北京故宫导游词讲解简单(精彩20篇)

亲爱的游客们：

大家好!我是你们的向导，我叫徐英可，叫我小徐好了。现在我将带领你们游览故宫，欣赏我国的文化遗产。

故宫为我国明清二朝的皇宫，也是现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。所以我们在游览时应当不乱扔垃圾、不触摸物品，这样才能欣赏到有着历史气息的故宫。(提醒游人游览时应注意的地方)

进了太和殿的大门，展现在大家面前的便是一座座雄伟的宫殿。正前面那座最大的木构建宇，很是引人注目，那就是太和殿。它是皇权的象征，每当有重大活动是，皇帝都在此举行。后面的一排金碧辉煌的尬宫殿，分别是中和殿、保和殿。(按照游览顺序介绍)

游完了辉煌的太和殿，再向北走，我们能感觉到这儿的生活气息很浓。这里的一切起居用品在当时都是堪称一流的，后宫里的户外养心之处是御花园。它格局、布局紧凑，古色古香，花草树木点缀其间。亭台楼阁相依相承。是个清心雅致、赏心悦目的好地方。大家跟着我走，故宫东边这座角楼和其它三座角楼遥相呼应。它们的造型奇特、精美绝伦，与周围环境构成一幅完美的图画。

The tourists who are sleeping can wake up. I understand that we are alltired. After several hours of long-distance bumps, now we finally arrive at ourdestination today - Jiuhua Mountain. Lets get out of the car and start ourjourney to Jiuhua Mountain. Lets follow me and dont fall behind. At thismoment, we are going up the winding mountain road and the mountain steps toreach Fenghuang pine, the oldest ancient pine in the world. You can have a lookat it, its like a flying phoenix, it seems to welcome us. Along the way ofphase II, I believe that when you hear the chirping of birds and the gurgling ofmountain springs, together with the laughter of our tourist friends, you willnot really answer the old saying "there is no one in an empty mountain, but youcan hear peoples voices".

Now we are halfway up the mountain. In front of us is Guanyin peak. You cansee that the stone is very lifelike, wearing a big red robe. When the mountainwind blows, the red robe flutters slightly, just like the arrival of Guanyin.Further up, you can see the broad ancient Sutra worship platform. You can seethe footprints left on the granite by the Bodhisattva of Tibetans during hismeditation. It is 2 times larger than the footprints of normal people. 9 times!Friends who are interested can take off their shoes and stand in the footprintsof the Bodhisattva of the king of Tibet to see if our feet are only one third ofthat!

Well, now we finally arrive at the terminal, Tiantai temple. Tiantaitemple, also known as dizang temple, is located at the top of Tiantai peak at analtitude of 1306 meters. It is said that there are traces of "Jinxian cave" leftin the holy residence of senior monks in the Tang Dynasty. Standing at the topof the peak, I just feel that the depression in my heart suddenly disappeared,and I feel very comfortable. Although Jiuhua Mountain is not as grand as MountTai or as dangerous as Mount Huangshan, it is famous both at home and abroad forits beauty!

舍身崖(站在救苦殿门口)向右走是通往舍身崖景区的，由于我们今天的主要目的地是山顶老君庙和伏牛山主峰的自然风光，所以在这里我就先给大家简单的介绍一下舍身崖，等我们大家回来的时候有时间愿意去我们再过去。翘首而望，看那古松摩云，危崖欲倾，确实雄伟壮观。这就是老君山一处胜景“舍身崖”，每当日落之时，此处“余辉返照千山色，满峪参差人画中”，瑰丽的晚霞映着诡奇万状的险峰怪石，奇光异景，色彩缤纷，令人赞叹不已。关于这美丽如画的“舍身崖”，还流传着一个悲壮动人的故事：

民间传说古时山下有一个叫春女的孝媳，公公、婆母身染重疾，久治不愈，听说老君灵验，便登山拜老君求医。在向老君祈祷的过程中，孝媳许愿说只要双亲病愈，愿舍去自己的性命来报答神灵。果然，当返回家中时，公公、婆母都已康复，且已下地干活。于是春女还愿来到山上，毫不犹豫的从此处跳下深渊。石老汉夫妇见天黑了媳妇还没有回来，便打听，后来有人说见到她上山了，于是夫妇两人就请了十几个小伙上山寻找，在舍身崖的下边山谷里找到了媳妇的尸体，用木匣往回抬，越抬越沉，好不容易抬到石家门口，却看见春女容光焕发，端着热茶从屋里走出来，吓得小伙子们撂下匣子就跑。一传十，十传百，都说石家出鬼了。围观的人很多，这时候一个白眉毛白胡子的老道士来到当院给村民说“此家有孝媳，精诚感天地，黄金赐千两，增寿七十七”，说罢拂尘一扬，木匣自开，黄亮亮的黄金滚了出来。老道化作一缕青烟不见了，这时围观的人才明白过来，原来老君显灵，人们跪地叩头不止。后人为了纪念的春女的孝道，就将此处命名为舍身崖。

故宫英文导游词

forbidden city(紫禁城)

(in front of the meridian gate)

ladies and gentlemen:

i am pleased to serve as your guide today.

this is the palace museum; also know as the purple forbidden city. it is the largest and most well reserved imperial residence in china today. under ming emperor yongle, construction began in 1406. it took 14years to build the forbidden city. the first ruler who actually lived here was ming emperor zhudi. for five centuries thereafter, it continued to be the residence of23 successive emperors until 1911 when qing emperor puyi was forced to abdicate the throne .in 1987, the united nations educational, scientific and cultural organization recognized the forbidden city was a world cultural legacy.

it is believed that the palace museum, or zi jin cheng (purple forbidden city), got its name from astronomy folklore, the ancient astronomers divided the constellations into groups and centered them around the ziwei yuan(north star). the constellation containing the north star was called the constellation of heavenly god and star itself was called the purple palace. because the emperor was supposedly the son of the heavenly gods, his central and dominant position would be further highlighted the use of the word purple in the name of his residence. in folklore, the term ”an eastern purple cloud is drifting” became a metaphor for auspicious events after a purple cloud was seen drifting eastward immediately before the arrival of an ancient philosopher, laozi, to the hanghu pass. here, purple is associated with auspicious developments. the word jin (forbidden) is self-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-explanatory as the imperial palace was heavily guarded and off-limits to ordinary people.

the red and yellow used on the palace walls and roofs are also symbolic. red represents happiness, good fortune and wealth. yellow is the color of the earth on the loess plateau, the original home of the chinese people. yellow became an imperial color during the tang dynasty, when only members of the royal family were allowed to wear it and use it in their architecture.

the forbidden city is rectangular in shape. it is 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meter wide from east west. it has 9,900 rooms under a total roof area 150,000 square meters .a 52-meter-wide-moat encircles a 9.9-meter—high wall which encloses the complex. octagon —shaped turrets rest on the four corners of the wall. there are four entrances into the city: the meridian gate to the south, the shenwu gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(gate of military prowess) to the north, and the xihua gate(western flowery gate )to the west ,the donghua (eastern flowery gate) to the east.

manpower and materials throughout the country were used to build the forbidden city. a total of 230,000 artisans and one million laborers were employed. marble was quarried from fangshan country mount pan in jixian county in hebei province. granite was quarried in quyang county in hebei province. paving blocks were fired in kilns in suzhou in southern china. bricks and scarlet pigmentation used on the palatial walls came from linqing in shandong province .timber was cut ,processed and hauled from the northwestern and southern regions.

the structure in front of us is the meridian gate. it is the main entrance to the forbidden city. it is also knows as wufenglou(five-phoenix tower). ming emperors held lavish banquets here on the 15th day of the first month of the chinese lunar year in hornor of their counties .they also used this place for punishing officals by flogging them with sticks.

qing emperors used this building to announce the beginning of the new year. qing emperor qianglong changed the original name of this announcement ceremony from ban li(announcement of calendar)to ban shou(announcement of new moon )to avoid coincidental association with another emperor` s name, hongli, which was considered a taboo at that time. qing dynasty emperors also used this place to hold audience and for other important ceremonies. for example,when the imperial army returned victoriously from the battlefield ,it was here that the emperor presided over the ceremony to accept prisoners of war.

(after entering the meridian gate and standing in front of the five marble bridges on golden water river)

now we are inside the forbidden city.before we start our tour, i would like to briefly introduce you to the architectural patterns befour us .to complete this solemn, magnificent and palatial complex, a variety of buildings were arranged on a north-south axis, and 8-kilometer-long invisible line that has become an inseparable part of the city of beijing. the forbidden city covers roughly one –third of this central axis. most of the important building in the forbidden city weree arranged along this line. the design and arrangement of the palaces reflect the solemn dignity of the royal court and rigidly –stratified feudal system.

the forbidden city is divided into an outer and an inner count.we are now standing on the southernmost part of the outer count. in front of us lies the gate of supreme harmony .the gate is guarded by a pair of bronze lions ,symbolizing imperial power and dignity. the lions were the most exquisite and biggest of its kind. the one on the east playing with a ball is a male, and ball is said to represent state unity. the other one is a female. underneath one of its fore claws is a cub that is considered to be a symbol of perpetual imperial succession. the winding brook before us is the golden water river. it functions both as decoration and fire control .the five bridges spanning the river represent the five virtues preached by confucius :benevolence, righteousness, rites, intellence and fidelity. the river takes the shape of a bow and the north-south axis is its arrow. this was meant to show that the emperors ruled the country on behalf of god.

(in front of the gate of supreme harmony)

the forbidden city consists of an outer countyard and an inner enclosure. the out count yard covers a vast space lying between the meridian gate and the gate of heavenly purity. the “three big halls” of supreme harmony, complete harmony and preserving harmony constitute the center of this building group. flanking them in bilateral symmetry are two groups of palaces: wenhua (prominent scholars) and wuying (brave warriors) . the three great halls are built on a spacious “h”-shaped, 8-meter-high, triple marble terrace, each level of the triple terrace is taller than the on below and all are encircled by marble balustrades carved with dragon and phoenix designs. there are three carved stone staircases linking the three architectures .the hall of supreme harmony is also the tallest and most exquisite ancient wooden-structured mansion in all of china. from the palace of heavenly purith northward is what is known as the inner court, which is also built in bilaterally symmetrical patterns. in the center are the palace of heavenly purity, the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility, a place where the emperors lived with their families and attended to state affairs. flanking these structures are palaces and halls in which concubines and princes lived. there are also three botanical gardens within the inner count, namely, the imperial garden, caning garden and quailing garden. an inner golden water river flows eastwardly within the inner court. the brook winds through three minor halls or palaces and leads out of the forbidden city. it is spanned by the white jade bridge. the river is lined with winding, marble –carved balustrades. most of the structures within the forbidden city have yellow glazed tile roofs.

aside from giving prominence to the north-south axis, other architectural methods were applied to make every group of palatial structures unique in terms of terraces, roofs, mythical monsters perching on the roofs and colored, drawing patterns. with these, the grand contour and different hierarchic spectrum of the complex were strengthened. folklore has it that there are altogether 9,999 room-units in the forbidden city. since paradise only has 10,000 rooms, the son of heaven on earth cut the number by half a room. it is also rumoured that this half –room is located to the west of the wenyuange pavilion (imperial library). as a matter of fact, although the forbidden city has more than 9,000 room-units, this half-room is nonexistent .the wenyuange pavilion is a library where “si ku quan shu”- china `s first comprehensive anthology-was stored.

(after walking past the gate of supreme harmony)

ladies and gentlemen, the great hall we are approaching is the hall of supreme harmony, the biggest and tallest of its king in the forbidden city. this structure covers a total building space of 2,377 square meters, and is know for its upturned, multiple counterpart eaves . the hall of supreme harmony sits on a triple “h”-shaped marble terrace the is 8meters high and linked by staircases. the staircase on the ground floor has 21 steps while the middle and upper stairways each have 9.

the construction of the hall of supreme harmony began in 1406. it burned down three times and was severely damaged once during a mutiny. the existing architecture was built during the qing dynasty. on the corners of the eaves a line of animal-nails were usually fastened to the tiles. these animal-nails were later replace with mythical animals to ward off evil spirits. there are altogether 9 such fasteners on top of this hall. the number nine was regarded by the ancients to be the largest numeral accessible to man and to which only the emperors were entitled.

there was a total of 24 successive emperors during the ming and qing dynasties who were enthroned here. the ball was also used for ceremonies which marked other great occasions: the winter solstice, the chinese lunar new year, the emperor` s birthday, conferral of the title of empress, the announcement of new laws and policies, and dispatches of generals to war .on such occasions, the emperor would hold audience for his court officials and receive their tributes.

this area is called the hall of supreme harmony square, which covers a total of 30,000 square meters, without a single tree or plant growing here, this place inspires visitors to feel its solemnity and grandeur. in the middle of the square there is a carriageway that was reserved for the emperor. on both sides of the road the groud bricks were laid in a special way seven layers lengthwise and eight layers crosswise, making up fifteen layers in all. the purpose of this was to prevent anyone from tunneling his way into the palace. in the count yard there are iron vats for storing water to fight fires. in the whole complex there are altogher 308 water vats. in wintertime, charcoal was burned underneath the vats to keep the water from freezing .why so vast a square? it was designed to impress people with the hall` s grandeur and vastness. imagine the following scene. under the clear blue sky, the yellow glazed tiles shimmered as the cloud-like layers of terrace, coupled with the curling veil of burning incense, transformed the hall of supreme harmony into a fairyland. whenever major ceremonies were held, the glazed, crane-shaped candleholders inside the hall would be it, and incense and pine branches burnt in front of the hall. when the emperor appeared, drums were beaten and musical instrument played. civilian officials and generals would kneel know in submission.

the last qing emperor puyi assumed the throne in 1908, at the age of three, his father carried him to the throne. at the start of the coronation, the sudden drum-beating and loud music caught the young emperor unprepared .he was so scared that he kept crying and shouting,”i don’t want to stay here. i want to go home.” his father tried to soothe him, saying, ”it` all soon be finished .it` all soon be finished ”the ministers present at the event considered this incident inauspicious. coincidentally, the qing dynasty collapsed three years later and there with concluded china `s feudal system that had lasted for more than 2,000 years.

(on the stone terrace of the hall of supreme harmony)

this is a bronze incense burner. in it incense made of sandalwood would be burnt on important occasions. there are altogether 18 incense burners, representing all of the provinces under the rule of the sing monarchs. on either side of the hall, 4 bronze water-filled vats were placed in case of fire. next to the terrace on either side, there is a bronze crane and tortoise, symbols of longevity. this copper-cast grain measure is called ”jialiang.” it served as the national standard during the qing dynasty. it was meant to show that the imperial ruler were just and open to rectification. on the other side there is a stone sundial, an ancient timepiece. the jialiang and the sundial were probably meant to show what the emperor represented: that he was the only person who should possess the standards of both measure and time.

in the very forefront of the hall of supreme harmony , there are 12 scarlet , round pillars supporting the roof. the hall is 63 meters from east to west and 37 meters from north to south, it is 35 meters in height. in front of this architechture, there stands a triple terrace with five staircases leading up to the main entrance .it has 40 gold doors and 16 gold-key windows with colored drawings on the pillars and beams. in the middle of the hall, a throune carved with 9 dragons sits on a 2-meter-high platform. behind the throne there is a golden screen and in front of it, there is a imperial desk . the flanks are decorated with elephants, luduan(a legendary beast), cranes, and incense barrels. the elephant carries a vase on its back that holds five cereals(i. e. rice, two kinds of millet, wheat and beans),which was considered a symbol of prosperity. as ancient legend has it that luduan can travel 18,000 li (9,000 kilometers )in one day and knows all languages and dialects. only to a wise adjust monarch will this beast be a guardian.

the hall of supreme harmony is also popularly known as jinluan dian (gold bell hall or the throne hall). the floor of the hall is laid with bricks that turn it into a smooth, fine surface as if water has been sprinkled on it .the so-called golden brick, in fact, has nothing to do with gold. reserved exclusively for the construction of the royal court, it was made in a secretive, and complex way, and, when struck, sounds like the clink of a gold bar. each brick was worth the market price of one dan (or one hectoliter ) of rice.

the hall is supported by a total of 72 thick pillars .of these, 6 are carved in dragon patterns and painted with gold and surround the throne. above the very center of this hall there is a zaojing, or covered ceiling, which is one of the specialities of china `s ancient architure. in the middle of the ceiling is a design of a dragon playing with a ball inlaid with peals. this copper ball, hollow inside and covered with mercury, is known as the xuanyuan mirror and is thought to be made xuanyuan, a legendary monarch dating back to remote antiquity. the placing of the caisson above the throne is meant to suggest that all of china` s successive emperors are zuanyuan` s descendants and hereditary heirs. now you might have noticed that the xuanyuan mirror is not directly above the throne. why? it is rumored that yuan shikai, a self-acclaimed warlord-turned emperor moved the throne further back because he was afraid that the mirror might fall on him .in 1916 when yuan shikai became emperor, he removed the original throne with a western-style, high-back chair. after the foundation of the people` s republic of china in 1949 the throne was found in a shabby furniture warehouse. it repaired and returned to the hall.

(leading the tourist to the bronze vats either on the east or the west)

the water vats in front of the palaces or house were called “menhai,” or sea before the door by the ancient chinese. they believed that with a sea by the door, fire could not wreak havoc. the vats served both as a decoration and as a fire extinguisher. they were kept full of water all year round.

during the qing dynasty, they were altogether 308 vats in the palace enclosure. they were made of gilt bronze or iron. of couse, the gilt bronze vats were of the best quality. when the allied forces (britain, germany, france, russia, the united states, italy, japan and austria) invaded beijing in 1900 under the pretext of suppressing the boxer rebellion, the invaders ransacked the imperial compound and scraped and gold off the vats with their bayonets. during the japanese occupation of beijing, many vats were trucked away by the japanese to be made into bullets .

(in front of the hall of complete harmony)

the square architecture before us is called the hall of complete harmony. it served as an antechamber. the emperor came here to meet with his countiers and add his final touches to the prayers which would be read at the ancestral temple. the seeds, snowers and prayer intended for spring sowing were also examined here. the two qing sedan chairs here on display were used for traveling within the palace during the reign of emperor qianlong.

(in front of the hall f preserving harmony)

this is the hall of preserving harmony. during the qing dynasty, banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of mongolian and northwestern china` s xingjiang princes and ranking officials. the emperor also dinned here with his new son-in-law on the wedding day. imperial examinations were also held here once every three years. during the ming and qing dynasties, there were three levels of exams: the county and prefectural level, the provincial level and national level. the national exam was presided over by the emperor. the civil service exam in ancient china started during the han dynasty. it served the purpose of recruiting confucian scholars to the ministers and high officials. during the tang and qing dynasties reinstituted and ancient system. once every three years, three hundred scholars from all over the country came to beijing and took exams for three day and night. this system was abolished in 1905.

(behind the hall of preserving harmony)

this is the largest stone carving in the palace . it is 16.73 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick .it weighs about 200 tons. the block was quarried in fangshan county, roughly 70 kilometers away. to transport such a huge block to beijing, laborers dug wells along the roadside half a kilometer apart, and used the groundwater to make a road of ice in the winter. rolling blocks were used in the summer. in 1760, emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty ordered the carving of the existing cloud and dragon design in place of the old one which dated back to the ming dynasty.

note : from here, the tour can be conducted via three different routes: a western route(route a), a central route (route b) or an eastern route (route c) .the commentary for each follows.

route a

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i ` d like to show you around the hall of mental cultivation and the imperial garden . the hall of mental cultivation is situated is in the western part of the innermost enclosure and is symmetrical to fengxian (enshrinement of forebears) hall in the east. this hall was built during the ming dynasty. it is a h-shaped structure consisting of an antechamber and a main building .the hall is surrounded by corridors. in front of the hall is the office of privy council.

before emperor kangxi of qing the dynasty came to power the hall of heavenly purity served as the living quarter of the emperors. emperor yongzheng chose to live in this hall and attended to every day state affairs from here .for the sake of protecting cultural relics, this hall is not open to the public .you can have a look at the inside from the door. the central hall was the audience chamber where the emperor read memorials, granted audience to officials and summoned his minsters for consultation. the western chamber of the hall was where the emperor read reports and discussed military and political affairs. the hall consists of many inner rooms and is decorated with images of buddha and miniature pagodas. on the screen wall there hangs a picture of two emperors in the han costume. in a southern room there three rare calligraphic scrolls, hence the name of the room “sanxitang” (room of three rare treasures) . the room on the eastern side is of historical interst because it was here that empress dowager cixi usurped power and made decisions on behalf of the young emperor . a bamboo curtain was used to separate them .

empress dowage cixi was born in 1835 in lu` an prefecture of shanxi province. she` s of manchurian nationality and her father was a provincial governor from south china. when she was 17 years old ,she was selected to become a concubine of emperor xianfeng and moved into the forbidden city. she gave birth to a son when she was 21years old and was made a concubine the following year. when the emperor passed away in the summer of 1861, her son ascended the throne and title of cixi, meaning “holy mother” was conferred upon her and she became the empress dowager. in that same year empress dowager cixi carried out a count coup d` etat and ruled behind the scenes with another empress dowager, ci` an, for 48 years. she passed away in 1908 at the age of 73. it was in reference to this situation that the term “attending to state affairs behind a bamboo curtain” developed .in 1912 , empress dowager longyu declared the abdication of the last qing emperor puyi. they were allowed to remain in the forbidden city for the next 13 years .the royal family was forced to move out permanently in 1924.

behind the central hall were the living accommodation of 8 successive qing emperors .three of them actually passed away here. the side rooms flanking the hall were reserved for empresses and concubines. now let` s continue with our tour. it will take us to the hall of heavenly purity , the hall of union and peace ,the palace of earthly tranquility, and the imperial garden.

route b

(inside the hall of heavenly purity)

ladies and gentlemen:

we are now entering the inner court. from the gate of heavenly purity northward lies the inner court where the emperors and empresses once lived .the hall of heavenly purity is the central hall of the inner court ,and was completed during the reign of emperor yongle of the ming dynasty. there are 10 pillars supporting the entire structure and the hall is 20 meters in height .in the center of the hall there a throne. above it hangs a plaque with an inscription that reads “be open and above-board,” written by shenzhi,the first emperor of the qing dynasty. beginning with qianlong` s reign, the name of the successor to the throne was not publicly announced .instead, it was written on two pieces of paper, one to be kept on the emperor` s person throughout his reign, and the other placed in a small strongbox that was stored behind his plaque. the box was opened only after the emperor passed away. altogether there where 4 emperors who ascended the throne in this way, namely qianlong, jiaqing, daohuang and xian feng.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperors lived during the ming and qing dynasties. according to tradition ,extravagant annual banquets were held here on new year` s eve in honour of royal family members. foreign ambassadors were received here during the late-qing period. two important “one thousand old men` s feasts” of the qing dynasty were also held here. all the invitees had to be at least 65 years of age.

this hall was also used for mourning services.

(inside the palace of union and peace)

this hall sits between the hall of heavenly purity and the palace of earthly tranquility, symbolizing the union of heaven and earth ,as well as national peace .it was first built in 1420 and reconstructed in 1798. the hall is square in shape ,and is smaller than the hall of complete harmony .you will see a plaque here inscribed with two chinese characters, wu wei, which were handwritten by emperor qianglong. a throne sits in the middle of the hall with a screen behind it .above the throne there hangs a caisson ,or covered ceiling. the emperor held birthday celebrations and other major events here.

in 1748 during emperor qianlong` s reign, 25 jade seals representing imperial authority were kept in this hall .no seals were allowed out of the room without the prior consent of the emperor. on each flack there is a water clock and a chiming clock.

(inside the palace of earthly tranquility)

this used to be the central hall where successive ming empresses lived. during the qing dynasty, it was converted into a place where sacrifices and wedding ceremonies were held .the room on the western side was used for sacrifices and the room on the east was the seeding chamber.

route c

ladies and gentlemen:

you have seen the three main halls of the forbidden city. now i` d like to show you around scenes of interest along the eastern route. the first is the treasure hall. this mansion is called the hall of imperial zenith. this is where sing emperor quailing lived after abdication. nearly 1,000 artifacts and treasures are on display here, among which the golden hair tower is one of the most famous. this tower is 1.53meters in height and its base is 0.53 meters in circumference .it was built under the order of emperor quailing to be used to collect fallen hair in commemoration of his mother. there is also a “day harnessing water jade hill ” on display here. yu was a legendary monarch of the remote ixia dynasty. under his leadership, the people learned how to harness the yellow river. this jade assemblage, 224 centimeters in height and 5 tons in weight, is the largest jade artwork in china. this mat was woven with peeled ivory. these artifacts are among china` s rarest treasures.

(in front of the nine-dragon screen)

this is the nine-dragon relief screen .erected in 1773,it is 3.5 meters in height and 29.4 meters in width. underneath is a foundation made of marble .the surface of the screen is laid with a total of 270 colored, glazed tiles in the design of 9 dragons ,some rocky mountains ,clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits the ancient chinese regarded 9 dragons, some rocky mountains, clouds and the sea. it was meant to ward off evil spirits .the ancient chinese regarded 9 as the largest numeral and the dragon as a auspicious beast .the 9 dragons are different in color and posture and all are made of glazed tiles. interestingly a piece of the third dragon from the left is made of wood. it is believe that when the nine-dragon screen was almost finished ,a piece of glazed tile was damaged .emperor qianlong was scheduled to inspect the work the following day .using quick wits, the craftsman in question molded the missing piece with clay and sailed through the imperial inspection. later ,he asked a carpenter to carve a wooden one to replace the one made of clay.

(approaching the imperial garden)

behind the palace of earthly tranquility and trading the north-south axis is the imperial garden. there are old trees, rare flowers and exotic rock formation in this garden .it cover a space of 11,700 square meters, or roughly 1.7 percent of the forbidden city. most of the structures in the garden are symmetrically arranged . however, each is different in terms of parrern and decoration. woods clumps of bamboo screen off the garden and strengthens its deep and serene atmosphere.

there main structure of the imperial garden is the qin` an hall. positioned in the central-northern part of the garden ,this hall is flanked by other halls and pavilions on the east and west. the hall sits on a marble pedestal. the taoist deity of zhenwu is enshrined here and emperor would pay homage here a quarterly basis. taoist rites were held during the reign of emperor jiajing of the ming dynasty. in front of the hall there is a cypress that is 400 years old .in all there are a dozen such rare trees in the garden, and most of them are cypresses or pines. to the northwest of the hall , there is the yanhui(sustaining sunshine) pavilion and to the northeast there lies the duixiu (accumulated refinement )hill. this hill was built over the foundation of the long- pershed guanhua (admiring flowers) hall of the ming dynasty. it is 14 meters in height and made of al kinds of rocks quarried in jiang su province. at its base stand two nstone lions, each carrying a dragon shooting water 10 meters up into the air from its mouth. there are meandering paths leading to the hilltop. at the top of duixiu hill sits the yujing (imperial viewing)pavilion. traditionally, on the day of the double ninth festival (the ninth day of the ninth lunar month ), the emperor ,his consort, and his concubines would climb up to yujing pavilion to enjoy the scenery.

at the southeastern corner of the garden is jiangxue(crimson snowy) verandah. nearby to the southwest lies yangxing study (study of the cultivation of nature) .the yangxing study was used as a royal library during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty. the last emperor of the qing dynasty, puyi once studied english there. in front of the jiangxue verandah some chinese flowering crabapples grow. the structure got its name from the crabapples who blossoms trun from crimson to snowy white. in front of the verandah, there grows a rare flower that was brought from henna province under the order of empress dowager cixi. in the northest is chizao tang (hall of using flowery language), once used as a library where rare books were stored.

there are also specific pavilions symbolizing the four seasons .the halls of wanchun and qianqiu ,representing spring and autumn respectively ,are square in shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shape and are coupled with multiple eaves and bell-shaped ridges. the halls of chengrui and fubi,dedecated to winter and summer, are characterized by two verandahs and bridges at their bases .paths were paved with colorful pebbles and arranged in 900 different designs.

the imperial garden can be accessed through the qiong yuan (jade garden )west gate or the qiong yuan east gate. a third gate, the shunzhen(obedience and fidelity)gate, opens to the north. its doors are laid in glazed tiles and it was only used by the empress or concubines.

as our tour of the forbidden city draws to a close, i hope that i have helped you understand why the palace is a treasure of china and one of the cultural relics of the world. it is under the strict protection of the chinese government. since 1949 when the people` s rupublic of china was founded, nearly one trillion rmb was spent on its restoration and refurbishment. the forbidden city has undergone four major facelifts to date. each year, the government earmarks a large sum to gather, sort and study cultural relics. the palace now contains a total of 930,000cultural relics. well, so much for today .let` s go to reboard the coach. thank you !

故宫是我国最大、最完整的皇宫，在世界上堪称最为壮丽的古代建筑群，己有近620xx年的历史。

故宫是我国明、清两代24个皇帝的皇宫，故宫的建筑布局分为外朝和内廷。外朝是皇帝举行大典和召见大臣的主要场所。其中建筑是太和殿、中和殿、保和殿这三大殿，文华殿和武英殿分立两侧。内廷是皇上处理日常政务和后宫嫔妃及幼年的皇子居住、游玩、奉神的地方。

故宫共有9000多间宫殿，雕梁画栋，殿宇辉煌，极尽华丽威严。故宫是我国古代建筑大师和能工巧匠非凡技术和丰富相象力的结晶。如：太和殿中有72根支柱，其中6根支柱是镀金的，上有金龙盘绕。透过栏杆往大殿里瞧，你们会瞧见大殿里金碧辉煌。宝座是镀金的，扶手是镀银的，4个香炉是用香木做的，真是富丽堂皇。太和殿后是中和殿，中和殿是皇帝休息的地方。最让你们惊叹的是保和殿后的一块石雕。石雕长16。57米，宽3。07米，厚1。7米，有200多吨重。上面雕着波涛汹涌的大海，腾云驾雾的飞龙。故宫真不愧为中国宝贵的文化遗产呀!

现在我给大家两个小时的自由参观时间。请大家面对我们祖先留下的这些文物时，要格外珍惜，小心，不要损坏，大家可以用照相机照下自己喜欢的部分。还有，除了照片，你什么也别带走，除了身影，你什么也别留下。

我们该回去了，希望大家喜欢北京，有机会再来北京参观其它20处文化遗产。

现在我们穿过彩绘绘画的山洞就来到了散养区了，首先看到的是天鹅，黑天鹅分布于澳大利亚和新西兰(包括澳大利亚、新西兰、塔斯马尼亚及其附近的岛屿。)，而澳大利亚珀斯又有黑天鹅的故乡之称。而白天鹅喜欢集群营巢，有固定的配偶，实行一夫一妻制，一旦配对后永不分离。除夏季外，其它季节均能产卵繁殖，年产二十多只，经公母天鹅轮流孵化，35天后小天鹅即破壳而出。刚出壳的小天鹅毛色灰白色，几天后即可下水游泳了，三、四月龄毛色逐渐转变成白色，6月龄后具有与成年天鹅一样的体型和体重了。

再往上走，我们就会看到蓝孔雀和白孔雀，我们可以用红色的手绢在它们眼前晃一晃，因为孔雀爱比美，可能会开屏哦。大家知道开屏的孔雀是雄孔雀还是雌孔雀吗?对了，是雄孔雀开屏，那你们知道雄孔雀为什么开屏吗?这是因为开屏是它们求偶的一种方式，它开屏的另一个原因就是防御外敌，当它们身体受到威胁，或侵害时，用尾巴上的“眼睛”吓退敌人。蓝孔雀原来产于印度和斯里兰卡。它主要生活在丘陵的森林中，尤其在水域附近。清晨和傍晚它们随其群到田地里觅食。由于孔雀吃年幼的眼镜蛇，因此在印度它们非常受欢迎，在许多地方它们不会遭到捕猎，它们可以非常亲人。

如果运气好的话，在散养区的最里边我们可以看到鸳鸯，鸳鸯害羞、怕人，因此，在游人多的地方，不容易看到。鸳鸯在人们的心目中是永恒爱情的象征，是一夫一妻、相亲相爱、白头偕老的表率，甚至认为鸳鸯一旦结为配偶，便陪伴终生，即使一方不幸死亡，另一方也不再寻觅新的配偶，而是孤独凄凉地度过余生。其实这只是人们看见鸳鸯在水中的亲昵举动，通过联想产生的美好愿望，事实上，鸳鸯在生活中并非总是成对生活的，配偶更非终生不变，在鸳鸯的群体中，雌鸟也往往多于雄鸟。咱们看到的天鹅才是一夫一妻的典范，一旦配对后永不分离。

现在大家游过了天趣苑，前面将要到的是红叶谷景区唯一一处历史人文景观兴教寺。在这里沿途大家也可以欣赏一下这一段充满文化气息的长廊，也被习惯地称为文化墙壁，上面作品都是出自于一些有名气的书法家和作家之手，这些作品可能会为一些研究和爱好书法的朋友们提供一处取之不尽，用之不竭的艺术宝库，有兴趣的朋友们，可以细细的品味一下。

大家好!我姓王，可以叫我王。今天我们即将游故宫，它于1987年被列为世界文化遗产。

看!现在我们面前的就是故宫。它又称紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫，是世界上现存规模最大最完整的古代木结构建筑群。它始建于明永乐四年(公元1406年)，历时14年才完工，占地72万平方米。共有宫殿9999间。共有24位皇帝先后在此登基。

现在我们在故宫里最吸引人的三大建筑——太阳殿、中和殿和保和殿之间，它们都是黄琉璃顶和青白石底座，饰以金碧辉煌的彩画。告诉你们一个最近的发现：故宫所有的宫殿是沿着一条由南北向中轴线排列，并向两旁展开，南北取直，左右对称。这条中轴线不仅贯穿在故宫内，而且南达永定门，北到钟楼、鼓楼，贯穿了整个城市，气魄宏伟，规划严谨，极为壮观。故宫内现收藏的珍贵历史文物和艺术品约一百万件。更重要的是，故宫的建筑依据其布局功用分为外朝和内廷，外朝和内廷以乾清门为界，乾清门以南为外朝，北名内廷。外朝以太和殿、中和殿和保和殿三大殿为中心，此外两翼有文华殿、上驷院、南三所、武英殿、内务府等建筑。你恐怕会问，那内廷呢?别急，呆会到内廷区域内再说。

好了，我们现在可以说了。因为我们来到了内廷的中心——后三宫：乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫之间。内廷两翼有养心殿、东六宫、西六宫、斋宫、敏庆宫。它们虽和前面三大殿一样(黄琉璃顶和青白石底座)，但内部结构东为茶几桌子，西为椅子文物。后三宫后有御花园和神武门，神武门为北门，东门名东华门，西门叫西华门，正门是午门。

好了，现在进入自由浏览时间，时间为三个小时，请注意下几点：

1.不大叫、不乱跑、不乱摸、不乱碰、不乱扔垃圾;

2.保持安静;

3.按时回现在的地点集合。

时间过得真快，转眼该说再见了。游客们，再见!希望您下次再来北京，再到故宫游玩!

好了，现在我们以及那个在天坛里面了，我看好多游客都比较好奇，那大家注意听我讲解。

请大家随着我手指的方向看，圜丘往北就是皇穹宇，它是供奉圜丘坛祭祀神位的场所，由八根金柱、八根檐柱支撑起殿顶。在皇穹宇殿到大门中间的石板路上有三块石板，叫三音石。在皇穹宇门窗关闭且附近没有障碍物的情况下，在第一块石板上击掌会有一声回音，在第二块石板上击掌会有两声回音，在第三块石板上击掌可听到三声回音。

不过，三音石的回音还不算最神奇的。大家看到这面围墙了吗?它长193。2米，高3。72米，厚0。9米。围墙的弧度十分规则，墙面极其光滑整齐，所以能很好地折射声波。只要两个人分别站在墙的东西两头，一个人靠墙说话，另一个人将耳朵贴在墙上，就可以清晰地听到对方说的话，而且声音悠长，所以它被称为“回音壁”。

我们今天只是游览了天坛公园里的一小部分，希望您有机会再来游赏。我的解说就到这里，下面大家可以自己游赏、拍照留念。天坛公园是文化遗产、名胜古迹，游览时希望大家不要乱扔果皮纸屑，不要乱涂乱划，做一个文明游客。祝您游览愉快，谢谢!

请大家跟着我的脚步，我们面前的就是著名的故宫博物院。好，跨进这个大门，我们就来到故宫到廷三大殿中最大的一殿——太和殿，民间俗称“金銮殿”。

它建于明永乐十八年也就是1420xx年，清康熙三十四年就是1695年重建，大家猜猜太和殿高多少，面积多少呢?没错，它高35米左右，面积有2377平方米，差不多有55间教室那么大，由72根大柱支撑着全部重量，是故宫中最高大建筑。你们瞧!里面装饰得金碧辉煌，正中间一个有宝座，宝座并置于6根盘龙金柱之间，以突出帝王唯我独尊的地位。九龙宝座用楠木雕龙涂金而成，可精致了!

大家好!我是本次导游赵导，大家一定都听说过北京的故宫吧?没错!北京故宫是享誉世界的历史遗产，是明、清两代的皇宫，也是世界现存最大、最完整的古建筑群。被誉为世界五大宫之首。它位于北京市中心，旧称紫禁城。接下来就让我带大家去游览一番吧……

由天安门进入，穿过一片青砖铺地的广场，便到达紫禁城的正门——午门。故宫有4个门，正门名午门，东门名东华门，西门名西华门，北门名神武门。午门俗称五凤楼，穿过午门，有广阔的大庭院，在3万多平方米开阔的庭院中，有五座精巧的汉白玉拱桥通往太和门。到了太和门，就进入了故宫的 “外朝”，故宫的建筑依据其布局与功用分为“外朝”与“内廷”两大部分。外朝以太和、中和、保和三大殿为中心，是皇帝举行朝会的地方，也称为“前朝”

。过桥经过太和门便是雄伟的太和殿。这座殿堂有着一段曲折的故事，听说它被天火焚毁过三次，也修好过三次，而且更神奇的是整座宫殿的建造居然没有一颗钉子!内廷以乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫后三宫为中心，两翼为养心殿、东、西六宫，绕过内廷，我们最后来到了御花园，御花园里栽满了奇花异草。一路走来，会闻到一阵阵淡淡的花香。是封建帝王与后妃居住所。

游览故宫，可以从天安门进，也可以由后门——神武门进经太和殿、中和殿、保和殿，穿过乾清门，便进入内廷，内廷分中路、东路和西路三条路线。如果是半日游，这三条路线只能游一条，一般可走中路。走中路可看乾清宫、交泰殿、坤宁宫、嫔妃所住的地方和御花园。一般来说，用半天时间游故宫，比较吃力，想要知识更广，大家就再细细去游赏吧!

北京十渡金沙乐园集旅游、观光、娱乐、健身、康体、休闲于一体，位于十渡国家地质公园八渡村的拒马河畔，园区总面积1500亩，拒马河流经园区全长20xx米，这里山奇水秀、峰林叠翠,河岸绿柳成荫,金沙漫漫,迷人的山野风光让人流连忘返，乐不思归。

北京十渡金沙乐园整个园区分登山游览区、戏水划船区、沙滩娱乐区和综合服务区。您来此可观瀑布、走竹桥、上天梯、看斗泉、钻松林、登顶峰、吸鲜氧、眺美景;也可游泳、戏水、乘筏、划船、驾车、打球,还可乘丛林飞鼠、激流勇进、海盗船等大中型游乐设施，挑战自我，享受新鲜刺激，或漫步沙滩，沐浴阳光，自在休闲。金沙乐园是您娱乐、健身、休闲、渡假的理想去处，还为您提供吃、住、玩一条龙服务。总之，金沙乐园皆妙趣，娱乐无限各不同，健康娱乐释激情，山欢水笑迎嘉宾。

地址: 北京房山区十渡国家地质公园八渡村

大家好，我是小导游王子安，今天我要带大家一起参观闻名世界的故宫。

游客朋友们，我们已经来到了故宫，它又叫紫禁城，是明清两代的皇宫。故宫总共有四个门，南边的是午门，北边的是神武门，东边的是东华门，西边的是西华门。

我们现在来到的地方是太和殿。它是故宫三大殿之首，建在五米高的汉白玉台基上。殿高36米，宽63米，面积2380平方米。大殿正中，两米高的台子是金漆雕龙宝座。清明两代皇帝即位、诞辰以及春节、冬至等庆典均在此举行。

继续向前走，就到了中和殿，皇帝有事去太和殿之前，到这休息，接受大臣的朝拜。

最后一站，我们来到了保和殿，它也是三大殿之一。清朝每年的除夕和元宵会在此宴请皇亲和大臣。

今天的旅行到此结束，谢谢大家。

各位游客，大家好!我是马桶旅游社的著名导游——刷子，大家可以叫我刷导。今天，我们要游览的文化遗产地是北京故宫风景名胜区。

请大家听我说，北京故宫位于北京市区中心，旧称紫禁城，是明，清两代的皇宫，是当今世界上规模最大，建筑最雄伟且保存最完整的古代宫殿和建筑群。曾有24位皇帝在此登基，执掌朝政。请大家细细游赏，我们在太和殿集合。

接下来，我要介绍这个非常有名得太和殿，俗称金銮殿，他是故宫内最大的宫殿建筑物，是明，清皇帝召见文武百官，发号施令，举行庆典的地方。

另外，在游览时要注意不要乱丢垃圾，乱涂乱画，还要注意安全。。。。。。最后，祝你们旅途愉快，我们11点在原地集合。

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游DAVID。

以“惊、险、奇”著称的司马台长城，位于北京市密云县东北部的古北口镇境内，全长19公里，共有敌楼35座，是我国唯一一段保留明代原貌的古长城，是戚继光在此督建时所创建。这段长城已被联合国教科文组织确定为“原始长城”。

司马台长城以司马台水库为界分为东西两段，跨谷索桥似长虹横贯东西。西段山势较平缓，20座敌楼至今保存完好;东段长城蜿蜒起伏、气势磅礴，在山峰之巅密布着15座敌楼。“仙女楼”建筑精美，汉白玉拱门上刻有并蒂莲花浮雕，过“仙女楼”即是长不逾百米、两侧断崖绝壁、却只有一砖之宽的“天桥”，能过此桥者实为登城好汉。“望京楼”是北京市至高点，海拔986米，登上望京楼，游客们东可看“雾灵积雪”，西望长城雄姿，北观塞外风情，南眺京城灯火。

司马台还为游客提供登城隐形索道、游览峡谷索桥、鸳鸯湖上泛舟、游泳、垂钓、住宿、小型会议、山寨野味等服务。6月举办司马台长城国际滑翔节、8月举办文化节、9月举办登城比赛。

司马台长城集万里长城的各种特点为一身。就拿城墙来说，此段有单面墙、双面墙、梯形石墙;敌楼的样式来说，有两层、三层、扁形、圆形、拐角形、两眼、三眼、四眼、六眼、二十四眼;而顶部样式，许多是司马台长城独有......

司马台长城东段最奇妙的还在于“险”，长城似巨龙蟠伏于绝崖峭壁之上，横亘东西，千米之内，密布14座敌楼。特别是在陡立的山峰一侧，耸起一架天梯，天梯倾斜度为85度，下临悬崖，宽仅容脚，几近直立，且无扶手，长约百米，宽仅一砖，左右两侧皆是900米的深渊，此处只能四肢爬行而过，令人胆寒!

司马台长城有两个最有特色的楼子。一个是“仙女楼”，传说是由一个羚羊变成的，因莲花仙女居这而得名，它形体修长、长年在白云中若隐若现，恰似不愿出门的少女，汉白玉石拱门上刻有并蒂莲花浮雕，为万里长城上所仅有。第二个楼叫“望京楼”，海拔986米，是北京文物最高点，站在此楼手可接天，远山近水，尽收眼底。

‘不到长城非好汉’，现在大家都当了一回好汉，以下是第一范文网小编为大家整理的长城导游词600字，欢迎大家阅读，更多精彩内容请关注第一范文网。

hi!大家好，我是你们的小导游，小姓唐，你们就叫我唐导吧。旅途中，希望大家做一个文明游客，不要在长城上乱刻乱画。现在我们一起登上长城去感受一下它的雄伟吧!

游客们，你们知道吗?长城是我国古代一座防御力极强的工程，它兴建于秦始皇年代，长城有一万三千多里长，据粗略计算，长城还能绕地球一圈呢!怎么样，够惊人吧!

各位游客们，请看我们脚下的长城。我们单看这些数不清的条石，一块就有两三千斤重，那时候没有火车、汽车，没有起重机，就靠着无数的肩膀无数的手，一步一步地抬上这陡峭的山岭。多少劳动人民的智慧和血汗才凝成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城。

游客们，现在让我来给你们细细地讲一讲关于长城的故事，你们可要仔细听噢!传说中有一对金龙玉女下凡，男的叫万善良，女的叫孟姜女。当他们要结婚时，秦始皇派官兵们把万善良捉去修长城。孟姜女在家里苦苦地等着自己的夫君，日复一日，年复一年，孟姜女始终没有等到夫君。于是孟姜女给夫君做好寒衣，万里寻夫，来到长城脚下。不料，夫君早已成了一堆白骨，在悲伤之下，孟姜女哭倒了长城，自己也成了望夫石。这就是著名的孟姜女哭长城的故事。大家听了这个故事，是不是对长城又有新的认识呢!

‘不到长城非好汉’，现在大家都当了一回好汉，我们的浏览到此结束了，祝你们旅途愉快，谢谢!

各位朋友大家好，我们将要游览的是中外闻名的故宫博物院。故宫位于北京市区中心，是明清两朝的皇宫。故宫又名紫禁城，它是中国保存最完整，规模最大的古代皇宫建筑群。首先我给大家介绍一下故宫的历史沿革。明朝的永乐皇帝通过“靖难之役”，从自己的侄子朱允炆手中夺得了皇位，定都南京。因南京朝臣大多数是朱允炆的旧臣，永乐皇帝惟恐这些朝臣对自己不服，再加上当时北方蒙古人经常南侵，于是永乐皇帝决定迁都北京。

明永乐四年即公元1406年，明成祖朱棣下诏，正式启动北京工程的建设，动用工匠23万，民夫百万，于永乐十八年即公元1420年工程竣工。永乐十九年元旦吉日，明成祖朱棣于奉天殿受朝贺，紫禁城正式启用。公元1644年清朝定都北京，继续沿用明朝的宫殿，并且对部分地区进行了较大规模的改造：如文渊阁、宁寿全宫、南三所、斋宫、毓庆宫等建筑。尤其是清廷特别重视防火，并且财务了多种措施：如改造了建筑中的防火结构、建立了专门的消防机构即火班、配备了消防器材等。明清时期紫禁城的主要作用是：自明成祖朱棣到思宗朱由检，共有14位皇帝，清朝自世祖福林到逊帝溥仪，共有10位皇帝，明清共有24位皇帝在此生活起居、治理国家。

清宣统三年（1911），末代皇帝溥仪推诿，根据民国政府所允“关于清帝逊位后优待条件”，清廷皇室成员仍可居住紫禁城内廷，民国十三年即公元1924年冯玉祥发动“北平政变”溥仪才搬出故宫。民国二年即公元1913年袁世凯在紫禁城举行了大总统就职典礼。1925年10月10日故宫博物院成立典礼，紫禁城正式对社会开放，解放以后我国政府曾花费巨资对紫禁城进行维护和修缮。1961年紫禁城成为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，1987年辈联合国教科文组织列入世界文化遗产保护名录。今日的紫禁城以它新的面貌展现在世人面前。故宫是世界上最著名的博物馆之一，其特点表现在三个方面，首先它是一座完整的皇宫遗址博物馆，其次它是一座包罗万象的综合艺术博物馆，第三它还是集中国古代建筑之大成的古代建筑博物馆。

故宫为什么又叫“紫禁城”呢？紫禁城的“紫”指的是紫微垣。古代天文学家将天体分为三垣四象二十八宿。三垣是指紫微垣、太微垣、天市垣，紫微垣居天体中央，共有恒星15颗，北极星又是紫微垣的中心，称为“紫宫”。这组恒星被认为是“运乎中央，临治四方”的天帝所居，人间的皇宫应天象而建，所以紫禁城是“为政以德，譬如北辰，居其所而众星拱之”的格局，与天宫相类。所以人间皇帝的居所冠以“紫”字；“禁”是指皇家禁地，万民莫入之意，所以北京皇宫名之为紫禁城。

紫禁城坐落在北京的中轴线上，其建筑布局突出了一条明显的中轴线，主要建筑都在其上，红砖墙，黄色琉璃瓦、青白石基座体现出了皇家的气势，突出了皇权的至高无上。紫禁城内由前朝、后廷两部分组成。紫禁城有四座门，分别是南为午门，北为神武门，东为东华门，西为西华门。紫禁城内以乾清门前的小广场为界，南面是前朝部分，北面是后廷部分。紫禁城背靠“镇山”，左为太庙，右为社稷坛，南北长961米，东西宽753米，占地面积72万平方米，建筑面积15万平方米，共有宫殿房舍8704间，是1973年统计的数字，周围是10米高的城墙和52米宽的护城河拱卫着皇家的宫殿。紫禁城的四角有“九梁十八柱七十二脊”构成的精美的角楼。

下面我给大家介绍一下午门及午门前的广场。午门是紫禁城的正门，因其位于紫禁城的午位即正南方，故称午门。由北向南鸟瞰午门平面呈“凹”形。午门城台正中建筑为重檐庑殿顶城楼，开间，通高35米，两观城台上建连檐通脊明廊各13间，明廊南北各有一座鎏金宝顶的四角攒尖崇楼与正中城楼连成一气，俗称“五凤楼”。皇帝亲祀坛庙出午门时鸣钟，祭享太庙时击鼓。午门面南，正面三间，两观下东西侧另开左掖门、右掖门，东西向。

午门南面正门三间，北面则为大门五间，人称这种规制叫“明三暗五”。

午门的出入规制是怎样的呢？在封建时期这里有着严格的等级制度。午门正门专供皇帝出入，皇后大婚时可以从这里进入，三品以上文武官员出入左（东）门，宗室王公出入右（西）门。左右掖门平时不开，只有上大朝时，三品以下文武百官分东西班次由掖门出入。殿试时贡士按名次单数走左掖门，双数走右掖门。举行传胪大典时贡士亦按名次分单双数，由鸿胪寺官员分左右掖门引人。大传胪后，进士中一甲进士状元、榜眼、探花可由午门正门出宫以示褒扬。明清两朝在午门前举行两类活动，一类是逢年过节与官民同乐的活动。

另一类是正式的典礼，清朝主要是凯旋献俘礼和颁朔礼。凯旋献俘礼是朝廷在重大军事行动中取得胜利后，为了安民心、振国威举行的庆典活动。届时皇帝会亲临午门。清乾隆年间为平定准噶尔等地的叛乱曾在这里举行过四次献俘礼。献俘礼在“五礼”中属于军礼范畴。再有一项正式的典礼也就是颁朔礼，颁朔礼就是皇帝颁布第二年历书的典礼。颁朔礼于孟冬一日在午门前举行。举行典礼之前钦天监的官员算出第二年的朔望日，规定每日宜忌事项，制成历书称“时历书”，清乾隆皇帝为避名讳将“时历书”改为“时宪书”，民间俗称黄历。时宪书通过午门前举行颁朔礼颁布天下遵照实行。明清两朝的时宪书也颁给蒙古、琉球、占城等周边的国家，显示出泱泱大国的天子国威。

午门广场是名朝实施“梃杖”的地方。梃杖就是对在朝廷上违逆了皇帝意志的大臣用棍子打的刑罚。明朝成化年以前，梃杖只是有象征性，并非真打，示辱而已。后来逐渐变成真打。处罚地点在午门外御路西墀下，即御路西边的空地。因五行中东主生，西主凶，故处罚地点在御路西墀下。其中有两次梃杖轰动朝野，一次是明武宗朱厚照南巡被大臣阻止，一次被打158人，打死15人；另一次是明世宗朱厚骢为了自己父母尊号的问题发生的“大礼仪”事件，梃杖134人，打死17人。而到了清朝就没有了这种制度。

下面我给大家介绍一下午门前的广场。午门前有两座值房，它是侍卫值班的地方。清朝时对皇宫的安全保卫工作十分重视，并且制定了严格的规章制度。其中有门禁制定、宿卫制度、门钥制度、合符制度等。午门的两阙南侧东西各有朝房3间，是王宫们的朝房，现在是故宫的售票处，朝房南侧东边是阙左门，它是皇帝去紫禁城东侧的太庙祭祀祖先时所走之门。朝房南侧西边是阙右门，它是皇帝去紫禁城西面的社稷坛祭祀土地神和五谷神时所走之门。再向南是连檐通脊朝房各42间，明清时期这里是六科廊，“六科”是古代官署名。

明代始设，即吏、户、礼、兵、刑、工六科。每科置都给事中一人，除担任天子侍从外，还进谏言和监察六部之舞弊，办理上奏和调整赦令等事，其权颇重。现在这里的部分房舍被辟为展馆。六科廊南边东侧是太庙右门，西侧是社稷坛左门，广场的最南边是端门。端门是紫禁城的前导门，现在对公众开放，城楼上面不定期举办各种展览，游客可以登上城楼穿上古装拍照留念。

各位朋友，紫禁城的概况和午门前的广场我就给大家介绍到这里。谢谢大家。

今天的长城，早已失去军事价值，而以其特有的魅力，吸引着广大中外游客，成为举世闻名的旅游胜地。随着旅游业的发展，长城这一中华民族的象征，全世界重要的文化遗产，会焕发出新的生机。以更优质的旅游服务、更优美的旅游环境迎接着大家的到来!远看长城它是不是像一条长龙在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋呢?告诉你们吧。长城共有一万三千多里，不魁为“万里长城”。

女士们，先生们：

大家好!我是阳光旅游社的导游，叫杨。今天由我带大家到长城游玩。

远看长城它是不是像一条长龙在崇山峻岭之间蜿蜒盘旋呢?告诉你们吧。长城共有一万三千多里，不魁为“万里长城”。

请大家收回视线，我们可以看到长城是用巨大的条石和城砖筑成的，城墙顶上铺着方砖，五六匹马可以并行，城墙外沿有成排的两米多高的垛子，垛子上那些方形的东西叫什么呢?告诉你们吧。垛子上那些方形的东西有的叫?望口，有的叫射口，供?望和射击用，城墙顶上每隔三百多里就有一座方形的城台，是屯兵的堡垒打仗的时候可以互相呼应。

踏着脚下的方砖，扶着墙上的条石，我相信你们一定和我有同感。一定想起了古代修筑长城的劳动人民来，那时没有火车，没有汽车，也没有起重机。就靠这无数的肩膀无数的手，一步步抬上那陡峭的山岭，有多少人的尸首被埋在长城下，其中还有一个关于长城的故事呢!叫《孟姜女八百里哭长城》，传说孟姜女有一个丈夫叫范喜良，秦始皇为了防止北方少数民族的侵略就把她的丈夫范喜良给抓走了，孟姜女盼了丈夫范喜良一年的多，孟姜女就决定不远万里去寻找丈夫范喜良，她一路上风餐露宿，见一个人就问一个人看见她的丈夫范喜良没有，最后一个监工模样的人告诉她，她的丈夫范喜良在半年前就累死了，孟姜女听了号啕大哭，顿时，电闪雷鸣长城被哭倒了八百里，孟姜女转身向东奔去跳进了大海。多少劳动人民的血汗和智慧才凝结成这前不见头，后不见尾的万里长城所以我们一定要爱护它。

现在大家自由活动，3时我们在这儿集合。

在明代，潭柘寺曾进行了多次大规模的整修和扩建。宣德年间，“孝诚皇后首赐内币之储，肇造殿宇”，对潭柘寺进行了整修和扩建。从正统三年二月到第二年九月，潭柘寺又大兴土木，在皇室的资助下，扩建寺院，广造佛像。在此期间，英宗皇帝“诏考戒坛”，奉英宗皇帝之命，在寺内修建了戒坛，英宗皇帝赐名为“广善戒坛”，越靖王朱瞻墉还在寺内建造了一座高大的金刚延寿塔，正统四年，明英宗“颁大藏经五千卷”给潭柘寺。

弘治十年(1497年)，司礼监太监戴义出资作为工食费，并奏请明孝宗拨款，对潭柘寺再次进行了整修和扩建。正德二年(1520_年)三月到次年九月，潭柘寺又进行了历时一年半的整修，“殿庑堂室焕然一新，又增僧舍五十余楹”，再一次扩大了寺院的规模。万历二十二年(1594年)，由孝定皇太后出资，整修潭柘寺，增添殿宇，并建造了方丈院等房舍80余间。

明代的200多年期间内，皇帝几次对寺院赐名，因而寺名几次更改。明宣宗赐名“龙泉寺”，天顺元年，明英宗“敕改仍名嘉福寺”，但民间仍称其为潭柘寺。

清康熙二十五年(1686年)，康熙皇帝降旨，命阜成门内广济寺的住持僧，著名的律宗大师，与自己相交多年的震寰和尚为潭柘寺的钦命住持。当年秋天，康熙皇帝驾临潭柘寺进香礼佛，并且留住了数日，赏赐给潭柘寺御书金刚经10卷、药师经10卷、沉香山1座、寿山石观音1尊、寿山石罗汉18尊。

康熙三十一年，康熙皇帝亲拨库银1万两，整修潭柘寺。在震寰和尚的亲自主持下，从康熙三十一年秋到三十三年夏，历时近两年，整修了殿堂共计300余间，使这座古刹又换新颜。

康熙三十六年，康熙皇帝二游潭柘寺，亲赐寺名为“敕建岫云禅寺”，并亲笔题写了寺额，从此潭柘寺就成为了北京地区最大的一座皇家寺院。

康熙三十七年，康熙皇帝为牌楼亲题匾额，并赐给潭柘寺桂花12桶和龙须竹8杠，这就是我们现今在寺中所见到的“金镶玉”和“玉镶金”竹。

康熙三十八年，康熙皇帝命著名的律宗高僧止安律师为潭柘寺的钦命住持，并赐给潭柘寺镀金剑光吻带四条，安装在大雄宝殿的殿顶上，现今这四条金光闪闪的吻带依然完好如初。

清雍正年间一向深居简出的雍正皇帝也专程到潭柘寺进香礼佛。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到北京旅游，我是你们的导游

清华大学是一所历史悠久的著名学校，是清政府于民国前一年(1920xx年)用美国退还的庚子赔款在北京所建立。最初称为“留美预备学堂”，是第一所用于被政府派送到美国学习的中国青年而建立的预备学校。毕业生直接进入美国大学三年级留学。1920xx年，始创四年制本科教育。

清华大学现致力于建设多学科的综合大学。至20xx年4 月，清华大学有理学院、建筑学院、土木水利学院、机械工程学院、信息科学技术学院、人文社会科学学院、经济管理学院、法学院、美术学院、公共管理学院、应用技术学院、医学院、新闻与传播学院、航天航空学院等13个学院和53个系，41个研究院(所)，35个研究中心和175个实验室，其中包括11个中国国家重点实验室和14个中国教育部重点实验室。

清华大学现有教职工7800余人，其中诺贝尔奖获得者一名、中国科学院院士34名、中国工程院院士26名，正高级专业技术职务1200余人。全国重点学科49个;本科专业58个，第二学士学位专业1个，硕士学位授权点159个，博士学位授权点123个，博士后科研流动站27个。在校全日制学生27000余名，其中本科生13000余名，硕士生8000余名，博士生4000余名。有来自46个国家和地区的在校留学生及进修生1300余名，远程教育学员9000余名。

从1980年代中期开始，很多(据统计约为毕业生的20%)清华毕业生都前往美国留学深造。在美国大学校园、公司、企业及政府部门里，不难找到他们。因此近年也开始有对此的批评，认为清华的毕业生应该更多地选择留在中国而不是美国。

对高中毕业生来说，清华是中国大陆竞争最激烈学校之一(另一所学校为北大)，每年只有中国各省市最优秀的高中毕业生才有机会被清华录取。清华的校园文化具有悠久的历史，个性鲜明，丰富多彩，在众多大学中独树一帜。因其美国渊源，校园文化传统亦受到美国大学校园文化的深重影响。

我们有时候还把故宫叫做紫禁城，而它的名称是怎样得来的呢?我国古代天文学家把天上的主要恒星分为三垣、四象和二十八星宿。三垣是太微垣、紫微垣和天市垣。其中紫薇垣居中，是天上皇帝所居住的地方，称为紫宫。封建帝王自称是天帝的儿子，所以他们也把自己居住的皇宫象征为天上的紫宫。而且皇帝居住的地方戒备森严，不许庶民百姓接近，是绝对的禁地，又称为禁宫，所以这里也被叫做紫禁城。这里共有四道门，分别是午门、神武门、东华门和西华门。而紫禁城的正门就是午门，因为在罗盘上，上午的代表正南，所以午门也是南大门的意思。它的平面呈“凹”字型，从汉代的门阙形制演变过来。下端有高12米的墩台，正中的墩台上面有门楼，两侧还设有钟鼓亭，东西两侧突出的部分叫观，上部各有廊庑13间，两端还建有重檐攒尖方亭。中央的广场叫阙。在明清两代，这里是朝廷举行颁朔大典和献俘典礼的地方。正中开了三道门，两侧都有掖门，这种做法称为“明三暗五”。五个门洞都有各自的用途：中门是皇帝专用的，或者皇帝大婚的时候，皇后可以从这里入宫，科考三甲也可以从这里入宫;平时，文武百官走左门，宗室王公走右门;掖门只有在大型活动的时候才开，三品以下的官员按照文东武西分别通过东西掖门，外国使节要从西掖门才可以入宫;在殿试的时候，考生分单双号，从东西掖门中通过。

各位阿叔、阿姨你们好，非常荣幸能够成为大家这趟北京旅游的全程导游，我姓杜，大家喊我或者X导都可以，我是金秀大山旅行社的导游，在这里谨代表金秀大山旅祝愿大家旅游愉快，满载而归！

我的金秀话、桐木话讲得不是很正，不过总还可以听得懂吧！还是我讲白话、英语、普通话，我样样都会讲句把而已。不过我们这次是去北京旅游，大家在北京都是要听普通话的，北京导游也不会讲我们金秀话，在这里我也讲普通话吧，给大家适应一下，不然到了北京，北京的导游讲普通话，大家讲听没懂就麻烦了。

车上有哪位阿叔、阿姨到过北京咧，举一下手哦。北京是中国的首都，大家都懂得哦，那请问北京还是哪个国家的首都？

北京有2500年的建都历史，在中国历史上曾经做过16国的古都，其中最出名的就是明朝、清朝和现在中国的了。所以到了北京，大家要竖起耳朵，听我和北京的导游讲讲北京的历史了，北京有很高、很漂亮的街道和房子，同时有更加多好听的故事，所以到北京要7分听，3分看。当然，我们也会留有充足的时间，给大家照相。

不到北京，您不知道自己官小；不到香港，您不知道自己钱少；不到上海，您不知道自己的楼小；不到天津，您不知道社会主义有多好；不到海南岛，您不知道自己身体不好；

没有到北京之前，我给大家几个任务哦，做到了有奖励哦。

把北京的财气、福气、喜气带回来——

喜气——在故宫里的大花轿，（中国最后一次举行皇帝结婚的轿子——光绪皇帝大婚）；

福气——和珅家里的福字碑（康熙皇帝给自己母亲60大寿亲笔题的“福”字）；

财气——北京角楼里的貔貅，是北京三大风水神兽，龙生九子中的第九子。只有嘴巴，没有屁，只吃钱为生的。所以貔貅也是民间作为招财的神兽。

（这三种气都是要摸的，怎么摸？到北京我将给大家听）

把北京最出名的三座建筑带回来：天安门，毛主席纪念堂，鸟巢

把北京的三位名人带回来：毛泽东、周恩来（天津）、邓颖超（或者孙中山）

再加上北京的特产，中国美食之首——北京烤鸭。刚好10个任务，十全十美，大家讲好不好！

在这里，我跟大家讲一讲旅游的注意事项，有些阿叔、阿姨可能没有跟旅游团出去玩过，有些东西可能不太懂！

第一， 大家一定要放开心事来玩，开心的玩，好不容来一次北京嘛，不好整天想家里的鸡有没有人喂，花有没有人帮淋，孙子吃得好咩！！统统都不要想这么多，家里人自然会带好的。所以第一点，大家这趟出门一定要放开心来玩；

第二， 是安全问问题。这里主要包括生命的安全和财产的安全。人身的安全，我们就不提了，虽然我们公司给每一阿叔、阿姨都购买了保险，但是我们都不希望他有用，对吧？财产的安全，就需要大家自己重视了，我知道大家身上都或多或少的有一些贵重的东西，比如现金啊、相机、手机等等，我们导游会很罗嗦，每天不少于三次提醒大家“随时、随地、随身携带好贵重物品”;

第三， 纪律问题。我们从现在开始就算是一个团队了，团队就要有团队纪律了。纪律1:大事申请小事汇报（独自离团，叫大事；上厕所等叫做小事，呵呵）2:遵守时间，我们说多少点集中，就请大家自觉准时集中，要不然，你等我，我等你，会耽误很多游览时间；3:照相，在北京有些地方是不许照相的，例如毛主席纪念堂、人民大会堂、玉器城等等，这些地方要是乱拍照会被没收相机的；4:不许随地丢垃圾、吐痰，北京的城管很严的，会罚很重的，50—100元一次；5:公共场合不许吸烟，景区、饭店等等都不能啵！5:不能开政治领导人的玩笑，因为被北京人听到就不好了。

第四， 吃饭问题。我们次趟北京之旅，是全部包餐的，只要到了吃饭时间都有饭吃，大家不用自己去找吃的。总共吃9个正餐5个早餐，一个正餐在飞机上吃。但是我们出门在外，吃的，可能不像家里那么自由、那么好，而已我们的旅游团餐是15元，每个人，总共150元，150元在金秀、桐木都没吃的什么好的，更加不用讲北京了，所以大家要做好吃苦的准备，大家怕咩？我们是做8菜一汤，每桌10个人，5个荤菜3个素菜，饭随便吃的，保证大家吃得饱，但是，说要吃得好，就很难讲了。

相信你们出门前，也听别人讲过，北京旅游吃得很差的，几天一点肉都没有，北京人不吃肉的！！！其实这是因为太多旅行社竞争了，大家一个比一个少，最后只有在吃住上面扣了。这次，大家选择了我们，我们一定会尽全力做好。不过，还是要给大家打个预防针先。

另外，我们两广人也比较挑食了的，人家北京很有钱的老板，早上也是个把馒头加根葱就够了，就是正餐也是一般的，哪像我们。另外，北京的口味偏咸，喜欢放很多的酱油、八角来煮菜，所以味道比较重，我们广西人一般都吃不惯，不过我们公司已经跟北京的旅行社、餐馆联系好了，尽可能的按照我们广西人的口味来做饭菜。

不过有些东西，还是改不了的，比如北京没有米粉，大家不要我讲“小杜啊，我们没用什么的，有一碗螺丝粉就得了”我还真是做不到；另外，北京人一般不吃粥，不喝汤的，所以在北京粥叫做稀饭，稀得可以照镜子的粥，清的可以梳头的汤；豆浆是咸的，包子不放糖的。以前经常有阿叔、阿姨跟我讲“北京人不会做包子的，难吃死了，喊我来做肯定好得多”.这就是南北的差别了。

第五， 住。我们在北京最好了，5个晚上住在同一家酒店里，大家晚上想洗什么都可以。不过啊，小杜跟大家讲，少洗点东西，第一，耽误你休息；第二，浪费水啊，北京是一个严重缺水的城市。北京人最怕河南人和广西人了，河南人吃得多，广西人天天要洗澡。一到酒店，大家就等着看吧，人家一定会讲“广西人又来洗澡了”或者“广西的洗澡团又来了”.

我们今晚到酒店的时候，大家先把行李全部拿下车，在酒店大堂等我，我去拿房间钥匙，然后谁要跟谁住的，跟我讲一声，房间都是两人间的，你要是想一个人住一间房，就要加钱了，我想也没有必要，是吧，原则上夫妻住一间房，要是想跟人家老婆，或是老公住一间房的，你们就自己商量了，我不管，但是不要吵架就好了，也是！跟自己老婆住几十年了，可能分不开了，是吧！

房间里一般有一次性拖鞋，使用纸做的，建议大家不要穿，很滑，打赤脚不要紧的，干净的；房间里也有毛巾、一次性牙刷、牙膏、洗发水，还有烧开水的水壶，都是可以用的，但如果有香蕉、苹果、饼干矿泉水，或者一些性用品，大家就不要用了，这些是要付费的，比外面贵很多。

另外，我每天晚上，都会把大家检查房间，有什么都可以跟我说，比如不会开房门啊，水不热啊，电视不会开啊，等等，只要记住我住那间房，或者我的电话就可以了。

我们常规的旅游团一般住在北京三环左右，北京现在又6个环，第六环一圈又60公里，所以我们住得已经算很市中心了，现在北京有多大呢？中国最大的城市，面积,人口,所以大家到北京之后说“我们住的地方在那里？可以走到天安门吗？”要走可以，可能要一天。天安门附近都是古代的博物馆、国家行政中心、或者超级贵的高级酒店，我们没有办法住在那里的。

另外北方人，不逛夜市的，普通的商店6点钟关门，最繁华的商店、步行街晚上9点前也都关门的，在我们南方、桐木，我们刚出来逛街咧。车上有哪一位阿叔、阿姨有亲人在北京吗？要是需要探亲访友的，记住要他们来找您，不要自己去找，北京太大了，您很难找得到的。北京的的士起步价是10块，打的士正常要60以上，才能到得了目的地。若是大家晚上真要出门走走，一定要3、5个人一起。 我们住的是准三星的酒店，空调、彩电、独立卫生间、热水都一应俱全，保证干净卫生，但是不一定会是很新的酒店，希望大家谅解，不过我相信大家都能够接受的，是吧。

第， 游览。在北京我们的主要的景点有一下11个：天安门广场、毛主席纪念堂、人民大会堂、故宫、景山公园、八达岭长城、明十三陵之昭陵、鸟巢、奥林匹克中心、颐和园、天坛公园等等，具体行程等下我会发给大家，每人一份。现在我要跟大家说的是游览景点过程中的注意事项：

1、 上厕所（我们中老年人因为身体的原因，每天要上好多次厕所，所以在这里我要跟大家说，我是大家的全程陪同导游，大家大大小小的事都可以跟我讲，包括上厕所，我们去玩的景区一般都好大的，在景区里您自己要去找厕所，不容易找得到，也容易迷路、掉队，所以有人要上厕所，跟我说一声，我会安排的，好不好！另外出门在外，我们为了文明一点，一般把上厕所叫做唱歌！）

2、 景点的游览循序。我们去玩的景点，有些景点是正门进，后门出的，有些是同一个门进出的，大家要自由参观的时候，我们会说得很清楚，在这里先给大家提个醒。比如北京故宫前后8个门，那个门集中，要注意一听哦！要不然走丢了很难找的，我去北京这么多次，基本上每一次有人走丢，要么是在景区里，那么实在唱歌的时候。

3、特产店，这次在北京的5天里，我们会有5个购物店，分别是卖玉器的、卖貔貅的、卖首饰的、卖北京土特产的，卖金泰蓝的。我们希望每一位团友配合一下我们的工作，每一个购物点待购40到50分钟。买不买随便大家，绝对没有强制。

最后， 购物。如果大家有跟过旅游团外出旅游的就知道了，我们的旅游都会去参观旅游纪念商品点和土

在这里我提醒一下，我希望大家尽量少买东西，因为我们是到北京旅游的，不是到北京买东西的，大家说对不对？？那，给个掌声给我吧！！！因为你们买的越多，我得的提成就越多，但是我现在都叫你们不买了，我就没有提成了。开玩笑的！！！！但是，这些话，我只能够在这里讲，到了北京就不能讲了，大家在北京的时候也不要跟北京的导游说，我们杜导说，叫我们不要买的！！！那样我可能就没有办法和你们一起回来了。不过，我还是要提醒大家，超过100块钱的就叫贵重的东西了，你要买的时候，要看好，要慎重，最好不要来问我，“小杜，这个东西值不值？”我不好回答的。

我们安排的购物点是非常值得去看看的，里面的东西，说句难听的话，有些东西您可能一辈子都没有见过，比如，我们去的玉器城非常大，有几千种，最贵的要几百万，便宜的几块也有，还有景泰蓝，高中课文里就有介绍，它在清朝以前，只有皇帝和皇帝的家人才可以用，是国宝的，但现在大家不买，也可以参观了。大家就当成多去几个旅游参观点了，随便看看，就当看看“大蛇拉屎”了。

另外，告诉大家，我们去的购物点的东西都相对外面的要贵点的，不贵导游吃什么，对吧！！但是我们旅行社去的购物点都是保质量的，大家在一点上可以放心，建议大家不要在路边买那些东西，特别是吃的，比如北京的烤鸭、果脯，购物点里卖60元，外面卖16块、8块，说实话16元的，我不敢买。

北京是一个国际旅游城市，满大街都会有很多买小东西的人，大家要特别注意那些肥肥胖胖的阿姨，她们好多是东北的，东北人的脾气很差，你问了价钱，又不买，她们会骂人而且骂得很难听的！！我们也不希望闹事嘛！！不过这种事，在桐木都会发生的，是吧！

第一， 娱乐（增加景点）北京大大小小有200多个景点，有公园，有博物馆，有看表演、看相声，看杂技等等五花八门都有，北京的导游为了挣点钱，都会推荐大家去，说实在的，有些地方也是很值得去的，我刚才不是说了吗，建议大家少买东西，多看景点，毕竟大家是来旅游的嘛。我在这里给大家推荐几个吧，比如说中国历史上最大的贪官和珅的家——恭王府，皇帝没有的，他都有，他的家是很值得去看看的，而且和珅为什么这么受乾隆皇帝的宠爱，这里有很多故事的，而且北京的福气就在他家。建议大家在北京，可以参加两个到三个自费的景点吧，大概200多块左右。不过去不去，完全是自愿的，绝对不强制。我们参考少数服从多数吧，如果少部分人不去，就只能在外面等了。

第二， 行（车）。我们在北京的5天多时间，都是做同一辆汽车，大家就：上车睡觉、下车尿尿、景点拍个照，回来一问全都不知道。每天都是上车，下车，吃饭，睡觉。蛮辛苦的！！北京很大，景区和景区之间都是坐车去的，走不到的，大家可能还不知道吧，长城离北京有多远，70公里。

第三， 次趟旅游，我还要提醒大家做好吃苦的准备，很多出去旅游过的人回来都说，旅游比做工都要辛苦。因为早出晚归，中午又不能睡觉。北京比我们金秀、桐木早半个时区，意思是说，北京的天亮比我们早半个钟头，晚上天黑也早半个小时。另外，北京的天气很干燥，大家一定要多喝水。

就先说到这里吧，大家看我也说了差不多一个钟头了，跟老师上一节课一样了，我们一路上还有很多时间，再慢慢说，好不好！！

在这里，我仅仅代表金秀大山旅行社，和我本人祝愿大家旅游愉快，满载而归！！（鞠躬）