山羊不吃天堂草这本书告诉了我们什么道理【汇编20篇】

每个人都逃避不了生命的冬天，逃避不了生命的冬天的寒风吹彻。

在这个寒风吹彻的冬天，大雪与寒风铺天盖地席卷而来，寒风的冻是冻进骨头里的冻，大学的冷是冷进心里的冷。寒冷无法躲避，总是如影随形。它禁锢了我的言语，我无法表述我的伤疼。它限制了我的思想，我只能沉溺在痛苦的过往之中。我什么都不能做，只能用无力的双手环住自己冰冷的身躯，头靠着膝盖，静静地坐着与哀伤作伴。我的耳边，分明清晰地听到，绝望沙哑的嘶鸣混杂在呼呼作响的寒风中。我感到更加地寒冷，身边却找不到可以取暖的事物，抑或人。

无以取暖。是的，无以取暖。我在经历我生命的冬天，旁人无法给我什么以温暖我。他们会安慰我说，一切会过去的。他们说，你要相信，一切会好起来的。他们还说，当你经历过这些之后，你就会发觉，这并不算什么。可是，没有人告诉我，告诉“正在经历着”的我，应该如何度过这个寒风吹彻的冬天。他们没法告诉我，因为他们听不到我耳边绝望在呼叫。绝望对我说，只有失去才是永恒。他们听不到，所以他们没法教我应对生命的冬天，他们安慰的言语也是那么苍白无力。就如刘程亮在文章写到的那个浑身结满冰霜的路人，作者给他的一杯热茶，让他坐到火炉旁边暖和过来，但是他却在第二天下午冻死在村的西边。作者说：“我的一小炉火，对于这个贫寒一生的人来说，显然杯水车薪。他的寒冷巨大。”

没有人能帮助到他，因为他的寒冷巨大，因为他处于他自己生命的冬天。

“落在一个人一生中的雪，我们不能全部看见。每个人都在自己的生命中，孤独地过冬。我们帮不了谁。”

生命的冬天，本身就是我们自己一个人的战争，与透彻的寒冷战争，与孤独的痛苦战争，与消极的自己战争。我们就这么站在寒冷的战场上与对手静静地对峙着，没有刀光剑影，没有血肉横飞，只是静静地，静静地看谁先倒下来。若这场战争失败，我们的生命只能像那位路人一样，被心间的寒冷冻住，然后凝固。假若我们胜出，我们便会看到希望伴随着春风而来，然后默默等待下一个生命的冬天。四季总是轮回的，人生也没法避免一次又一次生命的冬天。

然而，我还是愿意在这个冬天坚持抵挡这彻骨彻心的寒冷，因为我还在眷恋着夏天的回忆，还在期待着下一个夏天的来临。

Ladies and gentlemen

Hello! Welcome to Luotian County! We are going to visit Dabie MountainNational Forest Park these days!

When it comes to the Dabie Mountains, I think your first reflection is thatit is a red soil and a revolutionary base. Countless revolutionary ancestorsleft their footprints here. In fact, Dabie Mountain is also a tourist, summerresort. With beautiful scenery, fresh air and pleasant climate, it has beendeveloped as "Dabie Mountain eco-tourism area". Here, you can not only enjoy themagic of strange peaks, dangerous mountains, strange rocks and sea of clouds,but also enjoy the charm of heavens beautiful water.

Dabie Mountain National Forest Park is located in the northern mountainarea of Luotian County. The park is divided into five scenic spots: TiantangzhaiDabie Xiongfeng natural scenery tourist area, qingtaiguan Guguan famous templetourist area, bodaofeng summer resort tourist area, Jiuzihe Dabie Mountainpastoral scenery tourist area and tiantanghu water orchestra. The total area ofthe park is 300 square kilometers. The annual rainfall of the park is 1350 mmand the average temperature is 16.4 ℃. There are 1487 species of wild plants and634 species of animals. In May 1996, the Ministry of forestry organized anexpert group to conduct a comprehensive investigation and evaluation on thetourism resources of the Dabie Mountain National Forest Park. They agreed thatit has great development value and was officially approved as a national forestpark.

The Dabie Mountains lie across the Central Plains, meandering andstretching. It is famous for its magnificence, strangeness, danger andseclusion. Tiantangzhai, the main peak, is 1729 meters above sea level, known as"the first peak in the Central Plains". It is located in the northeast corner ofthe Dabie Mountain National Forest Park. The scenery around the main peak isboundless, showing the wind and current.

Dabie Mountain National Forest Park is a comprehensive national forest parkcharacterized by the landform of Zhongshan Mountain and the original forestlandscape. It integrates folk customs, agronomic landscape, historical andcultural landscape. It is expected to carry out summer vacation, tourism,conference, science and education recuperation, fitness and other activities.The forest coverage rate is 89%. According to the evaluation of nationallandscape resources evaluation committee, among the scenic spots in the park,Shangjing accounts for 12.7%, Shangjing accounts for 54.9%, Zhongjing 32.9%, andthe sum of Shangjing and Shangjing reaches 67.6%. The qualitative evaluationgrade is Shengjing, the quantitative evaluation result is 80.82, and thecomprehensive evaluation grade is Shengjing.

Dabie Mountain, which stretches across the northeast of Luotian County,Hubei Province, is famous for its majestic, strange, dangerous and secludednature. Peak Paradise Village is located in the northeast corner of DabieMountain National Forest Park, 1729 meters high, known as "the first peak inCentral China". Tiantangzhai, historically known as Duoyun mountain, is coveredwith a thick layer of mystery by the fog sea of nature.

1、 Mountain View

The most beautiful scenery of heaven is the main peak. When you climb themain peak, you can see 100000 mountains embracing you. You can see the CentralPlains in the north and Jingchu in the south. On the west side of the main peak,jiudaohoop and monk Nao are eye-catching. A cliff hundreds of meters high lookslike a big bellied monk with a charming smile. Looking northeast from Jiexingpeak, a mountain suddenly breaks off and forms a ten thousand foot cliff. Everyspring and summer, countless stone swallows come together to live in thecrevices of the cliff and fly in the mountains and forests.

In addition, Bijia mountain, thumb mountain, Jiashang golden basin,immortal view, including wind tunnel, Guanyin cave, considering cave, immortalbed, Sarcophagus, Sheshen cliff and other scenic spots are unforgettable.

2、 Xiushui waterfall

Tiantangzhai forest park can not only let you enjoy the magic of strangepeaks, dangerous mountains, strange rocks and sea of clouds, but also taste thecharm of heavens beautiful water. On the main peak at an altitude of more than1700 meters, there is a spring eye, which is clear and sweet all the year round.In front of the spring, there is a small pool with an area of one square meter,which is called "Tianchi". The magic of Paradise water lies in "a days rain inthe mountains, and there are flying springs everywhere". The most famous onesare paradise waterfall, baizhangya waterfall and yunya waterfall.

3、 Animals and plants

Tiantangshan Forest Park covers an area of 52 square kilometers, with morethan 550 kinds of plants. Rare plants include Sanguang fir, xiangguoshu,Magnolia officinalis, zhenzhuhuangyang, sword leaf Pittosporum, Cymbidium,Yunjin Rhododendron, yeshangzhu, Magnolia; rare animals include xiumang,Swertia, civet cat, Wawa, etc.

4、 History

In ancient times, Li Chengs rebellion, Lu Xuns pursuit of Cao, XuShouhuis uprising, Wang Dings leading Qi Huang 48 Zhai to resist the QingDynasty, Ma Chaozhus gathering in heaven, Taiping Armys bloody battle atSongzi pass, and now Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Xu Qianqian, Chen Shaomin, andZhang tixues battle at Dabie Mountain.

The five scenic spots of Dabie Mountain National Forest Park also havedifferent characteristics. I will explain these to you one by one in thesedays.

After listening to my explanation, cant you wait to visit the forest parkof Dabie Mountain? Dont worry, Ill take you to the scenic spot first! Today wemainly visit Tiantangzhai scenic spot!

Paradise Village scenic spot

We have come to Tiantangzhai scenic spot now!

Tiantangzhai is the main peak of Dabie Mountain, known as the first peak inthe Central Plains. The most magical landscape in the park is the mountain! Thescenic area is famous for its magnificent mountains, quiet valleys and beautifulwater. Walking in the heaven mountain, the mountains and obstacles are likemelting into the embrace of mountains. Or to see the solitary peaks stand aloneand rise straight into the sky; or to see the two peaks stand against each otherand fight for height; or to see the peaks stand in a forest; to block out thesky and the sun, and to be majestic. Climbing up, you can see the mountainscompeting in a thousand different ways. Some roar like a tiger, some roar like alion, some sit like Maitreya, some lie like a Buddha in heaven, some look like agiant penholder. The shape is lifelike and amazing.

The Sleeping Buddha in heaven, the philosopher watching the sea (xugongya)and the turtle in Dabie are known as the "three wonders of heaven" and even morespectacular. Tiantangzhai has many ravines, twists and turns, which show itsprofound shape. In the stream, the springs and rocks are scattered, and thebirds are murmuring. The river bank is covered with trees, and the green bamboois hidden, showing its natural color. The water of heaven is beautiful and thewaves are long. The water here is known for its clarity, sweetness and moisture.The streams in the scenic area are winding and winding, lingering in the valley.They are often deep and abstruse. Sometimes, the water runs through themountains and rocks, flowing freely like the Milky way, dancing like jade,splashing with beads and soaking in the slurry, creating a wonderful waterfalllandscape. Sometimes the stream is calm, sometimes it twists and turns, cleargreen and sparkling. Valley water, weir like a mirror, small pool like beads.The weirs and pools are connected, and the mirrors and beads are inlaid. It ispure and transparent, elegant and vulgar.

Tiantangzhai scenic spot is famous for its magnificent mountains, quietvalleys and beautiful waters.

① Shanxiong: walking in the mountains of heaven, its like melting into theembrace of mountains. Or you can see the solitary peaks standing alone andrising straight into the sky; or you can see the two peaks standing against eachother and competing with each other; or you can see the numerous peaks standingin the forest; you can see the sky blocking out the sun and the momentum is hugeand thin. Climbing up, you can see the mountains competing in a thousanddifferent ways. Some roar like a tiger, some roar like a lion, some sit likeMaitreya, some lie like a Buddha in heaven, some look like a giant penholder.The shape is lifelike and amazing. The Sleeping Buddha in heaven, thephilosopher watching the sea (xugongya) and the turtle in Dabie are known as the"three wonders of heaven" and even more spectacular.

② Ravine: Tiantangzhai ravine vertical and horizontal, twists and turnslong, competing to show the profound shape. In the stream, the springs and rocksare scattered, and the birds are murmuring. The river bank is covered withtrees, and the green bamboo is hidden, showing its natural color.

③ Water show: the water of paradise is beautiful and the blue wave is long.The water here is known for its clarity, sweetness and moisture. The streams inthe scenic area are winding and winding, lingering in the valley. They are oftendeep and abstruse. Sometimes, the water runs through the mountains and rocks,flowing freely like the Milky way, dancing like jade, splashing with beads andsoaking in the slurry, creating a wonderful waterfall landscape. Sometimes thestream is calm, sometimes it twists and turns, clear green and sparkling. Valleywater, weir like a mirror, small pool like beads. The weirs and pools areconnected, and the mirrors and beads are inlaid. It is pure and transparent,elegant and vulgar.

Fairy Valley

Here is the fairy valley. It is picturesque and full of magical colors. Thelegend of Shenxian Valley is a place loved by Laojun and frequently active. Yousee, there is a natural platform on a huge stone, which is called the rooftop.There is a deep hole under the boulder. There is a pool in front of the hole.There are two cascades on the pool. It is said that a pair of carp in the poolwere infected by Laojuns immortal spirit. They swam into shuanglongtan not faraway to listen to Laojuns chanting and preaching. Shuanglongtan is actually thelargest two "Wells" in the nine wells of heaven, and the two wells areconnected. There is a huge platform between the two pools, namely "chantingplatform". This is the platform of the Sutra chanting and preaching. Every timeLao Jun devotes himself to preaching, the two carp also listen attentively.After a long time, they all emerge into Jackie Chan and achieve good results.Therefore, later generations call these two wells "shuanglongtan".

Fairy Cave

The cave in front of you is said to be the place where taishanglaojun livedand ate, so people named it Xianren cave. Xianren cave is close to mountains andwaters, with beautiful environment. There is a space of about 10 square metersin the cave. At the bottom of the cave, there is a stone bed wheretaishanglaojun is staying. This is taishanglaojuns immortal stove. Not faraway, there is taishanglaojuns "Xianyi cave" where he plays chess. Next to theimmortal cave, there is "shuanglongchugu". At this point, the river water ofShenxian Valley is divided into two parts by a huge stone. It flows down fromboth sides like two silver dragons running out of the valley happily.

Philosopher peak

What you see now is the philosopher peak, which is known as one of the"three wonders of heaven". Please take a closer look. The cliff is about 100meters high. It looks like a huge head, a broad forehead, thick eyebrows, a highnose, and rich lips. Looking north, you seem to be thinking about a majorphilosophical proposition. The buildings here are of Ming and Qing styles. Mostof them are arranged according to the situation. It has the characteristics ofShanzhai. The mountain road is rugged. Please be careful and pay attention tosafety. It seems to be a humble place. In fact, it has quite favorable militaryconditions.

In the war of liberation, Liu Dengs army advancing into the DabieMountains was the historical turning point of our armys transformation fromstrategic defense to strategic attack. On June 30, 1947, Liu Bocheng and DengXiaoping led the main force of the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan fieldforces, Liu Dengs army, in accordance with the strategic principles of theParty Central Committee, with superhuman courage and courage, to cross theYellow River in Southwest Shandong and leap into the Dabie Mountains,successfully opening the prelude of the PLAs strategic counterattack. By themiddle of October, Liu Dengs army had controlled more than 150 kilometers ofJiangfang on the North Bank of the Yangtze River.

Now we have reached the summit of the philosopher peak. Here, when we lookaround the world, we can see that 100000 mountains are worshipping. You can seethe Central Plains to the north and Jingchu mountains and waters to the south.Watching the sunrise in the early morning seems to be nine days away, andwatching the sunset in the evening is like walking in the fairy palace. When therain is over and the sky is clear, the morning view of the sea of clouds is evenmore spectacular. The vast sea of clouds, layers of smoke, the indigo coloredmountains, like the fishing boats in the sea of white waves, sometimes loomingand sometimes appearing, and like the dragon flying, dancing and swallowing theclouds. The scenery is spectacular. Unfortunately, our time is limited, we cantenjoy the beautiful scenery together. If you have the chance to visit Dabiemountain again next time, you must not miss the scenery!

Pick star peak

This is jiexingfeng, so its called Siyi. We are almost to the horizon.Both sides of it are abysses, with only one stone path to climb up. The degreeof danger is astonishing. The mountain ridge is covered with thousand year oldpines. The roots of pines are climbing the cliff, showing people their greatvitality. Several huge stones on the top of Jiexing peak are independent of thepeak, as if they were flying from outside.

If you stand on Jiexing peak and look to the northeast, another dangerousscene will jump into your eyes. Different from other places, there are countlessstone swallows flying together in spring and summer. They live in the crevicesbetween the cliffs and fly on the mountain jungle. They are called stoneswallows cliff.

Yesterday, we visited Tiantangzhai scenic spot. Today, our tourism isarranged in this way. In the morning, we will visit qingtaiguan scenic spot andJiuzihe scenic spot. In the afternoon, we will visit bodaofeng scenic spot.

Qingtaiguan scenic spot

This is qingtaiguan scenic spot. It is an important military and trafficplace in ancient and modern times. It has a long history and is famous all overthe world. In ancient times, there were qingtaiguan, Qiling pass and wengmenpass. The ancient city of Guanshang was called "old city". The stone city builtby the national government army in modern times was called "new city". It is thekey to Luotians northbound road and has a special geographical location. Thereare also the primeval forests of Longpan mountain villa and the picturesquepines and dangerous mountains of Bijia mountain.

Jiuzi River Scenic Spot

Then we came to Jiuzi River scenic area, which is mainly composed ofancient country heritage and agricultural landscape.

1、 Jiuzihe town is a jiumorang state in the spring and autumn and WarringStates period. It is a legacy of ancient customs and unique folk customs.

2、 The terraced fields are full of blue waves in summer and golden ricewaves in autumn. Whats more attractive is the Sapium sebiferum trees on theterraced fields. The color of their leaves changes from green to red with thechange of seasons. They are like torches burning to the sky. They are like theblue mountains, the white clouds, the blue sky, the birds and the village girlsin washing clothes beside the river A wonderful picture of the countryside

Bodaofeng scenic spot

Now we come to bodaofeng scenic spot, which is located in the west ofTiantangzhai, the main peak of Dabie Mountain. Formerly known as Hegao peak, itis a famous summer resort in Luotian County and even Eastern Hubei. Because ofits high rise into the clouds, steep cliff, the shape of the side like a thinknife, so named thin knife peak. With an altitude of 1404.2 meters and a scenicarea of 30 square kilometers, it has been famous for its dangerous terrain sinceancient times. The scenic area has a long history and rich cultural landscape.At present, there are "juezhu temple ruins" in the Wei, Jin, southern andNorthern Dynasties, "duzun ancient temple" in the Southern Song Dynasty,"Tongluo cliff" in the Yuan Dynasty, "Hegao ancient village" in the late Yuanand early Ming Dynasty, "xianqiling", "yaoqigang", "Xiema Pavilion" and"jiuyichang" in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that during the Wei, Jin andsouthern and Northern Dynasties, a branch of the Tianshi family in bashui oncelived here, often plundering the rich along the Yangtze River. Hegao village wasbuilt in the Southern Song Dynasty. Up to now, the three characters "Hegaovillage" are still clearly visible on the gate of the village.

Bodaofeng is connected with Henan Province by tongluoguan and songziguan inthe northwest, Anhui Province by Tiantangzhai in the northeast, and Macheng inthe southwest, 26 kilometers in the west, and Tuanfeng and Xishui in the south.The main scenic spots are yaoqigang, xiemating, xianqiling, luohanxiandu,niujiling, xiguoding, sawerge, banshanzhai, Wuhuan, hongjiazhai, tongluoguan,liziguan, Qipanshi, juezhou temple, etc. The beautiful scenery and charmingscenery on the mountain make it a good summer resort.

Bodaofeng scenic spot is famous for its dangerous peaks, strange stones andstrange pines

1、 Peak danger: Bodao peak, formerly known as Hegao peak, is famous for itstowering peak and nine days of crane singing. Niujiling, in the middle of thepeaks, is an extremely steep mountain, shaped like a thin knife piercing thesky. "When you enter the sky, you press the blade with your feet, and you lookdown at the sky. You are not surprised to see the danger. You once saw thefairyland come down to earth."

2、 Stone Monsters: WoLonggang is the most famous stone scene in bodaofeng.The grotesque rocks here are jagged, with various shapes and shapes. Themountain is used as a screen and the stone is used as a platform. Crabs andmussels spit out jade with pearls. Xiaotianwa (stone) looks up at the sky with along smile. Rhinoceros stone looks at the moon and is homesick. "Uncannycraftsmanship, skillful magic, ape ladder Bird Road absolutely earth."

3、 Songqi: the barren bare rock landform of bodaofeng is the growth placeof Qisong. Due to the influence of wind for a long time, it has formed a uniqueshape. Among the cliffs, on the cliffs, the Huangshan pine is weathered, proudand calm. Or as peacock open screen, or as deer back, free and easy. Swaying inthe wind is a wonder.

The scenic spot has beautiful scenery and pleasant climate. The forestcoverage rate is 90%, the annual rainfall is 1450 mm, and the averagetemperature is 16.4 ℃. There are 5 hotels, 3 wooden houses and villas, and morethan 600 beds. There are 7 dance halls and 6 conference rooms. The scenic areainvested 4 million yuan to build the first cableway in Eastern Hubei. We havedeveloped photography, leisure entertainment, shopping and green food processingprojects, and formed a one-stop service system of food, housing, transportation,travel, shopping and entertainment.

Bodao peak is old and young, and now she is in front of the world

Hello friends, welcome to the beautiful Anhui Province. Im Wang Ping, tourguide of Anhui travel agency. Im very glad to meet you. I will serve you withmy sincerity and infect you with my smile. I hope you have a good time here.

Before arriving at the scenic spot, ask you, have you ever been to heaven?I guess you havent been. It doesnt matter. Xiao Wang will take you today.Although this paradise is a copycat version, it is also the only one in theworld, such as fake exchange. Tiantangzhai scenic spot is located in thesouthwest of Jinzhai County, Anhui Province, at the north foot of DabieMountain, bordering Yingshan County, Hubei Province and Luotian County, HubeiProvince. The total area of the scenic spot is 120 square kilometers. The wholemountain is high in the South and low in the north. There are dozens of peaksover 1000 meters. The main peak, Tianji peak, is 1729.13 meters above sea level,which is the second peak of Dabie Mountain. Tiantangzhai is not only thejunction mountain of Anhui and Hubei, but also the watershed of Yangtze Riverand Huaihe River. Because of its good ecological environment, it is known as theterritory of plants, the kingdom of animals, the world of water purification,the sea of clouds, the hometown of giant salamanders and the territory ofRhododendron. The scenic spot is now a national geopark, a National Forest Park,a National Nature Reserve and a national 5A tourist attraction.

I believe you cant wait for so much. Dont worry. Before you get off thebus, first of all, Id like to make three rules with you: when you visit thescenery, you must pay attention to safety, so that you dont watch the scenerywhen you walk, and dont walk when you watch the scenery. At the same time, weshould protect the environmental health of the scenic spot, not littering andcigarette butts, not to mention learning from the monkey king lettering.Practice has proved that "celebrity" is not so good.

When we enter the scenic area, we have to transfer to the bus. Pleasefollow me and line up for the bus. The destination ahead of us is tiger shaped.Now we are walking on the winding mountain road in the scenic area. You can seethe peak on your left. It is called Baima peak, with an altitude of 1488 meters.It is named because the mountain looks like a horse. It is composed of saddle,horseback and horsetail. What we see in front of us is the horses buttocks. Thecliff of Baima peak is 1000 meters long, and it is an abyss; the rock on theridge is exposed, which is magnificent and precipitous. Every time after therainstorm, the clouds and fog rise in the valley, just like a white horsegalloping in the sea of clouds, causing peoples imagination of flying in thesky. On a fine day, the sun shines on the white cliff, just like the white snowon the mountain. The formation of Mawei clear snow, Anshan sunset and otherunique landscape, very magnificent. Look, its the plank road of Baima peak.Visitors can go to the top of Baima peak directly through the plank road. Theplank road is built against the cliff, which is daunting. If there is a chance,those who have courage can try to climb and practice courage.

This is the tiger shaped parking lot. We are going to climb on foot

I believe you have heard the rumble of water. Thats right. Qianfang is thefirst waterfall in Tiantang village. The first waterfall is called jiuyingwaterfall. The mountain spring water falls from 70 meters high into the deeppool, which is very quiet and beautiful. The white veins on the cliff behind thewaterfall are winding, like an eagle and a dragon. There is a famous saying thatmountains are not deep, immortals are famous, water is not deep, and dragons arespirit. This place is also a place where aura gathers. The content of negativeoxygen ions in the air here is very high. It is a natural oxygen bar. We musttake a few deep breaths here to touch the spirit of immortals.

Lets move on from the wooden plank road on the right. Come on, everyone.Well, after coming up, we come to the second waterfall. The second waterfall iscalled lover waterfall, also called curtain waterfall. She is 44 meters high,the water is gentle, several twists and turns, just like a girl playing with herhair, how charming. In the second waterfall, there is another bright spot.Please look up. This is a huge chestnut tree. Lets find out where the brightspot is. Yes, a small pine tree grows in the middle of the trunk of the chestnuttree. In this era of fighting father, Maoli tree is the godfather of little pinetree. Im kidding. This is a unique phenomenon in the mountains, which is acommon method of plant reproduction in mountainous areas. This is the legendaryoffshoot.

Go on to the third waterfall, which is Xieyu waterfall. Xieyu waterfall hasboth the magnificence of jiuying waterfall and the softness of lover waterfall.The flowing water clings to the cliff and rolls up the white water, just likeXieyu. The name of Xieyu waterfall comes from this. We will take the cableway upthe mountain from here. Ropeway two people a group, please free combination. Payattention to your left side when sitting in the cableway. You will see theremaining two waterfalls from the air, lady waterfall and silver bowwaterfall.

After a 20 minute air walk, you will arrive at Tianping peak, which is 1660meters above sea level. From here, you can have a panoramic view of Jingchu. Alittle to the right is a stone tablet with the inscription "the border of Anhuiand Hubei". Now the road we take is the junction of Anhui Province and HubeiProvince. It is no exaggeration to say that your left foot is in Hubei and yourright foot is in Anhui. It is the so-called one foot across the two provinces,looking at the Yangtze and Huaihe River. On the back of the monument, there arefive words engraved with the Yangtze Huaihe River watershed. Yes, this is thewatershed between the Yangtze River and the Huaihe River. The waterfalls andsprings you see when you go up the mountain belong to the Huaihe River system.When you pass here, on the other side of the mountain, there is the YangtzeRiver system. Its just like a persons life. When you are born, everyone is atthe origin. If you choose different roads, you will have completely differentscenery. Therefore, its very important to choose. Behind every choice is anopportunity, which tells us that we should make the best use of it Grasp everychoice of life.

If you go further, the peak in front of you is Matou peak. Do you think itlooks like a horse that is eating grass with its head down? This is the mouth ofthe horse. The pine tree on its back is like a horses mane. Its verybeautiful. In fact, there is something hidden in this mountain. If you look fromright to left, does it look like a camel? There are two humps over there. Thisis camel head. According to the ancient poem, it is different in height from farto near. This is the truth.

OK, over a small hill, what we see next is jiangjunyan, the landmark scenicspot of Tiantangzhai, which is the scenery printed on your tickets. From thisangle, you can see the opposite cliff, leaning against a human face profile. Wecan clearly see his forehead, eyes, nose, chin, chest and slightly erect Generalbelly. Like an extraordinary general, he has firm eyes and looks up at the bluesky. How proud, how brave. As we all know, Jinzhai County is the cradle of theRed Army and the hometown of the general. There are 59 founding generals in thecounty, the number of which ranks second in the country. During therevolutionary years, our forefathers fought hard and built a new China. Theirsacrifice and dedication should always be remembered. We should know that peaceis hard won and we should cherish it.

Here, todays journey to Tiantangzhai is over. Thank you very much for yourcooperation and understanding. If there is anything that Xiao Wang cant do, Ihope you can include it. Thank you again. Finally, I wish you all good luck,health and beauty in your future life. thank you.

走过天坪，现在我们到了索道的上站及其两端的天屏峰一线。天屏峰一线从盆景园——天成石佛全长3公里，原是为了防火，人工将树木砍去留下的一条防火道，又是皖鄂两省的分界线。“一脚踏两省，放眼望江淮。”西南而视，荆楚大地，尽收眼底。回望东北，茫茫林海。天屏峰位于瀑布群景区西侧，索道终端，皖鄂交界处，海拔高度为1605米。站在此处，可观赏到金狮啸天、剪刀石、老君赴会、情侣峰、梦笔生花、神龟石、情侣龟、青蛙望月等景点。如此众多的景观是形成于1。3亿年前的花岗岩体经长期构造抬升、风化剥蚀等地质作用形成的花岗岩峰丛地貌和象形石景观。

顺着皖鄂两省交界线，往东可以去天堂寨主峰，天堂寨主峰大别山主峰之一，海拔1729。13米。峰体岩石为斑状黑云二长花岗岩。一座孤零零的山冈上有块巨石，名叫“插旗石”，因巨石中间有一个碗口粗的石眼，记载为元末农民起义军徐寿辉的大旗就插在那儿。由于时间的关系，我们不去主峰了，下面我沿交界线往西行。

这一带统称盆景园。悬崖之间，奇松千姿百态;沟壑之上，异石奇形怪状，脚下奇花异卉微微含笑。

朋友们!看，那是情侣峰，此石岩性为二长花岗岩，垂直节理发育，为重力崩塌、风化剥蚀而成。两石齐秀，并肩，状似情侣。瞧，一对热恋的情侣正在相互拥抱、甜蜜的接吻呢!再往下看，左边前方的那块附在山体上的巨石，那是“情侣龟”。此石岩性为二长花岗岩，垂直节理发育，为重力崩塌、风化剥蚀而成。千年老龟也效仿情侣，已经坠入爱河不能自拔了，大小二龟成攀登状，意欲走近情侣峰。它是花岗岩体经长期风化、剥蚀而成。大家可不要惊动它们哟，你看旁边的那只天蝉都不忍打扰它们，停止了鸣噪哩。朋友们!这个景点就叫“白象戏水”。为花岗岩体经亿万年的风化剥蚀而形成的象形石。

现在，我们就到了吴楚亭。这里，海拔高度1660米。站在吴楚亭上，江淮大地尽收眼底，花岗岩峰丛地貌雄中见奇。远观300度方向可见卧虎山之威，320度方向可观鲸鱼出海之奇，20度方向可看白马峰之峻。请朋友们先看左前方的远山，名为“金狮啸天”，远视形象逼真，为二长花岗岩沿节理崩塌而成。

女士们、先生们：

你们好!欢迎你们来到罗田县!我们这几天将要去游览的是大别山国家森林公园!

说到大别山，我想大家的第一个反映就是这是一片红色的土壤，是革命根据地。无数革命先辈们在这里留下了战斗的足迹。其实，大别山还是一个旅游、避暑、度假的胜地。这里山清水秀，空气清新，气候宜人，已经被开发为“大别山生态旅游区”。在这里不仅可以让你饱赏奇峰、险岭、怪石、云海之神奇，还可以让你尽情领略天堂秀水的风韵。

大别山国家森林公园位于罗田县北部高山区，公园分设天堂寨大别雄风自然风光游览区、青台关古关名刹游览区、薄刀峰避暑休闲游览区、九资河大别山田园风光游览区、天堂湖水上乐团等五个景区，公园总面积300平方公里，公园常年降雨量1350mm，平均气温16.4℃。现有野生植物1487种，动物634种。一九九六年五月林业部组织专家组对大别山国家森林公园旅游资源进行了综合考察和评审，一致认为具有极大的开发价值，并正式批准为国家森林公园。

大别山横卧中原，逶迤绵亘，素以雄、奇、险、幽而闻名于世，主峰天堂寨海拔1729米，号称“中原第一峰”,位于大别山国家森林公园东北角，主峰周围无限风光，竞显风流。

大别山国家森林公园是以中山山岳地貌，原始森林景观为特征，融民俗风情、农艺景观、历史人文景观于一体，待开展避暑度假、旅游观光以及会议、科教休养、健身等活动的综合型国家级森林公园。森林覆盖率达89%，根据国家风景资源评价委员会评审，公园各景区景点中，上上景占12.7% ，上景占54.9% ，中景32 .9% ，上上景和上景之和达67 .6% ，定性评定等级为胜景，定量评价结果为80 .82分，综合评价公园景色等级为胜景。

大别山横跨湖北罗田县东北境内，逶迤绵长，素以雄、奇、险、幽闻名于世。顶峰天堂寨位于大别山国家森林公园东北角，高1729米，号称“中原第一峰”。天堂寨史称多云山，大自然雾海使它蒙上了一层厚重的神秘色彩。

一、山景

天堂美景数主峰为最，登上主峰，可见十万大山拥拜于下，北望中原，南眺荆楚;在主峰西侧，九道箍与和尚垴引人注目，一道高几百米的悬崖峭壁，酷似一大腹便便的和尚，笑容可掬。在摘星峰上向东北方面远眺，一支山脉到此戛然中断而成一万丈悬崖，每逢春夏之时，无数石燕结伴飞来，栖身于悬崖壁缝之间，飞翔于山野丛林之上。

此外，笔架山、拇指山、架上金盆、仙人观景、含风洞、观音洞、考虑洞、仙人床、石棺、舍身崖等名胜风景皆令人留连忘返。

二、秀水瀑布

天堂寨森林公园不仅可以让你欣赏奇峰、险岭、怪石、云海之神奇，还可以品味天堂秀水之风韵。在海拔1700多米的主峰上，有一泉眼，终年不绝，清澈甜爽，泉眼前有一平米的小池名曰“天池”;天堂水的神奇还在于“山中一日雨，到处是飞泉”，最著名的有天堂瀑布、百丈崖瀑布、云崖瀑布。

三、动植物

天堂山森林公园方圆52平方公里，有植物550多种，珍稀植物有三光杉、香果树、厚朴、珍珠黄杨、剑叶海桐、墨兰、云锦杜鹃、叶上珠、石玉兰;珍稀动物有修蟒、香獐、狸猫、娃娃鱼等。

四、历史

古有李成之乱、陆逊追曹、徐寿辉起义、王鼎率蕲黄四十八寨抗清、马朝柱天堂聚义、太平军浴血奋战松子关，今有刘伯承、邓小平、徐向前、陈少敏、张体学转战大别山。

大别山国家森林公园五个景区也各具不同特色，这些在这几天的游程中我将一一为大家讲解。

听了我的解说，你们是不是已经迫不及待的想要去参观大别山森林公园呢?不用急，我先在就带大家一起进景区参观!今天我们主要是游览天堂寨景区!

天堂寨景区

我们现在就来到了天堂寨风景区!

天堂寨是大别山主峰，号称中原第一峰。公园内最神奇的景观便是山!景区以山雄、壑幽、水秀而著称。行于天堂山中，层峦叠障，仿若溶入万山怀抱之中。或见孤峰独秀，拔地而起，直刺苍穹;或见双峰对峙，壁立千仞，一争高下;或见群峰林立;遮天蔽日，气势磅礴。攀缘而上，遥见群山争雄竞秀，千姿百态。有的如同猛虎长啸，有的神似雄狮怒吼，有的仿似静坐弥勒，有的如佛卧天堂，有的好像巨型笔架。形态逼真，令人叹为观止。

天堂睡佛、哲人观海(徐公崖)、大别神龟被人们誉为“天堂三绝”，更是尉为奇观。天堂寨沟壑纵横，曲折幽长，竞显深奥之形。涧中泉石错落，鸟语喃喃。溪畔林木掩映，翠竹藏幽，尽显自然本色。天堂水色秀丽，碧波流长。这里的水以清澈透明、甘甜滋润而称著。景区内溪流蜿蜒曲折，萦回于山谷之中，常呈幽邃、深奥之形，时而流水穿山破岩，挥洒自如，似银河倾泻，如玉练常舞，喷珠溅玉，吞吐琼浆，造就了美妙绝伦的瀑布景观。时而涧流潇然舒缓，时而迂回辗转，碧绿澄清，波光粼粼。谷中流水，大堰如镜，小潭似珠。堰潭相连，镜珠相嵌，清纯透明，幽雅绝俗。

天堂寨景区以山雄、壑幽、水秀而著称。

① 山雄：行于天堂山中，层峦叠障，仿若溶入万山怀抱之中。或见孤峰独秀，拔地而起，直刺苍穹;或见双峰对峙，壁立千仞，一争高下;或见群峰林立;遮天蔽日，气势磅薄。攀缘而上，遥见群山争雄竞秀，千姿百态。有的如同猛虎长啸，有的神似雄狮怒吼，有的仿似静坐弥勒，有的如佛卧天堂，有的好像巨型笔架。形态逼真，令人叹为观止。天堂睡佛、哲人观海(徐公崖)、大别神龟被人们誉为“天堂三绝”，更是尉为奇观。

② 壑幽：天堂寨沟壑纵横，曲折幽长，竞显深奥之形。涧中泉石错落，鸟语喃喃。溪畔林木掩映，翠竹藏幽，尽显自然本色。

③ 水秀：天堂水色秀丽，碧波流长。这里的水以清澈透明、甘甜滋润而称著。景区内溪流蜿蜒曲折，萦回于山谷之中，常呈幽邃、深奥之形，时而流水穿山破岩，挥洒自如，似银河倾泻，如玉练常舞，喷珠溅玉，吞吐琼浆，造就了美妙绝伦的瀑布景观。时而涧流潇然舒缓，时而迂回辗转，碧绿澄清，波光粼粼。谷中流水，大堰如镜，小潭似珠。堰潭相连，镜珠相嵌，清纯透明，幽雅绝俗。

神仙谷

这儿就是神仙谷，它美景如画，充满了神奇色彩。神仙谷传说是太上老君所钟爱的和活动频繁的地方。大家看，块巨石，巨石上天然生成一平台，叫做天台。巨石下有一深洞，洞前有一水池，水池上有一两级相连的瀑布，相传池中有一对鲤鱼被太上老君的仙气所感染，游入不远处的双龙潭，听老君诵经传道。双龙潭实为天堂九井中最大的两口“井”，且两井相连，两潭之间有一巨大平台即“诵经台”。此即太上老君诵经布道之道台。每当老君潜心布道时，两鲤鱼也潜心聆听，日久皆羽化成龙，修成正果，所以后人称此二井为“双龙潭”。

仙人洞

大家眼前的这个洞，相传是太上老君的起居饮食的地方，所以人们为它取名叫仙人洞。仙人洞依山傍水，环境优美。洞内有10平方米左右的空处，靠洞底还有太上老君下榻的石床，这是太上老君的仙人灶，在不远处还有太上老君下棋的“仙奕洞”，在仙人洞旁边还有“双龙出谷”。神仙谷河水至此被一巨石一分为二，从其两侧潺潺流下，似两条银龙欢快地奔出山谷而去。

哲人峰

大家现在所看到的就是被人们誉为“天堂三绝”之一的哲人峰。大家请细看，这个峭壁高约100米，酷似一硕大头颅，阔额浓眉，高高隆起的鼻梁，肉质丰厚的嘴唇，凝思北望，仿佛在思索着一个重大的哲学命题。这里的建筑，统一为明清式。大多都是依山就势掩映布局。相当具有山寨特色。山路崎岖，请大家小心脚下，注意安全。这里看似不起眼，其实呀它具有相当有利的军事条件。

在解放战争中，刘邓大军挺进大别山，是我军由战略防御转入战略进攻的历史转折点。1947年6月30日，刘伯承、邓小平率晋、冀、鲁、豫野战军主力——刘邓大军，依照党中央的战略方针，以超人的胆识和气魄人鲁西南强渡黄河，跃进大别山，胜利的揭开了人民解放军战略大反功的序幕。到10月中旬，刘邓大军已控制了长江北岸江防150多公里。

现在我们已经到达了哲人峰的峰顶了，在这儿，环视天下，则可见十万大山拥拜于下。向北可望中原，南眺荆楚山水尽收眼底。凌晨观日出好似置身于九天之外，傍晚看日落则如在仙宫信步。每当雨过天晴，早晨登峰观云海更是气象万千，茫茫云海，层层烟流，青黛色的群山，像白浪淘天的大海中的渔舟，时隐时现，又似条条苍龙翱翔起舞，吞云吐雾。景色壮观，令人叹为观止。可惜呀，我们时间有限，不能一同欣赏这种美景，如果下次你有机会再来大别山，一定不要错过这景色哦!

摘星峰

这边就是摘星峰，故名思意，我们已经快到天边了。它两面都是万丈深渊，只有一条石径攀援而上，其险境程度令人处目惊心。山脊上长满了千年古松，松树的根皆攀崖而生，向人们展示其巨大的生命力。摘星峰顶上的几块巨石，独立于峰顶之上，仿佛天外飞来之物。

如果站在摘星峰上向东北方向远眺，还有一险景会跃入你的眼帘。一支山脉至此戛然中断而成万丈悬崖，与其他处不同的是，此处每逢春夏之时，便有无数石燕结伴飞来，栖身于悬崖壁缝之间，飞翔于山野丛林之上，人称石燕崖。

昨天我们游览了天堂寨风景区，今天我们的旅游形成是这样安排的，上午我们将去游览青苔关景区和九资河景区，下午我们再去游览薄刀峰风景区。

青苔关景区

这里是青苔关风景区，它是古今军事、交通要地，历史悠久而闻名于世，古时有青苔关、岐岭关、翁门关，关上古城称“老城”，近代国民政府军构筑石城称“新城”，为罗田北通之锁钥，具特殊的地理位置。还有龙盘山庄原始森林、笔架山奇松险岭。

九资河景区

接着我们来到了九资河风景区，九资河景区以古国遗风和农艺景观为主。

一、九资河镇春秋战国时期为鸠鹚国，古风遗留,民俗风情别具特色。

二、田园风光美不胜收，一层层梯田夏日满眼碧波，秋天金黄色稻浪翻滚，更为吸引人的是田更上的一棵棵乌桕树，叶色随季节的变化而由翠绿变至火红，遥望象一把把向天燃烧的火炬，与黛青色的远山，山间白云、兰天、小鸟、小河旁浣衣的村姑相印成趣，组成一曲美妙无比的田园风光图

薄刀峰风景区

现在我们就来到了薄刀峰风景区，它位于大别山主峰天堂寨西侧，原名鹤皋峰，是罗田县乃至鄂东有名的避暑胜地。因其高耸入云，岩壁陡峻，侧看形如薄刀，故取名薄刀峰。海拔1404.2米，景区面积30平方公里，自古以地势险要著称。景区历史悠久，人文景观十分丰富。现存有魏晋南北朝时期的“爵主庙遗迹”、有南宋时期的“独尊古寺”、有元朝时期的“铜锣峭壁”、有元末明初的“鹤皋古寨”、还有明朝时期的“献旗岭”、“摇旗岗”、“歇马亭”、“就义场”等人文景观。相传魏晋南北朝时，巴水蛮田氏的一支曾聚居于此，常远掠长江沿岸富豪。南宋时建成鹤皋寨，至今“鹤皋寨”3个大字在寨门上仍清晰可见。

薄刀峰西北经铜锣关、松子关与河南相通，东北经天堂寨与安徽毗连，西南居高临下，西至麻城26公里，南到团风、浠水边境50公里。山上古寨遗迹处处皆是，主要景点有摇旗岗、歇马亭、献旗岭、罗汉现肚、牛脊岭、锡锅顶、锯儿齿、半山寨、五垸寨、洪家寨、铜锣关、栗子关、棋盘石、爵主庙等。山上风光旖旎、景色迷人，是避暑的好去处。

薄刀峰景区以峰险、石怪、松奇而见长

一、峰险：薄刀峰原名鹤皋峰，因其峰高耸入云，鹤鸣九天，声闻于外而名之。诸峰中部的牛脊岭，山峰奇拔，形如薄刀刺天。“身入云霄足压刃，下视青天万里开;尽腾莫讶不知险，曾观仙境下凡来。”

二、石怪：薄刀峰石景以卧龙岗为最，此处怪石嶙峋，百态千姿，山作屏风石作台。螃蚌石含珠吐玉，笑天哇(石)仰天长笑，犀牛石望月思乡。“鬼斧神工施巧幻，猿梯鸟道绝尘寰。”

三、松奇：薄刀峰贫瘠的裸岩地貌是奇松的生长之地，由于长期受风力的影响，使之形成独特的形态。峭壁间，陡崖上，黄山松饱经风霜，傲首从容。或如孔雀开屏，或如神鹿回头，舒展洒脱。迎风摇曳 ，可谓奇观。

景区风景秀丽、气候宜人。森林覆盖率达90%，常年降雨量为1450mm，平均气温16.4摄氏度。景区现有宾馆5座，木屋别墅3处，接待床位600余张。有歌舞厅7家，大小会议室6间。景区投资400万元建成鄂东第一索道。开发了摄影照相、体闲娱乐、购物及绿色食品加工等项目，形成了吃、住、行、游、购、娱一条龙服务体系。

薄刀峰古老而又年轻，如今她正焕发前所未有的青春活力，笑迎四海宾朋前来观光旅游，休闲避暑，猎奇探险，科研考察，寻求品味大自然原始、古朴、神秘的野趣，更欢迎前来投资开发，共图发展。

天堂湖景区

现在，我们就来到了大别山的最后一个景区——天堂湖景区。

不知道大家听说过没有：“江浙有苏杭，湖北有天堂”，凡来过大别山的人谁都不会忘记天堂湖。

天堂湖位于九资河和大地坳之间，这是一个长约10华里，宽约一华里的人工湖。远远望去，整个湖就像一块巨大的长方宝镜镶嵌在薄刀峰、天堂寨、笔架山等诸峰脚下，亦如蜿蜒的银带飞舞在群山之中，勾勒出一幅山水掩映、云雾缭绕、村舍错落的风景画。

天堂湖景区以高峡出平湖而令人留连忘返。天堂湖湖面狭长，水域宽广，环湖山光水色，风景迷人，船行其间水天一色，微风吹过碎银满地。

乘车沿风景区东面的公路，经艾弧坪直下约7公里就可到达天堂湖大坝所在地大地坳乡。登上坝堤，最醒目的自然是那微风轻掠、波光粼粼的水面，水面上碧水涟漪、游船飞渡，画舫徐行，鸟儿凌扑，水下鱼虾嬉戏，龟鳖漫游……处处给人一种生意盎然之感。

乘上机动小船，放眼湖区周围景色。东西天堂寨、笔架山拔地而起，苍茫巍然;西面薄刀峰，三省垴流云飞渡;南面鸡鸣尖、狗耳尖，沉碧潮涌;北面青苔关、翁门关横截东西，湖区附近，有著名的仙人垴和美女峰，把人带入一个浮想联翩的梦幻世界。湖水边数十里地更是山山入画、景景有情，依山傍水的农家小院、涣纱姑，是不是让你们感觉走进了山水画、田园诗?

大别山国家森林公园不仅自然风光优美，而且人文景观也十分丰富，古有鸠鹚之役、李成之乱、陆逊追曹、傅高立寨抗元，徐寿辉起义称帝，王鼎率蕲黄四十八寨抗清、马朝柱天堂聚义、太平军浴血奋战松子关，以及刘伯承、邓小平、徐向前、陈少敏、张体学等前辈转战大别山留下的遗迹遗址，参观游览价值极大。

大别山国家森林公园规划总投资3.21亿元，目前各景区共已建成了功能齐全的宾馆、旅社8个，高中档床位1200多个，新开展景点60多处，游览线路10条。并开通了程控电话，基本形成了吃、住、行、游、购、娱一条龙的服务体系。

大别山是一座古老的山脉，如今正在涣发前所未有的表春活力，大别山国家森林公园正在敞开她喧闹的怀抱，笑迎四海宾朋前来观光、游览、考察、探险、品味大自然原始古朴、神秘的野趣，更欢迎前来投资开发，共图发展。投资合作形式不限。

好了，不知不觉中我们已经游完了大别山国家森林公园。谢谢大家在这几天中对我工作的支持和配合，同时也希望大家对我工作中的不足之处多多包涵并提出宝贵的意见。最后，欢迎大家的再次到来!

关于鸟的天堂解说词

各位旅客，你们好!我们现在位于广东省新会县天马村的天马河上，我将向你们介绍驰名中外的绝世佳景——鸟的天堂。

你们看，那就是鸟的天堂——也是岛上绿洲——美丽茂盛的大榕树。现在我们乘船到榕树附近仔细欣赏吧!

这棵榕树的树龄说出来你会感到不可思议，它已经500多岁了!榕树是适应于生长在亚热带地区的常绿乔木，树叶呈圆状，花黄色或淡红色。

你们知道吗?这河中心的小岛在500多年前是一个大泥墩，上面生长着一棵榕树。这棵树可不是一般的树，它树干生枝，树上生要根，根伸进泥土里又成树干……就这样五百年的繁衍才形成这独木成林的希世景观。而今，仅榕树绿荫覆盖面积已有20多亩。后来这里成为旅游区，经过扩建，现在整个旅游区面积达40多万平方米。我们先来看那美丽的枝叶，那么多，一簇堆在另一簇上面，不留一点缝隙。那么绿，你看那叶尖上挂着晶莹剔透的露珠，在阳光的照耀下，每一片绿叶上都 有一个新的生命在颤动。

天马河这一带一年四季潮湿，这里是鱼、虾等水生物的乐园，因而这儿的鱼虾种类繁多，你坐在小船上行驶在河面上，能看到那成群的鱼虾在水中嬉戏，伴随在小船的左右。那感觉 绝对是一个字——爽!

现在你一定会问：“鸟的天堂”怎么不见鸟儿呢?朋友 别急，听我慢慢解说。

就在这棵枝繁叶茂的大榕树的怀中，有成千上万的鸟儿。因为这里环境优雅，才引来这数以万计乃至数十万的鸟儿在这儿安家落户，繁衍后代。那蓝的、花的、黑的鸟儿，甚至那洁白的天鹅、白鹭，欢快的云雀，优雅的黑颈鹤……都 在这里居住。你看那几对鸳鸯在水中畅游，悠然自鸣。还有那各色各类的鸟儿它们有规律地朝出暮归或暮出晨归，依食有序，互不惊扰，和谐相处，好不亲热。

告诉你们一个好消息，明天清早有一个百鸟聚会的景观，如有兴趣你可以到南边的观鸟楼上去观赏，就会看到那难得一见的奇观——查鸟展翅齐飞，翻飞起舞，让你目不暇接。要是运气好还能碰上百鸟歌后——百灵鸟和小巧玲珑的画眉鸟，它们会为你亮出婉转的歌喉你会不由自主地为之鼓掌叫绝。

好了， 今天 就介绍到这儿，正面我为大家献上几句不成文 的诗，以此来与朋友 们分享愉悦的心情：

鸟的天堂真是美 ，

树繁鸟多令人醉，

绿叶碧水如翡翠，

晨观暮赏不觉累。

众鸟玉树来聚会，

皆因此处天堂美。

画眉献歌百鸟舞，

夜忆此景难入睡，

遥看清纯天马水，

犹如醇香酒一杯。

游客荡舟碧波上，

未曾举杯人先醉。

天然景观天堂美，

神仙至此不思归。

暑假，去天堂寨旅游。汽车在高速公路上疾驰，路两边是一望无际的花草，还有许多崭新的楼房，太漂亮了。大约行了五个多小时，终于到了我向往已久的天堂寨风景区。风景区的大门像古代的城堡，五颜六色的旗帜迎风招展，好像欢迎我们的到来。我们先来到预订好的宾馆—云瀑山庄。云瀑山庄位于天堂寨风景区正门20米左侧，占地约3000余平米。门前大型停车场停着我们的汽车。我们先在宾馆休息了一会儿，然后向第一个目的地—白马大峡谷出发。

我们走了约500层台阶看到了第一片水，这片水还不算瀑布，只能算是跌水，我们在这照了几张照片，玩了一会水，这里的水真清凉呀!而且清澈透底。我们过了第一个桥—心顺桥。据说拿着红豆过桥代表拥有爱情，黄豆代表财富，绿豆代表健康，青豆代表平安，黑豆代表智慧，紫豆代表官运。我们继续向前走，过了许多桥，看了许多水。又看到白龙潭，据说当年唐僧骑的白龙马原身小白龙就藏在此潭中。我们又走到了栈道上，因为我和爸爸有些恐高，所以没上去，他们在上面又照相又休息，还向我们做鬼脸。接着，走到了溜索，就是一个粗的钢绳，游客双手抓住钢绳，通过滑道，从一座山头滑向另一座山头。我们同行的七八个人除了我和爸爸都飞了过去，一开始我很害怕，在爸爸的鼓励下，又让妈妈飞过来接我，坐的时候真害怕掉下去，真正飞过去了，才发现并没有那么可怕，真是锻炼了我的胆量。

回到宾馆里，我们品尝了当地的特色—黑猪肉，我吃了一口，真香啊!休息片刻，我们又向瀑布群出发，第一个瀑布是九影瀑，九影瀑是常年流水瀑布，瀑高71米，宽约8米，太壮观了!我想爬上去玩，居然摔了一跤，水可真凉呀!像洗了个凉水澡。我刚站起来，就看到一个小妹妹和一个大人也摔倒了，洁白的水花四射，我才发现，摔跤如此美丽。下一个瀑布是情人瀑，落差44米，宽约10—15米，我情不自禁的亲了妈妈一口，爸爸用相机抓拍了。我们走到半山腰，有点累了，就坐了索道飞了上去，中途的风光真是太美了!上到了山顶，我高声喊：“我爱你，天堂寨!”我们又出发了，而这一站，却是回家的路。才刚刚离开天堂寨，心里就又想念天堂寨，想念白马大峡谷，想念瀑布群!

天堂寨古称“云山”，即使晴日当空，云亦不断。“千岩万壑生紫烟，山在虚无飘渺间，银浪滚滚群峰隐，扮得天堂境如仙”。天堂寨山以云为衣，云以山为体，山与云的巧妙结合使名山胜景变幻无穷。天堂寨的云变幻多姿，既有“平林漠漠烟如织”的青纱帐，又有一碧万顷、烟波浩淼的云海。古人曾作诗形容：“风高云照地鲜美，山色朦胧水往还，白露苍烟弥雾蔼，人海烟阑，真如海市蜃楼中”。

天堂寨没有艺术家的修饰和雕琢，也没有人工的捏造，大自然赋予天堂寨淳朴和真实的美。天造地设的奇峰、怪石、云海、流泉、飞瀑、遮天避日的奇松，构成离奇绚烂，动感十足的巨幅画卷。

春天的天堂寨万物复苏、百花齐放、青山沉黛、万峰竞秀，头顶蓝天白云，耳听百鸟和鸣;徜徉其间，人与波涛拥，似在图画中，让人心潮澎湃，感慨万千。夏天的天堂寨空气清新，蝉唱溪鸣，漫步在林荫下、小溪旁，耳闻潺潺流水，目睹柳丝飘荡，林海微波，清风拂来，让人心襟摇荡，心旷神怡，百恼全消。秋日的天堂寨，天高云淡，一片碧蓝，漫山红叶，层林尽染，人游其间，其是飘飘欲仙。万山红遍，果实摇曳;冬日的天堂寨，瑞雪普盖，天地相连，银装素裹，冰清玉洁，山舞银蛇，分外妖娆，好一派“一望竞成银世界，千山浑似玉玲珑”的北国风光。

到天堂寨旅游休闲，一是玩水，二是乐山，三是体验民风民俗。

近日读了《于丹论语心得》一书，颇有感触，下面简单说说。

《论语》一书，传世已逾二千载，历史上也几经沉浮，但总体而言光华远甚于晦暗，其中思想纵有消极一面，但积极一面也形成了一些中华传统美德。不但国人古来拜读，也远播于海外。法国启蒙思想家伏尔泰就对《论语》中的“己所不欲，勿施于人”、“以直报怨，以德报德”极为推崇，称“西方民族，无论如何格言，如何数理，无可与此纯粹道理相比拟。”

两千五百年的时空差距，如此多的褒贬加诸其上，现代人面对当今纷杂多变的繁华世界，该如何去看待理解这部传统经典，于我们又有何启发，于丹所着《论语心得》提供了一个很好的视角。

在《心得》开篇于丹便说：“这个世界上真正的真理永远都是朴素的，就好像太阳每天从东边升起一样，就好像是春天要播种、秋天要收获一样，论语告诉大家的东西，永远都是最简单的。”褪去加诸《论语》上的铅华，一下子拉近了读者与这部传世之作的距离。细想一下，可不是嘛。经典最易被冠上太多光华和赞誉，使得后人解读时无形中便处于或仰视或钻牛角尖的心态，无法平和地去看待的话又怎么能无偏颇地思考呢?

《论语》的真谛是什么?在于丹看来，就是告诉大家，怎么样才能过上我们心灵说需要的那种快乐生活。她从宇宙观、心灵之道、处世之道、人格修养、交友之道、理想和人生之道七个方面，着眼于当下谈了自己的心得。

书中多次提到了现代人面对的心灵困惑，这是人人都有体会的。当今社会人人皆知物质文明高度发展，精神文明发展却并不同步，最显着的外在表现便是艺术文化的整体下滑，现代人面对而今这个声色犬马的繁华世界，正如书中所说“我们的痛苦不是没有选择，而是选择太多，这也是孔子所谓的过犹不及。”

于丹举了一个GHP(国民幸福指数)的例子，中国的GHP指数从20世纪八十年代末至九十年代末经历的是一个凸形曲线，至20xx年中国的GHP指数排在世界48位，说明经济增长并不代表国民幸福感就增强。这是全世界面临的普遍问题，在相当重视GHP的不丹，其也表示过自己的忧虑：“我们都是有限而且脆弱的血肉之躯，究竟能把多少‘东西’——快餐，电视广告，豪华轿车，新奇玩意和时装——塞进自己的身体却又不致打乱心灵的平静呢?”

那这些你我多少都经历过的彷徨和扰乱又从何而来呢?一，是因为不平，拿自身为比照他人看到了更好的，望着这山那山高。二，是因为信念不坚定。全球化时代早不是旧时代相对闭塞的环境，物质文明发展程度和信息传播的速度远超过去，可比可图的东西多了去了，人人都知“钱非万能”，但看到亲戚朋友同窗周围之人中谁谁香车宝马意气风发，难免生出消极心理，更消极一点，原来心中规划下的雄心壮志也动摇了，对于自己曾经的坚持产生了怀疑。

并不是说人不该去图谋，不去追求，只是心中有所求时也不可忘了他人，“己欲立而立人，己欲达而达人”。对于他人的成功也不能老去看结果，人一生都拼搏奋斗过，奋斗背后的酸甜苦辣都多少尝过，所以心中升起不平之感时该设身处地地想想别人可能吃过什么样的苦，才有了今日成就地位，应该看到不是比对方少了套房子，少了辆名车，学识口才不及等等，而该看到对方做到了我没做到的，从自身找原因，是因为不够努力还是机遇未到或错过了。更何况，得失本是微妙之事，将快乐过多建筑在物质欲的满足上的话，只是愈发放大内心的空虚，愈难填满。人生不如意之事十之八九，总是纠结于八九，而忘了拥有的一二快乐，加以时日便连或许谁人曾艳羡你的一二也愈发单薄了。

所以于丹举了个例子。孔子最喜欢的弟子是颜回，称赞他：“贤者回也，一箪食，一瓢饮，在陋巷;人不堪其忧，回也不改其乐。”只是够温饱，有个遮风避雨的地儿了，颜回便陶陶然浑不觉苦。他内心充实着富足快乐，且这种富足快乐并不为外物的多寡而有所撼动。陶渊明的“采菊东篱下，悠然见南山”，苏轼的“竹杖芒鞋轻胜马，谁怕?一蓑烟雨任平生”。不都是这种崇尚心灵自由不为外物所累的写照吗?这样的心态便是君子之态。

那何又为君子，《论语》中没有确切答案。既然儒家的核心思想是“仁恕”，那君子言行必合“仁恕”。“仁”简而言之便是“爱人”;“恕”便是“已所不欲，勿施于人”，这还是很宽泛，于丹总结出了四个君子的标准。

一、心必善。君子不怨天不尤人，而把更多有限的时间、精力、修养用来苛责内心，宽厚他人，严于律己。

二、志必坚。君子胸怀天下，有远大志向，坚持自己的信念，是恒心与定力兼备之人。

三、易事而难悦。君子的人际关系一定是融洽友善的，不会去结党营私，很容易处事，但是难以取悦，也就是贿赂不了。

四、先行其言，而后从之。不把漂亮话说在前头，先去把事情做了，然后再从容道来。

这样的君子标准做来很难，也非一日可就，历史上可称上君子、圣贤之人也是经过千锤百炼。孔子的生平就颇为坎坷，尤其到他晚年后，欲使鲁国强盛却因国君的沉湎享乐而失望离去，自此开始周游列国游说当权者，传播自己的思想，历经十四年却终不见用，六十八岁时返回鲁国后将精力转移到了教育之上，七十三时逝世。

正是因为这份坎坷铸就了孔子淡然平和的心境，宽和爱人的胸怀，但他也绝不是满口仁义道德的酸儒。孔子不崇尚“以德报怨”，他认为当“以直报怨，以德报德”，即用正直、耿介的态度去面对有负于你之人，但是要用恩德、慈悲去真正回愦那些也给你恩德和慈悲的人。“井有仁焉，从之。”有个仁者掉井里了自己也跟着跳下去的行为在孔子看来是“罔行”，是不动脑子失了分寸的行为。

君子，或说贤者的标准，如何行事也不光光《论语》中有，古之典籍今之道德标准都有相同相近之处，就如《心得》开篇所说，这些那些本就是天地间最基本的真理。这标准我们个人也许终其一生也许也难完全达到，但不可忘记，不可力有所及时不去努力接近，不去引导自身。这也必是个漫长无止境的历程，正如人人能说的那几句人生之道：三十而立，四十不惑，五十知天命，六十耳顺，七十从心所欲，不逾矩，同样语出《论语》，是孔子自我总结的心路历程。大彻大悟之人毕竟少之又少，大多数人可参照的都是这循序渐进非跳跃式的发展历程。

于丹的《心得》内容颇多，读后感想不可能面面俱到全写出来，仅浅谈一二，且书中已有了更有力语句，便不再赘述。

不过，既是“心得”，便是个人体会，一家之言，有人说好便有说非。虽有人指责于丹曲解先人着作，称其为“学术超女”，对现今的文化快餐现象甚为忧虑。但平心而论，能认认真真看下本书思索一番其中道理，在今后人生道路上遇上困难之时脑中闪现书中片语进而引导自身，惠及他人，实在于己与人是一次不小的收获。即便在一些人看来于丹的《心得》错误百出，却是瑕不掩瑜。

经典之所以为经典不在其诘屈聱牙的文字，不在咬文嚼字吃准了唯一的释义，而在即便随时间流逝依然能为大众所接受的长久生命力，口口声声说要“传承”，却又束之高阁不容许不同之声的出现，才是对儒家思想“仁恕”核心的一种曲解。既然所有学术理论技术的最终目的都是服务于人，为人所用，又何来俱是以何形式，中国不有句古话么：“真金不怕火来验。”

旅客朋友们，大家好!欢迎来到鸟的天堂。今天由我做你们的导游，一起来游览鸟的天堂。这里是全国最大的天然赏鸟乐园。这里是人们心驰神往的旅游胜地。小鸟天堂是侨乡广东新会着名的国际级生态旅游景点，位于距城区10公里的天马村。她以数百年的悠久历史，占地达18亩，远看像一片浮动绿洲的古独榕，堪称南国奇观。

而每天栖息在这棵美丽大树上数以万计的各种野生鹭鸟，暮出晨归，嘎嘎而鸣，翩翩起舞，更蔚为壮观。这一自然景象出现在人口稠密区，生生不息，已延续了384年(明万历戌午年，公元老派162019年始于“雀墩”)，形成了人与自然和谐相处、共同发展的典范，实属罕见。历年来，吸引了大批中外游客慕名而至。

“世界十大文化名人”之一，我国现代着名作家巴金，早在上世纪三十年代初就游览了小鸟天堂，写下了名篇《鸟的天堂》，并于1980年载入全国(包括港地区)统篇教材，小学六年级语文(上册)，成为经典课文，每年在全国约2300万名该年级学生中广为传诵。一级又一级，一代复一代，这个名闻遐迩的“鸟的天堂”，已在全国数亿学生中深入人心。

这一奇特的自然生态景观，这一珍贵的自然遗产，已成为人与自然和谐统一的活的“教科书”，并以此作为窥视大自然的窗口，让人们从中了解人与自然和谐相处，建立新型人鸟关系的过程，从而唤起人们热爱大自然，热爱我们人类共同家园的美好情感。

时下，独具生态文化色彩的“休闲型”旅游，已渐成热点，正引领着旅游新时尚。2019年又恰逢国际生态旅游年。请到全国最大的天然赏鸟乐园来;请到人们心驰神往的绿色家园来!“人间毕竟有天堂，暂别浮华，拥抱自然，聆听百鸟和鸣，感受天籁之声;到人的乐园，远离尘嚣，觅一方静土，让疲倦的心灵得到片刻栖息……好了，听了我的介绍你一定迫不及待了吧?闲话少说，现在就请您自己参观鸟的天堂。2小时后在这里集合，祝您旅途愉快!

大别山位于鄂豫皖三省的交界处，崇山峻岭、层峦叠嶂，北挽淮河，南濒长江，瞰至中原，其特殊地理位置极具战略意义，因而自古为兵家必争之地。素有"得大别山者得中原，得中原者得天下"之说。

如今的大别山更是是一个旅游、避暑、度假的胜地。这里冬季和夏季很短，春秋两季较长，空气清新，气候宜人，充满江南韵味的竹林、茶园、水田，翩翩鸟儿落上耕牛背，都是大别山的美景。

大别山国家森林公园位于湖北省黄冈市罗田县北部高山区，公园分设天堂寨大别雄风自然风光游览区、青台关古关名刹游览区、薄刀峰避暑休闲游览区、九资河大别山田园风光游览区、天堂湖水上乐园等五个景区，公园总面积300平方公里，公园常年降雨量1350mm，平均气温16.4℃。现有野生植物1487种，动物634种。1996年5月林业部组织专家组对大别山国家森林公园旅游资源进行了综合考察和评审，一致认为具有极大的开发价值，并正式批准为国家森林公园。大别山国家森林公园是以中山山岳地貌，原始森林景观为特征，融民俗风情、农艺景观、历史人文景观于一体，开展避暑度假、旅游观光以及会议、科教休养、健身等活动的综合型国家级森林公园，森林覆盖率达89%。

各位朋友，上午好!我叫__X，是大家此次天堂寨之行的导游员。各位在旅行过程中遇到什么困难和问题，请向王导提出，不必客气，我将尽其所能帮助大家。预祝朋友们在天堂寨玩的开心、睡的舒心、吃的爽心!

朋友们，您感受到了吗?我们正处身在一个偌大的森林公园内，这是一个充满洪荒味的森林公园，四野林木葱郁，烂漫山花传香，白云在蓝天飘荡，银流在谷间漫淌，除了偶尔传来的鸟鸣，就是一片寂静。请做番深呼吸吧!甜蜜蜜的，会让您精神大振;请喝口青泉水吧!会使您目清神爽。这就是回归大自然的享受，这就是回归大自然的乐趣。

天堂寨国家森林公园是华东最后一片原始森林，位于安徽省金寨县西南角，毗邻湖北罗田县和英山县。天堂寨森林公园总面积为120平方公里，境内千米高峰有15座,主峰天堂寨海拔1729.13米，古称“吴楚东南第一关”。在这里，发生过无数次大大小小的战争，其中最为著名的是明初时徐寿辉领导的横扫大半个中国的"红巾军"起义，令元朝统治者闻风丧胆;近代的，1947年刘邓大军千里挺进大别山，拉开了战略的进攻序幕。暗淡了刀光剑影，远去了鼓角铮鸣。今日的天堂寨已成为国家森林公园、著名的旅游胜地。

森林景观因季节而异。春来繁花似锦，夏至青翠欲滴，秋时层林尽染，冬日雪压冰封。天堂寨位于大别山腹地，地处山区，没有大市场集散地的优势，没有工业发展的优势，但却有着极其丰富的自然资源。雄奇博大的天堂寨，因其云多、雾重、山高、树密、水碧，形成了风光旖旎，无与伦比的自然景观，被誉为生态名山、资源名山、文化名山、药材宝山，她的森林覆盖率高达96.5%，位居我国所有风景名胜区的首位，是名副其实的华东最后一片原始森林。

在过去的粗放型经济环境下，交通不畅，当地人只能“靠山吃山”，依靠开山伐木维持生计。而现在，森林资源被保护起来，当地人民的观念在国家倡导“红色旅游”的影响下也发生了转变，同样是“靠山吃山”，但现在却是下大力气去保护好这片青山绿水，努力开拓旅游市场，依靠旅游带动当地发展。

保护区内峰、石、树、花、云海相映成趣，景色怡人。走进天堂寨，就象走进一幅迷人的画卷，苍松迭翠下，潺潺溪水旁，山雨朦胧中，使人浑然觉得“山朦胧、水朦胧、天朦胧、地朦胧、月朦胧、鸟朦胧”，实有“我在山里行，赛过做神仙”的意境。

天堂寨是“红军”的故乡，曾为中华民族和中国人民的解放事业，奉献了无数英勇的战士和多位将军，有“将军县”之美誉。其中的天堂寨马石小学始建于上世纪70年代初。因位于海拔1000余高的半山腰上，而多次遭遇山洪，几度被毁。但山里人仍不愿放弃，顽强地保存了仅有的几间破损校舍。90年代后，外界发现了几近荒芜的她。一批又一批的人们在寻访革命遗迹、领略壮丽美景的同时，纷纷将自己的关爱带入其中，使之成为了“希望小学”。现在，马石小学有4位教师和43名学生。我们欢迎有意资助希望小学的，献出爱心，我们将义务为类似活动提供帮助。

蓝蓝的天下面小小的我，用心大声的唱你最爱的歌，纵然世界不同你曾给我的梦境，只要有你陪着哪怕再多哭乐，你的笑声是我生命的书签。——题记

海洋天堂讲的是一个身患绝症的父亲与患有自闭症儿子相依为命，他父亲得知自己身患绝症，时日不多的时候，他苦苦的想要为自己那可怜的儿子找一个家，却历尽波折。最后他将儿子留在了儿子“最爱”的海洋馆里，他告诉儿子，大海龟就是他，儿子看到大海龟就是看到了他，大海龟会代替他陪伴着儿子，最后他笑着离开了人世……

赞颂母亲的文章太多，歌颂母亲的诗句太多，父亲总是常常被人遗忘在角落里，但父亲从不会介意，因为父亲有着宽广的胸怀。我们常常为母亲的柔情打动，为母亲的体贴落泪，而父亲那严厉面孔下的慈祥常常被我们忽视。我们常常哭着抱怨父亲的铁面，父亲的凶狠，父亲的铁面无私，但谁又想过父亲打我们时他的心又何尝不是在滴血?

父亲的铁面中夹带的柔情，深深地烙印在我的心底。冰天雪地时接我放学，父亲不会像母亲一样拉着我们的手，总是走在前面，为我们遮风挡雪;炎热酷暑时，父亲将我背在背上送我去医院，豆大的汗水滴落下来，滴在了我的心间;在过年过节时，父亲从不多言，只是默默地为大家准备好丰富的宴席，往来在人群中，乐此不疲。

父亲，您有着坚韧的性格，在我意气用事时浇灭了我的冲动;您有着坚强的意志，在我遇到困难退缩时激励我坚持下去;您有着高瞻的视野，您喜欢带着我周游各地，开拓了我的视野，您丰富的阅历让我目瞪口呆，我暗自在心里更加对您佩服不已。这一切的一切，加深了让我对您的敬爱，您对我的爱，赐予了我无穷的动力。

蓝蓝的天下面小小的我，用心大声的唱你最爱的歌，纵然世界不同你曾给我的梦境，相信最美好的一起在下一刻降落，亲爱的父亲，我想大声的对您说：我爱你!

每次回丽江老家，我都被那雄伟壮丽的玉龙雪山所吸引。它以险、奇、秀著称，气势磅礴，还会随时令和阴晴而变化。有时碧空如水，群峰晶莹耀眼;有时云雾缠绕山腰，云儿在雪峰间更显皎洁，云儿下的山峦更显葱翠;有时霞光映照雪峰，只见雪峰宛如披着红纱的仙女，娇艳无比。

今年是虎年，听说虎年上玉龙雪山去祈祷，全家将会吉祥如意，于是我们全家在过年时去雪山的冰川公园游玩。冰川公园位于古城以北25公里处，我们乘车出发，大概需要50分钟的时间。到了冰川公园坐索道处，只见那里成片的雪松和冷杉都已被白雪覆盖，索道入口立了块一巨石，巨石上写着海拔3506米，我的心悬了起来，坐上缆车，只见漫山遍野都变白了，雪松和高山杜鹃也都披上了白大衣，缆车不断往上，我的手心有点出汗了，感觉要把我们拉上天去，还好缆车上播放着有关雪山的美丽传说和动听的音乐，加上有爸爸妈妈的陪伴，我慢慢放松了下来，长达3公里的索道终止了。我们下了缆车，到了雪山雪线之上，迎面吹来的是寒冷的风，我们冷得直发抖，妈妈给我吃了巧克力驱寒，加上到了雪地了，心情高兴，耳边听到的是游客们喜悦的尖叫声，我们都顿时兴奋了起来。

原本打算打雪仗、堆雪人，可山上的雪很厚，雪面上还结了一层冰，所以计划落空了，正感叹时，听到爸爸叫我，回头一看，爸爸平躺在雪地上，我和姐姐也躺了下去，只见湛蓝的天空像蓝色的海洋，雪儿像洁白的棉花被，感觉伸手就能摸到蓝天，不，好像就在蓝天里，我们不禁尖叫起来。不知妈妈何时来到我身边，提起我的裤角，我刚抬头就被妈妈拖着奔跑起来，我似乎像只鱼儿在海洋里游动，我高兴得直叫!更让我兴奋不已的是还可以滑雪，我们冲过去排队，好不容易轮到我们，坐上座位，相互抱好就从滑道上冲了下来，感觉好刺激呦!

我问妈妈为什么有的游客还吸氧气呢?妈妈指了指巨石上的字：海报4506米!哇!好高啊!雪山上气温很低，我们不敢停留太久，保存体力回到坐索道处，跑进雪松林里打雪仗、堆雪人，一直玩到玩不动了，也笑不动了，我们面对雪山许下了各自美好的愿望后依依不舍的坐上了车，在车上我做了一个梦，梦见我的愿望实现了!

读了《莫泊桑短篇小说精选》中的《我的叔叔于勤》有许多内心的想法，在文章中，“我的叔叔”于勤有了钱，“我们”全家希望他早日回来可以给我们带来幸福、奢华的生活，但通过这次旅行，“我们”在船上看到了他，他是一个又老又穷的卖牡蛎的老水手。“父亲”和“母亲”都躲着他，因为他没有钱，从船长口中得知，他没有回自己家乡的原因是：他在哈佛尔还有亲人，不过他不愿意回去，因为他欠了他们的钱。

我有点同情于勤，他从以前的“流氓”变成“卖牡蛎的老人”了，他有本领，能自力更生了，他已经在慢慢的改变了。如果我是克丽丝，一定会和他相认，会给他改过的机会，所以“我的母亲”她的做法，我不赞同。

莫泊桑写的小说反映了当时社会对人的不公平，使人见利忘义，显示当时人那虚荣骄傲的人性弱点。

《关脂球》这篇文章表达了主人公对侵略者的仇恨和蔑视，我读着读着，越来越愤怒了，想到在开始，女主人公曾经好心的把自己的食物分给大家，而在最后结尾之中居然被人嘲笑，让我非常的可怜她，同时对嘲笑她的人感到可悲。

想到我现在的生活，我觉得自己很幸福，生活在那么好的家庭，有父亲的疼爱与关心，能有一个很好的学习环境，每天都开开心心，没有烦恼，生活的很充实。

斯密所著的《国富论》，全名为《国民财富的性质和原因的研究》，此书初版于1776年，就是美国《独立宣言》发表的那一年。在资本主义社会的发展方面，《国富论》起了重大的促进作用。《国富论》的编者马克斯勒纳评论说："这是一本将经济学、哲学、历史、政治理论和实践计划奇怪地混合在一齐的书，一本由有着高深学问和明敏见识的人所写的书。

这个人有强大的分析本事，能对他的笔记本中所有的材料进行筛选;又有强大的综合本事，能按照新的和引人注目的方式将其重新组合起来，斯密对他当时的学术领域的各种思想是极为敏感的。他像之后的马克思一样，不是一个关在自我房子里的与世隔绝的学者，他仿佛全身装着天线，能收到并吸收所能接触到的一切信息。他在封建欧洲解体之末、近代世界开始之时写作，在这个世界中，封建制度仍以既得利益集团经常表现的顽固性在坚持。他正是为反对这种利益集团而写作的。结果是，他的书不只是为图书馆架藏而写的，它对经济意见和国家政策产生了深刻的影响，它构成了我们今日住在其中的整个生活环境。"

斯密在《国富论》中要回答的最终问题是，感情与"公平的旁观者"之间的内在斗争，在社会的长期演进中究竟是怎样在历史本身的大舞台上发生作用的。这个问题的答案见第五编，他列举了社会发展的四个主要组织阶段，除非由资源的匮乏、战争或政府的坏政策予以阻止，否则这些阶段是会连续进行的。这四个阶段是：猎人的最初"野蛮"阶段，原始农业的第二阶段，封建或庄园"耕作"的第三阶段，商业上相互依存的第四阶段。每一阶段伴有与它的需要相适应的制度。

例如，在猎人阶段中"没有任何财产......所以，也就没有任何确立的行政长官或正规的司法行政"。随着牛羊群的出现，产生了比较复杂的社会组织形式，不仅仅包括"可怕的"军队，并且有不可缺少的法律和秩序堡垒。斯密思想的核心是：这种制度是保护特权的工具，不能用自然法为之辩护。

他说，"文官政府是为了财产的安全而设立的，实际上是为保护富人反对穷人而设立的，即为了保护有些财产的人反对根本没有财产的人而设立的。"最终，斯密将演进描述为从封建主义走向一个需要有新制度的社会阶段，这种新制度是由市场确定的而不是由同业公会确定的，是自由的而不是受政府限制的。这在之后称为放任自由的资本主义，斯密称之为完全自由的制度。这种物质生产基础的连续改

变，将带来的上层建筑的必然改变，这和马克思主义的历史观有明显的相似之处。可是也有一个重大的差别：马克思主义体系中的最终动力是阶级斗争，而在斯密的哲学史中，主要的推动机制是"人性"，由自我改善的欲望所驱使，由理智所指导。

《国富论》远远不是一部通常所认为的学术论文。虽然斯密也劝说放任自由，但他的论证却更多地是反对政府干预和反对垄断;虽然他赞扬贪欲的结果，却又几乎总是鄙视商人的行为和策略。他也不认为商业制度本身是完全值得赞美的。

1980年7月，京林学院关君蔚教授来天堂寨考察。1982年9月，南京植物研究所研究员邓懋斌来天堂寨考察。1981年9月至1983年，安师大生物学系研究生沈显生五次赴天堂寨，野外工作7个月，采集植物标本2500余号，写出了16万余字的毕业论文：《安徽省金寨县天堂寨山区植物区系的初步研究》。之后，全国各地的林业专家、植物专家、水土专家、环保专家待一百多人，陆陆续续地走进了天堂寨山区……天堂寨的价值渐渐被人们认识。天堂寨高居于金寨县的西南角，约当北纬31度10分—15分，东经115度38分—47分。从海拔200米—1729米处，在40平方公里的北坡山地上，生息着1300余种高等植物，80多种鸟类和兽类，90多种花卉;此外，还有20多种名贵的灵芝、云芝、金耳、水晶兰、鬼笔、竹荪等食用菌和药用菌类。在上述植物中，经专家们鉴定：有50多种植物为安徽省首次记录;11种植物为华东地区首次记录;独具风姿的白马鼠尾草，为世界首次记录。令人惊奇的是，这里尚的第三经冰川期的连香树、领春木、鹅掌楸、银杏、金钱松、三尖杉等多种古树的孑遗。为了抢救这些珍贵、稀有、濒危的植物，目前已有26种植物编入了国家的红皮书，受到了法律的保护。1986年10月，我登临天堂寨，正值层林尽染的金秋。一丛鸡爪槭，是一堆燃烧着的红云;一片小叶栎，是一层耀眼的金云;一株兰果树，是一堆厚厚的紫云。远远眺望，更有点点滴滴的赭云、褐云、桔红云、胭脂云……大自然醉墨淋漓，肆意挥洒，似把人间最瑰丽的色彩都泼在这儿了!在这里，我似乎找到了“天堂”的真正含义。

高三寄语——如果你想进入天堂

如果你想进天堂，请参加高考；如果你想入地狱，请参加高考。高考锻炼一个人的品质，高考让我们学会生存，高考为我们提供了最公平的舞台，高考让我们的命运从此改变。在高三，我们将经过地火般的淬炼，进入梦想中的天堂。      天下高三一般黑，没有谁能随随便便成功，取胜的唯一途径就是实实在在的奋斗。生命不息，奋斗不止；高考不至，做题不停。春夏的耕耘是为了秋天的收获，今天的汗水是为了明天的微笑。几十万大军去争那有限的名额，谁在高三拼了，奋斗了，谁就能在高考中赢了。相信吧，世界上没有免费的午餐，这是真理。

要想成功首先要有明确的目标。我们的最高目标就是上名牌，上清华。现在距高考还有几个月，只要你拼这几个月，全力以赴，疯狂学习，不考虑结果，一心增强实力，梦想就会成为现实。你考出清华北大的成绩，清华北大就会向你伸出橄榄枝。在你还可以改变你的高考的时候，没有任何理由不努力。同学们，不管我们能不能上清华北大，我们为自己的目标而奋斗就是伟大的，光荣的。有了明确的目标，你会摒弃自卑、疑惧心理。“不能够”、“办不到”将从你的字典中消失；你会摒弃惰性、轻浮、应付，一心一意提高成绩；你会在迷茫、疲倦时重新获得动力，拥有足够的意志去克服自己的弱点；你会避开失败与挫折的阴影，为最终的高考而继续奋斗；你会尽全力安排好自己的生活和学习。一切的一切都要为高考服务。每天都要生活在积极向上的阳光中。同学们，你是否已经确立了明确的目标？有了就大声地告诉你自己：我有我的梦想，我有我的大学，我有我的未来，我拼搏，所以我会成功！

有了目标就如盖房子有了图纸，接下来就是实实在在的行动。

第一，勤奋。我坚信天道酬勤，最影响人成功的是懒惰，同时，最能助你赶超别人的是勤奋。愿意为自己想做的事付出时间与精力，这是人生的幸福。没有了时间，我们还能有什么？每天你可以在6：10之前跑到教室背你想背的东西，每天晚上你可以踩着9：50的铃声冲进宿舍，迅速洗涮完毕，按规定时间安然入睡……如果你想，没有什么不可以做到。时间不只有长度，更包括宽度和深度。利用零碎时间就是一种很好的时间利用和休息方法。你是否注意到每天课间的一百多分钟在你的说笑中溜掉？我们要求大家课间疯狂提问，有多少疑难能架住你每天的疯狂提问？当你在发现自己的错题时，是否想到老师你知识的深度广度不够，是否应该迅速查缺补漏？只是拼耗时间不是真正的勤奋，还要注重效益，用最短的时间做最多的事，并把它做好。要始终注意保持快速而敏捷的思维，提高自己的速度，包括写字、读书、算数、分析答案等。其次，要保持较高的准确度，多错一道会做的题浪费你双倍的时间。尽管高三任务重，但如果每一天都能充实地过完，每一天都全力以赴，晚上就可以无愧无悔地入睡。

第二，要养成良好的习惯。每道题都要按考试要求规范去做，你的出错率很快就会降低；每天问老师或同学5道题，你就会减少许多时间的浪费；每天读十分钟的完形填空，你就可以将错误减少到两个以下；每天练会一个读写核心点，你的读写能力会逐渐提高……

要始终严格要求自己，把规范当作一种习惯。在学习上规范地完成每一次作业，每一次改错，你会在同样的时间里收获更多的知识、方法和做题经验。要始终跟着老师的思路，让自己少走一些弯路。

要重视细节。二轮复习要在进一步完善知识体系，提高学科基本能力上下功夫，查缺补漏，攻克难点。最忌眼高手低，一看就会，一做就错。避免此类毛病必须在细节上求完美。今天的小石子都有可能成为高考的珍珠。

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这个天然植物群落所显示出来的万物兴荣的景象，有许多秘密已被专家识被，有不少秘密尚在迷雾中。比如，囊瓣芹在国外只见于日本和朝鲜，而在国内为什么仅见于天堂寨?又比如，出生在古北大陆的天女花，为什么会以孤岛式的间断分布，跳跃在淮阳古陆的天堂寨?更为奇特的是，天堂寨处于大别山的北坡，从秦岭冲击过来的寒流，北坡首当其害。按理，北坡的植物应该少于南坡，而实际上北坡的植物却大大超过了南坡。这个谜如何解释?专家们推测：这可能因为天堂寨的飞瀑多，龙潭多，水汽弥漫上升，阻挡了寒流的下沉;再加上茂密的森林为屏障，这就给众多的动植物创造了天然的“避难所”。我在遮天蔽日和林荫里穿行，脚步很轻，不想走快，生怕漏了什么。太繁富了!最忙的是眼睛，好像不是在登高，是被一种力量向上推涌着，升腾，升腾。不知不觉间，便进入一种超然物外的境界。画眉鸟以甜美圆润的歌喉，洗涤着这片空寂和林间圣地。白颈长尾雉正在呼朋引类，咕咕地叫着。草丛里的环颈雉，一直等我快要踩住它斑谰的尾巴，才扑愣愣地飞起。长喙的啄木鸟，不时向深藏不露的蛀虫发出急骤的击鼓声。羚羊没有看到。獐子不知躲到什么地方嚼草去了。杂色的勺鸡是一个旺族，遍山皆是。它们不爱叫。却长得肥嘟嘟的……所有的禽兽都得天独厚。它们永生永世生活在这里，不思迁徙，嘶吼鸣叫，奔窜跳跃，各显天性。它们喂养着这片草木，同时被这片草木喂养着……走下天堂寨，夕阳的烟霞漫过来，隐去了它的绝顶。面对无言的自然，我自感很浮浅。天堂寨，我看不透你。你太高，太深，太神秘。是的，我看不透你

看完这本书后我的第一感觉就是太羡慕小姜片了。书里描述的美食让我边看边流口水，可是小姜片却可以尽情的吃个够。书里快乐老家的美景就像大人们常说的“世外桃源”让人多么的向往呀!我多么的希望我就是那个可爱的小姜片呀!

书里描写的老姜茶其实是一个白发苍苍的老奶奶，她年纪大了，房子也没了，只能天天看女儿的脸色小心的过着寄养的生活。按常人的思维她应该心情压抑每天唉声叹气的抱怨这抱怨那，可是出现在我们面前的老姜茶却是很现代、很幽默、很满足和很爱漂亮的一个老小孩。她把小姜片的烦恼统统的解决了，还教会了她该怎样的做人，还用她的经典语录让一个在学校人人讨厌的小女孩变成了人人喜爱甚至崇拜的女孩。老姜茶的魅力太大了让所有的同学和老师都成了她的“粉丝”。

在书里老姜茶也知道了自己年轻的时候没有尽心的照顾好自己的孩子，所以她希望小姜片的妈妈能做一个好妈妈。看完这本书我希望所有的妈妈可以站在孩子的立场上想想，不要认为我们的生活里就只有学习，要留给我们快乐的童年!让我们快乐健康的成长!

Hello, tourists! Welcome to Dabie Mountain. After a long journey, we workedhard all the way. My name is he Jie. Im your guide. You can call me Xiao He.This is master Zhao, the driver. He has been driving for many years and has richexperience. Please rest assured to take his car. If you have any needs orrequirements, please feel free to put forward, I will try my best to serve you.I hope my service can make you have a happy journey.

When it comes to the Dabie Mountains, I think your first reflection is thatit is a red soil and a revolutionary base. Countless revolutionary ancestorsleft their footprints here. In fact, Dabie Mountain is also a tourist, summerresort. With beautiful scenery, fresh air and pleasant climate, it has beendeveloped as "Dabie Mountain eco-tourism area". Here, you can not only enjoy themagic of strange peaks, dangerous mountains, strange rocks and sea of clouds,but also enjoy the charm of heavens beautiful water.

There are five scenic spots in Dabie Mountain, including Tiantangzhai DabieXiongfeng natural scenery tourist area, qingtaiguan Guguan famous temple touristarea, bodaofeng summer resort tourist area, Jiuzihe Dabie Mountain pastoralscenery tourist area and tiantanghu water orchestra. The total area of the parkis 300 square kilometers, with annual rainfall of 1350 mm and averagetemperature of 16.4c. There are 1487 species of wild plants and 634 species ofanimals. In May 1996, the Ministry of forestry organized an expert group toconduct a comprehensive investigation and evaluation on the tourism resources ofthe Dabie Mountain National Forest Park. They agreed that it has greatdevelopment value and was officially approved as a national forest park. Todaywe mainly visit Tiantangzhai scenic spot.

Tiantangzhai is the main peak of Dabie Mountain, known as the first peak inthe Central Plains. The most magical landscape in the park is the mountain! Thescenic area is famous for its magnificent mountains, quiet valleys and beautifulwater. Walking in the heaven mountain, the mountains and obstacles are likemelting into the embrace of mountains. Or to see the solitary peaks stand aloneand rise straight into the sky; or to see the two peaks stand against each otherand fight for height; or to see the peaks stand in a forest; to block out thesky and the sun, and to be majestic. Climbing up, you can see the mountainscompeting in a thousand different ways. Some roar like a tiger, some roar like alion, some sit like Maitreya, some lie like a Buddha in heaven, some look like agiant penholder. The shape is lifelike and amazing. The Sleeping Buddha inheaven, the philosopher watching the sea (xugongya) and the turtle in Dabie areknown as the "three wonders of heaven" and even more spectacular. Tiantangzhaihas many ravines, twists and turns, which show its profound shape. In thestream, the springs and rocks are scattered, and the birds are murmuring. Theriver bank is covered with trees, and the green bamboo is hidden, showing itsnatural color. The water of heaven is beautiful and the waves are long. Thewater here is known for its clarity, sweetness and moisture. The streams in thescenic area are winding and winding, lingering in the valley. They are oftendeep and abstruse. Sometimes, the water runs through the mountains and rocks,flowing freely like the Milky way, dancing like jade, splashing with beads andsoaking in the slurry, creating a wonderful waterfall landscape. Sometimes thestream is calm, sometimes it twists and turns, clear green and sparkling. Valleywater, weir like a mirror, small pool like beads. The weirs and pools areconnected, and the mirrors and beads are inlaid. It is pure and transparent,elegant and vulgar.

Here is the fairy valley. It is picturesque and full of magical colors. Thelegend of Shenxian Valley is a place loved by Laojun and frequently active. Yousee, there is a natural platform on a huge stone, which is called the rooftop.There is a deep hole under the boulder. There is a pool in front of the hole.There are two cascades on the pool. It is said that a pair of carp in the poolwere infected by Laojuns immortal spirit. They swam into shuanglongtan not faraway to listen to Laojuns chanting and preaching. Shuanglongtan is actually thelargest two "Wells" in the nine wells of heaven, and the two wells areconnected. There is a huge platform between the two pools, namely "chantingplatform". This is the platform of the Sutra chanting and preaching. Every timeLao Jun devotes himself to preaching, the two carp also listen attentively.After a long time, they all emerge into Jackie Chan and achieve good results.Therefore, later generations call these two wells "shuanglongtan".

The cave in front of you is said to be the place where taishanglaojun livedand ate, so people named it Xianren cave. Xianren cave is close to mountains andwaters, with beautiful environment. There is a space of about 10 square metersin the cave. At the bottom of the cave, there is a stone bed wheretaishanglaojun is staying. This is taishanglaojuns immortal stove. Not faraway, there is taishanglaojuns "Xianyi cave" where he plays chess. Next to theimmortal cave, there is "shuanglongchugu". At this point, the river water ofShenxian Valley is divided into two parts by a huge stone. It flows down fromboth sides like two silver dragons running out of the valley happily.

What you see now is the philosopher peak, which is known as one of the"three wonders of heaven". Please take a closer look. The cliff is about 100meters high. It looks like a huge head, a broad forehead, thick eyebrows, a highnose, and rich lips. Looking north, you seem to be thinking about a majorphilosophical proposition. The buildings here are of Ming and Qing styles. Mostof them are arranged according to the situation. It has the characteristics ofShanzhai. The mountain road is rugged. Please be careful and pay attention tosafety. It seems to be a humble place. In fact, it has quite favorable militaryconditions.

In the war of liberation, Liu Dengs army advancing into the DabieMountains was the historical turning point of our armys transformation fromstrategic defense to strategic attack. On June 30, 1947, Liu Bocheng and DengXiaoping led the main force of the Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan fieldforces, Liu Dengs army, in accordance with the strategic principles of theParty Central Committee, with superhuman courage and courage, to cross theYellow River in Southwest Shandong and leap into the Dabie Mountains,successfully opening the prelude of the PLAs strategic counterattack. By themiddle of October, Liu Dengs army had controlled more than 150 kilometers ofJiangfang on the North Bank of the Yangtze River.

Now we have reached the summit of the philosopher peak. Here, when we lookaround the world, we can see that 100000 mountains are worshipping. You can seethe Central Plains to the north and Jingchu mountains and waters to the south.Watching the sunrise in the early morning seems to be nine days away, andwatching the sunset in the evening is like walking in the fairy palace. When therain is over and the sky is clear, the morning view of the sea of clouds is evenmore spectacular. The vast sea of clouds, layers of smoke, the indigo coloredmountains, like the fishing boats in the sea of white waves, sometimes loomingand sometimes appearing, and like the dragon flying, dancing and swallowing theclouds. The scenery is spectacular. Unfortunately, our time is limited, we cantenjoy the beautiful scenery together. If you have the chance to visit Dabiemountain again next time, you must not miss the scenery!

This is jiexingfeng, so its called Siyi. We are almost to the horizon.Both sides of it are abysses, with only one stone path to climb up. The degreeof danger is astonishing. The mountain ridge is covered with thousand year oldpines. The roots of pines are climbing the cliff, showing people their greatvitality. Several huge stones on the top of Jiexing peak are independent of thepeak, as if they were flying from outside.

If you stand on Jiexing peak and look to the northeast, another dangerousscene will jump into your eyes. Different from other places, there are countlessstone swallows flying together in spring and summer. They live in the crevicesbetween the cliffs and fly on the mountain jungle. They are called stoneswallows cliff.

Its getting late. Please come down with me. Please pay attention to safetywhen you go down the mountain.

The short trip to Dabie Mountains is coming to an end. Thank you for yourcooperation and help. If you have any comments or suggestions on my work, pleaselet me know so that I can improve in the future and provide you with betterservice. I hope this tour will leave you a wonderful and unforgettable memory. Iwish you all a safe journey and all the best. Once again, I would like to thankyou. bye.