上海英语导游词(通用20篇)

Dear tourists

Hello everyone! Its a great honor to meet you. My name is Xia Jianan. Youcan call me Xiao Xia or Xia Dao. If you have anything to do during the journey,you can call me at any time. My number is

We are going to Longhu Mountain scenic spot, which is 18 kilometers awayfrom Yingtan City. Ladies and gentlemen, now we come to the tourist center ofthe scenic spot. Were going to take the plank road first today. You see, thereis elephant trunk mountain. Because it is like an elephant drinking water, so itis called "elephant trunk mountain". OK, lets take a bamboo raft and enjoy thescenery on both sides of the Luxi river. Because there are many people and fewboats today, and a bamboo raft can only make eight people, so please payattention to safety!

Well, please see, this is the book mountain, this is the mushroom mountain,this is the lion looking back, is it a bit like the Sphinx? Behind the mushroommountain is the literary giant meditation, this "literary giant" is Lu Xun. Thisis a mosquito free village. Because there are a lot of camphor trees in thevillage, the fragrance of camphor trees drives away mosquitoes, so there are nomosquitoes for many years. This is what is called "ass kissing hill". Why is itcalled "ass kissing hill"? Because the grass grows very strange on the cliff,and there is a bunch of grass, which looks like Chairman Maos "Mao". It lookslike Jiangs "Jiang" on the side. It looks like Xi Jinpings "practice", so itis called the "ass kissing hill".

Now we went to xianshuiyan to watch the cliff tombs. Most of these clifftombs belong to the 2500 year old Guyue people. The cliff tombs are 300 metershigh, and the low ones are also 300 meters. These cliff tombs have single tombsand group tombs. There is a hanging coffin show at 2 and 4 p.m. every day, whichis performed by the five brothers of the compatriots who collect herbs on thedragon and tiger mountain. You can enjoy it.

Longhu Mountain is also the birthplace of Taoism in China. There are 63generations of heavenly masters living here. There are 91 Daogong, 81 Daoguan,30 Daoyuan, 24 daodian and 36 Daoyuan. Such palaces, temples and courtyards arerare. However, the large-scale Shangqing palace and the "heihan Tianshimansion", where Tianshi lived, still exist today.

Ladies and gentlemen, please dont move. Keep the balance of the raft.Dont litter with peels, gum, etc. You cant Scribble in the scenic spots. Havea good trip!

Hello, everyone. Now our scenic spot is the "Bamboo Sea Grand View" inGuangning. Guangning County is one of the top ten bamboo townships in China. Thearea of bamboo forest is 1.04 million mu, and there are 238 kinds of bamboo. Thewhole scenic area covers an area of 8.13 square kilometers, which is half thesize of Macao. Its landscape has five characteristics: Huangyou, shuibi,Qishuang, Yiya and Jingmei.

[entrance of scenic spot]

Dear tourists, in front of us is the gate of the scenic spot. It uses lightgreen double character roof truss to form a "bamboo" shape. The "bamboo" inChinese characters is formed according to the bamboo leaf pictograph. The whitewalls and grey tiles on both sides of the gate, the top curve like the waves ofthe sea, there are bamboo and sea, which forms the symbol of the Grand View ofthe Bamboo Sea tourist area.

[Lingbo plank road]

This is called Suijiang river. The winding along the river is the "Lingboplank road". Walking on the plank road, there are dense bamboo forests on oneside, clear water on the other side, and a ten mile green bamboo corridor on theother side.

[dragon Turtle Island]

Longguizhou used to be a sandbank by the river, but the villagers nearbyregarded it as a treasure land of geomantic omen, saying that it couldaccumulate wealth.

You see, this is the bamboo water wheel, which is known as "the largest inthe world". It has a diameter of 12.8 meters, full of movement and grand shape.It is also one of the symbols of the Grand View of the bamboo sea.

Please come here, this is another "No.1 in the world" - No.1 Caixia stonedragon turtle in the world. It is also called wucaishi Longgui. This stone wasoriginally produced in Liuzhou, Guangxi. In order to exploit this huge stone,the local people spent three years digging. First, they cut 180 tons of hugestone into 12 tons of Longgui shaped stone. 30 people spent 28 days, with 8jacks and 28 round rolling logs, and finally transported the huge stone to thefoot of the mountain. Then, after three months, nine skilled stonemasons carvedit into 8 tons The heavy one is the tortoise. OK, after watching the stonedragon turtle, lets take a bamboo raft tour of the river.

[Suijiang bamboo Gallery]

The river in front of you is called Su í river. This river used to becalled "shuaijiang", because every three or five years, it will flood the bambooforests, farmland and peoples homes on both sides, so it is cursed as"shuaijiang". Later, after treatment, the flood was reduced, and people changedit to "Suiyuan", which means "Suiyuan". Suijiang river originates from HUAIJIand runs through Guangning. After flowing through Sihui, it joins Xijiang Riverand Beijiang River and becomes a part of Pearl River.

Please see, on both sides of Suijiang River are green bamboos, stretchingfor hundreds of miles. Bamboo used to belong to Gramineae plants with a widevariety, which can be called the big family of plant kingdom. There are about 42genera and more than 400 species in China.

Among the existing bamboos in Guangning, Qingpi bamboo has the largestnumber and the largest planting area.

Green bamboo has a wide range of uses. It can be cut to make fragrantbones. After the fragrant bones are burned, they are gray and white, while inother places, they are black. Another major use of bamboo is to cook and eat, ofcourse, bamboo shoots. Every kind of bamboo shoots in Guangning bamboo townshipcan be eaten, and there are bamboo shoots on the market all year round.

Forget your worries Island

Everybody, lets go ashore and have a look at the island in front of us.This island is called forget worry island. It is a small island covering morethan 100 mu on Suijiang river. The whole island is full of green bamboos, but noone lives in it. It is full of poetry and painting. It is a good place forleisure, relaxation and entertainment. There are more than 20 participatory,interesting and competitive amusement projects on the island, which make peopleenjoy themselves and forget to return.

[central area]

Now we will take the unique bamboo jeep to the central area. What is abamboo jeep? It is a jeep that is replaced by bamboo in addition to the mainmechanical system. Looking at its shape, it seems that it is all made of bambooexcept the wheels.

Ladies and gentlemen, the central district is here. In the shopping mallshere, you can buy Guangning green jade, exquisite bamboo and wood craftproducts, Guangning nano bamboo charcoal, Guangning winter honey, wildmushrooms, fungus, dried bamboo shoots, etc.

In the restaurant, you can eat all kinds of delicacies made with bambooshoots and mountain treasures. There are 38 kinds of dishes mainly made frombamboo shoots, such as bamboo insect, bamboo forest chicken, Dictyophora, sourtaro pod, red fern, mustard, bamboo wine, bamboo core tea, bamboo rice, etc. Ofcourse, the most famous is the whole bamboo shoot banquet I mentioned justnow.

Ladies and gentlemen, the scenery is different throughout the year. Whenwill you come again and stay in the window House Hotel here for a night? Youwill have a deeper understanding of bamboo and be intoxicated with bambooculture and paintings.

Zhaoqing tour guide 5

Zhenshan is located 3 kilometers southwest of Sihui City, with a height of649 meters. In the scenic spot, the trees are verdant, the mountains are clearand the valleys are secluded; the clear spring waterfall, the clouds aresteaming and the fog is blue, which is like a fairyland on earth.

In the Tang Dynasty, Zhenshan was originally named guangzhengshan, but itwas renamed Zhenshan because of the saying that "Wenshi Zhennv was promoted toimmortality here". In addition to the unique natural landscape, Zhenshan iswell-known in Lingnan, which has a lot to do with the legend of WenshiZhenxian.

According to legend, in a small village in yaosha township at the foot ofZhenshan mountain, there is an old couple who are over 50 years old and have nochildren, which is a bit of a fly in the ointment. One night, as soon as thecouple entered the dreamland, they vaguely saw a snow-white lotus floating in,and suddenly felt the fragrance of the house. Soon after, his wife becamepregnant, conceived in October and gave birth to a baby girl. The couple werevery happy. When the girl was full moon, an old friend from a neighboringvillage came to celebrate with his wife and three-year-old brother Qiao. The twofamilies also made an engagement for their children in public. In the twinklingof an eye for more than ten years, when the two families saw that their childrenhad grown up, they began to prepare for their marriage. Unexpectedly, the twofamilies were devastated by the tigers harm. Qiaos father was very ill anddied for half a year. The woodcutters mother was also blind because she was drywith tears. Seeing the miserable situation of the woodcutters family, Miss Wenthought about it again and again. She put on white clothes and resolutely wentthrough the woodcutters family to serve her mother-in-law and shoulder theheavy burden of life. Miss Wens righteous deeds and moral character arewell-known. However, when the local rich men saw that Miss Wen had grown into afair lady, they had already coveted her and had a bad heart. Once they brokeinto the house and wanted to tease her. Miss Wen held scissors and denouncedher, so they had to leave unhappily. However, they didnt give up. Later, theywanted Wengu to submit on the ground of forcing rent and debt. Wengu only gotrefuge in Guangzheng mountain. After a long time, they were found by thosepeople and tried to commit violence. Seeing this, aunt Wen stepped up the stonecliff beside the pool and sternly scolded them: "Id rather die than obey thanhumiliate me!" then she jumped down the deep pool. All of a sudden, there was astrong wind, lightning and thunder, and torrential rain. Those shameless people,being blown into a stampede, rolled down the mountain. After the rain, Wen Gusbody was lying on the pool like a deep sleep, while those shameless people weredead in the mountains. Seeing this, the villagers not only regretted themisfortune of Wen Gu, but also congratulated the gangster for not dying well. Aswe were about to go down to the pool to pick up Wengu . But once upon a time, apiece of yellow paper floated down from the sky, and the book said, "Zhenshan isa piece of white stone, Zhenshan is a piece of white stone; human beings areamorous, and their hair is white. Who worries about Zhenshan?"

Later, Guangzheng mountain was renamed Zhenshan, and Wengu tiaotan wasnamed Zhenya. When the imperial court learned of this, the emperor decreed thatWengu be granted the title of "Wenshi Zhenxian". Sihui county government alsobuilt a temple at the mouth of zhengu Valley in 82019, the 17th year of Zhenyuanreign of emperor Dezong of Tang Dynasty. It was called "zhenlie Temple", alsoknown as "fairy altar". The temple is a Taoist temple, offering a statue ofWengu with a golden body. It is held by the abbot of the Taoist priest. For morethan 1000 years, incense has been burning continuously.

In the past ten years, the memorial archway and Tianyin tower have beenbuilt in Zhenshan scenic area. Around the Zhenshan mountain, there are manyfamous places, such as incarnation pool, fairy fish, fairy snail, stone bowl,stone basket and so on. When you travel here, you can not only enjoy the quietnatural landscape, but also "see things and think of immortals", which is aspecial pleasure.

Dear friends: Good morning, welcome to Zhengding, Hebei Province! You aretired from your journey. I hope the warm sun in winter can drive away the dustand fatigue along the way, Im your tour guide, LV Xiang. I hope I can lead youto soar in the happiness that tourism brings us. Next, Id like to introduce amember of our car who is impolite, because he always faces you with his back. Heis our driver, Master Li. In fact, Master Li is recognized as a driver in ourtourism industry. His steadiness is not only his character Although his car is abit heavy, its still very stable. You will really feel safe and comfortable inhis car. Well, we will arrive at our destination in about 20 minutes. Letsenjoy the scenery outside the window and have a rest!

Today, I have the honor to show you the Longxing Temple, a key culturalrelic protection unit in China. Longxing Temple is one of the famous temples inChina, known as the four treasures of North China. It was built in the sixthyear of kaihuang in Sui Dynasty, and now has a history of more than 1400 years.In fact, the name of Longxing Temple at the beginning of the Song Dynasty was"longzang Temple", that is, longzang with hidden dragon and crouching tiger. Inthe early Song Dynasty, the Tibetan character was changed to Xingxing, and itwas changed to Longxing Temple in the 49th year of Kangxi. From the name, we canalso think of how prosperous our Longxing Temple was in the past dynasties.

Longxing Temple, with Dabei Pavilion as the main body, is a large-scalearchitectural complex in Song Dynasty. The existing area of the temple is 82500square meters. The main buildings are distributed on the North-South centralaxis and its two sides. The whole building complex is high and low, and theprimary and secondary are distinct. It is an important example to study thearchitectural layout of Buddhist temples in the Song Dynasty. After so manyintroductions, you must have a strong interest in this religious complex withthousands of history. Now please follow me to see its mysterious face!

There are six cultural relics in Longxing Temple, which can be regarded asthe best in China. They pass through the Tianwang hall and Dajue Liushi hall.Now in front of you, this magnificent hall is the only one in China that we aregoing to visit today: mani hall. Mani hall was built in the fourth year ofemperor you of Northern Song Dynasty, covering an area of 1400 square meters. Asyou can see, its layout is very unique. The center of the main hall is theXieshan peak with double eaves. In the center of the four sides of the squarehall, there is a mountain flower in each side. The Xieshan Baoxia in front of itmakes the whole building plane form a cross shape.

From the outside, we can see that the whole hall overlaps magnificently andis full of changes, which is the only existing example of Song Dynastyarchitecture in China. If you look at it again, the brackets under the eaves ofthe hall are large, the distribution is sparse, the columns are thick, and thereare obvious rolling brake side corners and rising, which are consistent with theSong Dynastys "building French style". Liang Sicheng, an expert on ancientarchitecture in China, praised the empress of Mani hall. He said that this kindof layout was only seen in Song Dynasty paintings except the turret of theForbidden City in Beijing. Do you have the feeling of crossing time and space tobe in Song Dynasty paintings now? Lets get out of the association quickly.After appreciating the general architecture of this painting from theappearance, lets go in and enjoy it more beautiful Lets go!

Please note that next, Id like to introduce the second one of LongxingTemple, the Chinese beauty of inverted Guanyin. Please look at the colorful claysculpture hanging mountain on the north wall of the inner trough of Mani hall.There are more than 30 existing statues in the hanging mountain, but thestriking one is the colorful Guanyin Bodhisattva in the middle, commonly knownas "inverted Guanyin". Because Guanyin Bodhisattva has the oath of "all livingbeings will never be able to reach the end of universal salvation, and allliving beings will never reach the end of universal salvation", it forms theimage of inverted sitting Guanyin. The statue of Avalokitesvara is 3.4 metershigh. Please look at the eyes with deep wisdom overlooking us. Do you feelshocked? In fact, what is beautiful about her is not only her elegant posture,beautiful face, but also her broad mind and her touching compassion.

Through the archway and the altar, we can see that there are two typicaltwo-story Pavilion style buildings in the Northern Song Dynasty on both sides ofthe central axis. They are zhuanlunzang Pavilion and Cihua Pavilion.

The zhuanlunzang pavilion was built in the Northern Song Dynasty. Thediameter of the zhuanlunzang Pavilion in front of us is 7 meters. It is dividedinto three parts: the Tibetan seat, the Tibetan body and the Tibetan roof. A10.8-meter wooden shaft runs up and down in the middle. You will be interestedto ask what is the use of such a special magic weapon? According to historicalrecords, zhuanlunzang was created for the convenience of illiterate or nonliterate believers in the southern Liang Dynasty. The believers have the samemerit in pushing the wheel for a week as in reading the Scriptures once.Although it has been thousands of years, it only needs two or three people tomake it rotate slowly. Isnt it amazing? As a special form of magic weapon, ithas a history of more than 1400 years since it came into being. However, due tonatural and man-made reasons, there are few existing objects in China. Amongthem, lunzang in Longxing Temple is one of the oldest and most precious Thehistorical remains of the world.

As we all know, in the history of Chinese calligraphy, the Sui Dynasty wasa transitional period from Hanli to Tangkai. The longzangsi stele that I want tointroduce now is the representative work of this period. Its font is dull andbroad, clumsy but elegant, solemn but not dull. It can be said that it is astandard regular script and precious material for studying the history ofChinese calligraphy. Kang Youwei, a famous scholar in modern times, also calledthis stele "Sui stele", and later generations even called it "ancestor ofregular script". Please enjoy it!

What we are seeing now is the Dabei Pavilion, the main building of LongxingTemple. Entering it, we will see a 21.3-meter-high bronze cast iron Guanyin,which was cast in the fourth year of Kaibao in the Northern Song Dynasty. It has42 arms. Besides its two eyes, it has 20 hands on the left and right sides ofits body, holding different magic weapons. Each hand has one eye, which becomes40 hands and 40 eyes. It is said that each hand eye has 25 kinds of mana, and 40hands and 25 eyes become thousands of hands and thousands of eyes. Therefore,this Avalokitesvara is also known as "Avalokitesvara with thousands of hands andeyes". It is worth mentioning that as early as more than 1000 years ago,Longxing Temple was naturally called the "Great Buddha Temple" because of itsexistence. It was only by hand that such a large bronze Buddha was made withoutmechanization, which created a miracle in the history of metallurgy and foundryin the world.

Later we came to the Pilu hall, where a bronze statue of Pilu Buddha wasworshipped in the middle. "Pilu" is the Sanskrit abbreviation of "piluzana",which means "light shines everywhere". Pilu Buddha is Sakyamunis Dharma Buddha.This Pilu Buddha is 6.72 meters high. There is a small Buddha on the Chiba lotuspetals of the three-layer lotus seat, forming a pattern of "Thousand Buddhascircling Pilu". There are also three layers of four Buddhas, a total of 12. EachPilu Buddha wears a five Buddha crown. There are 1072 large and small Buddhastatues on the whole Buddha statue, which has a high historical, scientific andartistic value. It is an isolated case at home and abroad.

The happy time always passed quickly. Our tour was coming to an end. If youhave any opinions and suggestions on me, you must tell me so that I can improveand make better progress. Thank you!

Baotou Nanhai is located in the south of Baotou Donghe District. It used tobe an old section of the Jiuqu Yellow River. The water surface and beachgrassland were formed after the diversion of the river to the south. The totalarea of the development zone is 20 square kilometers___ The water area is 480hectares, which is divided into water activity area and lakeside sightseeingarea. The South China Sea is surrounded by green mountains in the north andYellow River jade belt in the south. The lake is rippling with green waves, thewater and grass are rich, the gulls are flying in the sky, and the scenery isunique. In 1985, it was turned into a tourism development zone. After carefulplanning and development in recent years, it has begun to take shape. TheDevelopment Zone integrates the natural beauty and artificial beauty here, whichmakes it not only have the characteristics of thick and rough outside the GreatWall, but also have the charm of Jiangnan Water Town. It enjoys the reputationof "West Lake outside the Great Wall" and becomes one of the unique touristscenic spots in grassland steel city. To travel here, you can not only goboating on the water, fish in the lake, explore pudang, have a rest in thegarden, and enjoy the pleasant scenery of the South China Sea.

Baotou Nanhai is one of the largest inland lake scenic spots in China,close to the Yellow River, covering an area of 1585 hectares, including 333hectares of water area and 15000 mu of wet grassland. More than 200 kinds ofwild animals and plants live here.

Baotou Nanhai is known as the "flood and drought wharf", among which thewater wharf is the Haizi wharf. It was a shipping port on the Bank of the YellowRiver during the reign of Kangxi. It has a history of more than 330 years. In1850, the Yellow river changed its course, and the town of nanhekou in Tuoketuocity was flooded. From then on, Nanhaizi ferry became a water transportation huband fur distribution center in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River.The economic status of laobaotou in Northwest China changed greatly. Theprosperity of economy made Nanhaizi ferry famous all over the world. The vastriver witnessed the prosperity of the "rafts" of Nanhaizi ferry in history andthe decline of the river.

Baotou Nanhai Park, formerly known as Baotou fish station, has a longhistory of fishery production. The varieties include wild yellow river carp,silver carp, silver carp, crucian carp, grass carp and other traditionalvarieties, as well as Chinese mitten crab, Yellow River catfish, blunt snoutbream (Wuchang fish), beautiful white shrimp and other valuable aquaticproducts. The rich aquatic products have attracted people who taste the "wholefish feast" in the South China Sea, and also attracted the majority of fishingenthusiasts.

When you visit Xian, you must want to see the second big wild goosepagoda. This ancient Tang Dynasty pagoda is a unique symbol of the ancient cityof Xian. The ancients once left a poem that "driving mountains and shining atnight, the morning bell of the wild goose pagoda is in the south of the city".As one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong, the big wild goose pagoda standshigh in the Cien Temple in the southern suburb of Xian, about 4 kilometersaway from the city center. It is one of the famous Buddhist pagodas inChina.

Dayan Pagoda was formerly known as Cien Temple. Cien Temple wasoriginally named Wulou temple. In 648 ad, when Li Zhi, Emperor Gaozong, was thecrown prince, he ordered to build a temple in jinchangfang, Changan, in memoryof the kindness of his dead mother, empress changsun. Facing the Hanyuan Hall ofDaming Palace in the north, it covers an area of 26570 square meters and issurrounded by beautiful scenery. It is the most magnificent and spectacularBuddhist temple in Changan, the capital of the Tang Dynasty. Now, please comewith me to visit Cien Temple and Dayan Pagoda.

[Cien Temple - stone lion - Bell and Drum Tower - Daxiong Hall - Sutralibrary]

Dear tourists, Cien Temple is a temple built by the royal family. It has aprominent position and a grand scale that no other temple can match. The templewas composed of 13 courtyards, covering an area of 340 mu, seven times the areaof the temple now. Its architecture is magnificent and its decoration isgorgeous. The existing area of Cien Temple is 32314 square meters, about 48.5mu.

Lets take a look at this pair of powerful stone lions in front of theMountain Gate of the temple. Strange to say, generally speaking, thingsintroduced into our country from foreign countries are always introduced intothe real objects first, and then there are works of art based on the realobjects. The lion settled in China, but the first exception is the lion stoneart, and then there is the real lion. As we all know, the lion was introducedinto China from Persia in the Eastern Han Dynasty, while the stone lion wasintroduced into China from India at the same time as Buddhism. The lion has thefunction of protecting the Dharma and avoiding evil. Buddhism believes that "theBuddha is the lion among the people", so the lion is often engraved in front ofthe Buddha platform, which is called protecting the Dharma lion. At the gate ofCien Temple, there are four stone lions sitting symmetrically on the left andright, and two of them are close to the gate. It is not clear when they werecarved. On the east side is the lion, teasing at the foot of hydrangea. On thewest side is the lioness, with a pair of cubs at her feet, called the lioness.It seems that these lions are also arranged in the order of male left and femaleright according to peoples habits. The two lions on the outside are carved in1785 and 1930 respectively. The height of the two pairs of stone lions is morethan 1.7 meters, and each pair weighs at least 250 kg. Its strange that thesetwo solid monsters made of eight faceted majestic stones, even if they aregently patted with their hands, will also make a metal sound like copper but notsteel, which is crisp and pleasant. Tourists, can you guess the reason?

Walking into the temple, there are two small buildings. To the East, thereis a bell tower. There is an iron bell cast in the Jiajing period of the MingDynasty, weighing 15 tons. To the west is the drum tower, in which there is abig drum. For a long time, "the morning bell of the wild goose pagoda" has beenwidely spread as one of the eight scenic spots in Guanzhong. But in the past,people thought that "the morning bell of the wild goose pagoda" refers to thebell of the small wild goose pagoda in Xian. In fact, this scene refers to thebig wild goose pagoda, because the bell of the big wild goose pagoda weighs30000 Jin. It was cast in October of the 27th year of Jiajing in the MingDynasty (1548 A.D.), more than 100 years before the bell of the small wild goosepagoda was moved into the temple.

As we all know, most temples have the main hall, and so does Cien Temple.Its main hall is located on the high platform in the center of the temple. Itwas built from 1458 A.D. to 1466 A.D. and was overhauled in 1887 A.D. The threestatues above the main hall are the three body statues of Shi Ying and Mou Ni.The one in the middle is called Dharma statue, the one in the west is calledBaoshen statue, and the one in the East is called Yingshen statue. Shiyingmuni,the founder of Buddhism, was originally a prince of ancient Indias yingpilaweikingdom. He was born in 565 BC and died in 486 BC, about the same time asConfucius. Yingye, one of the top ten disciples of Sakyamuni, is on the eastside of the three body Buddha, and Ananda, one of the top ten disciples ofSakyamuni, is on the west side. On both sides are statues of eighteen Arhats andXuanzang.

Behind the main hall is the Sutra library, which contains importantclassics such as the Tibetan Tripitaka. Downstairs is the lecture hall, whereBuddhists preach Buddhist scriptures. There is a bronze statue of Amitabha, morethan 1 meter high. Inside the hall, there is a Buddha seat offered by Xuanzanghimself, as well as a statue seat of the four heavenly kings of qingxiangshi inthe Tang Dynasty. This stone is blue stone produced in Lantian Yushan. It iscrisp and pleasant to the ear.

[origin of the name of Dayan Pagoda - Xuanzang and Temple Pagoda -Architecture and cultural relics of Dayan Pagoda]

Dear tourists, when we walk out of the Sutra library, we can see themagnificent wild goose pagoda. When you see this Tang Dynasty building, you mustbe both surprised and curious. First of all, why is the tower named aftergeese?

According to Indian Buddhist legend, there were two schools of Buddhism,Mahayana and Hinayana, and Hinayana Buddhism did not avoid meat and fishiness.One day, it was Bodhisattva giving day, but a monk in a Hinayana Temple couldntbuy meat for dinner. At this time, a group of geese flew by in the sky. A monklooked at the geese and said to himself, "today there is no meat in the house.The merciful Bodhisattva will never forget what day it is." Before the voicefell, the leading goose folded its wings and fell to the ground. So the monks inthe temple were shocked and thought that it must be the manifestation ofBodhisattva. They built a stone pagoda at the site where the wild geese fell.They gave up meat and turned to Mahayana Buddhism. Therefore, the pagoda is alsoknown as the big wild goose pagoda.

At the Dayan Pagoda, people will naturally think of Xuanzang, the famousmonk of Tang Dynasty, who was the first abbot of Cien Temple. It is said thatin the third year of Yonghui reign of Tang Dynasty (652 AD), master Xuanzang, afamous monk, built the big wild goose pagoda in the West courtyard of CienTemple with the permission of Emperor Gaozong in order to arrange theScriptures, Buddha statues and relics he brought back from the western regions.Construction started in March of that year, under the supervision of Xuanzanghimself, and was completed in one year.

Dear tourists, you must have seen journey to the west, one of Chinas fourfamous works, and the TV series of the same name adapted from it. Is the Tangmonk in journey to the west the famous monk Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty? MasterXuanzang, with a common surname of Chen, was a monk in Luoyang at the age of 13.He was diligent and eager to learn. After visiting teachers all over thecountry, he decided to explore the essence of Buddhism in India, the birthplaceof Buddhism Its very important. Xuanzang started from Changan in the thirdyear of Zhenguan (A.D. 620__) and traveled along the Silk Road through the Gobidesert without birds and animals. He traveled westward to Tianzhu. Aftercompleting his studies in the 19th year of Zhenguan (A.D. 645), he returned toChangan. It took him 20__ years to travel 50000 kilometers. Through more than100 countries and regions, he retrieved 657 Buddhist scriptures and gained ahigh status in India. After returning to China, with the support of the Tangroyal family, he gathered erudite eminent monks from all over the country toform an unprecedented Buddhist scripture translation site, and acted as thetranslator himself. The quality and quantity of translated Buddhist scripturesare far more than those of their predecessors, which ushered in a new era in thehistory of translation in China. A total of 75 Buddhist scriptures and 1335volumes have been translated, and a record of the western regions of the TangDynasty has been written, which has attracted the attention of scholars all overthe world. It should be said that journey to the west is written in thebackground of xuanleis going out to the west to seek scriptures in the TangDynasty, but the Tang monk in the story does not refer to Xuanzang, but a figurein an artistic literary work.

Dear tourists, when the Dayan Pagoda was built, it was 60 meters high, with5 floors, brick surface, earth core and CD ladder. In the center of the reartower, there are lots of plants and trees growing in the cracks of bricks, whichare gradually decadent. After several renovations during the reign of Empress WuZetian in Changan, Emperor Xuanzong in Tang Dynasty and Emperor Changxing inlater Tang Dynasty, the big wild goose pagoda was 4.5 meters higher than theoriginal one and added two floors. Each side of the ground floor is 25 meterslong, the base is square, the side length is 45 meters to 48 meters, there areticket doors on all sides of each floor, and there are stairs in the tower. Onthe lintel of the bottom floor of the pagoda, there are exquisite line carvedBuddha statues, especially the picture of Sakyamuni Buddha on the lintel of thewest gate. The photo of the abandoned hall at that time is engraved on it. It issaid that it was written by Yan Liben, a great painter of the Tang Dynasty. Itis a precious material for studying the Buddhist culture and architectural artof future generations. The brick niches on the East and west sides of the SouthGate of the pagoda are inlaid with the steles of preface to the three sacredreligions of the Tang Dynasty written by Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of the TangDynasty and preface to the three sacred religions of the Tang Dynasty written byEmperor Gaozong Li Zhi of the Tang Dynasty. The two steles were written by Chusuiliang, a famous calligrapher in the Tang Dynasty. They are the best of thesteles in the Tang Dynasty. They are precious original calligraphic inscriptionsprotected by the state. They are important material for the study of ancientcalligraphy. It can be said that the square brick Pagoda with wooden structureis a masterpiece of Buddhist architecture in China, with its simple shape,majestic momentum, remarkable national characteristics and the style of thetimes.

Tourists, since the completion of the great wild goose pagoda, celebritiesof all ages have left a good sentence to recite through the ages. Du Fu praised"the sky is high, the wind is strong all the time", and Cen Shen praised "thetower is like gushing out, towering in the sky alone; stepping out of the world,pedaling through the void". The poets magnificent description and philosophicalexclamation often resonate when people climb the tower.

在我们的正对面，有三道门，但里面却见到五个房间，这就叫“明三暗五”。现在我们往外走，来到后院，在这里，我们就能看到明三暗五那五个房间了，大家可以数一下，一共五道门，这里是

中国建筑的一个传统的手法，大家在回头看这些石头，都是太湖石，堆积如山，面前有一座桥，是小桥流水，旁边是两个狮子，表示子孙昌盛，千秋万代。

下面的时间留给大家自由活动，大家可以乘坐五大道的观光马车，前往常德道爱梦缘文化艺术博物馆参观楹联和藏头诗，还有河北路的粤唯鲜海鲜酒楼]，是一个能吃的博物馆，在那里

不仅能吃到丰富的海鲜，而且还能欣赏到各个朝代的历史文物，石刻，石像，古代兵器等，请大家保管好自己的财务，注意安全，2个小时后，我们在车上集合。

上海市位于长江和钱塘江入海汇合处。北靠长江，东濒东海，南临杭州湾，西接江苏和浙江两省。是长江三角洲冲积平原的一部分，平均高度为海拔4米左右。全市总面积6340.5平方公里，东西最大距离约100公里，南北最大距离约120公里。其中河道、湖泊面积532平方公里。陆海岸线长约172公里。在上海北面的长江入海处，有崇明、长兴、横沙3个岛屿。崇明岛为中国第三大岛.上海解放后，至1964年5月，上海市辖有黄浦、南市、卢湾、徐汇、长宁、静安、普陀、闸北、虹口、杨浦10个市区，以及上海、嘉定、宝山、川沙、奉贤、南汇、松江、金山、青浦、崇明10个郊县。 从1980年至20xx年底，撤县建区后，上海市辖有浦东新区、徐汇、长宁、普陀、闸北、虹口、杨浦、黄浦、卢湾、静安、宝山、闵行、嘉定、金山、松江、青浦、南汇、奉贤18个区，崇明1个县。

20xx年末，上海户籍人口为1334.23万人。其中：男性672.05万人，女性662.18万人，非农业人口1018.81万人，全市人口密度为每平方公里2104人。在人口分布中，超过百万人口的有浦东新区和杨浦区，分别为172.82万人和107.62万人。全市平均寿命为79.52岁，其中：男性为77.36岁;女性为81.63岁。

上海市地处长江入海口，主要河道有黄浦江及其支流苏州河、蕰藻浜、川杨河、淀浦河、大治河、斜塘、园泄泾和大泖港等。 黄浦江干流全长82.5公里，河宽300～700米。 苏州河全长125公里，上海境内54公里，为黄浦江主要支流。 最大的湖泊为淀山湖，面积约为62平方公里。上海地区年降水量为1100毫米。梅雨量为235.0毫米，上海年平均气温，市区为17.8℃。其它地区为16.3℃(崇明)～17.6℃(宝山)。年极端最高气温市区38.8℃，其它地区为35.7℃～37.6℃;年极端最低气温市区为-2.0℃，其它地区为-4.8℃～-1.9℃。

“申”、“沪”的由来 上海，简称“沪”，别称“申”。大约在六千年前,现在的上海西部即已成陆，东部地区成陆也有两千年之久。相传春秋战国时期，上海曾经是楚国春申君黄歇的封邑，故上海别称为“申”。公元四、五世纪时的晋朝，松江(现名苏州河)和滨海一带的居民多以捕鱼为生，他们创造了一种竹编的捕鱼工具叫“扈”，又因为当时江流入海处称“渎”，因此，松江下游一带被称为“扈渎”，以后又改“扈”为“沪”。

上海建城 公元751年(唐天宝十年)，上海地区属华亭县(现今的松江区)，范围北到今天的虹口一带，南到海边，东到下沙。公元991年(宋淳化二年)因松江上游不断淤浅，海岸线东移，大船出入不便，外来船舶只得停泊在松江的一条支流“上海浦”(其位置在今外滩以东至十六铺附近的黄浦江中)上，公元1267年(南宋咸淳三年)在上海浦西岸设置市镇，定名为上海镇。公元1292年(元至元二十九年)，元朝中央政府把上海镇从华亭县划出，批准上海设立上海县，标志着上海建城之始。

近代上海 16世纪(明代中叶)上海成为全国棉纺织手工业的中心。公元1685年(清康熙二十四年)清政府在上海设立海关。19世纪中叶，上海已成为商贾云集的繁华港口。鸦片战争以后，上海被殖民主义者开辟为“通商”口岸。在此后的一百年里，外国列强纷纷入侵上海，使上海成了帝国主义对中国进行政治、经济、文化侵略的主要据点。1949年5月27日，上海这个具有光荣革命传统的城市获得解放，开始新生。

历史性变革 上海的解放揭开了上海发展新的历史篇章。在中国共产党的领导下，上海人民经过50多年的艰苦奋斗，从根本上改造了在半殖民地、半封建条件下畸形发展起来的旧上海，使上海的经济和社会面貌发生了深刻的变化。特别是1978年以来，上海的改革开放力度不断加大，上海人民以强烈的进取精神，解放思想，与时俱进，大胆实践，走出了一条具有中国特色、体现时代特征、符合上海特大型城市特点的发展新路，使上海经济和社会发展的各个领域发生了历史性的大变革，已成为我国最大的经济中心和国家历史文化名城，并正向建成国际经济、金融、贸易和航运中心之一的目标迈进。

地理位置 上海位于北纬31度14分，东经121度29分，地处太平洋西岸，亚洲大陆东沿，长江三角洲前缘，东濒东海，南临杭州湾，西接江苏、浙江两省，北界长江入海口，长江与东海在此连接。上海正当我国南北弧形海岸线中部，交通便利，腹地广阔，地理位置优越，是一个良好的江海港口。

气候 上海属北亚热带季风性气候，四季分明，日照充分，雨量充沛。上海气候温和湿润，春秋较短，冬夏较长。20xx年，全年平均气温17.8℃，日照1686.5小时，降雨量1427.9毫米。全年60%左右的雨量集中在5至9月的汛期，汛期有春雨、梅雨、秋雨三个雨期。

土地面积 解放初期，上海的土地面积仅为636平方公里。1958年，江苏省的嘉定、宝山、上海、松江、金山、川沙、南汇、奉贤、青浦、崇明10个县划归上海，使上海市的辖区范围扩大到5910平方公里，几乎是解放初期的10倍。20xx年，上海全市面积6340.5平方公里，占全国总面积的0.06%，南北长约120公里，东西宽约100公里。其中区域面积5299.29平方公里，县域面积1041.21平方公里。境内辖有崇明、长兴、横沙三个岛屿，其中崇明岛是我国的第三大岛屿，面积为1041平方公里，是我国的第三大岛。

水文 上海地区河湖众多，水网密布，水资源丰富，是著名的江南水乡，境内水域面积697平方公里，占全市总面积的11%。上海河网大多属黄浦江水系，主要有黄浦江及其支流苏州河、川扬河、淀浦河等。黄浦江源自太湖，全长113公里，流经市区，江道宽度300--770米，平均360米。终年不冻，是上海的水上交通要道。苏州河上海境内段长54公里，河道平均宽度45米。上海的湖泊集中在与江、浙交界的西部洼地，最大湖泊为淀山湖，面积为62平方公里。

地势 上海境内除西南部有少数丘陵山脉外，全为坦荡低平的平原，是长江三角洲冲积平原的一部分，平均海拔高度为4米左右。陆地地势总体呈现由东向西低微倾斜。大金山为上海境内最高点，海拔高度103.4米。

行政区划 解放初期，上海共划分为20个市区和10个郊区。后经多次行政区划调整和撤县建区，至20xx年末，上海共有18个区、1个县，共132个镇，3个乡，99个街道办事处，3393个居民委员会和2037个村民委员会。

人口 上海人口总量规模不断扩大。上海开埠时人口不足10万，至1949年解放时，上海人口仅为520万，至20xx年末，全市户籍人口已增加到1334.23万人，是解放初期的2.6倍，占全国总人口的1%。20xx年，全市人口密度为每平方公里20xx人。

人口自然变动 上海是全国第一个出现人口自然变动负增长的地区，人口自然增长率自1993年开始始终保持负增长。20xx年，全市户籍人口出生率为4.7‰，死亡率为7.3‰，自然增长率为负2.6‰。

上海在全国的地位 正在向现代化国际大都市目标迈进的上海，肩负着面向世界、服务全国的重任，在全国经济建设和社会发展中具有十分重要的地位和作用。在这个人口仅占全国1%、土地面积占全国0.06%的城市里，完成的财政收入占全国的九分之一，口岸进出口商品总额占全国的四分之一，港口货物吞吐量占全国的十分之一，并在改革开放、产业升级、科技创新等方面发挥着示范、辐射和带动作用。

Bonjour à tous les visiteurs et amis. Aujourdhui, nous allons visiterWuzhen, le canton deau de Jiangnan. Wuzhen est lun des six plus grands cantonsdeau de Jiangnan, et aussi le plus beau canton deau de Jiangnan. Liu ruoying aparlé avec affection et a regardé de nombreux films et séries télévisées ici.Cependant, sil y a des amis qui aiment la vie moderne de la métropole avec unrythme rapide, de grands b?timents et du béton arméVous serez dé?u, alorspourquoi?Parce que le rythme de vie de notre ville de Wuzhen est très lent, trèsconfortable et confortable, et il ny a pas de b?timents haut de gamme, certainssont juste un ou deux b?timents en bois avec des murs blancs et des tuilesnoires construits près de leau. Il ny a même pas dascenseur ici. Il ny a pasplus de trois étages de b?timents dans la zone pittoresque. Tout le monde dansla ville de Wuzhen nest quune sorte de sentiment de brume et de pluiebrumeuse, libre et confortable, mais si un ami pense que la vie dans lamétropoleSi la vie est trop fatiguée et trop bruyante, alors Wuzhen est unendroit merveilleux pour se reposer. Vous pouvez obtenir la relaxation delesprit et le confort du corps à Wuzhen. Par conséquent, beaucoup damis prèsde Jiangsu, Zhejiang et Shanghai viendront à Wuzhen le week - end pour sepromener et regarder, manger des p?tisseries, déguster du bon vin et du bon thé,et rester une nuit ou deux. Il ny a rien à faire pour sasseoir sur le bateauagité de Wuzhen, sentir les gens anciens, et faire des progrès chaque jourLa vieau coucher du soleil et au repos, pas de vie nocturne, loin du Centre - Ville,est vraiment très confortable.

La ville de Wuzhen est divisée en porte est et porte ouest, nous visitonsla porte est, pourquoi ne pas aller à la porte ouest, parce que lhistoire de laville de Wuzhen, lhumanité, les sentiments sont dans la porte est, la porteouest nest que ces dernières années le développement de lendroit pittoresque,se concentrer sur lhébergement et le paysage nocturne, mais les amis intéresséspeuvent également aller à la porte ouest pour rester une nuit ou deux, voir labelle vue nocturne de la rivière.De retour à la porte est, la zone pittoresquede la porte est nest pas grande en fait, juste deux rues, la rue est et la rueouest, le milieu est séparé par une rivière de la ville est, la rue ouest lelong de la route il y a quelques petits magasins, il y a des acheteurs dep?tisseries, de lartisanat, et ainsi de suite, les amis intéressés serontlibres daller voir.Les principales attractions touristiques que nous visiteronscette fois sont toutes dans la rue est, qui est de 1300 mètres de long. Lesprincipales attractions touristiques sont la salle des cent lits, la sculpturesur bois, lancienne résidence Maodun, la salle des pièces de monnaie, latelierde vin, latelier de teinture et ainsi de suite. Je ne vous présenterai pas lesdétails. Je vous expliquerai plus en détail une fois arrivé à la zonepittoresque.

Il est donc important de sortir et de manger et de boire. En parlant detout cela, nous devons mentionner les g?teaux de tante et de belle - s?ur deWuzhen. Les g?teaux de tante et de belle - s?ur sont des g?teaux traditionnelscélèbres de Wuzhen. Ils sont gras mais pas gras, croustillants mais pasdispersés. Ils sont parfumés et glutineux, sucrés et salés. Une fois que nousentendrons ce nom, nous penserons que les g?teaux doivent être faits par lesdeux personnes. En fait, ce nest pas le cas. Au lieu de cela, les g?teaux detante et de belle - s?ur sont le résultat de la lutte entre les deux personnes.Il y a aussiUne allusion, ne vous pressez pas, je vais vous donner le cheminlentement.Pendant la dynastie Ming, il y avait une famille nommée Zhang dans laville de Wuzhen. Les g?teaux de s ?ur et de tante de cette famille étaientparticulièrement délicieux et célèbres de loin et de près. Cependant, il y avaitune règle non écrite dans la famille, cest - à - dire que la recette secrèteancestrale Pour faire des g?teaux de tante et de s?ur nétait transmise quà labelle - fille et non à la fille.Dans lantiquité, il ny avait pas un dicton queles filles mariées déversaient de leau, croyant que les filles mariées étaientdautres belle - s?ur de cette famille est mariée à la famille Zhangdepuis plus dun an. Chaque fois que la petite tante voit sa mère apprendre à sabelle - s?ur à faire des g?teaux, elle est particulièrement envieuse et jalouse.Elle pense quelle a vécu dans cette famille pendant plus de dix ans, et sabelle - s?ur est restée dans cette famille pendant plus dun an. La mère nesenseigne pas à elle - même, mais à sa belle - s?ur, ce qui est injuste.

Puis un jour, quand sa belle - soeur faisait ses g?teaux, il pleuvait, etla petite tante lui a dit quil pleuvait. Allez chercher vos vêtements, et labelle - soeur est allée chercher vos vêtements. Pendant ce temps, elle a attrapéune barre de sel et la jetée dans la casserole pour faire des g?teaux.Quandlinvité est venu ce jour - là, il a mangé les g?teaux de s ?ur a?née faits pars a belle - S ?ur. Ils étaient délicieux. Il a dit quils avaient un go?tdifférent de celui davant. S a belle - s?ur a trouvé étrange quelle les aitfaits selon la recette secrète ancestrale. Comment cela pourrait - il êtredifférent? Alors elle a go?té et a découvert que le go?t était vraimentdifférent de celui davant. Par conséquent, elle na pas pu le comprendre. Ellea dit à sa petite tante ce doute. La petite tante a dit, tant que vousDis - moila recette secrète pour faire des g?teaux, et je te dirai le secret de la raisonpour laquelle les g?teaux daujourdhui sont si délicieux. Belle - soeur ne peutpas résister à la petite tante, alors dis la recette secrète à la petite tante15 - 10, et la deuxième petite tante est très honnête de dire à la belle - soeurcomment elle est mauvaise, et comment elle est bénie par le mal.Depuis lors,parce que les g?teaux de tante et de belle - s?ur sont faits par les deux, ilsont été nommés g?teaux de tante et de belle - s?ur. De nombreux petits magasinset magasins dans la zone pittoresque vendent des g?teaux de tante et de belle -s?ur. Les amis préférés peuvent les go?ter. Cest aussi Un bon cadeau dacheterdes g?teaux de tante et de belle - s?ur et de les ramener à leurs parents etamis.En outre, Wuzhen a également beaucoup dautres délicieux petits g?teaux,tels que le g?teau aux graines de ma?s, le g?teau Dingsheng, le g?teau auxharicots Mung, le sucre à la barbe de dragon et ainsi de suite.Il vaut la peinede mentionner quils sont faits à la main naturellement.

Après avoir discuté et mangé, nous avons parlé et bu. Le vincaractéristique de Wuzhen est appelé Sanbai Jiu, Sanbai. Comme son nomlindique, il est fait de riz blanc, de farine blanche et deau blanche. Leaude farine de riz est faite de matériaux authentiques dans la ville de Wuzhen. Ily a un autre surnom dans les gens de Wuzhen, qui est appelé "dudai Jiu". Il y aune ballade folklorique, "chat merde, Taro, dudai Jiu, les invités ne veulentpas partir après avoir mangé." le vin est doux et pur, doux et délicieux,hommeLes femmes, les jeunes et les vieux buvaient, des centaines dannées depopularité dans la région de Wuzhen, une longue période.Il y a un endroitpittoresque dans notre rue est appelé Gao Gongsheng laifang, qui est spécialisédans la fabrication de trois liqueurs. Dites à tout le monde que les troisliqueurs peuvent être go?tées gratuitement Oh, mais les gens ne veulent pas deverre, ne vous asseyez pas sur le tabouret, un peu de vin fenouil entier esttrop confortable, oubliez de visiter lheure, un siège est un après - midi, nousavons un groupe bruyant pour vous.Je veux dire, si tout le monde aime, peutaussi bien acheter, rentrer à la maison avec la famille et les amis comment bienboire, heureux, trois spiritueux ne sont pas chers, une bouteille est aussi20,30 yuans, très abordable.

Après avoir fini de manger et de boire, il est nécessaire de dire quil estutilisé. Wuzhen a également son propre tissu dimpression bleu spécial,également appelé tissu de fleur de chaux, tissu bleu de fleur de fleur de fleurde fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleurDe Fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleurde fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleurde fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur de fleurde fleur de fleur de fleur de fleur deEn marchant dans la rue Wuzhen, vouspouvez voir que certaines maisons sont construites par des gens.Latelier deteinture hongyuantai que nous avons visité est un lieu dexposition de tissubleu imprimé. Il y a des travailleurs et des ma?tres spéciaux qui montrent leprocessus de fabrication de tissu bleu imprimé sur place. Il y a aussi beaucoupde petits magasins ouverts par les gens locaux dans le lieu pittoresque quiachètent toutes sortes de tissu bleu imprimé quils font eux - mêmes. Il y aaussi une grande variété de types, y compris le foulard, le foulard, le ch?le,les vêtements, le cheongsam et ainsi de suite. Il est très beau et unique.

OK, maintenant notre voiture est presque à Wuzhen. Il y a encore des chosesque je dois vous dire. Il y a des autochtones vivant à Wuzhen, et il y abeaucoup de ruelles. Certains endroits sont utilisés par les résidents locauxpour entrer et sortir. Un morceau de papier blanc "Stop touriste" sera collé surLe mur. Alors, nos amis ne doivent pas être trop curieux. Laissez - moi arrêter.Je vais aller voir ce qui se passe.Non, je vais vous expliquer un moment plustard. Le reste du temps est le temps libre pour tout le monde. Rappelez - vousque les billets doivent être bien conservés, parce que chaque attractiontouristique de Wuzhen doit vérifier les billets. Il nest pas facile de leslaisser tomber.Il y a beaucoup deau sur les ponts de Wuzhen, et les routes sonttoutes des routes en ardoise. Rappelez - vous ici que vous ne pouvez pas voir lepont et ne pouvez pas voir le pont. Faites attention à la sécurité et gardez vosobjets de valeur.Dautres notes spécifiques, je vais vous le dire lentementpendant la visite.Maintenant, tout le monde descend avec moi pour visiter.

Hello, everyone! Welcome to Shanghai. Im a tour guide of Shanghai travelagency. You can call me Xiao X or director X. Now, we are in the Bund area.Next, Id like to give you an overview of the Bund tourist area.

The Bund tourist area is located at the junction of Huangpu River andSuzhou River in the mother river of Shanghai. It looks across the river from thePearl River scenic spot in Pudong. It is located on the 1300 sides of theZhongshan East Road.

The main tourist attractions in the Bund are known as the highest customsbuilding in the "World Architecture Expo". The largest building in the Bund isthe HSBC building with the largest width, the largest and the largest volume.The Bank of China Building and the outer white bridge are full of Chineseelements, the mother river, the Yellow River Pujiang, the Whampoa Park inShanghai, and the four square completed on the eve of World Expo. (thesurrounding attractions include Broadway building and Bund source which isundergoing comprehensive renovation. )

The Bund, formerly known as "Huangpu Beach", was a beach along the river inthe northeast of Chengxiang, Shanghai. After the opening of Shanghai port in1843, the first British Consul in Shanghai, Balfour, took a fancy to this place.In 1845, according to the so-called "Shanghai land charter" published byShanghai Daotai, 800 mu of land including the Bund was designated as the Britishconcession, and the roads along the river were called "Huangpu Road and HuangpuBeach Road". Around the beginning of last century, there were domestic andforeign banks moving in, and gradually developed into "Oriental Wall Street". Itwas not until 1945 that it was renamed zhongshangdong 1st road.

After liberation, especially in the 1990s and 1920s___ On the eve of theWorld Expo 20__, the Bund experienced two large-scale renovation. It is worthmentioning that: after the transformation on the eve of the World Expo, the Bundtourist area has comprehensively improved the environmental quality of the Bundwaterfront area, highlighted the historical and cultural features of "universalarchitecture", and fully interpreted the theme of "Better City, better life",making the Bund the most iconic and classic urban landscape area inShanghai.

20___ In, the Bund tourist area was named "Bund morning bell" as one of the"Eight Sights on new Shanghai".

In a word, we can say that the Bund tourist area is a classic scenic spotin Shanghai urban tourism, which integrates human landscape and naturallandscape, complements western classical customs and Chinese modern customs. Itis a must for domestic and foreign tourists to visit Shanghai.

Good, ladies and gentlemen. Due to the time limit, the general situation ofthe Bund tourist area is here for the time being. Next, lets visit the scenicspots.

My hometown is in Dali, where in addition to all kinds of delicious food, Iam proud of Erhai Lake, a famous plateau lake.

In the early morning, there is a light dawn in the East. The green CangshanMountain and the dazzling sunrise are all reflected in the lake, forming abeautiful picture. At this time, a gust of wind swept, the lake suddenly set offa layer of waves, ships on the sea with a burst of sea breeze dance happily. Themorning passed unconsciously in such peace

At noon, the sun was shining in the sky. The sun was shining on the surfaceof the lake, which was very dazzling. In order to avoid the summer, severalpeople jumped into Erhai and swam happily. Several children were splashing inthe water, splashing layers of laughter. In the distance, under the verdantCangshan Mountain, people gathered for summer vacation. The boys on the side ofthe road are eating happily with a bunch of snot and a popsicle. Its anotherhot afternoon.

In the evening, when the bright moon is in the sky, I often see peoplewalking by the Erhai sea. I sit quietly by the Erhai sea and bathe in themoonlight, thinking: how mysterious Erhai Lake is.

With the picturesque Erhai Lake and the magnificent Cangshan Mountain, Daliis really a satisfying tourist attraction!!!!

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文

东方明珠广播电视塔(The Oriental Pearl Radio & TV Tower)是上海的标志性文化景观之一，位于浦东新区陆家嘴，塔高约468米。该建筑于1991年7月兴建，1995年5月投入使用，承担上海6套无线电视发射业务，地区覆盖半径80公里。 东方明珠广播电视塔是国家首批AAAAA级旅游景区。塔内有太空舱、旋转餐厅、上海城市历史发展陈列馆等景观和设施，1995年被列入上海十大新景观之一。下面是小编收集整理的5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文，欢迎借鉴参考。

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文(一)

各位游客!

大家好，，今天由我带领大家参观东方明珠游览区。希望大家有一个愉快的行程。未到达前我先把东方明珠游览区的概况给大家介绍一下!

在改革开放以前呢，上海人有句话，“宁要浦西一张床，不要浦东一间房”，说明那时候埔东地区的环境及其不好。

1990年4月18号，党中央、国务院宣布开发浦东。同年5月。上海市人民政府成立上海浦东新区开发领导小组和市政府开发办公室。1993年9月建立了上海市浦东工作委员会和管理委员会!短短的几十年内这里发生了惊天辟地的变化，尤其在在陆家嘴一带建立了一个国家级的金融贸易区——叫陆家嘴金融贸易区，我们东方明珠游览区也就在这个区域内。面积达28平方千米的范围内。那么为什么叫陆家嘴呢，我们上海人喜欢把黄浦江弯进去的地方叫做“弯”，把突出来的地方叫“嘴”，加上过去这里最早只住着几户姓陆的人家，所以人们后来称之为“陆家嘴”。

景区上倚杨浦大桥，下靠南浦大桥，有着“双龙戏珠”的美誉。这里的主要景点有：东方明珠广播电视塔、88层的金茂大厦、国际会议中心、上海海洋水族馆、昆虫馆、中心绿地、宾江大道等;它的周边景点有：上海科技馆、世纪大道、世纪公园等。

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文(二)

东方明珠广播电视塔坐落于黄浦江畔浦东陆家嘴嘴尖上，与外滩的万国建筑博览群隔江相望。塔高468米，位居亚洲第一、世界第三的高塔和左右两侧的南浦大桥、杨浦大桥一起，形成双龙戏珠之势，成为上海改革开放的象征。

东方明珠广播电视塔的设计者富于幻想地将十一个大小不一、高低错落的球体从蔚蓝的空中串联到如茵的绿色草地上，两个巨大球体宛如两颗红宝石，晶莹夺目，与塔下新落成的世界一流的上海国际会议中心(1999财富论坛上海年会主会场)的两个地球球体，构成了充满“大珠小珠落玉盘”诗情画意的壮美景观。

东方明珠广播电视塔由三根直径为9米的擎天立柱、太空舱、上球体、下球体、五个小球、塔座和广场组成。可载50人的双层电梯和每秒7米的高速电梯为目前国内所仅有。立体照明系统绚丽多彩、美不胜收。光彩夺目的上球体观光层直径45米，高263米，是鸟瞰大上海的最佳场所。当风和日丽时，举目远望，佘山、崇明岛都隐约可见，令人心旷神怡。上球体另有设在267米的旋转餐厅(每小时转一圈)、DISCO舞厅、钢琴酒吧和设在271米的20间KTV包房向游客开放。

高耸入云的太空舱建在350米处，内有观光层、会议厅和咖啡座，典雅豪华、得天独厚。空中旅馆设在五个小球中，有20套客房，环境舒适、别有情趣。东方明珠万邦百货有限公司商场面积18000平方米，经营服装、工艺美术品、金银饰品、皮具、食品等，使游客在观光之余可享受到购物与美食的乐趣。

东方明珠科幻城位于塔底，有森林之旅、南极之旅、魔幻之旅、藏宝洞、迪尼剧场、欢乐广场、激光影院、动感影院、探险列车等项目，精彩刺激、老少咸宜。还有独一无二的“太空热气球”将您送上天空，尽览上海大都市美景，使您永生难忘。

东方明珠塔内的上海历史博物馆，是专门介绍上海近百年来发展史的史志性博物馆。通过珍贵的文物、文献、档案、图片，以先进的影视和音响设备，形象生动地反映近代上海城市发展的历史。馆内陈列分国中之国的租界、旧上海市政建设和街景、近代城市经济、近代文化、都市生活、政治风云等六大部分，全面地展示了上海在政治、经济、文化、社会、生活等各方面的深刻变化。是一个形象生动的人文景点。

东方明珠塔下的国际游船码头，有“浦江游览”旅游项目，登上邓小平同志当年南巡视察上海时乘座的游船，饱览浦江两岸美景，您将领略到“火树银花不夜城”的意境。国际游船码头里的“海鸥坊”，供应自助餐，您只需花费48元，就能无限畅饮美味和美景。

东方明珠广播电视塔集观光、会议、博览、餐饮、购物、娱乐、住宿、广播电视发射为一体，已成为21世纪上海城市的标志性建筑。目前，“东方明珠”年观光人数和旅游收入在世界各高塔中仅次于法国的艾菲尔铁塔而位居第二，从而挤身世界著名旅游景点行列。

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文(三)

东方明珠全高468米是现今亚洲第二、世界第四之高塔。仅次于广州新电视塔、加拿大多伦多电视塔和俄罗斯莫斯科奥斯坦金诺广播电视塔。东方明珠电视塔曾是上海最高的建筑物，现在已被环球金融中心取代，但是东方明珠塔依然卓然秀立于陆家嘴地区现代化建筑楼群 东方明珠电视塔位于浦东新区内，与外滩的“万国建筑博览群”隔江相望，与纽约的自由女神、悉尼歌剧院、巴黎的埃菲尔铁塔一样，成为了上海的标志性建筑，与左侧的南浦大桥和右边的杨浦大桥一起，形成双龙戏珠之势。东方明珠塔卓然秀立于陆家嘴地区现代化建筑楼群，与隔江的外滩万国建筑博览群，与后方新耸立而起的金茂大厦和环球金融中心交相辉映，展现了国际大都市的壮观景色。东方明珠塔集观光餐饮、购物娱乐、浦江游览、会务会展、历史陈列、旅行代理等服务功能于一身，成为上海标志性建筑和旅游热点之一。目前，“东方明珠”年观光人数和旅游收入在世界各高塔中仅次于法国的艾菲尔铁塔而位居第二，从而挤身世界著名旅游景点行列。

东方明珠的建筑也是相当宏伟，塔凭借其穿梭于三根直径9米的擎天立柱之中的高速电梯，以及悬空于立柱之间的世界首部360度全透明三轨观光电梯，让每一位游客充分领略现代技术带来的无限风光。设计者富于幻想地将11个大小不一、高低错落的球体从蔚蓝的天空中串联至如茵的绿色草地上，而两颗红宝石般晶莹夺目的巨大球体被高高托起浑然一体，创造了“大珠小珠落玉盘”的意境。1994年2月，题写了“东方明珠广播电视塔”的塔名。

享誉中外的东方明珠空中旋转餐厅位于东方明珠塔267米上球体，以其得天独厚的景观优势、不同凡响的饮食文化、宾至如归的温馨服务，傲立于上海之巅，作为亚洲最高的旋转餐厅，其营业面积达到 1500平方米，可容纳350位来宾用餐。餐厅同时提供多款豪华套餐和中西结合自助餐，百余种美味佳肴不间断供应，让游客美食与美景共享。

东方明珠塔各观光层柜台里1000多款造型独特、制作精美的各式旅游纪念品琳琅满目，令人目不暇接、留连忘返。东方明珠塔每年接待来自于五洲四海中外宾客 280 多万人次，是集观光、餐饮、购物、娱乐、游船、会展、历史陈列、广播电视发射等多功能于一体的综合性旅游文化景点。东方明珠塔业已成为上海的标志性建筑，荣列上海十大新景观之一。作为全国旅游热点之一，东方明珠塔又以其优质服务，在 20xx 年初被 国家旅游局评为全国首批 AAAA 级旅游景点。

东方明珠电视塔共有3个360度的主要观光层，游客尽可在不同高度欣赏都市美景。位于350米处是太空舱，267米处是亚洲最高的旋转餐厅，263米处是主观光层，259米、90米处是室外观光层，90米处的下球体内有太空游乐城，位于零米大厅是上海城市历史发展陈列馆，其中序馆为“车马春秋”、第一馆为“城厢风貌”、第二馆为“开埠掠影”、第三馆为“十里洋城”、第四馆为“海上旧影”、第五馆为“建筑博览”。“中华号”游船是东方明珠最新的、豪华的观光游船。

东方明珠电视塔拥有在整个上海欣赏夜景最好的视野，站在上海东方明珠塔上俯瞰上海全城，只感觉整个城市成了建筑师们的积木垒积竞技场。建筑师们的智慧无疑是令人惊叹的。城市延伸着人类的高度，也把人类聚积在一起。这片钢筋水泥生就的森林在蔽护人类的同时也在破坏着人类生存的环境。

风和日丽时，在上海东方明珠塔上举目远望，外滩的万国建筑博览群，南浦大桥，杨浦大桥全部尽收眼底。 是饱览上海全貌的最佳地。但是一定要在大晴天去哦，阴雨天去的话看出去外面全部是雾蒙蒙的，会感觉白白浪费那么多钱。而且上海东方明珠塔上各种陈列也很具有历史和时代意义!在旋转餐厅里用自助餐虽然感觉有点贵，但却非常值得!美食美景当前，值得留念终生!

上海东方明珠广播电视塔由三根直径为9米的擎天立柱、太空舱、上球体、下球体、五个小球、塔座和广场组成。可载50人的双层电梯和每秒7米的高速电梯为目前国内所仅有。立体照明系统绚丽多彩、美不胜收。光彩夺目的上球体观光层直径45米，高263米，是鸟瞰大上海的最佳场所。当风和日丽时，举目远望，佘山、崇明岛都隐约可见，令人心旷神怡。上球体另有设在267米的旋转餐厅(每小时转一圈)、DISCO舞厅、钢琴酒吧和设在271米的20间KTV包房向游客开放。

高耸入云的太空舱建在350米处，内有观光层、会议厅和咖啡座，典雅豪华、得天独厚。空中旅馆设在五个小球中，有20套客房，环境舒适、别有情趣。上海东方明珠万邦百货有限公司商场面积18000平方米，经营服装、工艺美术品、金银饰品、皮具、食品等，使游客在观光之余可享受到购物与美食的乐趣。

东方明珠内部景点介绍：

旋转餐厅 -- 誉名中外的东方明珠空中旋转餐厅，坐落于上海东方明珠广播电视塔267米上球体，是亚洲最高的旋转餐厅。其营业面积为1500平方米，可同时容纳350位来宾用餐。她以得天独厚的景观优势、不同凡响的饮食文化、宾至如归的温馨服务，傲立于上海之巅。旋转餐厅更值得骄傲的是她的贵宾包房，布置着豪华富贵的大圆桌、高背靠椅和休闲沙发，能同时招待20位贵宾，金碧辉煌的背景灯光打在冰花玻璃上，更造就了人间仙境般的效果。宽敞明亮的落地球体玻璃窗外，浦江美景一览无余，自267米高空俯视而下，真有“会当临绝顶，一览众山小”的豪迈感觉。每2小时旋转一圈的设计，让您全方位360度尽收申城的林立高楼、纵横大道、卧波长桥、争流百响。而夜晚灯火辉煌的申城更是流光溢彩、美不胜收，点点繁星、闪闪霓虹衬出勾勒出无与伦比的浦江夜色。友善温馨的服务是空中旋转餐厅鲜明的特色。各位迎宾小姐、往来穿梭的服务生均以典雅的服饰、规范的服务构筑了东方明珠的绰约风采。

电视塔入口 -- 位于4.2米检票大厅的豪华电梯将以7米/秒的高速把您在40秒内平稳地送至263米观光层，这种绝无仅有、风驰电掣的感觉将是您到东方明珠的难得体验。沿着明亮华贵的弧形梯道拾级而上，登上267米平台，迎面的便是亮丽的迎宾厅，乳白色的墙面连同光可鉴人的黑色大理石反射柔和的灯光，把您环绕在一片尊贵的气氛中。上海东方明珠广播电视塔坐落于上海浦东新区陆家嘴嘴尖上，以其468米的绝对高度成为亚洲第一、世界第三之高塔。东方明珠塔背拥陆家嘴地区崭新的现代化建筑楼群，与隔江的外滩万国建筑博览群交相辉映，展现了国际大都市的壮观景色。

东方明珠游船码头 -- 位于黄浦江畔，占地面积2200余平方米，乘坐东方明珠浦江游览船沿江畅游，即可尽情领略百业兴旺、百舸争流的都市情怀。东方明珠游船码头外形犹如一只凌波汲水、展翅欲飞的海鸥，清新自然、富有时代气息。乘坐东方明珠浦江观光游览船沿浦江航行，可以让游客饱览两岸现代化都市风景线。

夜色中的明珠 -- 入夜后，遥望东方明珠塔，则是华灯齐放、色彩缤纷;而在塔上俯瞰都市夜景，更是一派流光溢彩、灯火辉煌。东方明珠塔每年接待来自于五洲四海中外宾客280多万人次，是集观光、餐饮、购物、娱乐、游船、会展、历史陈列、广播电视发射等多功能于一体的综合性旅游文化景点。东方明珠塔业已成为上海的标志性建筑，荣列上海十大新景观之一。

上海城市历史发展陈列馆 -- 上海城市历史发展陈列馆位于东方明珠塔零米大厅内，展示面积超过六千平方米，已于5 月12日正式对外开放，是集历史、文化、鉴赏、旅游、娱乐于一体、具有创新理念的历史陈列。徜徉历史长河、追寻海上旧梦、品味文化上海——陈列馆充分注重观赏性与参与性，采用“融物于景”的场景化展示手法，凭借其高科技的技术手段，将文物、道具、模型、音视频多媒体、声光电等表现手法融于一体：静态展示主要以蜡像人物和文物道具为主，而动态的展示以实景和影视相结合，十分逼真。让人既感受到历史文化的底蕴，又领略了现代化高科技的魅力。

上海国际新闻中心 -- 上海国际新闻中心坐落于巍然屹立的东方明珠塔下，是集新闻发布、观光、会展、餐饮等功能于一体的综合性新闻中心。 1100 平方米的新闻发布厅配置有最先进的同传、背投、音响与灯光等会务设施，可容纳 800 人规模的新闻发布会或国际会议。

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文(四)

各位游客朋友，大家下午好，现在我们去的地方是东方明珠景区。

东方明珠景区位于浦东新区的陆家嘴地区，东起浦东南路，南沿东昌路，隔黄浦江与外滩建筑相望。主要景点有：东方明珠广播电视塔、金茂大厦、上海环球金融中心、上海国际会议中心、上海证券大厦、上海海洋水族馆、上海大自然野生昆虫馆、陆家嘴中心绿地、滨江大道，它周边的景点也丰富多彩，有上海科技馆、世纪公园、东方艺术中心、东方体育中心、世纪大道、原上海世博园区等。

1990年4月18日，开发开放浦东，二十多年来，浦东这块大地上发生了史无前例的变化，以日新月异的面貌展现在世界面前。《财富》杂志评出的世界500家最大公司中大约有200多家已在新区内落户，并建立起了陆家嘴金融贸易区、张江高科技园区、外高桥保税区、金桥出口加工区和孙桥现代农业开发区为代表的五大功能区。

上海人喜欢把黄浦江弯进去的地块叫“湾”，突出来的地块叫“嘴”，从高处看陆家嘴地区更像鹅鼻嘴，加上过去这一带最有姓陆的人家居住，人们后来称之为陆家嘴。

陆家嘴金融贸易区是我国改革开放以来唯一一个以金融贸易命名的开发区，东方明珠游览区就坐落区中，在陆家嘴的核心地带。

景区内屹立着200多栋高楼，有人称誉它为浦东新的万国建筑博览。摩天览胜成为“新沪上八景”之一。

1. 高耸云天的金茂大厦，地标

2. 环球金融中心，更以其中国大陆第一高楼的雄姿成为上海新地标。

3. 东方明珠电视塔，地标。

与浦西外滩地区共同形成上海的中央商务区，称为上海“一个龙头，四个中心”的核心地区，被誉为浦东的CBD。

由3根直径9米的擎天立柱，塔身、下球体、5个小球、上球体和太空舱组成。

将11个球形大小不一、与周边的国际会议中心和两个硕大的球体，构成了唐代诗人白居易写的诗句“大珠小珠落玉盘”的意境。

在中国传统文化中，圆球体的“明珠”既表示吉祥如意，同时也有一种避邪作用。

0米大厅中央有1部360°全透明三轨观光电梯。

在下球体的离地面30米高度处有室外观光走廊，可环视周围景观。

上球体离地面250米，其中3层为观光层，主观光层位于263米处，观光平台课容纳1600人，在267米高度处有旋转餐厅，离地面259米处有透明悬空观光廊。

太空舱，这里是电视发射天线段，设有上海国际友好城市礼品展，从中可以了解各国的文化。墙上还有外国贵宾的留言复印件。在259米还设有空中邮局。

它的照明系统，可根据天气的变化自动调节，产生一千多种的灯光变化。与南浦大桥、杨浦大桥组成了一幅双龙戏珠的壮丽景色。

上海城市历史发展陈列馆

在东方明珠广播电视塔内的，以建筑的形态和场景的方式反映了上海的历史变迁过程。

整个展览馆面积约10000平方米，是集文化、历史、鉴赏、旅游、娱乐于一体。

序馆，车马春秋，从不同年代的交通工具记录了上海交通发展

演变的历史。黄包车、有轨电车，上海牌轿车。

第一馆：城厢风貌。清明时代老城厢的商业景象和民俗风情。豆腐铺、打铁铺、中药店、香烛店。

第二馆：开埠掠影。因开埠带来的文化变迁，反应了五方杂处的不同阶层的市民的生活。

1850年外滩模型，租界与华界的栅栏、当铺、石库门、霞飞路、徐家汇天文台、20世纪初的南京路等。

第三馆：十里洋场。展现近代上海崛起，成为远东重要的城市，也反应了近代上海发展既繁荣又畸形的一面。

第四馆：海上旧踪。 第五馆：建筑博览。上海近代优秀建筑模型组成。

镇馆三宝：

第一宝是静安寺前涌泉的井栏和井石。

第二宝是汇丰银行铜狮。

第三宝是百子大礼轿。清末民初上海一家轿行老板为儿子结婚专门定做的，请了十几名东阳雕工，花了20xx年时间精心制作。

上海海洋水族馆 陆家嘴环路1388号，有中国保利集团和新加坡星雅投资有限公司共同投资兴建，总投资5500万美元。

是目前亚洲地区最大的海洋水族馆之一，也是世界上最大的人造海洋水族馆之一，也是上海最大的旅游文化合资项目。

“科普教育基地”“第七届国际水族馆大会”，由两幢硕大的不对称三角形建筑组成，远看好像大小金字塔形状，主楼共分5层，地上3层，地下2层。展区面积达120xx平方米。

海洋水族馆采用高科技手段，汇集了世界上五大洲四大洋的450多个品种、总数达18000多条各种珍稀鱼类。开辟了9大展示区，32个大型主题生物展示缸。

水族馆内设有目前世界上唯一的中国展区，展出中华鲟、扬子鳄、娃娃鱼等名贵珍稀水中生物。

日本巨型蜘蛛蟹、南极展区企鹅，澳大利亚展区尖吻鲈。

有4条十分壮观的海底观光隧道，总长度155米，是世界上最长的海底观光隧道之一也是水族馆的精华所在。

5篇有关上海东方明珠的导游词范文(五)

各位游客!

大家好，，今天由我带领大家参观东方明珠游览区。希望大家有一个愉快的行程。未到达前我先把东方明珠游览区的概况给大家介绍一下!

在改革开放以前呢，上海人有句话，“宁要浦西一张床，不要浦东一间房”，说明那时候埔东地区的环境及其不好。

1990年4月18号，党中央、国务院宣布开发浦东。同年5月。上海市人民政府成立上海浦东新区开发领导小组和市政府开发办公室。1993年9月建立了上海市浦东工作委员会和管理委员会!短短的几十年内这里发生了惊天辟地的变化，尤其在在陆家嘴一带建立了一个国家级的金融贸易区——叫陆家嘴金融贸易区，我们东方明珠游览区也就在这个区域内。面积达28平方千米的范围内。那么为什么叫陆家嘴呢，我们上海人喜欢把黄浦江弯进去的地方叫做“弯”，把突出来的地方叫“嘴”，加上过去这里最早只住着几户姓陆的人家，所以人们后来称之为“陆家嘴”。

景区上倚杨浦大桥，下靠南浦大桥，有着“双龙戏珠”的美誉。这里的主要景点有：东方明珠广播电视塔、88层的金茂大厦、国际会议中心、上海海洋水族馆、昆虫馆、中心绿地、宾江大道等;它的周边景点有：上海科技馆、世纪大道、世纪公园等。

上海东方明珠

优越的地理环境和现代化的交通网络给景区带来了无限的生机与活力。浦东自开发开放以来，众多的跨国公司地区总部、投资公司、中外金融机构等纷纷入住这一黄金地带，其中在世界500强里的大公司就有180多个公司在这里落户，

今天的的东方明珠游览区可以说是一个集政治、文化、金融、商业、餐饮、休闲观光于一体的新的游览区，身受中外游客的欢迎!

好，景区概况我就简单的介绍到这里，等车到达以后，请给位游客细细体会浦东的成就!!

Welcome to Fenghuangshan scenic area! Im your guide. My name is X. you cancall me Xiao X. In order to make it convenient for you to visit, let me firstintroduce Fenghuangshan scenic area.

Fenghuang mountain is located 60 kilometers northwest of Dandong City. Inancient times, it was "the first famous mountain in Eastern Liaoning". Duringthe reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1821-1860), Fenghuangmountain, together with Yiwulu Mountain, Qianshan Mountain and Yaoshan mountain,was known as the four famous mountains in Fengtian province (now LiaoningProvince). Now it is known as "the famous mountain of the country" and "thefirst famous mountain of the Great Wall", with an area of 216.875 squarekilometers. Now the road we take is Shendan Road, that is, the road from Dandongto Shenyang. Shendan highway is about 280 kilometers long, and Fenghuangmountain is just next to Shendan highway. It is 60 kilometers from Dandong toFenghuang mountain, and 220 kilometers from Fenghuang mountain to Shenyang.

It takes about an hour to get to Fenghuang mountain from the entrance ofShendan highway. Id like to use this time to tell you something about Fenghuangmountain. We say that Fenghuang mountain is "the first famous mountain of theGreat Wall". To connect Fenghuang mountain with the Great Wall is not to boastFenghuang Mountain in the name of the Great Wall. Fenghuang mountain is indeedthe first beautiful mountain at the starting point of the east end of the GreatWall. Experts on the Great Wall have already proved that the starting point ofthe east end of the Great Wall is not Shanhaiguan, but Hushan in Dandong. Thenyou may ask, since the starting point of the Great Wall is Hushan, Hushan shouldbe "the first mountain of the Great Wall". And Hushan focuses on the Great Wall.I think you will agree with me.

Fenghuang mountain once had several names in history. As early as in thenorthern and Southern Dynasties, there was a "Wugu city" built here, and themountain was called "Wugu mountain". In the late Sui and early Tang Dynasties,when the "Bear Mountain City" was built, the mountain was changed to "BearMountain". Now we call Fenghuang mountain not because it looks like a Phoenix,but according to a legend: it is said that during the reign of emperor Zhenguanof Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong Li Shimin of Tang Dynasty came to visit. ThePhoenix on the mountain danced, stood on the "ancestor worship stone" and noddedto Taizong of Tang Dynasty. Taizong of Tang Dynasty was very happy andimmediately gave this mountain the name of "Fenghuang Mountain". We all knowthat the emperor is a "golden mouthed jade tooth". Since then, more than 1300years have passed. It has been called Fenghuang mountain. The hole whereFenghuang flies out is called Fenghuang cave.

Fenghuang mountain is located in the remaining vein of Changbai Mountain,covering an area of more than 120 square kilometers. The highest peak is Zanyunpeak, with an altitude of 836.4. Fenghuang mountain is divided into Xishan,Dongshan, Miaogou, Gucheng, Yulong lake and other scenic spots. It is often saidthat Fenghuang Mountain has the characteristics of Taishan, Huashan, Huangshanand Emei. Among them, "laoniubei", "tiantianjue", "arrow eye" and other wondersare rare in the world; "Phoenix cave", "three churches", "Yipin cave" and otherancient caves are deep; "shanyunpuhai", "Tianchi in sight" and other tenlandscapes are changeable; "crane shadow on the stone wall", "Shenniang Wangfu"and other strange rocks are lifelike; "La tussah LIANLI", "Shenniang tussah" andother ancient trees are swaying; "Danquan", "Fengdong" and other springs areinexhaustible in the four seasons; "Magnolia", "Yuling", "azalea" and otherprecious flowers are fragrant in the four seasons; "Ziyang Temple", "DoumuTemple", "Guanyin Pavilion" and other ancient temples are solemn and simple;"Kublai tower", "liberation memorial tower", "ancient city base" and otherhistorical sites still exist; Seven peaks, such as "Jiangjun peak", "Shenmapeak" and "Jianyan peak", soar up to the sky; more than 40 cliff inscriptions,such as "high mountains and long waters" and "eternal Zhongtian", are quitepowerful. In this way, Fenghuang Mountain has become a natural and artificialbeauty, interwoven into a beautiful, harmonious and spectacular Chineselandscape painting. In spring, the mountain is verdant and the azalea is red. Insummer, you can enjoy the sea of clouds and listen to the sound of waterfalls.In autumn, the wind is beautiful. In winter, the snow and ice cover the pines.This poem is a true portrayal of Fenghuang mountain.

Because of the time constraint, we cant visit every scenic spot ofFenghuang mountain today. Id like to visit several representative scenic spotsof Xishan Mountain with you, so that we can have a glimpse and see the wholepicture. Now we stop here. Please get ready for climbing.

What we see in front of us is Ziyang temple. In the book, the origin of thename of Ziyang temple is explained as follows: "when you get up in the morning,you are exposed to the light of the sun. In the early days, the light of Xiyangwas purple. It was said that Ziqi came from the East. Taoism called XiyangZiyang and said that Ziyang was auspicious, so the Taoist concept was named"Ziyang". Today, we also come to Ziyang Temple early. Its a good opportunityfor us to "come from the East". It seems that this will bring us good luck andgood luck.

Ziyang temple is hosted by Fenghuang mountain, also known as Sanguan hall.It was first built in the early years of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, formerly knownas "Daning Temple". Later, it was also known as "Xiaoyao Temple". At first,monks lived in the temple. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to constantwars and chaos, there was only one old monk in Yongzheng period. After the oldmonk died, the temple belonged to Taoism. In the early years of Qianlong, TaoistLi Yongyi changed the temple to build a temple, and then called "Ziyang Temple".The Taoist temple was rebuilt in the 13th year, which was composed of Sanguanhall, dongxipeidian hall, bell and Drum Tower.

Now lets go into the Sanguan hall and have a look. In the hall of threeofficials, there are statues of heaven, earth and water. In the middle is TianGuan Yao, who can bless; on the right is di min Shun, who can forgive sins; onthe left is Shui Guan Yu, who can punish evils. If devout people worship infront of the three official statues, they will get rid of their sins and enjoythe blessings of heaven.

On the left side of the statue is the group sculpture of "yaochi jinnv"(legend), and on the right side is the group sculpture of "Eight Immortalscrossing the sea" (legend). On the east side of the main hall is the "Dharmaprotector Lingguan", warning the world that everyone is equal before the law,and the prince is guilty of the same crime as the common people. On the westside is the "Dharma protector land". The pictures painted on the walls are "Maguxianshou", "Dayu Zhishui", "emperor zhanchiyou" respectively“ Shennong taste ahundred herbs "(legend), these legends can take you to the distant ancienttimes, lift your continuous nostalgia. As the partners of Ziyang temple, thelegends of the four ancient pines outside the temple have been guarding Ziyangtemple for half a century. The ancient pines and the ancient temples reflecteach other, making Ziyang Temple more solemn and simple.

The Liberation Monument was built in 1947 to commemorate the liberation ofNortheast China. Climbing from the tower to the mountain, there are "one hundredsingle eight pairs" of stone steps. The road to the top is divided into twopaths. Along the road to the right, we come to the "three churches". The door ofthe "three churches" is made up of two big stones, and the top of the church isa whole stone slab which is stuck on the two walls. Now lets go to see what isextraordinary about these three immortals and saints? What is the light ofwisdom of Chinese philosophers shining on the foreheads of Laozi and Confucius?We can see that the main hall in the hall is paved with stone steps, whichgradually go up. When the steps are put up, there is a huge stone standing ontop of the statue of "Three Religions". It turns out that Buddhism and Taoismcant be believed at the same time, but "three religions have the same origin"has its historical reasons. At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, Huizong ofthe Song Dynasty worshipped Taoists and called himself "the Lord of Taoism, theemperor of Taoism".

Although the emperors of Yuan Dynasty believed in both Buddhism and Taoism,the mixture of Buddhism and Taoism began to decline in the early Ming Dynasty.After the middle of the Ming Dynasty, because of the emperors advocacy, thepreaching of alchemists and monks, and the participation of Buddhists,Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism became a huge, complex and chaotic polytheism.It can be seen that the "three churches" were built after the end of theNorthern Song Dynasty. There are two holes on the left and right in the threechurch cave. To the left is the "tongxuan cave". After drilling through the"tongxuan cave" and passing through the "Tongtian Biequ", after getting out ofthe cave, climbing the hanging wall is the "Guanyin Pavilion".

At the top of this huge stone, there was a chair like depression that couldonly accommodate one person, which is the Guanyin seat. Why does Guanyin sithere? Because there are many deities and Buddhas living in its cave, and thereare many different sects, it is inconvenient for her to practice the skillsthere, so she changed the place of meditation to here. Over time, the rock wasset in a pit. Guanyin Bodhisattva often teaches magic, preaches scriptures andpreaches to the flute here. The believers feel very uneasy. In order to begrateful and praise virtue and show the sincerity of respecting the teacher, atemple has been built on the rock on the right, which is now the GuanyinPavilion. From then on, faithful men and women went back and forth likeshuttles, worshiping and offering incense.

Guanyin pavilion was built in the reign of emperor Shenzong of MingDynasty. It is divided into two layers, one for Guanyin and the other forWeituo. "Guanyin" is the name of a Buddhist Bodhisattva. According to theBuddhist "Dharma Sutra · Pu men pin", if all the dead people recite their name,that is "Guanyin", the Bodhisattva immediately observes their voice and goes torescue and extricate themselves. According to this statement, "Guanyin" isparaphrased. Later, Li Shimin, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, taboo the word"Shi", so he had to omit "Shi" and change it to "Guanyin". It is said thatGuanyin was originally male and female. Guanyin began in the northern andSouthern Dynasties, and there are many legends about Bodhisattvas with thousandsof hands and thousands of eyes and giving away children and wealth. As for the"pure water bottle" and the "willow branch" in Guanyins hand, they wereoriginally the meaning of universal Buddhism and a symbolic "prop".

Later, it became a magic weapon to control the weather in the world, apanacea to treat all kinds of diseases. Wei Tuo is a Buddhist God. His surnameis Wei and his name is Hun. He is one of the Eight Generals of the southernChangtian king, ranking first among the 32 generals of the four heavenly kings.Now we come to Phoenix cave. There is a doggerel when visiting FenghuangMountain: "come to Fenghuang mountain, explore Fenghuang cave, climb arrow eyepeak, and enjoy endless scenery.". When it comes to Fenghuang mountain, you haveto experience the interesting Fenghuang cave and climb the famous "arrow eyepeak".

It seems that climbing arrow eye peak is too difficult. As the saying goes,"the mountain is not high, there are Fairy Spirit.". We have worshipped manyimmortals. It can be said that the aura of Fenghuang Mountain has beenappreciated. Now we go into Fenghuang cave to find out. I dont think we haveany regrets. It is said that Phoenix cave is the habitat of Phoenix, whichcontains phoenix eggs. When Emperor Taizong visited Fenghuang mountain,Fenghuang flew out of the cave to worship his ancestors. Phoenix cave is about200 meters long. After entering the cave, the sky is bright, and the darker yougo, you need to hold a candle. OK, now we have the lighting tools ready. Letsexperience the Phoenix cave. The temple between Guanyin Pavilion and Doum palaceis Bixia palace, also known as Niangniang Temple. The palace was built in 1824and restored in 1982. It is called "three Notre dames", "Empress of descendants"and "Empress of vision".

"Three Notre dames" refer to the goddess of heaven, that is, thegrandmother of King Wen of Zhou; the goddess of heaven, that is, the mother ofKing Wen of Zhou; the goddess of heaven, that is, the wife of King Wen of Zhou,and the mother of King Wu of Zhou, that is, the "virtuous wife Liang Ping", whoenjoys a position among the faithful men and women. Many people come to paytribute and burn incense for good luck. The temple built on guanshengtai isDoumu palace. Doumu palace was built in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that it wasdonated by women. It was rebuilt in 1753. It contains an eight handed statue of"Yuanming Daomu Tianzun". It is said that it is the mother of the Big Dipper.This kind of three eyed and eight armed statue is very common in Buddhism, butit is rare among Taoist gods, which makes it very different.

According to Beidou benmingjing, no matter how poor, humble and unlucky youare, as long as you sincerely worship Doumu and recite her name, you will beable to eliminate disasters and diseases, prolong your life and be blessed. Thenext item on our agenda today is to have dinner at Fenghuang villa in Dongshanscenic area.

(return) it is called "Phoenix does not fall without treasure". It seemsthat Fenghuang mountain is indeed a treasure land. Otherwise, how couldFenghuang live here? How could the emperor admire the name of touring? Fenghuangmountain is a mountainous tourist scenic spot with natural landscape as the mainbody, peak caves, temples and historic sites as the main features. The charmingscenery has formed a natural tourist attraction since ancient times. Monkstravel around, emperors and generals travel around, celebrities travel inFenghuang mountain, leaving behind historical relics and beautiful legends.

In recent years, with Dandong speeding up the pace of opening up, FenghuangMountain has also attracted more and more visitors to Dandong. At ordinarytimes, the peak number of tourists can reach more than 200000. At present, ithas received tourists from more than 30 countries and regions. Every April 28 ofthe lunar calendar, people are everywhere at the root and the top of Fenghuangmountain. Its really a sea of people. When the flow of people is the most, itcan reach four or five hundred thousand people a day. They all come to rush tothe mountain and visit the temple, also known as Fenghuangshan temple fair. Onceupon a time, the annual "medicine king temple fair" was held in FenghuangMountain by Qing Kai envoys. That is to say, on April 28 of the lunar calendar,Sun Simiao, a famous pharmacist of the Tang Dynasty, was sacrificed.

On the 27th, the statue of the "king of medicine" toured the streets. Onthe 28th, people visited the mountains and temples to pray for his earlyrecovery or safety. As more and more people entered the temple to burn incense,the merchants took advantage of this opportunity to start business. Artists alsocome to show their skills. At this time, the spring is warm and the flowers areblooming, and the mountains and rivers are different. The people who visit thespring also choose this day to enjoy themselves.

This tradition has been carried on for a long time. Whats different isthat this activity has become a large-scale mass material exchange meeting,which lasts from April 26 to April 30 of the lunar calendar. Today, although wehavent finished the tour of Fenghuang mountain, we all have a certainunderstanding of the general situation of Fenghuang mountain. After a hardmorning and just having lunch, we have a short rest. Lets learn from each otherif you have any problems. Ill learn from you. OK, thank you.

Welcome to changsha, hunan! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you cancall me little x. In order to facilitate everyone to visit, let me firstintroduce the history of changsha in hunan province.

15-20__00 years ago, human activity has started in changsha. About 7000years ago, changsha began to form the village. About 2400 years ago in thespring and autumn period and the warring states period chu in changsha city.Until today, the site has not changed, more than 20__ years ago the location ofthe road and even today the streets are still coincidence, therefore, changshabecome the longest in the history of Chinese city one of the cities at the sameaddress.

The different historical period, changsha has "LinXiang", called "tamstates"; Changsha tang and song dynasty and Ming dynasty and qing dynasty, itseconomy and culture as its most prosperous period in history. The earliestdocumented in the name of "changsha" ", wang shifu book will be about tribute"changsha turtle" say, more than 3000 years ago. Chow period of ningxiang countycoal river site unearthed four sheep statue of bronze ware etc reflects thechangsha area with the original a connection. Changsha, about 2400 years historyof city construction, city was built in the spring and autumn period and thewarring states period, chu. "The millet of changsha, chu also." ChuCheng kingset county in guizhou, changsha as its scope. By qin qin shi huang unifiedChina, changsha county 36 county, one of which is changsha starts with Chinasadministrative division name go down in history. Han period, the capital city ofchangsha, changsha countries. In the early eastern han dynasty waste "changsha"appointed "changsha county" instead.

In The Three Kingdoms and the western jin dynasty period, changsha countygovernance, belong to the ancient jingzhou. The late western jin dynasty and thenorthern and southern dynasties, changsha county and hunan state system ofgovernance.

Sui early withdrawal county, head of changsha as tam state government; Thelate change state for the county, and changsha, changsha county countygovernance. When set pool by the tang dynasty, once jiangnan road, Jiang Naxiway. Changsha kiln in the five dynasties period of the tang dynasty, onceflourished, become the birthplace of under glaze color. Five dynasties and tenstates period for changsha chu capital, which is the only country to changshafor capital.

When the song dynasty by the changsha to pool. Changsha yuelu academy, setup in the northern song dynasty to culture and education to the peak. The yuandynasty in 1274 to pool state road, HuGuang province seat. Is still the tamstate road 1281, hunan DaoXuan comfort seat, subordinate HuGuang provinces; Yuanliterate admired day calendar for two years due to the "good" emperors nameheaven road, yuan state seat change at the end of the pool. Ming to changshaFuZhi, originally department subordinate HuGuang. The qing emperor kangxi threeyears to build "hunan province", changsha as changsha government FuZhi and hunanprovince. When Ming and qing dynasties, changsha, there are four big market andbig four, what he said, one of the most important market for China.

Late qing dynasty, zeng guofan became "the first person of hunan", thechangsha government emerged important figure in Chinese history, such as CengGuoquan, zuo zongtang, Hu Linyi, such as elimination of the taiping heavenlykingdom, started the westernization movement, recovered in xinjiang, etc., causeprofound influence to the late qing dynasty of China. Late qing dynasty andearly republic of China, changsha become important political and revolutionaryactivities. The reform movement of Chen Baozhen, tan sitong, establishment ofThe Times in changsha school. ZiLiJun uprising, China after a sudden flash ofinspiration, symbol of tian-hua Chen and Yao Hongye, clear ping feels ashameduprising, rob rice agitation, are influential activities. Against the qingdynasty in the late qing dynasty made a series of qing dynasty, made greatcontribution to the establishment of the republic of China.

Welcome to Turpan. When talking about Turpan, people cant help thinking ofWang Luobin, the "king of Western singing". His "Turpan grapes are ripe, andanaerhans heart is drunk". The beautiful lyrics and moving melody bring us intoa picturesque realm. Now lets go into Turpan and feel its magic charm together!Turpans geographical characteristics → climate characteristics "the hottest,the lowest, the driest and the sweetest" are peoples image description ofTurpan, which also accurately summarizes Turpans geographical and climaticcharacteristics. Tourists, lets first introduce the geographical location andtopographic features of Turpan. Turpan is located in the central part ofXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, bordering Hami in the East, Bayinguoleng inthe West and south, 183 km from Urumqi in the northwest and Changji in thenorth. It is about 300 kilometers long from east to west and 240 kilometers widefrom north to south, covering an area of 64000 square kilometers, accounting for4.2% of the total area of Xinjiang. The terrain is characterized by twomountains and one basin, Bogda mountain and kuluktag mountain are in the northand south, and Turpan Basin is in the middle. There are two counties and onecity under its jurisdiction, namely Dushan County, Toksun county and Turpancity. The total population is about 520000. The main ethnic groups are Uygur,Han, Hui, Kazak, Manchu, Russian and so on.

Turpan Basin is an olive shaped Intermountain basin in the east of TianshanMountains. It is surrounded by mountains, high in the north and low in thesouth, wide in the West and narrow in the East. Due to the Himalayan orogenyabout 30 million years ago, a variety of geological structures and landformshave been formed. In the north there is Bogda peak, which is covered with snowall the year round at an altitude of 5445 meters. In the middle there is FlamingMountain, which stretches 100 kilometers from east to west. In the FlamingMountain, there is a famous Grape Valley 7 kilometers long. The most peculiar isAiding Lake, which is 154 meters below sea level. It is the lowest basin inChina and the second dead sea of Jordan, which is 391 meters below sea level Thesecond lowest land in the world. Turpan Basin integrates snow mountains, rivervalleys, sand dunes and lakes, just like a giant landscape painting, which makespeople stop and linger.

Because of its unique geographical environment, Turpan has become the placewith the highest temperature in summer in China. From June to August every year,the average temperature here ranges from 35 ℃ to 37 ℃, the extreme maximumtemperature reaches 49.6 ℃, and the surface temperature exceeds 70 ℃. Therefore,people describe it as "a place where eggs can be baked in sand nest and bigcakes can be baked on stone slab". When our cars travel through the village, wecan also see such a novel phenomenon, that is, every familys bed is placedoutside the house, which is how the local residents spend the hot summer.Therefore, it is appropriate for people to call Turpan "Huozhou" since ancienttimes. However, although the absolute temperature here is very high, thetemperature difference between day and night is large. In addition, there areoften strong winds in the basin. Even if it is extremely hot during the day,once the sun sets and night falls, the temperature will gradually cool down.Especially in spring and autumn, the temperature difference is more obvious,

Just like two seasons, "wearing fur coat in the morning and yarn in theafternoon" is a true portrayal of the climate characteristics of TurpanBasin.

Turpan is dry and rainless. Almost 10 months of the year, there is no rainor snow. The average annual precipitation is 16.6 mm, but the evaporation is ashigh as 3000 mm. The precipitation season is mainly in summer. The climate ofTurpan Basin is often described as "dry without rain" because of small rainfall,coarse raindrop and short precipitation time. As a part of precipitation,snowfall is rare in Turpan Basin. The average snowfall in winter is less than2mm. However, the year-round snow on Bogda mountain provides endless water forthe basin. By digging the Kaner well, the local people lead the melting waterfrom the snow mountain to the ground through the underground flow, irrigate thefertile land, and breed a vibrant desert oasis.

The closed basin, thin cloud cover, strong solar radiation and extremelyhigh temperature form abundant heat resources. In Turpan Basin, where the sky ishigh and the clouds are light, the annual sunshine hours are more than 3000hours. Abundant heat resources provide an ideal environment for the growth ofthermophilic crops such as melons, fruits and cotton. For example, Turpan Grape,which is famous at home and abroad, has a history of more than 20__ years andhas more than 300 varieties. After testing, the sugar content of Turpan Grape isas high as 22% - 26%, which is higher than that of California grape (20%) withthe highest sugar content. Turpan Grape is the sweetest grape in the world.Tourists, after introducing the geography of Turpan, lets review itshistory

Turpan, known as Gaochang, Xizhou and Huozhou in ancient times, became thepolitical, economic and cultural center of the western regions more than 20__years ago in the Western Han Dynasty, and was a famous town on the ancient SilkRoad. The former state of Cheshi, built by local Cheshi people, once dominatedhere for a while. In the Jin Dynasty, it was the location of the capital of thewestern regions, where the "Gaochang county" was established. After the fall ofGaochang Kingdom, the Tang Dynasty set up "Xizhou" here. In Song Dynasty, theUighur people moved westward and established the kingdom of Gaochang. In Yuanand Ming Dynasties, "Huozhou" and "Hezhou" were established. Zhili Hall ofTurpan was set up in Qing Dynasty. Turpan county was set up in 1913. In 1985,the county was removed and Turpan city was established. Turpan was also one ofthe earliest regions in Xinjiang to open to the outside world. Since the Han andTang Dynasties, foreign exchanges have been very frequent. Businessmen, monksand envoys from the Central Plains to India, Persia and the Mediterranean coasthave come in an endless stream, leaving Turpan with many beautiful legends.Tourists, coming to Turpan, seem to have read a thick historical picture. Thereare the ancient cities of Jiaohe and Gaochang, which are full of thevicissitudes of war, the exquisite and gorgeous frescoes of bazkrik dry Buddhacave, the ancient tombs of Astana, which is known as the underground museum, andthe Sugong pagoda, which is an ancient building with Islamic style. They showpeople the historical features of different times. History has left Turpan notonly ruins, but also a long culture. The folk customs here are rich andcolorful, and the people here are enthusiastic and good at singing and dancing.If at night in Turpan Hotel grape rack, while tasting fruits, while enjoying"wheat"

The "seraph" party will definitely make you feel relaxed and happy.Tourists, this is the general situation of Turpan. Maybe some tourists have tosay that after talking for a long time, I havent expressed the Chinese meaningof "Turpan". Yes, Turpan is a Turkic language, which means "rich and fertileplace". After listening to the translation of the name and comparing with theprevious introduction, do you have the same feeling? I hope Turpan, a beautifuland rich place, can add more fun to your travel.

2 tour guide to the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik The specialgeographical location of the Silk Road makes Xinjiang an important channel forcultural exchanges between the East and the West. Therefore, religious art inXinjiang is very prosperous, and all major religions have a place here. Inaddition to Islam, Nestorianism and Manichaeism, Buddhism has the mostfar-reaching influence. Caves and stone carvings all over Xinjiang fully provethis. Today we are going to visit Is located in the middle of the flame mountaingorge in the baizikrik thousand Buddha cave. Origin of the name → historicalstatus → general situation of the caves

Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave, known as "ningrong Grottoes" in TangDynasty, is located in mutougou gorge of Huoyan mountain, about 60 km northeastof Turpan City, only 15 km south of the old city of Gaochang. It is one of thelarger and famous Buddhist grottoes in Xinjiang. Bozikrik means "hillside" inUighur and "decorative painting" in Turkic.

Bozikrik thousand Buddha cave was first excavated in the late Northern andSouthern Dynasties, namely the Qushi Gaochang state (ad

During the seven centuries of Tang, Five Dynasties, song and YuanDynasties, it was one of the Buddhist centers in the western regions. GaochangUighur period (9th-13th century A.D.) is the most prosperous period of thegrottoes. Therefore, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik is considered as "themost important, the most abundant, the most complete and the most representativeart treasure house in Uighur Buddhist art". Tourists, now we come to thethousand Buddha Cave Scenic Area. There are 83 caves and 77 existing numberedcaves. Among them, there are more than 40 caves with residual murals. The totalarea of murals is 1200 square meters. It is the largest number of caves and themost abundant murals in Turpan. There are various forms of grottoes, such ashorizontal top straight cave, central pillar cave, square double set cave anddome square cave, and some built temples and Buddha platform in the middle ofthe grottoes.

[mural content → Jiyue painting in cave 16 → hell change in cave 17 → greatlotus in cave 18 - Uighur king in Gaochang in cave 20 → Manichaeism in cave 38 →small commemorative shadow cave in cave 82 → 83]

Walking down the steps at the entrance, we can see more than a dozen cavesopen to tourists. The light in the caves is not very strong, and the mottledpictures on the inner wall of the arch can be seen faintly. Each line isdepicted in detail. The ribbons of the characters are very dynamic, but many ofthe characters are incomplete, which is a pity.

The frescoes in the bozikrik Grottoes mainly include the "Buddha" with alarge-scale portrait of Buddha as the center

The purpose of these paintings is to glorify the Buddhist Dharma forworshiping good men and women. From the 6th century to the 12th century, it hasalways been an important place for Buddhism in Gaochang kingdom. Manyinscriptions in ancient Huique script, Chinese script and Baltic script arestill preserved in the grottoes, which are valuable materials for studyingancient scripts. The architectural style and painting skills of the grottoes arealso of high research value. In 1982, the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik waslisted as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Tourists, lets first visit cave 16. Cave 16 was excavated in the middleTang Dynasty. There is a picture of Jiyue in the cave. In the picture,xiaohulei, an ancient musical instrument, appeared for the first time in ChineseBuddhist caves. Hulei, also known as the dragon head pipa, originated fromNanzhao music of Tang Dynasty. It is shaped like a pear with a stick, a dragonhead with two strings, a boa skin covering the abdomen, and a sandalwood groove.Its authentic products are now stored in the Palace Museum of Beijing. Next,lets look at caves 17 and 18. These two caves are the earliest in the wholeGrottoes group, which were excavated in the late Northern and Southern Dynastiesfrom the 6th to 7th century. Lets first take a look at the mural "hell changes"in cave 17, which is very similar to the painting of Manis teaching aidmansion, which is rare in China. There is a big lotus flower in the center ofthe top of cave 18, which is filled with geometric patterns such as triangle andfour leaves in the middle. It is elegant and solemn, with nationalcharacteristics.

Next, lets visit cave 20. The murals in the grottoes show images of theUighur king and queen of Gaochang. The Uighur king of Gaochang was wearing alotus petal shaped crown, a round collar wide sleeve robe, a middle belt, blackboots and other daily necessities. The queen is plump, wearing a crown and a redcoat with lapels and narrow sleeves. The color of the portrait is gorgeous, thelines are smooth and the drawing is exquisite. Beside the portrait is theinscription of Huique. This group of murals is highly artistic and is one of therepresentative works of the whole thousand Buddha cave murals. Unfortunately,the original mural is on display in the Berlin Museum in Germany, and the colorphotos on display in the cave are based on the original. The frescoes in cave 38are different from those before. They are about ancient Manichaeism. There arethree trees in the frescoes behind the grottoes, under which there are manyimages of monks and nuns dressed in white and feathered people with wings, whichshow respect for Manichaeism. Manichaeism is a religion founded by Persian Mani,also known as Mingjiao, which worships the God of light. From the 9th century tothe 12th century, Gaochang Uighur kingdom was the center of Manichaeism in theworld. Manichaeism once became the state religion of Gaochang Uighur kingdom.Then we come to cave 82 and 83, which is under ganfo cave and beside muugou.This is a small commemorative shadow cave specially built for Buddhist eminentmonks during the reign of emperor Gaochang in the 10th and 11th centuries A.D. Apottery relic box and a gold foil wrapping paper used by Buddhists wereunearthed here. The ink mark on it indicates that the gold foil shop was locatedin the south of taihelou street in Hangzhou in Song Dynasty. This gold foilwrapping paper proves that Gaochang Uighur kingdom had quite close economic andtrade contacts with the Song Dynasty from the 11th to the 12th century.

Tourists, from the murals of the thousand Buddha cave in bozikrik, we cansee Xinjiang Buddhism

The long history of culture makes us have a deeper understanding of thebroad and profound culture of Xinjiang. The past of Xinjiang is brilliant, andwe believe that the future of Xinjiang will be more brilliant.

汽车在通向罗浮山的公路上行驶。窗外的山渐渐多起来了。身子微微的朝前一倾，我才知道，罗浮山已经到了!

我们几个孩子蹦蹦跳跳地进了大门，迫不及待地想揭开罗浮山的面貌。空气中弥漫着淡淡的玉兰花香，不远处，一个平静的荷花池流露着夏的气息，一朵朵荷花争奇斗艳。池边有几棵高大的玉兰树，玉兰花瓣零零星星地落在地上，像一只只小船，妙极了!池边的柳树也不甘败下风，无数的柳条在风中倘佯，似乎在向我们展现自己一身的妩媚。让人看了感到亲切、舒服。

离开荷花池，我们继续向最高峰----飞云顶前进。在去飞云顶的途中，妩媚一路上尽情欣赏山间的美景和路旁充满韵味的精美雕塑。使我印象最深要数一号将军楼前的“圣龟”了!一只大乌龟带领着一帮小乌龟，小乌龟们乖乖地跟在大乌龟后面。乌龟们头高高地抬起，眺望着远方，一脸严肃，像是“将军楼”的英勇守护者呢!

很快，我们已经来到了所谓“圣地”的地方----蝴蝶洞。蝴蝶洞是一个天然形成的岩洞。洞前有一眼泉水，人们把泉水引到了罗浮山的各个地方，供人们饮用和降暑。毒辣的太阳把我们的衣衫都逼出了汗，我们一行人，争先恐后地在泉水前洗手。感觉凉凉的，好舒服啊，甚至有点要结冰的感觉。可是衬上這炎热的夏天，显得很得意!洗完手，我们准备进洞去了。洞口上有两只硕大的蝴蝶雕塑，颜色有些暗淡，一定是有好一段历史的了。走进了洞里，开始了我们长达20分钟的“蝴蝶一游”了!刚进时，感觉雨雾迷蒙，加上洞内的光线并不充足，自己似乎成了仙子，腾云驾雾的!

这里还很潮湿，时不时听到有水滴的声音，好像是在给我们的前进伴奏!走前了一点，我们隐约看到了八个高大的雕像，走近了，是八仙!看呐，這岩洞内还有怎么大的雕像呢!前面的烛光多了，一个千手观音的神像出现在我们面前。我们一个紧接一个地参拜了观音。我们还注意到，前面有些贪玩的游客在千手观音手上放了很多水果和零食，弟弟笑着説：“幸亏观音有千手，不然零食就没那么多了!”

告别了蝴蝶洞，我们继续前进，在大家的笑声和谈话中，我们来的了飞云顶的脚下。抬眼望去，已高得望不见头了。花了两个多小时，我们终于到达了山顶。万里晴空下，是一片秀气的山顶，黄昏时的太阳给它们镀上了一层金黄。连绵起伏的山坡像一个个温柔的小船，向着幸福启航!

下山后，我们拖着疲倦的身躯奔向旅馆，带着罗浮山的美，进入了梦乡……

Dear tourist friends, welcome to Wuyi Mountain with beautiful scenery. Imthe guide of sunshine travel group. My name is Xiao Wang. This morning, we wentto Tianyou peak scenic spot, and at noon we went to Jiuqu River to take bamboorafting. Before you go, please pay attention to some things: 1. Dont stand onthe bamboo rafts when you are rafting; 2. When climbing mountains, women dontwear high heels, try to wear flat shoes.

Well, take the environmental protection battery car, we come to the firststop "Tianyou peak".

Tianyou peak is in the north of Jiuqu River and Liuqu River, in the centerof the scenic spot. When its sunny after rain or the first morning dew,climbing the peak and looking at the sea of clouds are like the waves of thesea, which are changeable. Its like Ive come to a fairyland and roam in thesky, so its called "Tianyou". "Tianyou peak" can be divided into upper andlower parts. The view Pavilion is located on the left and near the upperreaches. Along the lake Majian, it is the lower reaches. The view Pavilion onthe upper reaches of Tianyou peak is close to the cliff. It is a very goodviewing platform of Wuyi Mountain. You can have a panoramic view of thelandscape of Wuyi Mountain when you look around. Let people open-minded,intoxicated in it, everyone will leave a figure there.

After touring "Tianyou peak", we take a bus to the next station, JiuquRiver.

Jiuqu River originates in the west of Wuyi Mountain with dense forest. Itswater quality is very clear, with a total length of 62.8 km. It flows throughthe ecological area in the middle of the mountain. Jiuqu river meanders inDanxia state, distributed among the mountains and rocks, forming a deep meander.The straight-line distance is 5 km. Sitting on the bamboo raft, you can enjoythe beautiful natural scenery. The water under the bamboo raft is clear, andfrom time to time there are small fish swimming by. The scenery is sobeautiful.

There is also a legend of water turtles in Wuyi Mountain

One year, a tortoise, who had been practising for thousands of years,originally wanted to seek an official position in the sky, but the mercilessJade Emperor asked him to water the tea tree. At first, he felt very relaxed,but after a long time, he felt very bored. One day, he suddenly heard a voicefrom the world: "tea sprouts, tea sprouts." he couldnt help running to thesouth gate and looking down, he saw that people were sacrificing tea gods in thetea garden beside the Jiuqu River. Golden tortoise cant help praising peoplesrespect for tea. As soon as I thought of pouring tea there all the year round,but no one asked me about it, I decided that I might as well make a tea in theworld.

Well, thats the end of todays tour. I hope you can have a pleasant trip.The beautiful nature welcomes you. I also hope the beautiful Wuyi Mountain willleave you a perfect memory.

First of all, on behalf of __ travel agency, Id like to welcome you. Imyour guide. My name is _ _ and you can call me _ _. The driver on my right ismaster Zhao. Today, we will serve you all. If you have any needs or requestsalong the way, please feel free to put forward them. We will try our best tohelp you solve them. May our service make you have a happy journey. It is saidthat in history, Liu Deng marched into the Dabie Mountains and wrote amagnificent epic of blood and fire in the Dabie Mountains. Today, let me leadyou to this red land and express our feelings for this soil. When it comes tothe Dabie Mountains, I just want to ask you, do you know why it is called theDabie mountains? In fact, there is a moving story in it. It is said that in theworld of flood and famine, heaven and earth are integrated, and hundreds ofmillions of creatures are squeezed between the dark heaven and earth. Later, amountain roared up and lifted up the sky with his back, so that all creaturescould get light. Because the mountain separated heaven and earth, day and night,so that heaven and earth are different, it was named Dabie Mountain. Of course,its just a legend. In fact, from the perspective of geographical location, itscalled Dabie Mountain because it separates the Yangtze River and Huaihe River,and separates the state of Wu and the state of Chu, which makes the climate andcustoms of the two places different.

In addition to being the birthplace and base of Chinas red revolution,Dabie Mountain is also a tourist, summer resort and holiday resort. Withbeautiful scenery, fresh air and pleasant climate, it has been developed as"Dabie Mountain eco-tourism area". Here, you can not only enjoy the magic ofstrange peaks, strange rocks and sea of clouds, but also enjoy the charm ofheavens beautiful water. In May 1996, Dabie Mountain was officially approved asa national forest park. Dabie Mountain National Forest Park is divided into fivescenic spots: Tiantangzhai Dabie Xiongfeng natural scenery tourist area,qingtaiguan Guguan famous temple tourist area, bodaofeng summer resort touristarea, Jiuzihe pastoral scenery tourist area and tiantanghu water park. Thesescenic spots have their own characteristics and are integrated, showing theunique charm of Dabie Mountain.

Tiantang lake is surrounded by mountains and waters, beautiful scenery, andwith the changes of the situation, each has its own wonderful, deep "waterlight, sunny side is good, the mountains are empty, rain is also strange"artistic conception. Qingtaiguan scenic spot is located at the junction of Hubeiand Anhui in the north of the main peak of Dabie Mountain, covering an area of106 square kilometers. It is a scenic spot mainly for visiting ancient times andsightseeing. Bodaofeng scenic spot is located in the west of Tiantangzhai,covering an area of 30 square kilometers, with dense vegetation and long historyand culture. Jiuzihe rural scenic area is mainly composed of ancient countryheritage and agricultural landscape.

Today we are visiting the Tiantangzhai Dabie Xiongfeng scenic area. Themost magical landscape in the scenic area is the mountain! Walking in the heavenmountain, the mountains are overlapping, as if dissolved in the embrace ofmountains. Or to see the solitary peaks stand out alone, or to see the two peaksstand against each other, or to see the peaks stand out, blocking the sky andblocking the sun. Climbing up, you can see the mountains competing. Some roarlike a tiger, some roar like a lion, some sit in like Maitreya, some like areclining Buddha heaven. The shape is lifelike and amazing. The Sleeping Buddhain heaven, the philosopher watching the sea (xugongya) and the turtle in Dabieare known as the "three wonders of heaven" and even more spectacular.Tiantangzhai has many ravines, twists and turns, and springs and rocks arescattered in the stream. The trees beside the stream are green, birds aresinging and flowers are fragrant.

Now our place is Shenxian Valley, which is about 1500 meters long and 30-40meters wide. It is characterized by quiet valleys and beautiful waters. It ispicturesque and full of magical colors. The legend of Shenxian Valley is that itis a place loved by Laojun. Look at this huge stone. Its a natural platform.Its called rooftop. There is a deep hole under the boulder and a pool in frontof the hole. There is a two-stage waterfall on the pool. It is said that a pairof carp in the pool were infected by Laojuns immortal Qi. They swam intoShuanglong Lake not far away to listen to Laojun chanting scriptures.Shuanglongtan is actually the largest two wells in the nine wells of heaven, andthe two wells are connected. There is a huge platform between the two pools,namely "chanting platform", which is the platform for taishanglaojun to chantscriptures and preach. Every time Lao Jun devotes himself to preaching, the twocarp also devote themselves to listening. After a long time, they all emerge asJackie Chan. So later generations called the two wells "shuanglongtan".

The cave in front of you is said to be the place where taishanglaojun livesand eats, so people call it immortal cave. Xianren cave is close to mountainsand waters, with beautiful environment. There is a space of about 10 squaremeters in the cave. There is a huge bed like stone in the cave. It is said thatit is the place where taishanglaojun stayed. Not far away, there is a legendthat taishanglaojun played chess in the "immortal chess cave". In front of thecave, there is a magnificent landscape - "two dragons come out of the valley".Since then, the river of Shenxian Valley has been divided into two parts by ahuge stone. It flows down from both sides, like two silver dragons running outof the valley happily, and the momentum is particularly magnificent.

The tourist route of the main peak of the Dabie Mountains is eitherisolated or confronted by two peaks. The main scenic spots are Xiaohua mountain,Zheren peak, Foguang cliff, etc. Now the place we are going to is thephilosopher peak. Zheren peak is 1518 meters above sea level. Please take acloser look. The cliff is about 100 meters high, which looks like a big head,broad forehead, thick eyebrows, high nose and rich lips. The shape is lifelikeand lifelike. You can see it contemplating the north, as if thinking about amajor philosophical proposition. This is one of the three wonders of heaven, the"philosopher watching the sea.". My friends, the mountain road is rugged. Pleasebe careful of the slippery road and pay attention to safety.

Now we come to the Foguang cliff, which is 1609 meters above sea level.Its named after the occasional magical Buddha light. It has been a holy land ofBuddhism since ancient times, with "old temple", "Maitreya Temple" and othersites. In front of us, the mountains are in various shapes, like immortalsmeeting here, so it is called "gathering of immortals". Here, there is a veryspecial mountain with three Buddhas in one mountain. There are three stoneBuddhas: Sleeping Buddha, Maitreya Buddha and monk. Among them, "Sleeping Buddhain heaven" is known as one of the three wonders of heaven.

We continue to climb along the ridge at the border of Hubei and Anhuiprovinces, and then we can reach the main peak of Dabie Mountain. The ridgerises and falls, long and gentle. There is a stone like a turtle on the ridge,so it is named "Dabie turtle", which is also one of the three wonders of heaven.Well, tourists, after our long journey, we come to the top of Tiantangzhai, themain peak of Dabie Mountain. With an altitude of 1729.13 meters, Tiantangzhai isknown as "the first peak in the Central Plains".

Here, when you look around the world, you can see 100000 mountainsembracing and worshiping you. To the north, you can see the mountains and riversof Wu and Anhui, and to the south, you can see the boundless scenery of Jingchu.Watching the sunrise in the early morning seems to be nine days away, andwatching the sunset in the evening is like walking in the fairy palace. Its apity that we dont have a good time to enjoy the beautiful scenery together. Ifyou have a chance to visit Dabie Mountain next time, you must not miss thebeautiful scenery!

Well, tourists, its getting late. Please come down the mountain with me.When you go down the mountain, please pay attention to safety.

Dear tourists, we are about to break up. The tour of Dabie Mountain iscoming to an end. Thank you all for your support to my work. Thank you! Whiletaking away the good impression, please leave your valuable opinions. Imlooking forward to our next reunion. If there is any chance, Id like to provideyou with better service. Goodbye, friends.

Welcome to here! I am your tour guide, my name is x, you can call me little x. For a fun filled visit to in order to facilitate everyone, let me first introduce you.

The ends of the earth, unique scenery. Into the heart, that pair of springing up on the beach more than 10 meters high, more than 60 meters long green gray boulders suddenly into the eye. Two stone engraved with "tianya" and "cape", meaning the edge of the day, the end of the sea. Clear water, blue sky here in color, vast lake, why napa. Culture and coconut trees swaying, the stone forest. The engraved with "tianya", "cape", "south tianyi column", "sea to south day" stones more than south China sea, hainan special skill.

Came to the ends of the earth, except for sightseeing to the natural and humanistic landscape, believe that everyone will trigger a variety of lenovo and comprehension, "sea life bright moon, tianya" at this time of the family, "love you to the glebes old, accompany you to the end of the world" love, distance separates no bosom friends, "" friendship," alone on tall building, at the end of the world road "sad," tianya reduced people at the same time, why should meet had met "comfort," the end of the world where no fangcao "open-minded," the ends of the earth are not sharp, far more days "detachment, and" backward "mentality, and so on. Fusion of natural landscape and human emotion, it is the end of the worlds unique charm.

First, we went to the beach. Ready to ride boats to RiYueShi located at sea. On the boat, the wind blowing my face, and the seagulls flying on my head, boats passing rolled up heavy waves on the sea. In the sea, I cant express my joy for such an environment. Not for a moment, then to the RiYueShi. There are two pieces of stone like, like month. Appreciate for a while. And in a place called "the seas run dry and the rocks crumble. Unexpectedly, open boat people begin to blackmail to us, or take us straight to tianya stone, or charge a small boat to take us to 100 "the seas run dry and the rocks crumble and diaoyutai". We thought for a while, anyway to came, then continue to go to "the seas run dry and the rocks crumble. That is just a rock. Then went to the diaoyutai state guesthouse. There are lots of seafood to sell, are expensive. And the turtles. A man decides to 10 yuan. So start haggling. But still not settled at last. So we called up the open boat, sit on the left the diaoyutai state guesthouse. Straight toward the tianya stone on the shore. We came to cape tianya stone and stone. Two separate stone engraved with the end of the world and the cape. Legend has it that a couple in love of men and women, respectively from two feudal family, they love their ethnic opposition, and forced to flee to both jumped into the sea, into two pieces of stone, forever. Later generations to commemorate their firmness love, quartering "tianya" cape ", "then the men and women in love with" the ends of the earth forever at your feet "to show their own accomplishments.

Then we came to the "south tianyi column". "Tianya" "cape" two being walk about three hundred meters, a statue standing tall conical stone, like a magic at the sky, that is "south tianyi column" stone, about 7 meters high, look like a philosophers head, the side like a ship sets up "a ketch". The design is on the reverse of the fourth edition of RMB 2 "south tianyi column" here. Legend has it, it is "gong gong anger and touch not island, bl 10 fold, d the land" of "sky column," south alone were sent here to hold the day. Qing xuantong first year (1911), the time of the scarp state the year Fan Yun ladder is according to the above, inscribed copy of "south tianyi column" this four characters.

Ladies and gentlemen: qufu is our country ancient times a great thinker, politician and educator Confuciuss hometown, one of the first batch of 24 historical and cultural cities published. Confucius had a famous saying: "there is companion come from afar, joy." Today, I had the privilege to you as a tour guide, very happy. I will do my best to provide satisfactory service for you, the deficiency, please correct me criticism.

Qufu overview before a visit to the "three holes", please allow me to introduce qufu overview:

Qufu is situated at in and plain of shandong province at the junction, north depends on mount tai, south Yi mountain, the east river bank Mongolia mountains, west plains of over thousand domain. Terrain east west high low, domestic SiHe, YiHe river flows from east to west, from ancient times there is "the saint door back water". Products rich, pleasant scenery. Great poet qufu Li Baiceng describes: "smile boast a friend refers to despair, the graceful green such as LAN".

Qufu has a long history, as early as fifty-six thousand years ago, our ancestors would thrive here, created the early human civilization. Many ancient books, and the yan emperor, wu migration are less in qufu, the yellow emperor was born in longevity hill (qufu east eight miles), shun in life for what sorts of records. Visible, China ancient times the most influential in the existence of four people left traces in qufu. Although this is a legend, but also is not groundless. From more than 20 section of the preserved in dawenkou culture and longshan culture sites still remains visible to our ancestors conquering nature. "One of the earliest qufu" in rites > >. The eastern han dynasty YingShao explained: "east lu mound, winding in the seven or eight long, therefore qufu." The early stage of the shang dynasty, qufu I, is one of the important vassal shang dynasty. "Duke of sealing in qufu" since the zhou dynasty for over 800 years, qufu for lu capital, and was an important political, economic and cultural center. The wind of spring and autumn period, Confucius pioneering private teaching, "three thousand disciples, the sage three thousand two" throughout all over the country, and became the center of education. Lu is a golden period in the history of qufu, well known for its "formal state", so is still in use in shandong province "lu" as referred to. In 249 BC, chu lu, lu county, qin dynasty Xue Jun, the western han dynasty to lu, when the wei jin southern and northern dynasties to crewe. Sui emperor sixteen years (596), the first pronounce qufu county name. Song called fairy source county, jin recover qufu county name today. 1986 withdraw XianZhi, called qufu. Now covers an area of 890 square kilometers and a population of more than 60. Long history, splendid culture, left a large number of cultural relics to qufu, mainly there are more than 110, the Confucius temple, Confucius, konglin was suggested and lu cultural site is listed as one of the first key cultural relics protection units by the national, 11 listed as the provincial key cultural relics protection units. "Three holes" in 1994 by the United Nations as a world cultural heritage.

After the founding of new China, especially since the third plenary session of the eleventh party and state leaders of great concern, qufu monuments in countries has budgeted more than 3000 3000 yuan on the "three holes" chopped comprehensive repair. In recent years, in order to develop the tourism, qufu company development and construction of the memorial garden city of six arts, analects of Confucius, a batch of new tourist attractions such as lu shengshi huaxia culture city, the formation of humanities and natural landscape, the old and new scenic spots one integrated mass, synergies of new pattern of tourism resources, become the culture of Chinese and foreign tourists yearning resort.

Kaifengs ancient cities, Bianliang, Bianjing and Tokyo, or Bian for short,are one of the seven ancient capitals in China. There are Wei in the WarringStates period, Houliang, later Jin, later Han, Later Zhou in the Five Dynasties,Northern Song and Jinding in Kaifeng. Therefore, Kaifeng has always been thecapital of seven dynasties. Let me introduce Kaifeng with seven ones

The end result of a famous official: Bao Qingtian in Kaifeng is selflessand honest. I think many people have heard this song. When you travel toKaifeng, you will naturally think of Bao Zheng, the famous Prime Minister of theNorthern Song Dynasty. He once served as the magistrate of Kaifeng. In peopleshearts, he is the symbol of the upright officials in ancient China. We willvisit Baogong temple after visiting shangheyuan during the QingmingFestival.

The glory of a dynasty, in the history of Kaifeng, the capital of the sevendynasties, the Northern Song Dynasty was the longest, from 960 to 1127, as longas 168 years, also the most prosperous. In the Han and Tang Dynasties, therewere no more than four or five hundred thousand people in Changan, no more thanone million in Luoyang, and 1.5 million in Kaifeng. At that time, there weremore than 100000 people in London and Paris, and only 500000 in Damascus, whichis called the worlds largest city by Europeans. With the prosperity of economy,the increase of population, and the development of commodity economy, merchants,envoys, and religious personages from all over the world could not stop on theirway. All kinds of Chinese civilization, including gunpowder, printing, andpapermaking, spread to all over the world. The prosperity of economy alsopromoted the great development of culture. Su Shi, ou Yangxiu, Wang Anshi, SimaGuang, Liu Yong, Li Qingzhao and Zhang Zeduan all led the way in theirrespective fields.

The history of a big river, the development of Kaifeng is closely relatedto the Yellow River, the history of Kaifeng development can be said to be thehistory of the Yellow River flooding, the Yellow River stability is Kaifengprosperous, the Yellow River flooding is Kaifeng decline. At present, there arefive ruins of Dadu City stacked together under our feet, and then we Kaifengpeople build on the ruins again, that is, once the Yellow River floods, Kaifengwill be submerged once. The five ancient capital sites are distributed on 20square kilometers of land, only the five cities in Kaifeng and the five capitalsin Luoyang. Now there is another world wonder between Kaifeng and the YellowRiver, that is, the suspended wonder of the Yellow River. The riverbed of theYellow River is seven meters higher than the surface of Kaifeng.

The fragrance of a flower. This flower is naturally Kaifeng City flowerchrysanthemum, as early as the Northern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng Chrysanthemum hasbeen well-known throughout the country. In 1983, chrysanthemum was designated asthe city flower of Kaifeng. Since then, every year from October 18 to November18, Kaifeng will hold a chrysanthemum flower fair. When you enter any scenicspot in Kaifeng, you seem to enter a sea of chrysanthemums. Now KaifengChrysanthemum and Luoyang Peony have become provincial flower fair. People inKaifeng love chrysanthemum not only because of its beauty, but also because ofits strong character, cold resistance and noble temperament. At the same time,chrysanthemum is also a symbol of Kaifeng peoples indomitable will. Lookingback on the history, Kaifeng has experienced many wars. However, Kaifeng peopleare constantly striving for self-reliance and rebuilding their homes. This isnot the unique quality of chrysanthemum!

The aura of a lake. As we all know, Yang Jialing of the Northern SongDynasty was a representative of loyal officials and good generals. So there aretwo lakes in Kaifeng, one is yangjiahu, the other is panjiahu. There is such astory among the people. Yanghuqing, panhuzhuo, treacherous minister, loyalminister, Qingzhuo. It is said that a heroic Yang family in the Northern SongDynasty made great contributions to the country, but the emperor did notdistinguish between good and evil. After Yang Ye was killed, she went to thegolden palace to sue the emperor, but the emperor shielded the treacherousofficials and only removed pan Renmeis three empty duties. In a rage, she ledher family to retire and move away. The day after tomorrow, heavy rain floodedPan Yangs house. The lake where the pan family is located is turbid and stinky,while the lake of the Yang family is clear. People think that this is aportrayal of the loyalty and treachery of the pan and Yang families. So the auraof a lake,

A difficult revival. Since the Yellow River inundated Kaifeng in the lateNorthern Song Dynasty, Kaifeng has not been prosperous in the past. Kaifeng,which was the provincial capital in the period of the Republic of China, hasbeen left far behind by Zhengzhou and Luoyang. Kaifeng now governs five countiesand five districts with a population of 4.6 million and an urban population of780000. Now, after the national strategy of the rise of central China is putforward, the provincial government proposes to develop the Central Plains urbanagglomeration and realize the integration of Zhengzhou and Kaifeng. The openingof Zhengbian Avenue last year marks that Kaifeng, driven by Zhengzhou, has setfoot on the express train that attaches importance to the past glory.

A great historical painting is Zhang Zeduans picture of Qingming River.Now we have arrived at Qingming Shanghe garden. Please take your belongings withyou and get out of the car with me to enjoy this historical painting.

豫园，历来被称为城市山林，它诞生于四个半世纪之前的明代中叶，说它是城市山林，因为它坐落在繁华喧嚣的上海城市中心，清代江苏巡抚陶澎在道光六年(1820xx年)就为它题匾“城市山林”。豫园位于上海市中心城区黄浦区的上海老城厢东北部，北靠福佑路，东临安仁街，西南与豫园旅游商城、上海老城隍庙相连，占地面积2万余平方米(约30亩地)，门牌号码编在安仁街218号。豫园名列现存的上海五大古典园林之首，其余是嘉定秋霞圃、嘉定古猗园、松江醉白池、青浦曲水园。豫园是上海市中心城区唯一的古典园林，也是上海市唯一被公布为全国重点文物保护单位的中国古典园林。1959年被公布为上海市文物保护单位，1982年被国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位。中国古典园林是中华民族优秀传统文化的重要组成部分，豫园是上海地区最有代表性的中国古典园林，可谓上海名园之冠。

明代私家园林

明清两代，江南经济繁荣、物产富庶，官宦豪富、文人雅士纷纷营造私人园林，一时江南建私家园林之风盛行，各城市名园荟集，中国江南私家园林的精品亦大多集中于这个时期。著名的有苏州的拙政园、留园、网师园;无锡的寄畅园;扬州的个园、何园;上海的豫园;杭州的郭庄、刘庄、蒋庄等，为此赢得“江南园林甲天下”、“上有天堂、下有苏杭”的胜誉。

豫园所处的上海老城厢，是当时的上海县县治所在地。明嘉靖三十二年(1553年)四月，倭寇自海上屡屡来犯上海，两个多月内五次焚烧掳掠，知县仓惶逃遁，镇海卫指挥、县丞、镇抚皆被杀害，县衙遭焚，闾里成墟，死者盈路，惨不忍睹。于是邑人上书：“贼自海入，乘潮劫掠，如取囊中物，皆由无城之故。”决意筑城御倭，官府采纳，全城上下出钱出力，不到两个月便筑城完竣，当时便有潘恩撰写《筑城记》。此后，军民固守城池，倭寇侵犯终不得逞。正因此，日后潘恩家才能太太平平地在城内建园。这座高二丈四尺，城围九里的明城墙在老城厢矗立了三百六十年，直到民国元年(1920xx年)拆除，留下城西北大境关帝庙一小段(今人民路大境路口)，至今犹存，1959年与豫园同时被公布为上海市文物保护单位。

潘恩，字子仁，是当时赫赫有名的上海人，《明史》有其列传，死后赠太子少保，谥“恭定”。潘恩嘉靖二年(1920xx年)进士，官至刑部侍郎、刑部尚书、都察院左都御史，为官廉能正直，惩恶扬善，深得民心。他家中堂上对联“履富履贵履盛满，如履春冰;保身保家保令名，如保赤子”，则是他一生兢兢业业、洁身自好的写照。潘恩的家族是当时上海城里的名门望族，在老城厢梧桐巷、安仁里(现梧桐路、安仁街)一带居住，现梧桐路的明代建筑世春堂(今福佑路第一小学分部)是潘家仅存的旧居。

在上海县修筑城墙六年后的嘉靖三十八年(1559年)，潘恩的次子潘允端科场失意落榜归来，在自家住宅西面数畦蔬圃之上，聚石凿池，构亭艺竹，营造小园，聊以自娱，这便是豫园的始建。三年后，潘允端终于金榜题名，中了进士，自此沉浮宦海十多年，无暇顾及建园。日后，在他自己写的《豫园记》中说：“垂二十年，屡作屡止，未有成绩。”万历五年(1577年)，他从四川布政使任上辞归，这才一心一意营造园林，请园艺名家、堆叠假山高手张南阳为其设计营建，不断充拓扩大，逐步增添景物，积十余年之功，把余生的精力和财力耗费在修建园林上。正如他在《豫园记》中所说：“每发耕获，尽为营治之资”，“第经营数稔，家业为虚，余虽嗜好成癖，无所于悔”万历十八年(1590年)，终于建成一座规模恢宏、景色旖旎、盛名一时的私家园林，当时即被公认为“东南名园冠”、“奇秀甲于东南”，为后人留下一份弥可珍贵的文化遗产。