莫高窟导游词英文【精品20篇】

中山陵各位朋友，来到一座历史文化名城，你们一定想去看看当地最有名气、最具特色的景点吧。到了南京，如果没去中山陵，可以说你只看到了半个南京城。尽管南京素有"六朝古都"之称，拥有"金陵四十景"等众多名胜古迹，但中山陵无疑是其中最具吸引力、最有知名度的一个。

说起中山陵，当然要提到它的主人--伟大的中国民-主革命先行者孙中山先生。孙先生本名孙文，字逸仙。外国友人都称呼他为"孙逸仙博士"。因为他在日本从事革命活动时曾用过"中山樵"的化名，所以他在国内被尊称为孙中山先生。孙中山1866年11月12日出生于广东香山县(今中山市)翠亨村的一个农民家庭。他少有大志，先后求学于檀香山、香港等地，毕业后在广州、澳门等地行医。后来他弃医从政，并于1920xx年在日本组织中国同盟会，被推举为，提出了"驱除按虏，恢复中华，建立民-国，平均地权"的著名纲领，及"民族、民权、民生"的三民-主义学说。

1920xx年10月10日武昌起义爆发后，孙先生被十七省代表推举为中华民-国临时大总统，并于次年元旦在南京宣誓就职。此后，经历了"袁世凯窃国""二次革命""护国运动""护-法运动"等风风雨雨，1920xx年他在广州就任中华民-国非常大总统。在1920xx年1月广州召开的中国国民党第一次全国代表大会上，他将旧三民-主义发展为新三民-主义，提出了"联俄联共扶助农工"的三大政策。同年11月他应冯玉祥之邀抱病北上讨论国家大计，终因积劳成疾，于1920xx年3月12日在北京逝世。

中山陵的墓址是孙先生生前选定的。这里视野开阔，气象雄伟，的确是建造陵墓的好地方。你们也许会问;孙先生出生于广东，逝世在北京，毕生为革命奔波于各地，为什么要选择南京作为自己的长眠之地呢?

据说，早在1920xx年孙先生就任临时大总统时，灵谷寺的住持和尚就曾向他推荐过这块"前临平川，后拥青嶂"的风水宝地。当年3月31日，中山先生为求南北和平统一，毅然辞去总统之职。4月初的一天，他与胡汉民等人到明孝陵一带打猎，来到现陵墓所在地休息。孙先生环顾四周，对左右说，我将来死后，想向国民求得这块土地以安葬(待我他日辞世后，愿向国民乞一抔土以安置躯壳尔)。当然，紫金山的气势风水还不是孙先生作此决定的根本原因。孙先生临终前嘱咐："吾死之后，可葬于南京紫金山麓，因南京为临时政府成立之地，所以不忘辛亥革命也。"因此，尽管孙先生在南京停留时间并不长，但南京对于孙先生是具有特殊意义的。他选择南京紫金山为墓址，从根本上说，是为了纪念辛亥革命，激励革命同仁。

Sun yat-sens mausoleum friends, came to a famous historical and cultural city, you must want to see the most famous, the most distinctive local attractions. In nanjing, if did not go to sun yat-sens mausoleum, say that you see only the half of nanjing. Although nanjing, long known as "the six dynasties ancient capital", has "jinling 40 landscape" and so on numerous scenic spots and historical sites, but sun yat-sens mausoleum is undoubtedly one of the most attractive, one of the most famous.

Speaking of sun yat-sens mausoleum, of course, must be mentioned in its master, the great national - the main revolutionary forerunner sun yat-sen. Mr. Sun name sun yat-sen,. Foreign friends all call him "Dr. Sun yat-sen". Because he is engaged in revolutionary activities in Japan when used pseudonym "zhongshan firewood", so he is regarded as sun yat-sen in China. Sun yat-sen was born on November 12, 1866 in xiangshan county (now zhongshan city) in guangdong province tsui a peasant family. He flew high and rare successively studied in Honolulu, Hong Kong and other places, to practice medicine in places such as guangzhou, Macao after graduation. Later he medical politics, and in Japan in 1905, the organization to China union, had been pushing for the prime minister, put forward the "drive out by lu, to restore the, the establishment of the people - the average land ownership" of the famous platform, and the "nation, civil rights, the peoples livelihood" - the doctrine of three people.

On October 10, 1911 years after the outbreak of the wuchang uprising, Mr Sun was seventeen provinces represent pushing for the Chinese people - the temporary President, and the following year New Years day was sworn into office in nanjing. Since then, has experienced the "yuan shikai mean" "second revolution" "nation sports" ups and downs, such as the "method of protection - movement in guangzhou in 1921, he became the Chinese people - the President very much. Chinese nationalist party (KMT) held in guangzhou in January 1924 the first national congress, he will be the old three people - development for the new three people -, put forward the "which was allied with Russia the peasants" of the three policy. In November the same year he came at the invitation of the feng yuxiang north discuss national plans, eventually because became ill because of overwork, died in Beijing on March 12, 1925.

Sun yat-sens mausoleum burial site is Mr. Sun was selected. This vision, meteorological ambitious, indeed is a good place to build mausoleum. You may ask; Mr. Sun was born in guangdong, died in Beijing, all his life to travel around for the revolution, why choose nanjing as a final resting place?

It is said that as early as in 1912 as temporary President Mr. Sun, soul valley temple abbot monk is has been recommended to him the "would in the former, with green ailian" feng shui treasure. That year on March 31, Mr Zhongshan for the peaceful reunification, resolutely resigned from the presidency. One day in early April, his hunting around with hu and others to the Ming tomb, came to rest now tomb is located. Mr. Sun looked around and said to the left and right sides, after the death of my future want to the land to bury the national obtained (national begging for me after I died someday, to be a pile of soil in place for body). The purple mountain, of course, the momentum of feng shui is not Mr. Sun as the root cause of this decision. Mr Sun last asked: "after my death, can be buried in nanjing zijin foothills, for nanjing interim government was established, so dont forget the xinhai revolution." So, although Mr Sun in nanjing residence time is not long, but nanjing is has special significance for Mr. Sun. He chose nanjing purple mountain as a burial site, fundamentally speaking, is to commemorate the revolution, the revolution colleagues.

平山堂是游目骋怀的好地方。堂前古藤错节，芭蕉肥美，通堂式的敞厅之上，“平山堂”三个大字的匾额高悬，这是名闻遐迩的宋代著名政治家、文学家欧阳修贬谪扬州太守时所建。可敬的是欧公不为世俗所羁，一到扬州，就爱上了蜀岗，于是在此建堂。史载，每到暑天，公余之暇，他常携朋友来此饮酒赋诗，他们饮酒方式颇为特别，常叫从人去不远处的邵伯湖取荷花千余朵，分插百许盆，放在客人之间，然后让歌取一花传客，依次摘其瓣，谁轮到最后一片则饮酒一杯，赋诗一首，往往到夜，载月而归，这就是当时的击鼓传花。如今悬在堂上的“坐花载月”、“风流宛在”的匾额正是追怀欧公的轶事。

欧阳修最爱莲花，其后调任安徽阜阳，到任第二天，他就来到该城的西湖之滨，见湖面开阔，但杂草丛生，于是遍植瑞莲和黄杨，使西湖顿改旧观，夏日时接天莲叶，映日荷花，于是他写诗道：“菡萏香清画舸浮，使君不复忆扬州。都将二十四桥月，换得西湖十顷秋。”可见他是按照扬州瘦西湖的景致安排阜阳的山水。堂前朱漆红柱上的楹联：“过江诸山到此堂下，太守之宴与众宾欢”，是清太守伊秉绶所作，上联以山喻人，显现当年高朋慕名而至，谈古论今的盛景;下联借欧公《醉翁亭记》中句，表现欧公无法施展抱负的郁闷和乐观自适的落宕情怀。造句既佳，书法古朴，为平山堂楹联之冠。

Founded in 1087, Xian stele forest is an art treasure house with theearliest and largest number of ancient steles in China. There are more than 1000steles and epitaphs from the Han Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty. There is a forestof Steles, so it is called the forest of steles. The forest of Steles in Xianis rich in materials. It is not only a treasure house of ancient Chinesecalligraphy, but also a collection of ancient literature and stone patterns. Itdescribes some achievements of Chinas cultural development and reflects thehistorical facts of cultural exchanges between China and foreign countries, soit is famous at home and abroad.

The forest of Steles in Xian was developed on the basis of preserving thestone scriptures of Tang Dynasty. The Shijing in Tang Dynasty includes ShitaiXiaojing written by Li Longji in 745 AD and Kaicheng Shijing carved in 837ad.

In front of the first exhibition room of the forest of Steles is a pavilionspecially built for displaying Shitai Xiaojing. Shitai Xiaojing is the largeststele in the forest of steles. It was written by Li Longji, Emperor Xuanzong ofTang Dynasty, in 745 ad. The book of filial piety was compiled by Confuciusstudents, who specially emphasized filial piety. The first part is Li Longjispreface to filial piety. The purpose of Xuanzongs preface to filial piety is toshow that he wants to govern the world with filial piety. The following is theoriginal text of filial piety, and the small words are the annotation of EmperorXuanzong for filial piety. The base is composed of a three-layer stone platform,with vivid lines carved on it, such as vines, lion flowers, etc. it is arepresentative of the Mid Tang Dynasty, with relief cirrus above. The stele iscomposed of four stones with a stone platform under it, so it is called "stoneplatform filial piety".

The first exhibition room of the forest of Steles mainly displays theKaicheng Shijing. The materials include Zhouyi, Shangshu, Shijing, Zhouli, Yili,Liji, Chunqiu Zuoshi biography, Chunqiu Gongyang biography, Chunqiu Guliangbiography, Analects of Confucius, Xiaojing, Erya and other 12 scriptures, with650252 words, 114 square stones and inscriptions on both sides. More than 30000characters on 17 sides of Mencius, which was made up in the Qing Dynasty, arealso displayed here, collectively known as the thirteen classics. Twelveclassics are the necessary books for intellectuals in feudal society. Becausethe printing technology was not very developed at that time, in order to avoidthe mistakes made by the literati in copying scriptures, and to preserve thempermanently, the 12 scriptures were engraved on stone tablets as models, whichwere set up in the Imperial Academy of Changan City for people to proofread.Since the Eastern Han Dynasty, China has carved scriptures seven times. KaichengShijing is the only complete set of stone scriptures.

恭王府地处北京内城西北部，东近前海，北倚后海。早期自德胜门内积水潭(西海)水域东北角所引出的一条水渠，绕过恭王府的西墙转南墙外(俗称月牙河)，经三座桥流入什刹海(前海)。西、南临水，东、北近水，可谓四周皆水，环境幽美的风水宝地。到20世纪50年代初，该水渠被填平，形成柳荫街及前海西街。

恭王府最早建于乾隆四十一年，公元1776年，已有230多年的历史，是为大学士和珅所建的宅院。嘉庆四年和珅获罪，宅第没收。之后将宅第分为东西两部分，西部嘉庆皇帝赐给了弟弟庆亲王永璘，东部留给了十公主。咸丰元年(1851)咸丰帝将整座王府赐给恭亲王奕入住，至此得名恭王府，沿用至今。请大家记住园子的二位主要主人：大贪官和珅及恭亲王奕 。

恭王府南北长330米，东西宽180米。北京有几十座王府，不是被毁就是被挪做他用，以原来风貌保存下来对外开放的仅恭王府一座。作为满清皇族的古建园林，由府邸和花园两部分组成，总占地面积约六万多平米，其中府邸约3.2万平米,花园占地2.8万平方米。府邸内的建筑分东、中、西三路，由南自北都是以严格的中轴线贯穿着的多三进四合院落组成，布局分明;东路去朴尚华、中路庄严肃穆、西路古朴典雅，三路自成一体又和谐统一。在这些房屋中既有体现皇家气派和威严的建筑，又有来自民间精巧的建筑和装饰风格，构成了王府文化的最大特点。花园融江南园林与北方建筑格局为一体，汇西

洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园。恭王府既是清代王府建筑的重要代表之一，也是中国传统建筑及造园技艺最成熟时期的重要表现。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为“一座恭王府，半部清代史”。

Imagination of hutong in Beijing, is a quiet, clean, harmonious and peaceful. When I enter the hutong neighborhoods, sitting on the human tricycles, accompanied by the bell, shuttle less in the courtyard of neat feeling.

My trip to Beijing hutong from pipe smoke byway started the earliest Beijing hutongs, but no impression of shadow. In addition to the old, bumpy and full of mud green flag to prove its history, on both sides of the house is a bit cant see the years vicissitudes of life. House is trying to keep the style of of primitive simplicity, but seem very uncomfortable. Who lives with shops, mixed with underwear hanging on the street without cover, buzzing flies unbridled ground playing the rubbish in the corner.

Through the pipe of diagonal into hutong neighborhoods, slowly to find a little feeling. The afternoon sun on a few sparse poplar tree in the alley, and from leaking in leaf gap between, on the ground to form the dappled light and shadow, birds and cicadas seems to break the silence, silence silent. Away from the downtown of hutong, a peaceful, as if every other city. Without a map, only know that all the hutongs out "through", also no matter so much, go blind. And so, hutong tour pleasantly surprised unceasingly, full of fun. , for example, two turn son, encountered the drum tower, and walk, a while after the sultry swaying willow Yin was the palace, is the big corrupt official and arsenic home garden. And the 13 middle school in Beijing, is the tao baylor ye palace. Hey! In one hundred old buildings learning modern scientific and cultural knowledge, probably see a new world. The school, will be a combination of classical and modern perfectly. Turn seven took, hit the mei lanfangs former residence. This is a standard siheyuan, is rich to live within the range of a spacious house. The siheyun of now see on television, share, is also home to a few few single-family house. a

Walking in the alley, see the houses are painted on both sides of the road, the green paint, green paint falls off in some places, revealing the mottled walls. Buy a pile of hutong postcards all the ruins, the roof long weeds, parked at the gate of broken bicycle; Vendors carry a burden, shaved teacher carrying carrying pole with its load, a knife of pushing the car, Shouting a lane. Hutong in summer is cool, winter? The wind through the alleys, snow, blocking the road to sell carbon labored to pull tricycle difficult along...

Yes, Beijings hutong is ailing. A history of coagulation, in one hundred the capital of the humanities, thus being a little eating into high-rise buildings. Many people always called for, Shouting: "put some hutongs left to future generations," the idea is good, but for those three generations the petty townsfolk and ordinary people, old and young in a room, in order to keep hutongs and crowded in a small room, it is not fair. Now hutongs, some really has been broken, and only those who deliberately protection of cultural relics are beautiful, the other only in front of the fuzzy stone, lost the edges of the board and the towering old trees recording the hutongs prosperous. And all this, it is necessary to be replaced by a modern things, because things are growing.

My hutong tour will be at the end, I walked into a halal Beijing snack bar, choose the opening on the seat, smelling the aroma of Fried cake, steamed stuffed bun, through the be born glass looked at the street. The lights on, hutong courtyard raised smoke, children playing by his mother calling home for dinner. And I look around the store, the edge of the square table is diners. From the human face, I cant see the tall building is yearning, also can not read and attachment to the hutong, perhaps in hutong life has become a historical inertia, or perhaps, they change from the bottom of my heart quietly looking forward to...

大明寺位于扬州瘦西湖西北角的蜀冈中峰上，因始建于南朝宋孝武帝大明年间(公元457-464年)而得名，现在看到的寺是清同治年间建的。唐代名僧鉴真东渡日本前，即在大明寺传经授戒，该寺因此出名。

整个大明寺分三个部分，中部是主体寺庙建筑，东部是栖灵塔，西部是园林式的后花园——西园。按中部-东部-西部的顺序即可游览全大明寺。

沿着舒缓的台阶爬上山——山不高，海拔才28米，即来到大明寺的正门。山路两边有很多出售香火的小贩，不要买，外面的香是不准带入寺内的。请香在寺内，60元起，比较贵，你可以不烧香只拜一拜。

景区中部的主体寺庙建筑沿南北走向分三路。中轴线上从南到北依次是牌楼、同时扮演着天王殿角色的山门、大雄宝殿。西路上主要看欧阳修，南边是欧阳修任扬州太守时建的平山堂，后来苏东坡任扬州太守时，为纪念欧阳修在平山堂后建造了谷林堂，北边是欧阳祠。东路南边是方丈室平远楼，北边是鉴真纪念堂，鉴真纪念堂东还有藏经楼。

其中鉴真纪念堂是大明寺最重要的建筑。鉴真曾六次东渡，为日本带去了中国的佛教与文化，在日本奈良主持建造唐招提寺并最终圆寂于此寺，鉴真纪念堂于20世纪6、70年代建造时即模仿唐招提寺的样子。纪念堂前碑亭里立着刻有郭沫若题写的“唐鉴真大和尚纪念碑”汉白玉碑。院子的正当中有一个石灯笼，为日本唐招提寺长老所送，与唐招提寺中的另一个石灯笼是一对。纪念堂内供奉着楠木做的鉴真坐像，仿唐招提寺里鉴真像，是他圆寂时的模样。纪念堂对面原来的晴空阁现为鉴真史料馆，可以从图文介绍中了解到鉴真的事迹。

景区东部的栖灵塔，原是隋朝皇帝杨坚为庆贺生日而建，现在看到的塔是按照隋朝的塔复原重建的。塔高9层，里面供奉着舍利子和一尊楠木佛塔。爬到塔顶则可俯看整个大明寺，远眺瘦西湖与扬州城景色。栖灵塔的东、西两侧分别为钟楼和鼓楼，塔北的卧佛殿能看到来自缅甸的玉佛。

景区西部的后花园西园，因与乾隆下江南有关，又叫御园，园中和所有江南园林一样，假山、亭台楼阁林立，正中一片湖水是放生池。湖东有乾隆御碑亭，立着三块乾隆御碑。湖中有天下第五泉，这个“第五”是唐代《煎茶水记》的作者张又新评的。乾隆御碑往南走一点，即能看到“第五泉”石碑和一口古井。

Dear friends hello! Welcome to join our business travel agency zhouzhuang day trip. I am your the zhouzhuang tour guide, my name is, a haze haze. Guide also can call me when you can call me LAN LAN.

We arranged like this is todays schedule, we give priority to with scenic spots in the morning, so after a moment into the scenic spot, first please follow small beatiful visit scenic spots to visit? I can do for you in the process of related sites, because today is Saturday (days), tourists is more, easy to produce crowded, easy to get lost, so small beatiful here again with tight, please make sure you have eaten lunch we will free activities. We are fixed-point dont order a meal for lunch. Below please out his phone and write down my phone number... If got lost, dont be afraid to just call me Ill find you the first time the oh, if I couldnt get through just a few more times. If anyone is not clear? (no) echo before into the scenic spot, we are going to take a free photo first, whats the use of this? It is mainly used for separated from zhouzhuang in residential areas. To facilitate check-in. In front of me also said that today people is more, the team is very much also, queue, so please dont crowded. Patience to wait. If there is anything that xiao zhu where our thoughtlessness, please forgive me.

Good! Here, I give you to introduce our waterfront town, zhouzhuang. We visit today zhouzhuang is located in kunshan city, suzhou, wujiang, Shanghai qingpu at the boundary of three counties, the east is the famous dianshan lake, not far from here by bus to Shanghai grand view garden only need ten minutes. So someone said: "zhouzhuang is a pearl of dianshan lake."

Zhouzhuang, which is a jiangnan ancient town with a history of more than nine hundred years, it has a long tradition, simple morals, ancient architecture, the famous ancient architecture expert who said; "Zhouzhuang is not only a treasure in jiangsu province, and it is a treasure of the country." Chinese Taiwan jinwei magazine called zhouzhuang is "Chinas first water town". After a lot of guests visited zhouzhuang, said: "above there is heaven and below there are suzhou and hangzhou, there is also a zhouzhuang in the middle." To zhouzhuang holds so many buildings in the Ming and qing dynasties and admiration, for "small bridge, flowing water, somebody else" exquisite pattern and dazzled.

Zhouzhuang why called zhouzhuang, we just as its name implies is zhou family estate. Actually, zhouzhuang in the earliest time that once called zhenfengli, nine hundred years ago in the area of ones family name is zhou di lang to donate the two hundred mu built QuanFu temple, the local people in order to commemorate him, once called zhenfengli renamed in zhouzhuang.

Today we mainly visit scenic spots have a hall, shen hall, build, and so on. This rich shen was the hall of shen three thousand estate. When Shen Wanshan use zhouzhuang channel to do foreign trade, foreign to zhouzhuang of rapid economic development, also make the rich themselves. Shen hall for the folk houses. Shen hall is "seven into five gate house", its seven can be divided into three parts, the first is the first part, is the place that greeted her guests; The second, three, four into shen is the second part of the hall, is where the guests; Fifth, six and seven is the third part, is the place where shenyang living. In short, it can use four word can be summed up in three parts: "front desk".

Zhang hall is zhouzhuang one of only a few buildings of Ming dynasty, for jiangsu province key cultural relics protection units. A hall for the Ming dynasty ZhongShanWang managed brother Xu Mengqing offspring. Xu Gujians supposedly named xu hall, why call zhang hall? When it was in the early years of the qing dynasty, the xu decline, will sell the house to the zhang family, was renamed the hall.

Zhouzhuang is belonged to one of the most famous build up. This is why, that is from a pair of words, it was the spring of 1984, Shanghai famous contemporary painter Chen come to zhouzhuang, in a small boat to see the build, feel it brought back memories of childhood. Then, in order to build as the background, create a title for the memory of hometown of painting. Later, the painting along with 37 pieces of his works in the western oil companies in the United States President armando. Hammers name hammer on display in the gallery. This painting caused a great sensation at the time, then, was armand. Hammer with high purchase hide. In the same year in November, Mr Hammer when they visit China, send the painting to the deng xiaoping. In 1985, the painting again after Chen processing become at that time, the UNs first day cover design, favored by stamp collectors and people from all walks of life. By the news media publicity, zhouzhuang town. Chens painting to make the unknown build towards the world. Key bridge is not the key is better than the key, because it opens the door to zhouzhuang and international association of friendship.

The Great Wall, symbolizing China’s ancient civilization, is one of themost famous and grand construction wonders in the world. The building of theGreat Wall first began in the seventh century BC. The first section of wall wasbuilt by the Qi Kingdom and the Chu Kingdom. In Chinese history, there are threeclimaxes of building the Great Wall. They were in the Qin, Han and Mingdynasties. The sections of the wall began to be called the Great Wall in thetime of Qin Shihuang. In order to ward off harassment by the Huns and for theuse of further defensive projects, many sections were linked up and expanded andfinally it was extended into a Great Wall. The total length of the Great Wallwas over 5,000 kilometers long, so in Chinese, we call it “Wan Li Chang Cheng. ”The Qin Great Wall started from Lintao, Gansu Province in the west and ended inLiaodong, Liaoning Province in the east. The second climax of building the GreatWall was in Han Dynasty. In order to ward off the Huns as well as to protect theSilk Road, the Great Wall in Han Dynasty extended towards the west for another5,000 kilometers long to the Lop Nur Lake in today’s Xinjiang . The Han Greatwall started from the Liaodong Peninsula in the east and ended at the foot ofthe Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, with a total length of 10,000 kilometers. Thelast large-scale project on the Great Wall was carried out in the Ming Dynasty.In order to ward off the harassment of the remaining forces of the Yuan and thenewly raised ethnic tribe of “Nu Zhen”, the Great wall had been built. The totallength of the Ming Great Wall was more than 7,000 kilometers from Yalu River inLiaoning Province in the east, to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province in the west.It passes nine cities, provinces and autonomous regions. The functions of theGreat Wall in Chinese history are in four aspects, they are in military,economy, perfect harmony of various nationalities and the friendship betweenAsians and Europeans.

The structures of the Great Wall are the beacon tower and watch tower.Beacon towers were built on both sides of the Wall at the commanding points,which were at the top of the mountains or the twists and turns for makingwarning signals. Whenever the enemy was sighted, fires were lit on the top ofthe beacon tower at night, and the smoke was made during the daytime. Watchtowers were built at regular intervals on the Great Wall itself for watchingover the invading enemy. A watch tower was usually two stories high, and thedefense soldiers lived inside. The ground floor was used for storing weapons andhad a number of windows for archers. The upper floor had battlements, peep holesand apertures for archers. In the middle of the tower there were small livingquarters for the defense soldiers. The watch towers were not only used by thedefending troops to take shelter from the wind, rain and heat, but also to fightand check the enemy’s advance, and store arms and ammunition.

Next I’m very glad to introduce the Badaling section. It was listed as animportant historical monument under special preservation by the Chinesegovernment in 1961 and was listed by the UNESCO as one of the world heritagesites in 1987. The Badaling Great Wall is about 75 kilometers northwest ofBeijing, and it is the best preserved part of the Great Wall. Bada means“convenient transportation to all directions. ”The Great Wall at Badalingaverage 7.8 meters high, 6.5 meters wide at its base, and 5.8 meters on the top,wide enough for five horses or ten soldiers walking abreast on the wall. It hasone side with battlements and the parapet is on the other side. The side withthe battlements is about 2 meters high, and the parapet is one meter high. Theouter side of the Wall is topped with crenellated battlements, and a squaresized hole below for shooting arrows and also for keeping a watch over theenemy. The parapet is on the inner side.

Juyongguan Pass is located 50 kilometers northwest of downtown Beijng.There was a 20-kilomere-long valley called “Guangou Valley” from south to north,with 4 passes along the valley. They were of great strategic importance indefending the national capital, Juyongguan Pass is one of them.

Inside Juyong Pass there is an ancient marble platform known as “CloudTerrace”. It was built in Yuan Dynasty. There used to be three Tibetan stylepagodas built on the terrace with a road passing under it from north to south.Later, when the pagodas were destroyed, a temple was built. However, the templewas burnt down in a fire in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, so only theterrace remained. The Cloud Terrace is 9.5 meters high, 26.8 meters from east towest, 17.6 meters from north to south at the base, and it narrows towards thetop. In the middle edge of the archway, there is a carving of a “golden wingedbird” with the carvings of several animals. Inside the arched passage, there arecarved in relief Buddhist images on the wall. The images of the Four HeavenlyKings, the Buddha of Ten Directions and 1,000 Buddha statues were all carved onthe wall.

Today on the way to Badaling Great Wall, you can see a railway running bythe Badaling Expressway. It is well-known at the Beijing-Zhangjiakou Railway. Itwas the first railway designed and constructed by Chinese itself. Its chiefdesigner was Zhan Tianyou.

he Ming Tombs are 40 kilometers north of Beijing City on the southernslopes of Tianshou Mountain. They are the burial grounds of 13 Ming Dynastyemperors. In July 20___ the site was designated a world cultural heritage siteby UNESCO.

Empress Xu died in the 5th year of Yongle (1407). Zhu Di sent

Zhao Hong, secretary of the Ministry of Rites and a geomancer----LiaoJunqing along with many others to Beijing in search of an auspicious place forthe tombs. It is said that this group of people first selected the area of TuJia Ying, which means slaughter-house, and as such, it couldnt be used as theburial ground. Next they selected the foot of Yangshan Mountain, Changping.However, since the surname of the emperor (Zhu) is a homophone for pig andbecause a village named wolf mouth ravine was located there, they decidedagainst using that area. Later, they found Yan-jiatai west of Beijing. Again,since Yanjia was the homonym of the death of the emperor, it was also deemedunsuitable. It was not until the 7th year of Yongle (1409), that they finallychose the present Heavenly Longevity Mountain as their cemetery grounds.

The whole area covers 40 square kilometers. It has mountains to its east,west and north, and Dragon Mountain and Tiger Mountain are on either side of itssouthern entrance. The 13 tombs go from north to south. They are arranged in themanner of the Imperial Palace, with the administration area in the front andliving quarters in the rear. In front of the tombs are divine passes, stonearchways and steel towers. The Precious City and Ming Tower stand over theUnderground Palace.

There were 16 emperors during the Ming Dynasty. Buried in the Ming tombs,are 13 Ming emperors and 23 empresses, as well as many concubines, princes,princesses and maids. The other 3 emperors, Emperor Zhu Yuanzhang, Zhu Yunwenand Zhu Qiyu are buried in other locations.

The founder of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, established his capital inpresent day Nanjing where he was buried after his death. His tomb is calledXiaoling (Tomb of Filial Piety).

The body of the second emperor of the Ming, Zhu Yunwen, is missing. Somesaid that he died in a fire, while others said that he went to a temple andbecame a monk. There is no final conclusion yet.

The seventh Ming Emperor Zhu Qiyu, was buried as a prince by his elderbrother Zhu Qizhen at Jinshankou, a western suburb of Beijing, because in theTumubao Upheaval, Emperor Zhu Qizhen became a captive and the younger brother ofZhu Qizhen. Zhu Qiyu was chosen as the new emperor, but later Zhu Qizhen wasback and proclaimed his re-enthronement in the Seizing Gate Upheaval.

The Memorial Arch was built in the 19th year of Jiajing (1540) as a symbolof the Ming Tombs. It is 14 meters high and 28. 86 meters wide, and has 5 archessupported by 6 pillars with beautiful bas-relief carvings of lions, dragons andlotus flowers. The Memorial Arch is the biggest and the most exquisite stonearch preserved in the country today. The major designs of dragon and clouddecorations reflect the character of imperial architecture. In addition, it alsodemonstrates the skillful artistry of the Ming craftsmen.

The Big Palace Gate is the front gate of the Ming Tombs, and is morecommonly known as Big Red Gate. Facing south, there are three arch entrances tothe gate, the main inlet to the Ming Tombs. Flanking the gate are two stonetablets, inscribed with orders for the emperor, officials and other people todismount, before entering into the tomb area. If they did not obey, they wouldbe punished for their disrespect. The rules governing the Ming Tombs in the MingDynasty, stipulate that one who sneaks into the tomb area to pick firewood andbreak twigs would be flogged. Those who came to fetch dirt and stone would bebeheaded. Those who entered arbitrarily into the tomb area would be flogged ahundred times.

The Tablet House was built in the 10th year of Xuande (1435), and standsabout 10 meters high with two tiers of eaves. A huge tablet stands in the middleof the Tablet House. The front side bears an inscription by Emperor Renzong forChengzu. The reverse side is a poem by Qing Emperor Qianlong recording in detailthe conditions of the broken Changling, Yongling, Dingling and Xiling. On theeast side is the record of expenditures for repairing the Ming Tombs by the Qinggovernment. On the west side is an epitaph by Qing Emperor Jiaqing. It waswritten in the 9th year of Jiaqing (1804) describing the cause of the fall ofthe Ming Dynasty.

On the north side of the Tablet House, stands a group of stone carvings (36in all). Behind the house, there are two stone pillars. Beyond the pillars arestone animals and other statues. Lions, Xie Zhi, camels, elephants, and Qi Linhorses .All of the animals are in two pairs. Two stand, while the other twokneel. It is followed by the statues of military officers, civil officials andofficials of merit, four in each group. These stone animals and statues weremade in the 10th year of Xuande (1435). They reflect the imperial power when hewas alive and the imperial dignity after he was deceased. The animals andstatues were created using whole blocks of stone weighing a couple of tons andeach was delicately and masterfully carved.

Here stands Ling Xing Gate, also known as the unique Dragon and PhoenixGate, with the meaning of the Gate of Heaven. The gate is pierced with six doorleaves, attached to three archways. The top of the central section of the threearchways is decorated with flames and precious pearl, so it is also known as theFlame Archway. To the north of the Dragon and Phoenix Gate there lays aseven-arch marble bridge, leading to the gate of Changling. To the east of theseven-arch bridge stands an old five-arch bridge, which was the original site ofthe seven-arch bridge.

Actually we are standing on the axle line of the Ming Tombs, otherwiseknown as the Sacred Way or the Tomb path. We passed the Memorial Arch, the BigPalace Gate, the Tablet House, Sacred Way, stone animals and statues, and LingXing Gate. This seven-kilometer long sacred pathway leads from south to north,all the way to the Gate of Changling.

Now, we are moving to Chang Ling. Changling is the first tomb built in theMing Tombs area, covering 10 hectares and containing Emperor Zhu Di and hisempress Xu.

Zhu Di (Chengzu) of the Ming Dynasty was the fourth son of the firstEmperor Zhu Yuanzhang, born in 1360. Zhu Di was conferred the title of theprince of Yan in the 3rd year of Hongwu (1370). He was appointed at Beiping.After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang (the first Ming Emperor), Zhu Di used thepretext of eliminating evil officials at the side of Emperor Jianwen to lead anarmy expedition down south to Nanjing. He seized the throne in the 4th year ofJianwen (1402) and ascended the throne in June inside the Hall of AncestralWorship in Nanjing. Zhu Di was an emperor of outstanding accomplishment in theMing Dynasty. As soon as he became the prince of Yan, he led the generals out tobattle. He had great achievements in calming down the north. After he took overhis nephews power and became the emperor, he still went out to battle throughoutthe country and consolidated the rule of the Ming Dynasty. He made the importantdecision to move the capital to Beijing. During the rule of Zhu Di, magnificentdevelopments were made in the economy, culture and in diplomacy. In terms ofculture, Zhu Di successively sent Grand Academician Xie Jin, Yan Guangxiao andothers to compile the Yongle encyclopedia. The book has become the largest bookever complied in Chinese history. For expanding external exchanges and trade,Zhu Di selected eunuch Zheng He to lead a large fleet filled with precious gold,silver, silk and satins to sail to southeast Asia and Africa seven times in theearly years of Yongle.

Empress Xu was buried together with Emperor Zhu Di in Changling. EmpressXushi was the eldest daughter of Xu Da who was one of the founding fathers ofthe Ming Dynasty. Throughout her lifespan, Xu Shi complied 20 articles ofinternal lectures and a book advising to be good, so as to cultivate peoplesminds. She was the very first one to be buried in Changling and in the Ming Tombarea.

The Hall of Eminent Favor in Changling is the best preserved among thethirteen tombs. It is a valuable relic of ancient Chinas wooden structures. Itis nine rooms wide and five rooms long, a hall size rarely seen in China. Theroof is made of top-class double eaves and there are multiple rooms covered withyellow glazed tiles. The hall is supported by 60 thick Nanmu pillars, the middlefour in the hall are the thickest, the diameter of each one can reach over onemeter. It is known as the best Nanmu (phoebe) hall in the country.

Now we are going to Dinging. Dingling is located at the east foot of DayuMountain. Buried here are the 13th Ming Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) and his twoempresses Xiaoduan and Xiaojing. Zhu Yijun was the longest on the throne of theMing Emperors. (He was emperor for 48 years). He was the greediest and laziestemperor in the Ming Dynasty. Zhu Yijun ascended the throne at the age of 9.After he came to power, he was supported by the chief minister Zhang Juzheng. Atthis time, various aspects of society gained development.

Later ,Zhang Juzheng died of illness. Not long after Wanli managed stateaffairs on his own, he used the chance to select the location for his tomb sitewhen he went to pay homage to the ancestors tombs. He spent eight million taelsof silver (250,000 kilos of silver) and six years to build a high quality tombDingling. After the Dingling was completed, Zhu Yijun personally went to inspectit, and felt very satisfied with the result. He went so far as to hold a grandbanquet in the Underground Palace, which was unheard of in history.

Zhu Yijun was a typical muddle-headed emperor. Reflecting on his reign, hedid not pay attention to state affairs for 28 out of his 48 year rule. The stateorgan was effectively semi-paralyzed during his reign. Later generationscommented that the fall of the Ming dynasty was caused by this emperor.

Zhu Yijun had two empresses. Empress Xiaojing was originally a maid ofWanlis mother Cisheng. Later she gave birth to a son of the emperor. That sonwas the one-month emperor Guangzong (Zhu Changluo). She died of illness 9 yearsearlier than Shenzong died. She was buried as a concubine at Pinggangdi, aroundthe east pit, at the Heavenly Longevity Mount. After Xiaojing was conferred thetitle of “grandmother of the emperor”, her body was moved to the UndergroundPalace of Dingling, and buried together with Emperor Wanli and Empress Xiaoduanon the same day. Xiaoduan was conferred the title of empress, but she could notgive birth to either a son or a daughter to the emperor. Xiaoduan died ofillness. A hundred days later, Emperor Wanli (Zhu Yijun) died too. EmpressXiaoduan, Emperor Wanli, and Empress Xiaojing were buried together in theUnderground Palace.

The tablet in front of Dingling has no words on it. It is called thewordless tablet. There is a pair of coiling dragons along the top and a patternof sea waves carved on the bottom. Its base is composed of a tortoise (Bixi). Itis said that the dragon has nine sons. In twelve of the Ming Tombs, excludingChangling, all the tablets are wordless. Originally there were no tablet housesin front of the Tombs, but later the tablet houses and steeles of the first sixtombs were completed. But the emperor Jiajing at the time indulged in drinking,lust and searching for longevity pills, so he had no time to pay attention onthe inscriptions. Consequently the six tablets are wordless. And in keeping withthis tradition, that’s why the tablets later on are also blank.

Now we are arriving at The Gate of Eminent Favor and the Hall of EminentFavor of Dingling, The Hall of Eminent Favor is also called Hall of Enjoyment.It was the place where the emperor and his entourage held grand sacrificialrites. They were mostly destroyed when the Qing soldiers came. And they weredestroyed again later, so now only the ruins remain.

Moving on, this is the exhibition rooms that were built after theexcavation of the Underground Palace. The exhibition explains in detail thehistory of the tomb master and introduces the tomb excavation process. Theexhibition rooms are divided into two parts, the south and the north. In thesouth room, on display are the sacrificial objects of Emperor Wanli unearthedfrom the Underground Palace. In the north room, on display are the sacrificialitems of the two empresses. All of then are fancy and invaluable.

Now we arrive at The Soul Tower, this is the symbol of the tomb. It is astone structure with colorful painted decorations. The Soul Tower and thePrecious citadel of Dingling have never been damaged seriously. The Soul Toweris the best preserved architecture above the ground of Dingling. On top of theyellow, glazed tiled roof of the Soul Tower sits a big stone tablet. Two Chinesecharacters----Dingling, are carved on the tablet. Inside the Soul Tower, on topof another stone tablet, there are two big characters----the Great Ming writtenin seal characters. On the body of the tablet, seven Chinese characters-----Tombof Emperor Shenzong Xian are carved. The Soul Tower is connected with thePrecious Citadel. The Precious Citadel is a large round wall built with bricks.The Precious Citadel wall is 7.5 m high, and lower part is thick while the upperpart is thin. The round walls perimeter is over 800 meters, and inside the wallis a large artificial mound, the emperors tomb mound, known as Precious Top.

Dingling is the only Ming Tomb to be excavated. Formal excavation workstarted in May 1956 and ended in 1958. First, the working personnel discoveredan exposed gateway at the side wall to the southwest of the Precious Citadel ofDingling. So they dug the first tunnel facing the position of the gateway. Atthe bottom of the tunnel, they discovered a tunnel made of bricks. Three monthslater, along the direction of the tunnel, to the west of the Soul Tower, theydug the second tunnel. During the digging, they encountered with a stone tabletwhich inscribed the words from here 48. 8m forward and 10. 7m downward lies theprecious wall. Therefore it gave the correct direction of opening up theUnderground Palace.

According to the direction of the stone tablet, after digging the thirdtunnel, they found a stone tunnel. At last they got to the precious wall. Thusthey opened the precious wall with a square stone room. To the west end of theroom, lay two marble doors. The working personnel used a wire and wood plank toremove the self-acting stone bar, which was against the back of the door. Withthis method, they opened the entrance of the Underground Palace.

The palace has no beam which was built according to the principles ofgeomancy Altogether there are five chambers. The chambers are separated by sevenmarble doors. The Underground Palace is 27 meters deep, covering an area of1,195 square meters. There is a same structure stone door in between the front,middle and rear chambers. The door is made of marble. The biggest marble door is3. 3 meters high, 1.7 meters wide, 4 tons in weight. It looks heavy, but it isreasonably designed. The pivot of the stone door is inclined to the door axle,so the door is easy to open and close. On top of the door is a lintel (made ofbronze) tube weighing about 10 tons to prevent the door from falling. Carved onthe front of the marble door are 9 rows of 81 knobs and strange animals withrings in their mouths. Located on the reverse side, opposite the animals, is aprotruding section that holds the doors self-acting stone bar.

The front and middle chambers are 7. 2 meters high and 6 meters wide. Thefloor is covered with gold bricks. According to records, the gold bricks aresmooth and durable. The more you polish them, the brighter they become. Thereare no decorations in the front and two annex chambers. In the middle chamber,there are three marble thrones for Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses, known asthe precious thrones. In the front of the thrones, there are five yellow glazedofferings and one blue-and-white porcelain jar of Jiajing Years style with acloud-and-dragon design. It is about 0.7 meters in diameter. Originally therewas sesame oil in the jar. On the surface of the oil was a copper tube with awick inside. It is called the everlasting lamp. Due to the lack of oxygen, thelight went out so the oil had not been used all.

The rear chamber is the biggest of the three. It is 9.5 meters high, 31meters long, 9.l meters wide, the floor is paved with polished stones. In therear chamber, there is a coffin platform edged with white marble. Placed on theplatform are the coffins of Emperor Wanli and his two Empresses as well as 26vermilion boxes filled with funeral objects.

In the middle of the coffin platform, there is a rectangular hole filledwith soil called Gold Well. Putting jade stone around the coffin or inside thecoffin or in the mouth of the deceased is called being buried with jade. Ancientpeople believed Gold Well was the pit of geomancy. It could prevent the bodyfrom decay for a long time. Being buried with jade on a Gold Well was thehighest standard of entombment one could receive in the feudal era.

Originally the empresss coffin should have been placed in the rear chamber.Then why were the coffins of the two empresses also in the same chamber as theemperors? In 1620, first empress Xiaoduan died in April, then in July EmperorWanli also died. After that, the son of Zhu Changluo died 29 days after hissuccession. In only a few months, two emperors and one empress had died insuccession. In addition they had removed Empress Xiaojings coffin to Dingling.All the burdens of the funeral burials fell on the just enthroned Emperor ZhuYoujian. The preparation work was done in a hurried fashion (this was clearlyrecorded in historical documents). The rainy season had already arrived beforethe funeral could occur and the passage leading to the empress annex chamber maynot have been convenient to open. So the coffins of the emperor, empresses allentered the Underground Palace through the front entrance. After the coffinsentered the Underground Palace, since the passage to the annex chambers werenarrow, the coffins of the empresses would not fit through it. So they had toput all the three coffins together into the rear chamber.

Now please follow me out of the underground palace. And our tour for todayis completed. I hope you have found our time together informative and enjoyable.We now have half an hour for a rest, and then we will get together here at4:00pm. Thank you.

Badaling this name, when the earliest poet in the jin liu ying long poems in the late badaling, on my computer screen is "and" badaling ". The yuan dynasty, here say "north", and nankou in relative terms. Living in suburb of Beijing ChangPing County from nankou to north mouth, canyon, that grow in the middle is a 40 famous canyon in the Great Wall of juyongguan, therefore this glen was named "gap". The badaling crests of ditch north end of the top.

By named "eight DaLing" homophonic. By cascading mountains in this area, the rugged, built the Great Wall is said to be here to turn eight curved, over eight big mountains, in those days to build the Great Wall is very difficult, time limit for a project has been slow to finish, has eight supervisors to die for it. Finally through the enlightenment of fairy, take "city eight method", namely "tiger with bridle sheep back saddle, the swallow bit mudskipper a shoulder, stone turtle carry a rabbit guide, the magpies bridge ice shop stack", to carry building materials in the mountains. So people would call this period of the Great Wall "eight DaLing Great Wall", then place names homophonic into "badaling".

By named "bada ridge" homophonic. From the yuan dynasty, there was a call to this "bada she walked" emperor, see here the mountain steep, lofty mountain jade green, so much yue, given to the name "bada ridge", after the myth of "badaling". But access to the recorded every emperor, Chinese emperors timelines and other historical materials, all with the yuan dynasty had called "bada she walked" the emperor, but there is a call love bada Li Ba force, his fourth is the yuan dynasty emperor injong. Yanqing county is where he was born in badaling.

By named "the tatar" homophonic. Once rumored in the Ming dynasty, the badaling area to become defensive in the forefront of the manchu troops, hetuvidya han Chinese northeast of the manchu people referred to as "tartars", so some people think that the badaling is "give Tartary (guard) of the mountain of Tartary.

By named "eight ridge" homophonic. Legend of the late Ming dynasty li rate army uprising in to this, they blocked, the article analyzes anxiously. When the qing, said there are eight XianGuan ahead. Article analyzes listen with a sigh: "the eight ridge here is really difficult to cross, storm appears to be no way!" So command uprising army diverted, then here is called the "eight ridge".

More than four is definite no written records, difficult to textual research. In fact the most trusted, should be in "changan guest words" explanation: "road, convenient." Because the badaling is the mouth outside juyongguan, north to yanqing, akagi, Mongolia, west datong, zhangjiakou, shore, xuanhua, east to yongning, universal, south to changping, Beijing and other regions, is convenient, so it is a important traffic arteries and ancient defense outpost, known as the "Beijing north first barrier".

In 1982, the badaling as Beijing badaling - an important part of the Ming tombs scenic areas, by the state council approved the first batch of state-level scenic spot list.

As the saying goes: "above there is heaven and below there are suzhou and hangzhou." When it comes to hangzhou, you will think of a bright pearl - the west lake.

"The peach willow, clip to plant. The west lake TaoGongLiuLu of spring. The beauty of the peach blossom laugh red in the face; Green LiuShuChang out of the new green leaves; Lovely songbirds sing the songs of pleasant; Lots and lots of water birds came to the west lake having children. A vibrant spectacle.

"Infinite blue day lotus plants, should be, lotus another red." Qu yuan the wind and the city is the best place to watch lotus: lotus leaf to get package, like a big disc, lotus from between these large disk, some just LiangSanPian petals; Some petals fully opened, revealing one tender Huang Sen small lotus; Sometimes or others, looks full bilge is about to burst.

Autumn autumn extra special. With the fragrance of osmanthus opened. A gust of wind blowing, fragrance drifting with the wind, the scent of osmanthus asperses full of every corner. "Three lalu captures month" is the classic of the west lake is ablaze. When the lunar August 15, can see the big and small, true 32 of the moon.

"Qing lake lake dont like rain, and as yuehu lake, moon lake lake than snow." The snow in the winter of the west lake. Broken bridge cx city of the west lake of a beautiful winter. Broken bridge in the cx "broken bridge" why called "broken bridge"? He is very strange, the location of the original south snow melt faster, so is the constant residual snow bridge.

Song of the west lake at the four seasons, played many deep feeling!

New Yuanming Palace in the 2nd February 1997 formally completed and opened, it is located in the zhuhai jiuzhou avenue stone forest mountain, covers an area of 1.39 square kilometers, is the manuscript with the old Summer Palace in Beijing, according to the proportion of 1:1 selected the old Summer Palace built 18 of 40 landscape scene, investment 600 million yuan, is one of the first 4 a grade scenic spot in China. It is surrounded on three sides by mountains and faces the south smooth and broad, fortunas lake water area of 80000 square meters.

New Yuanming Palace concentrated represent the grand momentum of yuanmingyuan imperial garden in Beijing, all landscape architecture are built according to the size of the original copy. Hall "legitimate", "taking jiuzhou qing", "peng YaoTai island", "penghu-glance wonderful scenery of" central axis for the royal palace buildings, central axis to the west is "the concept of well ying", "haiyantang" and "(" sea bright garden scenic area, around the breeze-ruffled lotus beside," skylight "up and down," the foundation ", "song music" and so on more than 10 Chinese jiangnan garden landscape architecture. It with its strong qing culture, fine elegant chic pavilion, table, floor, cabinet and majestic big dance performance attracts numerous tourists both at home and abroad.

The second opium war in 1860, British and French troops invaded Beijing, thought xianfeng emperor is still in the old Summer Palace, to the old Summer Palace as the attack target. Xianfeng, in fact as early as before the British and French troops into Beijing led a group of ministers to escape the jehol. The invaders into the palace to see solemn temple, magnificent pavilions, secluded gardens, immediately began to rob up. According to historical records, an intruder after entering the palace, also dont know what thing, have lost the gold, silver, in order to set with jewelry jade works of art, and he had lost his gold. Priceless porcelain and enamels, because too big cant move out, should be broken. Coalition after robbing the old Summer Palace is still not satisfied, and that can only be made in China and burning yuanmingyuan emperor shaking, biggest hits, so the British soldiers in their support of the government and public opinion to burning yuanmingyuan. In October 1860 a generation of famous finally reduced to ashes under the fire of the invaders. In human cultural history of the old Summer Palace burnt loss is immeasurable, the invaders not only destroyed the unique gardens in the world, and the large number of precious cultural relics and plunder abroad, a generation of famous only ruins left. Qing emperor after several generations, though still wanted to rebuild yuanmingyuan, but eventually because of domestically, national strength is insufficient, reconstruction have to fall by the wayside.

New Yuanming Palace combines classical imperial complex, jiangnan classical gardens, buildings and western buildings as a whole, for visitors to show the prosperous time qing dynasty elegance. West park, is the noble temperament of western buildings, white marble, delicate inside adornment, let you as if place oneself in Europe in the ancient palace.

Temple fair, jiuzhou feast scenic area layout solemn, founder, reflect the royal style, or show harem and free from vulgarity temperament; Yellow colored glaze appearance grand; Green coloured glaze is full of vitality; Purple coloured glaze spirits to ward off bad luck, it is no wonder that emperor qianlong had "carved painting, complacent hin huts meaning".

Ming new park has many tourists to participate in activities, ornamental. "Legitimate" emperor began to reign; "Jiuzhou characters" adaptation; "The song in" jiangnan silk; "Penghu-glance scenic spot" imperial concubines, wedding. "Qianlong jiangnan" swim airdropping lake big parade, visitors can experience to ride the dragon boat when "emperor", "the queen" feeling; A garden teahouse, lounge, book galleries, performances of folk artists to make you feel the Chinese culture has a long history. The garden every day "emperor", "qing dynasty palace anecdotes" and "imperial concubines" program performance, visitors can see the qing court etiquette.

Good friends！ Now， we have reached the famous three gorges of the Yangtze river， which lies between chongqing and hubei in the upper reaches of the Yangtze river， which is the general name of qutang gorge， wuxia and xiling gorge. And the scenery here.

The three gorges dam is 200 kilometers long， and you can see that there are continuous mountains on both sides. There is no gap in the mountain， such as a green dragon. The mountains rise above the clouds， blocking the sun and locking the sky into a band. If it hadnt been for noon， not even the sun would have seen it！

The three gorges is a "multi—scene" place. Throughout the year， the place has a unique beauty that you can appreciate. In the summer， the water is huge， the current is turbulent， it is a kind of unrestrained beauty. But for safety reasons， be careful. Autumn， it is a kind of sad beauty， every morning with frost， there is the ape that the cry cry， really is a tear—jerker.

If you are a person who enjoys the beauty of beauty， it is time！ On spring day like today， it shows the beauty of the three gorges. Here is like the snow of the rapids and the green deep pool， the roundabout the reflection of the shadow of the world， the visitors can look down in order to see， there is the reflection of the sun！ On the peaks on either side of you there are many strange cypresses， very interesting. Now， we have a waterfall in front of us. The water is flowing through the water， it is the aesthetic feeling that spring in elegant. All right， as the boat moves forward， we will enjoy the beautiful scenery of the water qingshu and the mountain high grass.

Happy times always go so fast that our trip is over. May the journey of the three gorges project leave a wonderful memory in your heart. Goodbye！

Everybody is good! Now we came to the headwaters of the Yangtze river three gorges, it is divided into the qutang gorge, wu gorge and xiling. The sons of li bai in the three gorges once wrote "the early onset treasure", then the poem is widely circulated, people also full of love, for the three gorges today let us to go to the beautiful three gorges.

In the three gorges, just have to say this mountain here, it has the majestic mount tai, huangshan has completed, have the beauty of the fragrant hills. Now we look, on both sides is the continuous mountains, deftly will keep out the sun; The outline of darkness in zhongshan. It is said that only in the midday and midnight to see the sun and the moon. Upon the high mountain, towering old trees, jagged. Mountain stream between hanging a white satin, jet whipping, we can feel the face is covered with layers of water vapor. In the mountains, the lush jungle, river boat, does not have a poetic.

The quiet of the three gorges water without the west lake, also no turbidity of the Yangtze river, is various. The summer, the river water rose, will be a hillock blackish green jade river is an organic whole repeatedly, if in the spring and winter, heres another amorous feelings! Ok, I not much said, or listening to the sounds of virtual, seeing is believing, you to witness the most beautiful of the three gorges together!

介绍故宫的英文导游词范文

Dear:

Lying at the center of Beijing， the Forbidden City， called Gu Gong， in Chinese， was the imperial palace during the Ming and Qing dynasties. Now known as the Palace Museum， it is to the north of Tiananmen Square. Rectangular in shape， it is the world‘s largest palace complex and covers 74 hectares. Surrounded by a six meter deep moat and a ten meter high wall are 9，999 buildings. The wall has a gate on each side. Opposite the Tiananmen Gate， to the north is the Gate of Devine Might (Shenwumen)， which faces Jingshan Park. The distance between these two gates is 960 meters， while the distance between the gates in the east and west walls is 750 meters. There are unique and delicately structured towers on each of the four corners of the curtain wall. These afford views over both the palace and the city outside. The Forbidden City is divided into two parts. The southern section， or the Outer Court was where the emperor exercised his supreme power over the nation. The northern section， or the Inner Court was where he lived with his royal family. Until 1924 when the last emperor of China was driven from the Inner Court， fourteen emperors of the Ming dynasty and ten emperors of the Qing dynasty had reigned here. Having been the imperial palace for some five centuries， it houses numerous rare treasures and curiosities. Listed by UNESCO as a World Cultural Heritage Site in 1987， the Palace Museum is now one of the most popular tourist attractions world wide.

Construction of the palace complex began in 1407， the 5th year of the Yongle reign of the third emperor of the Ming dynasty. It was completed fourteen years later in 1420. It was said that a million workers including one hundred thousand artisans were driven into the long-term hard labor. Stone needed was quarried from Fangshan， a suburb of Beijing. It was said a well was dug every fifty meters along the road in order to pour water onto the road in winter to slide huge stones on ice into the city. Huge amounts of timber and other materials were freighted from faraway provinces. Ancient Chinese people displayed their very considerable skills in building the Forbidden City. Take the grand red city wall for example. It has an 8.6 meters wide base reducing to 6.66 meters wide at the top. The angular shape of the wall totally frustrates attempts to climb it. The bricks were made from white lime and glutinous rice while the cement is made from glutinous rice and egg whites. These incredible materials make the wall extraordinarily strong.

Since yellow is the symbol of the royal family， it is the dominant color in the Forbidden City. Roofs are built with yellow glazed tiles; decorations in the palace are painted yellow; even the bricks on the ground are made yellow by a special process. However， there is one exception. Wenyuange， the royal library， has a black roof. The reason is that it was believed black represented water then and could extinguish fire.

Nowadays， the Forbidden City， or the Palace Museum is open to tourists from home and abroad. Splendid painted decoration on these royal architectural wonders， the grand and deluxe halls， with their surprisingly magnificent treasures will certainly satisfy "modern civilians".

I walk in the road, the following hatosy park will take in everything in a glance. Clear hatosy seems endless, little small boats gliding slowly moving on the surface of the lake, like only cute little ducks play in the water. My temper is very urgent, generally to hatosy. Can see hatosy water green, LanYingYing, pieces of the leaves fall in the river, dressed beautiful hatosy already more appealing. The only fish in the water happily, watching it all, seem to see the ancient official - bao zheng. Bao handle affairs justice, integrity, remain uncorrupted, never accept a little wealth.

We move on. I walked, while watching the river. In the backdrop of the sun, hatosy like put on a studded gold piece silver piece of coat, still shining! On one side of the weeping willows the river as a mirror, carefully washed with jade hand wash and dress her long hair, the whole hatosy look more beautiful in the park.

Of course, to hatosy park, rowing is indispensable. Its not my uncle had just paid the deposit, I cant wait to climb on the ship. Im sitting in the drivers position, a hand wheel, one hand on the door, blowing straight cool wind, simply means defect! "Click" sound, uncle, my hatosy and willow left aside.

This trip to hatosy park, let my life aftertaste!

Hello everyone!

Confucius said, "it is a pleasure to have friends coming from afar." first, please allow me to extend a warm welcome to all of you on behalf of nanjing China travel agency. My name is wang. Im the tour guide. Can do for you guide is my pleasure, I and the driver Mr. Wang must service for you, try our best to meet your request, help you solve the problems and difficulties, spirits, to everyone needs. I hope that through my introduction, the ancient and beautiful nanjing will make a memorable impression. I wish you a pleasant journey!

Now I will give you a brief introduction to nanjing. Nanjing, or nanjing, is located in the lower reaches of the Yangtze river and is located in the golden belt of the lower Yangtze river. The area of nanjing city is about 6,597 square kilometers, with a population of nearly 8 million and a total of 11 districts and counties. It is the center of politics, economy and culture of the whole province. Climate is subtropical climate, four distinct seasons, is a very ideal tourist attraction.

Nanjing has a long history and is one of the four ancient capitals of Ming dynasty. There are "jiangnan beauties, jinling empire state" reputation. It has been more than 2,400 years since the king goujian established the "yue cheng" in 472 BC. In history, the official construction of the city began with the eastern wu sun quan, and later the eastern jin, song, qi, liang and Chen have all been established. Therefore, nanjing is known as "the ancient capital of six dynasties". Since then, the southern tang, taiping army and the republic of China have also built the capital, so nanjing has another ten dynasties.

In todays reform and opening up, nanjings economy is booming, nanjing in developing tourism, nanjing has become a comprehensive industrial base in east China, pillar industries include: electronics, auto industry, petrochemical industry, steel, electricity. Nanjing is increasing the infrastructure of the city and improving the hard environment of foreign investment in nanjing. Nanjing is also a national garden city, a national excellent tourist city, a national health city and so on. Nanjing has more than 200 tourist attractions, attracting many domestic and international tourists. Nanjings urban features are: "human and green" as one. Therefore, nanjing will become a modern international humanistic and green city with more dynamic economic development, distinct cultural features, more beautiful living environment and more harmonious society.

Midsummer night, the breeze stroke. Blessed night canal, immersed in the culture...

To dock at the beginning of "white water rafting water paradise, the ancient canal" in under the irradiation of the neon particularly eye-catching. The darkness of the black color water qing Yin and silence, occasionally ripples slightly wrinkled. Water overflow, boat poised to sail. Look at the riverside graceful willow branches, showing light ink mark, clear and exquisite. So clever outline, have another wonderful flavor.

Suzhou plenty of water, bridge, its exactly. A little later, a stone bridge and eyes, is full of moss more foil the old age to it. Qingfengdian to xu, feel fresh. Hike up the light rain! The rain has a "stained clothing to wet heng fa chuen rain" lasting appeal, small and cool and refreshing, in the sun of summer, it is very satisfying.

Wait for a ship through the panlong bridge, suddenly eyes a bright, like a lifetime ago. Light bright, colourful. Bright river immediately. Gold was gently knead broken, sprinkled on the lake, suddenly come, suddenly spread out again. In the dark of the night, full hand in photograph reflect, showing a soared to the charm of gravel.

On both sides, green trees, colorful colorful lights, as they put on colourful chardonnay. A group of a group. Like a fairy carefree, flying in the clear in the heart.

Ever seen they yiyi, smell water the flowers. Ship into the bottom of the bridge, amazed, the little tunnel in the marble piers, elegantly carved stone,, with fine carved with suzhous historical allusion, let a person really feel into history, as if into the time tunnel.

Look at shore past white wall tiles, pavilions, layer cascade folds, is like a mirage fata, blurred.

And the day of the familiar city of shadow, but the auspicious light tower is different. The gold of the auspicious set off in the river, warm. Like a deep blue sky, like bright sunflower flowers, just like the boundless seedling beds...

I do not know when to ship the ring lute string sound. The original has quietly started to suzhou pingtan performance. A melancholy one thousand piece of the present paper arrives at an inter pretation that piece is pure and fresh and circulating "jasmine", a song resonant "white snake", every word, every, every music, were revealed in suzhou elegant breath.

This song, so beautiful!

Looking back, again remind of the morning in a hurry through the ancient canal, the west, ling, silver, seem to be so quiet, wen wan, the trees on both sides of the bath ChenHui, only occasionally a string of bell rung, then a silence. In young dawn, sweet and soft. However, in the night is deep, the water is so lively, full of modern flavor. However, it is beautiful!

Will pull in to shore, finished product sip "biluochun" tea, then set foot on the deck. Dark again after fall, to remember this affair tenderness of the water in the river, back to a again a each have Bridges to the legend, like a dream. Leave the dock, in my dream. The rain has stopped, only the night a star I do not know when residual inlaid star...

Today, we "wolong guide club" came to the beautiful and magical lijiang, lijiangs many historical and cultural heritage, is the famous lijiang seven big temple, namely Wen Fengsi, fu temple, mountain.analysis, jade peak temple, refers to the cloud temple, XingHua temple and temple. Secondly, north YueMiao, since the ancient jiao group, three saint palace, longquan temple building is also famous. So that the central plains culture and local national culture and the combination of the characteristics of Tibetan culture.

From the lijiang ancient city 15 kilometers north-west, is the snowy jade dragon snow mountain. ShanZiDou xiaojin jade dragon snow mountain, elevation five thousand five hundred and ninety-six meters, into the blue sky, north and south of yulong thirteen peak looks like a dragon of suspension, it not only grand century, and tall and beautiful, modelling is exquisite, also over time and alternation of rain or shine, the landscape also fickle, and sometimes the cloud steaming fog chung, jade dragon at hidden, and sometimes glimmering pearls like water, cloudless, peaks as been taken scrub, glittering and translucent silver, anti yao, sometimes, a jade belt waist, xuefeng glistening white above, gangluan green below. Oriental YuXiao, peak early morning, colorful sunglow reflects the xuefeng, snow is flushed and diffused green flashing; In the evening the afterglow dye xuefeng like donning the GongSha, clouds with the sunset glow strange color, FeiGui GuHe between peak, the playing of a musical, infinite changes.

The jinsha river, we will also see spectacular tiger leaping gorge, it is made up of jinsha river split jade dragon snow mountain and haba snow mountain. Tiger leaping gorge 17 km, up and down drops two hundred meters, the river on both sides of the xuefeng by more than three thousand meters, its potential breathtaking absolute, terrifying spirits, in the tiger leaping gorge at the entrance of upper reaches of the Yangtze river, there is a stone lying jiangxin, only 30 meters wide torrent from stones on both sides of the passing through, the murmured in blasting, whitewater, legend tigers often rely on jiangxin boulders onto the other side, so the tiger leaping gorge.

On looking at gorge, gorge in the mind. Therefore down to the river beach, cross-strait cliff sew crowded into a high day, great river squeezed more than 30 meters wide, the river on the lists of the five meters across the tiger jump stone, the water like an arrow, this is the tiger jump. Big holes on the east side, there is the ancient rock paintings, animal image.

Look from the gorge on jade dragon mountain, like heaven battlements. River gently, like RouJing girl, but a into the throat and surf boats, become violent of angry men. Tiger the first to jump, a falling organ Gao Kan for the ribbons, candy on both sides of cliffs qingtian, forming two giant shek mun, a tiger jump of triangular stands of stone, jinsha rivers from now on their way out of it, leaped over Gao Kan, take trend and breaking down and Gao Kan, wave qian wan, swing back. Look at the scene, terrifying. Forward, soon see all over the sky star beach, beach, half a mile long, reefs, ManJiangYin waves, murmured in blasting, looks like the Milky Way stars, so its name. Whole gorge have such dangerous shoals 18, on average less than a mile there is a pool. O to tells the middle valley of chang, walnut orchard village have simple family house for room and board. Dozens of family houses are covered with green flag, like at the same place and elegantly map hanging on the wall. Go away from the village went to the river, to the risks, strange tiger jumped in. See the Lao trees stand, dangerous shore four shrugged, the clouds cover day, wave cragginess tiger jumped stone like ghosts play. Riptide reef, crystal empty empty, rough roar, e.g.

Lijiang ancient city with a long history, of primitive simplicity is picturesque, the capacity of water, and the appearance of mountain city, there is water in the city, in the mountain city, the city of mountain, landscape, road to freedom, deep lanes, along the river, willows breeze water ` ` ` ` ` ` ` deserves to be Chinas famous historical and cultural city, a world cultural heritage.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We will visit the symbol of Chinas civilization-the Great Wall. It is one of the famous, grand and splendid ancient construction wonders in the world. It is just like a giant dragon in the northern part of China.

Construction of the Great Wall first began in the seventh century BC. At that time it was also called Spring and Autumn Warring States Period. The first wall that appeared in China was built by Kingdom Qi and Kingdom Chu. At that time, the kingdoms in order to defend themselves against the infringing enemy from own territories for self-protection. These high walls were the primitive type of the present day Great Wall.

In Chinese history, large-scale construction of the Great Wall was concentrated in three dynasties, they are Qin, Han and Ming dynasties.

In 221BC, Qin Shihuang unified China; he decided to link up all the separated high walls built by different kingdoms into the Great Wall. The Qin Great Wall started from Lintao, Gansu Province in the west and ended in Liaodong, Liaoning Province in the east, over 500 kilometers long.

The second large-scale construction on the Great Wall was carried out during the Han Dynasty. Apart from maintaining and utilizing the Qin Great Wall, they built an outer Great Wall about 500 kilometers to the north of the Qin Great Wall in order to ward off the Huns. They also had the Great Wall ectended towards the west for another 5000 kilometers long. The Han Great Wall started from Liaodong in the east to the Lop Nur Lake in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with a total length of 10,000 kilometers.

The last large-scale project on the Great wall was carried out in the Ming Dynasty. That is because the dethroned Mongol Yuan ruler still had the remnant forces and often made counterattack to Beijing, as well as the threats of newly raised ethnic tribe of “Nv Zhen”。 So started from the first year after Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty. The whole project took more than 200 years to complete. The total lenth of the Ming Great Wall was more than 6,000 kilometers from Yalu River in Liaoning Province in the east to Jiayuguan Pass in Gansu Province in the west. It passes nine cities, provinces and autonomous regions of Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Ningxia and Gansu.

The Great Wall, we see today, in Beijing is mainly the Ming Grest Wall. There was a 20-kilometer long valley named “Nankou, Juyongguan, Shangguan and Badaling”。 Juyongguan Pass was one of the important passes along the valley, and also one of the most famous passes of the Great Wall. The name “Juyong” in Chinese means “a place of poor laborers”。

Today we will visit the Badaling Great Wall, it is about 75 kilometers northwest of Beijing, and it is the best-preserved part of the Great Wall. Bada means in English “convenient transportation to all directions”。 It used to be more important than Juyong Pass in the defence of Beijing. The Badaling Great Wall averages 7.8 meters high, 6.5meters wide at its base, and 5.8 meters wide on the top, wide enough for five horses or ten soldiers walking abreast on the wall.

The highest point at Badaling is about 800-1,000 meters above the sea level. Here at Badaling section is with single side battlements while the parapet is on the other side. The outer of the wall is topped with crenellated battlements, which is about 2 meters high and with a square sized hole below for shouting arrows and also for keeping a watch over the enemy, while the parapets about 1 meter high is on the inner side.

Buildings on both sides of the wall at the commanding points, the top of the mountains or the turns are beacon towers. The beacon towers were used for makong signal of warning messages when the enemy was sighted. Fires were lit on the top of the beacon towers at night and the smoke signals in daytime. And the number of the fire and smoke signals could signify the number of invading enemies.

The watch-towers are lovated at regular intervals on the Great Wall for watching over the invading enemy, and it is usually of two stories. The ground floor was used to store weapons and had a number of window for archers. The upper floor has battlements, peep-holes and appertures for archers.

Today the Great Wall has lost its signifivance in defending the enemy, but in ancient times the Great Wall was not noly a strong defensive project but also played a very important role in military, economy and served as a link in promoting harmonious relationship among the nationalities for the whole country. Today, the Great Wall has become a famous tourist attraction in the world.