沂蒙山英文导游词
现存的沂蒙文物古迹近千处。主要有古人类遗址、古文化遗址、古代建筑、古代石刻、名人故居等。
蒙山,古称“东蒙”,又名“云蒙”,是沂蒙山区最高大的山脉。它横跨费县、平邑、沂南、蒙阴四县,东西长约150华里,南北宽30华里。蒙山有三主峰:东面海拔1001米的叫望海楼,旧称东蒙;中间海拔1026米的叫挂心橛子,又叫云蒙;最为险峻的是西边海拔1156米的龟蒙顶。
在龟蒙顶的南山根,有颛臾国遗址。据史书记载,周王封伏羲氏的后裔在此建国,负责祭礼蒙山,叫做颛臾,附属于鲁国。传说颛臾王在蒙山下的万寿宫举行过祭礼蒙山的典礼,后来,人们就在这里修建了一座庙宇,叫做谒蒙祠,这就是郦道元在《水经注》上所说的“蒙祠”。
从万寿宫起步,穿过一片茂密的树林,走约二里,有一小河,河上有断桥,桥头石碑上刻着“迎仙桥”三个大字,相传朝气隆皇帝就是跨过此桥登上龟蒙顶的。
从迎仙桥上行三里到桃花峪。传说战国时代的军事家孙膑就是在这里跟鬼谷子学习军事的,鬼谷子见孙膑为人忠厚,办事牢靠,曾让他在此处看管过桃园。穿越桃花峪,过了红门,就到了行宫。这里避风向阳,幽静雅致。踏着石阶,步上平台,平台上有行宫庙宇。出了行宫往上走,山势越来越陡峭,使人一步三喘,名回马岭,因为无论多矫健的马,到此也必须折回。登上回马岭行不多远,便听得山风呼啸,松涛阵阵,只见前面一块黑黝黝的巨石,象一只张牙舞爪的怪兽挡住去路,这就是有名的黑风口。
在黑风口北望,通过一道山豁可看到下面的万丈深谷。再向上经过小风门、大风门等隘口,脚下的山径就完全掩盖在松柏荒草之中了。拨开荒草,走出地形复杂的十八拐,令人豁然开朗的南天门便呈现在眼前。南天门上面的九龙宫观音殿,是一幢五间房的石头庙,石墙、石柱、石梁、石檩,连屋顶也是石板铺的。
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篇1:英文导游词范文
"The filled with clouds, Trinidad jiangling also on the 1st. On both sides of the YuanSheng crow, boats already past thousands of mountains". This is a known "early onset treasure". This poem describes is the beautiful three gorges scenery.
Let us stepping the ancient charm, close to the nature, to see the beautiful scenery of the three gorges!!!!
The three gorges is the floorboard of the qutang gorge, wu gorge and xiling. Between the yichang of hubei province and chongqing fengjie Yangtze river. The three gorges scenery, beautiful, grand and risks, quiet and beautiful. This is really make people intoxicated in it! The mountain of the three gorges, continuous, canopy; The three gorges water, fast water rises, blocking the traffic. Winter, spring water pool back clear, beautiful scenery; In autumn, when the water is cold and dry gas apes sound sad. Of the author, scenery beautiful, fishermans song apes birds cry fall, all reflect the beauty of the the broken pieces back together!
Now let us into the three gorges, use our hearts to feel the beauty of the broken pieces back together!
篇2:2025年湖北明显陵的导游词
大家伙~
显陵自修建至今已近 500 年了,期间经历数次劫难。其中最大上的一次即明代末年李自成农民起义。1643年冬,李自成大军攻陷承天府(即钟祥),拆毁朱家的家庙,并欲挖掘显陵地宫。据说正准备开挖前地宫时,恰遇雷电交加。有迷信思想的李自成心有疑惧,未敢动土,便放火烧毁陵内所有木制结构的建筑作罢。如今科学探测证明显陵地宫保存完好,从未被盗过,这也从侧面反映了此地民风纯朴,相信将来的某一天,显陵地宫开启时定能引起全世界的注目。
显陵宝城的修筑凝聚当时先进的科学思想,请大家注意看在环形的宝城城墙上每隔一段距离都会有一个用汉白玉雕琢而成的龙头。龙头自颈部至龙嘴是相通的,所有龙头都是面朝宝城外侧。这就是显陵独特的排水系统。每逢下雨时,积聚的雨水通过龙头嘴的管道排出宝城外,以便环道干爽和减少坟冢的积水量。我们今天家里用的水龙头其叫法即源于此。除排水这一实用性外,威武凶悍的龙头也显示了皇权的至高无上,不可侵犯。同时,建造者们也是借此物之威力保卫亡灵。
显陵以其独特的环境风貌、精巧的布局构思、宏大的建筑规模、丰富的地下宝藏及其珍贵的历史价值而受到国家文物专家的高度重视,八八年国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位,九九年三月国家文物局又将其作为明代唯一的一座帝陵,向联合国世界遗产委员会申报世界文化遗产,联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产委员会已投票通过,将我国湖北钟祥县的明显陵列入世界文化遗产项目。
联合国专家让.路易.卢森先生视察显陵后感到十分惊讶,将显陵称之为“神奇的明显陵”,对至今已历时120_年仍保持完好的外逻城感到“简直不可思议”。同时对显陵的保护维修工作给予了充分肯定。
好,游客朋友们,钟祥明显陵就为大家讲解到这儿,谢谢各位的支持!
篇3:敦煌莫高窟英文导游词
各位游客,你们好!
我是你们这次参观的导游,我姓徐,大家也可以叫我徐导,大家本次的参观由我为大家讲解。
现在我们所在的敦煌莫高窟位于敦煌市西大约25公里处,为中国的四大石窟之一,国家的重点保护单位,也是全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝!莫高窟开始建造于公元339年,后面的几个朝代也继续建造,最后完成的壁画面积近45000平方米,飞天约2400尊,佛像约4000座,分布于492个石窟中。
游客们,你们现在所看到的就是第292窟的飞天壁画!飞天是中国古代佛教中的八大护法之一,形象接近于着盛装的美女,这些在空中飞舞的飞天神态各异,轻盈灵动,手上拿着佛教中的传说的宝器:莲花、笛子、砗磲、鲜花…….。在你们的左手边是一尊高大的佛像,佛像身上雕刻的线条清晰,颜色绚丽,体现着中国古代精湛的雕刻和绘画技巧。
现在各位游客们注意了,你们来到了著名的第17号石窟,这里的飞天和佛像相比于其它洞窟不仅数量多,而且雕刻的特别精致。比如这座佛像,双腿盘坐于莲花座上,双手捏了一个手势放在膝盖上,手心朝天,双眼细咪,神态安详,仿佛若有所思;另外那个佛像则是一副满脸不高兴的样子,真是好笑;另外天空中的飞天衣带飘飘,洒落的花瓣就像是为人间送上的`祝福。
但是近几年莫高窟也遭到了很多人的破坏,文物、壁画被盗,还有些则是因为保护不够被自然损坏,为了保护这个全世界洞窟艺术的瑰宝,我们应该积极行动起来,从自身的行动入手,做到以下几点:
1. 不随便拍照,文明游览。
2. 不乱涂乱画,不乱扔垃圾。
3. 不要随意摸文物。
4. 不大声喧哗,保持安静。
5. 看见不良行为及时阻止,看见垃圾随手捡。
让我们大家都出一份力,来保护我们的莫高窟吧!
各位游客,今天带大家的旅游参观到此为止,欢迎大家以后再来,谢谢。
篇4:介绍北京的英文导游词
亲爱的游客们,我是你们的导游,我姓张,能够叫我小张,也能够叫我张导。请不要在墙上、古代物品上刻画,也不要乱扔垃圾哦!
故宫位于北京市中心,旧称紫禁城。它是明代和清代的皇宫,也是世界现存最大、最完整的古代建筑群,被誉为五大宫之首。
故宫开始建造于明永乐四年至十八年,也就是公元1406年至1420年。
你们看!故宫的四个漂亮的大门,我来告诉你它们的名字吧!正门名为午门,俗称五凤楼。午门一般只有皇帝才能够出入呢!状元、榜眼和探花的人只能够从此门出入一次。后门“神武门”,明朝为“玄武门”,因为玄武是古代四神兽之一。清代康熙年间因避讳改为“神武门”。“东华门”与“西华门”是个“对门”门外设有下马碑石,门内金水河南北流向,上架石桥一座,桥北还有三座门。
快点儿,快点儿,快点儿去太和门吧!太和门里有三座大殿,分别是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿,你们自己去看看吧!二十分钟之后记得回来找我哦!
看!那儿是内廷,内廷就是皇帝、皇后和妃子们生活的地方。快去看看吧!因为内廷比较长,所以拿着你们手中的地图,三十分钟后我们在御花园里碰面哦!
御花园里鸟语花香,草木茂盛。各位家长注意孩子的安全,不要让他们爬假山。还有不要折鲜花和小草哦!
哦,我们到出口了。好了,我们这次的故宫游玩到此结束了。如果下次还想来北京故宫要记得找我哦!在回家的路上要注意安全哦!
篇5:故宫导游词英文带翻译
Everybody is good! Im the tour guide Zhao Hongjie, you must know the imperial palace in Beijing? Thats right! Beijing the imperial palace is famous in the world heritage, is the imperial palace during the Ming and qing dynasties, is the worlds largest and most complete existing ancient building group. Is known as the worlds top five palace. It is located in the centre of Beijing, the old city. Then let me take you to visit us...
From tiananmen square, through a piece of the blue brick flies in the floor of the square, then arrived at the main gate of the Forbidden City - the meridian gate. The Forbidden City has four door, front door of the meridian gate, east gate DongHuaMen, Simon xihua gate, north gate of creature. Meridian gate, commonly known as the five-phoenix towers across the meridian gate, and have wide big courtyard, in more than 30000 square meters of open courtyard, there are five delicate white marble Bridges to the gate. To the gate, into the palace of "the outer court," the palace of architecture on the basis of its layout and function is divided into "the outer court" and "imperial palace" two most. In the etheric and, neutralization, and three main halls as the center, is the place where emperors held at will, also known as the "power". Across the bridge through the gate is the grand hall of supreme harmony. The hall has a tortuous story, heard it burned with skyfire, three times also repaired three times, and even more amazing is the construction of the palace didnt a nail! Imperial palace to the palace of heavenly purity, tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility after three palace as the center, the two wings of yangxin temple, east, west sixth, and bypass the imperial palace, we finally arrived at the imperial garden, the garden planted full of plants. Along the way, will smell a burst of light fragrance. Is the feudal emperors and empresses live.
Into the Forbidden City, from tiananmen square, also can by the back door - creature door into the taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, through the gate of heavenly purity, entered the imperial palace, imperial palace road, east and west road route. If it is a half day tour, the three routes can only swim a, can generally be walk road. Can see the palace of heavenly purity, walk road pay tai temple, palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial concubines lived. In general, use a half-day tour of the Forbidden City, is more difficult, want to knowledge more widely, everybody admire to touring!
篇6:湖北明显陵的导游词
各位贵宾,大家好!欢迎来到世界文化遗产明显陵参观游览!
我是您们的导游员(讲解员) ,下面将由我陪同大家一起游览并做讲解,希望在我们的共同努力下,一起去领略这个全人类共同财富的神韵和它背后的神奇故事。
在进入陵区游览前,我先就明显陵向大家做一个大致的介绍:
显陵,是明朝恭睿献皇帝朱佑元与皇后蒋氏的合葬墓,始建于 1519 年,至今已有近五百年的历史了。早在 1988 年就被国务院列为国家级重点文物保护单位, 20xx 年底,显陵申报世界文化遗产获得成功,被录入联合国《世界遗产名录》,成为世界人民共同的财富。世界遗产目前全世界共有 500 多处,中国仅 30 处,属文化遗产的仅 21 处,湖北仅 2 处,即武当山和显陵,全国 32 个省市大部分一处都没有。
我刚才讲显陵是明朝恭睿献皇帝朱佑元陵墓,稍懂一点中国历史的人一定是想骂我了,明朝那里有过叫朱佑元的皇帝了?那我要说了,你知道的没错,我讲得也没错,不仅明朝没有,中国历史上也没有。因为中国历史上在编的皇帝的确没有这个人,因为他是中国历史上,也是世界历史上唯一一个在死后被追认皇帝的人,这也是显陵的奇特之处。尽管朱佑元生前没有当过皇帝,而在他死后被他儿子,后来当了皇帝的明朝嘉靖皇帝朱厚璁不仅追认为皇帝,而且还为他建造了中国历史上最大的皇陵。为了让显陵的规模超过中国历代皇陵,嘉靖皇帝在位 40 余年,动用了国库 40 余年的库银,几万名劳力建设了 40 多年,才建成今天的规模。它也是世界上建设周期最长的皇陵,也是全世界规模最大的皇陵之一。
显陵,是中国最早被联合国评为世界文化遗产的皇陵,而大家熟悉的明孝陵、十三陵都是在显陵成为世界文化遗产的四年后作为明清皇陵的扩充项目列入的,这主要是因为显陵有着明显的优势。首先,它完整地保留和体现了封建礼制,起着承上启下的作用,并影响到清代帝陵形制,他是明代帝陵最杰出的代表,它本身具有其它帝陵不同的独特之处:其中一陵两冢,为历代帝陵绝无仅有!中国没有,全世界也没有第二座!金瓶型外罗城、九曲回环的御河、龙形神道、圆形内外明塘也是其它帝陵绝对没有的。其次,显陵的建筑是利用中国风水理论“陵墓多与山水相称”的原则,将山水作为陵墓的有机组成部分,统一布局。建筑依山就势,错落有致,构成了一项建筑艺术与环境美学相结合的天才杰作。更重要的是,显陵的修筑是明嘉靖初年的重大历史事件“大礼仪之争”的产物。
显陵有这样多的奇特之处都符合联合国有关世界遗产的相关标准,连联合国世界遗产专家让路易先生都感到惊叹,说显陵真是一个“神奇的明显陵”。我不知道,大家游览完显陵后会有什么感想!会有什么的评价!好,各位,现在你们已经踏上明朝皇家陵地,请保持肃静,由我把大家带回到明朝……
首先我们看到的这块石碑叫“下马碑”,上刻“官员人等在此下马”八个大字,为嘉靖年间宰相严嵩手写,在我国封建社会,帝王的尊严是至高无上的,陵区被视为神圣的禁区,不仅老百姓不能随便出入,即使是朝廷命官到此谒陵,也必须在此下马,这块碑在当时具有法律作用,违者将受到严惩,同时,它是显陵重要的标志性建筑。
各位贵宾,我们面前的这座单檐山式建筑,叫新红门,穿过这座门我们就正式进入陵区了。显陵工程浩大,前后用了四十年的时间,占地面积 183.13 公顷,相当于 300 个足球场那么大,整个显陵由内外两道城墙环护,大家看,连接这新红门的城墙叫外罗城,墙高 6.5 米,厚 1.9 米。周长 3600 多米,红墙黄瓦,蜿蜒于山峦起伏中,雄伟壮观,大家所看到的这样大的外罗城当时在建陵的之后,各地官员从全国各地,各州、府、县上至东北。下至云贵,从一砖、一瓦、一石都向这里进献。每一块砖、一块瓦都有完整标明拉来自何处,可见工程之浩大。从空中俯瞰,外罗城为“金瓶”形状,“金瓶”在风水术在中认为不仅能饶气护生,而且是神仙所佩之法器。其寓意神圣吉祥。同时蜿蜒的城墙顺山势起伏,避免了建筑外在的生硬感,使之与自然环境更加和谐。显陵外罗城是明代帝陵之首创!其后的明清陵寝均沿袭了这一做法。
穿过新红门大家会发现依中国古建筑之规制,所有主要建筑均在中轴线为中心在两边展开,而新红门却偏离了中轴线,这是为什么?请大家带者这个疑问随我继续游览。
在我们的左手边大家看到的这个水塘叫外明塘,因处风水术中外明堂的位置(这个堂是厅堂的堂)故名。明堂是风水理论中的重要概念,原指陵区开阔的空地,要宽阔忌狭窄,宜山长发展之计。外明塘上接陵区九曲河出水,下通沧浪湖入水,它破墙而出,使外罗城有 90 米的缺口,说起这个缺口还有一段有意思的典故呢:据说当年嘉靖皇帝为了给自己的父母修建陵寝,耗资巨大,然国库银两短缺,拿不出如此多的款项,当朝的奸相严嵩便出计让各地知府出资筑陵,此计一出,全国各地迫于皇威相继筹措不等银两,唯云南和贵州两府因地处边远穷困地区,未能及时筹措到足够的款项,导致延误大工,后被嘉靖皇帝贬官严办,当时的设计师就决定在这一空缺段修一口明塘与两边的外罗城相连。而这一空缺段也就留下了缺—云南,少—贵州的说法。至今钟祥人仍将独缺什么说成缺—云南少—贵州。
由外明塘连接着这弯曲的御河叫“九曲河”,它沿着进入陵区的神道拐了九个弯,故名。沿河建了五道并列三座单孔桥,九曲河与五道桥,附会“至尊”的含义。象征着皇权的至高无上。由于设计巧妙,弯曲的河水将陵区地面分割为几个不同的区域,恰到好处地发挥了自然要素山、水、树木的空间限定作用。“石蕴玉而山辉,水怀环而川媚”,由于九曲河的营建,使周围的环境顾盼生辉。虽然明代各陵都非常重视陵区的排水、泄洪,开挖或利用天然河流形成御河,然而显陵的九曲河以其排水系统的完善,体现风水理论之完善,又与其他明陵有显著的区别,成为神奇显陵的重要特点。
各位贵宾,这弯曲的九曲河让您能产生怎样的想象呢?对,龙!它正像一条弯曲腾挪的水龙游弋在青山绿水的陵区,给显陵增添了鲜活的灵气。
请大家看这座御桥,它的通体都是由名贵的汉白玉石料建造,桥面两边的白玉栏杆,有栏板 72 块,望柱 72 根,所有栏板上都掏空到成净瓶如意方形,桥之间的两边望柱是火煸形柱头,而两边侧桥的望柱是素方形的柱头,中间桥的望柱是子母狮蹲于柱头,非常独特,两头的栏板上雕的是一种怪兽,我们叫它靠山兽。整个御桥建造华丽,雕刻艺术精美,远远望去,十分雄伟壮观,有人说可与天安门前的金水桥媲美。桥面是当年筑陵原遗存下来的,而桥护栏毁于文革,现在大家看到的护栏是 1998 年照愿样修复的。
我们现在进入的是旧红门,旧红门建于明嘉靖三年( 1524 年),它早于新红门 15 年建成,是显陵的第二道门户,也是显陵的中轴线的正门,在门旁的建筑墙上,我们可以看到世界文化遗产的标志。标志的外沿是一个圆形,代表地球与大自然,中间的方形代表人类创造的文明,方形和圆形的相连寓意着人类与自然的和谐关系,同时圆形环护着方形又有对人类文明应予以保护的意思。各位贵宾,我们在游览显陵的同时,也请大家注意对显陵环境的爱护,您的文明举止就是对显陵这个世界文化遗产最好的保护。谢谢大家!
这里是御碑楼,其主要作用是置放“御制睿功圣德碑”的,故又叫睿功圣德碑楼。碑文为嘉靖皇帝亲自书写,内容主要是为其父歌功颂德,其碑首为四条高浮雕首尾交错、头部下垂的蛟龙,碑座是一个昂首远眺的海龟似的神兽,是用一块石料琢成,趴卧在刻满海波漩流的水盘之上。这只类似的神兽叫赑屃。传说龙生九子,皆不成龙,各有所好,赑屃就是龙的其中一子,它天生喜文善水长寿,尤其最喜负重。这碑身重 20 吨,它可不是任何一个帝王都可以自行树立的,凡后世帝王有失国之尺地寸土者,不得立此碑。因此这种碑是为表彰其“丰功伟绩”,树立此碑即是显示墓主显赫的身份和高贵的地位。可惜的是,此碑在文革期间被红卫兵造反派砸断,碑身即断裂成现在的几块,而整个碑楼的木制结构则毁于明末兵火。
大家请看神道两边这两根高大的石柱,叫望柱。它是皇权的象征,也是仪仗的开始标志。相传东边的一柱为“望君出”,西边的一柱为“望君归”。“望君出”呼唤着帝王要走出九重深宫,去体察世间民情;“望君归”呼唤着帝王在宫外不要过多的流连,要及时回来处理朝政。它们反映了天下百姓对“圣明天子”的渴望。
望柱后面的这些石雕叫石像生。它是皇权仪卫的缩影。在明代,凡是举行大典的时候,除文武百官及军队仪仗队排列两侧外还将人工驯养的狮子、大象等动物装在笼子里,放在街道两旁,以壮皇威。待皇帝死后,也需要相同的排场,所以就在陵前设置了石像生。这种做法最早开始于秦汉时期,此后历代皇帝、重臣沿用不衰,只是数量和取像不尽相同。
前面的第一对是狮子,狮是百兽之王,显示着皇帝的雄风与威严。
第二叫獬豸,又叫独角兽,它是传说中的饿一种异兽,能辨别是非邪正,把它放在陵前,起着扶正辟邪的作用。
第三对是骆驼,第四对是大象,一个来自北方沙漠,一个来自南方丛林,代表着皇权统治的版图之广,“普天之下,莫非王土”。第五、第六对是麒麟,传说中的太平、祥瑞之兽,代表吉祥,放在陵前有粉饰太平,为帝王歌功颂德之意。第七、第八对是马,古人的坐骑,皇帝仪仗中不可缺少的部分。这后面四对文臣、武将象征帝王驾前的文武百官。各位朋友,你们知道怎样辨别这些文臣、武将的官职大小吗?先看武将,持短剑者官职较高,再看文臣,官帽护耳者官职较高。
请大家注意看:所有这些石像生连同底座均是由一整块石头雕刻而成。那么如此之大的石料又是怎样从远处的深山运来的呢?相传采用的是“旱船拽运”的方法,即沿运石道路每隔一里在地下凿一深井,冬天到来时将水打出泼在路面,将巨石沿水面拖行。可以想象,为修建此陵,众多劳役们要付出多少血汗啊!另外沿途我们可看到很多墙砖上都刻着地名,这也说明显陵的每一片砖瓦都来自全国各地,工程之浩大,调动人力物力之众多,由此可见一斑!
现在我们大家面前的这座牌坊式建筑叫棂星门,又叫龙凤门。由六天柱三门四壁组成,门之间两侧由石、砖、琉璃件构成的仿木建筑,每根石柱上雕有独角兽一只,额柱上均装饰有支云头和火焰宝珠,故此门又叫“火焰牌坊”。相传此门是仿神话中的南天门所建,经过此门,帝王的灵魂就上了天堂。各位朋友,让我们也穿过此门进如一个新的世界吧!
穿过棂星门后请大家注意我们前面的这段神道,它不是直的,而是湾的,这又是显陵的一个神奇之处了。显陵在神道处理上与明代诸陵不同,在陵区中部,砌了一条弯曲的神道,如同一条蜿蜒前行的龙,这便是“龙鳞神道”。显陵是明代帝陵中唯一整体保留龙鳞神道做法的陵墓。大家请看这中间铺筑的石板谓之“龙脊”,两侧以鹅卵石填充,谓之“龙鳞”,外边再以牙子石收束,总称为“龙鳞道”,这种做法既能满足陵寝建筑的功能需求,又经济可行,充分显示了匠人的智慧。
跨过御河上的第五座桥,我们前面的这座圆形池塘叫“内明塘”,为一人工开掘的池塘,内明塘的建置为明代其它帝陵所没有的,仅显陵一孤例。它直径 33 米,水深约 4 米。没有水源与外界相通,却大旱不干涸,大雨不外溢。水位始终保持在一固定的高度,这一现象自显陵始建至今近 500 年均未变化。据专家考证,其塘底为铜铸锅底状,水位之所以能长期稳定,可能与锅沿暗藏排水系统与陵区的地下水系巧妙衔接有关,如此即保持了一个完整的水位平衡。大家所看到的内明塘和我们在进门前的外明塘,不仅是历代帝陵没有的,它还有一奇特功能,就是在白天塘中有太阳,晚上塘中有月亮,加上当时为建显陵,嘉靖皇帝钦定有“唯我皇考,若日月之照临,光于四方,显于西土”的字句,所以这内明塘、外明塘还有引日月进塘,让日月同辉的用意。另据传,进入宝城地宫的入口即藏在水下,你们相信吗?
绕过内明塘,我们现在来到的陵恩门,显陵分为内外两城,这陵恩门即是内城紫金城的正门,请大家注意看这大门两侧各有一堵墙,叫影壁。影壁在古建筑中主要起屏障和装饰作用,可以建在大门的前后方。也可建在大门两侧,建在大门两侧的主要为增添大门的气势,这陵恩门两侧的精美琉璃影壁是明代其它各帝陵所没有的!它为琉璃仿木形式。正面是琼花图案,据说琼花代表草木旺盛,国家繁华。背面为双龙图案,有藏龙卧虎之意。
请大家看这幅汉白玉浮雕,它叫云龙丹陛。据专家认定,这快丹陛在历代帝陵中实属罕见!除了慈禧太后的陵区中有凤在上的云龙丹陛外,其余均为龙在上、凤在下,而显陵这块却为龙凤并列,凤头在上、龙头在下很独特。为什么呢?因为嘉靖皇帝进京即位时才 14 岁,他巩固地位,自立体系,母亲给了他巨大的精神支持。所以嘉靖皇帝对他的母亲非常尊敬,他有今天的地位,他的母亲是功不可没的。这块云龙丹陛也正式反映了嘉靖皇帝对母亲的敬仰之情。
进入陵恩门,我们来到的是陵恩殿,也就是人们一般所称的大殿,主要是供奉嘉靖皇帝父母神位的地方,也是举行上陵、祭祀活动重要的场所。可惜的是,整个大殿毁于明末李自成农民起义军的军火,现在仅存石基,但我们能据此感觉到整个大殿的雄伟。据说修建大殿前,嘉靖皇帝下旨仿故宫金銮殿修建,这是殿堂内木柱的石基座,它直径竟达 1.06 米,两人合抱都不能交手,而这些梁柱及殿内其他木结构使用的均是来自四川、湖广一带深山密林中的珍贵树种金丝楠木,可以想象当时的大殿是多么的富丽堂皇啊!
在大殿的两侧各有配殿五间,这些配殿主要是在举行祭祀活动时供奉神牌、存放祭祀品及咒语念经的地方。
陵恩殿后面的这个门叫陵寝门,这陵寝门只供帝、后、妃们进入,其他王公大臣们是不得入内的,陵寝门后还有一道二柱门,大家看这两根很高大的石柱上刻有一只獬豸,虎视眈眈,守卫着陵寝。二柱门后面正中就是石五供,石五供是专供帝、后、妃们祭祀谒陵的供台,由一个香炉,两个烛台,两个花瓶组成,均由青白石雕琢而成,请大家看这石香炉的炉顶,雕刻着海波、云、龙面纹,非常精美。据说,这石香炉只有后来的皇帝谒陵时才能开启炉顶使用,显陵每年都要举行数次规模不等的祭祀活动,其中尤以清明、中元( 7 月 15 日)和冬至为最盛,称三大祭。
各位贵宾,这座雄伟高大的城楼式建筑,叫方城明楼,上挂“显陵”两个大字,它是整个陵寝的标志性建筑,是专为供奉“圣号碑”而修建的。其实显陵原叫“献陵”,因当年兴王朱佑元四后溢号为“献”,其忘坟即称为“献陵”嘉靖三年三月,朱厚璁以武力平息大礼仪之争后,为他的父亲钦定陵号为“显陵”,“显陵显者,光也书泰,誓之词曰:唯我皇考,若日月之照临,光于四方,显于西土。”意思是他父亲德配天地,圣功显赫,应让普天之下都知道,并象日月一样永寸万年。由此可见朱厚璁为推尊私亲,实施“嘉靖新政”而费尽了心思。明楼木体结构于明末毁于李自成农民起义军兵火,仅存残垣断壁,现在的明楼是 1990 年修复的。
我们现在来到的这个小院落,俗称哑巴院,这里四全陵神道的起点,也是终止点。 这个小院看起来并没有什么奇特之处,实际上却隐藏着巨大的玄机:这座琉璃影壁表面上起着美化装饰作用,更重要的是它遮挡着地宫的入口。院内的神道下面是进入地宫的斜坡墓道,昔日帝后的棺椁就是从这个斜坡慢慢送入地宫的。我国历代封建帝王都实行厚葬,正所谓“厚葬以明孝”,死后还把大量珍奇异宝葬入地宫,因此帝王们最担心的就是陵寝被盗。能不能有效防止地宫被盗,这地宫入口的保密就显得至关重要,所以小院工程所用的工匠都是哑巴,他们白天休息,夜间施工,上 下工的路上都蒙着眼睛,使他们不识路途,不知道这里的地点,完工后,把他们遣送到人烟稀少的边远地区居住,因这个院子是由哑巴修的,所以叫哑巴院。当然这只是传说,还有待专家的考证。
好,现在请大家随我一起参观显陵最具有特色,也是中外陵墓史上绝无仅有的奇观,那就是一陵两冢!何为一陵两冢?就是一座陵园内有两座墓冢。那么为什么其他陵墓无此现象而独显陵有呢?这还要从墓主前后身份变化说起:明正德 14 年也就是 1519 年,墓主朱佑元因病去世,当时他只是一个潘王,依封建礼制,他的陵墓即按潘王的规制建造,我们现在看到的这个前墓冢,既是当年兴献王朱佑元死后的坟墓。
1521 年朱厚璁登基成了嘉靖皇帝之后,追封其父也就是朱佑元为“献皇帝”,并一度想将其父的陵寝迁往北京,与其他已故明皇帝葬在一起,这一想法遭到了大臣们的反对,因而未迁,嘉靖 17 年( 1539 年) 12 月,嘉靖皇帝的母亲章圣皇太后在北京病故。为了给母亲寻找“吉壤”,嘉靖帝于次年 2 月南巡承天府(即钟祥市),在拜谒了其父新献帝的陵墓后,他认为这是一片难得的风水宝地,便决定将其母亲的灵柩由京城送至钟祥显陵与父亲合葬。但经检查发现,显停放父棺椁的地宫已经进水,且较小。于是嘉靖便命工部在其父原有的墓冢后面重新修建一座新地宫以供放其父母的灵柩。这样就形成了由最初的单冢潘王坟经嘉靖帝在位几十年的不断扩建,变成一座规模宏大的前后双冢帝王陵。
我们现在看到的这座巨大的墓冢叫宝城,从空中看就像一个巨大的哑铃。前宝城是椭圆形,东西宽 112 米,南北长 125 米,就是最早停放新献王灵柩的地方(现供奉大量的随葬品),而后宝城为正圆形,直径 110 米,下面的地宫中即停放嘉靖帝父母的棺椁。
我们现在停留的这个地方叫瑶台,它将前后两座宝城连接在一起。瑶台在神话传说中是神仙聚会的地方。而前后宝城以瑶台想连接寓意人的灵魂已进入仙境。两座宝城修建的时间相隔 19 年。在我过古代有个传统习俗,那就是人死了以后是不能见天日的。于是,新地宫建成后,在旧地宫与新地宫之间修建了一条通道,并筑成瑶台。当年嘉靖皇帝的父亲与母亲合葬时,其父亲朱佑元的棺椁就是从瑶台下的通道运到了新地宫。可以说, 瑶台在显陵的地位是至关重要的。
显陵自修建至今已近 500 年了,期间经历数次劫难。其中最大上的一次即明代末年李自成农民起义。 1643 年冬,李自成大军攻陷承天府(即钟祥),拆毁朱家的家庙,并欲挖掘显陵地宫。据说正准备开挖前地宫时,恰遇 雷电交加。有迷信思想的李自成心有疑惧,未敢动土,便放火烧毁陵内所有木制结构的建筑作罢。如今科学探测证明显陵地宫保存完好,从未被盗过,这也从侧面反映了此地民风纯朴,相信将来的某一天,显陵地宫开启时定能引起全世界的注目。
显陵宝城的修筑凝聚当时先进的科学思想,请大家注意看在环形的宝城城墙上每隔一段距离都会有一个用汉白玉雕琢而成的龙头。龙头自颈部至龙嘴是相通的,所有龙头都是面朝宝城外侧。这就是显陵独特的排水系统。每逢下雨时,积聚的雨水通过龙头嘴的管道排出宝城外,以便环道干爽和减少坟冢的积水量。我们今天家里用的水龙头其叫法即源于此。除排水这一实用性外,威武凶悍的龙头也显示了皇权的至高无上,不可侵犯。同时,建造者们也是借此物之威力保卫亡灵。
各位贵宾,请随我一起登上方城明楼。
请大家看这块碑,它高 5 米,宽 1.2 米,碑身字体“大明恭睿献皇帝之陵”为嘉靖皇帝亲笔书写。这块碑具有特殊意义,它是整个显陵的名片,对显陵申报世界文化遗产并最终获得通过起了重要的作用,大家看整个碑文的两边均遭到毁坏,唯有这块碑文完好,也无断裂,这不能不说是冥冥之中的天意啊!
让我们来感受一下显陵的恢宏与神奇吧!请大家放目远望,自新红门至陵寝的这条弯曲的龙鳞神道,恰似一条旱龙,龙尾三摆,龙颈三曲,煞是鲜活。新红门与旧红门不在一条中轴线上不正式显示出了龙尾摆动的生气吗?再看九曲河,穿插于旱龙左右尤如一条水龙蜿蜒潜行,与旱龙在内明塘外交汇,形成二龙戏珠之妙。而内明糖则依风水理论“龙气见风则散,遇水则止”。具有藏风聚气、界止龙气流失,象征明代山水永固之意。此水陆二龙的设计,使整个显陵倍具生机与活力!
请大家在看整个陵区的大环境:依据古代风水学“负阴抱阳”、“背山面水”的原则,在这广阔的区域内所有的山体、水系、林木植都被作为陵寝的构成要素来统一布局和安排,以陵区后部的松林山为祖山作为陵寝的构成要素来统一布局和安排建筑,九曲河弯延其间,前面的天子岗为屏山,构成了前朱雀、后玄武、左青龙、右白虎的完美风水格局,形成了人文景观和自然景观的高度和谐统一。显陵不愧为古代建筑与环境美学相结合的天然杰作!
显陵的修建,是中国封建时代对灵魂信仰的集中体现,凝聚着明代中后期的政治思想、道德观念和审美趣味。同时,这种动用国家力量建造的陵墓,也反映了当时的经济状况、科学技术水平和营造工艺水平,是中国丧葬艺术的最高表现形式和建筑典范。
各位贵宾,在你们参观完显陵后,是否也会像联合国世界遗产专家让·路易先生那样发出同样的赞叹呢?当然,依显陵之博大,孕藏的文化历史之丰富,是在这短短时间内无法全部了解清楚的,加之我才疏学浅,知识有限,很多地方讲解尚有欠缺。为此,我将加倍努力,争取掌握更多有关显陵的知识,届时,欢迎大家再次来显陵参观游览,我也将为大家再次来显陵参观游览,我也将为大家献上更加精彩的解说。谢谢大家!祝各位旅途愉快!
篇7:敦煌莫高窟英文导游词
亲爱的游客朋友们你们好!我是你们这次旅行的导游小导。今天就由我为大家提供服务,大家如果有什么要求可尽管提出来,我会竭诚为您解决。
敦煌莫高窟和洛阳龙门石窟、大同的云冈石窟并称为中国三大石窟。莫高窟的开凿比龙门石窟早128年、比云冈石窟早94年。莫高窟以它创建年代之久。建筑规模之大、壁画数量之多、塑像造型之多、保存之完整,其艺术价值之博大精深而闻名天下,享誉国内外。一年中游客接踵而来,络绎不绝,对促进文化交流,传播学说,弘扬民族艺术,进行爱国主义教育起了举足轻重的作用。
莫高窟的壁画艺术是龙门、云冈石窟所没有的,是世界上任何石窟寺所无法相比的,它是莫高窟艺术的精髓。如果所45000平方米壁画一张张连接起来将长达25公里,要把这些壁画哪放在路边的话,可以构成个从市区到莫高窟的一条长长的画廊。其规模之宏大,题材之广泛,艺术之精湛,被日本学者称之为“一大画廊”;法国学者称之为“墙壁上的图书馆”;正如一位学者看了莫高窟后感慨的说:“看了离煌石窟就等于看到了世界的古代文明”。
莫高窟俗称千佛洞,“千”这个数字在这里不指具体的数目,而是喻指很多,因为这里有许多佛教塑像、壁画的洞窟,所以俗称为“千佛洞”。莫高窟这个名称最早出现在隋代洞窟第423号洞窟题记中,其名称的由来众说纷纭,莫衷一是,大抵有三种说法:其一,是说菲高窟开凿于沙漠的高处而得名,在古汉语中“沙漠”的“漠”和“莫高窟”的“莫”是通假字;其二是说从藏经洞出土的文书和许多唐代文献都记载,唐代沙州敦煌县境内有“漠高山”、“漠高里”之称,据此考证,鸣沙山在隋唐也称漠高山,因此将石窟以附近的乡、里名称命名;其三是说在梵文里“莫高”之音是解脱的意思,“莫高”是梵文的音译。
由于敦煌自汉魏以来,是汉族和许多少数民族聚集杂居之地,各民族文化在这里交汇、融合;敦煌又是西出西域,东入中原的咽喉要道,自古以来,人们笃信佛教,地方的官使吏、豪门贵族、善男信女以及贫苦的老百姓都拿出银两来开窟、造像、绘画作为自己的家庙来供养佛和菩萨;来往于丝绸古道的商人、使者、僧侣等为了祈佑自己能平安突起塔克拉玛干大沙漠,或取福佑,死后进入天国的投资。于是在鸣沙山的崖壁上,大大小小的窟龛不断涌现。
大家看前边有绿色的地主就是莫高窟,它背靠鸣沙山,面对三危峰,窟区南北全长1600多米,现存洞窟492个,洞窟大小不一,上下错落,密布崖面,每个洞窟里面都有栩栩如生的塑像,婀娜多姿的飞天,精美绝伦的壁画,构图精巧的花砖,构成了一个充满宗教氛围的佛国世界。莫高窟始建于前秦建元二年,也就是公元366年,历经北凉、北魏、西魏、北周、隋、唐、五代、宋、西夏、元等朝代,在现存的洞窟中有壁画45000多平方米,塑像2400余身,最大塑像主,30多米,最大壁画约50平方米。
这些壁画、塑像,在不同程度上反映了我国从4世纪到14世纪上下延续千年的不同时代的社会、生产、生活、交通、建筑、艺术、音乐、舞蹈、民情风俗、宗教信仰、思想变化、民族关系、中外交往等情况。在我国三大石窟中,莫高窟是开凿最早,延续时间最长,规模最大,内容最丰富的石窟群。在世界文化史上也具有珍贵的价值。有“人类文化珍藏”、“形象历史博物馆”、“世界画廊”之称。
现在和我进入洞窟参观,首先我们去参观有名有“藏经洞”。这个洞窟位于系统工程号洞窟甬道的北侧,编号为17窟,洞窟原是晚唐时期河西都僧统洪的“影窟”,有碑文载这一事实。1900年5月的一天,管理莫高窟的道士王圆录在一个偶然的机会,打开了秘百多年的“藏经洞”,这些珍贵无比的文物终于重见天日了,但是清王朝的腐败加之王圆录的愚昧,使这些珍贵的文物遭到了帝国主义分子的肆无忌惮的掠夺和盗劫。1905年沙皇俄国的奥勃鲁切夫来到莫高窟,以六包日用品为诱饵,骗取了一批文物。
1907年,英国人斯坦因,仅用数十块马蹄银,劫取了约一万多卷,同时还有佛教绣品和佛画五百多幅,现藏于大英博物馆;1908年法国人伯希和盗走文物六千多卷,现在藏于巴黎法国国立图书馆和吉美博物馆。1911年10月日本大谷光瑞探险队的吉川小一郎和桔瑞超盗走约九百余卷。直到1910年清政府才将被劫余的文物运往北京,收藏在北京图书馆。在运输途中及运到北京后不少文物被偷、损坏、遗失,是中国考古史上一次难以估量的损失。“藏经洞”发现的这些文书内容包括宗教经典和多种文字写的世欲文书,它涉及到许多学科,是研究古代宗教、政治、经济、军事、文化的重要资料,经过国内外学者几十年的研究、开拓出一门全新热门的学科--敦煌学。
篇8:景点英文导游词
Hello, all of you, Im Wang Ping, a tour guide from Anhui travel agency.You can call me Wang. My side is master Ma, who has many years of drivingexperience. It is a great pleasure to visit the Chaohu scenic area with everyonein this sunny day.
Now our car is driving on lakeside Avenue, Chaohu, also called "Jiao Lake".It is said that in ancient times of Chaohu, a year of drought, the small whitedragon without rainfall except dry, made tiantiao, was the emperorcensureddescends to earth, when coke Laoshan saved, the small white dragon atthe focal basking grace, so he told him to heaven in nest state, coke baskingtimely told all the neighbors, to everyone die hard to avoid. He had delayed theopportunity to escape and was washed away by the flood. The daughter lost a pairof shoes in a hurry, and flooded, later people to commemorate the focal baskingspirit, will be in the lake called "coke Lake", and then turned into a cokebasking in Laoshan Mountain, a daughter, her a pair of shoes into the shoe hill.Of course, these are just a myth. The real Chaohu is of course the result of themovement of the earths crust.
Now we look to the left is our Chaohu, the lake area of Chaohu 800 squarekilometers, is the largest lake in the province, is one of the five largestfreshwater lakes in China. As the water rich, suitable climate for Anhuifish.
The temple stands in Phoenix Palace red sand reef, three facing water, theexisting building for the late Qing Dynasty temple diange, is dedicated to theworship of bixiayuanjun, and now people visit the temple, is no longer theaeriality pray for the gift of God, but in the work, to enjoy the magnificentscenery of Chaohu Nabaili. And in the temple at Island Lake is a vast lake,which is filled with legendary laoshan.
Laoshan Mountain is the most beautiful in Chaohu biggest lake. Laoshan notonly beautiful. Many visitors walk in the places of historic interest and scenicbeauty, rugged road, if you can hear your footsteps slightly heavier, echosounding, this is the Laoshan unique "an echo", if follow the voice can be foundfor the size of more than 20 caves, cave rocks Ling Xun, very wonderfulinsurance. To climb up, you can see the Wenfeng tower.
Wenfengs seven floors, 51 meters, 133 layers of eaves angle to walk,octagonal eight square, corner with bells, majestic appearance, exquisitestructure. The body of the tower consists of three parts: the outer wall, thecorridor and the tower heart. In the possession of the viceroy Li Hanzhang wrote"I recently", Chinese Taiwans first governor Liu Mingchuan wrote the "flow column" 25plaques and 802 statues of Buddha brick tower, people, feel the wind whistling,bells, like standing above the clouds.
Tasha linedwith Li Hongzhang like, Li Hongzhang fortune before gracedivision Zeng Guofan gathered on the lake in the Huai pointing, practice, notfar from the tower, there is a holy temple basking, red Ying tiles nestled inthe green pines and verdant cypresses, beautiful.
Ladies and gentlemen, our journey is about to end. In this short and happytime, I am impressed by the enthusiasm of you, and I hope that the beauty ofChaohu will leave you a good memory.
篇9:黄山英文导游词简短_导游词范文_网
黄山:世界文化与自然双重遗产,世界地质公园,国家AAAAA级旅游景区,国家级风景名胜区,全国文明风景旅游区示范点,中华十大名山,天下第一奇山。下面是由小编为大家带来的关于黄山英文导游词简短,希望能够帮到您!
Mt.Huangshan
Ladies and Gentlemen! Welcome to Mt.Hangshan, which is lauded as“No.1 Mountain under the heaven. ”I am so glad to be your guide in this tour. My name is Wangyan. I hope I can provide a quality service to you. Now I’d like to introduce something about Mt.huang, Mt.huang is one of 10 major scenic resorts of China. And it is a frequent subject of traditional Chinese paintings and literature, as well as modern photography. In 1990, the UNESCO put it on the list of world natural and cultural heritages.
The beauty of Mt.Huang lies in its“five wonder”, Pine trees with shapely foliage, rocks in hundreds of images, a sea of clouds, hot spring and snow of winter. Today I will mainly introduce pine trees to you.
Follow me please! I will help you to find some fascination of Mt.Huang. Look at these pine trees, these pine trees are considered as the example of vigor because the trees thrive by growing straight out of the rocks. Their branches extend to one side to get more rain and embrace the sunshine well. Many of the pine trees in the area are more than a hundred years old and have been given their own names, such as the Yingke Pine, which is thought to be more than 1500 years old.
Now we are going to appreciate the beauty of the Yingke Pine. Before we get there, look at the cloud around you, although we can see cloud sea in many other place, I think it in Mt.Huang is the most brilliant one. You can try to feel and touch them, but please pay attention to be safety. Fine, here we go. This tree in front of us is Yingke pine. The tree is 10.15 meters high, its circumference is 2.05 meters and its crown size is 10.7 meters times13.7 meters. This tree stays vigorously upright and keeps elegant gesture. We all know that Yingke pine is the symbol of Mt.Huang. It looks like the tree use its hand to welcome people from all over the world. A huge iron painting produced according to its pretty image is displayed in Great Hall of the people in Beijing. This tree can represent the friendship between China and other countries. Now you can take photo with your friends in front of it, then I think your friendship will be evergreen like this pine tree. Please be careful and don’t hurt the vegetations around here.
After we finish our tour, you can try to have a bath in the hot spring of Mt.Huang which is good for your health. But if someone suffers from high blood pressure or heart disease, I think it’s not suit you. It’s good to eat a little food before you have a bath.
Good time always flies quickly. I’m so pleasure to let you know something about Mt.Huang. Thanks for your cooperation, so that our tour could be so smoothly and happily. I wish I could have anther opportunity to be your guide in the future. If you have any suggestions, please feel free to let me know. I will correct and do my best next time. Thanks for you all. Best wishes to you all. Goodbye! Thank you!
篇10:峡导游词英文
Ladies and gentlemen, everybody is good:
I am the "summer tour" the second leg of the three gorges tour - Liao Xueyao, the second leg is that we visited yichang three gorges, speaking of the three gorges, as everybody knows, but how many people know? We will go to find out now! Behind me is the "garden of the three gorges project", it is by the SongMing valley, the racecourse, the aquarium... , because the time is pressing, we just visit SongMing valley.
SongMing valley, the existing more than 100 kinds of birds, such as pigeons, larks, peacocks... Countless, peacock train over there! Lets go and see! Today is "May Day" golden week, the three gorges travel agency launched a parrot performance for you, arithmetic, fetching water, cycling... Its fun and we go and see. Finished watching the show, I will take you to a mysterious place, that is, the dam, the dam being built at zhongbaodao island built in accomplishment, for up to 2309 meters, up to 18 meters, is a Great Wall across the Yangtze river water.
The three gorges project is the worlds largest water conservancy hub project, has been listed as one of the worlds super engineering, it is the last has flood control, power generation, storage, ecological type, navigation development goal of water resources and hydropower engineering. Do you remember chairman MAOs poem? Truncation wushan, high pinghu. If fairy unscathed, when surprised the world different. The tour, go home.
篇11:西安英文导游词_导游词范文_网
inside the fourth courtyard, there is a structure called the phoenix pavilion, a place where worshipers wait for services. the pavilion, in fact, is a complex of three small buildings. the six-gabled structure in the central part is adjoined by two three-gabled buildings on each side which make it look like a flying phoenix; hence its name. just at the back of the pavilion there is a fish pond, and beyond it is a platform with an area of 700 square meters. acrothe platform stands the 1,300-square-meter prayer hall. it holds over 1,000 worshipers at a time. the ceiling is decorated with over 600 panels. the walls of the hall, as well as the panels, are decorated with patterns of trailing plants and arabic letters. the shrine at the western end of the hall is where the imam and worshipers chant the koran and pay homage while facing in the direction of mecca.
the moslems in china share much the same customs with their brothers and sisters elsewhere in the world. they worship five times a day: at dawn, at noon, in the afternoon, at dusk, and at night.
the constitution of china acknowledges that each citizen has the right freedom of religion, and that each ethnic group has the freedom to preserve or reform its own customs. of course, the moslems in china enjoy equal rights with other ethnic groups, and their religious beliefs and customs are respected everywhere in the country.
huaqing pool is situated about 35 kilometres east of the city of xi’an. historically, the western zhou dynasty saw the construction of the li palace on the spot. in the qin dynasty a pool was built with stones, and was given the name lishan tang (the lishan hot spring). the site was extended into a palace in the han dynasty, and renamed the li palace (the resort palace). in the tang dynasty, li shimin (emperor tai zong) ordered to construct the hot spring palace, and emperor xuan zong had a walled palace built around lishan mountain in the year of 747. it was known as the huaqing palace. it also had the name huaqing pool on account of its location on the hot springs.
huaqing pool is located at the foot of the lishan mountain, a branch range of the qinling ranges, and stands 1,256 metres high. it is covered with pines and cypresses, looking very much like a like a dark green galloping horse from a long distance. so it has the name of the lishan mountain (li means a black horse).
the tang dynasty emperor xuan zong and his favourite lady, yang gui fei used to make their home at frost drifting hall in winter days. when winter came, snowflakes were floating in the air, and everything in sight was white. however, they came into thaw immediately in front of the hall. it owed a great deal to the luke warm vapour rising out of the hot spring. this is the frost drifting hall that greets us today.
篇12:天津各景点英文导游词
The whole commentary of Zhaozhou Bridge includes three parts:
Part one: Introduction
The Zhaozhou Bridge is also known as the safe crossing bridge and the GreatStone Bridge. It crosses the Xiao River in Zhao County. It is named after thenearby Zhao County, which is known as Zhao Zhou in history.
Zhaozhou Bridge is designed and built by LiChun from 605 to 616 during theSui Dynasty, has stood the tests of earthquakes, floods and traffic for morethan 1400 years. It is the world’s oldest single-arch stone bridge still in usetoday and with the reputation as one of the Four Treasures of North China.
Part two: Creative construction.
Characteristics:
1) It has only one main arch and this arch has a span of more than 37meters, which is a great creation in the world history.
2) The bridge has two small side arches on either of the main arch, theyserve two important functions: First, they reduce the total weight of the bridgeand save the structural materials. Second, in time of flood, they cooperate withthe main one allowing water to pass through, thus weaken the flood’s impact onthe body of the bridge itself.
3) This design also improve the general look of the bridge, contributes toits beauty, so people compared the bridge to a new moon rising above the clouds”and “a long rainbow hanging on a mountain waterfall”.
Part three: Beautiful stories and famous folk song
There are many legends about the design of this bridge.
According to one legend, the bridge was built by LuBan, who is a excellentarchitect, he managed the sheep turn into stones and built the bridge in osingle night.
In another story, the bridge was put to the test by two immortals whocrossed it at the same time. One is ZhangGuolao, he rode his lovely donkey withthe sun and moon in his bag, and the other is ChaiWangye, who crossed the bridgewith the Five Famous Mountains. LuBan was worried and saved the bridge byplunging into the water and supporting the structure.
A folk song: Xiao Fang Niu
(Ask the tourists if there is anybody would like to sing the song, theguide should teach the visitor to sing the typical and beautiful folk song,which can exert an outstanding effect on and response from the tourists)
篇13:关于湖北明显陵的导游词_湖北导游词_网
明显陵位于湖北省钟祥市城东北5公里的纯德山上,始建于明正德十四年(1520xx年),迄于明嘉靖四十五年(1566年),历时47年建成,是明世宗嘉靖皇帝的父亲恭睿献皇帝朱祐杬、母亲慈孝献皇后的合葬墓。 明显陵由王墓改造而来,是中国中南六省唯一的一座明代帝陵,占地面积大,达183.13公顷,是明代帝陵中单体面积最大的皇陵;其规划布局和建筑手法独特,在明代帝陵规则制中具有承上启下的作用,尤其是“一陵两冢”的陵寝结构为历代帝王陵墓中绝无仅有。下面是小编收集整理的关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇范文,欢迎借鉴参考。
关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇(一)
各位游客:
你们好,欢迎你们来到钟祥明显陵,我是你们的导游克塞。
明显陵是全国重点文物保护单位,位于湖北省钟祥市城东郊的松林山,是明世宗嘉靖皇帝的父亲恭壑献皇帝和母亲章圣皇太后的合葬墓,是我国数千年历史长河中最具特色的一座帝王陵寝。
显陵始建于明正德十四年(1520xx年)嘉靖四十五年(1566年)建成,前后历时共47年,其围陵面积183.13公顷,整个陵园双城封建,外逻城长 3600余米,墙高6米,墙体厚1.8米,红墙黄瓦、金壁辉煌、蜿蜒起伏于山岚叠嶂之中,雄伟壮观,是我国历代帝王陵墓中遗存最为完整的城墙孤品,陵园由内外逻城,前后宝城、方城明楼、棱思殿、陵恩门、神厨、神库、陵户、军户、神宫监、功德碑楼、新红门、旧红门,内外明塘、九曲御河、龙形神道等30余处规模宏大的建筑群组成,其布局构思巧夺天工,殿宇楼台龙飞凤舞,工艺浮雕美绝伦、一陵双冢举世罕见,是我国古代建筑艺术中的瑰宝。
显陵之奇特主要源于王墓改帝陵而形成的一陵双冢举世无双的孤例而弥足珍贵。显陵的墓主朱佑杬生前为兴献王,死后葬于松林山,明正德20xx年武宗驾崩,因其无子嗣,慈寿皇太后与首辅大学士杨廷和遵奉“兄终弟及”之祖训,遗命“兴献王长子朱厚熜”嗣皇帝位。年号为嘉靖,后朱厚熜为自立体系,用武力平息了长达3 年之久的“皇考”之争,其间廷杖致死17人,入狱、夺俸、充军、戎边、革职等官员达115余人,从而完成了自己的昭穆体系,这一重大事件历史上称之为“大礼仪”之争。此后嘉靖皇帝朱厚熜便将其父追尊为恭壑献皇帝,并将王墓改为帝陵,开始了大规模的改建扩建工程,直至嘉靖驾崩建设才停止。
显陵是明嘉靖初期重大历史事件“大礼仪”的产物,规划布局和建筑手法独特,在明代帝陵规制中具有承上启下的作用。其陵寝建筑中金瓶形的外罗城、九曲河的御河、龙鳞神道、琼花双龙琉璃影壁和内外明塘等都是明陵中仅见的孤例,尤其是“一陵两冢”的陵寝结构为历代帝王陵墓中绝无仅有,由瑶台相连而成哑铃状的两座隐密的地下玄宫神密莫测,一直为世人称奇。
显陵规划占地183公顷,其中陵寝部分占地52公顷,在这广阔的区域内,所有的山体、水系、林木植被都作为陵寝的构成要素来统一布局和安排。陵区后部的自然山丘为祖山,作为陵寝的依托,两侧的山体作为环护,中间台地安排建筑、九曲河婉蜒其间,前面山丘为屏山,构成前朱雀、后玄武、左青龙、右白虎的风水格局,体现了“陵制与山水相称”的原则。陵墓的最南端建有敕封纯德山碑亭一座,平面呈方形,亭已毁,内供汉白玉石碑一通,通高3.59米,宽1.15米,上书“纯德山”三个大字,碑座、碑身、碑文和碑额保存完好。纯德山东侧天子岗建有龙首龟蚨碑亭一座,俗称“山曲碑”亭,记载着陵区的范围及管理方面的内容。
陵寝外围建有高6米,厚1.6米,长达4730米,平面呈“金瓶”形状的外罗城。外罗城前端因池塘和东南砂山影响,依山就水建造歇山顶宫门一座,名新红门,面阔18.5米,进深8米,有券门三洞。门前有下马碑两座,上书“官员人等至此下马”。新红门右侧依原有天然池塘建有外明塘,外明塘后为三道御桥。过御桥为正红门,正红门红墙黄瓦,歇山顶式,面阔18米,进深7.8米,有券门三洞。进正红门神道正中毫立着高大的睿功圣德碑亭,平面布局为方形,面阔进深均为 18.3米,占地334平方米,汉白玉台基,下设石须弥座,上为重檐歇山顶,四边各开有券门,正中立龙首龟蚨睿功圣德碑。碑亭后63米处设御桥三座。
过桥便是陵区最主要的墓饰建筑,迎面为汉白玉望柱,通高12米,下为方形须弥座,柱身为六棱形,二层束腰云盘托着圆柱形有云龙纹浮雕望柱头。望柱后排列着石像生群、计有狮子、懈貂、卧骆驼、卧象、麒麟、立马、卧马各一对;武将二对,文臣、勋臣各一对,造型生动,排列有序。其后为龙风门,作为石像生的依托,龙风门设计十分精巧,为六柱三门四楼冲天式牌楼,方柱上悬出云版,上覆莲座,莲座上各雕有一尊朝天吼、正身立火焰宝珠,石墩,坊身仿木作设额枋、花板、抱框,上额枋设有门簪,方柱前后夹有抱鼓石,影壁墙下设须弥座,上盖黄色琉璃瓦,整个龙凤门不仅洁白耀眼而且金碧辉煌。
从龙凤门再越御桥便是一条长达290米的神道,该神道一反左右对称和通直的原则,作弯曲龙行状,是为龙形神道。接龙形神道是最后三座御桥。九曲河由东北向西南蜿蜒而过,河道为砖石结构,河中根据高差建有九道拦水坝。过九曲河最后一道御桥为内明塘,内明塘为圆形,直径33米,周边砌有青石护岸。塘两边各设有碑亭一座,分别为“纯德山祭告文”碑亭和“瑞文碑”亭。内明塘后,为祾恩门,面阔三间,进深二间,建有月台,前后三出云龙丹陛,门两边有琉璃影壁,影壁正面为绿色琉璃的蟠枝图案,背面为双龙腾跃,喻意藏龙护生。祾恩门外东侧,建有神厨、神库、宰牲亭等。
西侧建有神宫监,礼生乐户直房等。祾恩门后,左右为配殿,面阔五问,进深二间,前出廊。再后为棱恩殿,歇山后抱厦宫殿式建筑,面阔五间,进深四间。前出月台,石雕须弥座台基,雕栏龙风望柱。祾恩殿后为陵寝门,面阔三间、砖石琉璃结构。陵寝门后为二柱门,现仅存石柱,蹲龙战鼓,木构无存。二柱门后为石五供,现存供案和部分石雕供器。供案两侧各有碑亭一座,分别为御赐祭文碑亭和御赐谥册志文碑亭。供案后是方城明楼,方城面阔、进深皆为22.2米,设券门一道,门前有御道踏跺。门后左右设有御道台阶以供上下。方城上建有明楼,面阔、进深均为17米,重檐歇山顶,石须弥座基础,四道券门。内供“大明睿宗献皇帝之陵”圣号碑,通高4.69米。
方城后左右连接着前后宝城,前宝城呈椭圆形,东西宽112米,南北长125米。宝城内为宝顶,宝顶下为1520xx年(正德十五年)所建玄宫。宝城与方城之间建有月牙城,内有琉璃影壁一座。前后宝城由瑶台相连。瑶台为长方形,面阔11.5米,进深40.5米。后宝城为圆形,直径110米。内为宝顶,宝顶下为 1539年(嘉靖十八年)所建地下玄宫,玄宫内停放着恭喜献皇帝和皇后棺停。后宝城与瑶台之间建有月牙城,内有琉璃影壁一座。两座宝城上共有向外悬挑的散水螭首16个,设计精巧,为独特的排水系统。陵区外围沿祖山、东西砂山、案山建有显陵卫、东果园、西菜园、更铺及巡山铺等。
明显陵原始建筑和环境风貌保存完好,建筑规模宏大,陵寝结构独特,文化内涵丰厚,堪称中国帝陵的璀璨明珠。
显陵以其独特的环境风貌、精巧的布局构思、宏大的建筑规模、丰富的地下宝藏及其珍贵的历史价值而受到国家文物专家的高度重视,八八年国务院公布为全国重点文物保护单位,九九年三月国家文物局又将其作为明代唯一的一座帝陵,向联合国世界遗产委员会申报世界文化遗产,联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产委员会已投票通过,将我国湖北钟祥县的明显陵列入世界文化遗产项目。
联合国专家让.路易.卢森先生视察显陵后感到十分惊讶,将显陵称之为“神奇的明显陵”,对至今已历时120xx年仍保持完好的外逻城感到“简直不可思议”。同时对显陵的保护维修工作给予了充分肯定。
好,游客朋友们,钟祥明显陵就为大家讲解到这儿,谢谢各位的支持!
关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇(二)
跨过御河上的第五座桥,我们前面的这座圆形池塘叫“内明塘”,为一人工开掘的池塘,内明塘的建置为明代其它帝陵所没有的,仅显陵一孤例。它直径 33 米,水深约 4 米。没有水源与外界相通,却大旱不干涸,大雨不外溢。水位始终保持在一固定的高度,这一现象自显陵始建至今近 500 年均未变化。据专家考证,其塘底为铜铸锅底状,水位之所以能长期稳定,可能与锅沿暗藏排水系统与陵区的地下水系巧妙衔接有关,如此即保持了一个完整的水位平衡。大家所看到的内明塘和我们在进门前的外明塘,不仅是历代帝陵没有的,它还有一奇特功能,就是在白天塘中有太阳,晚上塘中有月亮,加上当时为建显陵,嘉靖皇帝钦定有“唯我皇考,若日月之照临,光于四方,显于西土”的字句,所以这内明塘、外明塘还有引日月进塘,让日月同辉的用意。另据传,进入宝城地宫的入口即藏在水下,你们相信吗?
绕过内明塘,我们现在来到的陵恩门,显陵分为内外两城,这陵恩门即是内城紫金城的正门,请大家注意看这大门两侧各有一堵墙,叫影壁。影壁在古建筑中主要起屏障和装饰作用,可以建在大门的前后方。也可建在大门两侧,建在大门两侧的主要为增添大门的气势,这陵恩门两侧的精美琉璃影壁是明代其它各帝陵所没有的!它为琉璃仿木形式。正面是琼花图案,据说琼花代表草木旺盛,国家繁华。背面为双龙图案,有藏龙卧虎之意。
请大家看这幅汉白玉浮雕,它叫云龙丹陛。据专家认定,这快丹陛在历代帝陵中实属罕见!除了慈禧太后的陵区中有凤在上的云龙丹陛外,其余均为龙在上、凤在下,而显陵这块却为龙凤并列,凤头在上、龙头在下很独特。为什么呢?因为嘉靖皇帝进京即位时才 14 岁,他巩固地位,自立体系,母亲给了他巨大的精神支持。所以嘉靖皇帝对他的母亲非常尊敬,他有今天的地位,他的母亲是功不可没的。这块云龙丹陛也正式反映了嘉靖皇帝对母亲的敬仰之情。
进入陵恩门,我们来到的是陵恩殿,也就是人们一般所称的大殿,主要是供奉嘉靖皇帝父母神位的地方,也是举行上陵、祭祀活动重要的场所。可惜的是,整个大殿毁于明末李自成农民起义军的军火,现在仅存石基,但我们能据此感觉到整个大殿的雄伟。据说修建大殿前,嘉靖皇帝下旨仿故宫金銮殿修建,这是殿堂内木柱的石基座,它直径竟达 1.06 米,两人合抱都不能交手,而这些梁柱及殿内其他木结构使用的均是来自四川、湖广一带深山密林中的珍贵树种金丝楠木,可以想象当时的大殿是多么的富丽堂皇啊!
在大殿的两侧各有配殿五间,这些配殿主要是在举行祭祀活动时供奉神牌、存放祭祀品及咒语念经的地方。
陵恩殿后面的这个门叫陵寝门,这陵寝门只供帝、后、妃们进入,其他王公大臣们是不得入内的,陵寝门后还有一道二柱门,大家看这两根很高大的石柱上刻有一只獬豸,虎视眈眈,守卫着陵寝。二柱门后面正中就是石五供,石五供是专供帝、后、妃们祭祀谒陵的供台,由一个香炉,两个烛台,两个花瓶组成,均由青白石雕琢而成,请大家看这石香炉的炉顶,雕刻着海波、云、龙面纹,非常精美。据说,这石香炉只有后来的皇帝谒陵时才能开启炉顶使用,显陵每年都要举行数次规模不等的祭祀活动,其中尤以清明、中元( 7 月 15 日)和冬至为最盛,称三大祭。
各位贵宾,这座雄伟高大的城楼式建筑,叫方城明楼,上挂“显陵”两个大字,它是整个陵寝的标志性建筑,是专为供奉“圣号碑”而修建的。其实显陵原叫“献陵”,因当年兴王朱佑元四后溢号为“献”,其忘坟即称为“献陵”嘉靖三年三月,朱厚璁以武力平息大礼仪之争后,为他的父亲钦定陵号为“显陵”,“显陵显者,光也书泰,誓之词曰:唯我皇考,若日月之照临,光于四方,显于西土。”意思是他父亲德配天地,圣功显赫,应让普天之下都知道,并象日月一样永寸万年。由此可见朱厚璁为推尊私亲,实施“嘉靖新政”而费尽了心思。明楼木体结构于明末毁于李自成农民起义军兵火,仅存残垣断壁,现在的明楼是 1990 年修复的。
我们现在来到的这个小院落,俗称哑巴院,这里四全陵神道的起点,也是终止点。 这个小院看起来并没有什么奇特之处,实际上却隐藏着巨大的玄机:这座琉璃影壁表面上起着美化装饰作用,更重要的是它遮挡着地宫的入口。院内的神道下面是进入地宫的斜坡墓道,昔日帝后的棺椁就是从这个斜坡慢慢送入地宫的。我国历代封建帝王都实行厚葬,正所谓“厚葬以明孝”,死后还把大量珍奇异宝葬入地宫,因此帝王们最担心的就是陵寝被盗。能不能有效防止地宫被盗,这地宫入口的保密就显得至关重要,所以小院工程所用的工匠都是哑巴,他们白天休息,夜间施工,上 下工的路上都蒙着眼睛,使他们不识路途,不知道这里的地点,完工后,把他们遣送到人烟稀少的边远地区居住,因这个院子是由哑巴修的,所以叫哑巴院。当然这只是传说,还有待专家的考证。
好,现在请大家随我一起参观显陵最具有特色,也是中外陵墓史上绝无仅有的奇观,那就是一陵两冢!何为一陵两冢?就是一座陵园内有两座墓冢。那么为什么其他陵墓无此现象而独显陵有呢?这还要从墓主前后身份变化说起:明正德 14 年也就是 1519 年,墓主朱佑元因病去世,当时他只是一个潘王,依封建礼制,他的陵墓即按潘王的规制建造,我们现在看到的这个前墓冢,既是当年兴献王朱佑元死后的坟墓。
1521 年朱厚璁登基成了嘉靖皇帝之后,追封其父也就是朱佑元为“献皇帝”,并一度想将其父的陵寝迁往北京,与其他已故明皇帝葬在一起,这一想法遭到了大臣们的反对,因而未迁,嘉靖 17 年( 1539年) 12 月,嘉靖皇帝的母亲章圣皇太后在北京病故。为了给母亲寻找“吉壤”,嘉靖帝于次年 2 月南巡承天府(即钟祥市),在拜谒了其父新献帝的陵墓后,他认为这是一片难得的风水宝地,便决定将其母亲的灵柩由京城送至钟祥显陵与父亲合葬。但经检查发现,显停放父棺椁的地宫已经进水,且较小。于是嘉靖便命工部在其父原有的墓冢后面重新修建一座新地宫以供放其父母的灵柩。这样就形成了由最初的单冢潘王坟经嘉靖帝在位几十年的不断扩建,变成一座规模宏大的前后双冢帝王陵。
我们现在看到的这座巨大的墓冢叫宝城,从空中看就像一个巨大的哑铃。前宝城是椭圆形,东西宽112 米,南北长 125 米,就是最早停放新献王灵柩的地方(现供奉大量的随葬品),而后宝城为正圆形,直径 110 米,下面的地宫中即停放嘉靖帝父母的棺椁。
我们现在停留的这个地方叫瑶台,它将前后两座宝城连接在一起。瑶台在神话传说中是神仙聚会的地方。而前后宝城以瑶台想连接寓意人的灵魂已进入仙境。两座宝城修建的时间相隔 19 年。在我过古代有个传统习俗,那就是人死了以后是不能见天日的。于是,新地宫建成后,在旧地宫与新地宫之间修建了一条通道,并筑成瑶台。当年嘉靖皇帝的父亲与母亲合葬时,其父亲朱佑元的棺椁就是从瑶台下的通道运到了新地宫。可以说, 瑶台在显陵的地位是至关重要的。
显陵自修建至今已近 500 年了,期间经历数次劫难。其中最大上的一次即明代末年李自成农民起义。1643 年冬,李自成大军攻陷承天府(即钟祥),拆毁朱家的家庙,并欲挖掘显陵地宫。据说正准备开挖前地宫时,恰遇 雷电交加。有迷信思想的李自成心有疑惧,未敢动土,便放火烧毁陵内所有木制结构的建筑作罢。如今科学探测证明显陵地宫保存完好,从未被盗过,这也从侧面反映了此地民风纯朴,相信将来的某一天,显陵地宫开启时定能引起全世界的注目。
显陵宝城的修筑凝聚当时先进的科学思想,请大家注意看在环形的宝城城墙上每隔一段距离都会有一个用汉白玉雕琢而成的龙头。龙头自颈部至龙嘴是相通的,所有龙头都是面朝宝城外侧。这就是显陵独特的排水系统。每逢下雨时,积聚的雨水通过龙头嘴的管道排出宝城外,以便环道干爽和减少坟冢的积水量。我们今天家里用的水龙头其叫法即源于此。除排水这一实用性外,威武凶悍的龙头也显示了皇权的至高无上,不可侵犯。同时,建造者们也是借此物之威力保卫亡灵。
各位贵宾,请随我一起登上方城明楼。
请大家看这块碑,它高 5 米,宽 1.2 米,碑身字体“大明恭睿献皇帝之陵”为嘉靖皇帝亲笔书写。这块碑具有特殊意义,它是整个显陵的名片,对显陵申报世界文化遗产并最终获得通过起了重要的作用,大家看整个碑文的两边均遭到毁坏,唯有这块碑文完好,也无断裂,这不能不说是冥冥之中的天意啊!
让我们来感受一下显陵的恢宏与神奇吧!请大家放目远望,自新红门至陵寝的这条弯曲的龙鳞神道,恰似一条旱龙,龙尾三摆,龙颈三曲,煞是鲜活。新红门与旧红门不在一条中轴线上不正式显示出了龙尾摆动的生气吗?再看九曲河,穿插于旱龙左右尤如一条水龙蜿蜒潜行,与旱龙在内明塘外交汇,形成二龙戏珠之妙。而内明糖则依风水理论“龙气见风则散,遇水则止”。具有藏风聚气、界止龙气流失,象征明代山水永固之意。此水陆二龙的设计,使整个显陵倍具生机与活力!
请大家在看整个陵区的大环境:依据古代风水学“负阴抱阳”、“背山面水”的原则,在这广阔的区域内所有的山体、水系、林木植都被作为陵寝的构成要素来统一布局和安排,以陵区后部的松林山为祖山作为陵寝的构成要素来统一布局和安排建筑,九曲河弯延其间,前面的天子岗为屏山,构成了前朱雀、后玄武、左青龙、右白虎的完美风水格局,形成了人文景观和自然景观的高度和谐统一。显陵不愧为古代建筑与环境美学相结合的天然杰作!
显陵的修建,是中国封建时代对灵魂信仰的集中体现,凝聚着明代中后期的政治思想、道德观念和审美趣味。同时,这种动用国家力量建造的陵墓,也反映了当时的经济状况、科学技术水平和营造工艺水平,是中国丧葬艺术的最高表现形式和建筑典范。
各位贵宾,在你们参观完显陵后,是否也会像联合国世界遗产专家让 · 路易先生那样发出同样的赞叹呢?当然,依显陵之博大,孕藏的文化历史之丰富,是在这短短时间内无法全部了解清楚的,加之我才疏学浅,知识有限,很多地方讲解尚有欠缺。为此,我将加倍努力,争取掌握更多有关显陵的知识,届时,欢迎大家再次来显陵参观游览,我也将为大家再次来显陵参观游览,我也将为大家献上更加精彩的解说。
谢谢大家!祝各位旅途愉快!
关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇(三)
我是您们的导游员(讲解员) ,下面将由我陪同大家一起游览并做讲解,希望在我们的共同努力下,一起去领略这个全人类共同财富的神韵和它背后的神奇故事。
在进入陵区游览前,我先就明显陵向大家做一个大致的介绍:
我刚才讲显陵是明朝恭睿献皇帝朱佑元陵墓,稍懂一点中国历史的人一定是想骂我了,明朝那里有过叫朱佑元的皇帝了?那我要说了,你知道的没错,我讲得也没错,不仅明朝没有,中国历史上也没有。因为中国历史上在编的皇帝的确没有这个人,因为他是中国历史上,也是世界历史上唯一一个在死后被追认皇帝的人,这也是显陵的奇特之处。尽管朱佑元生前没有当过皇帝,而在他死后被他儿子,后来当了皇帝的明朝嘉靖皇帝朱厚璁不仅追认为皇帝,而且还为他建造了中国历史上最大的皇陵。为了让显陵的规模超过中国历代皇陵,嘉靖皇帝在位 40 余年,动用了国库 40 余年的库银,几万名劳力建设了 40 多年,才建成今天的规模。它也是世界上建设周期最长的皇陵,也是全世界规模最大的皇陵之一。
显陵,是中国最早被联合国评为世界文化遗产的皇陵,而大家熟悉的明孝陵、十三陵都是在显陵成为世界文化遗产的四年后作为明清皇陵的扩充项目列入的,这主要是因为显陵有着明显的优势。首先,它完整地保留和体现了封建礼制,起着承上启下的作用,并影响到清代帝陵形制,他是明代帝陵最杰出的代表,它本身具有其它帝陵不同的独特之处:其中一陵两冢,为历代帝陵绝无仅有!中国没有,全世界也没有第二座!金瓶型外罗城、九曲回环的御河、龙形神道、圆形内外明塘也是其它帝陵绝对没有的。其次,显陵的建筑是利用中国风水理论“陵墓多与山水相称”的原则,将山水作为陵墓的有机组成部分,统一布局。建筑依山就势,错落有致,构成了一项建筑艺术与环境美学相结合的天才杰作。更重要的是,显陵的修筑是明嘉靖初年的重大历史事件“大礼仪之争”的产物。
显陵有这样多的奇特之处都符合联合国有关世界遗产的相关标准,连联合国世界遗产专家让路易先生都感到惊叹,说显陵真是一个“神奇的明显陵”。我不知道,大家游览完显陵后会有什么感想!会有什么的评价!好,各位,现在你们已经踏上明朝皇家陵地,请保持肃静,由我把大家带回到明朝……
首先我们看到的这块石碑叫“下马碑”,上刻“官员人等在此下马”八个大字,为嘉靖年间宰相严嵩手写,在我国封建社会,帝王的尊严是至高无上的,陵区被视为神圣的禁区,不仅老百姓不能随便出入,即使是朝廷命官到此谒陵,也必须在此下马,这块碑在当时具有法律作用,违者将受到严惩,同时,它是显陵重要的标志性建筑。
各位贵宾,我们面前的这座单檐山式建筑,叫新红门,穿过这座门我们就正式进入陵区了。显陵工程浩大,前后用了四十年的时间,占地面积 183.13 公顷,相当于 300 个足球场那么大,整个显陵由内外两道城墙环护,大家看,连接这新红门的城墙叫外罗城,墙高 6.5 米,厚 1.9 米。周长 3600 多米,红墙黄瓦,蜿蜒于山峦起伏中,雄伟壮观,大家所看到的这样大的外罗城当时在建陵的之后,各地官员从全国各地,各州、府、县上至东北。下至云贵,从一砖、一瓦、一石都向这里进献。每一块砖、一块瓦都有完整标明拉来自何处,可见工程之浩大。从空中俯瞰,外罗城为“金瓶”形状,“金瓶”在风水术在中认为不仅能饶气护生,而且是神仙所佩之法器。其寓意神圣吉祥。同时蜿蜒的城墙顺山势起伏,避免了建筑外在的生硬感,使之与自然环境更加和谐。显陵外罗城是明代帝陵之首创!其后的明清陵寝均沿袭了这一做法。
穿过新红门大家会发现依中国古建筑之规制,所有主要建筑均在中轴线为中心在两边展开,而新红门却偏离了中轴线,这是为什么?请大家带者这个疑问随我继续游览。
在我们的左手边大家看到的这个水塘叫外明塘,因处风水术中外明堂的位置(这个堂是厅堂的堂)故名。明堂是风水理论中的重要概念,原指陵区开阔的空地,要宽阔忌狭窄,宜山长发展之计。外明塘上接陵区九曲河出水,下通沧浪湖入水,它破墙而出,使外罗城有 90 米的缺口,说起这个缺口还有一段有意思的典故呢:据说当年嘉靖皇帝为了给自己的父母修建陵寝,耗资巨大,然国库银两短缺,拿不出如此多的款项,当朝的奸相严嵩便出计让各地知府出资筑陵,此计一出,全国各地迫于皇威相继筹措不等银两,唯云南和贵州两府因地处边远穷困地区,未能及时筹措到足够的款项,导致延误大工,后被嘉靖皇帝贬官严办,当时的设计师就决定在这一空缺段修一口明塘与两边的外罗城相连。而这一空缺段也就留下了缺—云南,少—贵州的说法。至今钟祥人仍将独缺什么说成缺—云南少—贵州。
关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇(四)
要想深入了解这座古都城,就必须首先对整个楚国历史及它所创造的灿烂文明有所了解。
按《史记·楚世家》和《国语·郑语》的说法,楚人是祝融的后裔。祝融是火神兼雷神,“能昭显天地之光明”,生时为高辛氏的火官之长,死为火官之神。祝融部落在夏朝时就已发展成为一个势力较大的部落集团,号称祝融八姓。殷商时期,祝融部落集团分布于上商之南境,因其生长牡荆,被商人称之为“荆”。西周时期,荆人的首领鬻熊,审时度势,率楚民背弃商纣王,西行投奔周文王,并受到周文王的器重。后来,周成王封鬻熊曾孙熊绎为楚君,荆楚开始跻身于诸侯之列,楚国正式诞生了。
熊绎建都于丹阳,即今襄樊市南漳县境内。熊绎的第四孙熊渠,是一位既有才识又有进取心的君主,他整军习武,趁着中原动乱之机,开始了开疆拓土的进程。春秋战国时期,楚地之主熊通,继续了熊渠的开疆拓土历程。熊通自称“楚武王”,成为天下诸侯中第一个敢于自己称王的国君。后文王即位,迁都于“郢”,今湖北宜城境内。楚成王时,楚国在令尹子文的治理下更显强盛,楚国的大国声威真正建立起来了。
楚庄王励精图治,武功之时,选拔孙叔敖实行文治,楚国出现了经济繁荣,文化灿烂的鼎盛时期。共王继位后,楚国开始走向衰弱。康王,灵王,平王,昭王之时,进一步衰落。公元前520xx年冬,吴,蔡,唐三国合兵攻楚,并陷落郢都,后秦楚联军击败吴军,昭王回到破败不堪的郢都,感伤满怀,与臣僚商议后,迁都长江北岸的今湖北荆州,都名仍为郢。
楚悼王谋求富国强兵之道,任用吴起变法,并取得了成效,一时间,楚国兵强马壮,横扫中原,初露称雄之势。威王后期,楚国成了七雄中唯一能与秦国抗衡的大国,“筚路蓝缕,以启山林”的楚国进入了最鼎盛的时期。但怀王未能把握好合纵连横的机遇,致使楚国在战国斗争中处于不利的地位,楚国开始走下坡路。公元前320xx年春,秦大败楚于丹阳,并夺取了楚汉中郢。公元前278年,秦军对楚国国都发起总攻势,很快占领了郢。顷襄王东逃至今河南淮阳,建立新都陈郢,后考烈王时,迁都寿郢,即今天安徽寿县。公元前246年,秦王赢政即位,开始统一全国的进程。公元前220xx年,秦军攻陷寿郢,绵延820xx年的楚国就此灭亡。
纵观整部楚国历史,楚子受封,昭王南征,楚子问鼎,吴起变法,宣威盛世,可以说春秋战国时期的湖北历史,从某种意义上说,就是一部楚国的兴衰史,其都城变迁丹阳,荆州纪郢,淮阳陈郢,安徽寿郢,纪南城见证了楚国的兴衰。
纪南城,位于荆州城北5公里。荆州为我国历史上的名城重镇,农商兴盛,地理位置十分重要,三国时诸葛亮称它 “据汉沔,利尽南海,东连吴会,西通巴蜀”,为历兵家必争之地。因在纪山之南,故名纪南。它是春秋战国时期我国南方最大最繁x的城市,楚国的国都,因楚国人将作过都城的地方叫“郢”,因此,纪南城又被称为“纪郢”。
据文献记载,公元前689年,楚文王“始都郢”,至公元前278年,秦国“白起拔郢”,楚顷襄王迁都陈郢,楚国共有二十个王在此建都,长达420xx年之久。
纪南城西有沮河自北向南流入长江,城东有夏水,扬水与江水交汇,城北有大道直通中原,水陆交通方便。在军事上,它可锁巴蜀,控吴越,争衡中原。在经济上,江汉平原沃野千里,物产丰富,是一个少有的富庶之地。
使楚国成为霸主的杰出人物是楚庄王。在这个历史人物身上,还颇有些传奇色彩呢!据《史迹》记载,他即位后的三年中,日夜作乐,不出号令,而且不准大臣讽谏。有位叫伍举的大臣,见庄王左抱郑姬,又抱越女,终日坐在钟声鼓乐之中,再也看不下去了,便采用寓言的形式讽谏说:“有鸟在于阜,三年不飞不鸣,是何鸟也”。庄王充满自信地说:“三年不飞,飞将冲天;三年不鸣,鸣将惊人”。遂罢乐听政。他任用贤能,开疆拓土,争夺中原,先后统一了五十多个诸侯国,被各诸侯国推为“盟主”。楚国的疆域在全盛时期,北至黄河,东到海滨,西至云南,南到湖南南部,包括长江,汉水,淮河流域最重要的地区。
在此基础上,楚国孕育了辉煌灿烂、影响深远的荆楚文化,孕育了世界文化名人屈原和他的《楚辞》。楚文化因楚国楚人而得名,是兴于周而对中x文化产生广泛影响的一种区域文化,绵延800多年,与周朝相始终。随着楚国一步步走向繁荣强盛,楚文化脱颖而出,进而与中原文化分庭抗礼,共同成为中x文化的两大主流。在以后的岁月中,南北两支x夏文化相互融合、转变、更新,一起铸就了古中国的灿烂文明。楚文化是在漫长的历史岁月中,不断发展壮大的。按楚文化不同时期的发展特点,可以把楚文化划分为滥觞期,勃兴期,鼎盛期和转变期四个阶段。楚人建都丹阳至周平王三十一年,即公元前740年,是楚文化的滥觞期;春秋时期是楚文化的勃兴期;战国时期是楚文化的鼎盛期;秦汉之际是楚文化的转变期。楚文化在民族精神层面的特征是积极进取,开放融合,革新鼎故和致死不屈。在民族心理层面的特征是崇火尚凤,亲鬼好巫,天人合一,力主浪漫,与中原文化尚土崇龙,敬鬼远神,天人相分,力主现实形成鲜明对比。在物质方面主要表现为漆器,木器及青铜器,丝织,刺绣及工艺品,郢都,宫殿及台榭建筑,帛画,壁画及屈骚庄文,编钟,琴弦及轻歌曼舞,祭祀膜拜等民俗。
纪郢作为楚国政治,经济,文化的中心,是当时我国南方最大的城市和全国最大的都会之一。汉桓谭《新论》记载:“楚之郢都,车毂击,民肩摩,市路相排突,号为朝衣而暮敝”。就是说,当时纪郢中,车碰车,人挨人,早晨出来穿的新衣服,到晚上就挤破了。这当然是有些夸张,但也说明当时纪南城是非常繁x的。
楚国后期的统治者不思进取。骄奢淫逸,使国力日渐衰退。顷襄王迁都陈郢后,楚国的大都会纪郢沦为废墟。
不过,人类在自然界留下的记载是难以泯灭的。1961年和1975年对纪南城进行的考察,获得了大量资料。当年的土城墙,仍尚存在。城内城外,地上地下,有春秋战国时期丰富的文化遗存,是研究当时社会变革和楚国历史极为重要的文化宝库。通过考古发掘,纪郢城内楚王台榭,宫殿及古建筑遗址历历可寻,陶器,铁器,铜器,筒瓦,板瓦等东周文化遗物俯拾皆是。纪南城址东西长4450米,南北宽3588米,面积约为16平方公里。城垣用灰褐色或黄色土筑成,现有高度3.9至7.6米,垣顶面宽10至14米,除墙身外,内外均有护坡。城垣外绕护城河,宽40至80米,与穿城而过的古河道相通。城垣四周发现城门7座,东垣1座,西,南,北各2座。西垣北门有3个门道,中门道宽3.6米左右,可通船只,是迄今为止世界上已发现最早的水门。城的东南部有大型宫殿遗址。附近有纺织,冶炼等作坊及商业区遗址。今城垣上立有郭沫若题写的“楚都纪南城”标牌。1962年楚都纪南城公布为全国重点文物保护单位。
纪郢城遗址周围楚墓遍地,离城不远的纪山,八岭山,雨台山和长湖边上的墓葬,规模相当庞大,埋藏了许多重要历史文物。几年前发掘了几座中型墓葬,出土文物就数以千计,其中如吴王夫差矛,越王勾践剑,越王州勾剑,楚王孙鱼戈,彩绘木雕小座屏,凤纹铜尊,错银龙凤纹尊及彩绘石磐等,都十分珍贵。是我国古劳动人民智慧的结晶。至于出土的成批的楚国竹简,更是研究当时历史的宝贵资料。这些历史文物是湖北历史悠久,文化灿烂的真实写照。
纪郢城内的凤凰山,自公元前278年秦国拔郢后,便成了秦汉时期的一处墓地。经钻探,在5.2万多平方米的范围内有古墓180多座,现已经发掘30多座,出土两千多件文物。1975年6月发掘的168号汉墓,葬于西汉文帝十三年,出土了一具保存完好的男尸,对于研究西汉初期的历史,文化,手工业以及医药,防腐技术等都有重要价值。因此,文物考古界将纪郢成为“我国南方不可多得的完璧”。
好了,各位朋友,纪南城就快到了,给大家10分钟的时间整理一下行李,就让我们一起进入这座古城,共同感受一下历史赋予它的厚重感吧!
关于湖北明显陵的导游词5篇(五)
今天 我们将要游览的就是黄鹤楼。黄鹤楼位于武汉蛇山之巅,是国家五A级风景区,黄鹤楼素有“天下绝景,千古好楼”的美称。与湖南岳阳楼,江西滕王阁并成为江南三大名楼。所以如果您来武汉不到黄鹤楼去看看,您会遗憾终身的。现在就请大家带好您的随身物品跟随我一起直奔主题吧!
现在在大家眼前的这座高楼就是黄鹤楼的主楼,主楼净高51.4米,外形类方正,四望如一。每边长35米,72根大柱拔地而起,60个翘角飞檐凌空,博采历楼之长,汇北雄南秀之风。金黄色的琉璃屋面古朴富丽,红葫芦形宝顶入夜闪闪发光,各层均具有非常浓厚的诗情画意。大家数数黄鹤楼一共有几层呢,是五层吗?其实大家只答对了一半,因为黄鹤楼是外五内九的建筑。现在先给大家留个悬念,等进了黄鹤楼再为大家揭晓谜底。下面我们就一起进主楼看一看吧。
我们现在所在的位置是黄鹤楼的一楼大厅。大厅宽22米,长14米,您看这些古香古色的大柱,周长有两米,它们直通顶层可以说是整栋楼的擎天柱。
大家再把目光移到这幅《白云黄鹤图》上,他是有756块彩陶版镶嵌而成,这幅壁画取决于驾鹤登仙的古神话,又有“昔人已乘黄鹤去”之意。大家看上面这位老者,口吹玉笛俯视人间,好像对人间恋恋不舍。他下面的那些群众,把酒狂欢,载歌载舞,仿佛是在喜迎黄河归来。大家之意到楼下的那些花了吗?是什么花呢?对了,就是梅花。梅花是武汉市的市花,作者在此也是想表明黄鹤楼的地理位置。
好,请大家随我到楼上参观。我们现在所在的地方并非二楼,而是一楼与二楼的夹层,俗称跑马廊。这样的跑马廊每二层之间都有这样一个跑马廊。刚才是黄鹤楼是外五内九的建筑,现在就为大家揭晓谜底。黄鹤楼本身有五层,每两层之间就有这样一个跑马廊,所以就有九层。这里陈列着一些历史的名人字画,大家可以欣赏一下。
现在呢,我们就到真正的二楼去参观一下。二楼中陈列着唐宋元明清和现代六座黄鹤楼模型。他们各自代表了其处各自时代的建筑风格。我们都知道古人的建筑大多以一条中轴线对称的向左右两边延伸,而大家看到的这个唐代模型可以说是再现了这一风格。看,它雄伟壮观,城与墙相连呈对称形式布局。整栋楼的颜色以绿色为主,黄色为其次。这种搭配看上去清新雅致。大家知道吗?唐代还是黄鹤楼从军事楼转变为观赏楼的转折期呢。大家再看一下宋代的楼,它的楼与城分离开来,更显雄伟,颜色也有原来的绿色转变为黄色,一则体现了当时烧制技术的革新,另一方面也说明了皇权的至高无上。而元代的形式延续了宋代的风格,明代则依然是两层。
请看这边清朝的黄鹤楼,它分三层,第一层有12个檐,代表着一天12 个时辰,第二层十二个檐,代表一年有12 个月,第三层的二十四个檐则代表一年24个节气。将我国天文历法与我国古代建筑结合起来,无不体现了我国古代劳动人民的智慧。遗憾的是在1884年的夏天也就是清光绪十年,它被雷火击毁了。
最后一座就是现在的黄鹤楼了。它是以清代黄鹤楼为基本,采用外五内九的模式。用现代材料钢筋水凝混合而成。可以说现代黄鹤楼是源于古代又优于古代了。
进入三楼,映入我们眼帘的是一副名为“文人荟粹”的陶版瓷画。画面人物神态各异,栩栩如生,再现了历代文人墨客来此吟诗作赋的情景。您看,中间那位黄袍加身的正是唐代大诗人崔颢。相传有一年,崔颢慕名来到黄鹤楼,他游览后即兴赋了一首诗:“昔人已乘黄鹤去,此地空余黄鹤楼。黄鹤一去不复返,白云千载空悠悠。晴川历历汉阳树,芳草萋萋鹦鹉洲。日暮乡关何处是,烟波江上使人愁。”这首诗意境美妙,是描写黄鹤楼的一首不可多得的好诗。又一年,诗仙李白来到黄鹤楼,看到崔颢的诗,并题到:“一拳打碎黄鹤楼,一脚踢翻鹦鹉洲。眼前有景道不得,崔颢题诗在上头!”吟完,搁笔而去。由于李白的推崇,崔颢的诗名声大振,而黄鹤楼也随着崔颢的诗名传四方。
四楼是黄鹤楼的文化活动场所,陈列了当代书画名家游览本楼的即兴之作,这里还专门备下了文房四宝,若是哪位游客有兴趣,不妨在此一显身手。
现在我们来到了黄鹤楼五楼的观景台。“欲穷千里目,更上一层楼”,在这里我们首先看到的是这幅名为“江天浩瀚”的组画,它面积达90平方米,在全楼壁画中是最大的。它由10幅彩画组成,正面墙上的三幅是组画的中心,第一幅由上而下记载了远古的长江文化演替发展的过程。第二幅是在石绿底色上用金线描出的水浪占据了全部画面,使人似乎站到了长江的一个横断面上,感受着急流东去的波涛。第三幅反映的是三国以后黄鹤楼产生和兴废的过程。其他几幅绕大厅一周,显示出了这组壁画的主题---永存。
现在再让我们到西边观赏武汉三镇的美景吧。眼前是滚滚东去的长江和使天堑变通途的长江大桥,还有对面龟山上高耸入云的电视塔,富丽堂皇的晴川饭店,如彩虹跨江的晴川桥黄鹤楼像一位老者,稳坐于蛇山之巅见证了武汉沧桑的历史和日新月异的今天,更以期待的目光展望着繁荣昌盛的未来。
大别山
在未到达目的地之前呢,请先允许我为大家简单介绍一下大别山。说到大别山啊,我想大家的第一个反映就是这是一片红色的土壤,是著名的革命根据地无数革命先辈们在这里留下了战斗的足迹。其实,大别山还是一个旅游、避暑、度假的胜地。这里山清水秀,空气清新,气候宜人,已经被开发为“大别山生态旅游区”。在这里不仅可以让你饱赏奇峰、险岭、怪石、云海之神奇,还可以让你尽情领略天堂秀水的风韵。
大别山国家森林公园位于鄂豫皖三省交界处,罗田英山县境内,现有野生植物1487种,动物634种,森林覆盖率达96%,是鄂东的生物基因库。1996年5月林业部组织专家组对大别山国家森林公园旅游资源进行了综合考察和评审,一致认为具有极大的开发价值,并正式批准为国家森林公园。
我们都知道,浙江有个杭州,湖北有个天堂。关于天堂又这样一首民谣:你说那个天堂高不高,就在这天上九重霄;你说那个天堂美不美,人在画里云中水;你说那个天堂妙不妙,上去一看就知道。今天我们游览的就是这“根生两省,叶落三县的”天堂寨了
又句古话说:仁者乐山,智者乐水,今天您在这步步皆有景,景景可如画的天堂寨中游览,可谓是仁者见仁,智者见智了。天堂寨是大别山主峰,号称中原第一峰,它雄踞一方,最高处海拔高达1729米,总面积有50多平方公里。公园内最神奇的景观便是山!景区以山雄、壑幽、水秀而著称。天堂寨沟壑纵横,曲折幽长,竞显深奥之形。涧中泉石错落,鸟语喃喃。溪畔林木掩映,翠竹藏幽,尽显自然本色。天堂水色秀丽,碧波流长。这里的水以清澈透明、甘甜滋润而称著。景区内溪流蜿蜒曲折,萦回于山谷之中。
在登山之前呢,需要提醒大家的又三点:第一,大别山是我国七大国家级森林公园之一,是我国4A级旅游风景区,所以在游览途中,请那些为我国烟草事业做出贡献的烟民朋友们委屈一下啦,我想各位也不忍心看到这么美丽的森林因为又了烟而又任何破坏是吧。第二,路边的野花不要采,您可不要说不采白不采,因为您有可能采下的就是天堂寨的寨宝,所以请大家手上留情,脚下留意,不要沾花惹草哦。第三,在游览途中,也请大家之一风景区内的环境卫生,保护好自己的人身、财产安全。那么人人向往的天堂寨到底如何?现在就请大家带好您的
随身物品,跟随我一起去天堂寨寻找答案吧。
来天堂寨最好玩的就是攀登顶峰了,去顶峰的路又窄又长又有荆棘当道,可以说是困难重重,艰难险阻。不过在这儿呢流行一句话:不登天堂寨,枉为罗田客。来,请大家根我走这条小路,这是去顶峰唯一的路,我们要先爬上天梯,拐过九曲十八弯,越过高山岭,最后翻过跑马岗,才能到达顶峰。大家是不是觉得越是觉得艰辛越能体会到攀登的快意呢?
大家现在所看到的就是被人们誉为“天堂三绝”之一的哲人峰。大家请细看,这个峭壁高约100米,酷似一硕大头颅,阔额浓眉,高高隆起的鼻梁,肉质丰厚的嘴唇,凝思北望,仿佛在思索着一个重大的哲学命题。这里的建筑,统一为明清式。大多都是依山就势掩映布局。相当具有山寨特色。山路崎岖,请大家小心脚下,注意安全。这里看似不起眼,其实呀它具有相当有利的军事条件。
在解放战争中,刘邓大军挺进大别山,是我军由战略防御转入战略进攻的历史转折点。1947年6月30日,刘伯承、邓小平率晋、冀、鲁、豫野战军主力——刘邓大军,依照党中央的战略方针,以超人的胆识和气魄人鲁西南强渡黄河,跃进大别山,胜利的揭开了人民解放军战略大反功的序幕。
朋友们,现在我们已经到达天堂寨的顶峰天堂顶了,站在这儿,环视天下,我们可以可见十万大山拥拜于下。向北望去中原就在脚下,南眺荆楚山水尽收眼底。站在天堂顶上,凌晨观日出会让您仿佛置身于九天之外,傍晚看日落则如在仙宫漫步。每当雨过天晴,早晨登峰观云海更是气象万千,茫茫云海,层层烟流,景色更是让人叹为观止,虽然我们现在没有机会看到这一番景色,但是如果您下次又机会再来大别山看到这样的景色,您一定不会觉得失望
长江三峡
众所周知,咱们华夏大地盘踞着两条世界巨龙,一条是被我们称作母亲河的黄河,一条可以说是孕育了中华民族的第二摇篮——长江,三峡是长江的一段峡谷,要想了解三峡呢我们首先得从了解长江开始。长江是我国第一长河,发源于青藏唐古拉山脉主峰,全长6300公里,长度位居世界第三,仅次于尼罗河和亚马孙河。长江在纳百川容千流之后,穿山越谷,气势磅礴,在重庆至湖北境内形成了举世无双的大峡谷——长江三峡,早就我们今天看到的雄伟壮观的百里山水画廊。
长江三峡东起湖北宜昌市南津关,西至重庆市奉节县白帝城,由西陵峡、巫峡、瞿塘峡三个峡谷组成,全长193公里。它是长江风光的精华,神州山水中的瑰宝,古往今来,闪耀着迷人的光彩,无数中外游客为之倾倒。朋友们,现在就请大家带好您的随身物品开始我们神奇壮丽的三峡之旅吧.....
我们现在将要看到的就是风光绮丽的西陵峡了,它西起秭归县香溪河口,东至宜昌市南津关,全长76公里,是长江三峡中最长的峡谷。因位于“楚之西塞”和夷陵的西边,因此我们叫它西陵峡。西陵峡过去以“险”出名,以“奇”著称,“奇”、“险”化为西陵峡的壮美。西陵峡中有“三滩”——泄滩、青滩、崆岭滩,“四峡”——灯影峡、黄牛峡、牛肝马肺峡和兵书宝剑峡。虽然现在由于大坝的修建有的景观已经不复存在,但三峡秀丽的风光仍不改色。
到了香溪河口,西陵峡的峡谷段就走完了,穿过一段山舒水缓的宽谷地带,便进入了巫峡。巫峡因巫山而得名,东起巴东县的官渡口,西止重庆巫山的大宁河口。全长45千米,是三峡众既长而又整齐的峡,因此人们也称它为“大峡”。我们可以看到,巫峡峡长谷深,迂回曲折,船在峡中行,时而大山当前,“山穷水复疑无路”;时而峰回路转,“柳暗花明又一村”,所以有人把巫峡比喻成一条“迂回曲折的山水画廊”实在是再恰当不过了。我们都知道,巫峡是以幽深秀丽而闻名的,而其中尤以那排列在大江两岸的巫山十二峰为最。以前船过巫峡时,旅客们总是情不自禁地依栏眺望,兴致勃勃地欣赏著名的巫山十二峰。这十二峰全由石灰岩组成,高出江面千米左右,屹立在峡江南北,有的形似画屏,有的峰若聚仙……千姿万态,引人入胜。
篇14:英文导游词范文
Welcome to guilin! My name is xijingjing, and Im very glad to be your local guide for todays visition. Now , Id like to give you a brief introduction of the guilin, guilin is famous as tourist city in the world , attracting a great number of tourists who are from all over the word .With the increasing number of tourists ,the construction of tourist service facilities have been developed rapidly in GuiLin.Nowadeys ,there are over 20 air routes that can reach Hong Kong and the other major domestic tourist cities . 现在, 桂林已经成为一个世界的重点旅游城市, 每年都吸引大量的中外旅游者前来游览, 随着游客的不断增多, 桂林市的旅游服务设施建设也在迅速的发展。 现在已有 20 多条空中航线可直接飞香港和国内的各个主要的旅游城市。 Guilin is a renowned historical and cultural city with 20xx years of history and a famous tourist city.GuiLin have a great number of ancient cultural relics, for example ,the han tombs in yanshang mountains ,the ancient pagoda of the tang dynasty , sculptures on the precipices of west mountains in tang dynasty,the ruin of dahe kiln of the song dynasty ,huaqiao ,tombs of king jinjiang of the ming dynasty ,the city wall of the ming dynasty ,and so on . 桂林具有两千年的历史文化名城, 著名的旅游城市, 桂林有着众多的古文化遗迹,如雁山汉墓群、 唐代的木龙古塔、 唐代的西山摩崖造像、 宋代的大河窑址、 花桥、明代的靖江王墓群。 明代的王城等 GuiLin locate in the Limestone karst landscape ,therefor guilin is not only surrounded by the stone in the urban area ,but also is surrounded by the weird shaped stone in the center city .It is surprised to everyone . There are many famous scenic spots. For example ,Trunk mountain, Diecai mountain, Seven Star rocks, and Fubo mountain ,and so on . 桂林处在石灰岩岩溶地貌, 所以不仅城区周围峰石环绕, 即使市区也是奇峰耸立,令人称绝, 独秀峰。 象鼻山、 伏波山、 七星岩、 芦笛岩等都以成为特色的旅游景点。 There is much characteristic food in Guilin . Nowadays , Sichuan Food and Cantonese cuisine are vary popular . From splendid restaurants to local snacks, tourists who are from around the world can find that your need is met beyond your expectations. The most popular local snacks including Guilin rice noodles (mifen), nun noodles, chestnut glutinous rice dumplings (banli zong), stewed duck with gingko, lotus-leaf duck and stewed duck with ginger. 桂林包括许多地区特色食品。 近年来, 四川菜和广东成为最受欢迎的。 从华丽的餐厅, 小吃,来自世界各地的游客一定会发现, 你需要的是 遇到超出您的期望。 最受欢迎的地方小吃 包括桂林米粉(蜜粉), 尼姑面, 板栗粽子(半粒宗), 白果炖老鸭, 鸭和鸭烧生姜莲花叶。 米粉 Rice noodles 扣肉 Braised pork 啤酒鱼 Beer fish 桂林人口有 125 万, 其中包括汉、 壮、 苗、 瑶等 11 个民族, 在桂林我们可以体验各种民族风情。 Guilin has a population of 1250000, including the Han , Zhuang, Miao, Yao , and other 11 ethnic groups,.In Guilin we can experience a variety of folk customs. That is all.thank you .i hope everyone has a good trip.
篇15:珠海圆明新园英文导游词
圆明新园以北京圆明园为原稿,按1:1比十景中的十八景修建而成,投资6亿元人民币,是我国首批4A级景区之一。它三面环山,南面平坦开阔,福海湖水域面积8万平方米。圆明新园集,所有建筑景观均按原尺寸仿建。大殿“正大光明”、“九州清晏”、“蓬岛瑶台”、“方壶胜景”组成中轴线为皇家宫殿式建筑群。
远瀛观
远瀛观景点是西洋楼景区的主要景点,从南北轴线上可划分为南、北、中三段。昔日曾是乾隆皇帝宠爱的香妃生活和娱乐的场福海中央,从岛上可隔湖眺望四周如画的景色。
长城
圆明新园的长城是按一比二的比例仿北京古长城而建,起点为南海雄关,终点至郭超山顶,沿途设有众多烽火台供游客风赏珠海全景及澳门景观。
大水法
大水法是远瀛观前的设施。与它前面的喷泉、汉白玉门柱上的精美雕刻组成一种异国情调。
配殿所展示的圆明园的诞生、盛期、焚毁、新园逢时等时期的珍贵图片资料,是中国近、现代史的缩影。
大宫门的上方悬挂着著名书法家启功先生题写的园匾“圆明新园”四个大字。门前的金水桥架落在形如曲月的御河上,桥外耸立着雕刻精美的华表和威武雄壮的石狮。
西洋楼群
建在长春园的一群欧洲式园林建筑,俗称西洋,由海晏堂、远瀛观、大水法等十余个建筑和庭园组成。它建于乾隆十二年至二十四年(传教士朗世宁、蒋友仁、王致诚等设计指导,中国匠师建造。建筑形式是欧洲时期巴洛克风格,造园形式为“勒诺特”风格。但在造园和建筑装饰方面也吸取了我国不少传统方法。例如:这些建筑主体为西洋式,楼顶装饰则采用中国古代传统的琉璃瓦。西洋楼群有几组水法(人工喷泉)颇为别致。
万方安和
万方安和,建于雍正初年公元1720__年。它的建筑形式很奇特,房屋建在水池里,成为一个万字型,寓意四海承平。房屋有三十三间,东西南北,室室曲折相通。在通风、保暖和采光等方面,都有独到的讲究之处,具有冬暖夏凉之妙。雍正帝最喜欢在这里居住。南面正室的匾额题有“万方安和”,后来便成为这一带的统称。雍正四年即“万方安和”建成的第一年,雍正赐弘历(即乾隆)读书于此处。
曲院风荷
始建于公元1720__年左右,这是仿杭州西湖的“曲院”。西湖的曲院,原来是宋朝的一处酿酒作坊,四周有池,荷花最多,随风摇荡其中,因而取名“曲院风荷”。乾隆很喜欢这个景致,于是南巡江南时仿此景置于园中。乾隆曾经赞扬此处佳景赛过杭州西子湖。
濓溪乐处
建于公元一七二七年左右,是园中赏荷的地方。在长满荷叶的水面上,有一组临水殿堂;有伸向水面的香雪廊。乾隆、嘉庆帝也特别喜欢在此吟诗作对。乾隆帝居于圆明园时,在濂溪乐处作诗最多。
平湖秋月
西元1720__年初已建成,是仿杭州西湖十景之一的平湖秋月,造型上融汇了杭州西湖平湖秋月和双峰插云之精华。它依山面湖,竹林茂密,每当秋深月皎,面对十顷澄湖,波光涟漪,有如置身於西子湖畔。
嘉庆曾对石舫有诗云:近水长屋以舫称,逢窗开处称吟。偶然假借名活画,活画方斯恐未能。
篇16:英文导游词范文
Yimeng is two branch of the Thai interpretation of mountains, refers to is the interpretation of the mountain, mengshan geographical area for geological coordinates, not only just old revolutionary base areas here is so simple, it is a relatively independent culture at the same time, belong to here in the history of civilization, is an important part of the qingzhou haidai culture.
Yimeng is not only a cultural concept, is also a tourism concept, yimeng tourist area located in the central and southern shandong province, contains the interpretation of mountain scenic area, ShanGui scenic area, mengshan cloud covered three scenic area, the core scenic area of 148 square kilometers, is the worlds cultural heritage, world famous Great Wall of qi seat longevity and health the holy land, now the national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot, national forest park, national geological park, national water conservancy scenic spot.
Yimeng here is cradle of culture, the town of mountain culture, historical and cultural background, dawenkou culture, longshan culture, YueShi ruins culture and so on several dozens. Has 10 to 16 emperors dengfeng, offerings, and for the Chinese five big town mountain top. Confucius "dongshan and small lu", a lot of letters, the holy man high step into range, buddhist preaching, leaving a large number of stone tablet inscriptions, psalms quote. Great Wall of qi site on the world heritage list by UNESCO, the worlds largest single giant carved carving longevity is in the guinness book of world records, otherwise tourism zone, the rain king temple east town temple, jade emperor Chinese style pavilion, flower and other well-known cultural landscape more than 110.
Yimeng mountain area is a famous old revolutionary base areas, the red river bank Mongolia spirit is a precious spiritual wealth of the party and the state. The yimeng ditty sung at home and abroad, by the United Nations educational, scientific and cultural organization named outstanding folk songs. Reflect the yimeng landscape folk songs sung by peng liyuan "who dont say my hometown is good by the highest votes for" charng-ers no.1 "satellite song fly into space. Yimeng tourist area is the classic red tourism scenic area, is the national key scheduling of the eight red do red tourism destinations, by the central party school, the national school of administration as the partys mass line practice education base.
Yimeng natural scenery, good ecological resources, forest coverage rate is as high as 95% above, negative oxygen ion content is extremely high, is advantageous "natural oxygen bar". Yimeng, known as "thirty-six peak seventy-two multifunction, 15 km above sea rush hours, mountainous, qifeng competing show, turtle mengding, 1156 meters above sea level the highest peak. , queer stones, when she was in the mountains, water GuCui, snowcapped in spring, summer, waterfall fountain, autumn red leaves, winter snow mountains. Tourist area there is a lion multifunction, failed and multifunction, nine longtan valley, lover, eagle nest peak, baizhang waterfall, waterfall in China, the cliff plank road high-quality natural landscape more than 300.
"Everyone said good yimeng, yimeng good scenery". Full, full of yimeng tourism, hospitality, honest honest yimeng people, sincere welcome visitors at home and abroad to negotiate business!
篇17:英文导游词范文
Hello, everyone. Today Ill take you to Famen Temple. Famen Temple islocated in Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province, 120 kilometers west of Xian city.Famen Temple is the countrys leading Buddhist holy land. It has been widelyworshiped by tourists since its completion. It was built in the late Eastern HanDynasty and has a history of more than 1700 years. It flourished in the northernWei Dynasty and flourished in the Tang Dynasty. It is a beautiful holy land HolyScripture with the real body of Sakyamuni Buddha The phalanx relic makes FamenTemple have an irreplaceable position in the world religious circles.
Famen Temple was built on pagodas. Famen Temple Pagoda, also known as the"true body pagoda", is named after Sakyamunis finger bone. Now we can see thatthe door we just came in is called "Shanmen", also called "Sanmen", also called"sanjiemen", because the previous temples were built on the mountain, becausethey were called "Shanmen". The left and right sides are wuxiangmen and wuzumenrespectively, and the middle is the empty door. We generally call monks enteringthe empty door, which probably comes from it.
Now we are standing here is the front hall of Famen Temple. In the mainhall, the Buddha of bhiluzana, the Dharma Buddha of Sakyamuni, is provided. Onboth sides are Manjusri Bodhisattva and Puxian Bodhisattva. On both sides of themain hall, there are eighteen Arhats, so the front hall is also called thebronze Buddha Hall.
We can burn incense and worship Buddha here, and then we have to walkclockwise along the corridor. If we walk counterclockwise, it means goingagainst the sky.
Now we come to the real pagoda of Famen Temple, but what we see is that itwas rebuilt in 1987. Famen Temple is famous for its placement in the phalanxrelic of Sakyamuni Buddha since ancient times. It is also because the relicbuilt the pagoda. It is recorded in the Buddha Hall that in 485 B.C., Sakyamuniwas destroyed, and Ashoka king of the Peacock Dynasty of India converted toBuddhism It was divided into 84000 pieces, distributed all over the world, andbuilt 84000 towers. There are 19 Buddhist relic pagodas in China, among whichFamen Temple Pagoda is the fifth. Therefore, the original Famen Temple wascalled asokang temple. Later, it was renamed Famen Temple in the seventh year ofWude, Emperor Gaozu of Tang Dynasty. It is still in use today. It is also knownas the "ancestor of Guanzhong Pagoda Temple".
Famen Temple was first built in the Eastern Han Dynasty. In the TangDynasty, Emperor Taizong rebuilt a four level wooden pagoda here to support theBuddha finger relic. The wooden pagoda built in the Tang Dynasty collapsed inthe Longqing period of the Ming Dynasty. In the Wanli period of the MingDynasty, a 13 story brick pagoda with eight edges was rebuilt by the monkHuayuan of Famen Temple, but half of it collapsed in 1981. In 1985, the localgovernment rebuilt the pagoda in order to rebuild it In 1987, when thefoundation of the tower was cleaned up for reconstruction, the undergroundpalace was unexpectedly discovered. Four Sakyamuni Buddha finger relics and 2499Royal treasures of the Tang Dynasty were unearthed. Famen Temple has become thefocus of attention all over the world overnight. Now lets go to the undergroundpalace to worship the Buddha finger relic.
At present, the total length of the underground palace of Famen Temple is21.2 meters, with an area of 31.84 square meters. It is the largest pagodaunderground palace discovered in China so far. The four Buddha bones found inthe underground palace are the most eye-catching. The third one is the spiritbone, which is the real finger bone of the Buddha. The other three are theshadow bones. The emperor of the Tang Dynasty ordered people to imitate themwith white marble in order to prevent the tomb robbers from stealing them. Butin the eyes of Buddhists, the shadow bone is also the holy bone, which has thesame meaning as the shadow bone.
After visiting the underground palace of Famen Temple, we came to the mainhall of Famen Temple, which is the honorific name for Sakyamuni. It was openedin 1994. It is dedicated to the five Buddhas of the tantric sect of Buddhism
It represents five directions, East, West, North and south. They are Bukongachievement, Amitabha, eight day Tathagata, Baosheng Buddha and achu Buddha.Next to them are 20 groups of heaven, representing the 24 heavenly gods in thesky. We can also burn incense and worship Buddha here.
Now we come to the display of treasures of the Tang Dynasty. There are 44national treasure level cultural relics and 99 first-class cultural relics. Itis one of the 88 museums in Shaanxi Province, which has the largest proportionof Chinas treasure level cultural relics. The first thing we see is a stonetablet, which is a material account tablet. It records in detail the name, sizeand size of the treasures in the underground palace. It is a national treasurelevel cultural relic.
In addition, the silk fabrics in Tang Dynasty are also very precious. Amongthem, the most complete one is cluster gold embroidery, which means contraction.This kind of fabric is called cluster gold embroidery, which is formed by thepattern of flowers on the gold silk plate and then fixed on the silk. Theembroidery skirt worshipped by Wu Zetian was made of this kind of fabric.
Among these things, the most precious cultural relic is the gold-plateddouble closed 12 ring stick, which is called tin. In fact, it is not made oftin, but it will make a sound when shaking the ring. It is named after thesound. There are also differences in the level of the staff. What we see nowbelongs to the king of the worlds staff. The staff is 1.96 meters long andweighs 2390 grams. It is made of two taels of gold and 58 taels of silver. Thestaff has four drums. Each drum is covered with three rings, four drums and 12rings. The four drums and 12 rings represent the highest level of magic power inBuddhism - Sidi 12 karma, So its mana is the highest. Only Sakyamuni, thefounder of Buddhism, is qualified to hold this kind of staff, so it is the kingof the worlds staff.
Besides, we can also see some utensils dedicated to the Buddhas fingerrelic. The most precious one is the gold-plated real Bodhisattva. TheBodhisattva is covered with pearls, and has a lotus leaf shaped tray in hishand. On the tray is a pure gold plaque with words. It is proved that it is a 39year old birthday gift from a monk named Chengyi to Li Cui, Yizong of TangDynasty. The reason why it is precious is that this Bodhisattva also completedan important historical mission. In order to welcome the Buddhist relics ofFamen Temple, Tang Yizong Li Cui once said, "if you can see the Buddhist relicsin life, you will die without regret.". Therefore, after welcoming Changan, therelic was placed on the lotus leaf plate held by the Bodhisattva when it waskneeling.
Finally, I hope all of us can let go of all kinds of troubles brought bythe world during this pilgrimage, live according to the fate, and practice inlife, in order to obtain a sincere, kind and righteous heart. May Buddha andBodhisattva bless you, and wish you good luck.
篇18:2025英文导游词
There are words that: the sight of the sea water, the body to penglai is a fairy; Fairyland sea wonderland cannot find, find the fairy.
Distinguished visitors, hello, and welcome to the known as "paradise on earth," said the penglai pavilion to visit tourist. Im the tour guide to service for you, I... .
Penglai pavilion is located in yantai penglai city. Penglais charm lies not only in its heavy historical and cultural accumulation and the diffused scenery, also is that it has a beautiful myths and legends. Shanhaijing and I book the penglai, yingzhou, the abbot three graphically depicts the sacred. Then the king sent explorers were all at sea for mountain; Qin shihuang east tour for medicine; The emperor USES fangxian, etc. According to historical records, penglai to often appear a north sea, the scattered gas, get together and forming, elusive and unpredictable. Those good things to the alchemist in a fantasy magic deduce the legend of three mountain sea mountain, lifelike picture a desirable fairy world, added a few minutes to penglai. Later "ensemble" also to join here, more vivid and attractive, referred to as the "wonderland" is worthy of the name.
Now penglai pavilion scenic area centered on danya mountain, penglai shuicheng hotan hengshan as two wings, is a natural scenery and human landscape and be in harmony an organic whole of sites of scenic spot. Penglai pavilion was built in the northern song dynasty jia on six years (AD 1061), after the song, Ming and qing three generations of constant expansion and renovation, the size of the form now.
Penglai pavilion stands Yu Danya mountain, sea of clouds light wave surrounded by mountains, sea and mountain scenery emerge in endlessly. The grand buildings from the penglai pavilion, the queen of heaven, dragon palace, Lv Zudian, cliffs, MiTuo temple six monomer and its affiliated construction, covers an area of 1.89 square kilometers. Because of penglai pavilion magical sights and grand scale, and the yellow crane tower, yueyang tower, tengwang pavilion and referred to as the "four famous towers in China". Pavilion literati in calligraphy, couplets and inscriptions, abound. Published in 1982 by the state council as the national key cultural relics protection unit. On December 24, 20xx penglai pavilion scenic area as the first national 5 a-class tourist scenic spot.
Said ok, we have to penglai pavilion, now, let us together along the old imperial fairy found footprints, walk into fairyland to meetthe you immortal!
We have now come to the front of penglai pavilion, look at "the world penglai", this is the four pillars to the type of single eaves coloured drawing or pattern, frontal subject "human penglai" four characters, and for the script of su dongpo. Inside and outside the pillar were inscribed on both sides of the artist liu haisu topic "penglai pavilion, amazing spectacular momentum XiongJun danya mountain" and bother me inscribed "danya Joan pavilion is at large, blue fairy if mind leap" couplets, reveal the arched gate of fairyland, visitors can start immortal tour.
See next is MiTuo temple, was built in the tang dynasty, this is the only buddhist temples to penglai pavilion scenic. Inside the main hall of worship is three SAN eighteen arhats in the west. Is in the middle of amitabha, the left is the avalokitesvara, is on the right is a general trend to bodhisattva.
What we see now is "danya wonderland" fang, fang forehead "danya wonderland" four word was written by dong to mention. Into the wonderland of natural psychic ability, now you see visions. Manifestations of the gate we went west to the dragon palace. Dragon palace QianDian inside to worship the dragon king of the two generals gatekeepers, east to dinghai, general west for general jing hai. Walked into the dragon kings throne room, sitting among the east China sea dragon king AoGuang. The east stand were patrolling the sea hag, clairvoyance, tripterygium wilfordii and electricity. On the west side of the catch fish lang, clairaudient, wind and the rain god.
To move forward, we have entered the temple QianDian, first of all, you can see on the wall there is a word, you know not to know what a word is this? , "shou" word, just the life of word and ordinary life of words is different, it is by the five dynasties bodhi old zu Chen tuan book, it is made up of three words, are "rich", "Mr", "Lin" form a "shou" word, means to tell us: to be rich, if you want to live longer, have to a variety of trees.
Further on we came to the throne room, you can see, in the middle of sacrifice this is days empress, she in fujian and Chinese Taiwan area was known as the "mazu", her name is called Lin Mo, fujian putian person, wont cry when it is said that she had just been born, so her parents gave her a name called Lin Monian, she is very smart, at the age of five will chant, at the age of twelve to maritime induction very efficacious, so she often helps fishermen had at the seaside again and again to the perils of the sea, unfortunately she was twenty-eight years old that year were lost at sea, in memory of her people, by the sea built temples to worship her. It is said that she was very efficacious, soft touch, so this is the place where the penglai pavilion, incense is the most exuberant.
To move forward in our left hand side is the "blue sea steps" sharpening. "Educational spirit of the" four word is written by Mr Feng yuxiang. So why did he write down here "educational spirit of the" four word? It is said that after the 918 incident in 1931, Japan began to large-scale invasion, Chiang kai-shek, not only not advocating anti-japanese, but also the civil war, feng yuxiang is compelling, Chiang kai-shek cant take part in the anti-japanese, mood is very low. Another patriotic general in the kuomintang Li Liejun feng yuxiang in 1934 May invite to visit penglai, discuss the anti-japanese, then wrote a couplet Li Liejun, top allied is: if our stone, the same steps helped himself; Allied is: jiangshan picturesque, all by hand to hand, holding things around. Feng yuxiang let out a horizontal batch, the feng yuxiang then start to write down the "blue sea steps" these four words, later generations to commemorate him, just four words engraved on it to here.
We look this way again, this is the main body construction "penglai pavilion", it with the yueyang tower, yellow crane tower and tengwang pavilion And called Chinas four famous towers. It was built Song Jiayou six years, "penglai pavilion" three word above is by the qing dynasty calligrapher TieBao book. Now on the first floor is some penglai scenery photo exhibition, the second floor of the eight immortals drunk wax.
Through the penglai pavilion, come back.
Shelter pavilion, formerly known as a pavilion, built in zhengde eight years (1513) magistrate yan t l. application building. Pavilion wall engraved stone 25 square, one of the Ming dynasty yuan can force the concept of a poem, dong qichang allograph, warm jade sharpening, motorcycling, as into a quiet said. Another ShiRunZhang, Kong Jisu script in the qing dynasty, is a very precious calligraphy. But I want to say the magic blurred was not here, but the shelter pavilion buildings stand on a mountain, facing the sea, but no matter what kind of wind blowing, you in the booth in the lighting a candle, the flame will still. Friend, dont you think its mysterious?
Now let me tell you the secret, from the north side of the pavilion is a brick walls, the walls to halfway up the pavilion, the walls of the city and an arc. So when the north wind blow to the curved walls, formed a strong airflow, rising sharply. Flying over the roof, to the south, booth in then there is no wind. Plus what pavilion south three sides is a wall, only the north have doors and Windows, air convection. So, despite the wind roar, doors and Windows wide open, booth in silk still, but wind candles not jing.
Continue to go to the east is lie on display. It is su shi "a poem today", "book after wu daoxuan painting" banner named tablet. The front of the monument is cursive "book after wu daoxuan painting", is a regular script on the back of the projects the poem ". Small at the back of the words in front of the inscriptions is big, we all know that su shi is like drinking poems, tribute wine when it is becoming more and more bold. After experts identified this is su shis original. Side and the qing dynasty Gong Bao antithetical couplet of "mirage mirage, loyal son namely fairy" that is the fairy wonderland is unreal unreal, only faithful to the country, the man is really a filial daughter of the gods.
To move forward we came to the su gong tie is the temple, to commemorate su dongpo su gong tie is shrine was built. This is su dongpo among image sharpening calligraphy, the original six let temple in guangzhou. He has worked in in 5 year. But save in this short five days made two good thing for the people of penglai. One is to build coastal defence, the other is reduction the salt tax of the people. In penglai folk have circulated su gong tie is "knowledge in five days, one thousand temple" 美谈.
This is called bing, floor, say again your back floor, stair climb, vision, and make a great place for the sunrise. The dance epic "the east is red" big history, has been chosen as a background, the film at the beginning of the picture of the sunrise is taken here.
Landmark is beside penglai pavilion shining floor, we saw from the mountain is the highest building in it. In the past is indicates the lighthouse beacon.
Standing here we see the penglai shuicheng, another name for city. Is the first port in ancient China, the portal of the east. Since the han dynasty was listed as a military town. Song Qingli for two years, when driving a ship called water-forces "saury ships", the walled city is called "saury village". Ming hongwu nine years, the Ming government in order to prevent the enemys attack, as saury village built on the basis of the wharf, formed the shuicheng prototype today. City have two doors, the north is called the watergate, is the throat of in and out of the sea. South gate called powersun door, and land are interlinked. This is also where practice qi jiguang wenhuan.
Now the house is in front of us is Lv Zudian, Lv Zu is lu dongbin, pavilion with lu dongbin like stone. Go ahead cliffs, enshrined in Taoism, is considered the father of the three, they are pure spi Buddha, too clear moral Buddha, jade qing yuan Buddha.
Further on, we came to the last penglai pavilion scenic spot - the cloud palace. Legend has it baiyun palace is a place where they have himself. In "goddess marriage", they have a lyrics, "my family live in penglai village". Hand-woven cloth in penglai village, of course, is dedicated in Asgard, so, out of the clouds of palace, even if returned to the earth.
Ok, above is the penglai pavilion are the main attractions, you can now take pictures photos, after 15 minutes, in this collection we get in the car and went to the next attraction.
篇19:北京恭王府英文导游词
各位游客:
恭王府花园为位于恭王府后的一独具特色的花园,又名萃锦园,位于柳荫街甲14号,建于1777年,据考证是在明代旧园上重修的。全园占地面积2.8万平方米,有古建筑31处。恭亲王为重建花园调集百名能工巧匠,增置山石林木,彩画斑斓,融江南园林艺术与北方建筑格局为一体,汇西洋建筑及中国古典园林建筑为一园,建成后曾为京师百座王府之冠,是北京现存王府园林艺术的精华所在,堪称"什刹海的明珠"。其中园中的西洋门、御书"福"字碑、室内大戏楼并称恭王府"三绝"。某些红学家认为此园可能是曹雪芹笔下《红楼梦》中大观园的原型。
王府是北京规模最大、保存最完整的清代王府,位于什刹海西北角,前海西街17号,现为全国重点文物保护单位。恭王府始建于十八世纪末,早期为乾隆年间大学士和珅宅第,嘉庆四年(公元1799年)和珅获罪,宅第被没收赐与庆郡王,咸丰元年(公元1851年)改赐给恭亲王爱新觉罗·奕?。
清代王府有严格的规制,规定亲王府有大门五间,正殿七间,后殿五间,后寝七间,左右有配殿,形成多进四合院,不少府邸有后花园。但许多王府经历沧桑,早已面目全非,只有恭王府是北京现存最完整、布置最精的一座清代王府。著名学者侯仁之先生称之为"一座恭王府,半部清代史"。
恭王府分为平行的东、中、西三路,是世界最大的四合院。中路的三座建筑是府邸的主体,一是大殿,二是后殿,三是延楼,延楼东西长一百六十米,有四十余间房屋。东路和西路各有三个院落,和中路建筑遥相呼应。王府的最后部分是花园,二十多个景区各不相同。
恭王府花园在造园手法上既有中轴线,也有对称手法。全园分为中路、东路、西路三路,成多个院落。中轴上依次是园门、飞来峰、蝠池、安善堂、方池、假山、邀月台、绿天小隐、蝠厅。中路建筑和山水基本对称,东、西两路只是山体对称,建筑不对称。整个园林由六条山龙围合:南面、东面、西面各有两山,中路后部有一山为中龙。
篇20:颐和园英文导游词
Everybody is good! My name is presented, your tour guide, today we will visit is rated at 29 "world cultural heritage" in the Summer Palace. I hope my sincerity and enthusiasm can bring happiness to you!
The Summer Palace is one of the most vast imperial gardens in the world, is Chinas largest, protect the most complete existing royal garden museum. Was built in 1750, formerly qingyi park. Qianlong, jiaqing and daoguang and xianfeng emperor palace garden. In 1860 by British and French troops burned down. In 1886, emperor guangxu reconstruction on the original base according to the original size, two years later renamed the Summer Palace, the empress dowagers remaining land. In December 1998, UNESCO listed in the "world heritage list".
Park is mainly composed of longevity hill and kunming lake, two big scenery to, lake between the mountains, a pavilion, table, floor, palaces, temples, pagodas, waterside pavilion, pavilion, veranda, long beach, stone bridge, stone fat place full of national features of classical architecture, veranda, the countrys longest promenade, the distant mountains near water, become an organic whole repeatedly has the very high artistic value
Longevity hill belongs to yanshan -odd arteries, 58. 59 m. Buildings and mountain building, before the longevity hill mountain, three to eight surface layer as the center, four double-hipped roof of Buddha incense of the main body of large buildings. From the foot of "prout catamarans brainpower-computer" arched, the rows cloud gate, two of palace, cloud temple, DE hui temple, Buddha incense, and the wisdom of the sea, until the top of the mountain formed up in layers of a central axis.
Kunming lake is the main lake, the Summer Palace, three-fourths of the dominated area, about 220 hectares. Former lakes rippling, south of lake Simon Simon, a castle in the west, north look at the ups and downs in groups; There is a west causeway lake, and on the peach willow lines; The marble seventeen-arch bridge which lies on the lake, the kunming lake is the largest lake in the royal gardens in qing dynasty.
Today, our visit to this end, hope pleasant scenery of the Summer Palace, and I can become you the interpretation of wonderful memories! Thank you all!