灵谷寺导游词讲解视频(精选20篇)

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到黄山旅游，我是你们的导游__。

出棠樾牌坊群，车行约十多分钟，便抵达中国历史文化名城歙县，古城徽州。歙县位于杭州、千岛湖、黄山、九华山旅游线的中心点，徽杭、屯芜公路在此交会，皖赣铁路穿越而过。这里山明水秀、风光旖丽。境内古民居群布局典雅，园林、长亭、古桥、石坊、古塔到处可见，犹如一座气势恢宏的历史博物馆。主要景点有：太白楼、新安碑园、许国石坊、斗山街、陶行知纪念馆等。

太白楼位于太平古桥西侧，为黄山至千岛湖途中必经之地。该楼为双层楼阁，挑梁飞檐，为典型徽派建筑，楼内陈列有历代碑刻，古墨迹拓片，古今名人楹联佳名。相传，唐天宝年间，诗人李白寻访歙县隐士许宣平，结果在练江之畔失之交臂，后人为纪念此事，便在李白饮酒的地方建起了这座太白楼。游客登楼可以饱览城西山光水色、古桥塔影。

新安碑园紧邻太白楼，此景区将碑园与园林溶为一体，整个建筑依山就势，多式花墙、漏窗、洞门相互通透，碑廊曲折起伏蜿蜒二百多米。高处立亭，洼处蓄池，竹影婆娑，为徽州私家花园的风格，其园筑于披云峰上，有峰有楼有水，虽然咫尺之地，却是博大胸怀，饶有山野情趣。

许国石坊耸立于徽州城闹市中心，为全国重点文物保护单位，建于明万历十二年(公元1584年)，是朝廷为旌表李保兼太子太保礼部尚书、武英殿大学士许国而立。许国明代嘉靖乙丑(公元1565年)进士，为嘉靖、隆庆、万历三朝的重臣，博行皇上“加恩眷酬”。牌坊四面八柱，呈口字形，石柱、梁坊、栏板、斗拱、雀替均是重四、五吨的大块石料，且全部为质地坚硬的青色茶园石，雕饰镂刻精美细腻，图案错落有致，疏朗多姿。成双结队的彩凤珍禽，翱翔雕梁之间，一个个飞龙走兽，扬威于画壁之中，十二只倚柱石狮，神态各异，体现出徽派石雕独特的表现手法。

现存的南樵楼基本保持宋代的建筑风格，特别是其中的“排栅柱”，乃正宗宋代“营造法”，今已很难见到。东樵楼又名阳和门，原名钟楼，建于明弘治年间，为重檐式的双层楼阁。这两座樵楼咫尺相望。

女士们、先生们：

今天，我带领大家去故宫参观游览。

大家可以看到现在，那座耸立在台阶以上的三层建筑物就是故宫。故宫，又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，故宫是世界是现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群，为我国现存最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1460年)，厉时十四年才完工，共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。 历史很悠久，请细细观赏。无与伦比的古代建筑杰作 紫禁城占地72万多平方米，共有宫殿9000多间，都是木结构、黄琉璃瓦顶、青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。这些宫殿是沿着一条南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在紫禁城内，而且南达永定门，北到鼓楼、钟楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严整，极为壮观。建筑学家们认为故宫的设计与建筑，实在是一个无与伦比的杰作，它的平面布局，立体效果，以及形式上的雄伟、堂皇、庄严、和谐，都可以说是上罕见的。它标志着我们祖国悠久的文化传统，显示着五百多年前匠师们在建筑上的卓越成就，怎么样，很佩服吧!

我们接着看。故宫里最吸引人的建筑是三座大殿：太和殿、中和殿和保和殿。它们 都建在汉白玉砌成的8米高的台基上，远望犹如神话中的琼宫仙阙。第一 座大殿太和殿是最富丽堂皇的建筑，俗称“金銮殿”，是皇帝举行大典的 地方，殿高28米，东西63米，南北35米，有直径达1米的大柱92根，其中6 根围绕御座的是沥粉金漆的蟠龙柱。御座设在殿内高2米的台上，前有造型 美观的仙鹤、炉、鼎，后面有精雕细刻的围屏。整个大殿装饰得金碧辉煌， 庄严绚丽。中和殿是皇帝去太和殿举行大典前稍事休息和演习礼仪的地方。 保和殿是每年除夕皇帝赐宴外藩王公的场所。

跟大家说，游览故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍 贵的文物。故宫博物院藏有大量珍贵文物，据统计总共达1052653件之多， 统称有文物100万件，占全国文物总数的1/6，其中有很多是绝无仅有的国 宝。在几个宫殿中设立了历代艺术馆、珍宝馆、钟表馆等，爱好艺术的人 在这些无与伦比的艺术品前，往往久久不忍离去。设在故宫东路的珍宝馆， 展出各种奇珍异宝。如一套清代金银珠云龙纹甲胄，通身缠绕着16条龙，形 状生动，穿插于云朵之间。甲胄是用约60万个小钢片连结起来的，每个钢 片厚约1毫米，长4毫米，宽1。5毫米，钻上小孔，以便穿线连结。据说，为 制造这套甲胄，共用了4万多个工时。厉害!

由于时间关系，我们就先讲到这里，下面给大家2小时自由参观的时间，请大家不要在墙上乱涂乱画，保护文化遗产，希望大家玩的愉快。

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Its my great honor to be yourtour guide, to accompany you to appreciate the charm of Jiuhua Mountain andspend a perfect time together.

Jiuhua Mountain, located in Qingyang County, South Anhui Province, is oneof the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. Liu Yuxi, a writer of the TangDynasty, praised Jiuhua Mountain after climbing it. He thought that the famousmountains in the world could not compete with Jiuhua Mountain. Li Bai went toMount Jiuhua three times. Jiuhua Mountain is characterized by beautifulmountains and numerous Buddhist temples.

As early as the Eastern Jin Dynasty (401), temples began to be built on themountain. Since then, they have been added and expanded to form a small templein three li and a big temple in five li. The temples spread all over themountain. It is said that there were more than 300 temples with 4500 monks inthe prosperous period. At the moment, there are still 50 or 60 temples incomplete preservation.

When you visit Jiuhua Mountain, you first go to Jiuhua street, which ismore than 600 meters above sea level. It is the center of Jiuhua Mountain, andtemples are mainly concentrated there, so it is called the lotus Buddha kingdom.It is actually a village on the mountain. Besides temples, there are shops,schools, hotels and farmhouses. Visitors can stay there and take it as astarting point to visit the scenic spots on the mountain.

Huacheng temple on Jiuhua street.

Jiuhua Mountain is the oldest ancient temple of Jin Dynasty, and also themain temple of Jiuhua Mountain. The layout of the temples buildings is inaccordance with the mountain situation, reflecting the superb art ofarchitectural design. In the temple, there is an ancient clock which is morethan ten feet high and weighs about 20__ Jin. It is exquisitely cast and has aloud voice. It is struck with a mallet. The solemn and clear sound of the bellreverberates in the valley, which often makes people feel extraordinarilyrefined. Huacheng evening bell became one of the ten scenic spots in Jiuhua.

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

hello，欢迎大家来到九华山，我是今天的导游牛牛，古代诗人李白曾说过‘昔在九江上，遥望九华峰。大河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉。’的著名诗篇。今天我就带领大家好好感受一下九华山的独特美

前两天一场大雨刚过，唤起了九华山的漫山云雾，所以呢，我们可以穿云踏雾走上山径。可以看到山路两旁杉竹成林，泉水淙淙，远远望去，天台峰高穿云间，如一把穿天银剑耸立在云雾之中。仰望天台，峰上云雾缭绕，山径蜿蜒曲折，像一条彩带从云间飘落下来。

我们现在还在半山腰，我看很多游客似乎都已经很累了呀，那我们停下了休息一会吧，大家可以拍拍照，现在这里也是很美的，有没有一种神山住的地方那种感觉，休息够了我们就继续，因为九华山的全景启示是更美的，但是你要看到九华山全景就必须登上山峰，所以为了不虚此行，走吧，咱们一起上，一起加油。

经过一番艰苦的努力，我们终于登上峰顶，大家深呼吸一下是不是觉得空气特别清新呢，而且在这里耳听松涛流泉，环顾四周，但见莽莽苍苍，九华山群峰犹如朵朵莲花在云海中若隐若现，极目远眺，大江如练，是不是好美啊!

大家站在这里，还是不是有一种神仙般的感觉，难得有这么新鲜的空气，大家可一定要到深呼吸几下，我们现在就慢慢欣赏九华山的美吧。

黄荆老林景区是北纬28°线上最后的处女地，位于古蔺县北部，属云贵高原向四川盆地过渡带的赤水河流域，面积433平方公里，平均海拔1300多米，是典型的白垩系红色砂岩中山峡谷丹霞地貌区，也是地球同纬度(北纬28°C)唯一保存完好的亚热带原始常绿阔叶林区。

红龙湖群山环抱，绿树掩映，原始森林和人工林交错分布，林中野兽出没，动、植物资源十分丰富。晴天的湖区水如明镜，青山倒影，飞禽拍打水面，鱼群游弋嬉戏;细雨蒙蒙时，湖面薄雾缭绕，碧波荡漾，湖中小船漫游，渔歌悠悠。冰桂、冰花、玉树，构成了一幅令人心醉神迷的北国风光图，是人们陶冶情操、净化灵魂的圣地。

到达与离开：黄荆老林距纳黔高速叙永县震东乡出口仅60余公里，距成自泸赤高速赤水出口也只有60余公里，正在建设的叙古高速公路通车后，黄荆老林距德耀出口不到40公里。 ①设定出发地为泸州 线路a：泸州——叙永(震东)——德耀镇——黄荆老林 线路b：泸州——赤水——两河口乡——黄荆老林 ②设定出发地为遵义 线路a：遵义——茅台——古蔺——德耀镇——黄荆老林 线路b：遵义——仁怀——赤水——两河口乡——黄荆老林

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Sanfangqixiang scenic spot. Im thecommentator. First of all, lets briefly introduce the general situation ofSanfangqixiang scenic spot.

Sanfangqixiang scenic spot is located in the center of Fuzhou, a millenniumold city, covering an area of about 40 hectares. Three lanes and seven alleyswere first formed in 308 of the Western Jin Dynasty. The architectural patternwas formed in the Tang Dynasty (901) and flourished in the Ming and QingDynasties. It has a history of 1700 years. Taking nanhou street as the centralaxis, three lanes (Yijin lane, Wenru lane and Guanglu Lane) stretch out to thewest, and seven lanes (Yangqiao lane, Langguan lane, Ta lane, Huang Lane, Anminlane, Gong lane and Jibi Lane) stretch out to the East. They are arrangedorderly and vertically, forming a "fishbone" traditional street pattern, whichhas been known as "three lanes and Seven Lanes" since ancient times. After morethan a thousand years, it still retains the pattern of lanes left over from theTang and Song Dynasties, which is extremely rare in the whole country, and isknown as the "living fossil of Lifang system"; there are more than 200 intactMing and Qing ancient buildings in 159 places, including 9 at the nationallevel, 19 at the provincial and municipal level, 131 at the historicalprotection of ancient buildings, and a large number of cultural protectionunits. The concentration degree is the only in China, which is recognized byChinese architects It is also known as the "Museum of architecture of Ming andQing Dynasties". Moreover, the three lanes and seven alleys are also thehabitation of celebrities of past dynasties. In less than 40 hectares of land,more than 400 celebrities of past dynasties have emerged. In particular, a largenumber of people who had an important influence on the process of modern Chinesehistory, such as Lin Zexu, Yan Fu, Lin Juemin, Bing Xin, Lin Huiyin, ShenBaozhen, Chen Baochen, have emerged Today, lets enjoy the historical charm ofSanfangqixiang and the essence of Mindu culture.

As you can see, this is the former residence of two famous people in moderntimes. One is Lin Juemin, one of the 72 martyrs of Huanghuagang; the other isXie Bingxin, a famous female writer. Lin Juemin was an outstandingrepresentative of the 1911 Guangzhou Uprising. After Lin Juemins death, ChenYuankai, the father-in-law of the provisional magistrate, sent people to Fuzhouovernight to inform him of the incident. His family moved to zaoti lane ofGuanglu square to avoid disaster. Later, Xie Bingxins grandfather, Xie luanen,bought the old house.

When it comes to Lin Juemin, we have to mention his book with his wife.This picturesque and poetic masterpiece is sincere, touching and tearful. It notonly expresses the deep regret and cordial feelings between husband and wife,but also expresses the revolutionary spirit and great feelings of "happy tosacrifice my body and your bodys welfare and seek eternal happiness for theworld". It has inspired thousands of warm-blooded young people. It has extremelyprecious historical value and artistic value.

Now we come to the main entrance archway of Sanfang Qixiang. Three lanesand seven alleys in Fuzhou are not only three "lanes" and seven "Alleys", butalso a famous South back street. In the South back street, we can see the threetreasures of Fuzhou, the bodiless lacquerware of Fuzhou, the ox horn comb andthe oil paper umbrella, the famous Shoushan stone and cork paintings of Fuzhou,and all kinds of Fuzhou snacks.

Members of the group! After passing Yangqiao Road, we first came toLangguan lane, one of the Seven Lanes on the left. Why is it called Langguanlane? In the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a man named Liu Tao. He was aLangguan. All his descendants were Langguan, so this lane was called Langguanlane. Next, please visit Yan Fus former residence in his later years. Yan Fu isa famous enlightenment thinker, translator and educator in modern China. He isan outstanding representative of the advanced people who "seek truth from thewest" in modern China. Yan Fu also served as president of Peking University andShanghai Fudan University. Yan Fus translation of tianyanlun.

Now what you can see is Huangxiang. In history, there were eight surnameswho came to Fujian. After the larger Huang family came to Fujian, they settledhere and began to have the place name of Huangxiang. This lane is famous forxiaohuanglou.

We came to the first of the three squares, Yijin square. The earliest nameof yijinfang is tongchaoxiang, which is the closest to Fuzhou West Lake. It issaid that the water of the West Lake was connected with the ditches in thealley. The waterside pavilion stage of yijinfang was announced as a national keycultural relic protection unit in 20__.

"I remember the quiet lights of the city bridge and the sound of readingbooks in the South and north of the lane", let us once again feel thecultivation and edification of the ancient and heavy culture of "three lanes andSeven Lanes" in our hometown.

Thats all for the explanation of "three lanes and Seven Alleys". Ourgathering time is x hours X minutes. You can move around freely and take photos.We can get on the train here on time. Thank you.

这座塔是“字库”，烧纸钱的地方。农历六月二十四庙会的这一天，这里总是热闹非凡，人们会把纸、钱一些歌颂或赞扬李冰的字、画从底层塞入燃烧，塔心中空，青烟直上，塔尖有两只蛤蟆，大家看清楚了没有?烟就从蛤蟆嘴中冲出，直上云霄，这样天上的李冰就可以知道人们对他的评价了。从戏台下面走出大门，一条高陡的石阶梯，把庙宇显得巍峨耸高，返身上看，这隶书“二王庙”匾额，为民国三十年(公元1941年)冯玉祥将军来都江堰时写的，在这里拍照较有纪念意义。

再往下走，林荫深深的阶梯旁，摩崖雕刻着历代积累的都江堰维修治理的经验总结，字句精炼，涵义准确，很有科学价值。比如：这是岁修都江堰的“六字诀”——深淘滩、低作堰。“低作堰”是说飞沙堰不能加高，这“深淘滩”的“滩”指的是凤栖窝(也就是飞沙堰对面淤起的浅滩)的一段河床，在每年枯水季年节岁修清淤时，要深淘。深到什么程度呢?最早水下埋的是三个石人马，以前以涨水不过肩部，水枯时不低于人的足部为标准。现今淘滩，以看到四根卧铁为标准，这四根卧铁分别是明、清和民国时期以及解放后的九十年代埋下的，只要看见四根卧铁就行了，淘得过深，宝瓶口进水量偏大，会造成涝灾;淘得过浅，水量不足，难以灌溉。

茶马古道是指存在于中国西南地域，以马帮为首要交通器材的民间国际商贸通道，是中国西南民族经济文化交换的走廊，茶马古道是一个很黑白凡的区域称呼，是一条天下上天然风物最壮观，文化最为隐秘的旅游绝品线路，它储藏着开拓不尽的文化遗产。茶马古道源于古代西南方疆的茶马互市，兴于唐宋，盛于明清，二战中后期最为昌盛。茶马古道分川藏、滇藏两路，毗连川滇藏，延长入不丹、锡金、尼泊尔、印度境内，直到西亚、西非红海海岸。滇藏茶马古道约莫形成茶马古道汗青照片。

茶马古道于公元六世纪后期，它南起云南茶叶主产区思茅、普洱，中间颠末本日的大理白族自治州和丽江地域、香格里拉进入西藏，直达拉萨。有的还从西藏转口印度、尼泊尔，是古代中国与南亚地域一条重要的商业通道。普洱是茶马古道上独具上风的货品产地和中转集散地，具有着久长的汗青。

在中国旅游，人们有这样的说法：到了北京登墙头，到了西安看坟头，到了桂林观山头，到了上海数人头，到了苏州看丫头，到了昆明……，大家猜猜看该看什么“头”呢?对了，有朋友说了：石头，前面所提的墙头、坟头，所指的就不用说了，而这石头指的就是我们今天即将游览的石林。石林是世界上最大的剑状喀斯特地貌奇观，被列为地球“八大自然景观之一”，与长江三峡、桂林山水和吉林雾凇并称为中国四大自然奇观。石林正在向世界级景观迈进，实现世界地质公园、世界自然遗产、《阿诗玛》叙事长诗世界非物质文化遗产三大国际品牌;实现国家五A级景区，全国文明风景区，《阿诗玛》叙事长诗国家非物质文化遗产三大国内品牌。由此可见石林在云南旅游中的地位。另外我还要告诉大家的是我们云南省的旅游标志就与石林有关，那是什么标志呢，这个谜底我们到了石林后就自然就能解开。正因如此，上至国家元首，下至平民百姓，凡到昆明者必到石林一饱眼福。

路南石林距昆明86公里，有昆石高速公路通达，乘车需要近2个小时。是1984年国务院批准的首批国家级重点风景名胜区。 石林在地质学上称为岩溶地貌，又称喀斯特地貌。据科学鉴定，这里是距今2.7亿年前大海海底石灰石沉淀区，由于地壳的运动，海底上升露出海面，经海水、雨水的溶融、冲刷和风化，约在二百万年前即已形成千百万座拔地而立的石峰，与众多的石柱、石笋、石芽连为石林。石林分布面积达三万公顷(四十余万亩)，向游人开放面积八十公倾(约一千二百亩)。路南石林以其"幽、奇"在世界自然景观中堪称一绝，被誉为"天下第一奇观"，是世界上最壮观的石林景区之一。国内外旅游者有“ 不到石林，等于未到过云南”的说法。

各位朋友，云南石林的发育与其它同类地貌地区相比具有多种形态并存、高大石林(最高者超过40米)集中发育、保留了高原期和湖盆原始古地形。世界各地的剑状喀斯特地貌，论面积之广大，保存之完好，发育之典型，年代之古老，造型之独特，类型之齐全，云南石林首屈一指。更有胜者，它与民族文化紧密相连，它以独一无二的雄姿、神韵、意境和无法抗拒的魅力，当之无愧地赢得了“天下第一奇观”的美称

石林的主要游览区李子箐石林，面积约12平方公里，游览面积约1200亩。主要由石林湖、大石林、小石林和李子园几个部分组成，游路5000多米，是石林景区内单体最大，也是最集中、最美的一处。每年农历六月二十四日的火把节，石林四周的彝、汉等各族群众都要从四面八方汇集到石林欢庆佳节。人们在白天举行摔跤、爬杆、斗牛等比赛活动，夜晚则燃起熊熊篝火，耍龙、舞狮、表演民族歌舞。阿细跳月、大三弦舞则是最受欢迎的传统节日。

各位耳闻了石林成因，了解了石林的价值，我想大家早就按捺不住探奇的冲动了。好，要识庐山真面目，各位就请随我进入林中一探究竟吧。参观石林，随时间的不同，角度的变化，光线的强弱，会看到不同的景观。还要提醒大家，游览石林可一定要发挥大家的想象力哦。谢谢大家!

许国石坊左边是徽园，素有“徽州文化大观园”之称，是在歙县新建的仿古旅游城。再现了徽州明清时期的风貌，气势宏大，鳞次错落，脉传徽州文化之神韵，新创徽派建筑之精华。走进徽园，就如走进了婉约的江南，走进了古朴典雅的徽州古城。

各位游客，我们现在继续往前走，不远处就是人民教育家陶行知少年读书的崇一学堂了，后修建为陶行知纪念馆。新建部分与老馆衔接，仿徽派建筑，给人以情

的熏陶，美的享受，行的启迪，力的源泉。一进大门，宏伟典雅，风格独特的瞻仰厅展现在你的眼前。“万世师表”匾额，金光灿灿，系宋庆龄手迹。陶行知书写的对联“捧着一颗心来，不带半根草去”，是他终生恪守的人生真谛。

名，为文化历史名城一级保护区。斗山街是一处集古民居、古街、古雕、古井、古牌坊于一体的旅游文化景点。建于明清时期的斗山街、有典型的徽州民宅大院，犹如一幅长长的历史画卷，向你娓娓讲述着古老而又凄美的故事。

名城歙县不仅风景如画，人文深厚，而且明清建筑，新安医学，徽州雕刻等也有很高的艺术成就。今天的歙县古城一日游到此结束了!欢迎大家继续走进歙县，祝你们旅途快乐!

束河，一个间隔丽江古城仅仅有七公里的古城。她是曾经的茶马古道重镇，汗青乃至比丽江还要长远。风光胜景束河古镇依山傍水，民居房舍犬牙交织，面对故乡阡陌;北瞰玉龙，东南瞻象山、文笔，四时风物幻化，尤其村头两处根源，个中一潭水，称为"九鼎龙潭"，又称"龙泉"。潭周绿柳垂地，翠柏指天，泉水清亮，游鱼可数。从潭中溢出的流水蜿蜒于村中道旁，远近汩汩有声，润泽陌头巷尾，清洌甘爽，涌流一直，使黎民沾恩无限。

汗青上以"束河八景"而闻名，它们是"烟柳平桥、夜市萤火、断碑敲音、西山红叶、鱼水亲人、龙门望月、雪山反照、石莲夜读"。九鼎龙潭边有清代构筑"三圣宫"，绿树掩映、花木扶疏、飞檐翘角，登临其上，令民气旷神怡。青龙桥畔，河水哗闹，烟柳拂波，更有古朴民居，粉墙青瓦，坎坷错落，依山而筑，临水而居，一派"小桥流水"情调。最佳旅游时刻束河茶马古道地处云南丽江，丽江的大部门地域冬暖夏凉。年均匀气温在12.6℃～19.8℃，最热月的均匀气温为18.1℃～25.7℃，最冷月均匀气温为4℃～11.7℃，四序皆宜旅游。

汗青文化束河茶马古道汗青：公元680年，吐蕃南征，在丽江设立"神川都督府"，茶马古道由此起始：唐明皇禁茶入藏，促成滇茶进藏;宋王朝的军事必要，刺激"茶马互市的繁荣";于是，从元、明以来到近代，茶马古道成为滇、藏、川之间经济文化交换的纽带。茶马古道起于滇南，颠末大理、丽江、迪庆、拉萨，止于印度，贯串中国西部人文风情和天然风物最具魅力的"三江并流"和"香格里拉"区域，分外引人存眷。

大家好，我叫陈惠，大家叫我陈惠就行了，这次去参观北京故宫，我就是大家的导游，希望大家旅途愉快!

参观故宫，一是欣赏丰富多彩的建筑艺术;二是观赏陈列于室内的珍贵的文物。我重点为大家讲一下丰富多彩的建筑艺术。

故宫建筑丰富多彩，仅不同形式的屋顶就有10种以上，比如故宫的正门“午门”又叫“五凤楼”，为什么叫“五凤楼”呢?因为在十米高的城墙上耸立着五座城楼，楼顶屋檐翘起，从上面看就像五只展翅欲飞的凤凰，所以又叫“五凤楼”。

故宫内有很多大小不一的宫殿，据说共有九千九百九十九间半，够多吧!打个比方说，如果一个婴儿从哇哇坠地开始，每晚住不同的房间，等他住完所有房间以后，已经是一个27岁的年轻人啦。

其实故宫里只有八千七百零七间，为什么呢，这里面还有个小故事呢。永乐皇帝当时想盖九千九百九十九间半，但丞相刘伯温在出去买材料时，看见老百姓的生活越来越苦，就出一些钱分给了老百姓，结果剩下的钱就不够盖那么多房间了。

好了，现在大家自由参观半小时，半小时后在午门前集合

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

上海人民广场被誉为“城市绿肺”的人民广场位于市中心，是一个金融行政、文化、交通、商业为一体的园林式广场。下面是小编为大家收集的关于上海人民广场英文讲解导游词，欢迎大家阅读!

上海人民广场英文讲解导游词

Brief：

Peoples Square is the biggest public square in Shanghai. It is an awesome area to visit while in Shanghai and it’s a great place to go and see how the people of Shanghai are.

It is the city’s center of politics, economy, culture and art with a group of magnificent buildings like museum, the exhibition hall, and the grand theater.

The crystal-like theater is especially beautiful at night with lights on.

History:

In concession days, together with People’s Park next door, it was a racecourse.

After liberation in 1949, the northern part of the racecourse was built into today’s People Park and the southern part, into the People’s Square.

Location：

Located in downtown Shanghai, the People Square is the largest public square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Fountain

In the center of the square is a 320 sq. meter fountain，named the “Light of the Huangpu River”. It is the first giant music-synchronized "dancing" fountain in the country. Red, blue and yellow sculptures in the fountain portray a beautiful, glowing display, creating a grand sight for those who visit the area.

There are two small squares beside the central square. The east square is called the Rising Sun Square; the west is called the Bright Moon Square.

Transportation:

Under the Square is a large central Metro station where the No.1 and 2 metro lines meet.

Within the station itself are two modern marketplaces: one features popular stores from the Hong Kong, and the other is the Dimei underground market.

Pigeons

Southwest of the square is a beautiful blue and white home for pigeons! Thousands of pigeons fly from their house to the Squares lawn to meet tourists each day. Their coming promotes a feeling of peace and serenity to all that visit the area.

Spots brief:

To the north of the Square stands a grand building, the City Hall (the Municipal Government Building of Shanghai).

The Shanghai Museum is located south of the Square and directly faces the City Hall.

The beautiful Shanghai Grand Theatre is situated in the northwest part of the Square, and is close to the Government Building.

To the northeast of the Square is the Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall.

Shanghai Gallery.

Shanghai Museum

Brief:

Shanghai Museum is a must-see for foreign visitors to Shanghai.

Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its treasures of bronzes, ceramics, Chinese calligraphy and traditional paintings.

Location:

The Shanghai Museum is situated in the heart of People’s Square. Opposite to the City Hall and is surrounded by the moon and sun Corridor.

History:

It was built in the 1930s, formerly occupied by Zhong Hui Bank owned by a Shanghai celebrity Yuesheng Du. In 1952, it was converted into a museum. The new museum building was erected in September 1994 and most of the facilities were installed in 1995. It was entirely opened on October 12 in 1996. The five big gilt characters on the lintel were written by Yi Chen, the first mayor of Shanghai after the founding of new China.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

With a collection of over 120,000 pieces of cultural relics in 12 categories, including bronze, ceramics (pottery and porcelain ware), calligraphy, paintings, jade and ivory ware, numismatics, furniture, seal carvings, sculptures, arts and crafts and costumes of Chinese minorities, Shanghai Museum is especially famous for its collection of bronzes, ceramics, paintings and calligraphy. And there is also a special gallery of donated relics and three temporary exhibition halls.

Appearance

As you view Shanghai Museum from a distance in People’s Square, you will find that the building itself is a work of art, featuring multiple orientations, multi-visual angles and many distinctive characteristics. The elegant construction perfectly combines traditional cultural themes with modern technological innovation. The building uses a round top section to symbolize heaven and a square base representing the earth, implying the Chinese traditional expression of “a round heaven and a square earth”. It is 24 meters high with sever floors, two are underground and five above, covering a total area of 38,000 sqm.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Museum has installed advanced security and fire alarm systems, educational services, a computerized library and an automation system. Besides this, Shanghai Museum has facilities for multimedia guide, an information center, a High Definition Graphics system, an audio tour, the lecture room equipped with a system of spontaneous interpretation. You can check out a device that allows you to hear a description of an item after punching in the item number. The audio tour is available in eight languages. The library in the museum has 200,000 volumes of books in collection.

Shanghai Grand Theatre

Location:

Shanghai Grand Theatre is located to the west of the City Hall in the People’s Square, the citys heart. The Shanghai Grand Theatre occupies an area of 2.1 hectares, facing the Peoples Boulevard in the south. With its unique style and beautiful outlook, the theatre has become a representative building in Shanghai.

History and brief intro:

It is opened to the public on August 27, 1998.The Shanghai Grand Theatre has successfully staged such shows and evenings as operas, musicals, ballets, symphonies, chamber music concerts, spoken drama and the Chinese operas. It has a high reputation both at home and abroad as many high officials and VIPs, both domestic and international, gave the highest praises of the theatre for its perfect combination of art and architecture.

Appearance:

With a total construction area of 62,803 square meters and a total height of 41 meters, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has 10 storeys, 2 for underground, 6 for above ground and 2 top floors. The new style architecture combines the Eastern and Western flavor together. The theatre represents a fine integration of new technology, new craft and new material. It looks like a crystal palace in the light at night.

The lobby of Shanghai Grand Theatre is approximate 2019 square meters with the white as its main tone, which signifies elegant and pure. The floor is made of a rare marble called "Greece Crystal White".

Function:

The Shanghai Grand Theatre has three theatres, a 1,800 seats main theatre for ballet, opera and symphony performances, this lyric theatre is divided into the auditorium, the 2nd-floor, the 3rd-floor and six balconies. The drama theatre has 750 seats and the studio theatre has 300 seats.

In addition to performances, the Shanghai Grand Theatre has a restaurant for tourists with an area of 1,600 square meters and a shopping center for audio-video products with an area of 2,500 square meters. Also there are VIP lounge, which is for government officials to meet world-famous artists and performing groups.

Now it has become an important window of cultural exchange between China and the world and a bridge of artistic ommunication.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall

Location:

It is located in the east of the City Hall.

Shanghai Urban Planning Exhibition Hall has a total floor space of 19 thousand square meters. It fully displays the achievements of Shanghai in city planning and construction and embodies the theme of “city, man, environment, and development”. The Exhibition Hall adopts modern exhibition technology and uses high-tech to achieve an integration of professionalism, knowledge, interest, and art, giving stress to the exhibition of the future of the city. Citizens and tourists can see the changes of the leased territory, the vicissitudes of the Bund, the achievements of Shanghai in urban planning and construction ever since the reform and opening-up of the country, in particular, since the 1990s, and the rapid changes of the Pudong New Area. Above all, they can see the bright future of Shanghai there. The main model of urban planning, which is in the proportion of 1:2019, exhibits the urban geography and scenery in an extent of a hundred and more square meters within the inner elevated ring road. It is the world’s biggest model of urban planning.

This amazing building contains an incredibly accurate model of the city in a couple of decades, complete with every tiny little detail and every single building! The model is huge and incredible. There is also a super-cool rotating statue of Shanghais modern buildings in the lobby.

许国石坊耸立于县城闹市中心，为全国重点文物保护单位，建于明万历十二年(公元1584年)，是朝廷为旌表李保兼太子太保礼部尚书、武英殿大学士许国而立。许国明代嘉靖乙丑(公元1565年)进士，为嘉靖、隆庆、万历三朝的重臣，博行皇上“加恩眷酬”。牌坊四面八柱，呈口字形，石柱、梁坊、栏板、斗拱、雀替均是重四、五吨的大块石料，且全部为质地坚硬的青色茶园石，雕饰镂刻精美细腻，图案错落有致，疏朗多姿。成双结队的彩凤珍禽，翱翔雕梁之间，一个个飞龙走兽，扬威于画壁之中，十二只倚柱石狮，神态各异，体现出徽派石雕独特的表现手法。

现存的南樵楼基本保持宋代的建筑风格，特别是其中的“排栅柱”，乃正宗宋代“营造法”，今已很难见到。东樵楼又名阳和门，原名钟楼，建于明弘治年间，为重檐式的双层楼阁。这两座樵楼咫尺相望。

Dear visitors, everybody! Welcome to our lotus buddhist - the jiuhuamountain tourism! I am the guide from you on this trip, my name is wang ping,you call me xiao wang. First of all, introduce below an overview of our jiuhuamountain. Jiuhua mountain is located in chizhou anhui province, anhui "twomountain lake" gold tourist area of the main scenic area, where has beautifulscenery, ancient forest, and mount emei in sichuan province, wutai mountain inshanxi, zhejiang mount putuo and four major buddhist mountains in China.

The jiuhua mountain was not called the jiuhua mountain, at the time of thetang dynasty is called nine mountain, because beautiful jiuhua mountain, theclouds above the mountain there are nine, so nine mountain nine children. Beganyears, by Li Baiceng twice visited here, has written "miao have two gas,lingshan jiu hua, tianhe hangs green water, showing nine lotus" etc historiclovers, jiuhua mountain hence the name, and has been used to this day.

The jiuhua mountain has a long history of religious activity, Taoism injiuhua mountain development first, Buddhism more flourish. Between kai-yuantang, woosong kingdom prince Jin Qiao sailing east, visited famous mountains,the jiuhua practice in our chosen. Night camped out in the hills of the cave,thirsty drink mountain spring hill, hungry eat the mountain of wild plants.Finally he died at the age of 99. The Buddhism thought penance before his death,passed away with records in the sutras like ksitigarbha bodhisattva, as shouldlike ksitigarbha bodhisattva, because of his surname gold without becoming amonk, so also known as the heart of gold. Jiuhua mountain is since then all keptlike ksitigarbha bodhisattva dojo. After the tang dynasty, jiuhua Buddhismstatement, past dynasties after repair, to the whole of the temple in the qingdynasty already has more than 150 seats, only garden temple, east cliff temple,centenarians palace, ganlu temple four big jungle, incense of guilin.

Below we first enter the jiu hua street scenic area, first see is a crosslane. It is carved marble, 9 meters high, is the imitation of buildings has beengloriously enrolled. Banners on the engraved royal emperor kangxi book "nineChinese scenic spot" four characters. Below the door in the north and south twocolumn carved stone lions. Gate dignified elegance, the gate lane welcomedeveryone to see is the fairy bridge, the bridge is built in the qianlong years,is a single-arch stone bridge, the following will set foot on this ancientbridge together, please follow me, into the wonderland of together!

Everyone see, across the bridge is only positive garden temple hall. Gardentemple is only key national temple, the scale is one of the largest the jiuhuamountain four big jungle, by the gate, the great hall, Ursa major, guest room,lecture hall and the scripture-stored tower and so on more than 10 monomerbuilding, is a typical modular architecture, its inside deviate from the centralaxis of the hall, you know why? Because ah, tilt the gate is quite exquisite,way to ward off bad luck, and secondly is the door to the city of toward themountain temple temple. Ursa coloured glaze tile, cornices, newborn status isvery outstanding. On the front wall of the temple there is a stone carving, thetop "taishan shigandang" five characters very eye-catching, everyone to guesswhat is this used for? Actually this is only unique garden temple, is used toward off bad luck town demon.

Enter the gate, is lingguan temple, temple, that take the door stand seeshrine is ChiMian red iron scourge, wide-open, exalted Wang Lingguan. WangLingguan guardian deity of Taoism, is how to protect the dharma? The originallegend of buddhist dharma wei tuo "killing" mistake, is "dismissal" likeksitigarbha bodhisattva, let Wang Lingguan top class, this reflects the"cooperation" the great meaning of Buddhism and Taoism, is afraid is just aplace in the country.

From lingguan temple in a small courtyard, there is a square pavilions typedouble-hipped roof, from the top of the mountain, for the four major Kings like,according to the great hall. Sits in the middle shrine "smile, pot-belliedinclusive" maitreya. "A great bowl of thousands of rice, wan lixing" the alone,is his two ket. On either side for the four heavenly Kings statues.

Lingguan temple and great in the same stylobate, while up layer on thestylobate is Ursa major. Ursa major, the positive standing about 12 meters highBuddha iii, next is green lotus, under 须弥座 (also called Jin Gangtai), finecarving. Sweets positive cross engraved with the "personality" of the story ofbedding face relief. The Buddha, worship for hosts will monk run course.

Good, swim only garden temple, we now come to the center of the street, isnine China we see is the jiuhua mountain temple temple in the city. Buddhistscriptures have "refers to the geochemical city". City temple is located injiuhua mountain, peak city southwest of the city center, hence the name the citytemple. City temple has a long history, it built in the jin dynasty, is Lordalso of the jiuhua mountain temple, the temple of the building layout accordingto the mountain, reflect the superb architectural art. Temple has a higherconsisting, weighing about 20__ pounds of clocks, casting, loud noise, use thehammer impact, dignified realisation of the bell, echoed in the valley, oftenmake the person has the feeling of free from vulgarity. "The city production"became one of the ten views "of" nine China.

Temple after waste, still stands in the years long river. Existing fourinto the residential house, former SanJin for qing dynasty architecture: a intolingguan temple, two into the great hall, SanJin Ursa major. Second, there was ahuge four water between SanJin patio, meaning "four water belongs to the hall".Ursa all wood door, lintel carved on the icy veins window lattice. The cuhk sunkpanel "Kowloon dish bead" relief for the art treasures. Four into thescripture-stored tower as the jiuhua mountain unique buildings in Ming dynasty,recently according to the original repair. Temple according to the terraingradually rise, the city structure is rigorous, of primitive simplicity andelegant, basic preserved the mountain temple original character.

The city shishi pair of song dynasty, under the temple steps of monogamous,like vigorous. Before have a free life pond, crescent, reportedly is goldenheart leads the ACTS of building city temple during excavation, both for thetemple of fire!

罗汉殿：中轴线上的第三个佛殿叫罗汉殿，八角造型，俗称“八角琉璃殿”，造型独特，在中国佛教寺院中可谓独一无二。附檐周围游廊环绕，殿中一院，有八角亭耸立。游廊四周塑有 “释迦牟尼讲经会”的大型佛雕，众佛、菩萨、四大天王、罗汉、高低胖瘦，姿态各异，告型生动。八角亭中站立一尊3米多高的四面千手千眼观音菩萨像。这立像是乾隆年间由一名民间无名艺人用一株完整的银杏树雕刻而成，四面造型相同，每面各有六只大手及扇状小手三至四层，每只手掌中均刻有一眼，共计1048只眼，民间俗称“千眼千手佛”，为观音菩萨三十三变相之一。此造像不仅材料珍贵，雕工更是精巧，可谓鬼斧神工，甚是神奇，是相国寺镇寺之宝。说到这尊千手千眼观音，还有一个美丽的传说。据说古时有一个国王病重，百治不愈，无奈之际，求助于一个游方各尚。和尚说，我柯予你一个仙方，但需你亲人的一只手、一只眼做药方，方能见效。国王召见他的三个女儿，大女儿说：“我刚刚生下一个婴儿，如果断手剜眼，谁来照顾孩子呢?”二女儿说：“我刚刚完婚，倘若如此，何以面对驸马呢?”只有三女儿站出来说：“我年轻无忧，就让我来帮助父王吧!”她毫不犹豫地抽刀断下一臂，剜下一眼，做成药引。国王用药后，竟奇迹般地康复了。这个故事广为流传，竟然让佛祖知道了。佛祖大为感慨，说这就是我们推崇的孝道啊!我要给他重新安上手眼，重塑全身让百姓都对长辈行以孝道。佛祖的话经传令官传下来，因为中国话“全” 与 “千”相近，竟传成了 “千”，所以这个公主就成了现在这个样子了。

亲爱的各位团友，大家好!我是春秋旅行社的导游小陈。今天我要带大家游览的是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝――三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，向西三条称“坊”，向东七条称“巷”，自北而南依次为：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷，总占地面积38。35公顷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的坊巷数实际上只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所。

今天我们主要游览的是现存的二坊五巷中的衣锦坊和郎官巷，请大家随我来。衣锦坊旧名通潮巷，因为这个地方是水网地区，西湖、南湖的潮水可以通到这个坊巷的沟渠里去。坊内有人在外出仕做大官，后衣锦还乡而改坊名。坊中16号为清嘉庆进士郑鹏程居宅，其中的水榭戏台最具特色，这是一个木构单层平台，四柱单开间，下建清水池塘，中隔天井，正面为阁楼。于此观看戏剧演出，水清、风清、音清，具有声学原理和美学价值。接下来小陈要带大家去郎官巷。郎官巷因宋刘涛居此，子孙数世皆为郎官，故名。宋代诗人陈烈、清代名人严复的`故居也坐落巷内。郎官巷西头巷口立有牌坊，坊柱上有副对联：“译著辉煌，今日犹传严复宅;门庭鼎盛，后人远溯刘涛居。”

除了我刚讲解的坊巷以外，还有在郎官巷以南，西通南后街的是塔巷，因聚居过黄姓人家而得名的黄巷。以巷中有紫极宫得名的宫巷等，都是很不错的景点，小陈就不一一介绍了，现在小陈把时间留给大家，各位朋友可以在附近自由活动、祝亲们玩的开心。我们十点三十分在坊巷的东大门集合，谢谢大家!

黄荆老林景区位于四川省古蔺县西北部，地理坐标为东经105°39′-105°52′北纬28°05′-28°20’，属云贵高原向四川盆地过渡带的赤水河流域，面积433平方公里，森林覆盖率高达96%以上，平均海拔1300多米，是属于白垩系红色砂岩中山峡谷丹霞地貌区，也是地球同纬度(北纬28°C)保存完好的亚热带原始常绿阔叶林区。

红龙湖是一个人文景观，一个巨大的高山人工湖，为省级森林公园，海拔1580米，比白水洞景区高出300米左右。周围全县1600-1800米的高山，山顶是古老的原始森林，山下是常垠的人工林海，水库蓄水量800多万立方米，水深25米，明静如镜，青山倒映，微波荡漾，小船、游艇来往于十里湖面，消失在烟雨之中，远远望去，仿佛一条巨大的青龙蜷卧于崇山峻岭之中，让人心旷神怡。

笋子山，是黄荆老林的主山脉，因其山势尖削盛产竹笋而得名，笋子山脉东西向横亘黄荆老林中部，主峰笋子山海拔1732m.山势陡峭，横亘天际，沟壑交错，道路崎岖，远望似一条蜿蜒与天际的绿带，缭绕于群峦和白云之间，原始林广布，古木参天，藤萝缠绕，多珍稀动植物。

环岩位于黄荆老林北部，距场镇15公里，是丹霞景观与瀑布景观交融的景区，从谷底向上仰望，赤石绝壁环绕，瀑如珠帘，脚下溪流综综，绿荫密植，集幽、奇、险、秀为一体，恍若仙境，令人神往。

八节洞：位于黄荆西北角的八节洞风景区，包括八节洞沟和蟒童坝及周围山岭大环境，面积33.75平方公里。其中以蟒童坝下的高滩三节连滩瀑布群具景观特征，自上而下3华里河段，蟒童河水破峰而出，急流飞泻，冲激成八节险滩，形成八级瀑布，故名八节洞，总落差达120米，包括黑龙潭瀑布、白云岩瀑布、含羞瀑、情人瀑、大漩涡瀑、蟒童坝瀑布、珍珠滩瀑布等八节瀑布。

黄荆三百里演出是国内知名演艺团队联合打造的川南景区原创舞台剧。演出融合国家AAAA级景区黄荆老林独有的山水灵性与古蔺人文景，将黄荆独有的山水灵性与古蔺人文胜景以现代声光电艺术、实景舞美原生态演绎手法，以自然、人文、生态、溯源等角度简约而集中展示了古蔺悠久的历史文化和绮丽斑斓的自然遗产。演出共分为《欢·序》、《彝·香》、《灯·韵》、《梦·瀑》、《情·醉》五个篇章。

各位游客:

今天我们大家参观的是陕西历史博物馆.这座博物馆是在1991年6月20日正式建成对外开放,是目前我国规模庞大设施先进的历史博物馆,占地面积有7万平方米,建筑面积56000平方米,用以展览的面积为11000平方米,馆内现有收藏品37万件.这座博物馆是遵照周恩来总理的遗愿,由国家计委和陕西省政府共同投资1.44亿元人民币,所修建的一座艺术殿堂。

陕西历史博物馆的设计呢,是由中国建筑学界泰斗梁思成大师的关门弟子张锦秋女士所担任.建筑的外观为仿唐风格,着意突出了盛唐风采,反应了一个辉煌时代的风貌;布局上,还借鉴了中国宫殿建筑"轴线对称、中央殿堂、四隅崇楼、高低错落、主从有序“的特点，突出了古朴、凝重并创造了一种古代帝宫与传统园林相结合的氛围，象征着中国悠久的历史和灿烂的文化;

陕西历史博物馆的陈列分为《基本陈列》、《专题陈列》、《临时展览》等三大部分组成。基本陈列也就是常设陈列，它为《陕西古代史》，系统地向我们大家展现了陕西自蓝田猿人至战争的发展过程，突出了周秦汉唐等封建社会的盛世和陕西在中国历史上的重要地位。

现在我们来到的就是序言大厅，我们可以发现这里的序言不是文字，而是巨型照片。奔腾咆哮的黄河和绵亘无垠的黄土高原，它既是古代陕西人赖以生存的自然环境，也是陕西历史文化孕育、产生和不断发展的基础与前提。在这两幅照片的背后，还陈列着中华民族人文初祖轩辕黄帝陵墓的巨照，标志陕西古代文明、中华古代文明的开端。

这些用照片构成的无言之序，通过宽广浑厚的场面，象征着陕西历史文化的博大精深和绵延久远，以及具有世界性影响的人文传统精神。在厅中央我们看到的这尊巨狮,是来自于女皇武则天母亲杨氏的顺陵之前,它呢高大雄伟,勘称为东方狮.在古代的时候,狮子与狮子的雕刻艺术是从阿富汗传入的,因此呀,这尊狮子它不仅是陕西历史文化反映,同时也是东西方文化交流的产物.

陕西古代史的个段落是史前史，时间范围是距今约115万年前至公元前21世纪。这一时期的每一段落都有重大发现，文化高峰迭起年、并首尾相连，在全国突出地位。首先大家所看到的就是蓝田猿人的头像。她是1964年在蓝田县公王岭发现的，是一位年纪约30多岁的女性。蓝田猿人距今约115万年，是迄今所知亚洲北部早的直立人。在距今约20万年左右人类就已经发展到了智人阶段。陕西地区的大荔人便是其中的一个代表，在距今约8000年左右，人类就已经进入了新石器时代。老官台文化是陕西境内已知早的新石器时代的文化遗存。

新旧石器时代区别主要有三个重要标志：一是学会了制造陶器;二已经定居并有了原始农业;三是出现了磨制石器。仰韶文化是新石器时代发展的一个阶段。这类文化遗存由于是1921年首次发现于河南渑池县仰韶村，因此得名。又因为在这类文化遗存中发现了大量的彩陶，所以叫“彩陶文化”。半坡遗址是仰韶文化的一个重要组成部分，也是母系氏族公社时期的繁荣阶段。

后来，随着社会经济的发展，男子取代女子，在社会中处于支配地位。人类就进入了父系社会时期。龙山文化就是父系氏族公社时期的典型文化。这类文化由于是在1928年首次发现于山东省章丘县的龙山镇，因此得名。又因为发现了大量的灰陶，因此龙山文化也被称为“灰陶文化”或“黑陶文化”。龙山文化之后，我国历史进入了传说时代，也就是历史上所说的“军事民主制时期”。

黄帝就是这个时期一位杰出的领袖，他被尊为中华民族的祖先。每年清明，海内外的炎黄子孙来到黄帝陵寻根问祖，认同中华文化，爱国之情在这里升华，从而产生一种强大的凝聚力和向心力。在黄帝之后，人类历史上又出现了三位杰出的领袖，他们是尧、舜、禹。后来，大禹的儿子启建立了夏朝。于此，中国便进入了奴隶制王朝的统治时期。夏王朝的政治中心在河南，陕西境内主要是周族的发生、发展与兴盛。周族实际上经历了周民族、周方国、西周王朝三个不同的发展阶段。

现在我们所看到的这个文物叫做“鼎”，它是奴隶制王朝鼎盛时期西周的一个青铜器。青铜是指铜和锡的合金，因颜色青灰而得名。而鼎呢，它本来是一种炊具，即煮肉的锅，后来随着礼乐制度的强化，鼎也逐渐成为一种权利和等级的象征。传说夏禹曾制九鼎，代表天下九州，作为政权的象征。以后就把取得天下叫做“定鼎”。春秋时，五霸之一的楚庄王就曾遣使询问周朝九鼎的大小轻重，以后“问鼎”就成为企图篡夺政权的代名词。我们现在所说的成语“逐鹿中原”，“鹿死谁手”，“孰人敢来问鼎”等都与这件文物有关。

鼎，一般可分为圆顶和方顶。圆顶一般为鼓腹，双耳，三足，整个造型给人以稳定、威武的感觉。所以，人们用狮胸虎足来形容它。而成语中的“大名鼎鼎”，“三足鼎立”，则是从另一方面反映了它的造型特征。青铜器上的纹饰是研究青铜艺术的重要内容，也成为中国艺术史的一个重要组成部分，在一定程度上反映了当时人们的思想观念。青铜器上的纹饰可分为两大类，即：动物纹和几何纹。总的特点是神秘怪诞，很难看懂。这是因为作器者本意是为了用它祭祀天、地、鬼神和祖宗。一般人看不懂正说明他构思成功。

随着周幽王“烽火戏诸侯”，公元前771年犬戎族入侵，使西周走向灭亡。周平王迁都洛邑，东周开始。但周王朝实际上已名存实亡了。中原大地上先后出现了“战国七雄”：齐、楚、燕、韩、赵、魏、秦。七国的战争持续了200多年。公元前221年，中国历史上位皇帝——秦王嬴政“扫六合而荡天下”，建立了统一的中央集权制的封建国家。秦始皇统一六国后，为了维护其统治，采取了一系列措施，在全国范围内统一了文字、货币、法律、车轨和度量衡等。

我们现在看到的这个货币就是秦统一六国之后的通行货币——秦半两。上面的这些货币就是统一前六国的货币。货币的不统一大大地阻碍了经济的发展。于是，方孔圆形的半两钱便应运而生。古人讲“天园地方”，并且是天包地，所以秦半两就意味着“圆以象天，方以则地”。这种精神为以后两千多年的封建统治者所接受，并一直保持到清末。

秦始皇号称“千古一帝”，但同时他也是历史上一位有名的暴君，残暴的统治终于激起了人们的反抗。陈胜、吴广领导的大泽乡起义爆发了。随后四年的“楚汉相争”推翻了秦王朝的统治。公元前202年，汉高祖刘邦登基，汉王朝就正式登上了历史舞台。

汉朝是一个十分重要的历史朝代，它的各项发展对中国历史上以后各朝代的发展奠定了基础，并产生了深远的影响。构成中华民族主体的汉族也是在这个时候正式形成。中国懂得方块字也是从这一时期起被称为“汉字”。汉王朝成了当时世界强盛的一个国家。所以，今天世界上许多国家还把“汉”作为中国和中国人的代称。

现在请大家看这副“丝绸之路”示意图。它中国古老的一条贸易通道，也是横贯欧亚大陆的一条贸易通道。它为东西文化交流、通商提供了有利的条件。沟通欧亚大陆的这条举世闻名的丝绸之路是由西汉武帝时期的张骞开通的。张骞是我们陕西城固人，他于公元前138年应政府招募出使西域。经历了十年时间和种.种磨难，熟悉了西域的政治、军事、地理、风俗民情。沟通了汉与西域各国的关系。因此史书上把张骞的这次出使、也称为“凿空”。

公元前119年，汉武帝又先后两次派遣张骞出使西域。“丝绸之路”全长7000多公里，在中国境内4000多公里。“丝绸之路”开通后，商队往来不断，经济贸易十分活跃。促进了农业和科学技术交流，为中西文化开创了新纪元。由于这条路先主要过往做丝绸生意的商人，所以把这条通道也称为“丝绸之路”。通过这条道路，我国的丝绸不断输出。在当时的罗马，中国的丝绸与黄金等价。因此，丝绸又被称为“软黄金”。从此，西域的葡萄、苜蓿、石榴了、黄瓜、蚕豆、核桃、芝麻、菠菜、黑米、猕猴桃等物产传入我国。我国的种茶、凿井、冶炼等生产技术也传入西域。“丝绸之路”就好像一条绚丽而坚韧的纽带沟通了亚欧大陆，也使世界上出现了两颗明珠。从此，世界上就有了“东有长安，西有罗马”之说。

汉王朝不仅有发达的经济贸易活动，军事力量也非常强大,1965年，从咸阳杨家湾的一座汉墓中出土了大批兵马俑。这座汉墓属于汉高祖刘邦长陵的陪葬墓。据同出的“银镂玉衣”推测，墓主人可能是汉初名将周勃或其子周亚夫。在杨家湾出土的俑群中，有骑兵俑583件，各种人俑1965件。这些汉兵马俑大的身高48.5厘米，小的身高44.5厘米。大多数做武士打扮，个别做跳舞、奏乐、指挥等姿势。拿这批汉兵马俑与秦兵马俑相比较，秦俑虎背熊腰，是赳赳武士的形象，时刻准备着出发去打仗。汉俑仅有秦俑的三分之一大，但灵气十足，愉悦欢畅。

也从一个侧面表明了当时国富民强、和平安定和人民的悠然自乐。在秦俑里，我们从外形看不出有指挥官，但在汉俑里则可以看出;另一方面，军阵形式也发生了变化。秦兵马俑以步兵为前锋，战车为突击力量，骑兵甚少。而汉兵马俑中骑兵所占的比例却大的多。汉王朝也正是凭借着这支强大的骑兵才战胜了不可一世的游牧民族——匈奴。这也是世界历史上农业民族次大规模的战胜游牧民族。

经过四年的楚汉相争，国力大大削弱。汉初“天子不能俱纯驷，而将相或乘牛车”。意思是说，在汉朝初年马匹很少，以至于找不到四匹颜色相同的马为皇帝拉辇。而一般将相的车辆只能用牛羊拉了。但是汉王朝励精图治，养马业得到了高度发展，使汉代骑兵的马源充足，所以汉代骑兵业得到了发展。杨家湾的汉三千彩绘兵马俑就是一个有力的印证。

汉朝灭亡后，我国历史进入了魏晋南北朝时期。这一时期从公元220年北魏建立开始，到公元589年隋统一结束，历时369年。这一时期政权更迭，战乱频繁，可以说是中国历史和陕西历史上依次伟大的大融合时期。公元581年，北周大将杨坚建立了隋朝。隋炀帝杨广也是历史上以为有名的暴君。公元618年，太原留守李渊起兵反隋，夺取了政权，建立了唐朝。隋唐两代是我国封建社会的鼎盛时期，也是陕西历史文化的黄金时代，现代的海外华人自称“唐人”，他们居住的地方称为“唐人街”，反映了唐代对后世子孙产生的影响。

在唐时，人们的生活比较安定，就有更多的时间从事各种娱乐活动。打马球便是其中的娱乐项目之一。现在就请大家看这幅《打马球图》。这是从章怀太子墓中出土的。马球，也叫波罗球，球似拳头大小，朱红色，皮革制成，是由波斯，即今天的伊朗传入我国的。这幅图画形象生动的描绘出了唐代马球运动的精彩场面。画面上有骑马人物二十多个，他们足蹬黑靴，身穿窄袖长袍。前五个手拉缰绳，右手持月芽形球杖，有的驱马抡球，有的反身击球，姿态矫健，得心应手。其它骑手也姿态各异。场面生动，围绕着滚动的小球展开了激烈的争夺。画家巧妙的抓住了马球运动的瞬间场面，使比赛的紧张气氛溢于画外。

在唐朝的时候，上至宫延皇帝，下至文武百官，甚至连妇女都爱打马球。尤其是许多皇帝，都是马球运动的爱好者,甚至成为马球健将。据史料记载:唐中宗景虎年间,吐蕃派使者迎接金城公主,提出要与汉人比赛马球,经中宗同意后,双方展开较量。回合以汉人失败而告终。这时一旁观看的临淄王,即后来的唐玄宗李隆基,亲自率领球队进行比赛。终于以精湛的球技转败为胜,一时在京城传为佳话。唐代的皇宫禁苑大多筑有马球场,有的贵族官僚还有自己的马球场.唐代以后,马球队运动就开始流行全国,直到明朝末年才开始逐渐衰败。近几年来,在西安东郊也开展过。这幅画的表现技法相当讲究，极富真实感和立体感。可见这幅马球图达到的不止是惟妙惟肖的境界，而且也从一个侧面再现了大唐时期国泰民安、繁荣昌盛的社会情况，再现了大唐雄风。

唐王朝的外交活动也是非常活跃的。我们现在看到的就是从章怀太子墓中出土的另一幅壁画《迎宾图》。画面上的前面几个人是热情的朝廷官员，后面三个人是外国和我国古代少数民族的使臣。经考证，三人中个是印度人，第二个是朝鲜人，第三个是突厥人。这幅画形象的再现了唐代官员接待外国使臣的场面。反映了唐王朝活跃的外交活动以及同外国和我国少数民族友好往来的实况。大家请注意看，在这幅画面的下角有一位个子比较矮的唐代朝廷官员，这就反映了唐代对人才是非常渴求的。只要你有才能，不管长得个高或个矮，都会被重用。反映了唐朝“不拘一格降人才”的社会风貌。

隋唐两代都把长安作为其都城。隋时称为大兴城，唐时称为长安城。规模宏大的都城长安可以说是那个伟大时代的明亮窗口。透过它，可以窥见当时世界强国的各个方面。隋大兴城是少数民族建筑大师宇文恺设计并主持营建的。唐长安城是在隋大兴城的基础上，进一步修葺完善起来的。从这幅唐长安城的平面布局图中我们就可以看出：它气势宏伟，整齐划一。全城共分为宫城，皇城和外郭城三大部分。城内以朱雀大街为中轴线，由十一条纵向的大街和十四条横向的大街，把整个长安城划分为108个小区域，称为坊。正如唐朝大诗人白居易的诗中所写：“百千家似为棋局，十二街如种菜畦”。

这种布局对以后各个朝代产生了深远的影响，也为亚洲一些国家如日本、朝鲜等规划都城时所效仿。唐长安城的一个突出特点就是规模宏大。它总面积为84.1平方公里，人口超过一百万。其面积是汉代长安城的2.4倍，东罗马首都拜占庭的7倍，阿拉伯首都巴格达的6倍，明代长安城的9.3倍。它可以说是我国古代，也是世界古代规模的一座都城。

城中的中轴线朱雀大街宽155米，而横贯皇城自承天门至长乐门之间的横街竟宽达440米，这也是中外所有都城中绝无仅有的。中华民族成长壮大到了唐代，充满了开拓进取精神。因此对长安城的修筑不仅仅只着眼于实用功能的需要，还有着积极的精神追求。唐王朝也正是以其宏大的气魄和泱泱大国的气势屹立于世界民族之林，吸引了各个国家的人们来到长安。当时居住在长安城的外国人和少数民族人数约5万人。同时长安吸收融汇了来自世界各地的文化，创造了博大精深、辉煌璀灿、当时世界文化峰的唐文化。

唐代的手工业也是非常发达，唐三彩便是其中之一。它起源于西汉武帝时期。唐三彩并不专指三种颜色而是指多彩，因在唐代风行一时而得名。唐三彩是用黄、绿、赭.蓝等多种彩釉组合装饰成的一种铅铀陶器。它的制作过程是把高岭土经过挑选、冲打、淘洗、沉淀、冶炼等工艺后，捏制成形，经修饰晒干后放入窑内。经过1000度左右烧制，待冷却后饰以配制好的彩色釉料，再入窑中烧至900度后完成。西安是唐三彩的故乡。在西安附近的唐墓中出土了不少唐三彩器皿。从这里我们可以看出，唐三彩首先是一种冥器，慢慢地才发展成为一种日用品和工艺品。

唐三彩之所以闻名于世，主要有两大特点：一是以造型取胜。三彩中无论是生活用品或是房屋庭院乃至人物动物造型，都塑造的非常精美，用写实的手法反映了唐代的社会生活，在艺术上达到了令人赞叹不已的程度;二是以色彩赢人。三彩釉色虽简单，但它经烧制过程中不同色彩的釉斑向下流动，互相浸润后自然漫延，呈现出一种千变万化，班驳淋漓，彼此交融，没有明显界限的装饰艺术效果。优美、流畅，具有一种和谐的古朴之美。正如杜甫名句所言“动人春色不在多”。有限的釉色构成了丰富的艺术语汇，使唐三彩成了世界闻名的古代工艺品。

公元960年，宋代赵匡胤皇袍加身定都开封。元、明、清分别建都南京和北京。陕西从此失去了京都地位，但仍然是封建王朝控制西北、西南的军事重镇。又由于周、秦、汉、唐的灿烂文化形成一种巨大的惯性，所以这一时期陕西的经济文化仍然保持了一定的水准和发展势头。在这一时期也遗留下来了许多文物，现在呢，我们大家自由参观一下，一会我们在门口集合。