陕西历史博物馆英文导游词【实用20篇】

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恭王府位于北京市西城区前海西街，是清代规模最大的一座王府，先后作为大贪官和珅、庆亲王永璘的宅邸，后被赐予恭亲王奕欣，由此得名恭王府，并沿用至今。恭王府历经了清王朝由鼎盛至衰亡的历史进程，故有“一座恭王府，半部清代史”的说法。

“月牙河绕宅如龙蟠，西山远望如虎踞”，这是史书上对恭王府的描述。就其选址而言，它占据京城绝佳的位置。古人修宅建园很注重风水，北京据说有两条龙脉，一是土龙，即故宫的龙脉;二是水龙，指后海和北海一线，而恭王府正好在后海和北海之间的连接线上，即龙脉上，因此风水非常的好。古人以水为财，在恭王府内“处处见水”，最大的湖心亭的水，是从玉泉湖引进来的，而且只内入不外流，因此更符合风水学敛财的说法。我国十大元帅和郭沫若等人、均在恭王府的附近居住，而且都非常长寿。据说，北京长寿老人最多的地方就是在恭王府附近，这个地方真是一块风水宝地。

恭王府由府邸和花园两部分组成，南北长约330米，东西宽180余米， 占地面积约61120平方米，其中府邸占地32260平方米，花园占地28860平方米。府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高规制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。亲王府有门脸五间，正殿七间，后殿五间，后寝七间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能逾制的。恭王府的中、东、西三路各有三个院落，其中每一路的后两个院子是人们要游览的主要区域。

府邸建筑分东、中、西三路，每路由南自北都是以严格的中轴线贯穿着的多进四合院落组成。

中路最主要的建筑是银安殿和嘉乐堂，殿堂屋顶采用绿琉璃瓦，显示了中路的威严气派，同时也是亲王身份的体现。东路的前院正房名为多福轩，厅前有一架长了两百多年的藤萝，至今仍长势甚好，在京城极为罕见。东路的后进院落正房名为“乐道堂”，是当年恭亲王奕欣的起居处。西路的四合院落较为小巧精致，主体建筑为葆光室和锡晋斋。精品之作当属高大气派的锡晋斋，大厅内有雕饰精美的楠木隔段，为和珅仿紫禁城宁寿宫式样(此为和珅僭侈逾制，是其被赐死的“二十大罪”之一)。府邸最深处横有一座两层的后罩楼，东西长达156米，后墙共开88扇窗户，内有108间房，俗称“99间半”，取道教“届满即盈”之意。

名为“朗润园或萃锦园”，俗称恭王府花园，徜徉于园中犹如漫步在山水之间。与府邸相呼应，花园也分为东中西三路。中路以一座西洋建筑风格的汉白玉拱形石门为入口，以康熙皇帝御书“福”字碑为中心，前有独乐峰、蝠池，后有绿天小隐、蝠厅，布局令人回味无穷。东路的大戏楼厅内装饰清新秀丽，缠枝藤萝紫花盛开，使人恍如在藤萝架下观戏。戏楼南端的明道斋与曲径通幽、垂青樾、吟香醉月、流杯亭等五景构成园中之园。花园内古木参天，怪石林立，环山衔水，亭台楼榭，廊回路转。月色下的花园景致更是千变万化，别有一番洞天。诸多中外游客慕名而至，寻觅着翠山碧水、曲径幽台在诉说的如烟往事。

恭王府位于前海西街，建于1776—1785年，原为清代乾隆宠臣和珅的私宅，和珅因贪污罪于嘉庆年间被抄家处死后，此处私宅便赠给了庆王。同治朝时，由于恭亲王奕忻协同慈禧发动政变有功，慈禧太后便将此宅赠予他，而成为恭亲王府。

俗呼银銮殿，恭王府最主要的建筑。作为王府的正殿， 只有逢重大事件、重要节日时方打开，起到礼仪的作用。民国初年，由于不慎失火，大殿连同东西配殿一并焚毁，现银安殿院落为复建。

和珅时期之建筑。悬挂有“嘉乐堂”匾额一方。该匾疑是乾隆帝赐给和珅的，但匾额无署款，无钤记，故无由证实，但和珅留有《嘉乐堂诗集》，说明是和珅之室名。在恭亲王时期，嘉乐堂主要作为王府的祭祀场所，内供有祖先、诸神等的牌位，以萨满教仪式为主。恭王府规模宏大，占地约6万平方米，分为府邸和花园两部分，拥有各式建筑群落30多处，布局讲究，气派非凡。其花园又名锦翠园，园内布局、设计具有较高的艺术水平。造园模仿皇宫内的宁寿宫。全园以“山”字型假山拱抱，东、南、西面均堆土累石为山，中路又以房山石堆砌洞壑，手法颇高。山顶平台，成为全园最高点。居高临下，可观全园景色。恭王府由于是在权臣和珅邸宅的基础上改建而成，和珅当年定罪的二十大罪状中就有关于内檐装修的“潜侈逾制”问题，如其中的第十三款“查得和珅房屋竟有楠木厅堂，其多宝格及隔断门窗解仿照宁寿宫制度”。因此恭王府的内 檐装修在王府文化中别具一格，其所表现的特点尤为突出：

一、 规格最高，可与宫殿建筑比美：

恭王府几座主要厅堂的内檐装修不仅是多宝格、隔断，还可举出仙楼、神殿带毗卢帽的祭灶等装修也与宫廷中别无二制。并有室内假山水池，装修成室内小园林，更是别出心裁。

二、 数量较多，形式多样：

从样式雷图中可以看到当年有内檐装修的建筑多达二十余处，而且具有多种类型，如太师壁、宝座床、碧纱橱、祭灶、万字炕、几腿罩、落地罩、炕罩、真假门、仙楼、书阁、多宝格、顺山炕、前、后檐炕等。

三、 界划灵活，空间丰富：

恭王府内各厅堂的空间根据使用功能划分，格局多样，其主要厅堂既有肃穆、庄严的开敞式大空间，又有私密性的小空间，既有对称式的，也有非对称式的，还有可以灵活组合的。有的适合接待高级宾客，有的用于萨满教的祭祀活动，有的适合起居生活，有的作为寝息，不同的空间需求各得其所。

四、 做工精细，技巧高超：

从恭王府的装修遗留物件中可知皆使用硬木，用材异常讲究，加工的木料可以作出细小的截面，雕刻花纹起伏精确，而且使用圆形或曲线拼出各种华格，只有在精细的加工之基础上才能完成，施工难度之大，令人叹为观止。 遗憾的是恭王府的原有内檐装修，绝大部分已经无存，今天通过研究王府文化，要进一步将其发掘出来，结合今后的王府博物馆展示要求，再现当年辉煌。

乾隆四十一年，即1776年，和珅开始在这东依前海， 背靠后海的位置修建他的豪华宅第，时称“和第”。有说法称、明弘治年间、大太监李广也曾经置第于此。嘉庆四年正月初三太上皇弘历归天，次日嘉庆褫夺了和珅军机大臣、九门提督两职，抄了其家，估计全部财富约值白银八亿两，相当于清政府十五年的财政收入，所以有“和珅跌倒，嘉庆吃饱”的说法。同年正月十八，即1799年2月22日，和珅被“赐令自尽”。而宅子本身，则如愿归“爱豪宅不爱江山”的胞弟庆僖亲王永璘所有。

与此同时，嫁予和珅之子的乾隆之女和孝公主，仍居住在半座宅第中。咸丰元年，即1851年，清末重要政治人物恭亲王奕?成为这所宅子的第三代主人，改名恭王府，恭王府之名由此沿用至今。“一座恭王府，半部清朝史”是历史地理学家侯仁之对恭王府的评价。民国初年，这座王府被恭亲王的孙子溥伟以40万块大洋卖给教会，后由辅仁大学用108根金条赎回，并用作女生学堂。新中国成立以后，王府曾被公安部宿舍、风机厂、音乐学院等多家单位使用过。

恭王府是我国保存最为完整的王府建筑群，分为府邸和花园两部分，府在前，园在后。恭王府的开放，早在30年前，就被提上议事日程。1975年，周总理在病床上，以3件未做完的事情托付谷牧，其中之一就是恭王府的开放问题。

恭王府始建于清乾隆年间，初为大学士和珅的私邸。

同治初年，这里的第三代主人恭亲王奕欣，身兼议政王、军机领班大臣等要职，重权在握，显赫一时，乃大筑邸园，同时也对府邸部分进行了修缮与改建。我们看到的恭王府的建筑规模与格局，就是在那个时候最后形成的。

恭王府前半部是富丽堂皇的府邸，后半部为幽深秀丽的古典园林，总占地面积将近六万平方米。其府邸建筑庄重肃穆，尚朴去华，明廊通脊，气宇轩昂，仅次于帝王居住的宫室。府后的萃锦园则衔水环山，古树参天，曲廊亭榭，富丽天然;其间景致之变化无常，开合有致，实为中国园林建筑的典范。

根据现有的文献记载，在这块位于京城前海西岸，被"蟠龙水"环抱着的风水宝地上，元、明两朝曾经有过一座规模宏大的寺院，香火旺盛，游人如织，就连皇帝也来此礼佛上香。大约十六世纪中叶，该寺院才逐渐荒废，沦落为明朝廷的供应厂;清朝入主北京以后，在这里建造大小不等的院落若干，供内务府等普通旗人居住。

乾隆四十年前后，在皇帝面前红得发紫的和珅，相中了这块四周萦水，遥接西山，而且又离“皇上家”不远的风水宝地，遂以高价购买下这里的多处房产，建造成大名鼎鼎的“和第”。

恭王府之被称“半部清朝史”，是和居住在这里的三代主人密切相关的。尽人皆知，第一代府主和珅，是乾隆晚期的宰辅、大学士，又是历史上赫赫有名的贪官，在清史中十分惹人注目，有关他的传说也因此多不胜数。特别是他的儿子丰绅殷德，后来娶了乾隆皇帝的小女儿固伦和孝公主为妻，使这座豪宅一时成为了实际上的公主府……

嘉庆四年，和珅因罪赐死，嘉庆皇帝遂将这座宅第转赐给他的小弟弟庆郡王永璘。永璘大概算得上历代主人里最为钟爱这座豪宅的人。早在和珅当道时，乾隆的诸位皇子便凑在一起商订，将来不管谁当了皇帝，都要“办”掉和珅，惟十七皇子永璘说：“将来不论哪位哥哥当上皇帝，只要把和珅的这座豪宅赏给我，我就知足!”

说到永璘，或者许多人都不太熟悉，但若提起他的孙子，那个与李鸿章一起同八国联军签订《辛丑条约》的庆亲王奕劻，恐怕又是无人不晓了。奕劻也是中国近代史上著名的贪官，但与清末那一群懦庸无能的王公贝勒相比，他总还算是一个敢于负责，能够委以重任的人。因此，从同治朝起，奕劻便得到慈禧太后的宠信。在咸丰将府邸改赐恭亲王之前，他一直以辅国将军的身份在此居住。

至于说恭亲王奕欣，那更是中国近代史上最重要的政治人物之一，他参与了第二次鸦片战争以及其后(1853-1898年之间)的几乎全部重大政治活动，"辛酉政变"时，就是他把慈禧扶上了"垂帘听政"的宝座……毫不夸张地说，如果没有奕欣，整部中国近代史，乃至后来的中国历史就会改写。

如果说世间万物都有灵性，那么这座被"蟠龙水"包围着的明珠一般美丽的建筑，自从它诞生的那一天起，就注定是一个充满着忧伤气质，命运多舛的苦命宅园。

嘉庆四年(1799年)，和珅被处死之后，嘉庆帝即将这座豪宅的西半部，赐给了他那个只要和珅府不要皇帝位的十七弟永璘。之所以只给他一半，是因为当时，乾隆皇帝的十公主及其额驸丰绅殷德还住在那里。

和孝公主，是整部清朝历史中最具传奇色彩的公主，其生母为乾隆皇帝晚年的宠妃汪氏。乾隆四十年正月，当这位性情、外貌全都酷肖其父的"最幼女"来到世界时，皇帝已然是六十五岁高龄的老人。十公主虽身为女子，但天生神力，能开十个劲的硬弓，时常陪着父皇骑马打猎，乾隆因此爱她胜过所有的子女，他不只一次叹息："你要是个阿哥，这个皇位将来非你莫属啊!"的确，十公主非但武功卓绝，而且胸襟非凡，当和珅春风得意时，驸马倚仗其父权势行为娇纵，公主就曾经严肃地训斥他："你阿玛受我父皇厚恩，不思回报，却只知纳贿。我都替你们担忧啊，到了身家不保的那一天，连我也要受到你们牵累!"

十公主的话，虽不幸言中，但嘉庆皇帝最终还是念着兄妹之情，没有剥夺他这个小妹夫的爵位，公主夫妇也仍然住在原来的家里。这座宅第也就因此一分为二，西为庆王府;东为公主府，一直到道光三年(1820xx年)九月，十公主去世，整座府邸才全部归到庆王名下，而那时，永璘已经死去三年多了……

辛亥以后，按照民国政府优待清室条例的规定，王府成了府主人的私产。后因政局动荡，生计艰危，未世王孙们纷纷卖掉府第，以图生存。恭王府当然也同北京的其他王府一样，没能逃脱可悲的蜕变与分割。

1920xx年，小恭王溥伟为筹集复辟经费，将恭王府府邸部分的"龙票"，以八万银元的价格低押给北京天主教会的西什库教堂。十几年后，利上加利，原先八万银元的抵押款，滚到了近二十万，穷途末路的溥伟早已无力偿还这笔巨款债务了。1932年，由罗马教会兴办的辅仁大学，以教会之间的关系，用一百零八根金条代偿了这笔贷款，产权遂归这所大学。1937年，辅仁大学因扩充女生宿舍，收回房产，将府邸部分作为女院，并把后罩楼通向萃锦园的通道砌死，这样，府邸与花园就开始分开了。同年，原先居住在邸园中的溥伟二弟溥儒，又以十万银元的价格将花园也卖给了辅仁大学。

1949年，恭王府花园改为某国家机关宿舍;府邸为艺术师范学院、中国音乐学院及文化部艺术研究院等单位使用。1952年，中国音乐学院拆府前部一进四合院，盖起一座"现代风格"的食堂;1959年，又拆掉了原府邸大门外的所有房屋，建筑起一座曲尺形的琴楼和一座一字形的画楼。"文革"期间，厂桥空调器厂占用了大戏楼等花园东部的"半壁江山";国管局幼儿园则占据西路建筑。由于不合理使用与地震的破坏，到七十年代中晚期，花园的部分游廊和府邸东路南部一进院落的正房及东西厢房先后倒塌，其他建筑也都遭到不同程度的损毁，但所幸王府总体格局未遭破坏。

恭王府——世界最大的四合院，除皇帝和家眷外，任何人是不得住进紫禁城的。因此皇亲国戚们都要建造自己的宅弟，以为家居之所。于是，王府便产生了。今日的北京城里，还有60余座清代王府，其中恭王府是保存最完整的一个。

北京的清代王府都分布在内城区里，这和清代北京城的居住限制密切相关。城墙未拆除以前，北京城的格局是大“口”里面包小“口”，最中心的是故宫，外面的第二层是皇城，为政府衙门，第三层是内城，为清代八旗王公贵族集中居住的地方;最外面的第四层，才是汉人和其他民族的集中居住地。今天在北京内城漫步，还能时时看见深宅大院。

位于什刹海北岸的恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路。中路的3座建筑是府邸的主体，一是大殿，二是后殿，三是延楼，延楼东西长160米，有40余间房屋。东路和西路各有3个院落，和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园，20多个景区各不相同。

大观园是中国古典文学名著《红楼梦》里描绘的一大园林。《红楼梦》成书于北京，有中国封建社会秘史之称。根据书中的描写，人们在北京西南角建起了一座园林。这处取名大观园的新园是今日北京的一大胜景，每天游人不断。

由于恭王府有着《红楼梦》中所描绘的某些景物，因此 有人说恭王府花园是大观园的蓝本。但是，许多人又提出了不同的意见。恭王府到底是不是大观园的蓝本呢?这可能也是一个永远的秘密了。

恭王府的主人，是一等贵族，所以他的府邸不仅宽大，而且建筑也是最高格制。明显的标志是门脸和房屋数量。 亲王府有门脸5间正殿7间，后殿5间，后寝7间，左右有配殿。低于亲王等级的王公府邸决不能多于这些数字。

如果你看到深宅大院的门口耸立着石狮，你马上就可以判定大院的主人是不低于五品的-;如果你再仔细数一数石狮头上的卷毛疙瘩，你就会进一步认定品极;皇帝门口的石狮上有13排疙瘩，亲王12排，爵位越低，数量递减。

房屋的形式、屋瓦的颜色也是不能替越的。恭王府以前的主人是大0相和坤，他修建了庆颐堂，模仿了皇帝的宁寿宫。皇帝“加恩赐令自尽”时，这是其中的一条罪状。

北京故宫博物院英文导游辞

Hello, everyone,

We are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. This scenic spot is located at the center of Beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. This is the world – famous wonder – the Palace Museum.

The Palace Museum has served as the royal residence during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. The Palace Museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout Beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is Beihai(North Sea) Park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the Zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the Wangfujing Shopping Street; and to the north id Jinshan Park. Standing in the Wanchun (Everlasting Spring) Pavilion at the top of Jingshan(Charcoal Hill) Park, you overlook the skyline of the palace Museum. At the southern end of the palace is Tian` anmen (Gate of Heavenly Peace) and the famous square named after it . This is the symbol of the People` s Republic of China.

A world-famous historical site, the Palace Museum is on the World Heritage List of UNESCO and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

The Palace Museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . It has 9000-strong rooms in it . According to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .The whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian Gate in the south ,the Gate of Military Prowess in the north, Donghua(Eastern Flowery ) Gate in the north, Donghua ( Eastern Flowery) Gate in the east and Xihua(Western Flowery ) Gate in the west. On each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . Encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the Palace Museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

The Palace Museum was made a center of rule during the Ming Dynasty by Zhun Di, The fourth son of the founding emperor Zhuyuanzhang. The whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from Yongding (Forever Stable) Gate in the south to Gulou (Drum Tower) in the north. Prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .The construction of the Palace Museum involved manpower and resources across China. For example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. As the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in Chinese wood oil. Involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” The Palace Museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to China` s ancient architecture. It reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the Chinese working people. A carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the Palace Museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

北京长城英文导游词 ·岳阳楼英文导游辞 ·重庆英文导游词 ·西藏英文导游词

What we are now approaching is the main entrance to the Palace Museum-the Meridian Gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. On top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. The main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. It is flanked by two wings on each side .The wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. All of these structures are connected by a colonnade. Because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (Five-phoenix Tower) . Inside the main hall there is a throne. Drums and bells were stored in the wings. Whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the Hall of Upreme Harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

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Ladies and gentlemen:

The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing. It is also known as the Forbidden City in the old days. Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperors and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Its name, on the one hand, comes from ancient Chinese astronomers belief that Gods abode or the Purple Palace, the pivot of the celestial world, is located in the Pole Star, at the center of the heavens . Hence, as the Son of God, the emperor should live in the Purple City. On the other hand, except for palace maids, eunuchs and guards, ordinary the Forbidden City and the Purple City.

It took 14 years to complete the magnificent palace. Construction began in 1406 and finished in 1420. The following year, in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing. Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi, altogether 24 emperors lived here for a total of 491 years. 14 of then were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors.

The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares with a total floor space of about 163,000 square meters. It is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a10-meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat. At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days.

The Forbidden City now consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings with rooms of 8,704. Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble, stone or brick foundations. The building materials were from parts of our country. The timber came from Sichuan, Guizhou, Guandxi, Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China. But in the Qing Dynasty, the timbers were transported from northeast China. Other construction materials, including brick, stone and lime, were used by both Dynasties. The golden bricks that paved the halls were manufactured in Suzhou, refined bricks used to build the foundation of halls were made in Linqing, and lime came from Yizhou. White marble was provided regularly by Fangshan County and glazed tiles by Sanjiadian.

The Forbidden City can be divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace. The Outer Court consists of three main buildings where the emperors attended the grand of rear three main buildings and the six eastern palaces and six western palaces where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines to live in.

The Forbidden City is the best-preserved imperial palace in China and the largest ancient palatial structure in the world. In 1987 it was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO.

The Meridian Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City. It is called Meridian Gate because the emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe. It is 35.6meters high with five towers on the top, so it is also nicknames as the “Five-Phoenix Tower.”

The Meridian Gate was the place to announce the new lunar year calendar on the first day of 10th lunar month every year. Lanterns would also be hung up on the Meridian Gate on the 15th day of the first lunar month during the Ming Dynasty, when all the officials would have a feast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens, when all the officials would have a fast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens would go to the Meridian Gate to look at the beautiful lanterns. When a general returned from battle, the ceremony of “Accepting Captives of War” was held here. The “Court Beating” also took place here.

The gate has five openings. The central passageway was for the emperor exclusively. But apart from the emperor, the empress could use the central passageway on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony. However, after the palace examination, the first top three outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate. The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east. The two smaller ones on both sides at the corner were for the lowranking officials. During the Palace Examination all the candidates went in from these two side-gates according to the odd number or even number.

Hello everyone, my name is Yu Shihan, a student of class 4 (10) of Beihaiprimary school. Today, I will show you around Lu Xuns hometown. Speaking of LuXun, we all know that his original name is Zhou Shuren. He is the greatestwriter, thinker and revolutionist in modern China. Lu Xuns spirit is known asthe soul of the Chinese nation. Now Im taking you to the place where Lu Xungrew up and studied as a child.

Walking into Lu Xuns hometown, a picture of the late Qing Dynasty and theearly Republic of China is displayed in front of tourists. Through Fangkou oldstreet in Dongchang, we come to the gate of Zhou Jiatai, Lu Xuns ancestralhome. There is a small patio and hall in the entrance. Behind the hall is theplace where Lu Xun lived when he was a child. A small patio behind the building.Bluestone pavement. There is a tall osmanthus tree in the courtyard. In lateautumn, the fragrance of Osmanthus is very fragrant, so it is also called theosmanthus hall. To the north is the kitchen, with three cooking holes and onecooking utensil. In the north of the kitchen, there are three bungalowsseparated by a small patio, and in the back is the herb garden. Everyone musthave read "from BaiCaoYuan to Sanwei bookstore" and thats what it says.BaiCaoYuan covers an area of 20__ square meters. There are two gardens, big andsmall, where Lu Xuns children play.

About 100 meters away from his former residence, we came to Sanweibookstore, where Mr. Lu Xun studied when he was a child. On the middle wall ofthe room are the plaque of "Sanwei study" and the picture of pine deer. There isa couplet on the column of the room: "music is silent, filial piety is the onlything, too beautiful and tasteful is reading". There are square tables andchairs in the room. Thats where Mr. Lu Xun studied. He still has the word "Zao"carved on his desk!

Time flies. This is the end of the introduction of Lu Xuns hometown.Welcome to visit next time! Thank you!

绍兴鲁迅故居英文导游词3

Hello, tourists! My name is Hu Keyu. Im the tour guide who takes you to LuXuns hometown.

Lets go and have a look at the beautiful scenery there! When you enter thegate, you will first see four black people embedded in a gray and smooth stonetablet: "Lu Xuns hometown." there are pictures of potholes on it. In front ofthe stone tablet, there are statues of Kong Yiji and other four people. Illgive you ten minutes to take a group photo.

Now lets go to visit Lu Xuns ancestral home with me! Lu Xuns ancestralhome is Lu Xuns former home, which includes masters room, masters study,bedroom, piano room and kitchen.

Lets go out of Lu Xuns ancestral home and have a look at the oppositeSanwei bookstore. Sanwei bookstore was the place where Lu Xun read when he was achild. But there is a word "morning" carved on Lu Xuns desk. The word "morning"is because once his father was ill. He rushed to the drugstore early in themorning to buy medicine for his father, and then fried it well before he went tostudy. As a result, he was late for school and was taught After a few typing, hecarved a word "morning" on his desk, thinking that he couldnt be late in thefuture.

Now lets go to BaiCaoYuan! Entering the gate of BaiCaoYuan, you can seegreen vegetable beds, smooth stone well fences, tall acacia trees, purplemulberry trees, where Lu Xun played as a child.

Time flies like an arrow. In a flash, the tour of Lu Xuns hometown isover. Welcome to come again next time. Goodbye!

陕西华山英文导游词范文

华山(Mount Hua)，古称“西岳”，雅称“太华山”，为中国著名的五岳之一，中华文明的发祥地。下面第一范文网小编为大家带来了陕西华山英文导游词范文，希望对你有所帮助!

华山英文导游词

Hua Shan is the highest of Chinas five sacred mountains. It is 120 kilometers east of Xian. It has five peaks that resemble the petals of a flower. The highest peak is 2180 meters (7085 feet)。

We had had discussions about going to Hua Shan with some graduate students from Computer Science. That didnt work out due to changes in schedules on both sides. Also, they were planning to do the climb at night to be able to reach the peak at sunrise. That did not appeal to us. We wanted to spend a night on the mountain. Frans department arranged a trip for us, making reservations at the simple hotel on the North Peak. They sent two graduate students to accompany us, though they had not been to Hua Shan before. We met them at 8:00 on Saturday morning and took a taxi to the train station. There we asked around and located a mini-bus. The bus made a couple of stops. One was to see a presentation about the traditional medicines grown on the mountain and a chance to buy some of them. It probably would have been interesting if we understood Chinese. Our guides gave us the general outline about what was said. The other stop was a quick lunch stop.

There are two approaches to Hua Shan. [Chinese proverb: “There is one road and only one road to Hua Shan,” meaning that sometimes the hard way is the only way.] The west entrance involves 10 kilometers of walking on a road before you start climbing. We went with the east entrance, where the bus brings you to the base of a cable car that goes up to the 1500 meter North Peak. Our plan was to walk up to the North Peak, then climb to the four other peaks the next day and take the cable car down.

We started the climb in the early afternoon. The path consists of stone steps with rough chain link handrails in the narrowest areas (we wore our bicycling gloves for hand protection)。 Physically, it is more like climbing the steps of a skyscraper than trails at home. However, the temperature was about 95 degrees and there was not much shade. We brought lots of water, including some bottles that we froze and some Gatorade that we got at the fancy department store in downtown Xian. There are plenty of refreshment stands along the way where you can buy bottled water, the Chinese equivalent of Gatorade, and other drinks or snacks at a premium price.

We reached the North Peak before 4:00 PM and rested at the hotel. Our room was basic, but comfortable and clean enough. Because water is scarce on the mountain, there were neither showers nor sinks available for washing. In that sense the experience felt like camping, but we were sleeping in a big tent!

After dinner at the hotel restaurant, we spent some time talking with our guides. We were a bit surprised to find that they both think of Japan negatively, but like the U.S. It seems that Japans WWII behavior in China has not been forgotten, and is emphasized in school.

We saw a beautiful sunset and watched the sky become resplendent with thousands of stars, including the Milky Way galaxy. This was the clearest sky that we have seen in China. The fresh air at Hua Shan is a treat!

Our guides had both been planning to get up at 4:00 AM to watch the sunrise. Fran and I made sleep a priority. We did happen to wake up a bit before sunrise (our room faced east) and went outside to watch the sky become rosy. Ironically, our guides missed the sunrise because they had stayed up late watching the European soccer championships on the television in their room

The plan for the day was to climb the other four peaks, but we reserved the right to shorten the route. The first part was a steep climb to Middle Peak. After the low North Peak, all the others are at roughly 20xx meters. There were crowds on the way to Middle Peak – mostly Chinese hikers but we did see a few other wai guo (foreigners) as well.

We visited two Taoist temples en route to Middle Peak. Each one had an altar with incense and offerings of fruit. The friendly monks invited us to say a prayer or to send blessings to loved ones. Fran accepted their invitation. At the first temple, she lit incense sticks and knelt on a cushion in front of the altar saying a silent prayer for our safe journey to the various summits of Hua Shan (the prayer was answered)。 At the second temple, she knelt on a cushion in front of the altar and sent silent blessings to several friends who are experiencing challenging situations in their lives at present. After each blessing, she leaned forward and the monk struck a drum.

After Middle Peak, the crowds got much thinner. The next was East Peak, which had a steep ladder climbing rock. Fran was dubious about this ascent, but realized that the ladder wasnt so bad and went for it. That was a good decision because we were then able to do a loop and the trails got almost empty at this point. After skirting the top of a cliff with a steep dropoff on both sides, we had a pleasant walk to South Peak and West Peak. There was even a small amount of dirt trail! The summit of South Peak was the highest point on Hua Shan, so of course we asked another hiker to take a photo of our guides and us. The views from the tops of each peak were beautiful. Hua Shan and the surrounding mountains are very rugged and remind us somewhat of hiking in the southwestern United States or the Sierras.

We took a route that eventually brought us to the main line returning down from Middle to North Peak. We were happy to have ascended each of the five peaks (petals) of Flower Mountain.

By cable car (the longest in Asia)， it was just 7 minutes down to the park entrance. We caught a shuttle bus into town, then transferred to a bus for Xian.

Our guides told us that we had walked up and down a total of 4000 stairs! We were glad that we did not have this information when we started. For three days after returning home, our sore leg muscles instructed us to take the elevator to our fifth floor apartment rather than climbing the stairs.

华山导游词英语作文400字

Ladies and gentlemen,

Hello! I am your guide on this trip to Huashan Mountain, Gu Shiyin. I will show you the beautiful scenery of Huashan Mountain.

Let me introduce Huashan to you first. Huashan Mountain is a scenic spot in the " Natural and Cultural Heritage List" or a national AAAAA scenic spot.

The place where we are now is Yuquan Hospital. There is a story about it. Princess Jin Xian of the Tang Dynasty accidentally dropped a jade hairpin into the water while washing her hair in the jade well of Yuegong in Shanshan Town. After returning to Yuquan Hospital, when washing hands with spring water, I found the jade hairpin and knew that the jade spring eye was connected with the jade well. So the spring was named Yuquan, and Yuquan Hospital was named for it.

This is the most famous place in Huashan - Changkong plank road. The place where you tread can only hold one foot. The chain around your waist can protect you, so dont be afraid. Everybody go up.

After walking along the long and empty plank road, I came to the place where Chen Xiang splits the mountain. There is also a legend here. Three Notre Dame fell in love with an ordinary man and got married. Due to the violation of the heavenly rules, her brother Erzhi pressed the Holy Mother of Three under the Huashan Mountain. She gave birth to a child named Chen Xiang. Ten years later, Chen Xiang knew the truth and fought with Er Lei God. With the help of the gods, he defeated Er Lei God and saved his mother.

Here is the kite turning over. All tourists should pay attention to safety and take a rest here.

There are too many beautiful scenery in Huashan Mountain to see today. Lets continue our tour tomorrow.

与华山有关的英文导游词

Dear friends: Hello everyone!

Today, we will visit Huashan Mountain, also known as Taihua Mountain, which is located 120 kilometers east of Xi an City and south of huayin city.

Huashan Mountain, known as Xiyue in ancient times, is one of the five mountains in our country. It is named Huashan Mountain because of its natural arrangement of peaks like flowers. In December 1992, Huishan Mountain was rated as one of the 40 best scenic spots in the country. Even friends who have not been to Huashan Mountain will learn about the situation of Huashan Mountain from some interesting myths and anecdotes, such as " A Road to Huashan Mountain Since Ancient Times", " Huayue Xianzhang", " Chenxiang Ripping Mountain to Save Mother", " Huashan Mountain to Discuss Sword" and modern wisdom to take Huashan Mountain. These beautiful myths, legends and stories reflect peoples yearning for and worship of Huashan Mountain since ancient times.

South Chinas mountains overlook the Yellow River to the north and Qinling Mountains to the south. They are called " Huashan Mountain is like a standing mountain". The whole mountain has simple lines, sharp shapes, sharp axes, and towering and magnificent peaks. It is called " the most dangerous mountain in the world".

When it comes to oddity, it is made up of a huge and complete granite. The ancients said, " Mountain is not strange without stones, and pure stones are not strange." Huashan Mountain is cut into four sides, with a width of ten miles and a height of 5,000 feet. A stone is also called " Daqi". Huashan Mountain has five main peaks, of which the east, west and south peaks are the highest, and the three peaks stand upright. " It is said to have" three peaks outside the sky " as it flies out of the clouds, and its shadow falls into the Yellow River. When it comes to risks, it is a" long plank road " erected in the air. The " Quanzhen Rock" carved on the hanging rock has three faces: the " Harrier Turnover" with hollows, convexes and concaves, and the thousands of feet Children carved on the hanging rock on the cliff, Baichi Gorge, Laojun Plough, Moer Cliff, Canglong Ridge, etc. are all extremely dangerous and unusual. " Since ancient times, there has been a road in Huashan Mountain". The road in the mountain has only a north-south line. It is about 10 kilometers long, winding and rugged. Many places are really " and while one man guards it, ten thousand cannot force it".

In addition to its magnificent natural landscape, Huashan Mountain is also rich in historical and cultural accumulation and is full of cultural landscapes. Only at the foot of the mountain and along the valley road, inscriptions, poems and stone carvings will make people forget to return.

Friends, we are now in Yuquan Hospital. It is said that because the spring water here is connected to the Yujing on the top of the mountain and the water quality is clear and sweet, it is called " Yuquan Hospital". It is said to be the only place to climb Huashan Mountain. It was built by hermit Chen Tuan. The temple in the hospital has pavilions, winding corridors and flowing spring water. It is a tourist attraction. Yuquan Hospital and host institute and Zhenyue Palace, which we will see later, are Taoist activities. There are 53 temples in total. Most of the buildings in the hospital were rebuilt during the Ganlong years of Qing Dynasty.

Dear friends, we are now located at the foot of north peak, one of the five peaks, about 10 kilometers from the mouth of Huashan valley. this is the source of water flow in Huashan valley. please look at those trees along the direction of my fingers. maybe many people will know them. yes, it is the green kok tree. here, the green kok tree floats here, hence the name " green koping".

From Qingkeping to Yangshi, the mountain climbing road has changed from a flat stone slab road to a narrow stone ladder dug in the cliff. Seeing the mountain road spiral upward, many weak-willed tourists will come back here to watch the mountain come back in frustration.

Friends, we have now reached Beifeng. After the first three passes, I think everyone has a certain understanding of the risks of Huashan Mountain. Beifeng is double named Yuntai Peak, with an altitude of 1550 meters. The mountain here is majestic, overhanging on three sides, majestic and unique, and has a cloud shape. It is named after a cloud platform. Its height is the lowest, but it has a very important geographical location. The four peaks it guards are pivotal. The pavilion in front of us is called " Junhun Pavilion", which derives its name from the scenery movie " Zhizhuhuashan".

Now we are in Zhongfeng. Zhongfeng is also known as Yunv Mountain. It is said that during the Spring and Autumn Period, the hermit Xiao Shi of Huashan Mountain was fond of playing cave flute and the beautiful sound of flute won the admiration of Qin Mugongs little daughter Nong Yu. She gave up her luxurious and comfortable court life and lived in seclusion here with the history of flute. After many years, the two became immortals and took advantage of phoenix, hence the name of many scenic spots on the mountain. There were a jade female shampoo basin and a tree. Due to this beautiful love story, Huashan Mountain was endowed with some romance and tenderness after it was broad, solemn and deep.

Jingzhongfeng, I accompany you to visit dongfeng.

Dongfeng, also known as Chaoyang Peak, has a Chaoyang terrace on its summit, which is the best place to watch the sunrise. The mountain is not high, but the immortal is famous. Huashan Mountain is said to be a place where many immortals live. Taoist fairyland. Legend has it that Zhao Kuangyin in Song Taizu and Laozu Chen Tuan, a hermit of Huashan Mountain, have a chess terrace on it, which is the place where they play chess. Chen Tuan, also known as Mr. Xi Yi, is an immortal with a Taoist walk. After discussion, the two of them bet on Huashan Mountain. As a result, they lost to Chen Tuan. According to pre-established conditions, Huashan has since become a Taoist temple and has always received food. on the eastern cliff of dongdong peak, there is a natural pattern. as you can see, like a giant palm, this giant palm has more than 20 feet, with uneven five fingers, and the middle finger runs straight through the peak. when sunlight shines, the five fingers leap like a hanging picture. this is the " huayue fairy palm" at the head of the so-called " eight sights of Guanzhong". it is said that long ago, Huashan mountain was connected with zhongtiao mountain, and its right foot ascended zhongtiao mountain to open a passage for the yellow river. now what we see is the finger of the river god

Nanfeng, also known as Luoyan Peak, is the highest peak of Huashan Mountain, with an altitude of 2160 meters. It is like a fairyland when you come here. As the ancient poem says, " There is only heaven above, and there is no mountain and qi. You look up."

La région autonome zhuang du guangxi, la mer du nord, dans la province duguangxi, au large du nord-est de l’atoll situé le plus au sud, la mer du nord dugolfe beibu, est un paysage Urbain et le climat, avec, intense. Mais un paysagelittoral subtropical, la belle ville de la ville touristique.

La mer du nord au sud de la Chine est un beau rivage, le jardin de la villese situe, quartiers résidentiels arborés de rectitude, mers, de l’?le, les c?tesparticulières et le beau soleil du nom de l’eau, des plages nette, XiGe HuaYangparois latérales, prévoyant la construction dans des zones urbaines, des zonesrésidentielles gracieux, un style vertes, la nature des dons généreux àaccrocher un beau dessin. Population urbaine naturel, culturel, KeGu culturelsdes communes, des ?ufs culturelles contrastent fortement avec la culturelocale.

La mer du nord, la lumière du soleil se subtropicales, précipitations, lavégétation luxuriant. YeLu tout au long de l’année, quatre saisons GuaGuoconsacré beaucoup compliqué. Le milieu naturel sont bien protégés dans denombreux pays du continent et les ?les c?tières naturels, bonne température desplages, Vincent paronnaud nette à flot souple, comme la capacité nette de qualité de l’eau au niveau national. L’air est la plus fra?che national dansdifférentes villes du pays, dans le niveau excellent. La Chine villes vivablesest un ?trois? (c’est -à-dire en mer du nord, zhuhai, weihai, xiamen). Un YangBaprévale est gratuit.

La mer du nord du pays qui YinTan villégiature du tourisme et propositionsXingDaoHu deux continents, le tourisme dans une optique de vacances, et le parcforestier national flots ridge national de protection des mangroves, porte lesréserves naturelles, les zones naturelles protégées, BaiLong sirène paysZhenZhuCheng, zones protégées, GePu HanDai la sépulture, trincomalee, libelvédère versants des consulats européens ciea, un grand nombre de sites,Ha?ti, lac, comme l’agriculture, la sylviculture, les montagnes, les monuments,culturel?. L’état du YinTan shelco cinq plus sur la liste. Guangxi ?paysage dunord, la mer guilin est fière YinTan?.

Not far from my friends, you thousand, or even thousands of miles, herewill have to take a look at the beauty of huangshan? Just want to feel a happylife? Yes, huangshan is beautiful beautiful, can be said that day, the mountain,to step into it, see it, is really a pleasure in life. Long long ago, in thelong geological history, the infinite power of nature, to shape the elegance ofthe beautiful huangshan and all sorts of strange landscape, dumping,ecstatic.

Must watch in huangshan is the four unique of huangshan, speaking ofhuangshan mountain "four unique", in the first when pines. Pinus Chinese Taiwanensis, inwhat place? First is, in its very tenacious vitality, yellow pine comes from thehard Huang Gang rock steadily. Huangshan pine growing everywhere, they peak,long long cliffs, long in deep valleys lives, lush, full of vitality, can saynot strange? Second, pinus Chinese Taiwanensis in its unique natural modelling also. Theneedles of pinus Chinese Taiwanensis short dense thick green, green, branches QuSheng,canopy flat, show a kind of simple, robust and vigorous momentum, pine tree andevery place, every trees, on the appearance, enshrouded, artistically, applywhat is different, all have a strange beauty.

Followed by the peak, can be seen everywhere in huangshan strange formstrange rocks, these strange looking differ in thousands ways, some like, somelike things, some some reflects some of the myths and legends and historicalstories, lifelike, vivid and interesting. Some of these rocks have a plenty of amonster, kit kat and exquisite; Some independent into a scene, some severalcombination or with pine combined together into a scene. Also some peak becauseviewing position and Angle changed, looking also had the change, became a stonetwo scene.

Is the sea of clouds. Although other famous mountains in China also can seethe sea of clouds, but no one can be comparable to huangshan sea of clouds asspectacular and infinite change. About it is for this reason, huangshan mountainhas another name, called "yellow sea". This is not a vain, there is a history toprove it. Ming dynasty renowned one local Chronicles, called Pan Zhiheng, livedin huangshan for decades, wrote a 60 volumes tome, huangshan mountain, called it"the yellow sea. Some of huangshan scenic spots, hotels and many landscapenamed, is associated with this special "sea", if some landscape view in the seaof clouds, will appear more real, more lasting appeal. These are all proved thatthe name "yellow sea" is worthy of the name.

Finally, the introduction of hot springs. We often speak of the hot springand visit is a former mountain huangshan hot spring hotel, also called essencein ancient times, from the stone mountain purple gushed out. Use it is namedafter the hot spring scenic area, south into the huangshan scenic area after thefirst arrived. Hot spring water, water is warm all the year round in 42 degrees,good water quality, and contains minerals beneficial to human body, has thecertain medical value, for skin diseases, rheumatism and digestive systemdisease, have certain curative effect. But only bath, cant drink; Cloud says itcan drink, it is unscientific.

In fact, the huangshan hot spring more than one place. In huangshan northslope of mountainous peaks, there is a hot spring, called GuAn, called tinsprings. Its hot springs hotel with shannan horizontal distance of 7.5kilometers, the elevation is close, the north-south symmetry, echo each other ata distance. It is strange enough. But because it is located in the remote is notthe development and utilization.

Dear friends, todays visit was over. Welcome you and your friends to visithuangshan again. Thank you very much!

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Jiuhua Mountain. Its my great honor to be yourtour guide, to accompany you to appreciate the charm of Jiuhua Mountain andspend a perfect time together.

Jiuhua Mountain, located in Qingyang County, South Anhui Province, is oneof the four famous Buddhist mountains in China. Liu Yuxi, a writer of the TangDynasty, praised Jiuhua Mountain after climbing it. He thought that the famousmountains in the world could not compete with Jiuhua Mountain. Li Bai went toMount Jiuhua three times. Jiuhua Mountain is characterized by beautifulmountains and numerous Buddhist temples.

As early as the Eastern Jin Dynasty (401), temples began to be built on themountain. Since then, they have been added and expanded to form a small templein three li and a big temple in five li. The temples spread all over themountain. It is said that there were more than 300 temples with 4500 monks inthe prosperous period. At the moment, there are still 50 or 60 temples incomplete preservation.

When you visit Jiuhua Mountain, you first go to Jiuhua street, which ismore than 600 meters above sea level. It is the center of Jiuhua Mountain, andtemples are mainly concentrated there, so it is called the lotus Buddha kingdom.It is actually a village on the mountain. Besides temples, there are shops,schools, hotels and farmhouses. Visitors can stay there and take it as astarting point to visit the scenic spots on the mountain.

Huacheng temple on Jiuhua street.

Jiuhua Mountain is the oldest ancient temple of Jin Dynasty, and also themain temple of Jiuhua Mountain. The layout of the temples buildings is inaccordance with the mountain situation, reflecting the superb art ofarchitectural design. In the temple, there is an ancient clock which is morethan ten feet high and weighs about 20__ Jin. It is exquisitely cast and has aloud voice. It is struck with a mallet. The solemn and clear sound of the bellreverberates in the valley, which often makes people feel extraordinarilyrefined. Huacheng evening bell became one of the ten scenic spots in Jiuhua.

北京故宫英文导游辞

FORBIDDEN CITY(紫禁城)

(In front of the meridian gate)

Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am pleased to serve as your guide today.

This is the palace museum; also know as the Purple Forbidden City. It is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in China today. Under Ming Emperor Yongle, construction began in 1406. It took 14years to build the Forbidden City. The first ruler who actually lived here was Ming Emperor Zhudi. For five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when Qing Emperor Puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .In 1987, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization recognized the Forbidden City was a world cultural legacy.

It is believed that the Palace Museum, or Zi Jin Cheng (Purple Forbidden City), got its name from astronomy folklore, The ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the Ziwei Yuan(North Star). The constellation containing the North Star was called the Constellation of Heavenly God and star itself was called the purple palace. Because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. In folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, LaoZi, to the Hanghu Pass. Here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. The word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

The red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. Red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. Yellow is the color of the earth on the Loess Plateau, the original home of the Chinese people. Yellow became an imperial color during the Tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

The Forbidden City is rectangular in shape. It is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. It has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .A 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. Octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. There are four entrances into the city: the Meridian Gate to the south, the Shenwu Gate(Gate of Military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Gate of military Prowess) to the north, and the Xihua Gate(Western Flowery Gate )to the west ,the Donghua (Eastern Flowery Gate) to the east.

Manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the Forbidden City. A total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. Marble was quarried from fangshan Country Mount Pan in Jixian County in Hebei Province. Granite was quarried in Quyang County in Hebei Province. Paving blocks were fired in kilns in Suzhou in southern China. Bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in Shandong Province .Timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

The structure in front of us is the Meridian Gate. It is the main entrance to the forbidden City. It is also knows as Wufenglou(Five-Phoenix Tower). Ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the Chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .They also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

Qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. Qing Emperor Qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another Emperor` s name, Hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. Qing Dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. For example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the Emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

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各位旅客，大家好!我是天津大亚旅行社的导游黄添滋，大家就叫我黄导好了。今天我们要游览的是丽江古城，它以前叫做大研镇。它位于云南省玉龙雪山脚下。前面即将看到的就是丽江古城，它是我国历史文化名城之一。现已被列为《世界历史遗产名录》。丽江古城历史悠久，古朴自然，有水乡之容，山城之貌。

现在我们漫步在丽江古城有名的四方街上。大家知道吗?这条古街雨季不泥泞，旱季不飞灰。看这石头上的花纹庄重雅致，与整个城市的环境非常符合。它是丽江古城的代表，位于古城的核心位置。也是缜西北地区的商业中心。四方街是一个大约一百平方米的梯形小广场，大家看脚下，我们踩在五花石铺的地上，这条街四通八达，一会儿自由活动的时候，我们可以细细游赏。

大家随着我往前走，这就是位于玉河水系上的古桥，因为从桥下中河水可看到玉龙雪山的倒影，又叫映雪桥。桥长10余米，宽近4米。桥面也是用五花石铺成的。

我们下一站将要来到的是木府。现在看到的是木府，它是1998年重新建的。重建时在付内多添了一个古城博物院。它共占地面积是46亩，坐西向东，木府里大大小小共162间。有人游览后曾评价说，“木府是凝固的丽江古乐，是当代的创世史诗’’。

走出了木府，放眼看到的是福国寺五凤楼，它是云南省重点文物保护单位。它呈亚字形，楼台三叠，屋担八角，具有汉、藏、纳西民族的建筑艺术风格，是中国古代建筑中稀世珍宝和典型范例。

游客们，今天的旅程即将结束，请多提宝贵意见。现在我们自由活动。大家活动时一定要注意安全，我们晚上6点钟在车上见面。请记好车牌号：5243.祝大家玩的愉快!

Daming monastery is located in yangzhou city in northwest sichuan, 27, was built in the southern dynasty liu song period of the ancient temple.

Distinguishing the master had presided over the temple in the tang dynasty, to pass on ones experience about law. Temple built nine layers of a habitat of spirit. Today daming monastery in distinguishing memorial hall for the tang dynasty style architecture, distinguishing in 1963 died when the 1200th anniversary of the foundation, built in 1973, the main hall of worship with dry paint on 须弥座 clip made distinguishing storage cave, close the meditation, persistent, peace. Its front yard has more than one plant height when the rare flower Joan, lush leaves, spring blossoms as white as tracts, have the reputation of "yangzhou qionghua, the unique thing in the world". To daming monastery I saw people like tide, just went in to see there is a big sign, reading: "Ursa" four characters, once we worship the Buddha inside.

Finally, we came to live spirit. After entering their spirit inside there are four Buddha, are all the same, we have been to climb, to climb to the seventh layer have been exhausted, climb to the top to rest for a while, for air, air to continue to climb again. Finally climbed to the ninth floor, I feel very proud and very happy, I told mom and dad said: "Im so happy, the wind is very comfortable!" I look down, the good little, as if some toys, people like only small ants crawling around, and I look ahead in the distance, originally the world is so big!

Down after saw a tower and a drum. Leave is always coming, the day is so happy!

Chaya mountain scenic area is located in SuiPing county Zhumadian, 25kilometers away from downtown, a total of 150 square kilometers, averagealtitude of 600 meters. It is the first scenic area published in Henan,presently that wins national geological parks, national forest park and national4A scenic spots. Because of its exquisite scenery that builds a strangebeautiful scenery scroll, Chayamountain is honored “Huaxia basin” and “Jiangbeiforest of stone”. The poor landform, so that is the military commanderbattleground. As the valuable and non-renewable geological heritage, the ChayaMountain includes the steepness of Huashan Mountain, splendor of TaishanMountain, peculiarity of Huangshan Mountain, elegance of Emei Mountain andtranquility of Yandang Mountain. As the only granite landform ruins in China,also rarely seen worldwide, Chaya Mountain has great scientific values.

And now, we have got into the ChayaMountainscenic, the whole scenic isdivided into four parts, namely Beeswax hill, Southhill, Northhill, six peakshill. The essence of scenic spots is mainly concentrated in the Southhillparts,just the part were going to visit today. The mountain is bestowed with anagreeable climate and abundant resources. In each season, there is a splendor ofbeauty. In spring, birds sing and flowers give forth fragrance; in summer, theumbrageous woodlands can be seen and clinking sounds of flowing spring water canbe heard; in autumn, the mountain is fiery with maple leaves and in winter,clothed in white snow and ice。 Ok, please attention to look forward;we saw thehighest peak of the rock firstly that is the landscape of “monkey look uponmoon”, the protruding part in the center is “the sleeping Tang monk”,turn right45 degree, we will see the “drinking Bajie”. You will see his opening mouth andvertical tongue and pretty belly poured drunk in hillside, his childlike sceneis so lifelike that reluctant to leave.And then, we can see a peak that is“Beewax peak”, why entitled this name? It is side that there are full of wildflowers on the whole hill, so many bees are collecting pollen come here. And thehoney is too much and nobody collect it, so these honey were curdled in thestone. Every summer, the hill wasshined by the strong sunlight irradiation;honey will be flowedout the stone, and the whole mountain looks like besmearcovered with a thick layer of beeswax, so peopleput the mountain

named "Beeswax Mountain".And the lake under the mountain also got abeautiful name Xiumi lake. ChayaMountain, compared with other mountains has itsunique, the upper mount roll over one another, everywhere is strange stone, andmountain peaks, buton the bottom have thousands of holes. The MillionMan hole isone of them.Due to natural form of MillionMan hole is the underground cave, sothere are many holes in it, like a big giantmaze.And the space of the hole canaccommodate tens of thousands of people, therefore the name "million manhole".Enter the second door of the scenic area; we canpause to look upon theleft, a big tree hanging on the steep cliff. Its leaf is thick and cold, and itsdry resistance is strong. According to the provincial forestry bureau expertsidentified, it has been growing 600 years at here. Why it can survive in thisenvironment? Experts said that the root of the tree have a special function thatits root can secrete a kind of liquid that can dissolve microelement in therock, the tree will rely on absorption this rarely microelement to keep itslife.This also responds the saying:” The survival of the fittest”. Let’s keepmoving, now we came to the center of the scenic spot stone monkey park. EnterMonkey Park like into a monkeys warm home, three monkeys feel happy, pictured aharmonious family scenes.Look, there was a deep gorge in the north of the stonemonkey park that is the boundary between Chaya Mountain’s north hill and southhill. The stone monkey before our eyes that are the largest lifelike stonemonkey in the world. Looking at stone monkey at penglai three holes, seem to seea pair of embraced young lovers. But atxiumi lake area, then you can see thepeculiar landscape that elder monkey back younger monkey, it is real that astone three scenes. It is the time that ended the explain of Chaya mountain,then you can look around freely, after half an hour, we will gather at themountain’s door and have a lunch, please take full use of the time. Thank foryour cooperation!

the Native Place of Emperor Huangdi

The Native Place of Emperor Huangdi is located in the north of XinzhengCity. As a scenic spot of 4A- class assessed by the National Tour Bureau, it isa holly land for Chinese people all over the world to worship their ancestors,with memorial temples, andmausoleums of Emperor Huangdi situated here. Everyyear on March 3 of the lunar calendar, the day when the first emperor in Chinaestablished the first nation in Chinese history, people of Chinese origin fromhome and abroad gather in Xinzheng, the birthplace of XuanyuanHuangdi, or theYellow Emperor, to offer sacrifices and worship this legendary ancestor of theChinese nation. To respect this great Emperor, his descendants have held largeceremonies of worship, which have been attracting descendants of Yanhuang fromAmerica, Japan, Korea, Canada and other nations and areas each year. They comeback to worship, seeking their roots here in China.

Now, Here we are, The Native Place of EmperorHuangdi.This square was builtin the end of 1998.It covers an area of 15,000 square meters,of which 7,900square meters are covered with trees and flowers. It has become a very importantplace for the domestic and overseas Chinese descendants to hold large-scaledactivities to worship their ancestors. In the center of the square here is athree-legged tripod caldron, whichwas cast in the shape of bears, reminding ofthe Emperor Huangdi’s rising from the Youxiong Tribe. The three-sided body ofthe tripod caldron has the embossment of three dragons with a fireball, implyingthe glorious sun and praying for favorable weather for crops and a harvest.Standing at the center of the altar, it is laurelled as “the No.1 tripod caldronof the world” for its unparalleled size and its special origin. It is 6.99meters in height, 24 tons in weight, which has been registered in the GuinnessWorld Records. The height number of 6.99 made up of figure 6 and 9 implies themajesty of grandness in traditional Chinese culture. Through the Xuanyuan Bridgeabove the JishuiRiver , here we can see the main hall. Please look at the pairof the guarding animalssitting on both sides of the gate.They are stone bears.Do you know why chose bears to guard the gate? Because 5,000 years ago,thereused to be many bears in Xinzheng. Bear was a kind of animal,very powerful andfierce then. In order to show people’s worship, the Youxiong Tribe regarded bearas the totem of their own tribe. Well, let’s enter the hall, there’re 8 muralpaintings on the wall,which vividly depict the

great achievements of the Yellow Emperor during his life.They’reThe Birthof the Yellow Emperor,Making Boat and Chariot,Setting up an alliance byEmperorHuangdi and Emperor Yandi, Crusading AgainstChiyou,Making Youxiong theCapital, Holding High the Dragon Flag, Developing Agriculture and Stock Raising,Creation of Chinese Civilization. It’s a long story behind these paintings: Itis recorded that, in the Prehistoric Times, there lived many clans and tribesaround the Yellow River and the Yangtze River, yet Huangdi was the most renownedtribal leader at that time. When the tribe lead by Yandi began to decline,Huangdis tribe was flourishing. During this period, Chiyou,another triballeader, often lead his stronger tribe to invade other tribes, and invadedYandis tribe. With the help of Huangdi, they defeated Chiyou.After 52battlesHuangdi united China. All Chinese, despite nationalities, regardedHuangdias our ancestor. Huangdi, the initiator of Chinese civilization, was henceworshipped by his descendants. After the capital was built,EmperorHuangdi raisedhis flag of dragon, symbolizing the unification of all tribes. The dragon wasintegrated with different parts of various animals: horse’s head, deer’s horn,tiger’s mouth, snake’s body, fish’s scales, and eagle’s claw. Since then, dragonhas been the symbol of Chinese nation. On the both sides of the main hall,there’re eastern wing hall and western wing hall.In the east side hall,there isthe statue of LuoZu, the first wife of EmperorHuangdi. She was the first personto raise silkworm and weave silk in ancient China and alsoan outstandingrepresentative of ancient Chinese women. Every feudal dynasty set up temple forher and worshipped her as “the first ancestor in silkworm raising”. While in thewest side hall, here is the statue Mother Mo, the fourth wife of EmperorHuangdi, who had invented the earliest “loom”for weaving. Later generationscalled her “mother Mo---the ancestor of weavers”.

Hello and welcome to the north sea park visit tour. You must have heard of "let us once more sculls again" the popular song! Song is people went boating on the north sea.

Beihai park was built in the liao dynasty, dating back nearly one thousand years of history, is existing in our country the most glorious, preserves one of most complete imperial garden, is the art of Chinese historical gardens masterpiece. Beihai park covers an area of 69 hectares, of which there are 39 hectares of water surface, is mainly composed of jade island, east and north shore scenic spot. Its scenery is both momentum and graceful and restrained.

Beihai park is the most famous is the white pagoda. White tower is located in the center of the jade island, was built in the qing shunzhi eight years (in 1651), is the most significant building beihai park. It is a Tibetan lama tower, 35.9 meters high, from Kentucky, tower, treasure of three parts, it is the relics, lama scripture, and the mantle, with the "wave"). You see, in the set off of blue sky, towering pagoda is particularly dignified and beautiful, is the symbol of beihai park.

Beihai park there is a famous poem, it is to use yellow, purple, white, blue, red, green, and blue seven colour of masonry, a total of 635 dragon. China is now only three nine dragon screen, only the north sea is the double dragon, is one of the most beautiful one of the three nine dragon screen.

Numerous beihai park landscape, I said, let us sing at the same time, while walking slowly to visit beihai park! "Let us once more, paddle ship on the small waves, the sea reflects the beauty of the white tower, surrounded by green trees and red walls..."

Tourists friends:

Everybody is good! At the time of the spring flowers and you met in jinggangshan, to know each other, know each other, I am very happy! Today the jinggangshan trip by I do for you guide. I am the # # # # tourism, beside me and this is our driver # master. So I have to make a long story short, the introduction of jinggangshan for everybody...

Jinggangshan in the hunan-kiangsi border area, the middle of luoxiao mountains, tall the topography is complex, the main peak elevation in km above more, at the southernmost tip of the south side 2120 meters above sea level, is the highest peak of jinggangshan district.

Jinggangshan city covers an area of 665 square kilometers and a population of more than 50000 people, five township is a town, a provincial comprehensive electronic field and a natural reserve. CiPing basin is located in between the mountains, the city government of jinggang mountain area of total area of 89%, forest coverage rate is as high as 64%, is called "green treasure house", all have the original forest around, area of seven thousand hectares, there are more than three thousand eight hundred plant species, of which more than two thousand kinds of higher plants, more than eight hundred kinds of woody plants, there are tree species are unique to China or world scale wood, lantern pulled, sweet fruit, ginkgo, Douglas fir, pine, fir, Chinese Taiwan, fujian, silver bell flowers such as hundreds of parker. Jinggangshan is natural zoo, more than eight hundred and forty kinds of animals here, belong to the first, second and tertiary state protection tragopan caboti, macaque, south China tiger, the clouded leopard, civet cat, original musk and tufted deer twenty kinds. Because animal resource is rich, in 1981 set up an area of 16.6 square kilometers of the jinggang mountains nature reserve.

Jinggangshan since 221 BC qin dynasty set a group of XianZhi, namely for jiujiang LuLing XianShu, but CiPing development is in A.D. 668 years later, the size of 5 Wells in A.D. 1644 years after Jian Village village, and belong to yongxin county, LongQuan County (now by sichuan county). Until 1928 jinggangshan struggle period, here to set up the independent administrative organizational system, a new frontier area. Jiangxi jinggangshan administration, established in 1955, in 1984 changed to jinggangshan city.

Jinggang mountain belt Collins, ravines crossbar, stack overlapping peaks, steep terrain. On both sides of the mountains, the department for low mountain hills, from down to up, wei jinggang is like a huge castle, five ShaoKou is entering the "castle" to the "chengguan" point guard here, there are "there, mo open". In the autumn of 1927, MAO zedong. Like the Chinese communists led by zhu DE Chinese workers home of the red army, created the first rural revolutionary base here, as the Chinese revolution has opened up a finally seized of surrounding the cities from the rural correct road of the city. Thus to jinggangshan "revolutionary cradle" and drink praise at home and abroad. 1982, it was listed as national key scenic area, 1991 were Peng as "Chinas four top ten tourist destination", in 1994 as the national patriotism education base and the national garden city.

This miraculous land, once brought up MAO zedong, zhu DE, etc. A generation of great men. More than 30 revolutionary site is still in good condition, including state-level protection sites of 10, 2 provincial protected locations, municipal protection sites outside the 17. Nearly 3000 pieces of cultural relics collection of jinggangshan revolutionary martyrs museum and memorial hall, the forest of steles, sculpture group, the revolutionary martyrs monument in the integration of the chingkang mountains martyrs cemetery in detail describes the struggle of the story.

Jinggangshan in the hunan-kiangsi border area, the middle of luoxiao mountains, tall the topography is complex, the main peak elevation in km above more, at the southernmost tip of the south side 2120 meters above sea level, is the highest peak of jinggangshan district.

Jinggangshan city covers an area of 665 square kilometers and a population of more than 50000 people, five township is a town, a provincial comprehensive electronic field and a natural reserve. CiPing basin is located in between the mountains, the city government of jinggang mountain area of total area of 89%, forest coverage rate is as high as 64%, is called "green treasure house", all have the original forest around, area of seven thousand hectares, there are more than three thousand eight hundred plant species, of which more than two thousand kinds of higher plants, more than eight hundred kinds of woody plants, there are tree species are unique to China or world scale wood, lantern pulled, sweet fruit, ginkgo, Douglas fir, pine, fir, Chinese Taiwan, fujian, silver bell flowers such as hundreds of parker. Jinggangshan is natural zoo, more than eight hundred and forty kinds of animals here, belong to the first, second and tertiary state protection tragopan caboti, macaque, south China tiger, the clouded leopard, civet cat, original musk and tufted deer twenty kinds. Because animal resource is rich, in 1981 set up an area of 16.6 square kilometers of the jinggang mountains nature reserve.

Jinggangshan since 221 BC qin dynasty set a group of XianZhi, namely for jiujiang LuLing XianShu, but CiPing development is in A.D. 668 years later, the size of 5 Wells in A.D. 1644 years after Jian Village village, and belong to yongxin county, LongQuan County (now by sichuan county). Until 1928 jinggangshan struggle period, here to set up the independent administrative organizational system, a new frontier area. Jiangxi jinggangshan administration, established in 1955, in 1984 changed to jinggangshan city.

Jinggang mountain belt Collins, ravines crossbar, stack overlapping peaks, steep terrain. On both sides of the mountains, the department for low mountain hills, from down to up, wei jinggang is like a huge castle, five ShaoKou is entering the "castle" to the "chengguan" point guard here, there are "there, mo open". In the autumn of 1927, MAO zedong. Like the Chinese communists led by zhu DE Chinese workers home of the red army, created the first rural revolutionary base here, as the Chinese revolution has opened up a finally seized of surrounding the cities from the rural correct road of the city. Thus to jinggangshan "revolutionary cradle" and drink praise at home and abroad. 1982, it was listed as national key scenic area, 1991 were Peng as "Chinas four top ten tourist destination", in 1994 as the national patriotism education base and the national garden city.

This miraculous land, once brought up MAO zedong, zhu DE, etc. A generation of great men. More than 30 revolutionary site is still in good condition, including state-level protection sites of 10, 2 provincial protected locations, municipal protection sites outside the 17. Nearly 3000 pieces of cultural relics collection of jinggangshan revolutionary martyrs museum and memorial hall, the forest of steles, sculpture group, the revolutionary martyrs monument in the integration of the chingkang mountains martyrs cemetery in detail describes the struggle of glorious history. You want to explore Chinese modern revolutionary historic and martyrs glorious traditions, jinggangshan will give you a satisfactory answer. Jinggangshan revolutionary relics many not only, and the wind shadow is very beautiful, scenic area of 213.5 square kilometers, divided into CiPing, longtan, Huang Yangjie, finger peak, bijia mountain, fairy mouth, paulownia ridge, xiang states eight scenic spots, there are more than 60 spots, scenery landscape more than 270. Majestic mountains, odd rocks, towering old trees, the waterfall of magic, pound of sea of clouds, magnificent sunrise, romance of the cuckoo, strange caves, is invigorating, linger. Not severe cold in winter here, summer without heat, mild climate, four seasons, salty, spring to admire the cuckoo, summer view to the sea, autumn jams tabled xiuse, winter snow. Sightseeing, summer recuperate, a good place for scientific research, history research. No wonder Chinese contemporary writer, famous historian comrade guo moruo in point of revolutionary site, browse the longtan scenic spot, a "under the jinggangshan, above the hills dont think to swim" lament.

Jinggangshan humid tropical climate. , throughout the year, annual average temperature of 14 ℃, July 24 ℃, the average temperature for the thermidor; January average temperature 3 ℃, for the most of. Average annual rainfall of 1865 mm, annual average fog day for 96 days. WenXia cold winter, warm autumn, spring, summer, more rain, autumn and winter to fog. Here is rich in all kinds of "regulations", the bamboo shoots, mushrooms, yu lanpian, partridge, stone ear the most enjoy a high reputation. Here convenient transportation, convenient highway. North by gian to nanchang, south to ganzhou can fujian, guangdong, ningkang west of chenzhou, hunan province, changsha and other places.

The glorious history. You want to explore Chinese modern revolutionary historic and martyrs glorious traditions, jinggangshan will give you a satisfactory answer. Jinggangshan revolutionary relics many not only, and the wind shadow is very beautiful, scenic area of 213.5 square kilometers, divided into CiPing, longtan, Huang Yangjie, finger peak, bijia mountain, fairy mouth, paulownia ridge, xiang states eight scenic spots, there are more than 60 spots, scenery landscape more than 270. Majestic mountains, odd rocks, towering old trees, the waterfall of magic, pound of sea of clouds, magnificent sunrise, romance of the cuckoo, strange caves, is invigorating, linger. Not severe cold in winter here, summer without heat, mild climate, four seasons, salty, spring to admire the cuckoo, summer view to the sea, autumn jams tabled xiuse, winter snow. Sightseeing, summer recuperate, a good place for scientific research, history research. No wonder Chinese contemporary writer, famous historian comrade guo moruo in point of revolutionary site, browse the longtan scenic spot, a "under the jinggangshan, above the hills dont think to swim" lament.

Jinggangshan humid tropical climate. , throughout the year, annual average temperature of 14 ℃, July 24 ℃, the average temperature for the thermidor; January average temperature 3 ℃, for the most of. Average annual rainfall of 1865 mm, annual average fog day for 96 days. WenXia cold winter, warm autumn, spring, summer, more rain, autumn and winter to fog. Here is rich in all kinds of "regulations", the bamboo shoots, mushrooms, yu lanpian, partridge, stone ear the most enjoy a high reputation. Here convenient transportation, convenient highway. North by gian to nanchang, south to ganzhou can fujian, guangdong, ningkang west of chenzhou, hunan province, changsha and other places.

Now, the car came to the foot of the mountain of the jinggang mountains, let us into the arms of it!!!!!!!!!

Everybody is good! Welcome to the famous old town of lijiang world culture heritage. I am Chen Yihan, you can call me xiao Chen, today by me to accompany you come to lijiang.

Lijiang also known as dayan town, it is located in the middle of lijiang dam, xiangshan, Jin Hongshan, west to the north pillow of sierra leone, the fertile land in the southeast face dozens of example. Lijiang is the second batch of approved one of the famous historical and cultural city in China, is also China to the United Nations to declare world cultural heritage succeed one of the ancient city.

Now I came to the old town of lijiang. In the streets of the ancient city of lijiang built according to the mountain, and with the current set, breccia paved with red, not muddy the rainy season, dry fly ash, stone patterns vivid, natural elegant, very delicate, and the whole city environment bring out the best in each other, that is the square street. Sifang street is a representative of lijiang five-arched, located at the core of the ancient city of location. Sifang street is a small square, trapezoid five marble floor, the stores one on both sides of the street. From the square street corners of the extended four big main street: righteousness wruyi street, July 1 street, street light, xinhua street, and from the four main splits into so many streets, like a spider web crisscross, ease, to form a square street as the center, extension of careful step by step along the street and open landscape. YuHe in lijiang river over 354 Bridges, on average every 93 square kilometers. A stone bridge, masonry bridge, roads and other bridge. You can look at the scenery here, take a photo.

Please be touring here, thank you for coming, everyone in the process of play, pay attention to safety, pay attention to the environmental health, wish you have fun!

莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中，其名称的由来众说纷纭，莫衷一是，大抵有三种说法：其一，是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名，在古汉语中沙漠的漠和莫高窟的莫是通假字;其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载，唐代沙州敦煌县境内有漠高山、漠高里之称，据此考证，鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山，因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名;其三是说在梵文里莫高之音是解脱的意思，莫高是梵文的音译。

故事

莫高窟创建于前秦，关于莫高窟的创建由来啊，有这样一个故事。longlongago，有一个叫乐樽的和尚云游到鸣沙山下，这时正值黄昏，太阳就要沉落在茫茫无际的沙漠之中了，他又饥又饿，茫然四顾，在向东方远望时，忽然看见三危山高耸的峰顶在夕阳的映照之下，金光闪闪，好似有千佛在其中显现。和尚一下子被这奇妙的景象惊呆了，欢喜万分，立即顶礼膜拜，并许下了造窟的誓愿。他随即化缘，开凿了第一个洞窟。消息不胫而走，很快传向了四面八方，于是就有许多善男信女前来朝拜。后来又有一个叫法良的禅师，在乐樽开凿的洞窟旁边又开凿了一窟。但是时至今日，人们已经无法弄清最早开凿的究竟是哪两个洞窟了，因为到唐代时候，这里开凿的洞窟已经有一千多个了。也难怪人们会把莫高窟成为千佛洞。

概况

莫高窟已经有1600多年的历史了，壁画45000平方米，塑像2400余身，现存洞窟491个，理所应当的以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整，其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下，享誉国内外。

壁画

说到莫高窟，不得不说的是她的壁画。莫高窟壁画就像一座巨大的美术陈列馆，向人们讲述着神秘高深的宗教艺术。壁画内容主要有尊像画(佛、菩萨、天王像等)、宣扬西方极乐世界的经变画、佛经故事画、佛教史迹华等等。壁画有的反映生产生活社会生活，有的反映衣冠服饰建筑造型，有的反映音乐舞蹈杂技各种艺术，总之就是人间百态尽在其中。也为我们了解古代人打开了一扇窗口。莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的，是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的，它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里，要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话，可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大，题材之广泛，艺术之精湛，被日本学者称之为一大画廊法国学者称之为墙壁上的图书馆正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说：看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明。

飞天

飞天是莫高窟的另一个精华。在莫高窟的众多石窟中，都绘有大量的飞天形象。飞天，是佛教中乾达婆和紧那罗的化身。乾达婆是天歌神，在佛国里散发香气，为佛献花供室;紧那罗是天乐神，在佛国里奏乐歌舞。他俩原是古印度神话里的一对夫妻，后被佛教吸收为天龙八部的众神之一，就职能不分合为一体变成飞天了。敦煌飞天的风格特征是不长翅膀，不生羽毛。那靠什么飞呢?是借助云彩，凭借飘曳的衣裙和飞舞的彩带凌空翱翔，可谓千姿百态，千变万化，婀娜多姿，曲线优美。难怪有人会说，中国女人对S型完美曲线的狂热追求是源自这里呢!

总结诚实守信

莫高窟堪称世界最大的艺术宝库之一。是举世闻名的佛教艺术宝库，所以我一个小小的导游肯定有很多地方涉及不到，不妥之处还请大家多多指教。

圆明新园以北京圆明园为原稿，按1：1比十景中的十八景修建而成，投资6亿元人民币，是我国首批4A级景区之一。它三面环山，南面平坦开阔，福海湖水域面积8万平方米。圆明新园集，所有建筑景观均按原尺寸仿建。大殿“正大光明”、“九州清晏”、“蓬岛瑶台”、“方壶胜景”组成中轴线为皇家宫殿式建筑群。

远瀛观

远瀛观景点是西洋楼景区的主要景点，从南北轴线上可划分为南、北、中三段。昔日曾是乾隆皇帝宠爱的香妃生活和娱乐的场福海中央，从岛上可隔湖眺望四周如画的景色。

长城

圆明新园的长城是按一比二的比例仿北京古长城而建，起点为南海雄关，终点至郭超山顶，沿途设有众多烽火台供游客风赏珠海全景及澳门景观。

大水法

大水法是远瀛观前的设施。与它前面的喷泉、汉白玉门柱上的精美雕刻组成一种异国情调。

配殿所展示的圆明园的诞生、盛期、焚毁、新园逢时等时期的珍贵图片资料，是中国近、现代史的缩影。

大宫门的上方悬挂着著名书法家启功先生题写的园匾“圆明新园”四个大字。门前的金水桥架落在形如曲月的御河上，桥外耸立着雕刻精美的华表和威武雄壮的石狮。

西洋楼群

建在长春园的一群欧洲式园林建筑，俗称西洋，由海晏堂、远瀛观、大水法等十余个建筑和庭园组成。它建于乾隆十二年至二十四年(传教士朗世宁、蒋友仁、王致诚等设计指导，中国匠师建造。建筑形式是欧洲时期巴洛克风格，造园形式为“勒诺特”风格。但在造园和建筑装饰方面也吸取了我国不少传统方法。例如：这些建筑主体为西洋式，楼顶装饰则采用中国古代传统的琉璃瓦。西洋楼群有几组水法(人工喷泉)颇为别致。

万方安和

万方安和，建于雍正初年公元1720__年。它的建筑形式很奇特，房屋建在水池里，成为一个万字型，寓意四海承平。房屋有三十三间，东西南北，室室曲折相通。在通风、保暖和采光等方面，都有独到的讲究之处，具有冬暖夏凉之妙。雍正帝最喜欢在这里居住。南面正室的匾额题有“万方安和”，后来便成为这一带的统称。雍正四年即“万方安和”建成的第一年，雍正赐弘历(即乾隆)读书于此处。

曲院风荷

始建于公元1720__年左右，这是仿杭州西湖的“曲院”。西湖的曲院，原来是宋朝的一处酿酒作坊，四周有池，荷花最多，随风摇荡其中，因而取名“曲院风荷”。乾隆很喜欢这个景致，于是南巡江南时仿此景置于园中。乾隆曾经赞扬此处佳景赛过杭州西子湖。

濓溪乐处

建于公元一七二七年左右，是园中赏荷的地方。在长满荷叶的水面上，有一组临水殿堂;有伸向水面的香雪廊。乾隆、嘉庆帝也特别喜欢在此吟诗作对。乾隆帝居于圆明园时，在濂溪乐处作诗最多。

平湖秋月

西元1720__年初已建成，是仿杭州西湖十景之一的平湖秋月，造型上融汇了杭州西湖平湖秋月和双峰插云之精华。它依山面湖，竹林茂密，每当秋深月皎，面对十顷澄湖，波光涟漪，有如置身於西子湖畔。

嘉庆曾对石舫有诗云：近水长屋以舫称，逢窗开处称吟。偶然假借名活画，活画方斯恐未能。

各位朋友，现在我们来到了天坛，首先我为大家简单介绍一下，天坛是世a686964616fe58685e5aeb界上现存的规模最大的古代皇家祭祀性建筑群，它是明清两代皇帝祭天、祈谷及祈雨的地方.天坛完工于公元1420年，位于紫禁城的东南方向，全园占地273公顷，是紫禁城面积的4倍。在中轴线上有三组非常重要的建筑，自南向北依次是圜丘坛、皇穹宇及祈年殿。另外，园中西侧有斋宫等建筑，全园遍植古松、庄严肃穆，是一处非常理想的祭祀场所。

在明代，天坛初建之时，实行天地合祭，不仅祭天，而且祭地，其位置便是今天祈年殿所在的祈谷坛上。后来，在京城的北面设地坛，专门祭地，又在祈年殿的南侧修建了圜丘坛及皇穹宇，专门祭天，从而形成了今天的格局及规模。1900年八国联军入侵北京，天坛也未能幸免于难。侵略者在此胡作非为，盗走并破坏无数珍贵文物，犯下不可饶恕的罪行。

最后一个在这里祭天的人是窃国大盗袁世凯，但天不随人愿，袁某只做了83天皇帝瘾便一命归西了。解放后，国家多次拨款重修天坛，但不再是为了祭天，而是为了给世人、给世界留下一份遗产。

First of all, on behalf of all the staff of __ travel agency, I would liketo extend a warm welcome to you and thank you for your support and trust in ourtravel agency. My family name is X. please call me Xiao X. next to me is ourteam driver, master X. Master X has rich driving experience. I believe you willfeel comfortable and safe on the way. If you have any difficulties andrequirements during the journey, please put forward them in time, and I will trymy best to serve you. Here, I wish you a pleasant journey, happy to come andsatisfied to return.

The scenic spot we are going to visit today is the ancient culture street.The ancient culture street is a street with Tianhou palace as the center andTianjin local characteristics. It is located in gongnangong North Street, NankaiDistrict, where all kinds of handicrafts and cultural goods from Tianjin andeven all over the country are gathered. It attracts a large number of touristswith "Chinese flavor, Tianjin flavor, ancient flavor and cultural flavor". Sowhat about the ancient culture street? Lets make an evaluation after visitingit in person.

We have come to the parking lot of the scenic spot. Please remember thatour car number is __ and the license plate is ______. The car is parked on theleft side of the parking lot. We are still meeting here at 4 p.m. please lockthe window. Please take your valuables with you. Please get off.

First of all, we see an ancient archway with the word "Gushang art garden"written on it. "Gushang" is the old name of Tianjin, and "Yiyuan" means thebirthplace of culture, that is to say, it is the earliest birthplace of culturein Tianjin. On the back of this archway, you can also see two words - jinao.The meaning of "gold" is precious, while "Ao" is the allusion of "carp leapingover the dragons gate". It is said that the carp leaping over the dragons gatewill be reborn and become Ao. Ao is the embodiment of the dragon. It is saidthat there are golden Ao in the Haihe River in Tianjin. Since then, we will beprotected by golden Ao. After reading these two words, please have a look at thetwelve copper coins under our feet, which represent the heyday of China from theTang Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. These copper coins, from small to large, meanthat after we walk through this street, we will have a lot of good fortune, andhope that our motherland will become rich and strong. After you have seen thecopper coin, continue to come here, lets go to the next stop tongqingli to havea look.

Now you follow me into tongqingli, which was built in 1920__ and is thelargest building complex of Chinese and Western style in Tianjin. After enteringthe gate, we can see four murals on the wall, which reflect the market cultureof Tianjin, including "civilized marriage", "walking on stilts", "dragon boat"and this "witty talk" here. When you come to this side of the Hutong, you cansee two large murals. One is the picture of Lu River in Tianjin on this side,which shows the prosperous sea scene of Tianjin at the mouth of the trigeminalriver. The other is the picture of young willows in that year - huangdamen,which describes the customs of the common people during the lunar new year.

Out of tongqingli, please follow me and take a look at the Jade EmperorPavilion, a Taoist temple with a history of 600 years. Yuhuangge is located onthe high side of the river. It is open and spacious. It is a good place to climbup and look far away. Therefore, every year on the Double Ninth Festival,Yuhuangge is unprecedentedly lively. In the rear of Yuhuangge, we also see ashrimp stone, which has a history of hundreds of millions of years and ispraised as "longevity stone" by the common people. We can touch the longevitystone and wish our friends a long life.

After walking through the shrimp stone, we are now in Tianyan square. Itgot its name because it was close to the place where Yan Fulao, a famous modernChinese translator, lived, and it was here that tianyanlun was translated intoChinese.

I dont know if you have noticed that there are a large number of coloredpaintings in the shops and under the eaves of the whole street. These paintingsare drawn in the order of historical events, with a total of more than 800. Thewest side is painted with four famous works, and the east side is legendarystories from Han Dynasty to Qing Dynasty. What we see now is the clay figurinezhangshijiadian, which has a history of more than 140 years. Now it has spreadto the fifth generation and has been recognized as one of the first nationalintangible heritage projects.

Well, now weve come to Tin Hau square. The famous Tin Hau palace islocated here. Before entering the Tin Hau palace, lets take a look at theflagpole in front of the mountain gate. It is said that when the flagpole wasfirst set up, on the one hand, it hung lights to guide the water boats going toand from sanchahekou, on the other hand, it served as a foil for the Tin Haupalace, which made the whole building complex appear to be in perfect disorderand extraordinary momentum. The theater opposite is the earliest open-air stagein Tianjin and also the earliest place for people to entertain themselves.

Now lets take a look at Tianhou palace. Built in Yuan Dynasty, Tianhoupalace is one of the three largest Tianhou palaces in the world. As we all know,most temples in our country face south, but the Queens palace faces west andEast. Why? Because we have to face the Haihe River, which leads to the BohaiSea. Facing the Haihe River means facing the sea, so that when it is notconvenient for the believers to go ashore, they can worship the queen on boardand pray for peace.

Now we come to the main hall, which is the place where empress dowager isworshipped. The one sitting in the middle is Tian Hou. Mazu, originally namedLin Mo, is a native of Meizhou, Fujian Province. She was born miraculous. She isfamiliar with the nature of water and often rescues ships at sea. Later, he wasworshipped as a God, and was granted the title of Tianfei and Tiantian.

We have come to the north entrance of the ancient culture street. Thepattern of the twelve zodiac animals is paved on the ground. It reflects thetraditional Chinese folk custom of "twelve zodiac animals" for thousands ofyears. It means that the ancient culture street is prosperous in people andmoney for twelve months a year, which echoes the pattern of copper coins pavedin the north entrance. Each of US tourists can step on the animal patterns thatare the same as our own, so that we can bring wealth and auspiciousness to ourfamilies. If you look at this archway again, the "clear snow" on the insiderefers to the scenery of early clear after snow and full of tourists. On theoutside is the word "hometown of Jinmen", which means that the area near theancient culture street is the center of Tianjin. Todays Tianjin is formed bythe gradual development of this area as the original center.

Well, we have finished visiting the main scenic spots. Next time, you canvisit freely, or buy some special products with Tianjin ancient flavor. Letsmeet in the parking lot at 4 pm. The license plate number is ______. Please payattention to your safety and dont be late.

Today, we have passed the 680 meter long ancient culture street to show youthe national characteristics of Tianjin Folk Customs. Our journey is over. Thankyou for your support and cooperation in my work. Please forgive me if there isany inadequacy or inadequate care in my service today. I also hope you can giveme more valuable opinions. I look forward to our next cooperation. Finally, Iwish you good health, smooth work, success and all the best!

Wei river bank Mongolia in eight hundred, is mainly composed of interpretation, mengshan mountain, north mountain, forth, Meng Lianggu high mountains carrying countless hills. Interpretation of mountain, mengshan, LuShan in km above sea level, high mountains and steep, multifunction risk ridge, recomposition of overlapping peaks, multifunction cascade mountains, cliffs, rock climb, ancient towering, waterfall and fountain, jian qing, YiHe, haunted the shuhe river such as belt. Wenfeng hill, FuLaiShan, feather the mountains, horse hair and seventy-two multifunction, grand and show deep and remote and beautiful landscapes.

Interpretation of shandong rizhao city on the yellow sea, blue sea and mountains set each other off becomes an interest.

Yiyuan LuShan water-eroded cave, the size of dozens of karst cave, cave in peak forest, the diversity. In addition, the interpretation of the source yan mountain fairy cave, and in pingyi county Zhao Zhuang fei county trabecular zhuang cave cave and the top of the mountain caves, etc. And each has its own characteristics.

Hot springs in linyi, weapons, spewing, can see, can recuperate again. Country-specific ones the cuttlefish &fried spring belongs to the national grade a hot spring, has now become a famous health resort.

River bank Mongolia many fomous trees on earth. FuLaiShan a ginkgo tree, nearly 4000 years old, is the spring and autumn period, lu monarch and junan son cemented, "world a ginkgo tree," said. Rizhao north li zhuang zi an auric osmanthus tree, 340 years ago, is known as the "king of the north osmanthus. Rizhao, TanCheng, interpretation of the source tree, snow and other cities and counties of thick shell rose tree, the pentagon maples, maidenhair tree, black play fomous trees and other rare trees, tree age were more than in 300. In pingyi county existing state-level forest park.

The existing river bank Mongolia cultural relics nearly thousand. Mainly include the paleoanthropological sites, sites of ancient culture, ancient architecture, ancient stone carving, celebrity former residence and so on.

Mengshan, called the "east", also known as "cloud", is the tallest mountain in the yimeng mountain area. Fei county, pingyi, weapons, darkened it across four counties, something about 150 li long, north-south width 30 li. There are three main peak mengshan: name of sea floor, at an altitude of 1001 meters east of old said east Mongolia; Among 1026 meters above sea level of call pegs, and take also called cloud Mongolia; On the west side 1156 meters above sea level, is the most precipitous turtle mengding.

In turtle root of nanshan, and on the top of the site have ZhuanYu countries. According to historical records, Zhou Wang fu xi seed in this foundation, responsible for the cult mengshan, called ZhuanYu, is attached to lu. Legend ZhuanYu king flower under mengshan mengshan ceremony held cult, and later, people built a temple here, core value, called the temple, this is li daoyuan in "water the note said" temple ".

Starting from the flower drum, through a thick woods, walking about in the second, there is a river, river on the broken bridge, the bridge stele engraved with "meet fairy bridge" three characters, legend spark long emperor boarded the turtle mengding is across the bridge.

From meet fairy bridge uplink three mile to peach blossom valley. Legend of the warring states period of military strategist sun bin is studied with written here, guiguzi see sun bin honest people, a safe, ever let him watch here taoyuan. Through the peach blossom valley, the red door, into the palace. Here from xiangyang, quiet and refined. Stepping stone steps, step on the platform, the platform have palace temple. More and go up out of the palace, to the mountain steep, step three asthma, name Ma Ling back, because no matter how the lithe horse, here also have to go back. Boarding Ma Ling line not far, then listen to wind roar, song tao, I saw a piece of black stones, in front of the teeth were bared like a monster is blocking the way, this is the famous HeiFengKou.

Ya in HeiFengKou north, can be seen through a mountain and clear the unfathomable deep valleys below. After small throttle up, wind pass, such as the door at the foot of the trail was completely hide among the greenness of weeds. Out of weeds, ten took out of the complex terrain, is suddenly enlightened the worse it is around the corner. The worse the nine dragon temple, guanyin hall, above is a five room stone temple, the stone walls, pillars, Shi Liang, purlin, the roof is SLATE paved.

3.孟良崮旅游区导游词

庐山英文导游词

庐山，又名匡山、匡庐，是中华十大名山之一，位于江西省九江市庐山区境内，九江县一东，星子县以西。，相对高度1200～1400米。最高峰为汉阳峰，海拔1474米，东偎婺源鄱阳湖，南靠南昌滕王阁，西邻京九大通脉，北枕滔滔长江。下面是关于庐山的英文导游词范文，欢迎大家阅读!

庐山英文导游词

Friends, to visit with everyone Xiufeng Lushan Mountain, the Scenic Xiufeng shared interest. Is a good time to do yo!

Throughout the ages here enjoy "the beauty of Lushan in Shannan, Shannan of the United States in the Xiufeng" argument. Xiufeng mountain, Xiufeng water, attitude happening, you do not want to be her infection, not as myself! Artful shape of the mountains here are the (Heming peak), crawling like turtle (turtle line peak), tangible, such as incense burners like (Hyangnobong), and days like Tu sword (swords peak), sister-phase Hees (her sister peak), women in the rest of the sleeping mountains ... ... and so on; in the mountain streams flow between these peaks, even Pentium out of the "waterf-alls three thousand feet," the Lushan Waterf-all. Green shows where the mountains, waterf-alls You beauty, lush forest, lake of Health enchanting, natural day become a competing show depicting the beauty of the peaks.

Xiufeng ancient Chinese life is to love the place fondly. Jiang Yan a gifted poet, "from the Tang Jianping Wang Lushan Hyangnobong" of the poem, awoke the world trend cents if the greedy people. World wide love Shen Ding, Huainan good Dan by. This peak is a phoenix crane, between the best fairy.

For a time, and the world of people here feel the love between the fairy world of fun. To the Southern Tang Dynasty, when the Southern Tang Emperor Li Jing in the Lord, doing the emperor had previously come here to buy the house was built in the mountain school. When the emperor after the master, it will be his study came from a place in the Xiufeng, gave the monastery the monks do. And given the temple name "to open the first Temple," which is probably Li Jing that the founding of his career here because of it pre-Xiang Zhao.

Opened the first temple was built in 951 AD after the year, personally selected the master Li Jing Shao Zong master monk at the time to open when the first temple abbot. In the Southern Tang Emperor in direct support of the Lord, open the first Buddhist Temple of Zen Buddhism from China to become a Green Cloud Gate were originally an important temple.

After the Ming and Qing period, the opening of the first Temple in the Lushan growing. Qing Emperor Kangxi, a good thing to open one after another from the first temple, the temples large-scale development of an unprecedented period. Chao Yuan monk from Emperor Kangxi year (AD 1692) to open the first Temple headed after contact with the outside world, increasing exchanges, will also be here to fairy charm to the world with a flood of people. Emperor Kangxi was a great yearning Xiufeng landscapes, were not allowed to visit. Yu Shu had his hand "Prajna Heart Sutra", Jiang Yans poem "From Deng Jianping Wang Lushan Hyangnobong" and given to open the first Temple, the comfort of mood from the Pat-miss.