关于世界遗产长城导游词的作文四百字【通用16篇】 北京导游词经典20篇

北京的西山大觉寺导游词

大觉寺又称西山大觉寺，大觉禅寺，位于北京市海淀区阳台山麓，始建于辽代咸雍四年(1068年)，称清水院，金代时大觉寺为金章宗西山八大水院之一。下面由小编来给大家分享北京的西山大觉寺导游词，欢迎大家参阅。

北京的西山大觉寺导游词1

各位领导，大家上午好!

欢迎来到“千年古刹”大觉寺参观游览。

现在我们所在的位置是寺前广场，在进入寺院以前我先简单的介绍一下大觉寺。大觉寺原名普照寺，始建于唐贞观20_年。明朝时避更名为大觉寺。1360多年来，大觉寺与海丰塔，默默见证了唐、宋、元、明、清的盛衰巨变。

据专家评定，大觉寺文物价值极高。仅从建筑上来说，大觉寺主体建筑气势恢宏，工艺精巧，随着历史的变迁，与清代学堂的其他建筑已经浑然一体。现在，在大觉寺的原址上，人们能领略到的不单是盛唐以来的佛教文明，而且还有清代至民国的官办学堂，建国后苏联风格的建筑，历史的足迹清晰可辨。

佛教名称为“庆友尊者”，即《法住记》的作者。他记载了16位罗汉的姓名和出处，使罗汉影响逐渐流传。传说，古印度有个叫波旬的恶魔，煽动人拆寺毁庙，杀害僧人，劫掠佛经。龙王激于义愤，用洪水讨伐波旬，并将佛经藏于龙宫。后庆友降伏龙王，取回佛经，故称“降龙罗汉”。

北京的西山大觉寺导游词2

游客们：

大家好!欢迎来到“人间仙境、觉者天堂”的大觉山风景区。

大觉山风景区位于武夷山脉中段西麓，距离资溪县城仅 7 公里，东距武夷山风景区 130公里，面积是它的三倍、北距道教名山龙虎山 50公里，二者面积相当，并分享泸溪河的上下游。

“神奇、神圣”的大觉山风景区是资溪标志性的旅游品牌、神秘、抚州市首个国家 4A级景区，荣获“中国十佳旅游休闲景区”、“最佳国际休闲旅游名山”、“江西十佳新旅游景区”、称号。

20_ 年底，海南客商李启明先生投资创办大觉山景区。 景区总面积 204 平方公里，森林覆盖率达 97% 以上，分东西两大片。东区指尚待开发的马头山国家级自然保护区、我们现在所在的是西区，以迄今 1600余年的宗教文化特色为主体，以峰岩、索道、幽谷、峡谷漂流、森林景观为胜，新建成楼阁廊亭、人工项目，是一个集宗教朝圣、潭瀑、生态观光和娱乐休闲为一体的旅游风景区。

北京的西山大觉寺导游词3

我们来到了大名鼎鼎的大觉寺。 它坐落于海拔 1118 米的莲花山主峰大觉岩(天岩)中。大觉岩是一个天然巨型岩洞，外形犹如一只雄狮张开巨口、内部呈长方形，外高内低，宽近百米，深约 30 米，高约 9 米，可容纳约 20_ 人，洞之深廓，世所罕见。寺内建有大雄宝殿、观音殿、地藏王殿和祖师殿四个殿堂，塑有 40 尊佛像，并建有纯花木结构的禅室、厢房、。 现在大家看到的是最新改造后的大觉寺。

大家一定想知道大觉寺得名的由来吧。 相传东晋咸和元年(公元 326年)，杭州灵隐寺的一位禅师云游江南，来到大觉山，惊叹于山景的壮丽不凡和环境的清幽，决定在此修身弘法，最后圆寂于此，由此大觉山香火旺盛，千年不衰。禅师法名“大觉”，后人为纪念他，将岩洞更名大觉岩，寺庙更名为大觉寺，大觉山也由此得名。

大觉岩最早叫狮子岩。 传说古时候九只狮子来到这里，见风景绝佳便住下了。它们吃光了周边的野兽后要饿肚子，便商议只留下一只，其余的都走，但是谁也不愿走，于是开始争吵斗殴。弱者逃离了，只剩下一雄一雌两只狮子旗鼓相当，相争不下，恶斗七七四十九天，雄狮被打败，母狮也累得张着大嘴喘气。最后，母狮的身子变硬了，变成了一座大山，毛发变成了满山树木，翘起的尾巴变成了岩旁的大石笋，张大的嘴巴变成了如今的狮子岩。

大觉寺是观音菩萨的主道场，每逢观音菩萨三个节日，上大觉寺朝拜的信众络绎不绝，成为周边县市一个著名的宗教朝觐胜地。

北京的西山大觉寺导游词4

大觉山主峰周边有八座山峰依势而立形似莲花，拱卫着大觉主峰，称为“八地”，加上天湖、天岭、天桥、天泉、天岩、天街、天台、天廊、天界九个“天”字号的景点合称“九天八地”。此外，周边还有“百景观”，我介绍一些重点，其它的就不一一介绍了，大家自己去看，有景牌提示。

大觉寺内有终年充盈清澈的聪明泉(天泉)，据说小孩喝了能金榜题名、西施望月石、水帘洞、传奇的龙床洞、西施照镜石、寺庙大门口有威武的将军石，传说是范蠡的化身、姻缘亭、神秘石塔、周边有耸立的双烛石、吕洞宾读书洞、南天门、千年不老松、双乳峰、神龟问天、扇石、著名景点。

大觉岩上方、大佛山对面，依山建起了一座天台，为朝觐大觉者之地、天台上建起了一座悬空耸立的南天门，为天地之间的一道圣门，是游人必到之处。

姻缘亭位于莲花山最高处、南天门上方，为两层开放式亭阁，一根高 10.9 米象征天长地久的龙柱高高耸立，是情侣们的必游之地。

大觉寺东边的大佛山被誉为“天界”。 它海拔 1228 米，巍峨耸立，山体酷似佛身，一座高 108米的“大觉者”佛像将筑造其上，成为世界上最高大雄伟的室外佛像。 “大觉者”庄重静穆，气势恢弘，成为天人合一的象征。

大觉岩不仅是宗教圣地，而且一直是名闻遐迩的旅游胜地，被誉为“绝妙仙境之天下第一岩”。王安石、朱熹、都曾造访大觉山，还有文人雅士隐居这里，有诗为证：“雄伟壮观狮子岩，美妙神奇民间传、早闻鸟语钟鼓音，晚观日落朝佛声。日出阳光照仙洞，满寺香气扑鼻中、群山怀抱春常在，奇石异景在险峰。 ”

北京的西山大觉寺导游词5

游客朋友们，大家好!

欢迎来到“神山圣水、觉者天堂”大觉山风景区!

大觉山，源于佛教中的佛陀，指有觉悟的修行之人;是世界佛教与自然文化大公园。

大觉者，则是大觉大悟、达到最高修行境界的圣贤。

大觉山，国内首个以大觉文化为主题的景区，位于江西省东部、抚州市资溪县境内，武夷山脉西麓，主峰海拔1647米。景区总规划面积204平方公里，分为东区和西区。东区是以30万亩原始森林为核心的原始森林旅游区，西区是以宗教文化、峡谷漂流为主体的综合型旅游景区。景区森林覆盖率高达97.43%，空气中负氧离子平均每立方厘米达3万个，是天然氧吧、动植物基因库，被国家林业局定为华南虎野化放归基地。

大觉山天造地设，鬼斧神工，山水灵动，精美绝伦，天然诠释了大觉文化。峡谷飞瀑，千年古镇，亭台楼阁，奇山秀水与文化灵魂的完美融合，蕴含着宇宙玄妙之道。

大觉者峰耸立于层峦叠嶂、崇山峻岭之间，是大觉山的核心景观，状若大彻大悟的释迦摩尼。观世音佛像景观从容自然，天赐美景，隐藏着大自然无尽的神奇和奥秘……

大觉山旅游景区，利用独特的生态资源，邀请国内外著名旅游专家规划论证，结合高科技旅游文化理念，进行合理的项目开发。

在海拔300米至1200米之间打造摆渡观光车、独轨观光车与索道、隧道、游步道路线为一体，形成了30公里游览环线。在景区范围内乘坐环线旅游观光，串联起规划中的山顶寺庙及沿线崖壁景观。隐藏着山峰、湖泊、亭台、洞穴、轩阁。天湖、天路、天桥、天岩、天泉、天门、天台、天街、天界构成奇妙的“九天”景观;大觉山“九天”之下的莲花峰、神龟峰、笔架峰、翠屏峰、将军峰、文曲峰、叠罗峰、金刚峰等8座山峰拔地而起，构成“八地”景观。置身“九天、八地、百景观”，饱览全景，美不胜收，顿悟确实是“神山圣水，觉者天堂”。

各位旅客朋友们：

当您走进这座有着近千年历史的皇家园林，当您仰望美丽的白塔感受着人间仙境般的秀美，急于要走进园中去享受北海山水的时候，我建议您驻足留步，用您几分钟的时间，听我介绍一下北海公园的总体概况，为您的参观游览做一个导游。

北海公园是我国历史最悠久、保存最完整的皇家园林之一。这座拥有近千年历史的园林开发始于辽会同元年(公元938年)，金大定六年至十九年(公元1166—1179年)世宗完颜雍(yōng)又在辽初创的基础上建成一座规模宏大的皇家离宫—太宁宫。太宁宫沿袭中国皇家园林“一池三山”的规制，即北海和中海是太液池，琼华岛如”蓬莱”，团城为”瀛(yíng)洲”，中海犀(xī)山台似”方丈”。并将北宋汴京艮(gèn)岳御园中的太湖石移置于琼华岛上。至元四年(公元1267年)，元世祖忽必烈营建大都，将琼华岛及其所在的湖泊被划入皇城，赐名万寿山、太液池。永乐十八年(公元1420年)明朝正式迁都北京，万寿山、太液池成为紫禁城西面的御苑，称西苑。清朝承袭明代的西苑，乾隆七年至四十四年(公元1742—1779年)对北海进行大规模的改建，奠定了此后的规模和格局。

辛亥革命后，1925年北海辟为公园对外开放。新中国成立后，党和政府对北海公园的保护极为重视，拨巨资予以修葺，1961年被国务院公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位。

北海是中国历史园林的艺术杰作。全园占地面积69万平方米(其中水面面积39万平方米)，主要由琼华岛、东岸、北岸景区组成。

走过由汉白玉雕琢的永安桥、穿过堆云牌楼，您就来到了琼华岛。琼华岛上树木苍郁，殿宇栉(zhì)比，亭台楼阁，错落有致，白塔耸立山巅，成为公园的标志。走进永安寺的山门，拾阶而上您可以登上白塔。关于永安寺的壮丽景观我将在您到达时详细介绍。您走下白塔沿岛步行，你可以欣赏到又一些美景。西侧，那里有著名的“阅古楼”内存有三希堂法帖，它是享誉世界上最著名的书法作品集成。西北面被一组沿湖长廊所环抱，北面山坡上，可见到相传为秦汉时期的文物“铜仙承露盘”;东侧山脚下是琼岛春阴碑，它是老北京著名的燕京八景之一。“半月城”亦称般若香台，在东坡依山而建;下面是“般若香台牌楼”，过“陟山桥”折而向北就来到东岸景区。

沿湖建有北京目前历史最悠久的船坞;环湖的垂柳掩映着东岸的著名景点——濠濮间、画舫斋。濠濮间是一处马蹄形小山围成的水潭，在这座人工建造的皇家园林中现出它独特的野趣。由濠濮间向北就是画舫斋，著名的古树——唐槐就在其中，画舫斋以其宁静、幽雅的园林意境名扬中外。出画舫斋西门就可看到清代“先蚕坛”的大门。从先蚕坛北过桥向西而行就到达北岸景区。

北岸景区从东到西布满景点：东侧有静心斋——人称“乾隆小花园”、大西天景点有西天禅林喇嘛庙建筑群，“华藏界”牌楼、“天王殿”、金丝楠木建成的“大慈真如宝殿”、九龙壁等建筑;九龙壁西南是“快雪堂”“铁影壁”，再往西您就看到了北海五龙亭、阐(chǎn)福寺、小西天等众多著名景点。

从小西天极乐世界殿出来向南，可以从北海公园西门出园，也可乘游艇回到琼华岛由南门出园。北海园林博采众长，有北方园林的宏阔气势和江南私家园林婉约多姿的风韵，并蓄帝王宫苑的富丽堂皇及宗教寺院的庄严肃穆，气象万千而又浑然一体，是中国园林艺术的瑰宝。您每到一个景点游览，我都将伴随您，为您做更详尽的讲解。

“琼华岛”是北海的中心景区，四周碧水环绕，树木苍郁，殿宇栉比，亭台楼阁，错落有致，白塔耸立山巅，成为公园的标志。南面有永安桥连接团城。穿过堆云牌楼就是永安寺;永安寺始建于顺治八(1651)，初称白塔寺。乾隆六年(1741)改称永安寺并进行了大规模的扩建。

这里是永安寺的山门。根据佛教理论，寺院的第一座殿堂称天王殿。殿内供奉的是东，南，西，北四大天王。我们一起来看一下。怀抱琵琶的是东方持国天王，他可以增长人的善根;手拿宝剑的是南方增长天王，他可以保护佛法不受侵犯;手持宝伞的这位是北方的多闻天王，他可以保护人们的财富;这一位是西方的广目天王，他可以以其净眼观察世界。由于这四位天王手中所持法器不同，中国百姓习惯上称他们为“风，调，雨，顺”。预示着国家的五谷丰登，永安太平。

穿过山门，我们可以看到东面建有钟楼，西面建有鼓楼。过去，每当皇帝来此拜佛，钟鼓齐鸣，香烟缭绕，气象庄严。在钟楼上有一口大钟叫永安钟，如果您有兴趣可以亲自去敲响它。据说这是一口祈求天下太平的宝钟，敲钟三下，一定会给您带来一年的好运。

这个院落的正殿叫殿，是永安寺中最重要的一座大殿。它面阔五间，大殿的屋顶非常好看，为单檐庑(wǔ)顶，屋脊中间是一个琉璃小塔，旁边是二龙戏珠的浮雕。造型精美。龙是中国的象征，据说龙能潜入海底，飞上高空。没有人亲眼见过龙，但是龙的形象被世代相传。

进入大殿，释迦牟尼端坐正中。他是古印度人，出生于公元前565年，是佛教的创始人，在他的两侧是八大菩萨和十八罗汉。这个殿的设计思想很特殊，是根据乾隆皇帝的意愿安排的。释迦牟尼象征着皇帝本人，其他佛像则代表文武百官。

走出殿，迎面我们可以看到许多台阶。永安寺里一共有三组台阶，它们分别是36，54，72。都是9的倍数。为什么呢?因为永安寺是一组皇家寺院。

登上36级台阶是龙光紫照牌坊，牌坊代表着皇权至上。龙光紫照牌坊建于1751年，设计精美，为四柱三楼式建筑，绿琉璃瓦覆顶。正面额曰“龙光”背面为“紫照”，为木质阳文，是牌坊中等级较高的，也是中国古建筑的典范。

在牌坊两侧东面是引胜亭，西面是涤蔼亭，每个亭内各立有石碑一块，分别刻有“白塔山总记”和“塔山四面记”，碑文分别采用汉，满，蒙，藏四种文字雕刻，记载了北海名胜及北海历史，皆为乾隆御笔。乾隆是清朝一个颇具文采的皇帝，在他统治期间，进行了长达30年之久的扩建和修葺，兴建了许多新的亭台殿宇，使得北海布局更加协调统一。

在亭子前面，摆放着两块奇特而峻峭的石头，分别树立水波纹石座上，东为昆仑石，西为岳云石，石上刻的字都是乾隆御笔。昆仑，岳云在我国古典园林中分别代表三山五岳，在这里则表示名山大川的美景在琼岛被体现，使琼岛更像是一处人间仙境。

昆仑，岳云石后面还有一组由太湖石堆叠而成的楞伽(lénɡɡā)窟。它建洞两层，内供石雕佛像13尊。洞内绘有精美的壁画。

在石窟的上面有两个小亭子，可以供游客休息和观赏四周景色。

从山洞穿行而过，现在我们来到了正觉殿门前。正觉殿是永安寺的第二重山门。它建于1651年。迎面我门可以看到大肚弥勒佛，在大肚弥勒佛的后面还有一位威武的将军，那就是韦驮。他手中拿着一根金刚杵(chǔ)，用来驱赶妖魔鬼怪。

穿过正觉殿，现在我们来到了永安寺的第二个院落，院落中的正殿称普安殿。

向西是静憩轩，环境优雅，意为得以安静休息之轩。是乾隆皇帝到永安寺拈香时休息读书的地方。穿过静憩轩，我们来到悦心殿，悦心殿即悦目赏心之殿。这组建筑建于清顺治八年(1651年)，乾隆皇帝经常在此处理政务和召见官员。殿内梁枋沥粉贴金，华丽异常，正中设置有九龙宝座和鹿端、象驮宝瓶等吉祥之物。上方有“正大光明”匾额。两侧是皇帝休息和读书的地方。

从这里返回，普安殿内供奉的是密宗黄教的佛像。慈祥端座于正中的这位便是黄教的创始人宗喀巴大师。殿前东，西各有一个大铜轮叫转经桶。它来源于西藏，是寺院所特有的。这种转经桶不论大小都藏满了经书，转动一圈就等于将里面所有的经文都念过一遍。您有兴趣不妨试一下。但请大家一定要注意，转经桶的转动是有方向的，一定要顺时针转动。这里是喇嘛诵经为皇帝祭祀祈祷的地方。

穿过普安殿的后门，我们现在就要登上白塔了。见到白塔就要知道白塔的由来：1644年，明朝覆灭，清军入关，建都于京。1651年，为民族和睦，在广寒殿的废址上建藏式白塔，因此这座白塔也是我们这个多民族国家民族团结的象征。白塔位于琼岛制高点。塔高36米，全部为砖木结构，由塔基、塔身、宝顶三部分组成。白塔四周有汉白玉石栏环绕，塔基为砖石须弥座，座上为三层圆台，中部塔肚为圆形，最大直径14米，上部称为“相轮”，也称“十三天”，顶部为铜铸镏金华盖，上面有地盘、天盘、日、半月、火焰。在塔身正面是一幅由藏文、动物及花草组成的图案，寓意吉祥。此处俗称“眼光门”，也称为“时轮金刚门”。塔身周围设有306个通风孔，以防塔内木料潮湿糟朽。

白塔前面有一座琉璃小殿，称善因殿。它是一座仿木结构的琉璃建筑。为双重檐，上圆下方，两层殿顶象征天地。精巧华丽。殿内供大威德金刚佛像，据说是北京的保护神。这尊佛像为牛头人身，造型威武凶悍，颇有除恶务尽之概。殿周围四壁上还镶有小琉璃佛像455尊。

善因殿是北海制高点，被誉为京城最佳观景点。站在这，京城美景尽收眼底。向南眺望，的秀丽景色尽收眼底，东南面的故宫在阳光的.照射下更显得金碧辉煌。向北眺望，我们还可以欣赏到公园北岸的五龙亭。北岸景区

游客朋友们：你们来到了北海最为精美的园中之园——静心斋。

静心斋最初名镜清斋。始建于乾隆二十一年(1756年)，俗称乾隆小花园。这座花园是著名的园林造景专家样式雷设计建造的，是举世闻名的园林精品。园内壮丽的殿宇、幽静的书斋、嶙峋(línxún)的怪石、开敞的亭子、深邃的古洞和茂盛的古树在这有限的空间内组成了一座美丽的园林。当时还修建了一条从到静心斋的长达1公里的铁路，当年慈禧太后来静心斋游玩时就由太监拉着火车到这里来。这可能是中国第一条铁路。

这里是花园的主要建筑——镜清斋，它得名于四周的水池中象镜子一样的池水。镜清斋正门座北朝南，一明两暗为三大开间，前出廊后出厦，苏州式彩绘，雍容气派。进入大门，院子四周被建筑封闭，隔水相望是镜清斋的正殿。室内设有御座，金玉满堂。乾隆皇帝所题匾额“不为物先”出自《史记·太史公自序》“不为物先，不为物后”。是道家“无为”的主张。是指他不与万物争先后，顺应形势来成就功业。

这里有清朝的代表性家具，它们看上去闪闪发光是因为上面镶嵌了贝壳。在大殿的两侧各有一个大瓶子叫“百子瓶”，在瓶子的四面分别有一副瓷画，上面描绘有100多个男孩玩耍的情景，它代表皇帝大富大贵，多子多孙。

在镜清斋的后面，“沁泉廊”坐落水中。它位于全园的中心，左有曲桥为径、右有“玉带”相通、后有怪石为屏。在沁泉廊下有一个梯形的滚水坝，水从这里流过象泉水一样，故此得名。水中有金鱼游弋，平添了许多乐趣。

在镜清斋的东面有三重院落，院内奇石点景，绿竹成林，松柏苍劲，四季如春。这正面的三间是皇帝的书房——老子曰“见素抱朴，少私寡欲”故取名“抱素书屋”。乾隆皇帝用道教的思想为此书屋命名。他十分喜欢这座按照自己意志建造的园林，经常来此游玩并让皇太子在此读书，现在这里陈设着书案及文房四宝。这里到处是清澈湖面，乾隆皇帝曾以“临池构屋如临镜”的诗句，寓意“以镜子般的池水映照自己的心灵和品格。”他的诗句不仅仅是自我警示，也像后人说明他是一位克己严格、廉洁清明的君王。这是乾隆为“镜清斋”取名的寓意所在。

东屋两间名为“韵琴斋”，因为在当时这里有一个小小的瀑布，水流过的声音如抚琴一般，故此得名。坐在韵琴斋内打开南侧山墙的小窗，您可以看到太液池和白塔美丽的景色。这立体的画面被框在小窗之中，给人以“碧(壁)出仙(鲜)境”的感觉，在窗外设“碧鲜亭”。

沿抱素书屋后廊东行，即为焙茶坞，焙茶是指茶农将新鲜茶叶进行烘烤、焙干的过程，这是中国南方特有的风景，这座建筑是根据乾隆皇帝到江南游览所见的情景而建成的。这里是皇帝品茶的地方。

此园处处是精美的画面。这水面上的两座精美小桥，也属别具一格的佳作。一座是东面这座是汉白玉的小玉带桥，两侧还各有一个麒麟，小石桥精雕细刻，玲珑奇特;一座是西面的木栏曲桥，这两个小桥不仅连接了南北交通，还起到了分割水面的作用。在山石顶端的八角小亭是枕峦亭，它象一朵莲花盛开。这一山、一水、一池、一屋都恰到好处地点缀和美化了静心斋的整体环境，这座小园子曾经在1984年英国利物浦国际园林节上获奖。

桥的东侧池边山石层层叠叠，如云如画将罨画轩托起，罨(yǎn)画轩内的匾额题为“标青”。意思是从罨画轩内平视前方，树梢呈现一片绿色，给人以春意盎然之感。这里有一个对联“一室之中观四海，千秋以上验平生”其含义是皇帝坐在罨画轩里，心中却装着整个国家;眺望浩淼的水面和远处的白塔，面对自己得做为，浮想联翩。意在赞颂皇帝的丰功伟绩是“青史明标”，将万古流芳。

当您走在廊上时会有步移景换的感觉，沿假山上的半壁廊，即可到达叠翠楼。它是全园最高的建筑。是慈禧太后在1885年挪用海军军费修建的。匾额也是慈禧所提，从楼上可以观看四周景色和市井民风。从叠翠楼东侧沿廊而下可进入迷离的山洞。请看这座宏伟的假山，它是静心斋的主要景观，一些山石连接在一起，一些山石排列成曲折的样子，形成了了一个整体。当冬天大雪降下，这些山石就象是片片白云一般。

静心斋浓缩了中国古典园林之精华，在不足一顷之地，建造了辉煌的殿堂、静雅的小室、精巧的叠石、开阔的亭子、小桥、泉瀑、山洞、树木，所有这些都和谐统一，呈现出四季景色。静心斋是一座美丽的园林。同太液池相比，您是否觉得这座小园林更幽静和安详。

各位团友们：

Hello!

我是来自鄂尔多斯市东胜区溜达旅行社的导游，我姓郭名巨宝，欢迎和我一起参观宏伟的万里长城。

现在，我们的汽车正在向八达岭景区驶去，在我们的前面的那座山就是军都山，著名的万里长城就蜿蜒盘旋在这座山上。

好了，现在我们已经来到了你们梦寐以求来参观一次的万里长城。

大家请看我左手边的条石，单看这些数不清的条石，一块就有着两三千斤重，那个时候没有汽车，火车和起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步的扛上这陡峭的山岭，那么大家试想一下，多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城。

在明朝的时候，大规模的修筑长城，就达到了18次之多，到了明朝末年才基本完工。

在月球上的宇航员，从月球上发回报道说，在月球上看到的地球上的建筑物，只有咱中国的万里长城，这可是一大奇迹。

大家请看那边的那块石头，那可不是普通的石头，那是慈禧太后逃命的时候，站在这块石头上回望京城，所以，它可不是一块普通的石头——望京石。

现在大家解散活动，自己游览参观长城，注意两个小时后在我这里集合，还有，不要破坏长城。

各位团友们，时间到了，快来我这里集合，边走丢了，我们要回去了，希望你们玩的高兴、快乐。

各位游客大家好!我是导游小李，欢迎大家来到周口店猿人遗址公园参观。

周口店北京猿人遗址就位于这个公园内。您知道这里的历史吗?1920___年中国古生物学家裴文中在北京市房山区周口店龙骨山发现原始人类牙齿、骨骼和一块完整的头盖骨。于是，考古学家开始在这里发掘，发现了距今约60万年前的一个完整的猿人头盖骨，定名为北京猿人，这里就被称为北京猿人遗址了。

请各位游客随我进入公园，我们首先将参观的是周口店遗址第一地点，又称“猿人洞”。这里原是一个天然的石灰岩溶洞，北京猿人在这里陆续生活了20万年至40万年。北京猿人的遗骨、遗物、遗迹和洞顶塌落的石块和洞外流入的泥沙等，在洞内一层又一层充填起来，形成巨厚的堆积层(共分13层)。可是，在发掘前，该洞穴就已坍塌，成为堆积物上部的大角砾和岩块。您走到这里，有没有感受到远古的气息呢!

接下来，请大家自由参观“周口店第一地点”周围的五、七、八地点，它们是1920___年被发现的。在这里考古学家们出土了第一个北京人头盖骨化石，以及人工制作的工具和用火痕迹。

现在我们来到的是鸽子堂，这个地方的名字是根据鸽子比较喜欢在这里栖息而得来的。鸽子堂曾经是北京人制造石器的场所。他们把一块块石器加工原料，打制成砍砸器，用来砍砸木柴或木棒。他们还把不同的石片，加工成刮削器，用来加工狩猎用的棒棍，或者把脉石英制成尖状器，用来割剥兽皮，挖剔兽肉。

最后我们进入的是北京猿人遗址公园的博物馆。在这里，您可以看到猿人遗址公园的平面图以及北京猿人和各种原始动物的化石。大家看这件展品，您能想到北京猿人它们还会做一些首饰吗?还有,他们还会做“针”呢!不过是骨针哦。看到这些您会不会感叹于原始人的智慧呢?小朋友们在这里还可以参与高科技的互动游戏，你们一定会玩很开心的!下面就请大家自由活动吧!

各位游客，大家好!我是河南油田虹桥旅行社的殷导游。今天由我来带着大家游览长城。

游客们请注意了。我们正前方就是长城。远看长城，它像一条长龙在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。长城全长一万三千多里。

游客们，现在我们站在长城上，那就让我来给大家讲一下长城的结构吧!这一段长城修筑在八达岭上。八达岭地势险峻。可长城却是高大坚固。城墙外沿有两米多高的垛子，垛子上有方形的瞭望口和射口。大家看!这座方形的堡垒。打仗时屯兵们可以相互呼应。

站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。不知道大家听说过孟姜女哭长城这个传说没有：相传秦始皇时，劳役繁重，青年男女范喜良、孟姜女新婚三天，新郎就被迫出发修筑长城。不久因饥寒劳累而死，尸骨被埋在长城墙下日复一日，年复一年。孟姜女既着急又担心。日子一天比一天冷。孟姜女身背寒衣，历尽艰辛，万里寻夫来到长城边，得到的却是丈夫的噩耗。她痛哭城下，三日三夜不止，城为之崩裂，露出范杞梁尸骸，孟姜女于绝望之中投海而死。这个故事体现了古代劳动人民的智慧和才干。

今天我们就参观到这，请大家把自己的垃圾装到塑料袋里，带走。希望今天成为您美好的回忆。

Dear tourists, we are now here to Tiananmen Square, the largest city centersquare in the world, with an area of 440000 square meters. Moreover, thegeographical location of Beijing in the world is determined by the longitude andlatitude of the square (east longitude: 116 ° 23 ′ 17 ″, north latitude: 39 ° 54′ 27 ″),. It is located in the center of Beijing and has been watching thehistorical changes of Beijing since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, it wasonce called chengtianmen square. There was a T-shaped square. Of course, it isno longer there. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Tiananmen Square. Afterthe revolution of 1911, Tiananmen Square became the best gathering place formass movements. The famous May 4th movement, the 129 student movement and so ontook place here. The most famous event here, I believe you all know, was thefounding ceremony on October 1, 1949, when 300000 people gathered here tocelebrate the founding of new China. After liberation, the T-shaped square wasdemolished and large buildings such as the monument to the peoples heroes, theGreat Hall of the people, the history museum and the revolutionary museum werebuilt. In 1976, after the death of the president, the memorial hall of thepresident was built on the original position of the Chinese gate, thus formingthe architectural pattern of the square today. In the 50th anniversary of thenational day, Tiananmen Square has undergone a series of renovation, making thesquare more beautiful, spectacular and clean. You must be looking forward to theTiananmen Square I described. It doesnt matter. I will introduce it to you oneby one in the next tour.

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, it was called Chengtian gate.It was just a wooden archway, which means "to carry out the transportation fromheaven, to be ordered by heaven". However, it was burned down in the MingDynasty. Later, the city building with nine wide faces and five deep faces wasbuilt, which truly reflected the emperors respect of 95. But at the end of MingDynasty, it was destroyed again. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the QingDynasty, after the reconstruction of the city tower, it was renamed Tiananmen,the other three imperial city gates were renamed daian, and the three mainhalls of the Forbidden City were renamed daihe, which reflected the good wishesof internal and external security. This is what we are looking at now. It iscomposed of three parts: the foundation, the platform and the tower. The base iswhite marble xumizuo, which is the highest level base in ancient China, with aheight of 1.59 meters. The platform is 14.6 meters high. And the double eaves ofthe city tower rest on the top of the mountain, which was also the highest levelof the temple roof at that time. The whole building is 33.7 meters high. After70 years of renovation, it has risen by one meter.

This is a very high-grade building, and its role is also very important. Inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties, whenever there was a national ceremony, theceremony of "Jinfeng imperial edict" was held on the city tower. After theimperial edict was announced, a wood carved Golden Phoenix was put on the yellowsilk thread machine. The Golden Phoenix carried the imperial edict down thewall. The officials of the Ministry of rites caught it with a cloud tray, andthen put it into the Dragon Pavilion to praise the Ministry of rites, and thenpromulgated it. )And whenever the emperor went out of the palace to sacrifice,this was the only way. The most important moment for new China was also bornhere. The chairman solemnly announced the founding of new China on the TiananmenGate Tower, and personally angered the first five-star red flag of new China.The portrait of the chairman on the city floor is replaced every year before thenational day.

The river in front of Tiananmen tower is called Jinshui River. Then why isit called Jinshui River? Because this river is drawn from the northwest ofBeijing, and in the Yin Yang and five elements, the West belongs to Jin and theNorth belongs to water, so this river is named Jinshui River, and the sevenwhite jade bridges on the river are Jinshui bridge. The two bridges next to themare called Gongsheng bridge, which correspond to the Taimiao temple and thesheji altar, which are now the Cultural Palace of the working people andZhongshan Park. The one in the middle is the royal road bridge, which isspecially used by the emperor and queen. The two bridges beside it are royalbridges, which are used by the royal princes. The two bridges beside them aregrade bridges, which can only be passed by officials above grade three.

In front of Jinshui bridge, there is a stone lion on the left and right.The one on the left is the master, and the one on the right is the lioness. Howcan we tell the male from the female? Because the male masters foot is on thehydrangea, while the female lion is the cub. Now in order to protect thecultural relics, the lions have been fenced up. There were a pair of Huabiaobefore and after Tiananmen Square. In fact, the original name of Huabiao was FeiMu. It was set up by the emperor to show that he could accept and acceptopinions, and gradually evolved into todays Huabiao. The monster at the top ofit is called Hou. The one on the North China watch is called wangjunchu, whichmeans to let the emperor go out of the palace to observe the peoples feelings.The one on the south end is called wangjungui, which means that the emperorshould not be nostalgic for the world outside the Palace, but should go back tothe palace in time to deal with government affairs.

Now please turn back. Behind us is Tiananmen Square. In the Ming and QingDynasties, it was T-shaped, with a north-south royal road in the middle. On bothsides of the royal road, there were Qianbu corridor, with 110 corridors on bothsides. On the south side of Changan Street, with the red wall extending to theEast and West, there were 34 corridors, so Qianbu corridor had 228 corridors. Atthe southernmost end of the imperial Road, damingmen was in the Ming Dynasty,but it was changed to daqingmen in the Qing Dynasty; The gates on the East andwest sides are Changan left gate and Changan right gate, which are also calledLongmen and Humen respectively. After the scientific examination, Huang Bangannounced in the left gate of Changan that the Jinshi in the examination wouldenter the imperial city from here, so they are called Longmen. The reason forHumen is that after the frost falls every year, the imperial court has toexamine the prisoners, and the prisoners who are examined and approved are takenout of the right gate of Changan, which is tantamount to falling into thepalace Hukou is called Humen. These are all related to the five elements.

In ancient China, there was a saying of "wendongwuxi", so on the East andwest sides of qianbulang is the location of Wufu Liubu. On the east side of thesquare, the area around the present history museum is basically the centralcivilian organs, while on the west side, that is, the area around the Great Hallof the people, are the five army governors office and the secret service royalguards. In order to facilitate these officials to enter the Imperial City, anorth-south gate, donggongsheng gate and xigongsheng gate, were built outsideLongmen Humen.

Now we cant see the trace of that time. Instead, we have modern buildingswith more historical significance and political characteristics.

On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the people. It startedconstruction in October 1958 and lasted for one year. It was completed beforethe National Day in 1958, covering an area of 171800 square meters. The wholebuilding is like a "mountain". The highest point in the center is 46.5 meters,which is the highest building in Tiananmen Square. The great hall is dividedinto three parts: in the center is the auditorium of the ten thousand peoplesCongress, with a total area of 36000 square meters and 10000 seats. There is ahuge red five pointed star on the top of the auditorium, giving off 70 to 70rays of light. The decoration layout of the whole dome is not only magnificent,but also a symbol of the unity of the people around the Party Central Committee;in the north is the banquet hall, with a total area of more than 7000 squaremeters, which is the largest banquet hall in China; In the south is the officebuilding of the National Peoples Congress, which includes the conference hallsof 37 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the centralgovernment, such as Chongqing hall, Hong Kong hall, etc.

In the northeast of the square is the Museum of the Chinese revolution,which was officially opened to the public on July 1, 61. The main exhibits arerevolutionary materials since the May 4th movement, and the contents of theexhibits in the museum are extremely rich. Southeast of the square is theChinese history museum. Its predecessor is the Beijing History Museum. In 26, itwas changed into the National History Museum. Four years later, it was changedinto the Beiping History Museum of Academia Sinica. In April 34, it was changedinto the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum and the Beiping HistoryMuseum. Its exhibits cover more than 300000 pieces of cultural relics, coins,pictures, etc. with thousands of years of history from the slavery society ofXia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty.

Facing the Tiananmen Gate Tower is the monument to the peoples heroes.According to the resolution of the first plenary session of the Chinese peoplesPolitical Consultative Conference in September 49, the monument to the peoplesheroes was built in Tiananmen Square. More than 240 design schemes werecollected from the whole country, and three schemes were selected. Finally, itwas decided that Liang Sichengs design scheme should be taken as the main one,and the other three schemes should be integrated. Thats what we see today.52.8.1 was officially built, completed in 58.4 and ceremoniously unveiled in5.1. The 100 ton core stone was transported from Qingdao to Beijing. After aseries of processing and carving, the finished product is 14.7 meters high, 2.9meters wide, 1 meter thick and weighs 60 tons. The body of the stone is composedof 413 pieces of granite. The base of the stele is composed of more than 17000pieces of granite and white marble, covering an area of more than 3000 squaremeters.

The front of the monument faces Tiananmen Square and is inlaid with goldplate. The chairman wrote "the peoples heroes are immortal". On the back is a158 character inscription drafted by the chairman and written by Premier Zhou(over the past three years, the peoples heroes who died in the peoplesLiberation War and the peoples revolution are immortal) Over the past 30 years,the peoples heroes who died in the peoples Liberation War and the peoplesrevolution are immortal, which dates back to 1840 years. Since then, in order tofight against internal and external enemies, strive for national independenceand peoples freedom and happiness, the peoples heroes who died in previousstruggles are immortal. There are eight reliefs around the pedestal, 2 metershigh and 40.68 meters long. From the East, the order is: Humen tobacco, thedestructed opium, the Wuchang movement, the 54 Movement, the May 30 movement,the Nanchang uprising, the Anti Japanese War, and the victory across the river.On both sides of the victory crossing, there are two decorative patterns, whichare: supporting the front line and welcoming the peoples Liberation Army. Thereare 180 characters in all the reliefs.

To the south of the monument to the peoples Heroes is the chairmansmemorial hall. The construction of the memorial hall started on November 24,1976, and it took only six months to complete. Officially opened on the firstanniversary of the chairmans death. In front of the north gate of the memorialhall are two groups of clay sculptures, both of which are based on revolutionaryepics. The South Gate of the main building is to inherit the will of thepresident and show the confidence of the people of all ethnic groups. The 30 redflags outside the South Gate represent 30 provinces and autonomous regions inChina. The platform foundation of the memorial hall is built with jujube redgranite from the Dadu River. Around the foundation stone are stones from MountEverest and water from the Chinese Taiwan Strait. The main building of the memorial hallis composed of three parts: one enters the stele hall, facing a three meter highstatue of the chairman, where commemorative activities are held; one enters fromthe golden Phoebe gate on the south side of the North Hall, where the chairmansbody is placed; the South Hall is on the south side of the hall, where thechairmans poem "Manjianghong" is engraved. On the East and west sides of thethree halls are the rest hall and the memorial room of the old revolutionary.Now the memorial room of Deng Xiaoping has been added.

Behind the chairmans memorial hall is the main gate of the inner city,Zhengyang gate. In the past, Zhengyang gate was the tallest building in thecountry, which meant that the LORD was in the sun, the sun was in the sky, andall nations were looking forward to it. Now its the only complete preservedtower and arrow tower in Beijing.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traffic hub between Xicheng andNancheng was Qipan street. Now it is probably located in the square between thechairmans memorial hall and Zhengyangmen tower.

In fact, Tiananmen Square also has a very famous landscape, which is theflag raising and flag lowering ceremony. Tens of thousands of people come towatch the ceremony every day. Zeng Liansong, the designer of Chinas nationalflag design, is the first national flag maker. This super large national flag ismore than 5 meters long and 3 meters wide. At the founding ceremony, thepresident personally raised this national flag, which symbolizes the birth ofnew China.

The original flagpole base of Tiananmen Square was closed, which made itinconvenient to raise and lower the flag, and the equipment was old. So the newbase and flagpole were rebuilt on February 25, 1991. The plane of the new baseis three layers. The first layer is made of white marble, and there arepassageways all around. The second layer is reddish brown granite, whichsymbolizes the red of the people. The third layer is green belt, whichsymbolizes the prosperity of the socialist motherland. In addition, there are 56golden copper separation piers around, which symbolize the unity of 56nationalities hand in hand and heart in heart under the national flag.

The new flagpole is made of seamless steel pipe made by Shougang. It isdivided into four sections, weighing 7 tons and 32.6 meters high. It will notrust in 20 years.

The flag raising and lowering ceremony should be held on the first day ofevery ten days or important national celebrations, and the flag raising andlowering ceremony should also be held on other days. Every day, the time ofraising the flag is based on sunrise, and the time of lowering the flag is basedon sunset. The national anthem is played. During festivals, the military bandplays live, while at ordinary times, the recording is played. If you areinterested, you can also watch this important landscape at your convenience.

亲爱的游客朋友们：

大家好，我姓兰，是你们的导游，你们可以叫我兰导。欢迎大家来到北京游玩，我们今天将要去世界文化遗产之一的长城游览一番。

我们的目的地到了。现在，请各位抬头看，这就是我们要游览的长城。远看长城，它像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。你们知道吗，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里。登上长城，城墙上铺着十分平整的方砖，像宽宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行通过。墙是齿形的，凹进去的是瞭望口，墙是垛子，下面的正方形小口是射击口。每隔三百多米就有一个方形的烽火台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗期间，烽火台可以互相呼应。

你们知道长城的修建持续了多少年吗?告诉你吧，修建长城花了两千多年。从公元前7世纪楚国筑“方城”开始，到明代共有20多个诸侯和封建王朝修筑过长城。其中，秦、汉、明三个朝代修长城的长度都超过了5000千米。把所有朝代修长城的加起来，总长度超过5万千米。当时没有机器，而且一块条石就有两三千斤重，就靠着那无数的肩膀无数的手，抬上这陡峭的山峰。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才把这“前不见首，后不见尾”的万里长城修完。为什么要建长城呢?因为建起了长城，就不被外族侵略了。

大家知道长城的象征意义是什么吗?它是我们中华民族古老文化的丰碑和智慧结晶，象征着中华民族的血脉相承和民族精神。

好了，现在大家可以自由活动了。请大家要爱护环境，不要乱扔果皮纸屑，不要到危险地地方游玩，以免受伤。

今天游览到此结束，欢迎大家再来这个“前不见首，后不见尾”的万里长城来游玩。

谢谢大家!

各位亲爱的游客：

大家好!我是你们的导游——朱导，现在您所乘坐的汽车是通往中国第一名胜和中国旅游点的代表——长城。

长城，是中华民族文明的象征，是华夏儿女的骄傲。它纵横交错，绵延起伏于中国辽阔的土地上。东西相距长达5000多公里，因此被称为万里长城，是月球上“唯一能看得见的人工工程”。美国前总统里根曾赞叹道：“长城是世界上最伟大的传奇之一，确实令人鼓舞。人们在上面爬坡都感到吃力，可以想象当年建造长城时需要什么样的智慧和力量。”下面就让我们一同去感受长城的雄伟吧。

这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的?望口和射口，供?望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔300多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。关于长城，它还拥有一个感人的爱情故事，秦朝时期，有个女子名叫孟姜女，一天，她在自己家里的葡萄架下发现一个名叫范喜良的人，是逃难的，因为当时秦始皇为了修筑长城，到处抓壮丁做劳工，孟姜女把范喜良救了下来，并结为夫妻。成亲那天，范喜良被抓到长城去做工了。孟姜女一路吃了不少苦头去寻找丈夫，却听到长工们说：“已经死了，尸首已经填了城脚了!”猛地听到这个噩耗，孟姜女痛哭起来，整整哭了3天3夜，天昏地暗，天地感动。天越来越沉，只听到“哗啦”一声，一段长城被哭倒了，露出来的正是范喜良的尸首。

长城，用“举世无双，独一无二”来形容它，一点也不过分。今天，就让我们怀着“不到长城非好汉”的心态登上它，领略它的雄伟、壮观。

北京的最后一天，我们来到了元、明、清，三朝的最高学府---国子监。

国子监整体坐北朝南，中轴线上分配着集贤门(大门)、琉璃牌坊、辟雍、彝伦堂、敬一亭。东西两侧有四厅六堂，构成传统的对称格局。上轴线上还有一扇太学门， 国子监和现代大学一样，都是教书的，为什么不叫‘大学门’，而叫‘太学门’呢?因为国子监的地位比大学要高一‘点’所以叫‘太学门’。那么为什么地位 不一样?这里教书的人不是别人，而是当代的皇上。而这里教出来的人最低也能当个县令，高一点还能当 状元呢! 国子监那么大，学生又那么多，皇上一个人坐在国子监中间的宝殿内，四面八方 围满了学生，古代又没有扩音器，学生们怎么听得见呢?听导游讲，原来在宝殿的门站着一文一武两位官员，他们负责把皇帝说的话一字不漏的重一遍，每隔一段就有两个这样的官员，这就是那时候的‘扩音器’。

想一想，在古代连皇帝的学生都只能拥有这样的教学条件，现在的科技这么发达，我们的学习、生活条件这么好，我们没理由不好好学习。我一定要通过自己的努力把我们的未来建设的更加美好!

亲爱的游客朋友们，现在我们乘坐的是巴士四号汽车前往北京，观赏世界历史文化遗产之一——长城。很荣幸成为大家的导游。如果有什么问题，可以请教我。大家下车后一定要记住我们的车牌号，按规定时间返回。祝大家旅行愉快。

现在我先给大家介绍一下长城吧!长城是修筑在陡峭的山岭之间，它从东头的山海关一直修筑到西头的嘉峪关，全长共有一万三千多公里。它是中华人民力量和智慧的结晶，它是中华民族即将腾飞的巨龙的象征。游客们，我们的车已经停到八达岭上了。请看正前面有一块(儿)石碑，上面有八达岭几个红字，大家可以把它拍下来，做为一个到八达岭的留念。

游客们，我们来到了长城的脚下。请大家低头看看脚下，它是由一块块灰色的巨砖砌成的，十分平整，五六匹马也可以并行。让我们抬起头来，长城就像蜿蜒的巨龙卧在连绵起伏的崇山峻岭之间雄伟壮观。八达岭长城共有六个烽火台。烽火台共有三个门，其中中间一个最大，它的上面有许多小方块围成的一个正方形。古代时，在那里点火，表示那里有危险。这些烽火台可以在两至三个小时之间将情报传到数千里以外的地方。烽火台分两层，上层是眺望台，下层是士兵吃饭和睡觉的地方，可见烽火台在当时的军事中着多么重要的作用啊!

游客们，再往下走我们就到“好汉坡”了，“好汉坡”是指只有好汉才能登上的险坡，是八达岭的必经之路，让我们go!

经过好汉坡，就到峰顶了。游客们，当我们站在峰顶看看这前不见头，后不见尾的巨龙的时候，真为我国古代劳动人民的无比智慧感到自豪和骄傲吧!

我们的长城之旅到此为止，希望大家有时间还来长城，也希望我的讲解能给大家留下深刻的印象!byebye!

天坛位于北京市崇文区在永定门内大街路东。原是明清两代皇帝祭祀皇天上帝的场所，始建于明永乐十八年 (1420 年 ), 以后经过不断的改扩建，至清乾隆年间最终建成。天坛占地达 273 万平方米主要建筑有祈年殿、圜丘、 皇穹宇、斋宫、神乐署、牺牲所等。1918 年辟为公园。

天坛东西长1700米，南北宽1600米，总面积为273万平方米。天坛包括圜丘和祈谷二坛，围墙分内外两层，呈回字形。北围墙为弧圆形，南围墙与东西墙成直角相交，为方形。这种南方北圆，通称“天地墙”，象征古代“天圆地方”之说。外坛墙东、南、北三面均没有门，只有西边修两座大门——圜丘坛门和祈谷坛门(也称天坛门)。而内坛墙四周则有东、南、西、北四座天门。内坛建有祭坛和斋宫，并有一道东西横墙，南为圜丘坛，北为祈谷坛。

天坛中的祈年殿是一座宏伟而又极具民族风格的独特建筑，鎏金宝顶三层出檐的圆形攒尖式屋顶，覆盖着象徵“天”的蓝色琉璃瓦，层层向上收缩。檐下的木结构用和玺彩绘，坐落在汉白玉石基座上，远远望去，色彩对比强烈而和谐，上下形状统一而富于变化。

神乐署、斋宫都是祭坛的附属建筑，是祭祀大典的服务用房 , 故斋宫、神乐署都是坐西向东，其建筑规格、瓦色、装饰彩画均逊于天坛的祭祀建筑，强烈地表达了中国古代的 " 敬天 " 思想。天坛有 3500 余株古松柏、古槐 , 树龄逾数百年。坛庙在中国古代被誉为国家的 " 万世不移 " 之基故中国古代对坛庙植树极为重视明永乐年间初建北京天地坛时即 " 树以松柏 " 取 " 尊而识之 " 的寓意以后历朝陆续补植 , 至清朝中叶形成颇具规模的天坛古树群落。大量的古松柏分布于圜丘、祈年殿等祭祀建筑周围，苍翠的古树与古老的建筑、茵茵的绿草共同构成了天坛庄重肃穆、静谧深远的环境氛围。

从明永乐十八年 (1420 年 ) 北京天地坛初建成时开始，天坛作为皇帝祭祀皇天上帝的专用祭坛的历史一直延续了 490 余年，1920xx年爆发的辛亥革命结束了中国两千余年的封建帝制，也结束了贯穿中国历史达五千年的祭祀史，专用于为皇帝祭祀服务的天坛从此 " 任人游览 ",1918 年民国政府将天坛辟为公园，实行售票开放。1951 年北京市政府组建了天坛管理处，1957 年天坛被列入北京市第一批古建文物保护单位。1961 年被国务院列入第一批全国重点文物保护单位。1998年11月，被列入《世界遗产名录》。

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center ofBeijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of HeavenlySuccession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, andserved as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative andresidential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections ofthe Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at thetop of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book ofChanges, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supremestatus of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where stateceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing ofimperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall ofSupreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister wouldthen carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hallvia Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragonpavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), toTian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil andmilitary officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower wouldprostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decreeto the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box andlower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally becarried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry ofRites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the wholecountry.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued byGolden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most importantpassage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through ontheir way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’sPark), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park wasformerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offeringsacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the greatpioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the SupremeAncestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer GoldenRiver),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these sevenbridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of theemperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridgesflanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family andwere therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each sideof the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and werenamed Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for theuse by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( commonBridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the eastand the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meantas sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They areelaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao maybe traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention toone of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a woodenpillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it wasoriginally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and nowit serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendaryanimal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He wasdoing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside thepalace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for theircomplaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were giventhe names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant forimportant occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behindthe main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the governmentwaiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperialadministration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrumthe founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has beenthe symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the centralentrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples ofthe World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitorsfrom all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the publicfor the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square andthe city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for publicgatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history andis a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day onMay 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center,a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacityof 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers arenamed after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directlyunde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different fromthe other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the ChineseRevolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese Historyhouses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process ofChinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st centuryBC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for therevolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1,1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monumentas made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple pieceinlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in thecountry. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it isan artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinesecharacters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to thePeople’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by ChairmanMao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of suchflowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, andfortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting theChinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’sLiberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplyingthe Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passedaway on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum beganto be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the followingyear. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

北京红墙酒店得天独厚的地理位置深受众多国内外宾客的青睐;故宫、景山公园、北海公园、天安门广场、国家大剧院、著名的王府井大街、前门步行街、黄城根遗址公园、北大红楼(五四新文化运动发祥地)、老北京四合院、胡同等著名景点、建筑、商业区环顾四周近在咫尺，为全世界的宾客观光北京带来了诸多便利。

酒店拥有 14000平方米的建筑面积，具有中国古典特色庭院式中式房间、以及西式装修风格的各类房间，深受不同风格客人的喜爱。房间内提供小酒吧、日用消费品、免费宽带上网、免费保险箱、电影点播等设备设施。

Hello，欢迎来到我们的旅游集团，我是你们忠诚的导游，我姓陈，大家可以叫我陈导，很荣幸能为大家服务。

游客们，我现在来到了一条“长龙”的面前，它就是---长城。它从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，全长一万三千多里呢!游客们，你们听了是不是目瞪口呆了?走到长城上你会更大吃一惊，想去吗?那就­­Let，s go!

亲爱的游客们,现在我们来到了“龙”的背上，这条“龙”是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，它的背十分平整，像很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。你们看，城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的瞭望口和射口，是瞭望和射击用的。游客们，国家之间打仗时，我们就站在“龙”的背上，“砰砰、啪啪”把敌人扫得落花流水。白旗投降，那可是爽极了。

各位团友，我们眼前一前一后两座高大的建筑就是钟鼓楼。钟鼓楼坐落在北京南北中轴线北端，即今天的东城区地安门外大街，是全国重点文物保护单位。两楼前后纵置，气势雄伟，巍峨壮观，占地约13000平方米。

钟鼓楼是钟楼和鼓楼的合称。在古代，钟楼和鼓楼通常建造在城市中心地带，作为报时和聚众议事的工具，还有另一种，建于宫廷内，做报告时间和朝会时节制礼仪之用。钟鼓楼各地都有，但从某种程度上说，在元明清三朝，北京的钟鼓楼相当于每日发布标准“北京时间”的国家授时中心，是钟鼓楼中的“权威”。

元代鼓楼在大都中心，原名齐政楼，取齐七政(日、月、金星、木星、水星、火星、土星)之义，其位置在明清鼓楼以西，今旧鼓楼大街南口。明永乐十八年营建北京城，重建钟鼓楼。据谈迁《北游录》记载，清顺治十一年(1654年)，钟楼和鼓楼毁于火灾，乾隆时重建，嘉庆五年(1820xx年)重修。1920xx年，“八国联军”入侵京师时，钟鼓楼上文物遭到了破坏，建筑幸免于毁。民国年间钟鼓楼对外开放，民国十三年(1920xx年)将鼓楼改为明耻楼，第二年复改为齐政楼。1957年钟鼓楼被列为北京市级文物保护单位。1984年政府拨款重修钟鼓楼，1987年和1988年鼓楼和钟楼相继开放，随后作为展览功能的文物建筑得到了保护和利用。1996年，钟鼓楼被列为全国重点文物保护单位。

大家在看西方的电视剧或者电影的时候，经常可以看到高大的尖塔式钟楼，上面有一面巨大的机械钟。每到整点或者半点自动报时。中国早在宋朝时候，宫廷内就有了以水流作为动力的自动报时的机械钟，当时叫做水运仪象台，主要作用是观测天文，但是，由于这种技术被皇室垄断，无法普及，终于导致技术失传。所以，中国古代的城市报时装置还是使用青铜钟。钟楼建筑高大，所以钟声可以传的很远，把时间告知这个个城市。

而鼓楼在城市中的作用一般是聚集众人议事，当有重大节日或者战争时候，也用来聚集民众。此外，古代城市中夜晚是实行宵禁的，禁止一切商业活动和娱乐活动。每到傍晚，鼓声敲响，商贩们便开始收摊，铺面也纷纷打烊，待到第二天早上五点敲完亮更鼓以后，人们才开始新一天的生活。

大家一定都很想知道，钟楼和鼓楼都是怎么工作的呢?那就随我一起来探索吧„„

清代原规定钟楼昼夜报时，乾隆后改为只报夜里两个更时，而且由两个更夫分别登钟、鼓楼，先击鼓后敲钟。其计时方式按古人将一夜分为五更来计算，每更为一时辰，即现在的两小时，19点为定更，21点为二更，23点为三更，1点为四更，3点为五更，5点为亮更。钟鼓楼每到定更先击鼓，后敲钟，提醒人们进入睡眠，二更到五更则只撞钟不击鼓，以免影响大家睡眠。到了亮更则先击鼓后敲钟，表示该起床了。击鼓的方法是先快击18响，再慢击18响，共击6次，共108响。撞钟与击鼓相同。

20xx年岁末的午夜11时57分，北京鼓楼沉寂了近百年的群鼓再度被敲响——25位年轻鼓手表演了《二十四节令鼓之冬》乐章(鼓谱的作者是中央民族乐团打击声乐部首席朱啸林先生)，鼓声持续3分钟，到20xx年元旦0 时结束。鼓楼从20xx年元旦起，正式对外开放。每天将四次击鼓，每次15分钟。

距离我们较近的这一座就是钟楼(北面那一座)，它是老北京中轴线的北端点。原址为元大都大天寿万宁寺之中心阁。明永乐十八年(1420xx年)建，后毁于火。清乾隆十年(1745年)重建，十二年后竣工。其楼身为正方形平面，重檐歇山顶，无梁式砖石建筑。屋顶为黑琉璃瓦绿剪边，正脊两端安背兽，两层屋檐的戗脊上均安狮子为首的五跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单。

翘单昂五踩斗拱，是我国现存唯一的无梁拱券式全砖石结构的大型单体建筑，也是中国古代建筑中将建筑与传声巧妙结合的杰作。楼身四立面相同，当心开一拱券门，左右对称开券窗，窗上安设石刻仿木菱花窗。内部结构采用复合式拱券，除主体拱券之外，还于围护墙体中设有环路通道。基座为汉白玉须弥座，周围环以汉白玉栏杆。楼身之下为砖砌城台，城台上四面有城垛。台身四面开券门，内部呈十字券结构，东北隅开门，内有石阶七十五级供登临。钟楼原有明永乐年间铸造的铁钟一口，置放于楼外平地上，后由古钟博物馆收藏。钟楼内正中位置安架一八角形木框架，其上悬钟。该钟铸造于明永乐十八年，钟通高7.02米，最大直径3.40米，重约63吨，为目前我国发现最重的铜钟，被誉为“古钟之王”它是研究古代冶金史和大型青铜器物铸造技术的重要实物。钟楼正南为一座与围墙相连的三联大门，中门内为清乾隆十二年(1745年)重建钟楼碑一通，螭首方座，碑首题额《御制重建钟楼碑记》，碑阳为经筵讲官户部尚书梁诗正奉敕敬书碑文，碑阴为民国十四年(1920xx年)十月京兆尹薛笃弼书的《京兆通俗教育馆记》碑文。

钟楼后面(南面那一座)是鼓楼。鼓楼总占地面积约为7000平方米。南侧门前有石狮子一对，高约1.25米。  鼓楼，初名齐政楼，建于元至元九年(1272)，明永乐十八年(1420)重建，现存建筑为明嘉靖年十八年(1539)所建.楼高46.7米，，为重檐三滴水木结构楼阁建筑，通高46.7米。楼身有上下二个功能层和中间的一个结构暗层，平面面阔五间，进深三间，外带周围廊;城台(下层)外显面阔七间，进深五间，内部为拱券结构，前后各有三座券门，左右各一券门，南门前有一对石狮。楼台东北隅有一门，门内有石梯69级，由此登临。鼓楼屋顶为灰筒瓦绿琉璃剪边重檐歇山式，正脊两端安背兽，平坐周围以木制滴珠板封护，下层檐为四坡屋顶，各层屋顶戗脊上曾置狮子为首的五跑小兽，现为仙人为首的七跑小兽。上层檐下施重昂五踩斗拱，下层檐下施单翘单昂五踩斗拱，平坐下施重翘五踩斗拱。室内方砖漫地，外檐装修采用六抹方格格扇门窗。上层室外环楼有走廊，设木栏杆，四角支撑有擎檐柱。鼓楼二层内原有主鼓一面，群鼓二十四面，代表代表一年二十四个节气，清代的群股如今仅存一面主鼓，鼓高2.22米，长2.25米，腰径1.71米，鼓面直径1.40米，已残破不堪，并在鼓皮上留有侵华日军用刺刀捅破的刀痕;有木制鼓座，鼓座为红油漆上雕云纹，高1.8米，长2米，宽1.9米。1988年依据旧主鼓复制两面新鼓;后又依据清嘉庆年间的史料记载仿制主鼓一面，鼓高2.40米，鼓面直径1.60米，二十四面小鼓高1.60米，鼓面直径1.12米。

从前在鼓楼上还有用于计时的“铜刻漏”，可惜早已遗失。据文献记载：“鼓楼之铜刻漏制极精妙，故老相传，以为先宋故物，其制为铜漏壶四：上曰‘天池’，次曰‘平水’，又次曰‘万分’，下曰‘收水’„„口安挠神，设机械，时至，则每刻击铙者八，以壶水满为度。涸则随是增添，冬则用火温之。”当年鼓楼击鼓报时，有一定的规律。每晚7时“定更”，击鼓两通，共108声，以后，每个 更次都击鼓两通108声，直至五更(晨5时)击最后的“亮更”鼓。击鼓也有一定的节奏，至今，北京仍流传着“紧十 八，慢十八，不紧不慢又十八”之说。

鼓楼以漏刻计时，击鼓定更;从元朝到清朝，钟楼撞钟报时的历史延续了652年。1920xx年后钟楼，鼓楼成为京城民众教育及娱乐场所。曾一度名为“明耻楼”，展有八国联军在北京屠杀和抢掠的图片、实物和模型。现在，为了传承古老民族文化精华，钟鼓楼文物保管所已完成了铜刻漏的仿制及二十五面定更鼓的复制。再现了“漏刻计时、击鼓定更、撞钟报时”的恢弘历史画面，精心仿制的 铜刻漏可生动演示古代计时与报刻;每日定更的击鼓表演，每年新旧交替的撞钟活动，吸引越来越多的中外游客走进钟鼓楼。 钟鼓楼之上还是鸟瞰北京古都风貌最好的地方，您可以在这里好好欣赏一下北京城。

各位游客，关于钟鼓楼的讲解到此就暂告一段落了，谢谢大家。

龙庆峡风景区位于延庆县城东北15公里处(古城村)，距市区80公里。龙庆峡既有南方的妩媚秀丽，又有北方的雄浑壮观，春有百花，夏有凉风，秋有红叶，冬有冰灯，四季风光无限，被人们称誉为“塞外小漓江”、“中国小三峡”，“幽峡流碧”更被誉为新北京十六景之一。

龙庆峡水库大坝外侧两山壁立，遮天蔽日，终年不见阳光，夏季平均气温比市内低6.4 摄氏度，是京郊避暑胜地;而冬季气候寒冷，结冰期长达4个月，每年都举办冰灯艺术节。

龙庆峡水面长14华里，乘船游览仿佛在欣赏一轴徐徐展开的山水画卷，有镇山如来、钟山、凤冠岛、东大寨、月亮湾、鹊桥石等30余个景观，碧水青天，翠屏开野，山环水复，别有洞天。

近年来先后开发了百花洞景区、神仙院景区;增设了惊险、刺激、安全的蹦极、飞降和比翼滑道，为方便广大游人乘船和登山远望，还修建了258米的腾龙电梯和465米的登山缆车。

古称神峰列翠、古城九曲。辽、金、元三代是皇家避暑行宫和园林，据史书记载，元仁宗皇帝 孛儿只斤爱育黎拔力八达诞生于此，他在1320xx年登基后，将当时的缙山县升为龙庆州，今“龙庆峡”可志其渊源。又据州县志上记载，这个地方早在920xx年前，曾是辽萧太后居处，当时殿阁楼台建在绿障翠屏之间，桃红柳绿，溪鸣鸟啼。一代女杰萧太后曾称曰：“斯境胜地，天地间共有几乎?”萧太后的历史地位足可以为这深峡险壑平添许多古风幽情。而明清以来，这里就已成为旅游胜地，官僚政客，名人雅士，吟诵龙庆峡的诗篇比比皆是，不乏精品。至元代，爱育黎拔力八达诞生在这里的香水园，他当皇帝后称自己的出生地为龙州。水面海拔570米。

龙庆峡自1984年开放旅游，迄今，已接待了上千万中外游客，其中包括、李鹏、刘华清、陈慕华等党和国家领导人，及塞舌尔总统等外国友人，来此光临的风云人物，题词题字，以志纪念。

1998年，龙庆峡加盟北京控股公司，作为“北京十六景”之一的龙庆峡，又开始了它新的时代......

各位女士们、先生们大家早上好：

很荣幸能当你们导游，我叫匡妍瑾，大家可以叫我小妍，如果大家有什么问题，可以来问我。

我们这次去的景点就是长城了。

大家看，我们今天去的世界着名遗产之一长城像不像一条龙?他在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋，我们现在站在山脚下，你们看上去，可能只有几千多里，实际上，他有一万三千多里。我们现在登上去看一看吧!大家来看，多么气魄雄伟的长城展现在了我们的眼前，瞧!我们脚下踏着的就是方砖，现在让我们来扶着墙上的条石，走一段路，大家感觉到了什么?对，以前的劳动人民多么辛苦，她们把自己的智慧和血汗都献给了长城，我们一定要好好珍惜现在的长城，长城是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有方形的了望口和射口，供了望和射击用的，城墙顶上，每隔三百多里就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。

大家知道关于八达岭的故事和长城的传说吗?八达岭的那个故事的题目叫《千金一笑》：周朝有个国君叫周幽王，他有个美女叫褒姒，她的脾气很怪，总是不笑，幽王就想办法。于是，他点燃了求救信号(烽火)，结果，引得诸侯白来一趟，可褒姒却哈哈大笑，幽王也很开心。可是，真有敌人来进攻的时候，幽王点燃了烽火，却不见人来，幽王就被敌人杀死了。

长城的传说也很好听，名叫《孟姜女哭长城》：孟姜女哭长城的故事，是我国古代着名的民间传说，它以戏剧、歌谣、诗文、说唱等形式，广泛流传，可胃家喻户晓。相传秦始皇时劳役繁重，青年男女范喜良、孟姜女新婚三天，新郎就被迫出发修筑长城，不久因饥寒劳累而死，尸骨被埋在长城墙下。孟姜女身背寒衣，历尽艰辛，万里寻夫来到长城边，得到的却是丈夫的噩耗。她痛哭城下，三日三夜不止，城为之崩裂，露出范喜良尸骸，孟姜女于绝望之中投海而死。从此，山海关被后人认为是“孟姜女哭长城”之地，并在那里盖了孟姜女庙，南来北往的人们常在这儿洒下一掬同情之泪。

现在，故事和传说都听玩了，我们可以自由玩耍，记住1小时以后，我们在这里集合，注意，不要乱扔垃圾。

长城英文导游词范文

到长城旅游还是有着很多外国人的，所以你需要准备英文的导游词，下面第一范文网小编为大家带来了长城英文导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

长城英文导游词范文

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

万里长城导游词400字

尊敬的先生们，女士们，小朋友们，你们好!我们将要游览的是壮丽的万里长城。我是你们的导游。万里长城是我国重点文物保护单位，在1987年12月被列入世界遗产名录,这是中国人的骄傲和自豪.

毛主席说过:"不到长城非好汉."是啊!长城是中国民族的象征,身为中华儿女怎么能不来游览一番呢?

古时候有孟姜女哭倒长城的动人传说:勤劳聪明的孟姜女为了寻找被官兵捉去修长城的丈夫,千里迢迢来到长城下,经过打听,却知丈夫已被活活累死!听到这晴天霹雳,孟姜女伤心地在长城下一连哭了三天三夜.只听"轰隆"一声,8百里长城倒下了.游客们,这是一个多么动人的故事啊!

万里长城凝结了千千万万劳动人民的血汗.是中华民族智慧的结晶.长城像巨龙盘旋在群山中,那磅礴的气势,闻名世界.

我们此时正站在八达岭长城上,踏着脚下的方砖,扶着墙上的条石.单看着数不清的条石,一块有两三千斤重,那时没有火车,汽车,没有起重机,就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手,一步一步地抬上着陡峭的山岭.游客们,看着这些,我们没有理由不想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来.他们的智慧不得不让我们敬佩!

万里长城到处都是雄伟壮丽的景象,说也说不尽,下面就请大家慢慢游览吧!

长城导游词

大家好，我是今天的导游，我姓薛，大家可以叫我薛导游，今天大家游览的地方是长城，俗话说得好：“不到长城非好汉。”今天，就让我们登上长城做好汉吧!

北京长城如同一条条沉睡的金色的巨龙，静卧在崇山峻岭之间，保卫着祖国伟大的毛主席，这天安门广场，就像龙身上的一片片鳞甲;这一个一个巨大的堡垒，好像龙身上的麟，秦统一六国以后，秦始皇发动一百八十万民工，将各个长城连接成了万里长城。

中间还有一个故事：古时候是用泥和热水来粘成的，现在我们面前的就是好汉坡了，登上了它们就是好汉了!我们扶好鉄扶手，我们向前吧!

从北京出发，不过一百里就来到了万里长城的脚下，这一段长城修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固，是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙顶上铺着方砖，十分平整，像一条条很宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行。这气魄雄伟的工程，在世界历史上是一个伟大的奇迹!

今天的旅游就到这里结束了，希望大家下次再来观看这万里长城，看看我们中国这样气魄雄伟的奇迹呀!

清代著名的皇家园林。康熙四十八年(1709)，康熙帝(即清圣祖玄烨)将北京西北郊畅春园北一里许的一座园林赐给第四子胤禛，并亲题园额“圆明园”。雍正三年(1725)，雍正帝(即清世宗胤禛)在圆明园南面增建宫殿衙署，占地面积由原来的六百余亩扩大到三千余亩。此后，圆明园不仅是清朝皇帝休憩游览的地方，也是他们朝会大臣、接见外国使节、处理日常政务的场所。乾隆帝(即清高宗弘历)即位后，在圆明园内调整了园林景观，增添了建筑组群，并在圆明园的东邻和东南邻兴建了长春园和绮春园(同治时改名万春园)。这三座园林，均属圆明园管理大臣管理，称圆明三园。

圆明三园面积五千二百余亩，一百五十余景。其中最著名的有上朝听政的正大光明殿，祭祀祖先的安佑宫，举行宴会的山高水长楼，模拟《仙山楼阁图》的蓬岛瑶台，再现《桃花源记》境界的武陵春色。一些江南的名园胜景，如苏州的狮子林，杭州的西湖十景，也被仿建于园中。长春园内还有一组欧式建筑，俗称西洋楼。圆明园还是一座大型的皇家博物馆，收藏着许多珍宝、图书和艺术杰作。

咸丰十年(1860)8月，英法联军攻入北京。10月6日，占领圆明园。从第二天开始，军官和士兵就疯狂地进行抢劫和破坏。为了迫使清政府尽快接受议和条件，英国公使额尔金、英军统帅格兰特以清政府曾将英法被俘人员囚禁在圆明园为借口，命令米启尔中将于10月18日率领侵略军三千五百余人直趋圆明园，纵火焚烧。这场持续了两天两夜的大火，将圆明园烧成一片废墟。

同治年间(1862～1874)，同治帝准备修复圆明园,供慈禧太后居住。后因财政困难，被迫停止,改建其他建筑。1900年，八国联军侵入北京，圆明园又一次遭到破坏。清朝覆灭后，一些军阀、政客、官僚，纷纷从圆明园盗运建筑材料，圆明园遗址遭到进一步破坏。

中华人民共和国成立后，国家十分重视圆明园遗址的保护。1979年，圆明园遗址被列为北京市重点文物保护单位。之后，圆明园遗址的整修工作逐步展开。

康熙二十八年(公元1688年)玄烨下令在清华园旧址上建造了面积达六十公顷的畅春园，他每年的大部分时间都在那里避喧听政，清代帝王园居生活自此开始。但畅春园的地位并没有维持多久，就被后来的圆明园所取代。

畅春园周围，有许多明朝遗留下来的私家园林，清初时收归内务府奉宸院后，就把这些前明私园分赐给清皇室成员和王公大臣。康熙四十八年(公元1709年)，圆明园就是作为藩赐园赐给了康熙帝第四子胤祯的一座明代旧园。并由康熙帝御笔亲题了“圆明园”匾额。这座世界名园，就从这一年开始了它从无到有，由盛到衰的历史。胤祯就是后来的雍正皇帝，他对于所得到的这座赐园，是非常引以为荣的，对康熙所题“圆明”二字的意义，他在《圆明园记》中做了这样的解释：圆明意志深远，殊未易窥，尝稽古藉之言，体以圆明之德。夫圆面入神，君子之时中也。这里的“圆”，大意是“圆满、周全”的意思，而“明”字则解释为“明达、明智”之意，所以，起名“圆明园”无非是统治阶级标榜自己品德修养与才思智慧都超出常入而已。康熙皇帝题名也表达了他对皇子的期望。

圆明园的位置在挂甲屯的北面，距畅春园约一里多路，即今北京大学的北边，清华大学以西。康熙时代的圆明园，里面有前湖、后湖等水面，其内建有“牡丹台”、“天然图画”等园景。当圆明园还是一座藩赐园的时候，它的规程是不能超过皇帝的畅春园的，所以建的景不多，名声也不大，远远比不上畅春园。可后来随着主人的登基，清王朝的太平盛世到来，在其60多年陆续扩建中，终于建成了中国有史以来最宏伟的皇家园林。

大家好!我是来自莞英旅游团的导游，我姓王，大家可以叫我“小王”或“王导”。

我们来到了长城脚下，大家看到这些方砖了吗?它们一块有三千公斤重，也许你们会问“古代劳动人民怎么运上八达岭呢?”告诉你们吧，就靠着他们的无数的肩膀无数的手抬上来的，关于长城有这么一个传说——冰道运石，当初，修建长城时，需要成千上万块长2米、宽0。5米、厚0。3米的石条，工匠们在黑山将石条凿好后，却没有人抬得起，车拉不动，且山高路远，无法运输，大伙儿边凿石条边发愁：“眼看冬天就要来了，石条还没有运出一块，若要耽误工期，没有工钱是小，这脑袋就难保了!”

大家正长吁短叹，这时，忽然山顶一声闷雷，从天飘下一张锦旗，写着“冰道”二字，大家恍然大悟，按旗行事。等冬季来到后，众人从山上往长城修一条路，在上面泼水，立刻结成冰道，然后把石条放上去滑行，非常顺利地运输走。以上是冰道运石的故事，可见劳动人民多么具有智慧，剩下时间大家自由参观吧!

大家好!我是你们的导游-夏乐帆。

今天，我带你们去的地方是北京故宫。

北京故宫是明清两代皇家宫殿，旧称紫禁城，总面积约70平方千米。

北京故宫是一座长方形的城池，城外大约50米宽的护城河。

让我们走进故宫游览吧。

注意，不要破坏公物，也不要随处乱扔垃圾。

走进故宫，那扇大红色的门与我们现在的门实在不一样。

门上有许多金黄色的钉子，一共有九九八十一个。

故宫里的门，钉子数量越多就越高贵。

进了故宫，映入眼帘的是太和殿。

太和殿也叫金銮殿，是举行大典礼的地方。

大家看一看太和殿周边的墙壁，有许多龙头，雕刻得栩栩如生，惟妙惟肖。

这些龙头是用来排积水的，也就是现在的排水口。

每当下雨时，就能看到“千龙吐珠”的壮观景象。

太和殿前的三层汉白玉石阶非常显眼。

石阶中间是刻着龙的玺彩画。

玺彩画由一块大大的汉白玉调成的，长16米，宽3米，重大200吨，这就是“云龙石阶”。

石阶上雕刻的九条凌空飞舞的巨龙，高高凸起，姿态不一，栩栩如生。

巨龙身下是万朵云彩。

殿旁，有两口满满的大缸，名叫太平缸，是用来灭火的。

因为古时候，人们冬天时经常上山砍柴，在家烧火取暖，所以容易发生火灾。

看，古时候的人们考虑得多么周到啊。

大家是否注意到，故宫里一棵树也没有!这是为什么呢?一是皇帝为了防止有人藏在树上射杀他;二是害怕刺客躲在林间刺杀他;三是为了故宫高贵的气质。

北京故宫建于1420xx年，1420xx年建成。

建成后，常遭焚毁，总是在重建。

我们现在看到的故宫其实是清朝时重建的。

故宫除了太和殿，还有中和殿、宝和殿等。

游客们，请你们尽情参观吧。