关于世界遗产长城导游词的作文四百字【通用16篇】 北京导游词(精彩20篇)

北京，中华人民共和国首都、中央直辖市、中国国家中心城市，中国政治、文化、教育和国际交流中心，同时是中国经济金融的决策中心和管理中心。北京位于华北平原北端，东南与天津相连，其余为河北省所环绕。北京有着3000余年的建城史和850余年的建都史，是“中国四大古都”之一，具有一定的国际影响力，其最早见于文献的名称为“蓟”。北京荟萃了自元明清以来的中华文化，拥有众多名胜古迹和人文景观，是全球拥有世界文化遗产最多的城市。北京也为华北地区降雨最多的地区之一。历史悠久的国际高等大学北京大学、清华大学也坐落于北京。

北京是全球拥有世界遗产(6处)最多的城市，是全球首个拥有世界地质公园的首都城市。北京旅游资源丰富，对外开放的旅游景点达200多处，有世界上最大的皇宫紫禁城、祭天神庙天坛、皇家花园北海、皇家园林颐和园和圆明园，还有八达岭长城、慕田峪长城以及世界上最大的四合院恭王府等名胜古迹。全市共有文物古迹7309项，99处全国重点文物保护单位(含长城和京杭大运河的北京段)、326处市级文物保护单位、5处国家地质公园、15处国家森林公园。世界文化遗产：故宫、长城、周口店北京人遗址、天坛、颐和园、明十三陵。世界地质公园：北京房山世界地质公园。国家级风景名胜区：八达岭―十三陵、石花洞。中国历史文化名街：国子监街、烟袋斜街。中国历史文化名镇：密云县古北口镇。中国历史文化名村。门头沟区：斋堂镇爨底下村、斋堂镇灵水村、龙泉镇琉璃渠村。

西周时成为周朝的诸侯国之一的燕国的都城。自金朝起成为古代中国首都中都。自元代起，开始成为全中国的首都。明朝自成祖后开始对北京进行大规模扩建，明朝时期北京成为第一个汉族王朝的首都。清朝在延续明北京城的基础上又进行了一些修缮和扩建。至清末北京成为当时世界上最大的城市。北京有着3000余年的建城史和859余年的建都史。自秦汉以来北京地区一直是中国北方的军事和商业重镇。1860年，英法联军打进北京;1920xx年，八国联军再次打进北京，美丽的北京城受到了非常严重的破坏和洗劫，大量文物被侵略军和坏民劫掠。1920xx年辛亥革命后，民国元年1月1日，中华民国定都南京，同年3月迁都北京，直至民国十七年中国国民dang北伐军攻占北京，张作霖败回东北，北洋政府下台。民国伊始，北京的地方体制仍依清制，称顺天府。

直至民国三年，改顺天府为京兆地方，直辖于中央政府北洋政府。这一时期，北京新建了有轨电车系统，和一批现代的文化教育机构，如清华大学、燕京大学、北京大学、辅仁大学、协和医学院等。1937年七七事变后，北平被日本占领。伪中华民国临时政府在此成立，且将北平改名为北京。1945年8月21日，入侵北京的日本军队宣布投降，重新更名为北平。1949年1月31日，中国人民解放军进入北平市，实现对北京的解放。同年9月27日中国人民政治协商会议第一届全体会议通过《关于中华人民共 和国国都、纪年、国歌、国旗的决议》，北平更名为北京。1949年10月1日，中华人民共和国中央人民政府在北京宣告成立。

北京城不仅汇聚了世界上著名的五大宗教(道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、基督教、天主教)，而且这五大宗教建筑和文化也各有特色。比如，现在我们行驶的朝阜路上，短短几公里，就聚居了四个宗教(朝阳门外的东岳庙、东四清真寺、隆福寺、广济寺、历代帝王庙、白塔寺)的建筑，而在北京宣南地区，以北京建城纪念柱为中心的周边地区，可以说聚集了五大宗教的许多著名活动场所。这些场所有：佛教的天宁寺、法源寺、长椿寺;道教的白云观;基督教珠市口教堂;天主教宣武门教堂(南堂);伊斯兰教牛街礼拜寺;这种“宗教文化区”在世界大城市中是罕见的，体现了东方“和”的文化氛围，体现了北京城市文化的独特魅力，体现了中华民族的伟大凝聚力。

北京是座千年古都，历史上，因长期处于中原与北方民族的交汇处，故而曾融合了众多民族的文化、习俗与语言。久而久之，便产生出了富有本地特色的北京风俗习惯。例如集吃喝玩乐于一体的北京庙会等。

北京的传统节日形式多样、内容丰富，是中华民族悠久历史文化的一个组成部分。从这些流传至今的节日风俗里，可以清晰地看到古代人民社会生活的精彩画面。特色的节日如龙庆峡冰灯艺术节、香山红叶节、白云观庙会、东岳庙庙会等。

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center ofBeijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of HeavenlySuccession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war.When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, andserved as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative andresidential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections ofthe Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at thetop of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book ofChanges, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supremestatus of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where stateceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing ofimperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall ofSupreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister wouldthen carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hallvia Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragonpavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), toTian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil andmilitary officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower wouldprostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decreeto the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box andlower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally becarried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry ofRites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the wholecountry.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued byGolden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most importantpassage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through ontheir way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’sPark), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park wasformerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offeringsacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the greatpioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the SupremeAncestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer GoldenRiver),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these sevenbridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of theemperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridgesflanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family andwere therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each sideof the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and werenamed Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for theuse by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( commonBridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the eastand the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meantas sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway.In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They areelaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon.Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao maybe traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention toone of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a woodenpillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it wasoriginally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and nowit serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendaryanimal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He wasdoing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside thepalace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for theircomplaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were giventhe names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”(Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant forimportant occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behindthe main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the governmentwaiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperialadministration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrumthe founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has beenthe symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the centralentrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples ofthe World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitorsfrom all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the publicfor the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square andthe city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares(109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for publicgatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history andis a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day onMay 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center,a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacityof 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers arenamed after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directlyunde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different fromthe other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the ChineseRevolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese Historyhouses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process ofChinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st centuryBC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for therevolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1,1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monumentas made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple pieceinlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province.It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in thecountry. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it isan artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinesecharacters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to thePeople’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by ChairmanMao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of suchflowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, andfortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting theChinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’sLiberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplyingthe Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passedaway on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum beganto be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the followingyear. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

尊敬的游客们：

大家好!我是来自卓越旅行团的姜x。大家可以叫我“小润”或“姜导”。我很荣幸能够成为大家的导游。俗话说“居庸之险不在关，而在八达岭”。今天，我就带大家去一睹八达岭长城的真面目。

长城位于北京市，它有一万三千多公里。本来是为了抵御敌人的攻击而建造的，而现在国家的军力很强，所以长城就成了一处景点。你们看，长城很宽，它能容纳5、6匹马并肩同行，一点儿都不挤。它不仅宽阔，几千年下来，也毫发未损，非常的坚固。

请低头仔细看一看我们脚下踩得砖头，游客们，它们平均有两三千斤重。请你们仔细想想，在一个没有起重机的年代，它们是怎么做到的呢?它们靠着无数的人民，靠着一双双手一砖一瓦的砌成的。朋友，您一定会感到震惊，毕竟长城是他们的劳动和智慧的结晶啊!

游客们，抬头看看那巨大的烽火台，它是当年屯兵的堡垒。它们两两之间相距100多米，上面的狼烟是士兵们的专属信号，当时没有手机这种通讯工具，就靠放狼烟来通知其他士兵。

关于修筑长城，民间流传着这样一个故事：孟姜女哭长城。在故事里，一个名叫范喜良的男子与孟姜女幸福地生活在一起，但好景不长，一天，一些官兵抓走了范喜良，说是要让他去修建长城。孟姜女见丈夫迟迟不归，就出去打听他的下落。一个路人告诉着急的孟姜女：“他不幸累死了，被其他人埋在长城下面。”孟姜女难过极了，噙着泪水，一步一步走向长城。她再也忍不住了，嚎啕大哭起来，整整哭了三天三夜，那眼泪把一段长城冲垮了，范喜良的尸骨露了出来。于是，孟姜女背上丈夫的尸骨，回家去了。

关于长城，我大部分已介绍完毕。剩下的时间请大家尽情游玩，3小时后原地集合，感谢大家的支持。

女士们、先生们：

我叫王溦嘉，大家叫我小王就行了。今天有幸陪同大家一道参观，我感到很高兴。这里就是闻名世界的故宫博物馆，简称为故宫，就是昔日的皇家宫殿。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，又称为“紫禁城”(历代宫殿都象“象天立宫”，以表示君权“受命于天”)。由于君为天子，天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的“紫宫”禁地，故名“紫禁城”。故宫始建于明永乐四年(1420xx年)，永乐十八年(1420xx年)建成。历经有清两个朝代24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑面积15万多平方米，有房屋9999间，是世界上最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。为了突出帝王至高无上的权威，故宫有一条贯穿宫城南北的中轴线，在这条中轴线上，按照“前朝后寝”的古制，布置着帝王发施令，象征政权中心的三大殿(太和殿、中和殿、保和殿)和帝后居住的后三宫(乾清宫、交仄殿、坤宁宫)。在其内廷部分(乾清门以北)，左右各形成一条以太上皇居住的宫殿—宁春宫，和以太妃居住的宫殿—慈寿宫为中心的次要轴线。出于防御的需要，这些宫殿建筑的处围筑有高达10米的宫墙，四周有角楼，外有护城河。

故宫御花园，原名宫后苑，今俗称御花园，占地一万二千平方米。以钦安殿为中心，园林建筑采用主次相辅，左右对称的格局，布局紧凑，古典富丽。殿东北的堆秀山，为太湖石叠砌而成，上筑御景亭，每年重阳节帝后在北登高。

1987年故宫被联合国教科文组织，评定为“世界文化遗产”，是建筑艺术的经典之作。

朋友们，因为时间仓促，这次对故宫的介绍就到此结束。下次有机会再带大家详细的参观。谢谢合作!

虎山景区位于辽宁丹东市东北方向约12公里处，是鸭绿江国家级风景名胜区的核心景区;国家AAAA级景区;国家级重点文物保护单位，与“朝鲜八景”之一的统军亭隔江相望。景区内有明万里长城东端起点——虎山长城、中朝边境“一步跨”、睡观音、长城历史博物馆、古栈道遗址等国内外知名景点，是一处以古代军事文化旅游为主题，以中朝边境旅游和红色旅游为特色的景区。 景区内的虎山长城始建于明成化五年即公元1469年，当时的主要作用是为防御建州女真人的侵扰。而努尔哈赤称王以后，为了保住其的“龙兴之地”，他颁布了法令严禁山海关以内的人到关外来。关内的人也不许在满人发祥地的范围内耕种、狩猎。因此，他兴修柳条边，在修柳条边时他下令将包括虎山长城在内的大部分辽东长城拆除掉了。然而历经几百年虎山长城几乎是濒于湮没了以至于很长的一段时间里，人们都将万里长城的东端起点，误认为是“天下第一关” ——山海关。其实早在《明史?兵志》中就曾有记载：“终明之世，边防慎重，东起鸭绿，西至嘉峪”就已明确明长城“东起鸭绿江，西至嘉峪关”。

Hebei Shanhaiguan Great Wall is the entrance of the Great Wall. "The key ofthe two capitals is unparalleled, and the first pass of the Great Wall" belongsto Shanhaiguan, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province. With a total length of 26 km,it mainly includes: laolongtou Great Wall, Guancheng Great Wall in the south,north, Jiaoshan Great Wall, SANDAOGUAN great wall and jiumenkou Great Wall.Laolongtou Great Wall is the end part of the great wall into the sea, with thereputation of "the soul of China".

Shanhaiguan city is composed of seven Castles: Guan City, Dongluo City,Xiluo City, South Wing City, North Wing City, Weiyuan city and Ninghai city.There are 4769 meters long, 11.6 meters high and more than 10 meters thick wallsaround. The walls are tall, solid and magnificent. There are four gates in theEast, West, South and North, turrets in the East, South and northeast, andmagnificent bell and drum towers in the middle of the city. The scale of thewhole acropolis is magnificent, and the defense project is solid. Shanhaiguanwas the product of the establishment of the "garrison system" in Ming Dynasty.The "garrison system" and reform policy in Ming Dynasty played an important rolein the consolidation and development of Shanhaiguan.

Shanhaiguan Great Wall is composed of seven Castles: Guancheng, Dongluo,Xiluo, Nanyi, Beiyi, Weiyuan and Ninghai. It is surrounded by walls of 4769meters long, 11.6 meters high and more than 10 meters thick. The walls are tall,solid and magnificent. There are four gates in the East, West, South and North,turrets in the East, South and northeast, and magnificent bell and drum towersin the middle of the city. The scale of the whole acropolis is magnificent, andthe defense project is solid. Shanhaiguan was the product of the establishmentof the "garrison system" in Ming Dynasty. The "garrison system" and reformpolicy in Ming Dynasty played an important role in the consolidation anddevelopment of Shanhaiguan.

Since the establishment of Shanhaiguan, there have been frequent exchangesbetween merchants and active economic and trade activities, which played animportant role in developing friendly exchanges between nationalities, promotingeconomic and cultural exchanges, protecting the capital and consolidating therule of the Ming Dynasty. No matter from scale, layout or structure, the customsand customs are rare in Chinas ancient architectural history. It is also theessence of the Great Wall, and is a rare masterpiece in Chinas ancient citystreasure house. Shanhaiguan is a treasure of ancient Chinese architecture and aprecious historical legacy of the motherland.

The temples in Shanhaiguan area developed rapidly in Ming and QingDynasties. The most famous temple buildings are: the remarkable temple, theConfucian Temple, the mosque, the San Qing Guan, the virgin temple, the TownGods Temple, the Beihai temple, the Dragon God Temple, the Thean Hou Temple,Erlang temple and so on.

The streets and alleys of Shanhaiguan and Guancheng are typicalcheckerboard layout. The streets and alleys of Guancheng are connected withresidential buildings with rich local color.

The Great Wall is a historical monument of the wisdom and hard work of theChinese nation, and the Great Wall is an important part of the Great Wall, whichis the world-famous place where the Great Wall enters the sea. At present, theGreat Wall in Shanhaiguan has a total length of 26 kilometers, mainly including:laolongtou Great Wall, South Wing Great Wall, Guancheng Great Wall, North WingGreat Wall, Jiaoshan Great Wall, SANDAOGUAN great wall and jiumenkou GreatWall.

Shanhaiguan, also known as "Yuguan", is the starting point of the northeastend of the great wall of Ming Dynasty. It is located 15 kilometers northeast ofQinhuangdao City, and has the reputation of "the first pass in the world".Shanhaiguan scenic spot is a famous historical and cultural ancient city andsummer resort with many places of interest, beautiful scenery and pleasantclimate. There are more than 90 places of interest with development andornamental value in the area, forming six major scenic spots, namely "old dragonhead", "mengjiangnu Temple", "Jiaoshan", "the first pass in the world","Changshou mountain" and "Yansai Lake". Among them, the essence of Chinasancient the Great Wall is the the Great Wall of Shanhaiguan. The East startingpoint of the great wall of Ming Dynasty is laolongtou, where the great wallmeets with the sea, with blue sea and Jinsha, and the sky opens to the sea. Thefamous "No.1 pass in the world" is towering. It is known as "pinghan in thecapital and the throat of liaozuo". The great wall of Jiaoshan mountain iswinding, with steep beacon towers and picturesque scenery. The "rain andsunshine in the mountain temple, Ruilian holding the sun" and the wonderful"Qixian Buddha light" in the "eight scenes of Yuguan" attract many touriststourist. Meng Jiangnu temple is a moving story of Jiang Nus seeking husband, aChinese folk legend. Chen Yun and his poem praise that "the Great Wall is builtby the sweat and blood of many anonymous people. Experts and scholars have noway to verify it, but a generation of heroes with all names are actually a kindof glory in half the sky.". Xuanyang cave, the largest natural granite cave innorthern China, is like a paradise with strange caves, strange rocks andgurgling springs. Yansai lake is a beautiful pearl outside the Great Wall.

The Great Wall, like the Pyramids of Egypt, the Taj Mahal(1) in India and the Hanging Garden of Babylon(2), is one of the great wonders of the world. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yalu River in Liaoning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12,700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu--and two autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China together.

Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive fortification back to the year 656 B.C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu. Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B.C. when ducal states Yan, Zhao, Wei, and Qin were frequently plundered by the nomadic peoples living north of the Yinshan and Yanshan mountain ranges. Walls, then, were built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments.

Later in 221 B.C., when Qin conquered the other states and unified China, Emperor Qinshihuang ordered the connection of these individual walls and further extensions to form the basis of the present great wall. As a matter of fact, a separate outer wall was constructed north of the Yinshan range in the Han Dynasty(206 BC--1644 BC.), which went to ruin through years of neglect. In the many intervening centuries, succeeding dynasties rebuilt parts of the Wall. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the Ming Dynasty (1368--1644) when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today. The Great Wall is divided into two sections, the east and west, with Shanxi Province as the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of the Great Wall are at Badaling and Mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to visitors. The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base, narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast. There are ramparts, embrasures, peep-holes and apertures for archers on the top, besides gutters with gargoyles to drain rain-water off the parapet walk. Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached only after a steep climb, like "climbing a ladder to heaven". The view from the top is rewarding, hoverer. The Wall follows the contour of mountains that rise one behind the other until they finally fade and merge with distant haze. A signal system formerly existed that served to communicate military information to the dynastic capital. This consisted of beacon towers on the Wall itself and on mountain tops within sight of the Wall. At the approach of enemy troops, smoke signals gave the alarm from the beacon towers in the daytime and bonfire did this at night.

Emergency signals could be relayed to the capital from distant places within a few hour long before the invention of anything like modern communications. There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing. Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911) Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one.

On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each. Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages. As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

Notes:1. the Taj Mahal in India 印度的泰姬陵2. the Hanging Garden of Babylon 巴比伦的空中花园3. Sanskrit 梵语4. Uigur 维吾尔语

There stand 14 major passes (Guan, in Chinese) at places of strategic importance along the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing.

Known as "Tian Xia Di YI Guan" (The First Pass Under Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pass is situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general Wu Sangui opened to the Manchu army to suppress the peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng and so surrendered the whole Ming empire to theManchus, leading to the foundation of the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)

Jiayuguan Pass was not so much as the "Strategic pass Under the Heaven" as an important communication center in Chinese history. Cleft between the snow-capped Qilian Mountains and the rolling Mazong Mountains, it was on the ancient Silk Road. Zhang Qian, the first envoy of Emperor Wu Di of the Western Han dynasty (206 B.C-24 A.D), crossed it on his journey to the western regions. Later, silk flowed to the west through this pass too. The gate-tower of Jiayuguan is an attractive building of excellent workmanship. It has an inner city and an outer city, the former square in shape and surrounded by a wall 11.7 meters high and 730 meters in circumference. It has two gates, an eastern one and a western one. On each gate sits a tower facing each other. the four corners of the wall are occupied by four watch towers, one for each.

Juyongguan, a gateway to ancient Beijing from Inner Mongolia, was built in a 15-kilometer long ravine flanked by mountains. The cavalrymen of Genghis Khan swept through it in the 13th century. At the center of the pass is a white marble platform named the Cloud terrace, which was called the Crossing-Street Dagoba, since its narrow arch spanned the main street of the pass and on the top of the terrace there used to be three stone dagobas, built in the Yuan Daynasty(1206-1368). At the bottom of the terrace is a half-octagonal arch gateway, interesting for its wealth of detail: it is decorated with splendid images of Buddha and four celestial guardians carved on the walls. The vividness of their expressions is matched by the exquisite workmanship. such grandiose relics works, with several stones pieced together, are rarely seen in ancient Chinese carving. The gate jambs bear a multi-lingual Buddhist sutra, carved some 600 years ago in Sanskrit(3), Tibetan, Mongolian, Uigur(4), Han Chinese and the language of Western Xia. Undoubtedly, they are valuable to the study of Buddhism and ancient languages.

As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice charter says: "Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual architectural works, but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain civilizations, significant social developments or historical events." The Great Wall is the largest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world cultural heritage site.

亲爱的游客朋友们：

大家好，我姓兰，是你们的导游，你们可以叫我兰导。欢迎大家来到北京游玩，我们今天将要去世界文化遗产之一的长城游览一番。

我们的目的地到了。现在，请各位抬头看，这就是我们要游览的长城。远看长城，它像一条长龙，在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋。你们知道吗，从东头的山海关到西头的嘉峪关，有一万三千多里。登上长城，城墙上铺着十分平整的方砖，像宽宽的马路，五六匹马可以并行通过。墙是齿形的，凹进去的是瞭望口，墙是垛子，下面的正方形小口是射击口。每隔三百多米就有一个方形的烽火台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗期间，烽火台可以互相呼应。

你们知道长城的修建持续了多少年吗?告诉你吧，修建长城花了两千多年。从公元前7世纪楚国筑“方城”开始，到明代共有20多个诸侯和封建王朝修筑过长城。其中，秦、汉、明三个朝代修长城的长度都超过了5000千米。把所有朝代修长城的加起来，总长度超过5万千米。当时没有机器，而且一块条石就有两三千斤重，就靠着那无数的肩膀无数的手，抬上这陡峭的山峰。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才把这“前不见首，后不见尾”的万里长城修完。为什么要建长城呢?因为建起了长城，就不被外族侵略了。

大家知道长城的象征意义是什么吗?它是我们中华民族古老文化的丰碑和智慧结晶，象征着中华民族的血脉相承和民族精神。

好了，现在大家可以自由活动了。请大家要爱护环境，不要乱扔果皮纸屑，不要到危险地地方游玩，以免受伤。

今天游览到此结束，欢迎大家再来这个“前不见首，后不见尾”的万里长城来游玩。

谢谢大家!

俗话说“不到长城非好汉”，攀登长城要有持之以恒、永不退缩的毅力和决心，不能中途放弃!我们可以一边观赏一边攀登。我先为大家介绍一下长城：长城是由关城、敌楼、烟墩、烽火台、敌台、墙台、宇墙、垛口、望洞、射孔等组成的。烽火台和烟墩是用来传递敌情的。白天在烟墩上燃烟，烟堆的多少代表敌兵的数量。晚上看不见烟，就在烽火台上生火。这种传递信息的方式，在那个时代是最迅速、最有效的，烽火台起到了非常大的作用。

这时，我看到有个小孩子在城墙上爬。我把他抱下来后对大家说：“请注意不能在城墙上爬，这是很危险的。城墙外是险要的山峰，跌落下去可不是好玩的!”

下面，我再给大家讲讲有关长城的故事：从前，有个人叫孟姜女，她去为修长城的丈夫送衣服。她到了长城，却没找到她的丈夫。她连忙问别人，别人说他已被埋在长城里了。她伤心的哭，哭了很多年，最后，她把长城哭倒了，终于看到了她的丈夫。

长城很美丽、很壮观，蜿蜒曲折，欢迎你们细细游赏!

亲爱的旅客们：

你们好!我是你们的小导游。现在我们游览的地方被列入《世界遗产名录》的文化遗产——长城。那是多么兴奋啊，希望大家能够多了解长城，对北京留下美好的回忆。

“不到长城非好汉。”这句话是我国第一任主席毛泽东爷爷说得。其实长城不只是一座，而是很多座。在两千年的时候，秦代长城、明代长城和汉代长城，现在在你眼前，这座长城是明代长城修筑的，明代长城是这三代中，保存的最好的。

游客们，我们身为祖国的儿女怎么不上去游览一番呢?有着今天这样的长城，是古时候修筑长城的劳动人民们，我们为他们感到骄傲。“多少的劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。”这句话是在四年级中17棵《长城》那儿。没错呀，长城是我们中华儿女的骄傲啊!

长城总长约6700公里，多巨大的数目啊!要不怎么列入《世界遗产名录》呢?长城李最著名的是八达岭万里长城。八达岭长城随着山势连绵起伏，站在长城上鸟瞰，一片绿海，不见者尾。

游客们，在游览过程中，千万不要随便破坏公物，长城是一颗闪闪发光的明珠，在历史上，确实是个伟大的奇迹。

尊敬的各位游客，大家好!我叫小白，大家也可以叫我白导。很高兴认识大家。今天我将带领大家游览长城，希望大家玩得开心。在参观之前我要告诉大家注意安全，不要掉队。在游览过程中，请大家注意保护环境，不要乱写乱画。

好!现在我们已经来到长城脚下，长城是世界上八大奇迹之一，因为它东起山海关，西至嘉峪关，像一条长龙蜿蜒盘旋在崇山峻岭之间，它长达一万三千多里，历史悠久。战国时期，各国相互防御，就在地势险要的地方修筑长城，秦始皇统一中国以后，它就连接了所有长城，此后原来各个朝代都在原来的基础上修筑长城。现在我们看到的长城就是明代的长城。

大家请看这段修筑在八达岭上，高大坚固是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的。城墙外沿有两米多高的成排的垛子，垛子上有长方形的瞭望口和射口，供瞭望和射击用。城墙顶上，每隔三百米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。站在长城上，踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，很自然地想起古代修筑长城的劳动人民来。大家请看墙的条石一条就会有两三千斤重。那时候没有火车，汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。

关于长城我就介绍到这，下面请大家尽情游玩吧!

Dear tourists, we are now here to Tiananmen Square, the largest city centersquare in the world, with an area of 440000 square meters. Moreover, thegeographical location of Beijing in the world is determined by the longitude andlatitude of the square (east longitude: 116 ° 23 ′ 17 ″, north latitude: 39 ° 54′ 27 ″),. It is located in the center of Beijing and has been watching thehistorical changes of Beijing since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, it wasonce called chengtianmen square. There was a T-shaped square. Of course, it isno longer there. In the Qing Dynasty, it was changed to Tiananmen Square. Afterthe revolution of 1911, Tiananmen Square became the best gathering place formass movements. The famous May 4th movement, the 129 student movement and so ontook place here. The most famous event here, I believe you all know, was thefounding ceremony on October 1, 1949, when 300000 people gathered here tocelebrate the founding of new China. After liberation, the T-shaped square wasdemolished and large buildings such as the monument to the peoples heroes, theGreat Hall of the people, the history museum and the revolutionary museum werebuilt. In 1976, after the death of the president, the memorial hall of thepresident was built on the original position of the Chinese gate, thus formingthe architectural pattern of the square today. In the 50th anniversary of thenational day, Tiananmen Square has undergone a series of renovation, making thesquare more beautiful, spectacular and clean. You must be looking forward to theTiananmen Square I described. It doesnt matter. I will introduce it to you oneby one in the next tour.

During the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, it was called Chengtian gate.It was just a wooden archway, which means "to carry out the transportation fromheaven, to be ordered by heaven". However, it was burned down in the MingDynasty. Later, the city building with nine wide faces and five deep faces wasbuilt, which truly reflected the emperors respect of 95. But at the end of MingDynasty, it was destroyed again. During the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the QingDynasty, after the reconstruction of the city tower, it was renamed Tiananmen,the other three imperial city gates were renamed daian, and the three mainhalls of the Forbidden City were renamed daihe, which reflected the good wishesof internal and external security. This is what we are looking at now. It iscomposed of three parts: the foundation, the platform and the tower. The base iswhite marble xumizuo, which is the highest level base in ancient China, with aheight of 1.59 meters. The platform is 14.6 meters high. And the double eaves ofthe city tower rest on the top of the mountain, which was also the highest levelof the temple roof at that time. The whole building is 33.7 meters high. After70 years of renovation, it has risen by one meter.

This is a very high-grade building, and its role is also very important. Inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties, whenever there was a national ceremony, theceremony of "Jinfeng imperial edict" was held on the city tower. After theimperial edict was announced, a wood carved Golden Phoenix was put on the yellowsilk thread machine. The Golden Phoenix carried the imperial edict down thewall. The officials of the Ministry of rites caught it with a cloud tray, andthen put it into the Dragon Pavilion to praise the Ministry of rites, and thenpromulgated it. )And whenever the emperor went out of the palace to sacrifice,this was the only way. The most important moment for new China was also bornhere. The chairman solemnly announced the founding of new China on the TiananmenGate Tower, and personally angered the first five-star red flag of new China.The portrait of the chairman on the city floor is replaced every year before thenational day.

The river in front of Tiananmen tower is called Jinshui River. Then why isit called Jinshui River? Because this river is drawn from the northwest ofBeijing, and in the Yin Yang and five elements, the West belongs to Jin and theNorth belongs to water, so this river is named Jinshui River, and the sevenwhite jade bridges on the river are Jinshui bridge. The two bridges next to themare called Gongsheng bridge, which correspond to the Taimiao temple and thesheji altar, which are now the Cultural Palace of the working people andZhongshan Park. The one in the middle is the royal road bridge, which isspecially used by the emperor and queen. The two bridges beside it are royalbridges, which are used by the royal princes. The two bridges beside them aregrade bridges, which can only be passed by officials above grade three.

In front of Jinshui bridge, there is a stone lion on the left and right.The one on the left is the master, and the one on the right is the lioness. Howcan we tell the male from the female? Because the male masters foot is on thehydrangea, while the female lion is the cub. Now in order to protect thecultural relics, the lions have been fenced up. There were a pair of Huabiaobefore and after Tiananmen Square. In fact, the original name of Huabiao was FeiMu. It was set up by the emperor to show that he could accept and acceptopinions, and gradually evolved into todays Huabiao. The monster at the top ofit is called Hou. The one on the North China watch is called wangjunchu, whichmeans to let the emperor go out of the palace to observe the peoples feelings.The one on the south end is called wangjungui, which means that the emperorshould not be nostalgic for the world outside the Palace, but should go back tothe palace in time to deal with government affairs.

Now please turn back. Behind us is Tiananmen Square. In the Ming and QingDynasties, it was T-shaped, with a north-south royal road in the middle. On bothsides of the royal road, there were Qianbu corridor, with 110 corridors on bothsides. On the south side of Changan Street, with the red wall extending to theEast and West, there were 34 corridors, so Qianbu corridor had 228 corridors. Atthe southernmost end of the imperial Road, damingmen was in the Ming Dynasty,but it was changed to daqingmen in the Qing Dynasty; The gates on the East andwest sides are Changan left gate and Changan right gate, which are also calledLongmen and Humen respectively. After the scientific examination, Huang Bangannounced in the left gate of Changan that the Jinshi in the examination wouldenter the imperial city from here, so they are called Longmen. The reason forHumen is that after the frost falls every year, the imperial court has toexamine the prisoners, and the prisoners who are examined and approved are takenout of the right gate of Changan, which is tantamount to falling into thepalace Hukou is called Humen. These are all related to the five elements.

In ancient China, there was a saying of "wendongwuxi", so on the East andwest sides of qianbulang is the location of Wufu Liubu. On the east side of thesquare, the area around the present history museum is basically the centralcivilian organs, while on the west side, that is, the area around the Great Hallof the people, are the five army governors office and the secret service royalguards. In order to facilitate these officials to enter the Imperial City, anorth-south gate, donggongsheng gate and xigongsheng gate, were built outsideLongmen Humen.

Now we cant see the trace of that time. Instead, we have modern buildingswith more historical significance and political characteristics.

On the west side of the square is the Great Hall of the people. It startedconstruction in October 1958 and lasted for one year. It was completed beforethe National Day in 1958, covering an area of 171800 square meters. The wholebuilding is like a "mountain". The highest point in the center is 46.5 meters,which is the highest building in Tiananmen Square. The great hall is dividedinto three parts: in the center is the auditorium of the ten thousand peoplesCongress, with a total area of 36000 square meters and 10000 seats. There is ahuge red five pointed star on the top of the auditorium, giving off 70 to 70rays of light. The decoration layout of the whole dome is not only magnificent,but also a symbol of the unity of the people around the Party Central Committee;in the north is the banquet hall, with a total area of more than 7000 squaremeters, which is the largest banquet hall in China; In the south is the officebuilding of the National Peoples Congress, which includes the conference hallsof 37 provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the centralgovernment, such as Chongqing hall, Hong Kong hall, etc.

In the northeast of the square is the Museum of the Chinese revolution,which was officially opened to the public on July 1, 61. The main exhibits arerevolutionary materials since the May 4th movement, and the contents of theexhibits in the museum are extremely rich. Southeast of the square is theChinese history museum. Its predecessor is the Beijing History Museum. In 26, itwas changed into the National History Museum. Four years later, it was changedinto the Beiping History Museum of Academia Sinica. In April 34, it was changedinto the Preparatory Office of the Central Museum and the Beiping HistoryMuseum. Its exhibits cover more than 300000 pieces of cultural relics, coins,pictures, etc. with thousands of years of history from the slavery society ofXia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty.

Facing the Tiananmen Gate Tower is the monument to the peoples heroes.According to the resolution of the first plenary session of the Chinese peoplesPolitical Consultative Conference in September 49, the monument to the peoplesheroes was built in Tiananmen Square. More than 240 design schemes werecollected from the whole country, and three schemes were selected. Finally, itwas decided that Liang Sichengs design scheme should be taken as the main one,and the other three schemes should be integrated. Thats what we see today.52.8.1 was officially built, completed in 58.4 and ceremoniously unveiled in5.1. The 100 ton core stone was transported from Qingdao to Beijing. After aseries of processing and carving, the finished product is 14.7 meters high, 2.9meters wide, 1 meter thick and weighs 60 tons. The body of the stone is composedof 413 pieces of granite. The base of the stele is composed of more than 17000pieces of granite and white marble, covering an area of more than 3000 squaremeters.

The front of the monument faces Tiananmen Square and is inlaid with goldplate. The chairman wrote "the peoples heroes are immortal". On the back is a158 character inscription drafted by the chairman and written by Premier Zhou(over the past three years, the peoples heroes who died in the peoplesLiberation War and the peoples revolution are immortal) Over the past 30 years,the peoples heroes who died in the peoples Liberation War and the peoplesrevolution are immortal, which dates back to 1840 years. Since then, in order tofight against internal and external enemies, strive for national independenceand peoples freedom and happiness, the peoples heroes who died in previousstruggles are immortal. There are eight reliefs around the pedestal, 2 metershigh and 40.68 meters long. From the East, the order is: Humen tobacco, thedestructed opium, the Wuchang movement, the 54 Movement, the May 30 movement,the Nanchang uprising, the Anti Japanese War, and the victory across the river.On both sides of the victory crossing, there are two decorative patterns, whichare: supporting the front line and welcoming the peoples Liberation Army. Thereare 180 characters in all the reliefs.

To the south of the monument to the peoples Heroes is the chairmansmemorial hall. The construction of the memorial hall started on November 24,1976, and it took only six months to complete. Officially opened on the firstanniversary of the chairmans death. In front of the north gate of the memorialhall are two groups of clay sculptures, both of which are based on revolutionaryepics. The South Gate of the main building is to inherit the will of thepresident and show the confidence of the people of all ethnic groups. The 30 redflags outside the South Gate represent 30 provinces and autonomous regions inChina. The platform foundation of the memorial hall is built with jujube redgranite from the Dadu River. Around the foundation stone are stones from MountEverest and water from the Chinese Taiwan Strait. The main building of the memorial hallis composed of three parts: one enters the stele hall, facing a three meter highstatue of the chairman, where commemorative activities are held; one enters fromthe golden Phoebe gate on the south side of the North Hall, where the chairmansbody is placed; the South Hall is on the south side of the hall, where thechairmans poem "Manjianghong" is engraved. On the East and west sides of thethree halls are the rest hall and the memorial room of the old revolutionary.Now the memorial room of Deng Xiaoping has been added.

Behind the chairmans memorial hall is the main gate of the inner city,Zhengyang gate. In the past, Zhengyang gate was the tallest building in thecountry, which meant that the LORD was in the sun, the sun was in the sky, andall nations were looking forward to it. Now its the only complete preservedtower and arrow tower in Beijing.

In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the traffic hub between Xicheng andNancheng was Qipan street. Now it is probably located in the square between thechairmans memorial hall and Zhengyangmen tower.

In fact, Tiananmen Square also has a very famous landscape, which is theflag raising and flag lowering ceremony. Tens of thousands of people come towatch the ceremony every day. Zeng Liansong, the designer of Chinas nationalflag design, is the first national flag maker. This super large national flag ismore than 5 meters long and 3 meters wide. At the founding ceremony, thepresident personally raised this national flag, which symbolizes the birth ofnew China.

The original flagpole base of Tiananmen Square was closed, which made itinconvenient to raise and lower the flag, and the equipment was old. So the newbase and flagpole were rebuilt on February 25, 1991. The plane of the new baseis three layers. The first layer is made of white marble, and there arepassageways all around. The second layer is reddish brown granite, whichsymbolizes the red of the people. The third layer is green belt, whichsymbolizes the prosperity of the socialist motherland. In addition, there are 56golden copper separation piers around, which symbolize the unity of 56nationalities hand in hand and heart in heart under the national flag.

The new flagpole is made of seamless steel pipe made by Shougang. It isdivided into four sections, weighing 7 tons and 32.6 meters high. It will notrust in 20 years.

The flag raising and lowering ceremony should be held on the first day ofevery ten days or important national celebrations, and the flag raising andlowering ceremony should also be held on other days. Every day, the time ofraising the flag is based on sunrise, and the time of lowering the flag is basedon sunset. The national anthem is played. During festivals, the military bandplays live, while at ordinary times, the recording is played. If you areinterested, you can also watch this important landscape at your convenience.

天安门坐落在中华人民共和国首都北京的市中心，故宫的南侧，与天安门广场隔长安街相望，是明、清两代皇城的大门。风景名胜天安门高34.7米。由城台和城楼组成，汉白玉石的须弥座，城楼上60根朱红色通天圆柱，地面金砖铺成，一平如砥;高大而色彩浓郁的墙台，上有两层重檐楼，有黄色琉璃瓦，房分东西九间，南北五间，象征皇权的“之尊”。

南北两面均为菱花格扇门，36扇朱红菱花门扉;天花、门拱、梁枋上雕绘着传统的金龙彩绘和吉祥图案;殿内由一个450公斤八角宫灯和16个各重350公斤的六角宫灯组成的众星捧月图案。城台下有券门五阙，中间的券门最大，位于北京皇城中轴线上，过去只有皇帝才可以由此出入。1949年新中国成立，正中门洞上方悬挂上了巨大的毛泽东画像，两边分别是“中华人民共和国万岁”和“全世界人民大团结万岁”的大幅标语。门前开通的金水河，一枕碧流，飞架起七座精美的汉白玉桥，称为金水桥。

最佳旅游时间天安门地处北京，属暖温带半湿润大陆性季风气候，夏季高温多雨，冬季寒冷干燥，适合春秋旅游。历史文化天安门始建于明永乐十五年(1420xx年)，原名“承天门”，取“承天启运”、“受命于天”之意。清顺治八年(1651年)，改建为“天安门”，取“受命天”、“安邦治民”之意。明清五百年间,天安门是新帝登基、皇后册封而颁诏天下的地方，是皇帝金殿传胪、招贤取士的场所，也是皇帝出征赴太庙祭祖的必经之路，对老百姓来说，它是拒人千里之外的禁区。直到1920xx年辛亥革命以后，宫廷广场两侧紧闭的大门自然而倒，东西长安街变成交通畅行的要道。

自此以后，炳彪中国革命史册的“五四运动”、“一二九运动”、开国大典、“四五运动”等等重大历史事件，都以此为舞台，威武雄壮地在这里演出。特别是新中国成立后，天安门成了伟大祖国的象征，新扩建的天安门广场成了世界上最大最壮丽的人民广场。

导游词北京故宫3篇

北京故宫博物馆始建于1420xx年,建成于1420xx年,是明清两朝的皇宫,又名紫禁城。下面是第一范文网带来的导游词北京故宫，欢迎大家阅读。

篇一：导游词北京故宫

大家好!我叫朱芮娴，是大伙的导游，大伙可以叫我朱导。今天，我们要观光世界遗产----北京故宫。

大家可以看到现在，那座耸立在台阶以上的三层建筑物就是故宫。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。历史很悠久，请细细观赏。无与伦比的古代建筑杰作 紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。这些宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。建筑学家们认为故宫的设计与建筑，实在是一个无与伦比的杰作，它的平面布局，立体效果，以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都可以说是上罕见的。它标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就，怎么样，很佩服吧!

我们接着看。故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们 都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6 根围绕御座的是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

跟大家说，游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍 贵的文物。故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等，爱好艺术的人 在这些无与伦比的艺术品前，往往久久不忍离去。设在故宫东路的珍宝馆， 展出各种奇珍异宝。如一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1.5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。厉害!

游览故宫，可以从天安门进，也可以由后门----神武门进。进入天安 门，穿过一片青砖铺地的广场，便到达紫禁城的正门----午门。这里城墙 高大，城门楼巍峨壮观，给人以无比威严的感觉，使站在这里的人自己感 到渺小这是古代统治者利用建筑艺术来为增强其帝王威慑力量服务的一个 最突出的例子。穿过午门，又是一个大广场，广场上有一金水桥。过桥经 太和门便是雄伟的太和殿。从高处看，金水桥和流经广场的那条御河，其 形状恰像一把巨大的弓。经太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，穿过乾清门，便进 入内廷，内廷分中路、东路和西路三条路线。如果是半日游，这三条路线 只能游一条，一般可走中路。走中路可看皇帝的卧室(乾清宫)，放置皇帝印玺的地方(交泰殿)，皇帝结婚的新房(坤宁宫)，嫔妃所住的地方(其中 有的已辟为展厅)和御花园。一般来说，用半天时间游故宫，比较吃力。 以安排一日游为佳。如有时间，又想看得细些，则可安排二日游。

篇二：导游词北京故宫

欢迎大家来到这里!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

我们今天来到的地方是大家都知道的世界上最著名的历史古迹-北京故宫历史博物馆。故宫博物馆始建于1420xx年,建成于1420xx年,是明清两朝的皇宫,又名紫禁城。故宫占地面积72万平方米,建筑面积15万平方米,屋子有9999间半，故宫四周饶10米高的城墙,外有50多米宽的护河城。现在,我们已经来到了北京故宫门前。各位游客,你们看,这座故宫的四个城角上都有一座九梁十八柱七十二条脊的角楼。故宫座北朝南，开有四条门。各位游客，这里就是故宫的正门，叫午门，意思是正午的太阳光芒四射。各位请看!在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼，楼顶飞檐翅起，从上面看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰，故午门又称五凤楼。

现在我们已经进入了外朝皇帝处理政事的地方，它们主要有三大殿:太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。现在,我们已经来到了太和殿,它是三大殿中最为高大的,它金碧辉煌,这个台基四周矗立成排的雕栏,称为望柱,柱子上雕刻着云龙云凤的图画，末代皇帝溥仪就是在这里举行了他的登基大典礼。看完了太和殿，我们再来看中和殿。大家请看!中和殿是皇帝在大典前等待吉时、稍事休息的地方。下面，请大家跟我来一起参观当时的国宴厅--保和殿。各位游客，这座大殿是故宫前朝三大殿中的最后一座大殿-保和殿，这座大殿被称为清代的国宴厅及科举考场，自乾隆皇帝以后，这里便成为每四年一次的皇家科举考场。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了乾清宫，这是皇帝在紫禁城中居住和处理日常政事的地方。乾清宫分为中殿、东暖阁及西暖阁三个部分。正殿是皇帝处理日常政务、临时按见大臣的地方，殿中设有皇帝宝座及御案，正中挂着一块“正大光明”匾，那是清朝皇帝的祖训，作为治国、修身、平天下的基本准则。东、西暖阁是皇帝晚上住宿的地方。 现在请各位随我去参观交泰殿。各位请看，这座四角攒尖顶的大殿叫交泰殿，这座建筑是明清两朝皇后过生日时举行寿庆活动的地方。在大殿后墙匾额上有“无为”二字，那里是康熙皇帝的御笔，意思是希望后代能够以德制国，施以仁政，以图国家长治久安。各位朋友，现在我们来到了紫禁城的后花园--御花园，这里是帝后们的休闲娱乐的场所。等一会儿大家可以在这座名字叫堆秀山的假山前拍照留念。

今天我的讲解就到此结束了，下面是大家自由参观的时间，我们大概在30分钟后在门口集合，希望这次参观能给大家留下一个深刻的印象，预祝大家能玩的开心，谢谢

篇三：导游词北京故宫

女士们、先生们：

我叫王溦嘉，大家叫我小王就行了。今天有幸陪同大家一道参观，我感到很高兴。这里就是闻名世界的故宫博物馆，简称为故宫，就是昔日的皇家宫殿。

北京故宫位于北京市中心，是明清两代的皇宫，又称为“紫禁城”(历代宫殿都象“象天立宫”，以表示君权“受命于天”)。由于君为天子，天子的宫殿如同天帝居住的“紫宫”禁地，故名“紫禁城”。故宫始建于明永乐四年(1420xx年)，永乐十八年(1420xx年)建成。历经有清两个朝代24个皇帝。故宫规模宏大，西宽750米，南北长960米，占地72万平方米，建筑面积15万多平方米，有房屋9999间，是世界上最大最完整的古代宫殿建筑群。为了突出帝王至高无上的权威，故宫有一条贯穿宫城南北的中轴线，在这条中轴线上，按照“前朝后寝”的古制，布置着帝王发施令，象征政权中心的三大殿(太和殿、中和殿、保和殿)和帝后居住的后三宫(乾清宫、交仄殿、坤宁宫)。在其内廷部分(乾清门以北)，左右各形成一条以太上皇居住的宫殿—宁春宫，和以太妃居住的宫殿—慈寿宫为中心的次要轴线。出于防御的需要，这些宫殿建筑的处围筑有高达10米的宫墙，四周有角楼，外有护城河。

故宫御花园，原名宫后苑，今俗称御花园，占地一万二千平方米。以钦安殿为中心，园林建筑采用主次相辅，左右对称的格局，布局紧凑，古典富丽。殿东北的堆秀山，为太湖石叠砌而成，上筑御景亭，每年重阳节帝后在北登高。

1987年故宫被联合国教科文组织，评定为“世界文化遗产”，是建筑艺术的经典之作。

朋友们，因为时间仓促，这次对故宫的介绍就到此结束。下次有机会再带大家详细的参观。谢谢合作!

大家好！今天我们要去游玩的地方是北京故宫。我姓卢，大家叫我小卢就行了。想必大家对故宫还不是很了解，现在我就为大家介绍介绍故宫。

故宫又名紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，也是中国现在所保存的最大最完整的古代建筑。1988年被联合国教科文组织列为“世界文化遗产”。诸位，故宫有四个大门。正门名叫午门，俗称五凤楼；其它的门平面为凹形，中间有重楼，重檐为庑殿顶，两翼分别有重檐楼阁四座。

接下来请大家跟着我到太和殿。太和殿又称金銮殿，在故宫的中心位置，是故宫三大殿之一。太和殿建在高约5米的汉白玉台基上面。台基四周矗立着成排的雕栏称为望柱，柱头头上雕刻着云龙云凤的图案，前后各有三座石阶，中间的石阶上雕有蟠龙，衬托着海浪和流云的“御路”。太和殿红墙黄瓦、朱楹金肩，在阳光下金碧辉煌，是中国最大的木构殿宇。

看完了太和殿，现在来游中和殿。中和殿也是故宫三大宫殿之一，位于太和殿后方，平面呈正方形，黄色琉璃瓦、四角攒尖顶，正中间有鎏金宝顶，形体壮丽，建筑精巧。

刚才游玩了故宫的两大殿，现在我们来游玩第三个大殿——保和殿。保和殿在中和殿的后方，呈长方形，黄色琉璃瓦、四角攒尖顶，建筑装修与彩绘十分绚丽多彩。

以上就是我们今天游玩的景点，相信你对故宫有了更深的了解，如果下次还有机会，我一定还会给你们当导游。谢谢！

Dear passengers, everyone! I am your tour guide lily pula, you can call me ho. This is very honored to visit the Great Wall with you.

From a distance, the Great Wall is like a huge dragon. Close look, I cant see the other end of the Great Wall. Standing on the Great Wall, beacon tower stands on the Great Wall, like a "daruma" will never fall. The Great Wall is an important ancient defense works, from yan started to build the Great Wall, the Great Wall has a history of more than 20xx years now!

There is a touching legend about the Great Wall. When building the Great Wall, in addition to need not to build the wall over the age of 60, other youth to build the Great Wall. Suzhou scholar Fan Xiliang, in order to avoid being caught by the rulers, had to be in hiding. Once, he fled to meng garden, accidentally encountered meng jiangnu. Meng jiangnu is a smart beautiful girl, she and her parents hid the Fan Xiliang together. Two old people like Fan Xiliang, meng jiangnu betrothed to his wife. But, the person and tragedies will descend, it is the unforeseen that newly married less than three days, Fan Xiliang go by officers and soldiers to catch. Later, meng jiangnu Trinidad TiaoTiaoDe came to the Great Wall to find her husband. Who knows, migrant workers told her that Fan Xiliang is dead. She was crying at the foot of the Great Wall, I dont know how long cry, listen to "bang", the Great Wall fall down a few kilometers.

The passengers, please do not throw garbage everywhere, and in the scribble on the ChengZhuan moment. We are to meet at 7 in the gate.

昨天下午，我们刚来时导游姐姐提醒我们北京的饭菜很差，被游客们称之为“三乎”。哪“三乎”呢，就是咸乎乎、黑乎乎、黏糊糊。

今天早晨，我们体验了来北京的第一顿早餐。来到餐厅排着队，我伸长脖子一看，大出意外，还不错哦。有小笼包、豆浆、茶蛋，还有清爽的小咸菜。吃过后，我觉得味道还不错，和那“三乎”好像一点也不挨边，虚惊一场。导游姐姐是故意吓唬我们吧。

吃过饭，大家坐上车来到了新前门大街。 北京的前门是古都北京九门之首，前门大街位于中轴线上的南端，为皇帝祭天之道，所以也被称为“天街”。现在是北京重点打造的历史风貌保护区。

这里有古色古香的五牌楼，风格各异的仿古建筑，别有一番风味。这条街很长很长，街两边都是一些商店，有卖衣服的，有卖茶叶的，还有卖小饰品的。

不过，因为我们来的太早，好多商家还没营业呢。这里汇聚了许多老字号的店铺，比如谦祥益、全聚德、大北照相馆等。这里曾是老北京三大商业区之一，始于明盛于清。颠峰时期商贾云集，老字号多达上百家。

青石铺就的路面干净整洁，路中央铺着长长的铁轨。不过，很遗憾没有看见传说中的“铛铛车”。

这里的路灯与众不同，有鸟笼形的，有糖葫芦形的，不知道晚上点亮后会是怎样的美景呢?

大家好，我是来自宝实旅行社的金牌导游——布导。今天，我将带你们来到著名的世界遗产——长城。

长城是古代中国在不同时期为抵御塞北游牧部落联盟侵袭而修筑的规模浩大的军事工程的统称。长城东西绵延上万华里，所以又被统称为“万里长城”。

好的，各位游客们，我们现在已经到达了长城脚下，等会儿我们就要走上长城的城墙上了，我们要注意安全哦!

长城的城墙顶上每隔三百多米就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒。打仗的时候，城台之间可以互相呼应。

各位游客们， 我们脚下的方砖、扶着的条石，一块就有两三千斤重，那时没有火车、汽车，就靠劳动人民无数的肩膀，一步一步地抬上去。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧，才凝结成这前不见头、后不见尾的万里长城，所以我们要好好爱护它。

来到长城，我们要好好爱护它，不要在上面乱涂乱画、乱扔垃圾。如果有人这样做，我们要劝告他停止。

最后，我们的旅程结束了。希望大家再来北京玩哦，这里还有很多世界遗产等着我们参观!

十渡风景名胜区位于北京西南部，距市区70余公里，辖区面积301平方公里，是华北地区唯一以岩溶峰林、峰丛、河谷地貌为特色的自然风景区。 十渡景区山奇水秀，谷壁峭立，峰林叠翠、石美潭深、景致幽胜，众誉“青山野渡、百里画廊”。十渡山水，四季如画。初春杨柳吐翠，绿染河川;盛夏峰峦叠嶂，碧水如云;深秋柿坠枝头，红叶似锦;寒冬冰河如镜，峰岭披银。宛若一幅泼墨山水，尽显一派北国风光。十渡负氧离子含量极高，每CM3达7000-10000个，素有“自然空调、天然氧仓”之称。

景区内有蹦极、攀岩等36个旅游项目，18处水面娱乐中心，10大集吃住游于一体的自然景区。先后被国家计委列为小城镇经济综合开发示范区、市级风景名胜区、市级优秀景区、文明景区、北京市唯一的旅游专业镇、北京市农业结构调整示范镇、国家体育训练总局攀岩、蹦极训练比赛基地、全国青少年地质科考夏令营基地，并顺利通过国家旅游局AAA级景区评定，被国土资源部批准为国家地质公园,被市园林局评为市级先进风景名胜区，连续4年被评为市级文明景区，荣获“全市旅游安全先进单位”等称号。

十渡，从千河口到十渡村，沿途在拒马河上要过桥渡水十次，"十渡"因此得名。1986年被评为北京十六景中的第八景，1999年被评为北京市首批风景名胜区。景区内有孤山寨、仙峰谷、万景仙沟、南方大峡谷、普渡山庄、平西抗日烈士陵园、仙栖洞、天池山、西湖港、五星峡谷10个景点;有拒马乐园、九渡漂流、八渡划船场、六渡划船场、清江九龙潭等娱乐点，可提供蹦极跳、悬崖跳伞、索道、攀岩、滑翔飞翼、漂流、脚踏船、皮划艇、冲浪车、摩托艇、沙滩浴场、游泳、骑马等多项娱乐项目;能提供行、游、住、食、购、娱一条龙服务。

十渡风景区是距首都最近、北方独特、华北地区最大、最典型的岩溶峰林峡谷，有天然石佛、飞来石、一线天、龙山“佛”字、水往高处流、石中石等12大地质奇观，享有“青山野渡，百里画廊”之美誉。拒马河蜿蜒迂回，穿山而过，宛如一条玉带，与峰林映衬，相得益彰。山水景物既有中国北方之雄奇，又有江南水乡之柔媚。1986年被评为北京新十六景之一，1999年被评为北京市首批风景名胜区。 十渡风景区，在房山区从张坊至平峪的山间拒马河谷之中，离京城90公里。拒马河为大清河的支流，从太行山奔泻而来，至此拐了十几道弯，形成了10个各具特色的景观渡口而故名。此段河床时宽时窄，两岸峭壁奇峰连绵，翠峰倒映，水动山摇，山水奇丽，极富诗情画意，自古有40里画廊之称，被誉为北国的桂林漓江风光。十渡有主要景点20余处，一渡在东头的张坊，这里山青水秀，景色清丽。顺流而下即是二至六渡，沿岸山岩如削，各具秀色，主景有石笋峰、笔架山、千尺窗等。从七至十渡一带，群峰如林，江河似锦，山水风光最为雄奇壮美。著名景观有石人峰、龙山大“佛”字、望佛台、石门、棒糙岩及跳水台等，令人美不胜数，留连观瞻。这里有一大水湾，河水湍急，水声悦耳，潭深莫测，鱼群活跃，有时甲鱼爬上岸晒太阳，更富浓烈野趣。

十渡山山石奇峰险，渡渡水清景美，峰、石、峡、水、洞、溪、潭景景相映，正是三步一景五步一画绘出百里画廊，百米一桥千米一渡构成十渡风光。十渡山水，四季如画，处处是景。初春百花争艳，香溢山川;盛夏群峰叠翠，碧波荡漾;深秋红叶似锦，柿坠枝头;寒冬山岭披银，冰河如镜。恰似一幅绝妙的山水画卷。十渡风景区重要组成部分就是拒马河，它蜿蜒迂回、穿山而过，宛如一条玉带，与山峰映衬，相得益彰，是北方少见的喀斯特地貌景观，景区内山青水秀、环境幽美。人们感叹：“早知有十渡，何必下江南”。十渡峡谷曲流回转，湾阔水深，渡渡可乘舟划船，青山野渡风韵如画，渡渡有名，渡渡立标。

十渡山水秀丽，早在1500多年前北魏郦道元在其中就有详细描述。清朝乾隆皇帝数次来此寻游，每游必即兴写诗，房山县志中就有乾隆皇帝的诗赋八首。此引其中之一首为例：“潦水尽寒潭，横桥渡六骖。渚烟宜画染，旅景与诗谙。岸苇白无力，崖枫丹欲甜。遥源何处是，重垒缋云岚。”明代荣国公姚广孝、傅若金等历史名人都曾以拒马河为名写过十渡赞美诗赋。自1978年十渡开发旅游以来，中央和北京市重要领导人多次来十渡考察观光。

美丽的山水风光也成为电影外景拍摄的理想之地，先后有《五个少林拳》、《战争插曲》、《盖世英雄》、《大路朝天》、《西楚霸王》、《戏说乾隆》、《武则天》、《三国演义》、《张铁匠浪漫史》、《流泪的红蜡烛》、《大地之子》、《白求恩大夫》、《天与地》、《东周列国》、《西游记》、《碧雪青天杨家将》、《孔雀公主》、《小放牛》、《侠义英雄》、《仙鹤神珍》、《山乡》、《诱僧》、《天龙八部》、《萧十一郎》等近百部电影、电视和广告在此拍摄外景。

十渡风景区内的文物古迹众多，如古城址、古炮台、古建筑、古地道、古战场、摩崖石刻等及近代革命活动遗址及有纪念意义的纪念馆，六壮士纪念碑、赵然墓等区级文物保护单位，平西抗日烈士陵园被列为全国爱国主义教育基地。这些历史遗迹对于增强人们对祖国大好河山的热爱和保护有着重要意义，同时也具有珍贵的文学艺术、历史教育价值。十渡还有丰富的民俗文化，有关老人脸、一线天、蝙蝠山、石人峰等景观来历都有许多脍炙人口的民间传说，同时还有丰富的风土人情及独具特色的饮食文化，也有颇具地方和民族特色的山寨和民居等。 平西抗日战争纪念馆

平西抗日战争纪念馆座落在北京市房山区十渡。这里青山野渡、百里画廊、山明水净、风景秀丽，是闻名中外的国家级风景游览区。

1985年，曾长期在平西战斗过的萧克、杨成武、肖文玖等老将军和李德仲、陆平等老同志倡议，在十渡建立平西抗日烈士陵园，以永远缅怀抗日战争期间在平西牺牲的先烈。1985年10月2日在十渡拒马河畔卧龙山之上，建立了“平西抗日烈士纪念碑”。在党和政府的亲切关怀下和社会各界人士的真情关爱下，经过20xx年的辛勤建设，平西抗日烈士陵园已经发展成为拥有平西抗日烈士纪念碑、无名烈士纪念地、烈士碑林、平西抗日战争纪念馆等占地近50000平方米的著名烈士纪念性建筑。

在纪念抗日战争胜利60周年之际，投资近20xx0万元、总建筑面积4350平方米的平西抗日战争纪念馆新馆落成。纪念馆里陈列着实物、照片、文字等珍贵的史料，集中反映了抗战时期平西军民在党的领导下不屈不挠、英勇斗争的伟大精神和众志成城、前赴后继的革命气概，向世人展示着一幅幅血与火的历史画卷。

“青山有幸埋忠骨”。距离平西抗日烈士陵园约20华里的“无名烈士墓”，高山耸立，青柏苍翠，埋葬着抗日战争时期牺牲在这里的无法查据姓名的先烈忠骨。

平西抗日烈士陵园建园以来，利用难得的史料遗迹，宣传平西军民的英雄气概和伟大精神，使前来瞻仰参观的社会各界群众受到了难得的爱国主义和革命传统教育。20xx年来，已先后接待来自全国各地的瞻仰参观者愈百万人;近百所大、中、小学在这里建立了“德育教育基地”。平西抗日烈士陵园先后被国务院、民政部、北京市人民政府授予“全国爱国主义教育基地”、“全国烈士纪念建筑物管理工作先进单位”、“国防教育基地”和“青少年教育基地”等荣誉称号。

平西抗日烈士陵园

平西抗日烈士陵园位于北京西南约百公里的房山区十渡地区。在抗日战争时期，曾是北平西部地区著名的抗日根据地——平西抗日根据地，是晋察冀抗日根据地的重要组成部分。它是连接敌占区与晋察冀边区的一条重要通道，许多青年学生、爱国志士和国际友人从这里奔向根据地和延安，奔向各个抗日战场。有多少短缺的军需民用物资，秘密地从敌占区经这里运往边区，有多少我党的干部从这里深入敌占区开辟了地下工作的阵地，它是晋察冀边区的北部屏障，抵御着敌人的疯狂“扫荡”，也是我军挺进冀东，开辟平北的前进阵地，游击战争提供了坚持和发展的有利条件。为平北地区的开辟先后派出干部、武工队和挺进军主力;邻近的冀中十分区也曾以这里的崇山峻岭为它的后方基地。在八年的艰苦抗战的岁月里，平西与兄弟地区血肉相连，互相帮助，互相支援，顽强不屈地巍然屹立在华北大地。 平西抗日根据地军民不但在抗日战争中为保卫华北、保卫晋察冀、保卫延安的党中央做出了贡献，为保卫平西这块土地、保卫平西人民也付出了重大牺牲，更为解放全华北、收复东北、解放全中国做出了重大贡献。为了缅怀抗日战争在平西牺牲的无数革命先烈，在平西抗日根据地生活战斗多年的萧克、杨成武、李德仲等一大批老将军、老领导倡议下，于1985年在房山县十渡卧龙山上修建了平西抗日烈士纪念碑，作为平西抗日根据地的纪念地，传播和弘扬民族精神，接受爱国主义和革命传统教育，激励后人奋进。

峰林峡谷景观沿拒马河两岸的峡谷地带，出露的基岩几乎都是中元古界雾迷山组遂口条带及遂石团块状白云岩，属可溶性盐岩层，是形成岩溶地貌的基础。本区上奥陶纪(距今4.5亿年)以前，大约十几亿年的历史为古海洋所占据，形成一套巨厚的海相沉积。奥陶纪之后本区隆起为陆，经过晚古生代和中生代的长期隆起、抬升、侵蚀，又经过新生代的强烈构造运动、差异性升降运动的影响，以及河流强烈侵蚀下切和各种流水溶蚀作用，形成崖壁陡峭、峰丛林立、奇峰异石遍布、洞穴景观奇特的地貌形态，有较深的地质文化魅力。

1、地表岩溶地貌 地表岩溶地貌主要发育在拒马河河谷两侧，由产状平缓的中元古界雾迷山组碳酸盐岩地层形成的峰丛、峰林、孤峰、平顶山、谷地组合型岩溶地貌，是北方地区少见的规模较大的岩溶景观。最典型的有笔架山、蝙蝠山、龙山、虎山、麒麟山、童子山等山峰及其它自然优美的山体，都是保护的重点。

2、地下岩溶洞穴

地下岩溶洞穴是本景区重要的地质遗迹之一。它集中分布在景区的北部东关上、王老铺、栗元厂、六合村和西太平，呈北西—南东方向展布，为一长约16公里、宽约4公里的岩溶洞穴带。绝大多数洞穴赋存于中元古界蓟县系铁岭组地层内，只有西太平洞穴赋存在上元古界青白口系景儿峪组灰岩中。这些成群出现的岩溶洞穴形态独特，成因不同，景观有别。区内洞穴大致有三种成因类型：第一种是东关上落水洞，其深246米，洞底面积近10000M2，形成大厅式洞穴，故称“龙仙宫”;第二种是由地下河冲刷侵蚀作用形成的具有双层结构的长700米的三清地下大峡谷;第三种溶蚀洞穴，由各种化学沉积作用形成的堪称地下艺术殿堂的仙栖洞。

3、拒马河谷地及河流阶地

拒马河不仅是景区唯一的地表水资源，而且在景区内形成许多重要的地质遗迹，如四渡和仙龙岛等地保存完好的河漫滩、阶地，西石门附近的离堆山及古河道等，它们是景区景点的重要组成部分。

4、海相沉积遗迹

在距今8—14亿年间，景区是一片汪洋大海。经过长达6亿年的沉积，形成了巨厚的富镁硅碳酸盐岩，在这些碳酸盐岩中，含有丰富的藻类生物化石—叠层石。叠层石在景区内分布广泛，类型多样，具有重要的科研、科普、教学和观赏价值。另外，在海洋沉积的过程中，由于气候环境等变化，形成并保留了许多很有价值的地质现象，如沉积波痕、交错层理、风暴岩、硅质条带、硅质团块(石中石)等。最典型的叠层石分布在普渡山庄、孤山寨、东湖港、六合山庄等地;典型的石中石在孤山寨、东湖港和六合山庄等都有很好的出露。

5、构造形迹

由于受区域营力作用和构造运动的影响，岩石中褶皱、裂隙非常发育。有张性裂隙、X节理、棋盘格构造、劈理构造、复式褶皱、挤压破碎带、牵引构造、层间小型揉皱等比比皆是。最典型的有孤山寨的“一线天”(张性裂隙)、七渡褶皱构造、六合山庄挤压破碎带等地质构造形迹和化石产地。

景点

区内有孤山寨、仙峰谷、万景仙沟、南方大峡谷、普渡山庄、平西抗日烈士陵园、仙栖洞、天池山、西湖港、五星峡谷10个景点;有拒马乐园、九渡漂流、八渡划船场、六渡划船场、清江九龙潭等娱乐点。

十渡国家地公园：十渡国家地质公园坐落在北京市房山区西南部、拒马河中上游，东西长25公里，南北宽12公里，面积301平方公里。地质公园以奔腾的拒马河为依托，以两岸典型的峰林、峰丛、岩溶洞穴等喀斯特景观为主体，集合了丰富的构造形迹、海相沉积遗迹和厚重的历史文化景观。这里有独特的地质背景和优美的自然环境，是一处集旅游观光、休闲度假、科普教育于一体的多功能国家地质公园。

十渡民俗风情苑：“十渡民俗风情苑”是十渡“国家地质公园”内的新建亮丽景点之一，它位于北京市房山区十渡镇内，距镇政府所在地不过百米，京原铁路、高等级公路贯通全境，交通十分便利。民俗风情苑的地理位置也十分优越，它坐北朝南，依山傍水，阳光充足，既有平地，又有高山，占地近四百亩，面河靠山。河两岸高山耸立，山上怪石磷峋。

葡萄园度假山庄：葡萄园山庄坐落在十渡风景名胜区的七渡，因具有五十余亩葡萄养殖基地而得名。山庄四周群山环绕，重叠的山峦，郁郁葱葱的草木尽收眼底，特殊的自然环境，形成了独特的小气候，夏无酷暑，冬无严寒，吸引着人们纷至沓来。如诗如画的佳境曾引来无数新老客户的青睐。

太平猴山生态景区：北京十渡太平猴山生态景区坐落在被誉为“青山野渡，百里画廊”的十渡国家地质公园景区内的西太平村。这里群山环绕，地势险要，泉水涓涓，植被丰茂。太平猴山内远有十万年前古生物生活遗址及众多生动传说，近有肖克将军的抗日根据地和许多鲜为人知的故事，更有石猴赏月、猩猩观溪、凤凰开屏、玉女峰等天成之作。

东湖港：东湖港自然风景区，位于十渡国家地质公园(十五渡)，与野三坡毗邻，距北京市区106公里，是绿色旅游和度假的胜地，享有“北方小华山”的美誉。经铁索桥进入景区，翠绿的檀林，蜿蜒的千年古藤遍布整个峡谷，古老而神秘。奇特的“三叠瀑布”水流分三叠落差，直流急下，瀑水入潭击石飞溅。

西湖港：西湖港自然风景区!这里不仅有桂林的奇山秀水，更有清泉峭岩之景，飞瀑叠翠之貌。北宋年间的范仲淹曾赞誉到：“丹峰翠壁相辉映，纵有王维画不如。”“一桥飞架南北，天堑变通途”，一座铁索桥横跨拒马河，铁索桥入口处百米码头与天然石舫遥相呼应。两岸绿树葱郁，金沙泛光，山湖一色。

拒马乐园：拒马乐园是十渡自然风景区景色最好、娱乐项目最集中、游客最多、品位最高的景区，也是被誉为“十渡蹦极、神州第一”中国第一座蹦极所在地。它横跨八渡的麒麟山于拒马河之间，山水环抱，现已形成集山上、山下、水上、空中于一体的大型综合游乐园，主要有碧莹水上游乐场、石佛馆、索道、甭急、峡谷飞人、滑翔飞翼等景区景点。

碧莹水上游乐场：碧莹水上游乐场位于十渡风景名胜区九渡村境内，水域面积200亩，水面长度1300米，平均宽度100米，平均深度0.8米，经培训合格的救生员随时在水上巡逻，确保游客的安全。碧莹水上游乐场四面环山，水流缓慢，水质清湛，微风轻拂，碧波荡漾，丝丝涟漪，与两岸悬崖断壁、绿柳茵茵构成了一幅绝妙的山水画。

万景仙沟：万景仙沟自然风景区位于十渡风景区九渡村南，是十渡旅游风景区中三大美峡之一，沟内有两条支谷和数条须谷，一条支谷向南直通笛子庵与孤山寨毗邻一条支谷向西,直边笔架山,沟内山奇石怪,泉清潭碧,有杏劈石、镇龟石、神猴峰、镇狐石、无字碑、织锦台、笔架山等奇妙景观20余处。

孤山寨：孤山寨自然风景区是造福人类大自然孕育出一个人间胜景。它位于十渡风景名胜区得七渡村村南，因三座孤立的山峰而得名，峡谷长约10公里，峡谷蜿蜒，山石奇异，瀑布飞鸣，以“野、奇、幽、奥“而著称。漫游孤山寨，两侧山峰林立，怪石嶙峋，越是向里走，山势越险峻，峡谷越窄，植被越丰茂，景致越优美，峡谷最窄处仅有5米宽。

六渡碧波园：六渡碧波园度假村是十渡的一颗璀璨的明珠。它位于七渡孤山寨的对面，水域广阔，面积达300多亩。碧波泛舟，您可欣赏十渡独特的风光，群山环抱，高山峻岭倒映水中，神奇迷离。南侧是陡峭石壁、高耸入云;北侧是细沙连滩，轻托碧水，人游水面，鱼翔浅底，整个碧波园充满着诗情画意。

仙峰谷：仙峰谷是十渡地区五渡桥东南的一条景色优美的峡谷。该谷北邻拒马河，内含景观丰富，年接待游客数万人，谷内奇石林立、水碧潭深、山高峰陡、云雾缥缈，置身于其中，颇有进入仙境之感。仙峰谷以“仙”字著称。“仙泉把谷口;水往高处流;巨石远来客;驼峰自然秀。”为仙峰谷四奇景观。踏进仙峰谷，一泉六瀑十二潭，处处见水流。

“天堑”一线天：一线天是地质上的断层裂隙，这条巨缝长达65米，高35米-45米，宽1米-1.5米,最窄处仅0.6-0.7米，一人通过两壁擦肩，进入巨缝凉爽宜人，抬头仰望只见一线蓝天，是华北地区最大的一线天，堪称地质奇观。两侧山岩奇异，岩石表面有轻微溶蚀，略有凹凸不平，在细小缝隙中有类似石钟乳的沉淀形态，因为雨水的渗入和溶蚀，在两壁岩石面上出现斑驳的沉积和侵蚀痕迹，如壁画，似崖刻，有的形如飞禽走兽，有的如树木花草，也有的似云霞如波涛，千姿百态，美不胜收，更增加了这一奇观的神秘感。 仙峰谷“飞来石”：该石长5米，高3米，宽3米，其所在的河床和两侧山坡、山峰的出露基岩皆为中元古界蓟县雾迷山组遂石条带白云岩，而该石同则与之不同，它是由很多棱角状石块胶结而成，且火遂石成分含量较高，称为同生角砾石。在地质上，把远地而来与所在地基岩性质不同的岩石称为飞来石。这块飞来石的形成在中生代以前距今2.5亿年之前，至此处安家落落至少也有200万年的历史了，它的形成和来历是一部复杂的地质历史纪录，是开展科普教育重要的实物标本。

“同圆藻”化石：这块巨石是中元古界蓟县系时代的古海洋中藻类繁生，在碳酸盐沉积过程中形成的化石。在这种叠层石化中，因藻类种属繁多，常见的平面形态常具有同心圆的构造，故又叫同圆藻化石，眼前这块化石是在大约距今11-13亿年前形成的，高7米，宽6米，厚约2米，形态完整，化石连片，结构清楚，层面构造在众多同圆藻化石中非常典型，是罕见的地质奇观。

千古河床“石中石”：在距今14-10亿年前，这里为浅海环境，当时气候潮湿炎热，际地上的大量碳酸钙、碳酸镁被水溶解带到海洋中沉淀，形成石灰岩或白云岩，同时陆地上的二氧化硅也以胶体的形式被一团一团的带到海洋中，并随海洋里正在沉积的石灰岩和白云岩一起沉积，就形成了现在这种在岩石中包裹着的一个一个圆形、椭圆形的似爪状的石块。这石块比包围它的基岩硬度大，颜色也略暗些，故称这一景观为石中石。这种海洋中两种不同物质同时沉积形成的岩石，具有很高的观赏和科普价值。

神秘的龙山"佛"字：十渡有座龙山，在它上边一块直上直下的崖壁上，有一个苍劲有力的“佛”字，高3米多，宽约2米，远看则清，近看则蒙;雨后则真，平日则虚。这个“佛”字完全是自然形成的，是水沿岩石的节理裂隙面溶蚀风化后形成的痕迹。龙山的岩石属白云岩，白云岩可被含有二氧化碳的水溶蚀，所以在有裂隙的地方，当有雨水渗入时就发生表面溶蚀。由于裂隙面的不平整、不均匀，有的地方溶蚀较重，在同一岩层面上也有颜色深浅的变化，往往形成各种花斑、不规则的图案，致于它能形成“佛”字形态，那完全是偶然、巧合，被称为世界自然奇观。

天然石佛：平峪村一位羊倌，在跌下数十丈深的山涧后，发现崖壁脚下有一个形象逼真的石佛，双手腹前交叉自然而立，五官俱全，眉须分明。经专家鉴定，这是一大自然奇石，它是由上水石挟杂钟乳石碎块堆积而成的像形石。石人身上长满了青苔，且在“嘴”下、眉上等凹陷部位生长少许青草，颇似胡须和长眉，身上的青苔像衣服，头部五官部位是没长青草的裸露部分，是不上水的钟乳石碎块被胶结，两臂和手也是钟乳石碎块。石人原位于峭壁下面，从石灰岩缝隙中渗出的含碳酸钙水溶液，因水压减低和温度降低，使溶液中碳酸钙发生沉淀，在上水石堆积过程中也掺进崩落下来的钟乳石碎块，因其形成在阴暗潮湿的地方，故上面长满青苔，它能形成直立人形，完全是各种因素共同作用下的自然巧合，是一个罕见的自然奇观。

七渡“太阳升”：在河岸的悬崖壁上，岩层呈清楚的半圆形隆起，一层一层的石灰岩以同心状叠置，在垂直于半圆方向上发生一系列裂隙，如发自圆心的辐射线，从七渡桥西面隔河远望，好像刚刚升起的太阳，放射着光芒，故称这一景观为“太阳升”。此景观是岩层褶曲现象，在地质学科上称为背斜构造，它是地壳上升隆起产生的地层褶曲，岩石向上凸起的部分形态称为背斜，向下凹曲的岩层形态称为向斜。背斜、向斜构造在野外是常见的现象，但是像这样完整圆滑，又有如此形象的放射性裂隙，实在是典型、罕见，堪称地质奇观

龟寿山：在眼前的状似大三角形的山峰上，由上至下，有无数高起的石块，形像乌龟，大小不等，在沿着斜边向下爬行，象是要爬下山峰，到河中饮水，故称此山为龟寿山。

王老铺的“三清洞”：从六渡向北，在王老铺村西约1公里处的坡脚下有一个溶洞，当地称为三清洞。洞穴已测部分600米长。洞内是单一的溶蚀景观，基本没有石钟乳等化学堆积。但是洞体规模宏大，侵蚀、溶蚀形态十分奇特，多为成排分布的窝穴状、钟罩状溶蚀圆坑。有的窝穴形态奇特、巨大、互相连通，像人工开凿的一排排石窟，像天花板上的灯罩，像满天繁星，真是鬼斧神工，令人惊叹称绝。洞穴景观与石花洞、银狐洞、云水洞等截然不同，它是一种奇特的溶洞景观类型，不仅具有很高的观赏价值，而且具有很高的科学价值。它的发现和开发将为首都人民提供一处新型的溶洞旅游景点，为岩溶科研、科普开辟一处理想园地。

蝙蝠山：在十渡，有三峰叠翠，错落有致，高低跌荡的壮丽景观，形似一只巨大的蝙蝠，伸展着阔大的翅膀，在茫茫云霄下翩翩起舞，永不知疲倦地迎接着四面八方的游人。传说以前，人们夜里逃避洪水来到小山丘，但是人们发现水位上升，小山丘也往上长，两侧各伸出一膊，人们离地面越来越高。洪水退去之后，人们惊讶发现是一只黑色的蝙蝠救了他们，那小山丘是蝙蝠的头，两肢是它的翅膀，故把这座形似蝙蝠的山称为蝙蝠山。

仙栖洞：在十渡屏幕山旅游区西南约两公里的山腰上有一股清泉，名叫黑牛水。泉水出口直径约50厘米，常年流淌不止，水量很大。当地人曾用六寸抽水泵抽水2个月，未曾抽干过。70年代当地村民挖了一个容量5000立方米的蓄水池，用它浇灌山下百余亩梯田、果树。在历史上少有的大旱之年，水量也不见减少。经过有关专家多次勘察，认为地下可能为一大型充水溶洞，为开发旅游，当地人于1998年投资开凿岩洞，这座被尘封了亿万年的艺术殿堂，于1999年终于展现在人们面前，命名为“仙栖洞”。本溶洞发育在奥陶纪厚层灰岩地层中，已探深度超过3000米，仍未尽头。洞内厅堂深遂广布，暗河纵漫无源，多色种乳群现，大量钟乳石造型奇绝、精妙、玲珑，令人叹为观止，不禁称绝，堪称地下艺术天堂，已命名的景观如仙栖神堂、白塔流苏、仙栖飞瀑、仙塔寻根、百纳神针、龟寿延年、五彩玉帘、仙栖来客、琼浆玉液酿瑶池等近百处。特别是该洞入口为水洞，划船400米水路，再登陆观景，这在华北地区是少见的，其水路长度(在北方)仅次于本溪水洞。这是北京地区继石花洞穴后又一大型溶洞，有些景观可与石花洞比美，其水景可与石花洞互补。信步于洞内尤如与尘世隔绝，恍若来至仙境。这真是大自然在20世纪末赐给人类的造化宝库。 九脸画山：山峰的崖壁上，有一张张栩栩如生的人脸。这些脸随着太阳光线的变化而变化，有时看象少女，有时看象老人，有时看象顽童。这些生动的人脸，并不是人工巧匠雕凿而成，而是大自然天然形成，在大脸的周围还有许多小脸，最多者可看出九个脸，故称九脸画山。

十渡

一渡：在东头的张坊，这里山青水秀，景色清丽。 二渡：过了二渡渡桥，能看见千河口的五指山，此山因形如如来佛的五指而得名，在这一带的山坡上，遍地都是山石盆景原料“上水石”,可随意采集。

三渡：过了三渡桥，映入眼帘的是南方大峡谷，峡谷中有古朴典雅的古代城楼、千奇百怪的山峰，构成了一派江南风光，因此称为江南大峡谷。、、等几十部影片都是在这里拍摄的，不过进峡谷需花门票钱。

三渡的另一个著名景点是穆柯寨。穆柯寨位于南方大峡谷西部拒马河南岸的一条峡谷中，这里曾是辽宋古战场。传说是女英雄穆桂英当年占山为王时的山寨遗址，也是穆家的后人世代繁衍生息的地方，沿山路，进入层层寨门，可想见当年雄姿。这里有聚义厅、练武场、点将台、射箭场、迷魂阵、天门镇图等建筑可供观赏。

四渡：四渡的清江九龙潭风景区以沙滩浴场和千尺窗一线天峡谷为依托，峰林秀丽，河水碧清。这里的沙滩浴场除了可以游泳外，还有游船可供游玩，山上建有速降项目可供游人娱乐。

五渡：五渡最著名的景点是仙峰谷，这是由拒马河水在山间冲刷出来的一条小裂缝。山下建有娱乐城，可供午餐和娱乐。水中有游船，岸边有马队，是一处比较清幽的地方。

六渡：六渡主要是沙滩浴场，这里河滩平缓，水清沙细，是十渡风景画廊上一处极好的休闲场所，特别适合儿童嬉戏，附近景区有石人嶂峡谷。

七渡：孤山寨为七渡村南的一条风景沟谷，沟中的一线天长300米，高百米，是北京地区迄今为止发现的“一线天”之最。沟谷中的河床为完整的岩石基底，大都不见碎石和裂隙，沿河床可见到书页状页岩、叠层石、同源包裹体等多种地址奇观，被地质学家选定为地址科普旅游的示范基地。七渡中还有风动石景区，并建有飞降娱乐项目。

八渡：八渡以奇峰、秀水著称，有滨河公园、石笋峰、望佛堂等景点。

九渡：九渡是十渡的旅游中心，这里不仅有整个十渡地区最大的水面，更有十渡地区最多的宾馆、最多的娱乐项目：北京市最早的蹦极跳台建在水面的小山上，水中各种游船(包括香蕉船、水上自行车、电动船等)应有尽有。

十渡：十渡是游人乘京原线火车进入风景区的出入口，附近景点有罗圈湖、洞中天、塔山仙池、石门、牛影洞、览胜峰狐狸脸等。

九道弯大峡谷自然风景区国家AA级自然风景区，位于北京市密云县石城镇境内，距北京市区约88公里，东直门经101国道至密云县城转乘公交(或小客)可达。属白云岩构成的天然峡谷型风景区。1995年开发1996年向社会开放。

九道湾大峡谷东起密云水库，西起云蒙山主峰。景区峡谷是密云县地区水量最大、最长的一条溪谷。九道弯大峡谷全长6.6公里，宽0.5公里，两侧有徒峭悬崖又有丘坡土山，野生松柏灌木丛生。峡谷上端有山泉从海拔1000米处顺势流下，贯穿峡谷河道，泉水清澈，四季长流不枯。形成山青水秀、野花丛生、道路平坦、溪水长流、自然天成的自然景观。清心瀑位于峡谷终点，高80米、宽40米，落差极大，数万年冲刷形成岩石水潭，深15米，园周半径2.5米。积水浅绿，自溢外流。峡谷弯曲九道，每道均有不同特色景观向里依次分布。九道弯大峡谷风景区可观赏春花、夏瀑、秋果、冬景，既是旅游、渡假、避暑的胜地，又是探险、考察、野营、实习的园地，更是垂钓、篝火、野炊、采摘的乐园。此处峡谷中有鲇鱼洞、月牙山、龟蛙石、夫妻石、蜗牛潭、卧龙石、锁溪石、叠水洞、飞水洞、双瀑潭、奇凉界、王母浴池、清心瀑等78处天然景观，形成一湖、五瀑十八潭的特色佳景。景区拥有自行开发的采摘山场66万平方米，盛产栗子、核桃、李子、红果、梨、山杏、大枣等纯绿色果品，可供采摘。龟蛙石、夫妻石都具有民间流传的古老神话传说;奇凉界又称“一步凉”是华北地区少有的奇特景观，凉风从洞口吹出，纵使在酷暑季节，一步跨去，顿觉清寒。素有天然空调之称。

大峡谷旅游景区开发后，在景区入口处兴建了天然露天游泳池一处，面积3000平方米。又兴建“拓展训练场”一处，面积500平方米。

各位游客，大家好!

欢迎大家到北京来作客，我叫方芳，大家可叫我方导。今天我将带领各位去游览世界闻名的故宫，希望我们能度过一段快乐的时光。

故宫是我国最大、最完整的皇宫，在世界上堪称最为壮丽的古代建筑群，己有近62019年的历史。

故宫是我国明、清两代24个皇帝的皇宫，故宫的建筑布局分为外朝和内廷。外朝是皇帝举行大典和召见大臣的主要场所。其中建筑是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿这三大殿，文华殿和武英殿分立两侧。内廷是皇上处理日常政务和后宫嫔妃及幼年的皇子居住、游玩、奉神的地方。

故宫共有9000多间宫殿，雕梁画栋，殿宇辉煌，极尽华丽威严。故宫是我国古代建筑大师和能工巧匠非凡技术和丰富相象力的结晶。如：太和殿中有72根支柱，其中6根支柱是镀金的，上有金龙盘绕。透过栏杆往大殿里瞧，你们会瞧见大殿里金碧辉煌。宝座是镀金的，扶手是镀银的，4个香炉是用香木做的，真是富丽堂皇。太和殿后是中和殿，中和殿是皇帝休息的地方。最让你们惊叹的是保和殿后的一块石雕。石雕长16。57米，宽3。07米，厚1。7米，有200多吨重。上面雕着波涛汹涌的大海，腾云驾雾的飞龙。故宫真不愧为中国宝贵的文化遗产呀!

现在我给大家两个小时的自由参观时间。请大家面对我们祖先留下的这些文物时，要格外珍惜，小心，不要损坏，大家可以用照相机照下自己喜欢的部分。还有，除了照片，你什么也别带走，除了身影，你什么也别留下。

我们该回去了，希望大家喜欢北京，有机会再来北京参观其它20处文化遗产。