》、四十《华严》、六十《华严》和八十《华严》。建国以后，自1953年起任中国佛教协会常务理事，1954年任上海市佛教协会名誉会长，1957直任中国佛教协会副会长，1962年任中国佛教协会名誉会长。1954年被选为上海市第一届人民代表，一直连任至1965年圆寂于沉香阁。应慈法师在遗嘱中，希望后辈弟子及学人在共产党的正确领导下努力学习，加强改造，拥护政府政策法令，积极为社会主义建设事业，贡献自己的力量。至要至要。

沉香阁的东部，建有一幢综合楼。楼下是能供二三百人用餐的斋堂，在佛教节日和香期中，为佛教信徒们供应有广东风味的素斋。在二楼上，还设有一个小巧精致的餐厅，古色古香，装饰有贴金的宝相花图案。尤其是一幅精美的壁塑，按河南巩县石刻原样复制的北魏帝王礼佛图，更显得古雅庄重。这个餐厅在上海佛教寺院，甚至大宾舍馆中，也可称得上第一流的。楼上是上海佛学院尼众班的教室和学尼们的案房，每庙都有二十多位学尼，来自全国各地。现在已招收第四届学员。以前毕业的学员都已受过具足戒，并分配在本市的各个尼庵中或佛学院中，担任着重要的执事和教师，成为一代新的比丘尼接班人。

上海沉香阁，以其古雅，以沉香观音，闻名于海内外。它又处在上海市市中心的旅游胜地，与老城隍庙和豫园的邻近，吸引着无数的海内外佛教信徒和游客，为上海市的繁荣兴旺，作出了它应有的贡献。

修复后的沉香阁为上海最大的比丘尼丛林。沉香阁住持观性法师。1992年10月15日，沉香阁修缮一新，隆重举行观音像开光，观性法师升座典礼。1994年8月14日上午，礼请中国佛教协会副会长、龙华古寺方丈明旸法师主持并隆重举行了全堂佛像开光仪式。上海佛教信徒以及来自江苏、浙江、广东等地的诸山长老800余人参加了佛像开光典礼，新加坡、香港、中国台湾等地的法师和信众专程来沪庆贺开光盛典，中国佛教协会赵朴初会长为此次活动发来了贺电。1992年沉香阁被列为上海市重点文物保护单位，1994年又被列为全国重点文物保护单位。

Changsha city, referred to as "long, nickname" star city ", "chu city", isalso the provincial capital of hunan province, my hometown. By mountain city isthe most valuable gift of nature to changsha. The beautiful land of write toomuch better on historical spanning, dufu.longhai left "jiangnan landscape, thefallen petal season and every gentleman" song of eternal; Zhang Shi songdynasty, zhu xi in yuelu academy teaching twice; More generation great man MAOzedong crowd j head, high-spirited, encouraging words...

When it comes to changsha, people naturally think of j head, the xiangjiangriver sight. Orange continent, some people say that it is a painting, plum forspring, zhu qing Elizabeth Barbara ohm, orange, yellow, orange, green, silver.Orange continent, someone says it is a poem, between heaven and earth day flow,the ancient and modern in character. The emotion recalling ancientry, master theups and downs. Orange continent, is the green pearl inlaid in the xiangjiangriver, changsha is the pride of the people. Xiangjiang river sight all sightfully reflects the natural scenery in hunan province, a beautiful environment,is a good place for tourists sightseeing trip, and citizen exercise night tourof the state. Xiangjiang river is the mother river of the changsha, it surgingsouth, bubbling to the north, zhao mountain in changsha city, the three han alumturned to the northwest, to Joe for wangcheng, in yueyang dongting, through thechangsha city about 25 kilometers. The xiangjiang river on both sides of the redcliff, such as chardonnay, white as snow, sand willows, such as silk, Qiangsails as a cloud, make a beautiful sight along the river in changsha.

When it comes to changsha, nature is little not food. Hunan cuisine is oneof the eight great cuisines of China. Today changsha delicacies already known:squid spicy small lobster, iron plate, stinky tofu, hot and sour powder...Eating in changsha, oneself of breath, "food" is interesting, such as "eat" suchas drunk. In star city streets, how many traditional snacks waiting for, and howmany trendy snack make people hope.

With the expansion of the city, the changes of flickering skyscrapers. Atthe same time, the street is lined with trees on both sides, we like to live inthe garden. Straight, clean, clean, spacious avenue of traffic of the citychanges with each passing day, make the camp of the new road tunnel urbanizationconstruction on a new stage; Wuhan-guangzhou high-speed accelerated economicexchanges and coastal cities in central China, greatly improved the livingstandards of people; The city subway and light rail would be built and alsogreatly facilitates peoples travel.

Changsha, zhuzhou and xiangtan urban agglomeration in 20__ formallyapproved by the national construction of a resource-conserving andenvironment-friendly comprehensive reform pilot area, become the rise of centralChina "engine", drive the economic development of China. Was to pressevaluation, "changzhutan economic integration both experience and lessons,whether success or setbacks, will be to the Yangtze river delta, the pearl riverdelta, bohai sea region these newcomers profound enlightenment." Believe inchangsha will be more beautiful tomorrow.

I love my hometown, my beautiful star city - changsha.

Welcome to! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you can call me little x.For a fun filled visit to in order to facilitate everyone, let me firstintroduce you.

Changsha media power is can not be ignored, the domestic mainstream media"hunan TV station in changsha kaifu district is located in the" horse barmountain, in addition, changsha, outdoor media, newspapers and magazines inmedia, and digital network media has hugely increased, changsha entertainmentmedia has been becoming a powerful media of mainland China, and even the world.Hunan satellite TV to mainland China earning the most-watched local TV stations,and the snare a large number of famous host and media workers. The main worksare "happy camp", "day day up", "Im a singer" "where dad" drama "the princesshuanzhu", etc.

"Super girl" and "happy boys" talent show held successfully and "dae janggeum", "xuanyuan sword", "(and) see the meteor shower together the mostbeautiful time, such as TV broadcast and further enhance the influence. Hunaneconomic TV as one of the most popular television hunan native, its ratings andsupport all does not matched with hunan satellite TV. Hunan via visual focus onlocal audience, so there are often broadcast with local characteristics ofhunan. Such as variety show more policy more happy, family film "a last-bornsrushed forward" and so on. With qinghai TV in 20__ launched a talent showblossoming flowers, it is a new revision test broadcasts in 20__ launched acivil draft activities, aimed at mining the excellent talents, provide theplatform. The development of Chinas domestic animation in changsha is quickly,this also makes the government is determined to build animation. Stateadministration of radio, film and the first approval of nine animation industrybase, changsha two exclusive.

Golden eagle TV festival in China, changsha as the permanent home, the goldis one of the most important award for Chinese film and television. Changshainfluential newspaper issued by the local newspaper "sansho metropolis daily","changsha evening news", "xiaoxiang morning post, a national newspaper Titansports, and female today newspaper, have repeatedly received" national localnewspaper management advanced unit "title. Titan sports for sports, Chinasbiggest circulation newspaper.

With the continuous development of Internet and computer technology, thetraditional media is turning to the Internet development, major newspapers haveintroduced electronic web version, make people read more efficient, moreconvenient access to information channels, including "sansho metropolis daily","hua sheng electronic online", "xiaoxiang morning herald", "changsha eveningnews", "stars online electronic loved by people. At the same time variousnetworks and changsha, changsha classified information network, Massachusettsare constantly emerging, common prosperity with changsha Internet economy.

Changsha of Buddhism, Taoism, Catholicism, protestantism, Islam, five majorreligions, religious staff of nearly 300 people, tens of thousands of people, bebaptized and to convert believers followers more than 100000 people. Yamaderafoothill, kaifu temple, temple, stone frost temple, cloud palace, scroll view,green yangshan monastery where foothill, mosques, Catholic church and theChristian north hall 10 religious site is listed as key religious activityplaces at or above the provincial level, the foot yamadera, kaifu temple,temple, stone frost temple monastery, one thousand of which yamadera foothilland kaifu temple is one national key temples of Buddhism in the han nationality;Yamadera foothill, kaifu temple, temple, narathiwat temple, north main street tothe north of the Catholic church, Christian church and Christianity church 7 inreligious activities such as site is listed as key cultural relics protectionunits in hunan province. As the provincial capital, changsha is a municipalreligious group is located, is also the seat of the provincial religious groups,religious people are relatively concentrated.

During the period of the republic of China, changsha have GuKaiFu temple,west yamadera, waring temple, temple, grace temple Lin, valley yamadera, GaoShantemple and tung creek temple known as the "changsha eight big jungle". Becauseexperience Wen Xi fire, after four changsha battle, the "cultural revolution",such as disaster, many temples were destroyed, in recent years, there is a smallpart of the temple rebuilt, such as the taniyama Po lam temple. Very strongGuKaiFu temple, incense every year. Also have the foot of the ancient capitalcity yamadera; Hongshan temple area YouHong yamadera; Ningxiang has a secrettemple, etc., are all important temples in changsha area. Changsha people alsolove to hengshan nanyue temple incense worshipping Buddha, for the purpose ofprayer. Taoist shrine in xingsha Lang pear town narathiwat temple, began in thenorthern and southern dynasties, more than 1500 years ago.

Due to the eight years war of resistance, Wen Xi fire and brokencapitalism, changsha urban area ancient relics of ancient almost wiped out. In1978 the mainland since the reform and opening up was carried out by the rapiddevelopment of urban construction, but there is no full consideration of thehistorical block protection, does not yet exist full of historical and culturalblocks, the remaining four complete granite street. Begin to pay close attentionto in recent years, the ancient city of rescue, set up five protective rescue"historical and cultural blocks, the blocks are: taiping street, tide of street,small order, Simon, historical and cultural blocks as pavilion.

Changsha rich underground cultural relics, important archaeological findshave writing in changsha, ningxiang charcoal relics of bronze ware in the river,but floor slips of changsha, the spring and autumn period and the warring statesperiod age hunan, copper kiln, etc.

上海一座美丽的现代化城市，在改革开放的春风中显得生机勃勃。宽阔的黄浦江上有一座壮丽的大桥，它横跨了浦江，把浦西和浦东联系在一起，这就是南浦大桥。南浦大桥的造型十分壮观雄伟，它是一座双塔双索面斜拉桥，主桥长846米，以一跨423米过江，就像一条庞大的巨龙在黄浦江上自由自在地翱翔，气势磅礴。桥塔像一个字母“H”，横梁上有“南浦大桥”四个刚劲有力的红色大字，立柱两侧由一根根排水管般粗的钢丝绳拉着，像一个竖琴，小鸟在上面“演奏”美妙的乐曲。南浦大桥的桥面宽阔平坦，六条机动车道上几辆风驰电掣的跑车，急速行驶在桥上。

“呜——”汽笛声不断地传入耳中，江面上行驶着各种万吨货轮和豪华客轮，它们在桥下徐徐而过，来来往往，一派繁忙的景象。在桥上还可以望见不远处举世闻名的上海第一高的电视塔——东方明珠和第一高楼——金茂大厦。浦江两岸高楼林立，周围种着各种花草树木，两岸的草儿们也被江风吹得摇摇摆摆，好像是在爱的歌曲里跳着婀娜多姿的舞蹈。

吹得树叶儿絮絮细语，仿佛在窃窃诉说一个奇异桥的神话，在低吟一支温馨的诗歌。只要在南浦大桥上行走，就可以闻到一阵清凉的杨柳香，桥两头的细柳飘丝，那纤细的柳条儿正在空中自由的飘荡。这一切的一切都是这么的恬静、开阔。大桥与江水相对应，天与地的对应，似乎都是为了南浦大桥而存在着。啊!南浦大桥，你壮丽美观，你是一座开放改革的丰碑，也是我们上海人的骄傲。

现在我们漫步在丽江古城有名的四方街上。大家知道吗？这条古街雨季不泥泞，旱季不飞灰。看这石头上的花纹庄重雅致，与整个城市的环境非常符合。它是丽江古城的代表，位于古城的核心位置。也是缜西北地区的商业中心。四方街是一个大约一百平方米的梯形小广场，大家看脚下，我们踩在五花石铺的地上，这条街四通八达，一会儿自由活动的时候，我们可以细细游赏。

大家随着我往前走，这就是位于玉河水系上的古桥，因为从桥下中河水可看到玉龙雪山的倒影，又叫映雪桥。桥长10余米，宽近4米。桥面也是用五花石铺成的。

我们下一站将要来到的是木府。现在看到的是木府，它是1998年重新建的。重建时在付内多添了一个古城博物院。它共占地面积是46亩，坐西向东，木府里大大小小共162间。有人游览后曾评价说，“木府是凝固的丽江古乐，是当代的创世史诗”。

走出了木府，放眼看到的是福国寺五凤楼，它是云南省重点文物保护单位。它呈亚字形，楼台三叠，屋担八角，具有汉、藏、纳西民族的建筑艺术风格，是中国古代建筑中稀世珍宝和典型范例。

Dear friends

Hello everyone! After visiting the ancient city of Dali, we have apreliminary experience of the profound cultural landscape here. Now we go toenjoy Cangshan and Erhai Lake and enjoy the beauty of Dalis landscape.

First of all, we go to Erhai Park by yacht. Erhai Park, also known asTuanshan Park, is located in Tuanshan, 2km northeast of Xiaguan city. It facesErhai Lake in the north and Xieyang peak in the south of Cangshan Mountain inthe West. During the Nanzhao Kingdom, this was the kings deer garden. In 1976,it was newly established as a park, covering an area of more than 1600 mu. Thereare zoos and nursery flower beds on the mountain, and all kinds of famousflowers in Dali area are widely planted. It is a good place to rest andvisit.

Now the boat has arrived at the long seawall of Erhai Park. We leave theboat and go ashore. This is the coastal tourist area at the foot of Tuanshan. Weclimb up 270 stone steps and reach the top of the mountain. You can see that thepavilion with the cornice is Wanghai tower. Under the eaves, there is a plaque,which reads "yuer yincang", with gold characters on the black background,vigorous and elegant. It is the work of Wu Zuoren, a famous Chinese painter.Wanghai tower is a wonderful place to appreciate the "silver Cang of yuer". Youcan see the vast Erhai Lake in the East and the vast expanse of green water inthe West.

Dear friends, lets board the boat again and travel in Erhai Lake. Butfirst I want to introduce Cangshan. Previously, we were in Dali City, on theroad at the foot of Cangshan Mountain, and we didnt have a good view ofCangshan Mountain. Just as the ancients said, "I dont know the true face ofLushan Mountain, only because I am in the mountain"; in the Wanghai tower ofErhai Park, I can only see the end of Cangshan Mountain from a slantingperspective. Now, with the cruise going on, is Cangshan more real in our eyes?Some people say that Hengduan Mountain is like a giant arm, stretching southwardfrom Tibet Plateau, the "roof of the world", to Western Yunnan. Cangshan is abranch of Yunling, one of the worlds famous mountains.

Cangshan Mountain, also known as Diancangshan mountain, is named because ofits green color and white top. There are 19 peaks in Cangshan. The order of the19 peaks from north to south is yunnong, Canglang, Wutai, Lianhua, Baiyun,Heyun, Sanyang, Lanfeng, snowman, yingle, Guanyin, Zhonghe, Longquan, Yuju,Malong, Shengying, Fuding, Maer and Xieyang. Among the 19 peaks, Malong peak isthe highest, with an altitude of 4122 meters. There are 19 peaks in CangshanMountain, two peaks with a stream, a total of 18 streams; the stream flowseastward and flows into Erhai Lake, and the 18 streams are arranged from northto South: Xiayi, Wanhua, Yangxi, mangyong, Jinxi, Lingquan, Baishi, Shuangyuan,Yinxian, Meixi, Taoxi, Zhongxi, Lvyu, Longxi, Qingbi, mocan, tingpeng andYangnan.

Cangshan Mountain is famous for its snow, cloud, spring and stone. Let mefirst introduce the snow in Cangshan. Cangshan snow is the most famous sceneryin Dali. The snow covered Cangshan Mountain is full of praise from the literatiand the Mohists in the past dynasties, as well as folklore. Li Yuanyang, alitterateur of Ming Dynasty, once praised: "RI Li, Cangshan snow, Yaotai 19peaks".

Cangshans clouds are even more famous. Clouds gather and disperse,sometimes as light as smoke, sometimes as thick as ink. Among the changeableclouds, the most magical are "Wangfu cloud" and "Yudai cloud". The so-called"Wangfu cloud" means that every winter and spring, a lonely cloud often appearson the top of Cangshan Yuju peak, which is full of ambition, fluttering up anddown, looking forward and looking forward. The strange thing is that as soon asit appears, there will be a storm in Diancangshan, blowing towards Erhai Lake.The so-called "jade belt cloud" refers to that every time in the late summer andearly autumn, when it is sunny after rain, white clouds often appear in themid-19th peak of Cangshan Mountain. The clouds gather and slowly pull apart,just like a white jade belt across the green hillside. It stretches for tens ofmiles, but it never dissipates. Whats wonderful is that "jade belt cloud" canforetell a good harvest in agriculture: it appears many times, and it was ingood weather that year. The local Bai people have a farming proverb: "Cangshanis a jade belt, hungry dogs eat white rice.".

Cangshan spring is also very famous. There are many glacial moraines andlakes at the top of the 19th peak, which is more than 3800 meters above sealevel. These are left by Quaternary glaciers. There are also the streams of theeighteen streams, waterfalls and springs, which flow all the year round.Nourished by the pure and sweet spring water, Cangshan is full of vitality. Onthe Bank of the moraine lake, there are many primeval forests, many rare treesand exotic flowers. In particular, we should tell you that Cangshans flowershave long been famous, and it also makes Cangshan famous all over the world.American professor Luo Lancaster once said: "more than one million people in theUnited States know about Cangshan Mountain in Dali, Yunnan, China, because theyall grow many beautiful azaleas from Cangshan Mountain in Dali."

Cangshans stone is famous at home and abroad. Guo Moruo wrote a poem onmarble: "the three pagodas are high and ancient, thinking about Zhenguan year.Cangshan rhymes with wind and moon, and strange stones spit clouds and smoke.Phase in the heart, cool elbow armpit. Tiangong is the representative of humanresources, and overseas competition is precious. "

Cangshan breeds marble, which is the soul of Cangshan. This kind ofmagnificent stone is found in many parts of the world. Dudali is the mostbeautiful one, and it was founded early. Therefore, all these stones are called"marble" all over the world, and "Dali" is also famous for its stones.

Welcome to Jiangxi! Jiangxi is a good place with beautiful mountains,beautiful water, beautiful people and fragrant tea. Today we are going to visitWuyuan, the most beautiful village in China.

Wuyuan is located in the northeast of Jiangxi Province. The county wasestablished in the 28th year of Kaiyuan (740 A.D.) in Tang Dynasty. It is anancient county administrative region with a long history of more than 1200years. It got its name because it was the source of Wushui.

Wuyuan is adjacent to Anhui Province and Zhejiang Province. It is full ofcultural atmosphere and historic sites, especially the ancient buildings of Mingand Qing Dynasties. It is surrounded by countryside, streams, ancient trees andbamboos. Waterfalls, post roads, road pavilions and arch bridges are scatteredin the countryside The natural scenery is poetic and picturesque. It has richcultural and natural scenery.

Fangyuan, a county of Wuyuan County, covers an area of 2947 squarekilometers, with 11 towns and 15 townships under its jurisdiction. It is knownas the saying of "half mountain, half field, half waterway and Manor".

This is the area affected by the subtropical monsoon climate. The annualaverage temperature is 16.7 ℃ and the annual average precipitation is more than1821 mm. Wuyuan is a fast-growing and high-yield forest base county and one ofthe advanced ecological agriculture counties in modern China. It has the laurelsof "national top 100 green counties" and "National Folk Culture Village".

This is the hometown of Chinese tea, the hometown of Chinese teaculture

From Tang Dynasty to five dynasties, Wuyuan County was subordinate toShezhou, Jiangnan Road. In Song Dynasty, it belonged to Xinan County ofHuizhou. In Yuan Dynasty, it belonged to Huizhou road. In Ming and QingDynasties, it belonged to Huizhou capital This is one of the birthplaces ofHuizhou merchants. In those years, merchants made money outside and went home toinvest in school. They broke through the complex of rejecting merchants in thefeudal political system and found a way to make money by "cultivatingConfucianism with commerce", "promoting commerce with Confucianism" and"complementing Confucianism and merchants". In Wuyuan, there were manybusinessmen, many scholars and many officials. Under the instruction of "goodstudy, good business, good effect", Wuyuan "must have talents in the room".Under the influence of instructions, Wuyuan peoples reading became popular andflourished for a long time. From the good atmosphere of reading, we came out ofZhu Bian, a litterateur in Song Dynasty, Zhu Xi, an educationist in SouthernSong Dynasty, he Zhen, a compiler, Zhan Tianyou, the father of Chinese railway,Hu Shi, a modern university, Jiang Qian, a modern educationist, and Chengmenxue, a famous modern medical scientist. According to historical records: fromthe Song Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty, there were 550 Jinshicandidates and 2665 officials at all levels in Wuyuan County. There were "nineJinshi in one school, four Shangshu in six departments" and "three palacewriters in Lianke, four Hanlin in ten li".

Since ancient times, "there is no business without an emblem". However,Wuyuan is the main force among Huizhou merchants. In those years, there was asaying that "there is no emblem without an emblem". The merchants from Wuyuanwere the leaders of wood merchants and tea merchants. This is enough to explainthe status of Wuyuan merchants.

This also makes todays Wuyuan, Ming and Qing architecture throughout thecounty. There are many kinds of houses, such as official mansion, familyancestral hall, businessmans residence and villagers former residence. Amongthese buildings, the front hall and the back hall are in sequence, and there aredozens of connected buildings. The streets and alleys are paved with bluestoneslabs. Stone buildings are more concentrated in some villages of tuochuan,Sikou, Jiangwan, liutou, Zheyuan, Longshan, Xucun and Qinghua. In addition,there are covered bridges, road pavilions, gatehouses, storefronts and theatres.Wuyuan is one of the best preserved places of ancient buildings in China. Amongthe ancient trees in the green forest, there are many dwellings with cornicesand angles. Here is "the last Shangri La".

Wuyuan is rich in natural resources. The local green tea "Wulu" is atribute of the Ming and Qing Dynasties; the unique purse red carp is a treasureat the state banquet; Longwei inkstone is one of the four famous inkstones inChinese tradition; Jiangwan Sydney is known as the "pear king in Jiangnan".

Wuyuan culture and ecotourism zone has opened 20 scenic spots with "onezone and four lines". Here we can enjoy the charm of Hui opera, the original"dance fossil" Nuo dance, and the tea performance of pure and charming villagegirls.

Hello, ladies and gentlemen! Its been a hard journey!

In recent years, under the leadership of governments at all levels, manynew scenic spots have been added, such as memorial archway Cultural Square. Whennight falls, neon lights shine, visitors are like crucian carp, and the largestopen-air music fountain in China is launched, seven star rock memorial archwaysquare is even more spectacular. Every weekend or holiday, you can enjoy avariety of artistic programs, which is really intoxicating Crazy. Fairy Lake,located in the east of Xingyan, can also enjoy the natural wonder of wofotunriwhen the sun goes down to the West. The new Buddhist Grand View Garden on thelake between Xiannv lake and Xingyan, the Oriental Zen forest, can alsoappreciate the mystery of Zen. Recently, a 3-kilometer-long "Hehua waterway" hasbeen newly excavated, which has increased the tourist area of the star lakescenic spot by five times and integrated the land scenic spot with the waterlandscape. If you take a cruise around the lake, you will have a newfeeling.

Lengyan temple was first built in the Sui Dynasty with a history of morethan 1480 years. In 1126, the seventh year of Jingkang in the Northern SongDynasty, the Buddhist monk Shizong built a thatched nunnery here to worship thethree treasures of Buddha, known as "baiyunxiang nunnery". In the Qing Dynasty,the temple was renamed "Lengyan Temple". The word "Lengyan" is derived from theBuddhist Sutra of Lengyan, which shows the strong meaning of Buddhism.

Welcome to Xiamen, a beautiful coastal city. First of all, lets introduceourselves. Our drivers surname is Chen. Im the guide of Xiayu travel agency.My surname is ×, and my name is ×! Im very glad to be your guide and serve you.I hope you can feel happy during our time together. I wish you all have a goodtime, eat well, live comfortably, and walk well I also hope that our work canget your support!

Now, we are going to visit riguangyan scenic spot, which is located onGulangyu Island with beautiful scenery and beautiful environment. The highestaltitude is 92.7 meters, covering an area of 53000 square meters. It passed theISO14001 international environmental management system standard certification onJanuary 7, 20__, and was also rated as a national 4A scenic spot in this year.Today, we visit for one and a half hours.

Stepping into the newly built Mountain Gate, ladies and gentlemen, pleaselook up at the cliff inscriptions above the cliff in front of you. Guess howmany people inscribed these words? No one seems to have answered correctly.Lets see, there are "Tianfeng Haitao" engraved horizontally and "GulangDongtian" and "Lujiang No.1" engraved vertically. These three words areinscribed by three people respectively. Can anyone guess which one Whats thelongest history? By the way, just as this one said, "Gulang Dongtian" waswritten by Ding Yizhong, the Tongzhi of Quanzhou Prefecture in the first year ofWanli (1573) of Ming Dynasty. It has a history of more than 400 years and isalso the earliest inscription on Gulang island. "Dongtian" means "Dongtian Fudi"in Taoism, which means that Gulang island is just like the Dongtian Fudi whereimmortals live, Its up to you to experience it yourself. Lets look at "LujiangNo.1", which was written by jinshilin P of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty. It hasa history of more than 100 years, while "Tianfeng Haitao" was written by XuShiying, the governor of Fujian Province, in 1915. These four words aredrenched, and the terrain contains the unique scenery of Gulangyu. We can feelthem when we get on tianfengtai!

This cliff stone carving is sunlight temple, formerly known as LotusTemple. Maybe some friends have long wondered why it is called sunlight rock? Inthe late Ming Dynasty, Chi Xianfang, a famous scholar in Xiamen, built a privatehouse at the foot of the mountain, named "Huangyuan". This mountain was called"Huangyan" because the morning sun rose from behind the Wulao peak in Xiamen,and Lianhua nunnery was the first to shower in the sun. Therefore, it was named"Yangguang Temple". This mountain is also known as "Yangguang rock". It is alsosaid that Zheng Chenggong came to Huangyan that year, and felt that the scenerywas much better than that of Japan If you take the word "Huang" apart, itbecomes "sunlight rock". The sunlight temple is actually a cave with a stonetop, also known as "a tile". It is a delicate and small temple. Due to thegeographical factors, its main hall and Mituo hall are set up together, which isthe only one in the country. However, despite the small size of the temple, thefamous master Hongyi of our country has also been here, and he compiled theJapanese quarter here Master Hongyi, commonly known as Li Shutong, studied inJapan in his early years and was proficient in oil painting, music, drama,poetry, calligraphy, gold and stone. He was invited to Xiamen by Minnan BuddhistCollege in 1932 to give lectures until 1938, and was closed here for eightmonths in June 1936.

Riguangyan, also known as "Longtou mountain", faces Hutou mountain inXiamen across the sea. Xiamen port is guarded by one dragon and one tiger, whichis called "dragon and tiger guarding the river". This "nine summers producecold" is Huang Zhongxuns title, and his signature "Tie Yi" is his name. Thesefour words were completed together when riguangyan was built in 1918. The "ninesummers produce cold" shows that it is very cool here, and the cool comes from"Lu" Its said that there were five dragons on Gulangyu Island. Please follow meup the stone steps. This is the place where Zheng Chenggong stationed histroops. Please turn around and look at the stone carvings on the right cliff.This is the seven wonders written by general Cai Yankai, commander and deputycommander of the 19th route army, when he saw Jing Shengqing here: "I have onlyone hand to mend the sky, and the troops stationed in Bamin are the same todayand the same in the past In this poem, I remember heroes under sunlight rock.Then I turn around and look at the seven unique poems inscribed by Cai Yuanpei,a former president of Peking University, which are all about ZhengChenggong.

Due to historical reasons, the temple was destroyed. At present, the Sutrahall has been basically restored according to the original scale of 118 pillars.Now we come to the Dukang hall, which is the Sutra hall. It covers an area of800 square meters, with two floors up and down. Its a huge scale. Itsdifficult to understand that the two Buddhist scriptures, ganzhur and danzhur,have also become important collections here. There are "Ganzhuer hall" and"danzhuer hall" on both sides of the hall. In the temple, we can see that thedirection of the people who turn the Scriptures and the wheel holding the tubeare completely opposite to the direction of Buddhism, which is the so-called"Bon religion reverses the non Buddhist way".

As you climb up the stairs, you can see the inscription on the right, whichis written by he Shaoji, a great calligrapher of the Qing Dynasty. He is eagerto rush to the peak. In front of him is the "Gubi summer cave". Lets see whatthe round hole on the left cliff is used for? Can anyone guess? This is whatsoldiers used to set up tents in those days! Look, the Gubi summer cave is builtby huge stones The air vent, the wind through the hole, cool!

在北京，漫游于山水清幽、景色秀丽的颐和园，你不得不为中国皇家园林那恢弘富丽的气势而惊叹;信步于集北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿、风韵于一体的北海公园，你又不得不为这具有千年中国皇家园林史的艺术杰作而惊愕;可当你到了承德避暑山庄，那简直就要让你呆怔好一阵子，这座兼具南秀北雄的园林式宫城，依山傍水，四面群山叠嶂，胜景荟萃。承德避暑山庄面积之大，比颐和园大一倍，据说大约可装下九个北海公园，是中国现存占地面积最大的皇家古典园林。

7月中旬的北京也是夏阳酷署，我和丈夫决定去有名的避署胜地承德玩一圈。这次，我们没有打算跟团，决定做一下自由的旅人。北京距承德250多公里，我们从北京站乘了4个多小时的火车，到达承德已是下午了。在避暑山庄斜对面安顿好了住宿，便迫不急待地来到正宫午门前，上面悬挂着当年康熙皇帝亲自写下的、极具威赫的四个大字：避暑山庄。我想，当跨入这道门栏，一个久已远去的王朝历史便会向我们展开，但当天我们是无法进去了，景区已快关门。我们到景区周围去转了转，买了张景区地图，为更多的了解这个当年清朝皇帝避署和政治活动中心的庞大宫苑作一些准备。

到了傍晚，我们发现，大量的人群从景区正门旁边的一道狭小巷道往里涌，因为好奇，我们也跟着拥挤的人群进去了。原来，这些都是承德当地的居民，他们只需化几十元钱买一张年票，就可以每天得天独厚地进去锻练身体。快步穿过众多在林中锻练的人群，来到了大大的湖泊边，暮霭中，抬头远眺，隐隐约约望见大遍黑黝黝的真正的山岭静卧在落日的余辉中，心头一振，像是嗅到了一丁点儿这个神秘王朝的味儿。我们没有继续往里走，而是快快地退了出来，决定第二天一大早再来，我们有一天的时间。

次日晨曦初露，我们便起了床，还不到七点便买了门票进到了景区里。由于我们进来得较早，还没有多少旅人，密林中，不时传来鸟儿的鸣啭，还有那些温和的梅花鹿，众多早练的当地居民，他们对我们这些外地的游客非常和蔼，好一派人与自然的和谐景象。我想，当年的皇帝做梦也没有想到，今天会有这么多的普通老百姓，自由地穿梭于他们的私家园林。里面确实很大，大致分为宫殿区、湖泊区、平原区、山峦区四部分。我们拿着地图前行，走到每一个标志处都认真阅简介。很多的楹联和石碑上的文字，大多都是由皇帝们亲自撰写的，好些一时半会也读不懂，出于好奇的渴望，便用相机把它们拍下来。

在我们小时候所受的教育中，“鸦片战争”、“火烧圆明园”、那些令中国人国耻的“不平等条约”，几乎被外来强权撕碎、沉入屈辱没顶的泥淖中的中国就发生在清代，中国之所以落后于世界列强，关键是清代，因此，一提到清代，无不切齿痛恨。后来，在慢慢的阅读中，我知道了并不是整个清朝都那么令人痛恨。清代前期的几位皇帝不拘泥于民族的传统，而是以整个中华民族各支系的先进文化，甚至还曾吸收西方的传教士为本朝官吏，形成自己的治国政纲。而承德避署山庄几乎可以说是清朝“康乾盛世”的缩影。康熙是颇有作为的皇帝，不仅武功一流，而且极爱学习，也特别重视学问。他喜爱读史书，从历史中吸取教训。他以“修德安民”、“民心悦则邦本得，而边境自固，所谓‘众志成城’者是也”的思想，放弃修长城，而修建了这个幽静闲适的园林，以方便与北方的边疆少数民族建立起一种常来常往的友好关系，那些少数民族的首领不须长途跋涉到北京也有与朝廷交谊的机会和场所，以此来加强民族团结，巩固中央政权。所以，所谓避署山庄的意义远不仅限于皇室官吏们避署之用，它也是清朝皇帝亲政的一种手段。

毕竟是天下之君主，可以不受任何限制，随心所欲，呆在一个地方总想着把天下美景尽收眼底。如众多建造别致、掩映在湖光山色中的亭台殿阁之一的“文津阁”，便是仿宁波天阁而建造的皇家藏书楼。据说当年乾隆皇帝下令修阁楼时，要求在阁前假山怪石嶙峋，一汪清澈池水的美景中，当艳阳高照的时候，同时要看到月亮，否则将招来杀头之罪。这可把工匠们急坏了，最后有一位工匠想出了一个绝妙的办法，在假山洞上构筑了一个像弯月一样的石孔露窗，当光线透过石孔射到明净的池中，犹如弯月落入水中，形成了抬头看日，低头观月的景观。今天到此旅游的人们，都喜欢在洞前举手托月照像留念，我看这些人比皇帝的想像力还要丰富，当然，我们也没免俗。几乎每一处景观都是引经据古，有根有据的，如康熙45年建的“香远溢清”，就是取宋代周敦颐《爱莲说》中“出淤泥而不染，濯清涟而不妖……香远溢清，亭亭静植”的经典佳句而得名的。荷花盛开的季节，康熙、乾隆两位皇帝都曾与大臣和少数民族的首领们在此饮酒赋诗。当年诗人的借物抒怀，来这里抒情的皇帝和大臣们是否具备了这样的高尚品质，我不敢断言，但当时的皇帝崇尚这样的美德，有那么一种美好的愿望也是难能可贵的了。

避署山庄翠峦叠嶂的背后，围有一圈香火缭绕的寺庙，叫“外八庙”。这是为来避暑山庄的各族首领及贵族准备的各自的宗教场所，又一个侧面反映了当时的清朝政府和边疆各民族的亲密关系。在游完避暑山庄的第二天，一大早我们便乘路车直奔“外八庙”。为了避免走马观花，我们选择了一座建筑面积最大的“普陀宗乘之庙”。“普陀宗乘”是藏语“布达拉”的音译，因此它有小布达拉宫之美称，是中原地区虔诚信徒竟相朝拜的佛教圣地。这座建筑精美，气势雄伟的庙宇位于避暑山庄北面山麓的陽坡上，前部份的建筑是汉族式样，后部份则是藏族式样，它融合了汉、藏佛教文化艺术之精华。当我们来到最高处时，映入眼帘的是一片郁郁苍苍、以及在阳光的照射下闪闪发光的金色屋顶，让人有了一种内心愉悦和轻松的快感。据说那屋顶上金灿灿的表面是真正的黄金，但是，我们看到了好多被刮的痕迹，说是日本人侵略中国的时候被刮走的。之所以屋顶上还有些完好无损，据说，一日本士兵正在刮黄金时，被一个晴天霹雳当场炸死，吓得他们再也不敢上去了，寺庙中的很多国宝都是那时被掠走的。听了这样的故事，放松的心一下便沉重起来了。

访古探幽，回顾历史，我们骄傲我们悠久而灿烂的中华民族文明史，但我们也永远不会忘掉曾沉沦在屈辱中、被世界列强任意撕裂 的历史。在祖国母亲走过了60华诞的今天，我们自豪地仰望鲜艳的五星红旗在天空中高高飘扬，一个崛起的中华民族正在走向强大。我们庆幸我们赶上了一个美好的时代。

祝愿祖国母亲永远繁荣昌盛!

上海景点英文导游词

located at the center of the mainlands coastline, shanghai has long been a major hub of communications, transportation, and international exchange. the municipality covers an area of 6,341 square kilometers and has a population of more than 13.5 million. shanghai is chinas largest economic comprehensive industrial base, and a famous historical and cultural city.

the city consistently attracts investment and is seen as an ideal venue for business gatherings. it is also a must on any agenda during a tour of china. shanghai has fostered a comprehensive transportation network that incorporates land, sea, and air travel, as well as a convenient urban transportation system. more than 300 airlines serve the city, proving direct flights to more than 20 countries and regions. the addition of the shanghai pudong international airport, which went into operation in 1999, is expected to increase the annual passenger volume to some 20 million.

special tourist trains running between shanghai and the neighboring provinces of jiangsu and zhejiang, as well as tourist bus routes along newly-constructed expressways, offer great convenience for regional travel. shanghai has more than 400 travel agencies to assist visitors, and the 127 star-rated hotels offer a total of 40, 000 guest rooms.

visitors to shanghai are not only dazzled by the modern metropolis and gateway to a developing china, but are also able to immerse themselves in the unique shanghai culture, a combination of chinese and western elements. colorful festivals and celebrations dot the yearly shanghai activities calendar, such as the shanghai nanhui peach blossoms festival, shanghai international tea culture festival and shanghai china international art festival.

shanghai has also introduced special tour packages aimed at the different interests of visitors, such as bicycling tours, hiking tours, gourmet tours, rehabilitation and health care tours, study tours, japanese young womens tours, honey moon tours, and convention and exhibition tours.

the bund

the well-known bund is a must for visitors to shanghai. fifty-two buildings lining the narrow shoreline of the huangpu river offer a living exhibition of gothic, baroque, roman, classic revival and renaissance architectural styles, as well as combinations of chinese and western styles. they are also a condensation of the recent history of the city. the wide embankment offers ample room for strolling and is used by locals for morning exercises and evening gatherings. in the evening, colorful lights illuminate the area and create a shimmering image deserving of the name pearl of the orient.

the yu garden

the yu gardens are a classical landscape in the southern chinese style with a history of more than 400 years. pavilions, halls, rockeries and ponds display the finest in landscaping from the southern style as seen in the ming and qing dynasties. more than 40 landscapes were ingeniously separated by latticed walls, winding corridors, and lattice windows.

peoples square

peoples square has become the political and cultural center in shanghai since 1994, when it was rebuilt. in and around the square are a massive fountain named the light of huangpu river, 10,000 square meters of lawns, six groups of relief carvings that depict the history of shanghai, the new shanghai museum, the offices of the municipal government, an underground shopping plaza, the shanghai grand theater and the shanghai exhibition center

the orient pearl tv tower

the orient pearl tv tower is 468 meters high, the tallest in asia and third tallest in the world. it faces the bund across the huangpu river. when viewed from the bund, the tower and the nanpu and yangpu bridges create a vivid imagery known as "two dragons playing with a pearl." the sphere at the top has a diameter of 45 meters and is 263 meters above ground. the observation deck in the sphere offers a sweeping view of the city. the revolving restaurant is set at 267 meters above pudong new area. the dance ball, piano bar and 20 karaoke rooms, at 271 meters, are also opened to the public. the penthouse, which sits at 350 meters, has an observation deck, meeting room, and coffee shop. the tower integrates broadcasting technologies with sightseeing, catering, shopping, amusement, and accommodations. it has become the symbol of the city and a major tourist attraction in shanghai.

cruise on the huangpu river

cruising on the huangpu river, visitors can gaze at the mighty skyscrapers, the monument tower to the peoples heroes, the famous waibaidu bridge and huangpu park on one bank, and the orient pearl tv tower, international convertion center, jin mao building and the newly rising pudong new area on the other. the yangpu and nanpu bridges span the river. from the river, visitors can also view the ruins of ancient cannon emplacements and fortifications at wusong and the magnificent view of the yangtze river as it empties into the sea.

nanjing road

nanjing road east, honored as "chinas no. l street", has become an all-weather pedestrian arcade. shops and restaurants provide products and services with their own characteristics, making it an ideal place that integrates shopping, restaurants, amusement and sightseeing.

luxun park

the museum and tomb are located in lu xun park. lu xun was an imminent man of letters. the museum exhibits lu xuns manuscripts, some of his personal effects, document., and photos. the headstone at the tomb of lu xun is in the calligraphy of vhio zedong and reads "the tomb of mr. lu xun."

dr. suns residence

dr. sun yat-sen, the forerunner of the chinese democratic revolution, and his wilr soong ching ling, lived in this building from 1918 to 1924. it was in the residence that dr. sun yat-sen met representatives of the communist party and fostered the first cooperation between the chinese communist party and the kuomintang.

soong ching lings residence

this is the former residence of soong ching ling. an honorary chairwoman of the peoples republic of china and the widow of sun yat-sen. she lived, worked, and studied here during the last years of her life.

birthplace of the communist party of china.

in july of 1921, the first national communist party congress was held in this building. the congress passed the partys program and resolutions, elected the central committee, and declared the founding of the cpc.

shanghai library

the new shanghai library, which covers an area of some 80,000 square meters, has a collection of 13 million books and is considered one of the top ten libraries in the world. the library incorporates the open-stacks approach favored in the west, which allows for convenience in borrowing books.

shanghai grand theater

located in the northwestern corner of peoples square. the shanghai grand theater covers 70,000 squat, meters. it is actually composed of three theaters. the theaters can accommodate performances of ballet opera, symphonies, chamber music modern dramas, and musicals. the theater also owns the largest, fully automatic stage in asia. the theater has become a symbol of modern culture in shanghai.

duolun road

cultural celebrities street, located along duolun road and surrounding areas,is a living memorial to the modern cultural celebrities of shang-hai and is also a condensation of modern culture. such chinese literary giants as lu xun, mao dun, guo moruo and ye shengtao lived and wrote here,making the road an important feature in chinas modern cultural history. in addition, the famous gongfei cafe. celebrities mansion, the shanghai art opera troupe, and hai shang jiu li also display the accumulated cultural atmosphere of duolun road today.

The rippling green lake of Kunming cant compare with the sunrise of thehigh slope with the brilliant rays; the sunrise of the high slope with thebrilliant rays cant compare with the magnificent Huangshan of Anhui; themagnificent Huangshan of Anhui, in my opinion, cant compare with the quiet andcomfortable paradise! This is the real feeling of my visit to Yichang.

When we arrived in Yichang, it was in the morning. We went to the ThreeGorges Dam first. Standing in front of the grand dam in the scorching sun,looking around at the clear and incomparable lake water, the green terraces, therolling dark green mountains, I feel very relaxed and quiet. "If the scenery isdifferent, the Three Gorges is the first one.". Guo Moruos poem is the voice ofmy heart.

In the afternoon we stayed in paradise. I have also experienced thebeautiful scenery described in Tao Yuanmings Peach Blossom Land. First of all,through a narrow and steep stone steps, we came to the Ba tribe under theguidance of the peach trees which were not blooming but were also luxuriant. Inthe article, the plain clothes and hard-working farmers didnt see it, but thefriendly and honest Ba people were also very lovely.

Among all kinds of grapefruit trees and banana leaves, they set up highlofts from the ground, with hollow windows, sharp roofs and comfortable straw.This is their home. The open-air challenge arena is covered with thatch on bothsides, and surrounded by colorful rhombic shaped handicrafts, decorated likeChinese knots. On a bamboo pole in the center, there are two big wooden tubesfor shouting. This is the place where they "recruit relatives by voice". Thewooden stakes stand in the woods. A pavilion is set up by Brown logs. The top ofthe pavilion is covered with gray and huge ox head bones. This is theirsacrificial platform. Pakistan Peoples life is really interesting, very simple,but full of adventure and strong tribal culture.

After leaving the Ba tribe, we set out for Baima cave under the guidance ofour guide. More than 30 people, in a long narrow wooden boat slowly forward. Thelight green water of the lake, which was fluctuating, swayed into a dark hole.The boat had not rowed long before it reached out. I only heard the longrhythmic sound of rowing, the clear sound of spring water ticking on thestalactite, and the small sound of bat wings from time to time. All of a sudden,the bow of the boat was knocked, and a little white light was seen at thecorner. Looking up, the top of my head was gray, and the stalactites stoodupside down. The body was rugged and of different lengths, just like playing thehigh and low notes on the keys quickly, wave after wave. On both sides are allkinds of unknown rocks, shining silver smoothly. As like as two peas looked downat the water, the shallow lake suddenly became unfathomable. The shape of thewater reflected the shape of the rock.

At this time, we seem to be in a quiet, peaceful, dreamy, isolated world.Its so beautiful that no one on the boat speaks, for fear that it will breakthe magnificent scenery! The boat stops in front of us, and we step on thewooden bridge one after another to get off the boat and walk towards the depthof the cave which is completely closed by rocks.

The wet stone surface in a variety of brilliant lights under the light of alayer of mist, the surrounding stones are like a giant standing in the cloud,reflecting a colorful light. Through the zigzag stone road, while listening tothe sound of dripping water, while enjoying another wonderful masterpiece ofnature along the road. I dont know how long Ive been walking, there is adazzling white light in front of me. Ive been in the dark space for a longtime, and suddenly I see the sun shining high. Its like Im in another worldwhen Im outside with luxuriant flowers and plants.

Out of Baima cave, we appreciate the beautiful landscape again. Themountains that cant be seen in the distance merge with a corner of the lightblue sky. The artistic conception of "water and sky meet" is all here. Afterwatching the paradise in the afternoon, we got on the bus and left Yichangreluctantly.

Different cities have different places of interest, such as the ancientcity of Jingzhou, the Three Gorges of Yichang, the plateau of Yunnan and thethousand lakes of Hubei. These masterpieces of ancient people and nature arereally amazing

Distinguished guests, you have come to the ancient city of Qingzhou. Firstof all, on behalf of the leaders and staff of our travel agency, please allow meto extend a warm welcome to you. Here, I would like to introduce the generalsituation of Qingzhou.

Lets explain the place name "Qingzhou" first. As we all know, during theperiod of Dayus flood control, the whole country was divided into nine regionsfor people to live in. The nine regions were called "Kyushu", which became thepronoun of China. In the past, CCTV had a program called "the circle of Kyushu".Qingzhou was one of the Kyushu.

Why is it called Qingzhou? Qingzhou is the Oriental state. According to theancient concept of five elements, it is located in the East, the East is wood,wood color is green, so it is named Qingzhou. Sima Qian said in historicalrecords that "the East is moving, and the Yang animal is spring at that time."Wang Yin of Jin Dynasty said: "the color of Oriental Shaoyang is green, and itsQi is clear. It is the first time of the year and the beginning of the event, soit is also named green." Therefore, in the ancient concept, the East is theplace where the sun rises, the air is clear, the color is green, everything islush, full of vitality, is the spring of the year, the beginning of things. Itcan be seen that Qingzhou is a beautiful home with unlimited developmentvitality and hope.

Because of this, there are so many poems praising Qingzhou. Su Zhe, one ofthe eight great masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties, once wrote a poem:"facing the mountains, the ancient princes of the sea are defeated, and theybelieve in the first state in the East." Qingzhou is situated on Mount Tai inthe West and overlooking the sea in the East. It has been prosperous sinceancient times. Therefore, with her beauty, Qingzhou enjoys the title of "thefirst state in the East".

Ladies and gentlemen, let me introduce the current situation of Qingzhou.Todays Qingzhou City is located in the middle of Shandong Province, adjacent toZibo City in the west, Dongying City in the north, Shouguang City and ChangleCounty in the East, and Linqu County in the south. Covering an area of 1569square kilometers, the city governs three streets and nine towns, with apopulation of 900000, including more than 20000 Hui, Manchu and other ethnicminorities. Its economic scale is relatively large. In 20__, the citys GDPreached 22 billion yuan, the total fiscal and tax revenue exceeded 2.6 billionyuan, the local fiscal revenue was 1 billion yuan, the per capita disposableincome of urban residents was more than 10000 yuan, the per capita net income offarmers was 6000 yuan, and the savings of urban and rural residents was 13billion yuan,.

Qingzhou City is located at the junction of the mountainous area in themiddle of Shandong Province and the plain in the north of Shandong Province. Itpresents a variety of geomorphic features and shows a spectacular and beautifulfigure. The southwest is a mountainous area with overlapping peaks, accountingfor nearly half of the citys area. There are more than 30 main peaks, most ofwhich are above 400 meters above sea level. Among them, Yunmen mountain, Tuoshanmountain, Linglong mountain, Yangtian mountain and tangsaier village are famousscenic spots. This mountainous area is mostly limestone, karst karst landformcharacteristics. It can be imagined that this was once a vast sea. Because ofthe violent geological movement, the rock strata deep under the sea were brokenand uplifted, and then the hills were formed. In ancient times, the climate herewas warm and humid, the vegetation was rich and green everywhere. It was anideal habitat for the ancestors of Qingzhou during the cave period.

The northeast is a plain area with fertile land, deep soil layer, good soilquality, long history of cultivation, high degree of maturity, good physicalproperties, suitable for planting a variety of crops, which is the earliestagricultural development area in history. The ancients said, "Qingqi fertilesoil, the name of Dongqin, earth 20__, more than 100000 households, four solidfortresses, negative sea Rao, can be described as a country of military use."The northern plain of Qingzhou is located in the center of "the fertile soil ofQingqi". From the pre Qin period to the Wei Jin period, it is the richest areain China.

There are many rivers flowing through and originating from Qingzhou City,including Mi River, Zi River, Nanyang River, Beiyang River, etc. Zihe River andMihe River are the main stream. If Qingzhou City is regarded as a sedan chair,then the two main streams are like sedan poles, which are divided into left andright. The two rivers are the mother river of Qingzhou, which nurtures thesplendid history and culture of Qingzhou.

Qingzhou City is located at the junction of mountains and plains. Themountains in the western and southern suburbs are green and the city ispicturesque. The eastern and northern suburbs are green and beautiful. The urbanplanning area is 100 square kilometers, the built-up area is 30 squarekilometers, and the population is 300000. It is a national health city, gardencity, historical and cultural city, as well as a national well-known excellenttourist city. Today, Qingzhou City has become an emerging city with prosperouseconomy, advanced culture, beautiful environment, complete functions and thebest living environment.

Qingzhou City is an old and young city. It is ancient because it has ahistory of more than 2200 years. There have been five cities here, namelyGuangcheng County, Guanggu City, Dongyang City, Nanyang city and Qibing city. Ithas been the political center, military town and transportation hub of easternShandong for more than a thousand years. Nanyang city is well preserved now.This ancient city is located in the center of Qingzhou. From a high place, theoutline drawn by the winding wall looks like a strong ox lying there, so peoplecall it "Wo Niu city". For a long time, I dont know who has made a rule: beancurd sellers are not allowed to knock Bangzi in the city for fear of disturbingthe "cattle". Until today, when local people sell bean curd into the city, theywill automatically put away Bangzi and sell along the street instead.

Qingzhou is a city of history and culture. Fangongting road and Shiliancient street are still green stone pavement with antique flavor. Manybuildings with cornices and painted walls, resplendent and resplendent,pavilions and pavilions, pink walls and flower walls, are enchanting in theshade of green trees. There are many gardens in the urban area, such as FangongGanquan, Ouyuan rockery, Songlin academy, Wannian ancient bridge, hengwang stonesquare, Zhenjiao ancient temple, Catholic Church and so on. You can enjoy therich and colorful historical and cultural customs everywhere.

It is said that it is young because the name Qingzhou has disappeared sincethe Republic of China. Only Yidu county exists here. Until 1986, with theapproval of the State Council, Yidu county was abolished and Qingzhou City wasestablished. Up to now, it has only 20 years of history. However, over the past20 years, under the spring breeze of reform and opening up, the city hasdeveloped rapidly, made rapid progress, and is full of vigor and vitalityeverywhere.

Qingzhou is a city of spring and green. The city is full of spring, green,green shade and flowers. Nanyang river is like a green ribbon, passing throughthe city, with willows flying by the riverside, green land like a river, greenbamboo surrounding, and flowing water. Wutong, Sophora japonica, cedar, greenhawthorn trees, and persimmon trees with bonsai on each side of the city streetsform a green corridor. Whenever a flower expo is held, Qingzhou is full offlowers and trees. Qingzhou is also a city of Commerce and trade, a modern city.There are many modern buildings in the new urban area, all kinds of markets arescattered, there are lots of cars, factories are dense, traffic is developed,business and customers are gathered, the flow of people is prosperous, and thelogistics is smooth.

Now, let me briefly introduce the history of Qingzhou. Qingzhou has a longhistory. From the establishment of the Department of the governor of Qingzhou inthe Western Han Dynasty to the capital of Shandong Province in the early MingDynasty, after 1500 years, Qingzhou City has been the residence of thefirst-class national administrative region and the first-class military regionof Qingzhou, Beihai County, Pinglu Ziqing Town, Jingdong Road, Yidu Province andShandong Province, which is equivalent to todays provincial capital.

In the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty set up theDepartment of the governor of Qingzhou. It has jurisdiction over 10 prefecturesand 93 counties, which is equivalent to North Shandong and East Shandong. Duringthe Han Dynasty, Qingzhou was the richest area in China, with developedagriculture and prosperous commerce. It was the granary of the country and thesource of the silk road. Its status is equivalent to that of the Yangtze RiverDelta. Liu Che, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, visited Qingzhou several timesand devoted himself to farming in juyangdian, north of Qingzhou.

During the period of Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, China fellinto a bloody scuffle. In 311 ad, general Cao Yi occupied Qingzhou and builtGuanggu city. Guanggu city is easy to defend but difficult to attack, and it hasbecome a must for military strategists. In the next 200 years, there were morethan 20 Fierce wars and 15 changes of ownership. Along with the national war, italso brought unprecedented national integration. In 399 A.D., murongde, a nobleof Xianbei, was founded in guanggucheng, Qingzhou, and called emperor, which wascalled "Nanyan" in history. The decline of Nanyan Kingdom lasted only 12 years,but Qingzhou became the only place in the history of Qilu.

In the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Qingzhou, also known as Beihai County, wasset up as the capital of Qingzhou, and its position as an important militarytown was more prominent. In 755 A.D., Emperor Xuanzong of the romantic TangDynasty lost his country for pleasure, which led to the "rebellion of an andShi", and Qingzhou became the front line of anti rebellion. Li Zhengji, aKorean, brought Pinglu soldiers from Liaodong to Qingzhou to resist the rebels.Since then, Li Zhengji and his son have been in separate rule of Qingzhou for 50years. He occupies the territory of 15 states, across todays Shandong, Henan,Jiangsu, "supporting 100000 troops, dominating the East, neighboring vassalfear.". It took nine oxen and two tigers for the imperial court to pacify him.After that, Xue Song, the grandson of the famous general Xue Rengui, wasappointed to guard Qingzhou.

Zhao Kuangyin, the great ancestor of the Song Dynasty, beat 300 militaryprefectures with a baton and built the Song Dynasty with a yellow robe. To theeast of Bianliang, the capital city, there is Jingdong road and pacifier. Thegovernor is located in Qingzhou, which has jurisdiction over 20 prefecturalarmies and 81 counties, covering all of todays Shandong and parts of Henan,Anhui and Jiangsu. Most of the prefects of Qingzhou also held important posts aspacifiers on Jingdong road. Most of the officials appointed by the imperialcourt were well-known figures. For example, Cao Bin, the famous founder of thecountry, Fu Bi, an important official of the imperial court, Kou Zhun, anupright and famous prime minister, Fan Zhongyan, Ouyang Xiu, Wang Zeng ofLianzhong Sanyuan, Zhang Shuye of Zhaoan Songjiang and so on all lived inQingzhou. Li Qingzhao, a famous litterateur, has lived in Qingzhou for 20years.

In the early Ming Dynasty, the ancient city of Qingzhou was still thecapital of Shandong Province. In 1376, the imperial court transferred theShandong Provincial envoy from Qingzhou to Jinan. Since then, the status ofQingzhou as the political center of Shandong Province has come to an end.Qingzhou Prefecture was set up in Ming Dynasty, which governed 3 states and 16counties, covering a vast area from Dongying Bohai Sea to Rizhao Yellow Sea.Although Qingzhou Prefecture is a secondary administrative district, it islocated in the hub of eastern Shandong, known as the thoroughfare of the twocapitals and Haidai metropolis. It is still an important place for historicalfigures to meet.

Five thousand years of Qingzhou is like a mottled and splendid historicalpicture, which condenses the profound cultural heritage of Chinesecivilization.

Next, let me introduce the cultural heritage of Qingzhou.

Ancient Qingzhou is the main birthplace of Dongyi culture. In the 1970s,seven pieces of pottery were excavated in Taoyuan Village, Dongxia Town,Qingzhou City. According to textual research, this is a relic of the Beixinculture in the early Neolithic period. The Dongyi ancestors had settled in thefertile gypsum soil of Qingzhou 7000 years ago. Dongyi tribe worships the sunand takes Phoenix as totem. A large number of painted pottery relics unearthedin Qingzhou convey the earliest information of Dongyi culture. Moreover,Qingzhou still retains the traces of Dongyi ancestors activities. There areYaowang mountain where Yao patrols and hunts, Qishan mountain where Xu you andBoyi live in seclusion, and Fushan mountain named after Fubo mausoleum. Su BuTun Shang tomb is the largest Shang tomb in China except Anyang. A large numberof cultural relics have been unearthed in the tomb. The most striking ones aretwo large-scale copper Yue, which are engraved with the inscription of "Ya Chou"with the pattern of "Taotie" carved through the body.

Since ancient times, Qingzhou has developed education, gathered elites andproduced talents in large numbers. It has become the hometown of the topscholars, the place that scholars yearn for, and the hometown of celebrities.From the imperial examination in Sui Dynasty to the end of Qing Dynasty, theJinshi in Qingzhou City ranked first in Shandong Province. There were 155candidates with names, including 6 number one scholars. The volume of ZhaoBingzhongs number one scholar in Qingzhou museum is the only copy in thecountry before Ming Dynasty, which can be called a national treasure. The bookis 21% off, 3.46 meters long and 2460 words in full. With "solid administration"and "solid", it brilliantly expounds the strategies of improving theadministration of officials and rejuvenating the country, representing theprofound foundation of Confucian culture in Qingzhou.

Qingzhou is one of the earliest places for the spread of Buddhist culturein China. From the Wei and Jin Dynasties, Buddhist temples developed in a largenumber in Qingzhou, reaching more than 200 places. Longxing Temple, a thousandyear old ancient temple, is known as "the first temple in the East". More than400 statues of Buddhas unearthed from the site have been rated as one of the 100major archaeological discoveries in the 20th century. Tuoshan, the largestBuddhist statue group in eastern China, is a national key cultural relicprotection unit. There are 5 grottoes and 638 statues. The big one is more than7 meters high, and the small one is only a square inch. The shape is exquisiteand peculiar, and the carving is smooth and delicate. The exquisite statues ofYunmen mountain were appraised as "the best among kaihuang" in Tang Dynasty byLiang Sicheng, the son of Liang Qichao and a famous architect. The MountainGiant Buddha, composed of nine 2600 meters in a row, is regarded as the thirdmiracle in the history of Chinese Buddhism. The Giant Buddha has a long nose anddeep eye socket. With the observation from different angles, his lips open andclose, as if he was chanting Buddhist scriptures.

After the Yuan Dynasty, Buddhism was silent and Taoism rose in Qingzhou.The king Heng of Qingzhou was a strong advocate of Taoism. In Yunmen mountainand Tuoshan mountain, he restored Bixia palace and Haotian palace, engravedJushou, opened chentuan cave and made relief sculptures of madanyang. Taoistculture was respected for a time. Ju Shou, which is engraved on the cliff, is7.5 meters high and 3.7 meters wide. The inch character below Shou is 2.3 metershigh, so there is a local saying that "no one has inch high". Xiuzhen palace inthe holy water valley in the southeast of Qingzhou City has a beautiful legendof Zhao Kuangyin, the founding emperor of the Song Dynasty. The Taoist templefaces south to the water. In front of the gate is a thousand year old pagodatree. In the Jade Emperor hall is a memorial tablet of "long live the emperor,long live the emperor".

After the Yuan Dynasty, Qingzhou became a Hui settlement, and Islamicculture took root in the ancient city. Zhenjiao temple, located in Dongguan, aHui community, was built in 1302 ad. it is the only three Zhenjiao temples inthe Yuan Dynasty in China. The scale of the project has been continuouslyexpanded after repair. It combines the essence of architecture in China andabroad. It has both the characteristics of Chinese palace architecture and thearchitectural style of Arabia style.

In the middle of the 19th century, the west wind spread to the East.Qingzhou, located in the important part of Shandong Province, became the centerof cultural collision and infiltration between the East and the West. QingzhouCatholic Church and Christian Church are the witness of this blend.

The long history of Qingzhou has left a magnificent cultural heritage, justlike the pearls of time. The past glory and the present fragrance are enough tomake people appreciate the outstanding beauty of ancient Qingzhou. Qingzhoustourism also closely around the historical and cultural heritage, to create itsown unique brand. At present, the overall pattern of Qingzhou tourism resourcescan be summarized as: one brand, four areas. A brand is the tourism destinationimage brand of "Buddha Shoushan, ancient state blessed land". There are fourmajor areas, namely: the "Buddha Shoushan" cultural tourism area with Yunmenmountain, Tuoshan mountain and Longxing Temple under construction as the mainbody; the "Guzhou Fudi" tourism area with museums, fangongting Park and ancientstreets of Ming and Qing Dynasties as the main body; the "mountain forest"leisure tourism area with Yangtian Mountain National Forest Park as the mainbody; and the "mountain forest" tourism area with Yangtian Mountain NationalForest Park as the main body; Huanglou flower base and Mihe river system are themain parts of "Nongjiale" tourism area. In these tourist areas and theirsurrounding areas, Qingzhou has developed more than 50 sightseeing and leisurelandscapes, mainly including: Yunmen fairyland in the suburbs, cliff longevity,Tuoling Qianxun, grotto statues, mountain Buddha, exquisite beauty, Buddha lightin ancient temples, autumn moon in the sky, Tiancao forest gully, lingzeqi cave,Huanglou flowers, etc., and fan Gong Ganquan, Qingzhao Huihui, Songlin academy,puppet garden rockery, Zhenjiao in the urban area There are also some preciouscultural relics in the museum, such as the statue of Longxing Temple, the numberone scholar volume of Zhao Bingzhong, and the jade Bi of Yis descendants.

We will arrange to visit the above scenic spots one after another in thefuture. I wish you all a happy life in Qingzhou.

张家口，又称“张垣”“武城”。位于中国河北省西北部，地处京、冀、晋、蒙四省市区交界处，东靠承德市，东南毗连北京市，南邻保定市，西、西南与山西省接壤，北、西北与内蒙古自治区交界，全市南北长289.2公里，东西宽216.2公里，总面积3.68万平方公里，是北京的北大门，也是历史上兵家必争之地，重要的地理文化名城。全市辖4区、13县、2个管理区，1个高新区，分为坝上、坝下两个不同的自然区域，总人口460万人，其中农业人口310万人。

张家口的发源地是现位于桥西区的堡(bǔ)子里一带，这里的发展是整个张家口逐步繁荣的历史见证。而张家口名称的由来也和这里有密切的关系。堡子里(亦称下堡)，明代时属京师宣府镇(现宣化区(县))，为万全右卫地。宣德四年(公元1429年)，指挥使张文始筑城堡，名张家堡。张家堡高三丈三尺，方四里十三步，东南各开一门，东曰“永镇门”，南曰“承恩门”。嘉靖八年(公元1529年)守备张珍在北城墙开一小门，曰“小北门”，因门小如口，又由张珍开筑，所以称“张家口”。蒙古人和布里亚特人称之为“卡尔干”。

关于张家口堡的小北门，也有一个小小的故事。当年修建张家口堡时，为防御蒙古骑兵的突袭，决定只开东南二门不设北门和西门。可是乡民生产生活不便，大家很有意见。督建官员张文找来风水先生，当众推演。这位风水先生不知是受了张文的指使还是确实测出西北罡气太盛，提出建堡不宜开西、北门的建议。人众议论平息，城堡开始动工，很快城堡建成。堡开东南二门，东门曰永镇门，南门曰承恩门。

嘉靖八年(1529年)，由于张家口长城一带出现了相对较为安定的局面。张家口堡守备章珍为方便上下两堡之间的往来，开筑了北门。为安全起见北门开得很小，称作小北门。后来，因为边境局势紧张，张家口守军又把小北门堵死。后来，有人说小北门门小如口，张(章)姓人开，张(章)姓人守。所以就叫张家口。这个说法很有趣，但是把“张家口”出现的时间推后了一百年。

康熙年间，天下太平，官府应乡民之请打开小北门，但只开了一个宽三尺高三尺人过要低头的小门。两年后，堡子里焦家和草场巷张家结成了儿女亲家。这焦家和张家都是在张家口外放的有钱有势的京官，为方便来往，他们让官府恢复明朝建小北门时的规制，彻底打开了城门。不久，堡子里闹起了瘟疫，人们说是开小北门给带来的。最后，官司打到了宣化府。不知为什么，这次老百姓竟然胜诉，小北门又被改小，小到只可通过一顶轿子的宽度。

清光绪二十六年(1901年)八国联军逼近北京，消息传到张家口，张家口守军马上封闭了小北门，一年后才又打开。

现在，小北门作为张家口堡留存下来的唯一一个门仍然保持着当年开筑时的模样。

明清时期，张家口商贸兴盛。1551年，大境门外开设“马市”，由官方以布釜之类易蒙古鞑靼马匹、皮张。1570年，鞑靼首领俺答臣服受封，张家口被辟为蒙汉“互市之所”。1613年，张家口堡之侧筑来远堡，以张家口堡和来远堡为基础，张家口逐渐发展成为蒙汉民族贸易交往的中心。时摊铺栉比，商贾云集，来远堡外“穹庐千帐”，民族商业贸易十分兴盛。1676年，清军击垮葛尔丹，打通了通往漠北的商道，立大境门为蒙古与本部贸易的场所。到1906年各店铺已有1037家。北平、天津、山西等地客商来张家口经商者日众。1860年，俄国商人已开始在张家口出现。1884年，英、美、法等过商人纷纷到张家口收购皮张和羊毛，张家口逐渐成为陆路大商埠，“百货之所灌输，商旅之所归途”，年进出口平均银高达15000万两。张家口的皮毛在国内外影响日益扩大，“天下皮裘，经此输入海内，四方皮市经此定价而后交易”，成了誉满中外的“皮都”。由于货优物美，享有盛誉，“口羔”，“口皮”驰名国际市场。

崇礼县位于河北省西北部，内蒙古高原与冀西北山地的结合地带。总面积2334.1平方公里，总人口13

万人，距北京247公里。崇礼县地处河北省西北部，张家口市中部。东邻赤城县，南接宣化，西和北

面紧靠张北县，东北和沽源县接壤，西南与张家口区毗邻。据坊间传说，崇礼乃取“崇尚礼义”之

意。

崇礼历史悠久，曾经是北方多民族聚居之地，有着独特的民风民情和厚重的文化积淀。县城所在地的西湾子，原名大东沟，元代有名的“定边城”就建在这里。西湾子峡谷是古代一条重要的南北方向骑兵通道，可从张家口大境门直达坝上草原的金莲川。元世祖忽必烈曾于1251年在金莲川建兵城、蓄精锐，后在闪电河北岸称帝，成就了赫赫霸业。

清代，属直隶省口北道张家口厅。清康熙39年，天主教传入此地，1840年，西湾子成为蒙古教区的总教堂。

崇礼全境多为高山峻岭，海拔20__米以上的山峰有12座。东部和南部的山地为燕山山脉西段支系，北部和西部山地属阴山山脉东段的大马群山支系。我们现在正处于燕山山脉西段支系的中段位置。

崇礼和平森林公园

我们从长城岭出发，沿途经过高原训练基地田径场、明长城遗址、蘑菇坪、情人谷、玫瑰苑、月亮湾、翠云山等景点，最后返回到长城岭，进行单行环线游，行程大约需要2个小时。

崇礼属东亚大陆性季风气候中温带区域，季节差异明显，光照时间长，昼夜温差大。现在大家向右看，这是成片的白桦林，白桦，也叫粉桦、落叶乔木，树皮白色，小枝红褐色，阴性树种。适应性强，耐严寒，喜湿雨、喜酸性土壤，天然分布的大片纯林多生长在阴坡沃土上。左边我们看到的是落叶松，落叶松也叫红钎、黄钎、雾灵落叶松。松科，落叶松属。落叶乔木，树干通直，生长较快，是华北地区山地及我县上半部的主要造林树种。华北落叶松为阴性树种喜光，不耐庇荫，耐寒性强，多分布在海拔1400-20__米之间的阴坡、半阴坡。落叶松材质好、用途广，耐水蚀，耐腐朽是建筑造船及水下工程的良好用材。

翠云山森林公园空旷辽阔，既有山地丛林风光，又有高原草甸景致，很具有欧陆风情。据考古发掘和大量文物考证，崇礼境地属新石器时代晚期龙山与仰韶的混合文化，5000多年就有人群在此定居。

翠云山森林公园主题由长城咏叹、林海漫步和翠云情思三部分组成。

右侧是河北省体育局投资的高原训练基地田径场，投资910万元，在基地海拔1920米的高度建田径场，这一高度比著名的多巴高原训练基地低366米，比海埂训练基地高120米，是最适合进行高强度运动项目训练和比赛。这块地方长400米，宽240米，是山区少有的较平整的场地，且少有树木，大多为灌木丛，建设与环保并重。

现在，我们进入了通向长城岭的林荫道。

若在林间和草地寻觅，您可以看到各色蘑菇。口蘑也是崇礼的特产，它味道鲜美，营养丰富，其滋补抗癌作用日益被人们所认可。

长城岭海拔2100米，属燕山西段造山运动的沉陷带。这里的空气异常清新，负氧离子含量是城市的10倍，因此，徒步登山者只要稍作喘息，就能很快恢复体力。您过一会儿体验一下就知道了。

我们来到了长城岭停车坪，现在开始向长城岭中心景区明长城遗址攀登。请您跟随我正式进入您的翠云山之旅的第一部分——长城咏叹。

崇礼的植被属暖温带落叶阔叶林区域和温带草原区域，森林植被类型主要为天然次生林植被，以白桦、山杨面积最大，兼有红桦、柞树、椴树、红瑞木、五角枫等。人工植被林木种类有25种，阔叶林有杨、榆、柳树等，以桦树最多。针叶树有落叶松、云杉、马尾松、油松等。经济树种有山杏、苹果、海棠等。灌木树种有沙棘、红柳等。

崇礼于1958年开始，实施大兵团作战的植树造林方略，几十年如一日，倾力构筑绿色屏障，累计造林200多万亩，可谓功在当代，利在千秋。近年来，崇礼认真落实退耕还林、退耕还草、封山育林、禁伐禁牧政策，严格环境执法，加强护林防火，使生态环境得到有效保护，对于北京风沙源治理起到了良好的作用。

崇礼的草原区域主要表现为草坡植被，分为高地草甸和灌木草丛。植物组成主要是由耐寒的多年生草本植物为主。境内野生植物资源共有80个科，301属，553种。最多的是菊科、豆科、禾本科，其次是蔷薇科、毛茛科、唇形科和蓼科等。还有一些小乔木及灌木林，主要有：虎榛、锦鸡儿、丁香、胡枝子、文冠果等。

中草药有：黄芩、黄芪、赤勺、麻黄、猪苓、柴胡、高本、金莲花、芍药、防风、升麻、当归、知母、车前子、远志、狼毒、天门冬、柳穿鱼等210种。

崇礼的野生哺乳动物主要有：狍子、狐狸、獾子、貉子、山狸子、刺猬、野兔、松鼠、黄鼠、花鼠等16种，在新中国成立初期，境内有很多豹子、豺、狼、石貂、旱獭，现在已经没有了踪迹。

鸟类有：沙鸡、野鸡、石鸡、斑鸠、半翅、鹌鹑、山雁、鸿雁、鹞鹰、老雕、黄莺、鹧鸪、红嘴鸭、猫头鹰、啄木鸟、

布谷鸟、野鸽子等32种。

由于大自然赋予金莲花消炎败火的功效，所以它对人大有裨益。您看她，形若莲花，亭亭玉立，金灿灿、光闪闪，着实让人喜爱。一位诗人曾面对金莲花吟出了优美的诗句：“莫道香苑花中王，休比雍容华贵装。玉洁冰清驱毒火，谁人识得好娇娘?”

这里还有难得一见的雪绒花。雪绒花是奥地利的国花，它会让人想起电影《音乐之声》里那首脍炙人口的歌曲《雪绒花》。这美丽的精灵，只有在海拔1500米以上的草甸、林地才能见到她的芳踪。因她的枝叶花朵生有一层如白雪般的绒毛而显得高洁灵秀、与众不同，它的金黄色的造型独特的花蕊，会让您心中升发出一种别样的情感。

20__年8月，从瑞士访问归来、深知雪绒花价值的著名文学家冯骥才，在蔚县参加中国民间文化遗产抢救工程剪纸专项工作会议期间，游览“空中草原”时，惊奇地发现有的呈地毯型生长，多为群星分布的大面积生长着的雪绒花，于是写了《中国的雪绒花在哪里》。

在奥地利，雪绒花象征着勇敢，因为野生的雪绒花生长在环境艰苦的高山上，常人难以得见其美丽容颜，所以见过雪绒花的人都是英雄。

看，这是一块具有纪念意义的人工岩石，上面有个醒目的篆体 “功”字，那是为纪念一代又一代在植树造林中立下汗马功劳的英雄们而特意刻写树立的。

现在我们看到的是明长城遗址。

崇礼境内有燕、秦、明长城遗址122公里，烽火台153个。长城岭长城修建于明成化21年前后，是在北魏长城的基础上重修的。明代曾大修长城18次，历时200余年，赤城、崇礼、龙关一线的长城在整个明代长城史上占有重要地位。明朝宣德初年，朝廷军力不支，为防蒙古各部南下，于宣德五年将开平卫移至独石口，以防胡虏，控制南北。此后，该段长城在正统、景泰、成化、嘉靖、万历年间均有不同程度的修补，而第一次大规模整修是在成化二十一年，即公元1485年。

1981年长城普查时，在马驹沟之南发现了成化元年即公元1465年修长城的“永镇”摩崖石刻，刻有“成化二年四月十六日彪示重修”字样。第二次大修是在嘉靖24年，即公元1545年，据当时的文献记载，塞外长城有内、外两道，俗称内、外边墙，也称北路长城。

1981年，长城普查工作人员在本县清三营乡破庙堡的一座磨房里发现了两块石碑，其中的一块石碑上清楚地刻着：“万历四十年四月修完。本边底阔一丈六尺，平高一丈七尺，收顶三尺。”碑文中的“边”即指外边墙。石碑明确记载了此段长城当时的相对高度是两丈，约合6.6米。

作为今天崇礼与赤城两县界标的长城岭长城，正处于外边墙西侧南北段的中间位置。

这道外边墙全部用石块垒砌而成，已经严重坍塌损圮，虽然不如八达岭长城高大华美，但它却营造着一种特殊的时空氛围，显得沉毅凝重，悲壮苍凉。走近长城，遥想戎马倥偬，纵观烽火硝烟，会有走进历史的.感觉，您或多或少会有一份感慨。令国人欣慰的是，20__年7月8日，在葡萄牙首都里斯本，长城被评为世界新七大奇迹，而且高居榜首!

离开长城岭景区，乘坐旅游观光车向西南行驶几分钟，要穿过一片林海，那是您翠云山森林公园之旅的第二部分——林海漫步。我们的游览车将在一条起伏曲折的山巅小路穿行，由于是在丛林行进，有人称之为绿色通道。

土豆就是马铃薯，当地人叫它山药，崇礼的出产的脱毒薯块茎硕大，味道可口，经专家测定，其所含营养比其它种类的土豆高出许多，堪称土豆之冠。

崇礼的蚕豆皮薄粒大，颗粒均匀，色泽乳白，口味香甜，富含卵磷脂，氨基酸含量大大超过其它产地的蚕豆，用它做成的玉带豆出口日本后大受欢迎，被日本美食家称为“绿色有机食品”，有趣的是，日本有关部门居然能在鱼龙混杂的进口蚕豆中准确检测出崇礼出产的蚕豆，这让崇礼人很是自豪。崇礼蚕豆还被河北省命名为“河北蚕豆”，被省育种基地命名为“冀张蚕1号”。

甘蓝俗称元白菜、回子白、疙瘩白，崇礼的甘蓝不仅营养价值高，而且很有特点，它从里到外几乎都是绿色，做出的菜肴不变形不变色，爽脆可口。别看它个儿小，却很瓷实，分量很重，有一次一辆运送蔬菜的汽车在山坡抛锚，司机就用它充当石头打堰儿，阻挡了车轮下滑。

崇礼的蔬菜种植已经有了长足的发展，目前，已经有多个生产基地，无公害蔬菜面积已经达到11万亩，占全县耕地面积的40%以上，年蔬菜总产量18万多吨，被确定为“奥运蔬菜备选基地”、“外埠进京蔬菜基地县”和“河北省出口蔬菜基地”。

崇礼的新品种彩椒个大肉厚，色泽艳丽，是由以色列专家培育并提供籽种的，大部分被外商包销空运出境，还上了国宴!真是“不说不知道，一说吓一跳。”

我们现在到了蘑菇坪停车点。从前的蘑菇坪可是草高数尺，绿波荡漾，兽走禽飞的好地方哦。

传说，从前有个叫毛古平的小伙儿来到这里采药，发现地上有一滴滴的鲜血，他顺着血迹寻找，突然发现在浓密的草丛中侧窝着一只老狼，那狼身上被射进两支利箭，毛古平定睛一看，老狼已经死去，身边有一只小狼崽还在挣扎着吮吸母狼的乳头，当时已是中秋，山上寒风阵阵，小狼瑟瑟发抖，毛古平见状顿生怜悯之情，他将狼崽抱在怀里，匆匆赶回山脚下的家中，让自己家正在哺乳幼崽的母狗喂养。毛古平还给小狼崽起名叫毛三儿。毛三儿长大后很通人性，时常到野外捕猎狍子和野兔，叼回家中与主人分享，还隔三差五来到这里伸长脖子嚎叫，好象是对母亲的思念和哀悼。有一天，毛古平来到这里放羊，一只大野狼突然向羊群发动袭击，负责守护羊群的毛三儿迅速冲上前去，和野狼撕咬在一起，毛古平急忙跑上前来用羊铲猛击野狼，野狼见势不妙慌忙逃窜。后来，毛古平的故事被人们知道了，于是，这个地方就被叫成了谐音的“蘑菇坪”。

穿越林海。我们来到了情人谷。关于情人谷，还有一个美丽的传说呢——

明代万历年间，翠云山下有一个村子，村里的人过着半农半牧的生活。一天，在大东梁西坡上放牛的一位60多岁老汉，由于旧疾复发，一下子倒在梁头上滚下山坡，被正在巡视长城工程的百户统领远远看见了，他立即派一个叫霍明的壮小伙子前去救助。霍明跑到近前一看，老汉面面色苍白，呼吸微弱，他急忙掐老汉的人中，过了一会老汉醒了过来，但却因过度虚弱，不能动弹。经统领同意，霍明和另外两个年轻小伙儿轮流背着老汉下山回家。老汉有个女儿，叫刘翠云，长得亭亭玉立，眉清目秀，她对霍明三人的义举很是感动，尤其对英俊憨厚尚未婚配的霍明情有独钟。刘老汉也非常喜欢霍明。从那以后，霍明经常来看望老人和翠云。霍明从东面的堡城来东梁底村要走很远的路，翠云心疼情人，加之在家里谈话不方便，于是就约定各走一段路，到山上去见面，幽会的地方就定在这里。后来两人结成了百年之好。在霍明和翠云的撺掇下，长城东面堡城的小伙子们和长城西面东梁底村的姑娘们开始了婚恋洽谈会，而幽会的地点全都定在这里。所以，此地就成了名副其实的“情人谷”。据说这个风俗一直延续到清代。有戏言说乾隆皇帝到塞外视察，听说了情人谷传奇，也想来感受一下浪漫风情，但因连日大雨，道路湿滑，故而未能成行。

下一景点就到了玫瑰苑，顾名思义，这里生长着众多野玫瑰。若在野玫瑰花盛开的时候来此游览，那诱人的花香有如玫瑰仙女驾临，会令您心醉神迷。

若在林海宿营，看密林幽幽，听虫语鸟鸣，必会心游物外，肺腑玲珑。这清爽宜人的天然氧吧，会让您精神倍增。我们现在来到了翠云山的月亮湾。这是您翠云山森林公园之旅的第三部分——翠云情思。

在对面的山上看这里，感觉我们脚下的山脊地形酷似一湾新月，月亮湾因此而得名。盛夏时节在月亮湾环顾四周，可见层峦耸翠，佳木凝碧，芳草萋萋，无尽的绿色撩人心扉，芬芳的空气沁人心脾。站在山巅，迎徐徐山风，您一定神清气爽，以至陶然若醉而留连忘返。

古代智者对自然的认知程度丝毫不亚于今人，而“天人合一”的理想仍是当今国人构建和谐社会的至高境界，如果人人都以苍生为念，以天下为怀，以绿色为爱，那将是一幅何等美妙的画卷啊!

崇礼拥有全省面积最大的原始次生林地，有林面积超过100万亩，森林覆盖率达39%。翠云山森林公园有着被人称道的欧陆风光。现在，崇礼已经跻身河北省旅游强县之列。今后，崇礼将会有更多具有阿尔卑斯风情的森林公园展现在您的面前。

虽然崇礼的山山水水比不过华山之险、泰山之雄、娥眉之秀、嵩岳之幽，然而，它却可以春赏花、夏避暑、秋观景、冬滑雪，它将以连绵不断的鲜美绿色、瑰丽迷人的北国白雪和长城脚下的古道热肠——迎接四海嘉宾来此欢度美好时光!现在，我们开始从翠云山上的月亮湾缓缓下山。这里峰回路转，草木芳香，您可以欣赏道路两旁高大的白桦林、落叶松和浓密的灌木丛。

这是翠云山森林公园度假村。

丛林环抱的度假村随时欢迎您来此休闲观光。

汽车已经安全地下了翠云山。我们转了将近一圈，现在正向始发地行进。

沽源县得名于“沽河”(又名白河)之源。沽源又是黑河、白河、滦河的发源地，可以称之为“三河之源”，属内蒙古高原南缘，古长城外侧的坝上地区，北靠内蒙，东依承德，西接大同，南距北京仅270公里，距离省会石家庄600公里。位于河北省北部，闪电河上游，邻内蒙古自治区。东邻承德市丰宁县，南与张家口市赤城、崇礼县接壤，西与张北、康保两县相连，北与内蒙古太仆寺旗、正兰旗、多伦县毗邻。总面积3654平方公里，县辖4镇10乡，总人口23.1万，县城平定堡镇距北京市287公里，距张家口170公里。境内山脉起伏连绵，属阴山余脉，全县平均海拔1536米，华北著名的第三高峰冰山梁，海拔2332米，山顶洞内结冰终年不化。气候属温带大陆性草原气候。年平均气温+1.6℃，年日照时数最长3246小时，最短2616小时，年降水量426毫米，无霜期日数117天。汛期主要反映在6、7、8三个月，期间降水量占全年降水量的53%。 大旱气候多，风沙大。

全县在册耕地166万亩，人均7.5万亩，主要农作物有燕麦、马铃薯、亚麻、杂豆、蔬菜、是华北最大的脱毒薯基地。由于日照长，昼夜温差大，土质肥沃，农产品品质高，且无公害、无污染，是"出自最佳生态环境的绿色食品"。草场176万亩(其中人工草场38万亩)。

沽源不仅有优美的风光，还有悠久的历史呢。早在遥远的新石器时代，沽源就有了人类居住，这块富庶美丽的土地，不仅是勤劳憨厚的北疆各游牧部族繁衍生息的依托地区，而且也被各代统治阶级视为“风水宝地”。北魏统治者在大宏城设置御夷镇，以防柔然，捍卫平城。辽代统治者实行四季捺钵的特殊政治制度，沽源是其主要出猎捺钵区，承天皇后并在此建凉殿。金世宗每逢夏季经常避暑行猎于此，将这金莲争芳吐艳的苍茫原野，取金莲玉叶之意更名为“金莲川”，并在闪电河畔建“景明宫”为避暑疗养圣地。元代从忽必烈定制起，实行巡幸两都制度，沽源就成了天之骄子的驻跸和游猎地。明代，这里为“九边重镇”之一的“开平卫”，为防蒙古侵扰，派有重兵屯守。清代，蒙古察哈尔部迁牧于此，这里就成了皇家牧场基地之一。沽源神州，滋育过千古风流，创造着古老文明!历史的车轮在不断向前滚动，我们的旅游车轮也在向前游移。坝上草原就像一副美丽的画卷，而我们每一个人都在画中游!

历史上沽源曾是北魏御夷镇，也是辽、金、元三代帝王的避暑圣地。辽代萧太后梳妆楼，历尽千年沧桑，至今仍屹立在闪电河畔，金代景明宫、元代察汗淖儿行宫、清代胭脂马场、狩猎场、张库古商道、明代长城和古烽火台及元代宏城遗址，九连城遗址等一大批源远流长的历史文化古迹，至今尚存。在沽源这块广袤的草原上，孕育了北方少数民族文化，涵养了一代代民族英豪，也留下了许多美丽动人的传说。

五花草甸位于葫芦河流域十万亩湿地草原的北部，距县城7.5公里，面积两万余亩，是锡林郭勒盟草原最漂亮，最富魅力的原始草场。那锡林郭勒盟草原是唯一被联合国列为世界自然遗产保护名录的草原。我们这块五花草甸是非常珍贵的，为什么呢?小李在前边讲过，沽源县共有天然草场202万亩，其中天然湿地草原60万亩是距北京最近的原始湿地草原，其保存之好，花草之茂在中国北方尚属罕见。五花草甸因为特殊的地理位置和气候而生成，所以这两万亩之外是看不到这样的景观的。就连生长在内蒙古大草原的游客都专程驱车来我们这看五花草甸的盛景。大家知道，湿地被人们誉为“地球之肾”，“没有湿地就没有水!”湿地与人类的生存、繁衍及发展息息相关，是自然界最富生物多样性的生态景观和人类最重要的生存环境之一。湿地不仅为人类的生产、生活提供大量的资源，而且具有巨大的环境功能和效益。在抵御洪水、调节径流、蓄洪防旱、控制污染、调节气候、控制土壤侵蚀、除淤造路、美化环境等方面有着其他系统不可替代的作用。位于沽源县城南7.5公里、赤宝公路沿线西侧，总面积4000亩。牧草平均高度达0.8米，草甸内现已发现各种植被630多种，其中以毛莨科植物为主，还有十多种属省内或国内罕见植物，如野罂粟、大叶龙胆、沙参、石竹花、水麦冬等。

大家看，蓝天，白云，轻风、绿草，还有远处的山脉，这让我们想到了一首诗：刺勒川，阴山下，天似穹庐，宠

盖四野;天苍苍，野茫茫，风吹草低见牛羊。为什么叫它五花草甸呢?这个名字呀，是有来历的。每年的五月中旬，当青草泛出淡淡嫩草之时，便有朵朵花蕾俏然绽放，草随花茂，花伴草生。每隔半月均有五种以上的花种婀娜吐艳，展现在草原上，所以称之为“五花草甸”。鲜花从五月盛开，盛状一直持续到九月，中科院曾经有位专家说过，这里品种达170多种，有10多种名扬四海的中草药，最著名的有金莲花、芍药、百合、宣草、翠雀、石竹、毛莨、沙参等。甸内奇花异草不计其数，其中尤以盛产的金莲花最为著称。此花既可入药，又可制成上等茶叶，清凉解署、化痰止咳、润喉清肺。还有黄花，俗称金针菜，盛开的季节可遍布整个草甸，那可是餐桌上一道美味佳肴。草甸内还出产野韭菜、韭花、野山葱等许多可供食用的野菜。采来略加调制便是市场上买不到的调剂口味的特殊菜肴。草甸内还有很多上好的药材如秦艽、柴胡、水麦冬，黄芪、沙参等等。每逢夏季来临，大批候鸟迁徙到此，在草旬内筑巢孵卵、繁衍后代，这时，百花齐放、百鸟争鸣，鸟语花香使整个草甸充满活力了先机和活力。小李是土生土长的沽源人，可也是只认识其中的几种，如果大家哪位认识更多，那可要告诉小李，小李以后就可能告诉更多的游客了。好，现在大家拍拍照吧!

大家好!

桐乡乌镇是闻名江南的历史文化名镇。据《乌青镇志》记载，唐咸通年间始正式称镇，据今已有一千多年历史。伟大的革命文学家茅盾就诞生在这里。乌镇位于杭嘉湖平原北部，京杭大运河西侧，地当水陆要冲，古处两省(浙江、江苏)三府(嘉兴、湖州、苏州)、七县(乌程、归安、崇德、桐乡、秀水、吴江、震泽)交界之地。

古人称它为姑苏留都之前户，嘉湖浙甸之后屏。乌镇原以车溪(今市河)为界，分乌青二镇，河西为乌镇属湖州府乌程县，河东为青镇属嘉兴府桐乡县。直到1959年，市河以西的乌镇划归桐乡县，才统称乌镇。乌镇名称从何而来?据传，古代有一姓乌的将军，为讨伐叛臣力战死于车溪河畔，后葬于此。

人们为纪念这为乌将军，就将这里取名乌镇。当然，这只是传说。但乌镇的历史确实比较古老，据考证，乌镇东栅谭家湾(新春村)，为新石器时代遗址，属马家浜文化，距今已有6千多年历史。

乌镇素以水乡集镇著称。全镇市区河道如网，水街相依。纵横的溪塘，穿街傍市。溪上众桥飞跨，塘畔绿树成荫;河中舟楫不绝，市上笑语阵阵，这一切给水乡乌镇增添了诗情画意。乌镇历史文化悠久，名胜古迹甚多，市河西岸的唐代银杏，相传为埋葬乌将军时所树，自唐迄今，历时已有一千佘年。十景塘边的昭明太子读书处，为梁朝遗迹。

市河东观前街上的修真观戏台，始建于乾隆十四年(1749)，是浙北水乡集镇保存下来仅有的古戏台。乌镇自南宋以来，名园巨宅代有所建，如今镇上还留下不少有清末民初建筑风格的古老民居。其中西栅的朱家楼别具一格。此楼建于民国元年(1912)，青砖灰瓦，雕门画窗。楼上楼下全部方砖铺地，形成上下两座厅堂，人称“厅上厅”。镇西的两座古石桥，也是遐迩闻名。这两座石拱桥，均建于明代，两桥成直角相连，任你站立哪一座桥边，均可透过桥洞看到另一座桥，故有“桥里桥”之美称。

乌镇不仅揽古老之胜，水乡之美，还由于它的名字跟文学巨匠茅盾联系在一起，固而更 添生色。如今，它已成为浙北著名的旅游之地。

浙江乌镇导游词四乌镇是浙江的一个水乡古镇，也是一代文豪茅盾先生的故乡。据谭家湾古文化遗址的考证表明，大约在6000年前，乌镇的先民就在这一带繁衍生息了。那一时期，属于新石器时代的马家浜文化。

唐时，乌镇就隶属苏州府。唐咸通十三年(872)的《索靖明王庙碑》首次出现“乌镇”的称呼。乌镇称“镇”的历史可能从此开始。乌镇的建镇史有1200多年了，京杭运河穿镇而过，历史上曾以河为界分为乌、青两镇。河西为乌镇隶属于湖州府乌程县，河东为青镇隶属于嘉兴府桐乡县，至直1950年乌青两镇才正式合并，统称为乌镇，属桐乡县，隶嘉兴，到今天。