贾汪景点大全排名榜（精彩20篇）

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到惠州旅游，我是你们的导游_x。

惠州西湖是位于中国广东省惠州市境内的一个城市浅水湖泊，是中国国家重点风景名胜区、国家AAAA级旅游景区。其景观由“五湖六桥十八景”组成。在历史上，惠州西湖曾和杭州西湖、颍州西湖合称为中国的三大西湖。

国家重点风景名胜区，国家AAAA级旅游景区，广东省第一批省级风景名胜区之一。位于广东省惠州市区内，原名丰湖，历史上曾与杭州西湖，颍州西湖齐名。宋朝诗人杨万里曾有诗曰：“三处西湖一色秋，钱塘颍水与罗浮”，说的就是这三大西湖。有“海内奇观，称西湖者三，惠州其一也”和“大中国西湖三十六，唯惠州足并杭州”的史载。当然，这三个西湖的出名还有一个重要原因，就是它们都曾经是宋朝大西湖的平湖门

文学家苏东坡被贬到过的地方。“东坡到处有西湖”，苏东坡给西湖留下胜迹，而胜迹更因东坡而倍添风采。品评西湖，人称杭湖为“吴宫之西子”，惠湖为“苎萝村之西子”。清杭州名士戴熙曰：“西湖各有妙，此(惠湖)以曲折胜”。这些，不约而同地道出了惠州西湖的特点。

西湖原是横槎、天螺、水帘、榜山等山川水入江冲刷出来的洼地。西枝江改道后的河床遂成为湖。其西面和南面群山环抱，北依东江。景区以山水资源为主体，融自然景观和人文景观于一体。游览面积3.2平方公里，其中水面1.68平方公里。湖水深浅不一，一般在1.5米左右，个别水深3至4米。

面积

惠州西湖始建于五代(公元907~960年)，相传这里原是古河道，后河流改道后遂冲积而形成5个相通的湖面，分别是丰湖、平湖、鳄湖、菱湖和南湖，统称西湖，湖面面积3.2平方公里。1992年，西湖总体规划作出重大修编，周边的红花湖和金山湖景区并入西湖风景名胜区，景区范围由9平方公里扩大到19平方公里，保护范围由19.6平方公里扩大到52.5平方公里。

景点分为丰湖景区，平湖景区，菱湖景区，鳄湖景区，南湖景区，高榜山——红花湖景区，近年还加上了金山湖景区。

平湖景区

孤山苏迹

【范围】北以下角东路、拱北桥至东江为界，南以苏堤为界，东至环城西路，西至西山、孤山和准提阁山，面积79.5公顷。

【现状】平湖景区最典型的自然景观是洲岛景观，最典型文化景观是东坡文化景观、道教文化景观和佛教文化景观。其中，孤山是体现东坡文化的重点区域。但目前纪念内容还不够丰富，历史文化内涵的挖掘不够深入;元妙观是惠州市重点文物保护单位，但周边均为民宅所包围，不能充分体现其特色等。

【规划】建设孤山东坡园，进一步完善孤山苏迹景点，突出东坡寓惠的生活和文学创作;整修朝云墓、六如亭等相关旧迹;恢复古熙春台这一景点;元妙观周边(以慈云路为界)恢复“桃源日暖”旧景等。

丰湖景区

【范围】北以苏堤为界、南以圆通桥和鹅岭路为界、东至环城西路、西至螺山，面积约113.5公顷。

【现状】丰湖景区最大特征是堤桥纵横，北有苏堤、西新桥，中有陈公堤、明圣桥，南有圆通桥，均为惠州西湖名迹。丰湖的人文氛围自古浓重，西湖花岛上曾建有丰湖书院。西湖沿环城西路一带游赏面积有限;黄塘半岛(花岛)旧时为丰湖书院、泌园等，目前建筑密度较大，仅有临湖一侧有少量游览用地。

【规划】重建荔浦风清景点，花岛中分别以丰湖书院匾刻、御书园、湖上五先生祠、太守祠、西湖博物馆等为主要景点，恢复香隐、啸花深处、留云亭、过帆亭、琴台、黄塘晚钟等景点;并在现状空地一带拓宽水域，种植荷花、养殖观赏鱼类，形成观鱼(轩)景点;螺山山顶恢复原有的万松径等景点，螺山与小架榜山之间的山坳处种植桃林，恢复桃花源景观(武陵0)。

南湖景区

【范围】西北以鹅岭北路为界、西南以鹅岭东路为界、东至惠州市第一中学，面积48.4公顷。

【现状】南湖景区旧时主要名迹有唐代的开元寺，宋代李氏山园、唐庚故居、清代今是园，均久废。目前主要景点只有飞鹅揽胜和南苑绿絮。

【规划】建设以飞鹅岭为核心的景群。在南湖边飞鹅岭下建设以生态为主题的景点“龙塘挹丽”;在惠州市一中的第二操场建设园林“今是园”。

菱湖景区

【范围】东北以太保山为界、南以丰山、百鹤含书为界(不含丰山、百鹤含书)、东至下角中路、鳄湖路，面积约55.0公顷。

【现状】大量陆域被挤占，景点建设较为滞后。

【规划】景观结构为三个主要景点：怡园、犹龙剑气、横槎小隐，由两条滨湖路串联：菱湖二路、丰山前路。

鳄湖景区

【范围】东北以烟霞堤、丰山、百鹤含书为界，东南以凤山为界，南至紫薇山、小鳄湖，西至古榕山。面积约128.3公顷。

【现状】游览用地不多，历史遗迹被淹没，游赏性较差。

【规划】完善“丰山浩气”，增加丰山耀彩、浩气长存、桃林叠翠等景点，使丰山成为弘扬东江文化的景群。恢复紫薇山庄纪念堂等。

高榜山-红花湖景区

【范围】高榜山—红花湖景区包括高榜山、红花湖和周边山体，面积约1861.3公顷。高榜山—红花湖景区形成高榜山、红花湖、红花嶂等三个郊野游览区的格局。

【现状】景点建设较少。

【规划】建设为郊野性质的景观游览区，建设“榜岭春霖”景点，并开辟上山道，沿途设置观景亭、台。新建永福寺，恢复“山寺岚烟”景点;种植的滨水植物点“岚影花溆”;在主坝及其北侧山丘建观景景点“留云挽湖”等。20_年11月城市规划委员会审议通过的《惠州西湖风景名胜区总体规划》中，已经明确了红花湖片区是西湖风景区的组成部分，但不属于西湖风景区的核心景区范围。

蓟县梨木台自然风景区是天津九龙山国家森林公园三大景区之一，位于蓟县下营镇船舱峪村北，距县城35公里，景区总面积7000亩，有大面积的野生杜鹃花。据介绍，自黄砬棚瀑布至北大梁沿途5公里均有杜鹃花分布，分布最集中的是杜鹃坡、石海和北大梁，总面积近千亩。据了解，这里的杜鹃属杜鹃花科的迎红杜鹃，落叶灌木，早春季节开花，漫山遍野都是红色，故有“映山红”之称。随着气温的逐渐转暖，梨木台景区沉睡一年的迎红杜鹃接连绽放。据了解，梨木台杜鹃花将持续开放约一个月的时间，观赏杜鹃花的最佳时节是4月中旬。

梨木台自然风景区地处天津最北端，被称为“天津北极”。景区内峰林峡谷雄、险;森林景观秀、幽;潭、瀑溪水长流;藤萝攀援缠绕，形成了奇特的自然风光，被专家学者誉为“天津的神农架”。这里地质景观奇特，是蓟县国家地质公园典型的石英岩峰林峡谷地貌，自然形成岩画岭、登天缝、五指山、万卷天书等地质景观。

今天，我们要游览的是抚宁县背牛顶景区。

抚宁县，古称骊城，直到唐朝武德二年设立抚宁县。“抚宁”两字的意思是“抚我黎庶，宁我子妇”之意。抚宁位于河北的东北部，北倚燕山，南濒渤海，山地、丘陵、平原各占三分之一，地势北高南低，矿产丰富，盛产水稻，远近闻名的“留守营”大米就是出自该县。棉花、油料、果品、畜牧、淡海水产品也很可观。工业以造纸、纺织、机械、化肥、水泥、采煤、酿造为主。是我省亿元财政县之一。人们说抚宁人扎实能干，尤其改革开放以来取得了优异成绩。

从秦皇岛的地形图上看，抚宁将整个我市三个城市区包围，境内公路、铁路交通四通八达，历史悠久，风光旖旎，山、川、海集一身，主要旅游胜地有南戴河旅游开发区，背牛顶旅游区，燕塞石林旅游区，天马山、天马湖旅游区及九门口旅游风景区。而背牛顶旅游区是较优秀的一个，遗憾的是由于各方面的限制很长时间养在深闺人不识，如今已正式对外开放。

背牛顶风景区距海港区约五十公里，经榆关，猩猩峪，到达宏量寺，而猩猩峪隶属于抚宁大新寨镇，原来是一座明代戍边城堡，据说这里住过猩猩或说这里掉下过星星也就是陨石，故而得名。现在仍可看到这块石头。

从猩猩峪前行，途中可见苍山叠嶂，峰回路转，烽火台林立，溪流潺潺。尤其在群山怀抱中有一奇景——龙潭。一潭清水，水深高丈，寒气四溢，沁人心脾。潭旁建有龙王庙，当地流传着“秃尾巴老李”的动人故事：抚宁县官庄有一李姓妇女，生了一条小蛇，不忍丢弃，放在水中养了起来，逐渐长出了鳞片。遇雷雨天就逃走，每逢阴雨之夜就潜回吃奶。每次吃奶，母亲就痛死过去，去后又苏醒，母亲痛苦难忍，在其吃奶时藏刀吓唬，结果误伤其尾，逃走后就不再来了。后托梦告诉母亲：“我已有住所，在北沟龙潭中，叫秃尾巴老李。”老李天性善良，天旱祈雨，甚为灵验。潭两侧为悬崖峭壁，形如斧劈刀削，东侧峭壁上刻有“龙泉”两个大字，潭上腾空架起彩虹桥，通向“望雨亭”。顺路上山右达乱刀峪，又称燕塞石林旅游区。

从龙潭前行四公里便到了宏量寺，这里仅存遗址。再前行约一公里便到了背牛顶山脚下。从山下望去，山顶高耸入云，因山后有石如牛，故名。辽代天庆年间始修，明正德十四年，僧人佛海凿井建庙，带徒重修背牛顶。随后在隆庆、万历、崇祯年间又先后修建无梁殿，拓大了金光洞。但到了道光十年，又被道人所占，光绪八年，该庙主持曾受皇封。因此，一山先后容佛、道两家。历代香火极盛，传说许愿很灵。

从山脚沿石阶向上攀登，山渐陡、景亦幽。这里常年为原始森林所覆盖，奇花异草、参天古树另人赏心悦目。山路树丛中便有两块威武的“将军石”，象把守山门的忠诚卫士。再往前行，便到了幽深的绿色长廊。这里天然生长的猕猴桃藤、野葡萄从路两旁向上空延伸，勾连一起，形成一条浓荫蔽日的绿色长廊。夺人工之美，具有大自然之妙，别有韵味。

从绿色长廊上行，通过一段艰难的攀登依峭壁安置五层柏木长梯，梯旁高悬铁索，游人扯索攀，猿引而上，惊心动魄。如今设置了七十米长的铁梯，外有围栏，虽两旁崖山有壁，令人心有余悸，但有惊无险。

到了山门，才令人惊魂稍定，反身四望，才觉风景这边独好，才知不枉来一朝，飘飘然好似升仙。如遇阴雨，可见脚下铺云万里，如苍雪、如堆絮，上晴下雨，人称为“兜锦世界”，或称“牛顶云海”，论气势不亚于黄山云海，山门南侧内壁嵌有一卧碑，上刻“太清观”三个小字，下刻“背牛顶”三个大字，山门上几米远，石壁上刻有“今生不把弥陀念，枉在人间走一遭”，给人一种超俗之感，据说凡是念声“阿弥陀佛”之人，登山疲惫便会一扫而光。

石岩后的树林里，掩映着一片碑林，大都是为捐修庙宇人名字的碑刻，东侧数口井错列排开，大都凿石而成，水浅的不足一米，水深的三米有余，妙在不论深浅，虽在山顶却常年不涸，井东石壁下有一方池，古称放生池，池前有一“望海楼”遗址，虽楼去而平台依存，生有几棵五百年以上的古松，树叶茂盛，现山顶唯一仅存的建筑——无梁殿，仍供奉着望海观音。殿北的金光洞旁有一石刻，楷体“海阔天空”。四个大字苍劲有力，洞东峭壁上刻着佛像和游人留下的诗句。而洞前的平台，正好作为野餐聚饮的好场所。

从金光洞再向上攀登，便达到了顶端，极目四望，“会当凌绝顶，一览众山小”的意境会油然而生。北望：燕山山脉，层峦迭嶂，长城雄踞山顶，老岭诸峰历历在目;东望：角山长城、山海关古城尽收眼底，用一个十倍的望远镜，便可看见海港区街道上车辆如梭，奔流不息;南面，海天在目。北戴河、南戴河及黄金海岸上的几颗明珠镶嵌其间，也只有登绝顶，才真正的发现秦皇岛人生活在绿色环抱的山海之间，交通发达、环境优美的天地里。

古代在背牛顶可留宿，不远的将来，随着旅游的开发，山顶别墅的兴建，那时“隔窗可摘星，卧床观日出，饭香鸟同吃，果熟猿共收”的万物相安世界定会重返山中，仅仅现在，登临此处，那种太白之豪，东坡之逸也会有油然而生。

现在渤海林场加大了开发力度，另一条下山路径已经凿通，而南山那种茂密丛林，满山的天女木兰及保存完好的长城敌楼、敌台更会使您流连忘返的。

游客朋友们，你们好。欢迎您到边陲明珠——黑河来旅游观光。

黑河，是中国首批沿边开放城市，地处中国东北边陲，以黑龙江主航道中心为界，与俄罗斯阿穆尔州隔江相望。黑河市与布拉戈维申斯克市是中俄边境线上距离最近、规格最高的对应城市，因其独特的地理位置，也称“中俄双子城”。F$ A, J2 i- g& U

黑河是一个幅员辽阔、区位优越、资源富集、美丽神奇的边境地区。下辖爱辉区、嫩江县、逊克县、孙吴县和北安市、五大连池市及五大连池风景名胜区。黑河口岸历史悠久，饱经沧桑。早在一万多年期，这里就有古人类繁衍生息，是满族、蒙古族、达斡尔族、鄂伦春、鄂温克等北方少数民族的发祥地。17世纪开始，沙俄开始武装入侵黑龙江流域。1858年签订《中俄瑗辉条约》，沙俄强行割去黑龙江以北60多万平方公里的土地，黑龙江从此由我国内河变成中俄界河。对岸的布拉戈维申斯克(海兰泡)也是被割去的城市之一。几经沧桑至今，1982年1月国务院批准恢复黑河口岸，1993年3月改制为黑河市。

黑河是别具北国特色的绿色净土观光带，拥有世界三大旅游资源中的冰雪、森林两大资源。世界罕见的五大连池天然火山地质博物馆，闻名遐迩的爱辉古城，民族风情浓厚的鄂伦春、达斡尔少数民族聚居地，惊险奇特的沾河漂流，茫茫的小兴安岭林海，两岸文明迥异的中俄大界河——黑龙江，为黑河旅游增添了无穷魅力。

下面让我带领您领略一番黑河的风采。"

从黑河乘车船约10分钟，便可以跨国界河黑龙江，去往俄罗斯阿穆尔州首府布拉戈维申斯克市，去领略异国风情。中俄界河黑龙江是世界第八安稳大河流，满族人称之为“萨哈连乌拉”，鄂温克人称之为“卡拉穆尔”，为“黑水”、“黑江”、“黑河”之意，黑河之名由此而来。俄罗斯人把黑龙江叫作“阿穆尔河”，把与黑河相邻的地区叫作“阿穆尔州”，就是由鄂温克人的“卡拉穆尔”一词音译而成。黑龙江原始、纯净，自然景观壮美，没有遭到人为污染，虽然同饮一条江水，两岸却是不同的种族，不同的文化。事实上，从1988年9月开始，经国务院批准，黑河就率先开通了“中苏一日游”，此后又相继开通了赴俄“二日游”、“三日游”、“多日游”、“疗养观光游”、“休闲度假游”、“购物游”等多种边境旅游项目，开发了黑河至俄罗斯莫斯科、圣彼得堡、克拉斯诺亚尔斯克——北冰洋、伊尔库茨克、贝加尔湖、庙街、南萨哈林岛等十几条旅游线路，您可以尽情领略独特的民族风情、人文历史和欧式建筑，无不令人心驰神往、流连忘返。

黑河市红色旅游资源丰富，贯穿全市南北，主要以抗日、抗联以及建立人民政权所产生的历史遗迹为主，主要有孙吴战争遗迹、朝阳山抗联遗址、中共黑龙江省政府和黑龙江日报社旧址、红灯记故事发生地、王肃烈士殉难地、冰趟子抗日战迹地、北门镇日军侵华地下工事遗址、嫩江霍龙门车站遗址等。瑷珲历史陈列馆、旅俄华侨纪念馆等景点，从景区所反映的内容看，有与红色旅游有相同的特征，是黑河市十分重要的爱国主义教育载体和旅游观光景区。瑷珲历史陈列馆位于黑河市爱辉区，是全国唯一一座以全面反映中俄东部300年关系史为基本陈列内容的专题性遗址博物馆，国家4A级景区。临近的知青博物馆，是国内唯一一家全面反映知识青年上山下乡这段历史的专题博物馆，展览主要特点以真人真事为主，反映了一代热血青年在祖国需要时承担起了历史责任，返程后以北大荒精神开始了二次创业。这些遗址遗迹，是历史的见证，您可以感受到黑河历史的变迁，感受到时代前进的步伐。

黑河有众多鄂伦春族、达斡尔族、满族等少数民族聚居的民俗村落，被称为中国爱斯基摩人的鄂伦春族人，是我国11个从原始社会末期直接进入社会主义社会的少数民族之一。在黑河爱辉区新生和逊克县新鄂、新兴鄂伦春民族乡的鄂伦春人，无论男女老少都精骑善猎、能歌善舞，仍然保留着独特的北方游猎民族的习俗和文化。这里建有能够展示俄罗斯民族、满族、达斡尔族、鄂伦春族民俗民风的黑龙江中俄民族风情园，《这里的黎明静悄悄》、《玫瑰绽放的年代》等一批优秀的电视连续剧在这里拍摄，与这些电视剧相关的场景、道具乃至格局都被原汁原味的保留了下来。此外，距离黑河市区10多公里的锦河农场，是电视连续剧《闯关东》的拍摄地，从剧中的老金钩采金场、黑丫头酒馆、“朱家大院”、“山东菜馆”等场景，您可以体味到当年祖辈们勇闯关东的艰辛历程。

如果您喜欢漂流，喜欢滑雪，喜欢生态旅游。那么，黑河也是您不错的选择。黑河生态旅游资源丰富。雄浑壮阔的黑龙江是中国北方民族的母亲河;黑龙江南岸的沾河是小兴安岭密林深处的一条未受污染的河流，原名沾别拉，为满语，意为急流河、落差大、水流湍急，河道弯曲，目前已开发长距离漂流、短距离漂流和冷水垂钓等;逊克大平台雾凇奇观凝雪挂霜，戴玉披银，如朵朵白银，排排雪浪，蔚为壮观。此外，卧牛湖景区、山口湖景区、高峰森林公园等也各具特色，是生态旅游的好去处。每当进入瑞雪飘零、千里冰封的时节，坐落在中俄边境线上的黑河就成了冰雪的故乡。20__年建成的国家3S级黑河龙珠远东国际滑雪场就成了中俄两国滑雪爱好者的天堂。这里，每天都有大量的中俄游客在这里滑雪、滑冰、玩雪地摩托、坐滑道等，您可以尽情的享受着大自然给您带来的各种冰雪乐趣。

可能您对我前面介绍的内容不是特别了解，但是我相信您一定听说过五大连池。五大连池是火山喷发出来的熔岩流阻塞河道后形成的火山堰塞湖。1060平方公里的景区内矗立着十四座新老期火山，喷发年代跳跃很大，由史前的200多万年到近代的280多年前，是世界顶级资源。这里拥有世界上保存最完整、分布最集中、品类最齐全、状貌最典型的新老期火山地质地貌。14座拔地而起的火山锥，山川辉映，景色优美，千姿百态，被科学家称之为“天然火山博物馆”和“打开的火山教科书”。20__年被评为国家AAAAA级景区。这里的天然矿泉有“神泉圣水”的美誉，和法国维希、格鲁吉亚北高加索纳尔赞并称为“世界三大冷矿泉”，在民间已有千年以上的康体养生历史，对人类的健康长寿具有神奇的功效，有诗赞曰：旷古绝作铸火山，罕世上善造神泉，熔岩腾飞化石海，万古酿就圣水传。五大连池火山群，正以其奇异壮美的火山景观、波光粼粼的湖水，喷水吐玉的矿泉、新颖美观的疗养别墅，蜚声海内外，享有“火山公园”之美誉。

言辞有限，不能赘述黑河的美。希望通过您的亲身体验，来发觉黑河的美，希望通过您的口，来添彩黑河的美!

Harbin is the capital of Heilongjiang Province, with a population of 5.3million and covering an area of 18,000 square kilometers. Located in easternSongnen plain, its a rolling land with low hills, and shallow valleys andcrossed by the Songhua River. It has a semi-humid temperate climate with anannual average temperature of 3.5 degree Celsius, rainfall of 530 millimetersand a frost-free period of 140 days. Its mineral resources are coal, quartzite,marble, copper, lead and zinc etc. Harbin is one of Chinas key industrialbases, with machine building industry as its main stay. Foodstuff, petroleum,chemicals and textiles are its important prop-ups. The output value of itspharmaceutical industry ranks first in China. The main agricultural products arewheat, soybean, beet, flax, tobacco, poultry, etc. Its among Chinas majorbeet growing areas. Harbin is the commercial center of Heilongjiang Province aswell as the communication hub in the northern part of North-East China, with awell-developed railway and highway network. It has regular air links with over30 cities at home and abroad. The Songhua River is an important waterway forshipping.

游客朋友，大家好。欢迎大家来临汾旅游。我是旅行社的导游员，在这为期三天的尧都之旅中将由我和我们旅行社的资深司机*师傅共同为大家服务，希望我们的服务能够给您的旅途提供方便，让您游的舒心，玩的放心。

为了方便大家几天的游览活动，我先将临汾的基本情况给大家做个简单介绍，方便大家随后几天的游览活动。临汾位于山西省东南部，地处黄河中游东岸与太岳山之间，总面积2.1万平方公里，总人口约400多万。黄河第二大支流汾河纵穿全市。这里拥有点燃人类第一支火把的光荣，传说黄帝时代的仓颉在这里发明了汉字，中国历史上第一帝第一都均诞生在这里。帝尧之都平阳就是现在的临汾市(尧都区)，春秋时期，晋国之都新田就是现在的侯马市晋文公称霸中原的基业就在这里奠定。1953年挖沙时一铲挖出个丁村，3枚人齿化石的出现填补了中国旧石器时代中期的那部分缺环，中国历史好象在那时一下子也就完整了。

悠久的历史，壮丽的山川造就了临汾市许多著名的旅游景观。今天我们将要游览的就是号称天下第一黄色大瀑布的吉县壶口瀑布。

壶口，作为大禹治水“引山表木”的第一标记早已名垂史册。她包含着我们先祖自强不息的精神，蕴藏着中华民族的丰富智慧，铭刻着古老的黄河文化印记。可以说，壶口是中华民族发展史上一个重要的里程碑。俗话说“不到长城非好汉，不见黄河心不死”，从临汾出发，经过4个多小时的车程，我们的游览车已经驶入壶口景区，大家请拿好自的随身物品依次下车，注意安全。

进入景区，首先映入我们眼帘的是我左手方向的十里龙槽，龙槽是大自然的杰作，是滚滚的黄河水千万年来冲刷切割的结果。由于壶口瀑布终年累月的向下冲击因而在河床上留下一道深壕，而且每年都在加长，至今已有10里之远，恰似一条匍匐在地的长龙，故名十里龙槽。

下面我们接着往前走，前面就是大家盼望已久的黄河母亲的心脏--壶口瀑布了。我想大家都曾从90版的50元人民币上一睹过了壶口瀑布的风采了，那当各位身临其境时感觉又是如何呢?刚才在车上有为先生问我为什么叫做“壶口”瀑布，下面就请大家一边欣赏瀑布一边听我的介绍。

黄河发源于青藏高原从高山流向大海，从远古流到今天，是高高的巴颜喀拉山孕育了她。她向东流经四川、甘肃、宁夏，在内蒙古托克托县河口镇时由于受到了吕梁山脉的阻挡，转南进入著名的晋陕大峡谷之中，上游数百米的水面当留到下游的龙王辿时，由于受到河床走势的影响，滔滔河水骤然收敛成约50余米，倾泻在落差30多米的石槽中，形成了一个巨大的瀑布，看起来就像从茶壶中往外到水，故形象的称她为“壶口瀑布”。

Harbin is the capital and largest city of Heilongjiang Province inNortheast China, as well as the tenth most populated city in the PeoplesRepublic of China. According to the 20__ China census data, the citys urbanarea has 5,878,939 inhabitants, while the total population of the sub-provincialcity is up to 10,635,971. Harbin serves as a key political, economic,scientific, cultural and communications hub in Northeast China.

Harbin, which is originally a Manchu word meaning "a place for dryingfishing nets", grew from a small rural settlement on theSonghua River to becomeone of the largest cities in Northeast China. Founded by Russia in 1898 with thecoming of the Trans-Manchurian Railway, today known as the Chinese EasternRailway, the city first prospered as a region inhabited by an overwhelmingmajority of the Jewish immigrants. It is known for its bitterly cold winters andis often called the "Ice City." Harbin is notable for its beautiful icesculptures in winter and its Russian legacy, and it still plays an importantpart in Sino-Russian trade today. In the 1920s, the city was considered Chinasfashion capital since new designs from Paris and Moscow reached there firstbefore arriving in Shanghai. In 20__, Harbin was declared a UNESCO "City ofMusic".

各位游客：

大家好!我是你们今天的导游x，你们可以叫我陈导。欢迎大家来到风景秀丽的黄山，今天我要带大家亲自体验黄山的美。一会儿下车后，我们需要乘坐缆车上黄山，请大家到时注意安全，不要争抢，以防发生危险。

现在，我先向大家介绍一下黄山的概况吧!黄山位于中国安徽省南部，属于中国南岭山脉的一部分，全山面积大约1200平方公里。黄山山系中段，是黄山的精华部分，也就是我们要游览的黄山风景区，面积大约154平方公里。

你们知道黄山这个名字是怎样得来的吗?在唐代以前它叫黟山，黟是黑的意思，因为山上的岩石大多青黑色的。传说咱们的先祖黄帝曾经来到这里采药炼丹，在温泉里洗澡，因而得道成仙。唐朝的皇帝便将黟山改名黄山，意思是这座山是黄帝的山，这个名字就一直用到现在。

大家知道黄山四绝吗?是啊，黄山的“奇松、怪石、云海、温泉”闻名天下，许多游客都慕名而来。它们各有各的特点，叫人无不称奇。奇松奇在它无比顽强的生命力和特有的天然造型，人们根据它们不同的形态，分别给它们取名：迎客松、黑虎松、龙爪松、探海松、团结松等等。怪石，则怪在它们的模样儿千差万别，有的像人，比如“仙人指路”，有的像物，比如“手机石”，还有的反映了神话传说和历史故事，比如“猴子观海”。黄山的云海与温泉也是其他风景区无法媲美的。当然，除了“黄山四绝”之外，黄山的瀑布、日出和晚霞，同样让人流连忘返。

朋友们，我们已经来到了黄山脚下的玉屏索道，让我们进一步去感受黄山奇妙无比的风光吧!

大家一路辛苦了，首先我代表中国旅行社欢迎大家来到河南观光旅游。我是此次行程的导游员小张，坐在我身边的这位是我们的司机—王师傅，此次河南之旅将由我们为大家提供全程服务。在旅途中，如果你有什么意见或建议，都可以提出来，我们会尽可能满足您的需求。最后，预祝大家旅途愉快!〔游的开心，玩的愉快〕

现在我们前往的是河南省目前唯一一家拥有世界地质公园，国家5a级旅游景区等7个国家级称号的景区——云台山。它位于河南省焦作市内。从郑州出发，经郑焦晋高速，跨黄河，过新乡和武陟，大约需要两个半小时就可到达修武县内的云台山了。在这段时间里，我先为大家介绍一下河南及其省会郑州的概况。

河南地处黄河中下游，因其大部分地区位于黄河以南，故名河南。河南古称“豫州",简称“豫”。两千多年前，在《尚书?禹贡》中有“序列九州之地，河南独居其中”的说法，故又有“中州”“中原”之称。河南是中国也是世界古代文明主要发祥地之一，在河南这块土地上先后创造了裴李岗文化、仰韶文化等令人赞叹的史前文化，揭开了中国人类文明的序幕。自夏朝到满清，在长达4000余年的古代历史时期，有3000年河南都一直处于全国政治、经济和文化的中心地域。河南地下文物全国第一，地上文物全国第二，被史学家誉为“中国历史自然博物馆”。

寻一支竹，携上一管箫，一壶茶，独自泛舟于瘦西湖上。轻轻地，缓缓地，竹并不避开这垂柳，只径向前去。柳叶嫩嫩的，细细的，轻托着你的脸庞。天幕上一轮圆月，此时想着“白兔捣药成”的故事。

月光均匀地撒在湖面。湖面上波光闪烁，月色便朦胧在湖面的水气之上，夹杂着嫩柳的清香，使人赏心悦目。月光翩跹着，低吟着。这光剔透，朴素，这光美丽，纯洁。

月下有晚练的人，有品茶吟诗的人，更多的是五、六个人围坐在一起，一边磕瓜子，一边拉家常的人。人们尽情地享受着月光的美好。

平躺于竹筏之上，饮一壶扬州绿茶。抬头仰望夜空，月亮明而大，白日的所有忧愁烦恼都抛于脑后船飘至五亭桥下，每个桥洞都有一轮明月，投一颗石子于洞下的月亮，月亮变得朦朦胧胧，仿佛有些支离破碎，又仿佛有些飘忽不定。尔后，便又复拢起来了。天下的星星密密麻麻的，衬托着月亮，使此时之月又有一番神韵。月亮的周围，镶了一道黄色的边，月边没有半丝杂云，感叹道：“明天又是个晴天!”

天涯共此月，但扬州地平湖多，因此在扬州便能寻觅到“许多月亮”。天涯共此月，扬州的月，以她的柔、静、美，哺育了扬州这片热土上的一代又一代人，不愧于徐凝的“天下三分明月夜，二分无赖是扬州”的美誉。

提到扬州的月，不得不联想到“二十四桥明月夜，玉人何处教吹箫”的诗句。扬州的箫声和扬州的明月是紧密联系的，这应了有箫必有月，有月必有箫，箫以它的悠扬纯朴博得了文人墨客与绝代佳人的情物。

扬州的明月被世人所赞颂，因为她美得纯洁，美得剔透，美得不张扬，美得不妖娆。

在今天的贵州安顺，聚居着一支与众不同的汉族群体―――屯堡人，他们的语音、服饰、民居建筑及娱乐方式与周围村寨截然迥异，这一独特的汉族文化现象被人们称之为“屯堡文化”。 这里的居民由于都是古时屯堡军户的后裔所以人们把他们称为“屯堡人”。 600多年前，明洪武帝朱元璋为加强连疆地区的统治。在江浙招幕士兵，让他们携妻带子进入贵州，居住在设置的卫所里，占时出征，闲时屯垦。当时卫所广布全省各地，军户达数万人之多。

沧海桑田，而今这些卫所的遗迹大多散落到了历史的时空中了，但在“黔之腹，滇之喉”的安顺，至今还保存着一此卫所旧址及当时人们生活的遗风，云山屯就是其代表。 屯堡人的服饰，主要表现在妇女身上，她们的装束通常是宽衣大袖，大衣袍长及膝下。领口、袖口、前襟边缘皆镶有流绣花纹，腰间以两端垂于膝弯部的织锦丝带系扎。长发挽成圆髻网罩挽于脑后，圆髻上插有玉簪、银链等首饰。

妇女婚否的区别在于：未婚少女梳长独辫;已婚者则除了挽髻外，尚须剃额修眉。妇女装束中往往还配有耳坠、手镯、戒指、手笼、长圆裙以及用绣、补、镂、镶、滚等方法制作的高帮单勾凤头布鞋。 如果游客来得适时，可以领略到许多独具特色而又韵味无穷的节日文化;正月初九的玉皇会，正月十六迎汪公，六月初六土地会，六月二十四敬雷神……这些节日中，以迎汪公最具屯堡特色。

各位来宾：大家好!

我是米亚罗红叶风景区的讲解员，名叫__现在，我代表我们神秘的“东方古堡”——桃坪羌寨旅游点的全体父老乡亲和全体工作人员向远道而来的朋友们表示最热烈的欢迎!(羌语)

桃坪羌寨是我们米亚罗红叶风景区的主要风景点之一。它位于理县东部，距成都158公里。全寨共有98户人家，489人。相传在一千多年以前，有个叫陶殊的人率先开发了这块富饶的土地，历史上这里叫“陶殊坪”。由于这里盛产桃子，所以又叫“桃子坪”，后来简称为“桃坪”。羌语叫“启子”。

桃坪羌寨风景点的主要特点是历史悠久，民居建筑古朴神秘，民族风情保存完好。所以许多专家、学者称它是神秘的“东方古堡”。在这个风景点上，大家可以看到高大的“羌碉”和古朴神秘的羌房，以及羌族祖先们为了防御敌人的侵略而修建的“迷魂阵”和地下供水系统;可以品尝风味别致的羌族餐饮;可以观赏热情奔放的羌家歌舞;还可以购买羌家姑娘们的杰作——羌绣工艺品以及水果之乡——桃坪的各种水果和农副土特产品。现在请大家跟我一块去参观。

大家看到这些房屋叫“庄房”，羌语叫“窝遮”。“庄房”是用片石和粘土砌成的。一般人户的住房都是四、五层。下面的一层是用来养猪、养羊的，中部的几层用来住人和做厨房，最高的一层用来堆放粮食和杂物。房顶用来打麦子、青稞、豆类和晒粮食。这种房屋就地取材，经济实用，冬暖夏凉，而且寿命特长，一般都可以使用四五百年，由于这种房屋的建造工艺非常高超，所以不是一般的工匠都可以建造的。砌这种房可以说是羌族工匠的专长。是羌族人从游牧民转为农耕民族的重要标志，也是我们羌民族坚韧不拔的象征，至今已有两千多年历史。羌族建筑师从小学艺，经过十几年的努力钻研才能达到较高的水平。所以羌族的建筑师在我们阿坝州享有很高的声誉，连藏族地区的许多民房都是请羌族工匠修建的。羌族人的住房是互相连接的，一旦打起仗来便可以互相支援。还有这些黑暗的、神秘的巷道，更是埋伏奇兵的好地方。入侵的敌人闯进巷道，就象进入了迷魂阵，不能辨别方向，最终会被杀死。大家看看，这些黑黑的洞口，就是施展刀枪的地方。

各位来宾，我们现在来到了一个非常特别，而且富有历史意义的地方，大家发现什么没有?听到什么声音没有?就在你们的脚下，有我们东方古堡最伟大的古建筑工程——地下供水系统!它不是用铁管做的，也不是用胶管或木头做的，而是用大的青石板拼成的许多条暗沟，把清清的溪水送到每家每户的门口，打起仗来，人们不用走出巷门便可取水饮用，不但可以减少人员的伤亡，而且可以与敌人周旋，打一场持久的防御战争。这个系统还有另外的功能，那就是防火。如果村里不慎发生火灾，每家每户立即揭开石板，取水灭火，从而保护了全寨人的生命财产安全。

现在大家看到的这座高大建筑叫羌碉，是我们东方古堡的标志性建筑，在历史上，我们桃坪有五、六座这样的羌碉，后来，由于种.种原因损坏了几个。剩下的这两座羌碉已经有1200多年的历史。它们经历了上千年的风雨剥融和一九三三年茂县叠溪的七点八级大地震以及一九三五年的火灾，至今还保存完好，可风羌族人建筑工艺的精巧。据《后议书》(西南夷)记载：“羌人依山居止，垒石为室，高者数丈，胃之邛笼”。所以历史上称羌碉为邛笼。羌碉很高，一般都有二三十米，有七八层的，也有十几层的。羌碉的作用订是用来防御敌人的。碉的下面几层用来驻兵和堆放粮食，最高一层用来观察敌情和施放烟幕。在我们民族地区，每隔一定距离就有一个这样的碉楼。连接起几百里间的村村寨寨，一旦发现敌情，马上点燃碉上的烟幕，很快就把战争的住处传到百里之外。

羌族人民热爱大自然，相信万物皆有神灵，因此他们崇拜天神、地神、山神、水神、树神、羊神等三十多种自然神。其中，对天神(白石神)最为崇敬。相传在远古时期，羌人与戈基人在岷江上游大战，羌兵眼看就要全军覆没了，羌族女神木姐珠及时赶来，从天上抛下三块白石，化为三座大雪山，挡住了戈基人的追兵，挽救了羌族儿女，从此，羌族人就把白石奉为天神。

由于历史的原因，羌族人没有自己的文字。传说在远古时期，羌人的首领阿巴白狗掌握着用桦树皮写成的羌文经书，所以他能知晓天事人事，行军打仗也很有本领。有一天，他因疲劳而睡得太沉了，白毛公山羊闯进他的帐篷，偷吃了全部桦皮经书，阿巴白狗气极了，不但杀了心爱的白毛公山羊，而且还剥了它的皮，吃了它的肉，又用它的皮做成了鼓，敲鼓念经才回忆起不少天事人事。所以，古老的羌族文化靠口头背颂才传承下来。后来羌族巫师(端公)也就成了羌族文化的传承人。

羌餐，是桃坪羌寨的主要特色之一如果你有幸到羌家作客，热情好客的主人会给你端来香味朴鼻的羌家腊猪肉、香锗腿和柳沟肉，还有山龙须、蕨菜、刺隆包等山野菜。羌家姑娘会为你敬上醇香的青稞酒。在一阵阵甜甜的羌家祝酒歌的感染下，也许你会醉意朦胧，也许你会飘然若仙，使你终身难忘。

羌绣，是中华民族五千年灿烂文化中的瑰宝。也是我们桃坪姑娘的拿手绝活。由于羌族姑娘从小就喜欢学习刺绣，从而学成了精于手工的传统技艺。到了出嫁的时候，姑娘们一定要尽其所能绣出几件最好的嫁衣，最好的云云鞋和最好的鞋垫，否则会被男方轻视。所以，羌绣能历经一千多年历史而传承至今，而且精美绝伦，成为许多专家学者的研究对象和收藏品，请大家不要忘了购买这些珍贵的纪念口噢!

各位朋友，穿过午门，现在我们已经进入故宫。故宫中这第一进院落就是太和门广场。首先我们看到是内金水河，它自西向东蜿蜒流过太和门广场，上边有五座汉白玉石桥，就是内金水桥。它们象征五德，即仁、义、礼、智、信，是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是内金水河，内金水河从紫禁城西北角筒子河涵道引入紫禁城，沿紫禁城内西侧南流，至武英殿东向，经武英殿门前，再东经涵道至太和门前。又经涵道东出至文渊阁前水池，从文渊阁东出经三座门前石桥，最后流入午门东侧筒子河，全长2100米。内金水河的作用不仅是故宫中排水的主要通道，也是宫中营造用水和灭火的主要水源，同时还起到了分隔空间、点缀景观的作用，使太和门广场在雄浑中不失秀美。

跨过金水桥，这片广场曾经是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。何谓“御门听政”呢?这“御门”即指太和门，即前朝的正门，初建于明永乐年间，当时叫奉天门，明嘉靖年间改称皇极门，清顺治年后改称太和门。“听政”是指听取政事。明永乐皇帝朱棣迁都北京不到百日，三大殿被大火烧毁，朱棣曾在此御门听政，处理国家朝政。清朝人关后，清世祖福临的登基典礼、加封多尔衮为叔父摄政王、封吴三桂为平西王等活动都是在太和门举行的。

太和门东庑中间的门叫协和门，西庑中间的门叫熙和门。太和门、协和门、熙和门加上前朝三大殿的太和殿、中和殿、保和殿称为“六和”。在太和门两旁还有两道门，分别为昭德门和贞度门。

过了太和门我们就来到了故宫中最重要的院落——太和殿及其广场。太和殿广场基本呈正方形，整个院落平坦宽阔，气势非凡。中间御路铺以青石，两侧青砖墁地。北有太和殿，南为太和门，东为体仁阁，西为弘义阁，面积约3万平方米，是整座紫禁城面积的1/24。整个广场可容纳近7万人。在每年的元旦、冬至以及皇帝登基、大婚、万寿这些重大活动的时候，都要在太和殿以及太和殿广场举行隆重的大朝礼。

大家请看，远处正前方是一片汉白玉雕砌的三层高台基，呈“土”字形，俗称“三台”。台基高8.13米，台边缘高7.12米，三层台基间，分列着18尊鼎式香炉。在每一层基座的边缘都伸出很多小龙头，那些小龙的名字叫“螭”，是传说中一种没有角的龙，这些小龙头实际上是大殿的排水系统。如果仔细看会发现每个龙头的嘴里都有一个小孔，即喷水孔，三层基座之上共设小龙头1142个，每当下大雨的时候，雨水便从1142个龙头嘴里的小孔内排出，非常壮观，为宫中一景，被称为“千龙吐水”。三重台基承托着雄伟的三大殿，这就是故宫的中

心建筑——太和殿、中和殿、保和殿。其中太和殿位于“土”字形须弥座的南部，各位可以先在这里留个影，然后我们就去参观太和殿。好!现在我们面前这座高台上的宏伟建筑就是太和殿，也就是民间所说的“金銮宝殿”。太和殿是紫禁城的正殿，被视为皇权的象征。太和殿始建于明永乐年间，原名奉天殿，嘉靖年间重建后改称皇极殿。清初顺治年间改称太和殿，康熙年间又两次大规模改造，才有今天我们看到的太和殿的规模。“太和”二字出自《周易·乾·彖辞传》中的“乾道变化，各正性命，保合大和乃利贞。”“太”即大，“和”即和谐。意思是在天道的主宰下，阴阳和合，太和元气常运不息，万物和谐共存。太和殿面阔11间，进深5间，殿高35.05米，面积约2377平方米。它是紫禁城乃至全国现存的最高、最大、最尊贵的宫殿，也是现存的中国宫殿建筑中规模最大的一座。太和殿在明清两代是举行大朝礼的地方。每逢元旦、冬至、万寿，即皇帝生日这三大节及皇帝登基、大婚、命将出征、金殿传胪等重大活动都要在太和殿举行隆重的庆典。此外，冬至圜丘坛大祀、孟春圜丘坛常雩礼、孟春祁谷坛前一日，皇帝也都要在太和殿阅视祭祀祝版。大家请抬头看太和殿的屋顶，太和殿屋顶是采用古建筑中等级最高的重檐庑殿顶。屋顶正脊上两头的这两大琉璃构件叫大吻，吻上的龙形有镇火的意思。除了装饰性，它的实用功能是密合殿顶正脊和垂脊的交会处，以防风雨侵蚀。这两个大吻高3.4米，宽2.68米，重4.3吨，由13块琉璃构件组成，是现存古建中最大的吻。太和殿殿顶四面坡的筒子瓦上镶有琉璃帽钉两排，垂脊上还有10个垂脊兽，分别是龙、凤、狮、海马、天马、押鱼、狻猊、獬豸、斗牛、行什，脊兽前是骑凤仙人。脊兽和帽钉既有装饰性又有实用性，它们起着固定屋顶琉璃瓦的作用。在我国古代，脊兽的数量依照建筑物的等级高低而不同，数量越多，代表了殿宇等级越高。太和殿的脊兽共有10只，全国只有故宫的太和殿是这样。此外，太和殿装饰用的彩绘也是最高等级的金龙和玺。

现在请大家跟随我一起登上高台来看看太和殿的内部陈设。太和殿由72根巨柱支撑，其中66根大红漆柱分布两侧，6根沥粉贴金蟠龙金柱分列宝座两旁。大殿内的地上是“金砖漫地”，这种金砖主要产于江苏省苏州，是专门为皇宫烧造的细料方砖。之所以叫金砖，是因为这种砖烧制时间130天，质地细密，敲之有金石之声。太和殿内的主要陈设是皇帝的宝座。宝座位于二米高的须弥式地平床上，通体雕以金龙，椅子后面是雕龙金漆的七扇屏风。金銮宝座是明代的遗物，清朝的皇帝继续使用。在袁世凯复辟的时候，曾经将它换成了一个西式靠背坐椅。解放以后，专家们在库房内发现了宝座的残件，经过一年多的研究整修，终于恢复了宝座原貌。

现在请大家抬头看，宝座的上方是蟠龙藻井，上圆下方，深1.8米，由上、中、下三部分组成，最下层是方井，中层为八角形，上部为圆形。井内蟠龙俯首向下，龙口衔一个铜胎中空的水银球。这个球被称为轩辕镜，寓意下面宝座上的皇帝是轩辕黄帝的正统继承人。藻井的设置一方面是烘托帝王的尊严，另一方面还有镇火的含义。

好，再来看宝座前方，大家可以看到宝座前设有脚踏、香筒、角端、仙鹤、宝象等。香筒是皇帝上朝的时候用于放置檀香的，通过燃烧着的袅袅的香烟，烘托出一种神秘的气氛。再来看象，身上驼着宝瓶，里面放有五谷，寓意天下太平，吉庆有余。而象身四脚立地，稳如泰山，则象征社会和政权的稳固，称为太平有象。角端，是传说中的一种神兽，象征着当今皇帝是圣明之君。仙鹤被古人看作是一种长寿鸟，象征着江山长存。

看完了太和殿内景，现在，让我们转过头来再来看看殿外的陈设。在太和殿外的露台上左右各有一只龙头乌龟和一只铜鹤。龟鹤都是祥瑞长寿的动物，摆在这里有千秋万代的含义。再仔细观察一下，大家可能会发现，龟鹤实际上是香炉，龟鹤背上有一块可以开启的盖子，里面可以放香料，上大朝时燃香用，届时香烟从龟鹤口中逸出，烘托了一种神秘庄严的气氛。此外，在太和殿丹陛的东南角还设有日晷。日晷是我国古代的一种计时器，由晷盘和晷针组成，晷针从晷盘中心垂直穿过。自古以来，皇帝就有向天下颁布历书的责任，所以日晷的设置是国家的重器之一。太和殿西南角设有嘉量，是古代的标准量器，放置在这里象征国家的统一和强盛。这两件陈设象征皇帝在时间上和空间上都是公正无私的，对天下百姓都是坦诚、平等的。

此外，在太和殿外东西两侧还各有鎏金青铜太平缸两口，每口重约2吨。鎏金是一种金属加工工艺，据说这么大的太平缸需要用黄金100两。不幸的是，上面的黄金却被八国联军用军刀刮走了。现在我们还可以清晰地看到缸身上留下的刀刮痕迹。太平缸的主要用途是储水，以备日常洒扫庭院、防火之用。据记载明朝时有热水处太监在每年的小雪节令，便给缸加盖，缸座底下加铁屉，用来生火，以防止缸内的水结冰，清朝时也是如此。紫禁城内现在共有明清两朝遗留下来的铜质及铁质太平缸308口，其中鎏金铜缸18口。

以上就是太和殿的情况。我刚才说了，太和殿是举行大典的地方，在古代，举行各种大典都要选良辰吉时，那么皇帝在何处等待这历史性时刻的来临呢?就是太和殿后面的中和殿，那我们现在就去看看!

中和殿位于太和殿和保和殿之间，正处于“土”字形须弥座的中部。殿为方形，四角攒尖，鎏金宝顶。中和殿在明朝初年称为华盖殿，嘉靖年间改称中极殿，顺治年间改为中和殿。“中和”二字取自《礼记·中庸》“中也者，天下之大本也;和也者，天下之达道也。”体现了儒家中庸之道的思想。

在明清两代，凡遇到三大节举行庆典前，皇帝在赶赴太和殿之前，都要在中和殿稍作休息，接受内阁、内大臣、都察院、翰林院官员及侍卫人员的朝贺。如果遇到皇帝亲自参加方泽、太庙、社稷及历代帝王庙、先师孔子、朝日、夕月等重大祭典的时候，皇帝还要提前一天在中和殿阅览祝文以表示恭敬谨慎。每年仲春时节皇帝在去先农坛行耕礼时，也会亲自到中和殿阅览祝文，检查种子和农具。

过了中和殿，我们就来到了保和殿，它位于“土”字形须弥座的后部，为重檐歇山顶。明初永乐年间这里叫做谨身殿，嘉靖时改为建极殿，顺治年间改为中和殿。保和殿名称来源与太和殿相同，意思是统治者应该保持天人合一，维护万物的平衡。

保和殿在明清两代用途不同。明朝的时候，在举行册立大典的时候，皇帝都要在保和殿内更衣。在年底，还要在此宴请文武百官。在清朝时，每逢除夕，皇帝在这里举行宴会，宴请外藩王公。公主下嫁的宴请活动也在这里举行。到了乾隆皇帝以后，保和殿又多了一个用途，成为科举考试中殿试的地方。

大家随我往后走，大家看，在保和殿后的台阶上的这块石雕丹陛，是艾叶青石雕刻而成的，石雕四周都是卷草纹，下端是海水江牙纹，中央是飞云簇拥的九条蛟龙。制作非常精美，是难得的石雕珍品。这块丹陛石长16.57米，宽3.07米，厚1.7米，重达200多吨，这是紫禁城内最大的一块石雕丹陛，采自北京房山境内的大石窝。

好啦!故宫的前三殿讲解到此结束，现在请大家参观保和殿并稍作休息，我们10分钟后集合，谢谢大家!

其实旅游是件很开心的事，话说旅行不必在乎其目的，只需在乎沿途的风景及看风景时的心情，所以希望兰州的好山好水能给各位带来一份好心情，那么在整个行程中如果各位有什么需要帮助的，请尽管来找我，我会竭尽全力地为大家服务，同时也希望我的工作能得到各位的支持与配合，在此预祝大家在兰州玩的开心!希望这次行程就像我的名字一样，热烈欢迎大家的到来，然后玩的欢欢快快，吃的欢欢欣欣，享受的欢欢畅畅……

麦积山位于甘肃省天水市东南约45公里处，是我国秦岭山脉西端小陇山中的一座奇峰，山高只142米，但山的形状奇特，孤峰崛起，犹如麦垛，人们便称之为麦积山。山峰的西南面为悬崖峭壁，石窟就开凿在峭壁上，有的距山基二三十米，有的达七八十米。在如此陡峻的悬崖上开凿成百上千的洞窟和佛像，在我国的石窟中是罕见的。

麦积山周围风景秀丽，山峦上密布着翠柏苍松，野花茂草。攀上山顶，极目远望，四面全是郁郁葱葱的青山，只见千山万壑，重峦叠嶂，青松似海，云雾阵阵，远景近物交织在一起，构成了一幅美丽的图景，这图景被称为天水八景之首的“麦积烟雨”。在我国的著名石窟中，自然景色以麦积山为最佳。

麦积山石窟属全国重点文物保护单位，建自公元384年，后来经过十多个朝代的不断开凿、重修，遂成为我国著名的大型石窟之一，也是闻名世界的艺术宝库。现存洞窟194个，其中有从4世纪到19世纪以来的历代泥塑、石雕7200余件，壁画1300多平方米。麦积山石窟的一个显著特点是洞窟所处位置极其惊险，大都开凿在悬崖峭壁之上，洞窟之间全靠架设在崖面上的凌空栈道通达。游人攀登上这些蜿蜒曲折的凌空栈道，不禁惊心动魄。古人曾称赞这些工程：“峭壁之间，镌石成佛，万龛千窟。碎自人力，疑是神功。”附近群众中还流传着“砍完南山柴，修起麦积崖”，“先有万丈柴，后有麦积崖”的谚语。可见当时开凿洞窟，修建栈道工程之艰巨、宏大。

麦积山石窟艺术，以其精美的泥塑艺术闻名中外。历史学家范文澜曾誉麦积山为“陈列塑像的大展览馆”。如果说敦煌是一个大壁画馆的话，那么，麦积山则是一座大雕塑馆。这里的雕像，大的高达15米多，小的仅20多厘米，体现了千余年来各个时代塑像的特点，系统地反映了我国泥塑艺术发展和演变过程。这里的泥塑大致可以分为突出墙面的高浮塑，完全离开墙面的圆塑，粘贴在墙面上的模制影塑和壁塑四类。其中数以千计的与真人大小相仿的圆塑，极富生活情趣，被视为珍品。

麦积山的塑像有两大明显的特点：强烈的民族意识和世俗化的趋向。除早期作品外，从北魏塑像开始，差不多所有的佛像都是俯首下视的体态，都有和蔼可亲的面容，虽是天堂的神，却象世俗的人，成为人们美好愿望的化身。从塑像的体形和服饰看，也逐渐在摆脱外来艺术的影响，体现出汉民族的特点来。

麦积山的洞窟很多修成别具一格的“崖阁”。在东崖泥塑大佛头上15米高处的七佛阁，是我国典型的汉式崖阁建筑，建在离地面50米以上的峭壁上，开凿于公元6世纪中叶。麦积山石窟虽以泥塑为主，但也有一定数量的石雕和壁画。麦积山石窟被列为国家重点文物保护单位，新架和修复了1300多米的凌空栈道，使游人能顺利登临所有洞窟。麦积山石窟的造像最高大者达16米，最小者仅为10余厘米。其中第44窟造像被日本人称为“东方的维纳斯”。西秦的78窟、128窟的造像的僧衣细致地绘出了图案。建于七十余米高的的七佛阁上塑像俊秀，过道顶上残存的壁画精美绝伦，其中西端顶部的车马行人图，无论从哪个角度看车马所走方向均不相同，堪称国内壁画构图之经典之作。

苏州留园是中外旅游胜地，里面的三绝是赫赫有名的冠云峰、楠木殿和鱼化石。留园以园内建筑布置精巧、奇石众多而知名，它是5A级旅游风景区，也是世界文化遗产。所以我准备去留园“探宝”。

这天烈日当空，火辣辣的太阳烘烤着大地，蝉在树上大声地嘶喊着。我迈着轻快而喜悦的步伐走进了留园。一进园，我发现这里空气清新，室内阴凉无比，墙壁的每一扇漏窗镶嵌着各种各样的花纹。走着走着，我不知不觉来到了一个大池塘边，这里游人如织，荷叶像一个个小娃娃挤在一起，拼命争夺着自己的空间。小鱼儿在荷叶间游过，似乎在玩着捉迷藏的游戏。我还发现一只千年老龟，它在水里自由自在地游着，悠哉悠哉，好快活啊!每一条鱼都不敢侵犯它。

我沿着池塘里的回廊曲折前进，忽然，看见草丛中竖着一块大石头，原名，这就是闻名遐迩的名石冠云峰。果真，它具备“瘦、漏、皱、透”的太湖石特色。它就像一尊雅典娜的雕像，闪烁着智慧的光芒，并注视着我。据说这块太湖石是宋代遗留下来的呢!

全园用建筑来划分空间，可分中、东、西、北四个景区：中部以山水见长，池水明洁清幽，峰峦环抱，古木参天;东部以建筑为主，重檐迭楼，曲院回廊，疏密相宜，奇峰秀石，引人入胜;西部环境僻静，富有山林野趣;北部竹篱小屋，有乡村田园风味。

北海公园(Beihai Park)位于北京市中心区，城内景山西侧，在故宫的西北面,属于中国古代皇家园林。这里原是辽、金、元建离宫，明、清辟为帝王御苑，是中国现存最古老、最完整、最具综合性和代表性的皇家园林之一，1920xx年开放为公园。是中国保留下来的最悠久最完整的皇家园林。

北海公园以神话中的“一池三仙山”，构思布局，形式独特，富有浓厚的幻想意境色彩。对啦，关于“一池三山”还有个故事呢!战国时代传说，渤海东面有"蓬菜"、"瀛洲"、"方丈"3座仙山，山上住有神仙，藏有长生不老药。公元前220xx年，秦始皇统一中国后，派方士徐福等带童男女数千人，渡海找3座"仙山"，寻长生不老药，未果;便在兰池宫建百里长池，筑土为蓬菜山，刻石为鲸，长200丈。到了汉朝，汉武帝重蹈覆辙，仍未找到仙山，于是降旨在建章宫后挖一个大水池，取名"太液池"。将挖出的泥土的池中堆了3座山，象征蓬菜、瀛洲、方丈3座仙山。此后历代皇帝都在宫殿附近建"一池三山"。北海园林依这个传统而建的，琼岛如"蓬菜"，团城为"瀛洲"，中海犀山台似"方丈"。

从南门进入北海公园，自然先到团城。

Friends:

good afternoon. Now we come to the Bund by the Huangpu River in Shanghai.First of all, I would like to welcome you to visit the Bund and wish you apleasant trip.

There are five tourist routes in the new Bund. On your left hand side arethe magnificent buildings and spacious Zhongshan Road known as the "WorldArchitecture Expo". On your right hand side are the sparkling Huangpu River andPudong Lujia financial and trade zone with bright future. In front of you is anew and unique sightseeing area. The buildings, Zhongshan Road, sightseeingarea, Huangpu River and Lujiazui are like the staff in the music score, whilethe industrious Shanghai people are like strings of inter symbol, forming thelatest and most beautiful movement. Welcome to all the guests.

What about the Bund? To put it simply, it used to be a reed coveredwasteland outside the old city of Shanghai.

After the first war in 1840, the locked door was opened by the colonists,and Shanghai was forced to become a commercial port. Since then, all kinds ofwestern style buildings have sprung up with the colonists "seizing the beach".By the early 1930s, Shanghai had leapt from a coastal town to the largest cityin the Far East.

Although these buildings with European Renaissance style are not designedby the same designer or built in the same era, their architectural style is soharmonious and unified that it seems to be natural. From the the Bund road tothe outer white road bridge, the length of the arc is only 1.5 kilometers, androw upon row of 52 buildings of different styles, including English, French,ancient Greek, etc. At that time, many foreign banks, associations andconsulates gathered here, known as "Wall Street" in the East, forming ahistorical miniature of the semi colonial and semi feudal society in oldShanghai.

Please see, Dongfeng Hotel No.2 on the new Bund used to be a very famousBritish club. It is a typical British classical building. The building is 6stories high (including basement). There is a lookout Pavilion at the north andsouth ends of the roof. The interior decoration is very gorgeous. The firstfloor bar used to be proud of its 110.7-foot bar, which is the longest in theEast. Now KFC is located in the bar.

Before the new Bund 12, it was the famous "HSBC Bank". The building wasbuilt in 1923, which is an antique Greek style dome building. The building is arectangular building close to square, with five stories high and a halfspherical top layer. There are seven stories at the top of the building and asteel frame structure. The interior of the building is decorated with variousreception rooms in the United States, Britain, France, Russia and Japan. Thisbuilding was once regarded by the British as one of the most exquisite buildingsfrom the Suez Canal to the Bering Strait in the Far East.

The building next to HSBC is the Shanghai customs building, a 19th-centuryretro building, built in 1927, which is rare in the world today. The clock onthe top of the building can be seen all around. It plays a short tune every 15minutes. The sound of the bell is melodious and deep, with a sound of 10 Li.

After Wilson, the British designer, the HSBC building and the customsbuilding are affectionately called "sister buildings" in Shanghai, and they arestill one of the important symbols of Shanghai.

The two buildings at the entrance of Nanjing East Road are called peacehotel. The south facing building was built in 1906. It was called Huizhong hotelat that time. It is the earliest existing hotel in Shanghai. It can be used as ahistorical building, belonging to the Renaissance of British culture. Thebiggest feature of the building is that the facade is made of red brick withwaist line and white wall brick with veneer. From a distance, it looks solemnand elegant with unique style, which is a rare masterpiece.

These buildings on the Bund are the crystallization of the industriouswisdom of the Chinese working people, and also reflect the plunder and invasionof Shanghai by the western colonists. Nowadays, in order to let people know thehistory of these buildings, the Chinese and English nameplates are hung in frontof each building.

As for the Bund, the name given to her by Shanghai people has changed withthe passage of time. Shanghai people call the Bund before liberation the oldBund and after liberation the Bund. Now people praise it as the new Bund. Therehave been scenes of seizing the Bund many times in history, but each time has acompletely different historical significance. Since the Third Plenary Session ofthe Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the strategicfocus of Chinas reform and opening up has also changed from south to north. Thedevelopment and revitalization of Pudong has brought Shanghai to the forefrontof Chinas reform and opening up. The spring breeze has awakened Shanghai Bund,which has been sleeping for many years. Chinese and foreign financialinstitutions have also seized the Bund. Shanghai has made a major move to "cleanup the nest and attract Phoenix", replacing the houses on the Bund FinancialStreet, attracting "old customers" at home and abroad to settle down again,showing the style of "Wall Street" in the Far East again.

The Bund is a symbol of Shanghai and a must for Chinese and foreigntourists. But in the past, because of the narrow road and the crowded traffic,the overall image of the Bund was seriously affected. In order to change theappearance of the Bund, the Shanghai Peoples government takes the Bund as a keypoint to transform. The road in front of us is called Zhongshan Road. It isnamed in memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the pioneer of Chinas democraticrevolution. It is also part of the comprehensive transformation of the Bund. Theroad is 826m long and 45m wide with 6 to 10 lanes. This wide traffic line is notonly limited to the Bund area, but also extends with the pace of reform andopening up. It starts from Jiangwan Wujiaochang in the north and ends at NanpuBridge in the south. By the beginning of the next century, the North-SouthCorridor will be 15 kilometers long and will become a landmark of Shanghaitourism.

The riverside road we are taking now is quite unique. It not onlyintegrates culture and greening, but also is a good place for people to practicewriting and martial arts in the morning, a place for tourists at home and abroadto visit in the daytime, and an ideal place for lovers to have a love talk inthe evening. It is said that many foreign friends have come to experiencelife.

Ladies and gentlemen, strolling in the new Bund Sightseeing Area, do youfeel that the new Bund not only has a new look, but also has a strong artisticatmosphere in the bustling city. Lets see: an artistic landscape with the themeof "for tomorrow" is set on the Bund of Yanan East Road, embracing with sixcolumns and combining with the meteorological signal station with a history ofmore than 80 years to form a group of scenery. The customs building and theelectronic waterfall clock are also quite new. The electronic waterfall clock isa ladder type, 27 meters long and 3.5 meters high, with 10 full steps. The wholeoperation process is controlled by computer. There are more than 1000 jets ofwater in various colors of Arabic numerals, which makes the world so far awayand so close to each other. The tourist area has become a scenic line ofShanghai style culture that can accommodate hundreds of rivers.

Walking on the Bund, we unconsciously entered Huangpu Park. When it comesto this park, every Chinese cant forget the sign that "Chinese and dogs are notallowed to enter" hung by foreign powers at the gate of the park in the past.The infamous sign brought great shame to the Chinese people at that time! Now,look at the 60 meter high Shanghai Peoples handsome monument standing in frontof the water. The majestic three pillar huanggangyan tower seems to tell peoplethat the people will always remember the heroes who sacrificed their lives forthe national humiliation and Shanghais revolutionary cause since the war, theMay 4th Movement and the liberation war.

Huangpu Park is facing the famous Huangpu River at home and abroad. "Theyellow water in Huanglongpu on the moon" vividly depicts the color of HuangpuRiver. Jiangpu river is the mother river of Shanghai. It originates from TaihuLake in Wuxi. It is the longest, widest and deepest river in Shanghai, with atotal length of 114 km, an average width of 400 m and a depth of 7-9 M. Itsoriginal name is Dongjiang, also known as chunshenjiang and huangxiejiang. It issaid that more than 20__ years ago, Shanghai belonged to the state of Chu. Atthat time, there was a great general named Huang Xie in the state of Chu. He wasvery talented in governing the country. He was appointed prime minister by theking of Chu and was granted the title of "fengshenjun" to govern the land ofShanghai. Due to the siltation of the upper reaches of Dongjiang River at thattime, he led the people of Shanghai to dredge and modify the waterway, whichgreatly developed Shanghais water transportation and agriculture. In order tocommemorate Huang Xies achievements, later generations changed the name ofDongjiang River to "chunshenjiang" and "huangxiepu", which was not officiallynamed "Huangpu River" until the Southern Song Dynasty.

Huangpu River has two "children", one is Pudong, the other is Puxi. Beforethe birth of new China, their family was oppressed by three mountains. Themother river was full of warships and merchant ships, and the "two children"were also overwhelmed. "Tiaohuangpu" is the catchphrase of Shanghai people. Itmeans that the common people who cant survive in the old society come here tothrow themselves into the river.

Overlooking the other bank, Pudong Lujiazui financial and trade zone andPuxi Bund are facing each other. Its functions are finance, trade and foreignservices. It will be the core and symbol of new Shanghai. "East Bund" BinjiangAvenue, with a total length of 2500 meters, integrates tourism, sightseeing andentertainment, along which there are six distinctive squares. Although I canonly smell the rumbling sound of piling, it is the most gorgeous movement on thestaff and predicts a better future for the Bund.

鳞次栉比的高楼大厦;川流不息的车辆;地上芳草成坪;鲜花竞相开放、争奇斗艳;一棵棵青翠欲滴的大树;一股晶莹剔透的喷泉;再加上街道上形形色色的人。塑造了一个幸福美好的城市——迪拜。

站在迪拜的街，看到一排排高楼大厦之间有着一条条宽阔平坦的柏油大道，似乎与大海相连。又好像两个背靠背在说悄悄话。更像一条等待腾飞的卧龙。在纵横交错的大道右边，有一座座高耸入云的大楼，这些高楼拔地而起，高低错落，整齐的矗立在城市之中。仿佛是一个个高大的巨人屹立在地上，守位着自己美好的家园。在大道的左边是一片片树林，而这正是迪拜的中心公园。这里树木成荫、鲜花遍地。郁郁葱葱的草地地轻柔的微风中展示自己的风采。它们绿得神圣，绿得自然，绿得优雅!草地上点缀着绚丽的野花，它们在微风中翩翩起舞。吸引了成千上万的蝴蝶，看着这如诗如画的场面，使人有种梦幻般的感觉，令人心旷神怡。一颗璀璨的明珠浮现在我的眼前——喷泉在绿草怀抱之中尽情地喷洒着滴滴清亮的水珠，在那千丝万缕的阳光下显得晶莹剔透，银光闪闪。这不由自主让我想到那纵横交错的自来水管，此时此刻正源源不断地把水送到树木花草的根部，让树叶更绿，小草更翠，鲜花更艳，让它们更加生机勃勃!夜幕初临，在灯光的映耀下宛如一条条银蛇在游动。

看到这美丽的景色，我不禁感叹：“迪拜真美啊!”阿联酋人民像爱护孩子一样，精心待弄着这些花草树木。正是有了这些绿树和鲜花，沙漠中的人们才有了良女的生存环境。同学们，让我们和阿联酋人民一样，用自己勤劳的双手创造奇迹。让我们一起保护蓝天碧水，共建美好家园!

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

海南旅游景点导游词

海南是个值得一去的旅游地方，小编在这给大家准备了一些导游词，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢哦。

海南东寨港红树林保护区导游词

海南的红树林以琼山、文昌为最，其中琼山市的东寨港红树林保护区是游人去得最多的景区之一。面积4000多公顷，是我国建立的第一个红树林保护区。

红树林是热带、亚热带滨海泥滩上特有的常绿灌木或乔木的植物群落，其大部分树种属于红树科,生态学上通称为红树林，是能生长于海水中的绿色植物。

世界上红树有23科81种,海南有23科，41种,最高者达10米。这里的红树林生长良好，涨潮时分，茂密的红树林树干被潮水淹没，只露出翠绿的树冠随波荡漾，成为壮观的“海上森林”，有水鸟展翅其间，游人可乘小舟深入林中。

红树一些种属具有特异的“胎生”繁殖现象，种子在母树上的果实内萌芽，长成小苗后，同果实一起从树上掉下来，插入泥滩只要2至3个钟头，就可以成长为新株。如果落在海水里，随波逐流，数月不死，见泥生根。

红树是热带海岸的重要标志之一，能防浪护岸，又是鱼虾繁衍栖息的理想场所。红树本身具有重要经济价值和药用价值。

红树的生态环境和水上风貌奇特壮丽，具有很高的欣赏价值，曾有人以散文诗礼赞曰：在所有草木不愿也不能立脚之地，以缄默的坚韧挽手并肩，结成摧不垮的团队，风流在海与岸之间，潇洒在水与天之间，化狂风为情侣的私语，变惊涛为诗人的吟哦。……拨响海风的绿写诗，饱尝苦咸的红修史，你以血性之躯，将华美而深沉的史诗绣在热岛长长的海岸线上，绣成海南骄傲的风景。

1、交通：东寨港属于非常规旅游地，坐车去比较麻烦。先在海口坐去琼山的巴士，在五公祠下车，然后在对面的红城湖路等去“演丰”或是“曲口”的中巴(4元/人)，行驶一个半小时左右到演丰，下车再乘海南特色的“风采车”到达景区，然后就可以坐快艇去看红树林了。

2、住宿：当地解决不了住宿，应当天赶回海口。

3、特产：东寨港出产著名的“曲口海鲜”，青蟹、膏蟹、血蚶、蚝、对虾都鲜美异常，还很便宜。

琼山市东南部一带的海滩上，生长着一种密密匝匝的树木，宛如一位绿色的仙女飘逸潇洒，在浅绿色的海水中沐浴。涨潮时，只看到她部分婀娜的树冠，饶有“犹抱琵琶半遮面”的情趣;退潮时，她那带有海泥芬芳的树干含羞姗姗地露出海面，好一幅“千呼万唤始出来”的画面!这就是举世闻名的红树林，人们昵称她为“海底森林”。

红树林是热带、亚热带滨海沙滩上特有的植物群落，它具有很多其他植物所不具备的生命力。红树林属红树科常绿灌木，树皮呈红褐色，树叶墨绿，其根、枝像交错的蛛网，十分发达。红树林有个奇特的功能，它的根、叶可以滤去使植物死亡的咸水，因而是惟一能生长于热带地区沿海滩泥和海水中的绿色灌木。全世界的红树林有24科82种，其中16种是胎生植物，也是植物世界仅有以胎生方式繁衍生息的植物。由于胎生红树是植物界的特殊景观之一，世界上有红树林的几个国家都把红树林列为生态保护区，把红树林当做可贵的自然资源来保护。国际上现已成立红树林学会，定期举行学术交流，促进红树林的保护和发展。

红树胎生的方式非常特殊。红树种子成熟以后不掉落，导游欢迎词，而是在母树上发芽，向下伸展出幼根，将胎根暴长成茎，上端生出两片叶子，变成一棵幼树。幼树一旦长成，便自行从母树上脱落。由于茎和根较重，幼树便垂直下坠，幼根很好地插入海滩泥中，继续独立地生长，一至二年后便可长成一株小灌木。从种子成熟到完全成材，红树的这一系列创造生命的过程，完全可以和哺乳动物生养后代的行为相比。适应海水，胎生幼树，红树的这两种特性是植物中独一无二的，所以它受到世界许多国家科学家和民众的高度重视。

琼山市红树林生长历史悠久，至今仍保持着原始的状态。对于红树林的价值，海南人民早有认识，早在清朝道光二十五年(公元1845年)，琼岛清朝地方政府已采取措施禁伐红树林，曾在今演丰镇上山村立碑铭文力戒。1980年，广东省人民政府重新在今琼山市东寨港海域设立红树林自然保护区。这是我国建立的第一个红树林保护区。东港寨红树林保护区绵延五十多公里，总面积六万多亩。成千上万棵红树，根交错着根，枝攀援着枝，叶覆盖着叶，摆出了扑朔迷离的阵式来。我国红树共有16科29种，东港寨就分布着10科18种，占全国红树种类的60%以上。

东港寨红树品种主要有红海榄、木榄、尖瓣海莲、角果木、秋茄、白榄、海骨根、海漆、桐花树、老鼠勒、水柳、王蕊、海芒果等。

东港寨红树林千姿百态，风光旖旎。从海岸上举目远望，只见广袤无垠的绿海中，显露出一顶顶青翠的树冠。这些红树林长得枝繁叶貌，高低有致，色彩层次分明。若沿港汊迂回观赏，可以清楚地看见每棵树头的四周都长着数十条扭曲的气根，达一米方圆，交叉地插入淤泥之中，形似鸡笼，当地人叫它“鸡笼罩”。红树的气根，其状令人惊叹!有的如龙头猴首，活灵活现;有的像神话中仙翁，老态龙钟，颇具诗情画意。观看红树林景观最佳时间是大海涨潮以后，划上一只小船驶入红树林区。四周全是一丛丛形态奇特而秀丽的绿树冠，中间是一长条迂回曲折的林间水道。涌动的海潮推着船儿沿水道悠然荡漾，忽左忽右，游人只见蓝海水和绿树冠，感觉到神奇的魅力像红树丛中的雾一样团团涌过来，弥漫海面……

东港寨红树林保护区不但有很高的科研价值和观赏价值，而且还有很重要的实用价值。红树林如同一道绿色的海上长城，有效地防止海潮大风对农田和村舍的侵袭，它的根深深地扎在泥土里，既可以保护泥土不被海潮冲走，又可以阻挡被雨水自陆地上冲刷下来的泥土。它的落叶掉入海中，经过一段时间的腐烂，就转化为养分丰富的食料，供鱼、虾、贝类和螃蟹食用。

红树林是一片红色的树林吗?许多外地游客常常会望文生义，提出这样的问题。但是答案是否定的。你到了东寨港红树林保护区，看互的会是在海水浸漫中的一片碧绿。这些生长在热带、亚热带海岸潮间带的常绿灌木或乔木群落，之所以称为红树林，只是因为在植物学上它们属于红树科，树皮内部和木材常呈红褐色。其实它们的枝叶都是深绿的。

红树林在我国的分布，以浙江南部为最北界线。红树林并非单一树种，而是品种繁多的常绿乔木和灌木组成的大家族。除了海莲、角果木、红茄冬、秋茄、红树、木榄等乔木外，还有老鼠勒、桐花树、白骨壤等灌木了解，世界各地共有红树林23科81种，我国有26个科31种，而在海南岛就有15个科29种，其中有8个是海南岛独有的珍贵品种。海南全岛共有红树林面积4772公顷，占全国的33%，是全国红树林种类最多、分布和保存面积最大的区域，具有红树物种多样、古老、濒危、集中分布、保存完整的特点，在世界红树林中占有重要位置，具有极为重要的保护、旅游和科研价值。

红树林是一种很有趣的植物群落。

生长在热带海边沉积滩涂上的红树林，涨潮时被淹没，只有绿色枝叶露出水面，成为海上绿洲。它耐湿、耐高温、耐强光、耐盐碱。为什么红树林浸渍在盐分很高的海水里而不枯死呢?这是由于它具有特殊的生理结构与功能。

它的枝叶表皮有排盐腺，能够把多余的盐分排出体外。当然那些细小的排盐腺是不容易被发现的。再一个问题是它在大风大浪潮起潮落中如何繁殖?红树林自有其独特的繁衍方式。它的果实在母树上成熟后并不落地，仍然挂着，并且适时发芽，待到长出幼苗后，才脱离母树，落地生根。因此有人戏称它是"胎生"植物。幼苗脱离母体时，尖尖的一端坠落于淤泥中，数小时后即扎根生长，不怕涨潮被淹。即使被海浪冲走而随波逐流，遇到海滩数小时后仍可生根，成为独立的个体。红树林的叶子碧绿柔美，树冠浓密而有序，结构紧密。暴露在地面上的发达的丛状树根粗大而曲长，互织互绕，紧紧地抓住滩涂，顽强地抵抗着风暴和海浪，是护卫堤岸的天然屏障，因而被称为"海岸卫士"。它的根部很多是树干基部长出的密集的支柱根，直插泥滩之中;有的则是树干基部膨大，增宽增高，形成板状根。

正是由于它的发达根系和茂密枝干，才使它能够稳稳地固定自身，抵挡狂风巨浪的袭击。就算是强台风掀起的狂澜巨涛，在它的面前也威力大减，无形中起到护村庄、保农田、固海滩的作用。东寨港有一颗占地约10平方米的红树，主干直径只有十三四公分，高不过三四米，却已有上百年的树龄了，伸出来的支柱根达400余条，就像一片小树林一般，被当地群众形象地称之为"鸡笼罩"。红树林大都生长于淤泥深厚的河口或海湾地区的海滩上，沉没在水下的树枝与根叉纵横交错，对河流和潮水带来的泥沙有促淤作用，所以扩大了滩涂面积，不断开拓出一片片新的陆地，被人们称之为"造陆先锋"。正因为红树林是"海岸卫士"和"造陆先锋"，海南省人大专门制定法规，划定保护区，给予特别保护。

此外，红树林还有"天然养殖场"之称。红树的花、果、叶、枝等掉落物可溶性达80%以上，而且可溶时间短，腐烂后滋生大量浮游生物，成为鱼、虾、蟹、贝等的食物。在红树林下面，由于风小浪低，又有足够的食料，成为鱼虾蟹贝的乐园。树干是贝类的附体，根部则成为蟹类和泥鳝打洞栖息的场所。凡是红树 林生长茂密的海边，水产资源都极为丰富。您到东寨港去，就一定可以品尝到美味的海鲜，那里的血螺(泥蚶)属全岛之冠。红树林全身是宝，经济价值极高，可作鞣料与染料，可制药、制糖，叶是好饲料，木是好木材。

1980年建立的东寨港红树林保护区，属于国家级自然保护区，位于海南岛琼山市东北部，琼山、文昌两市交界处，总面积六万余亩，是我国目前面积最大的一片沿海滩涂森林，绵延海岸线总长54公里。其中红树林面积263印亩，是海南最大的红树林集聚区，共有红树12科19种，此外还人工引进8个品种。由于东寨港地处热带北缘，红树林一般显得矮小，树高平均只有2至6米，但密集度高，无边无际。

这里距海口32公里，距美兰机场仅10公里，而且公路交通条件很好，来此观光旅游者络绎不断。这里地域宽阔，气势壮观，空气清新，水质良好，气候清爽宜人。海岸线曲折多变，森林覆盖率高，自然而富有情趣，是旅游的胜地。站在海岸上远远眺望，只见一片浩瀚的郁郁葱葱的绿色森林，在海水中摇曳。退潮的时候，整片树林的树干亭亭玉立，风姿绰约，宛如一道永不凋萎的绿色长城，在海中巍然屹立。涨潮时，红树林休浴在温馨的海水之中，只有青翠的树冠在微风中飘荡，活像浮在海上的绿洲。旅游者可以乘坐游船，顺着宽约50米的沟漕行进，观赏一丛丛红树林，十分奇妙。

革命战争年代，东寨港红树林是掩护革命者的"青纱帐"。当年的中共琼北地委、琼山县委就设在这一带，借助茂密、深广的红树林的掩护，与敌人周旋。

在东寨港观赏"海上森林"的同时，还可以就便凭吊就在保护区内的海底村庄。据《琼州府志》和琼山市演丰镇、演海镇的一些地方族谱记载，东寨港原来只是一条约三米宽的浅沟，人们来往可涉水而过。明万历三十三年五月二十八日(120xx年7月13日)发生7.5级的琼州大地震，震中就在现在的东寨港，烈度达10度。刹那间陆陷成海，72个村庄沉没，形成今日汪洋一片的东寨港。现在遇上风平浪静，海水清澈，还可以看到沉陷在水底的村庄遗存的水井、臼椿、坟墓、牌坊和过往的石桥等。这种在地震中陆陷成海的现象，在中国绝无仅有，在世界上也属少见。

东寨港红树林保护区最佳旅游季节

东寨港红树林保护区位于海口，海口全年的平均温度都在20℃上下，每年的11月至翌年4月是东寨港红树林保护区旅游的黄金时间，因为每年5至10月是海口的雨季，尤其9月，是降雨高峰期;不仅如此，6至9月间又是台风季节，在此期间，海口常受8级以上的强台风袭击，平均每10天就会有一天刮台风。刮强台风时交通会出问题，航班取消，水路停运，很麻烦。

东寨港红树林保护区交通

交通指南： 在府城乘坐至演丰的中巴车再乘三轮车至东寨港

东寨港红树林保护区住宿

住宿指南： 推荐住海口，或琼山桂林洋明羽度假山庄、桂林洋南海潮大酒店、桂林洋仙洋水庄

东寨港红树林保护区美食

当地特产： 生猛海鲜、糯米糕

这里的海鲜味道特别，血蚶、蚝、对虾、青蟹、血鳝最好吃。可以在景区的海鲜酒家吃到。

海南三亚天涯海角导游词

天涯海角是海南最王牌的景点，天涯海角讲解一直有很多版本，在海南把天涯海角讲好了，客人就会对你大加认可，也可以把你的才华展示给客人，取得客人的信任，后面的事情就不言而喻，所以，海南导游不会讲解天涯海角，就不是一个合格的导游。看我们论坛海南导游词版本太过陈旧，就把自己的天涯海角版本奉献给大家，不管是来过海南还是没有来过海南的导游，都让你有所启发。

女士们，先生们，各位团友，你们好!

如果周游列国，穿州过省，游山玩水，你也许会惊奇的发现，只有海南的导游才能陪伴你走完“天涯海角”。天涯海角是用来形容遥远而难于到达或者需经千辛万若才能到达的地方，天涯行役若，海角路漫漫，大家来到毕生的梦想之地，需要经过一段漫长的热带沙滩才能到达的地方，由此可见，从古至今，人们常说“天涯海角”并不是特指一个地方，那么为什么最终天涯海角定性在海南呢?带着这个问题，情书大全，让我们一起去游览，去解开心中这个谜。

在游览天涯海角之前，大家首先想一想古代诗词里有关于“天涯”的名句：例如：苏东坡的“枝上柳绵吹又少，天涯何处无芳草”，张九龄的“海上生明月，天涯共此时”，白居易的“同是天涯沧落人，相逢何必曾相识”，王勃的“海内存知已，天涯若比邻”，马致远的“夕阳西下，断肠人在天涯”，唐代宰相李德裕的“畸岖万里天涯路，野草茺烟正断魂”，还有太多太多，很多歌词里也唱到。但是大家发现没有，关于天涯海角的诗词，无不充满凄清，孤独，无助的含义。这就要谈谈古代海南在中国的地位。

大家知道，在中国唐宋以来，天下文人无不对中国四大流放之地怕之入骨，在中国古代，流放是仅此于杀头的一种刑罚，皇帝认为你暂时还有用，不想杀你，就一般采取流放的方式，与披甲人为奴，流放三千里，中国的古代著名的人物，也同流放有关，中国文人也是奇怪，不贬不成材，只要皇帝一贬，所有的才气都出来了，留下很多流芳千古的文字，比如李白，杜甫，苏东坡，韩愈，白居易等等莫不如是，不胜枚举，而那些真正的文状元，武状元可能没有什么名气，我现在还想不出历史上到底有那个状元留下特别著名的文章，只有一个武状元郭子仪在中国历史上还稍有地位，大多成为文学大家的都是举人，进士出生。现在社会也一样，大家认真想一想，原来在你们班上考一二名的同学，也许以后十年同学聚会的时候，可能是最没用的，而那些混得好的，一般是班上七八名的同学，不信大家试试。

话题扯得有点远，又把话说回，中国古代四大流放之地，最有名的首先是黑龙江的宁古塔，其次是新疆的伊犁，云南的大理，海南。一般皇帝采取的政策时，把南方的罪人往北方贬，北方的往南方贬，唐宋时期，海南为中国最南的流放地，为远恶州军，不论何种原因，被贬人在身心诸方面都受到不同程度的摧残，唐代杨炎曾发出“一去一万里，千之千不还，崖州右何处，生渡鬼门关”的感叹，苏东坡晚年贬到海南时，也发出这样的感叹：“食无肉，病无药，居无室，出无友，冬无炭，夏无寒泉”。唐宋以来，被贬在海南的名士竟达五十多人。其中一个叫程哲的崖州太守，这位老先生在清雍正十一年的时候走在沙滩上，来到一块岩石上休息，不知为什么，想到自己被贬，不知何年何月才能回归大陆，平生郁郁不得志，不仅悲从中来，信手在一块在岩石上写下“天涯”两个字。后来在清末一个文人也贬到这里来，看到曾经父母宫写下“天涯”两字，就心血来潮，在天涯的后面一块石头上写下“海角”两个字。以求相对应。但这位先生一时望记写下自己的名字。如果是现在啊，可能后悔了，知识版权可是值钱了，这两位老先生可能做梦也想不到，过了一两百年，这个地方演变成为全中国人民都向往的地方。陪你到天涯，海角，海枯石烂，海誓山盟，情深似海，从一个流放之地，走背运的地方漫漫成为爱情之湾，浪漫之湾。成为真正的天涯海角。无形资产现在不知达到多少个亿，每年的农历十一月十八，来自全世界的200多对情侣在这里举行“天涯国际婚礼节”，让爱情天茺地老，海枯石烂，，让大海做过见证，一起相携相伴走过天涯海角，白头到老永不变心。海南三亚天涯海角导游词

所以，等一会走天涯海角的时候，我希望车上的一对对的情侣们，最好想一想，以后陪你走人生道路的是谁，不是你的父母，不是你的孩子，父母终要故去，儿女总要独立，走正能陪你走天涯海角的是你的另一半。所以你们最好从天涯海角大门进去的，手牵着手，一起走完这天涯海角，让大海见证你们的爱情。如果这次是一个人来的，而且结过婚的，走到天涯海角的时候，不要忘记拿出你的手机，给远方的亲人，自己最关心的人打过电话，电话问候虽然很容易，但代表意义却很重大，表明自己就是走到天涯海角，都不会忘记对方的，我想接到电话的另一方，心里是充满温馨的。不信你试试。如果是一个人来的，又是女孩子的，没有结婚的，那么我就勉为其难了，陪你走走天涯海角了。这种好事，我可求之不得。

我们当地还有一种风俗，如果大家走到天涯海角的时候，因为天涯是天涯，海角是海角，你最好走到海角的时候，在地上捡一个石头，如果今年你有什么不顺心的，不如意的事，今年老不走运，那么就把手中的石头用力的扔向海角，把所有的烦恼，所有的不快统统扱到天涯海角去，从现在起就会走好运，但扱石头的时候，一定要注意两个问题，看准海上有没有渔民的小船，如果扱到别的的头上，不要说是我教的，我团里就曾经发生过这样的事情，扱到别人的背上了，最后差点打架。再有就是手上有什么手链等，要注意了，上次客人把手中价值八百元的黑耀石手链扱到大海去了。注意啊。

可能我们团上的还有一部份人，是当官的，做生意的，来海南的时候，自己的朋友就对你讲过，千万不要走到天涯海角去，要走背运的，我在团上也碰到很多次这样的情况，上次一个客人打死就不去天涯海角，说是他做生意的朋友说的，走完天涯海角后，公司倒闭了，那么我就告诉你。如果你是第一次来天涯海角，又是当宫做生意的，最好走完天涯，就不要走海角，照了天涯，也不要照海角。给人生留下一点余地，不要走到穷途末路去了，走到尽头了。如果不信这些的，但走无坊，宁可信其有，不可信其无，如果你是第二次来的，你最好就不要再去了，就在远远看一看就行了，天涯海角人生走一次就足够了。何必第二次去了，除非你想梅开二度，重新陪人走一次天涯海角。现在我也搞不明白，天涯海角这个地方，还没有任何一个中央大官写过一首诗词的。应该这里是海南最有名的，南山，万泉河领导们都题诗了，而这里可是一字未留下的。

好了，天涯海角就要到了，让我们放飞梦想，一起走走天涯海角吧，我们也可以这样想想，连天涯海角都走过了，人生还有什么困难克服不了的呢。漫漫天涯路，有一位导游衷心的祝福大家。请到天涯海角来，这里四季春常在。

海南海瑞墓景点导游词

朋友们，古今闻名的"南包公"海瑞是海南琼山人。他那朴直、耿介、刚正不阿的品格，不为豪强所屈、不为失败所吓倒的坚强意志，始终为世人所祟敬，因此到海南旅游的客人，都要到海瑞墓去凭吊一番。

海瑞墓坐落在海口市秀英区的滨涯村，始建于明万历十七年(1589)，是明朝皇帝派官员监督修建的。传说海瑞灵柩运至今墓址时，棺绳突然断开，人们以为是海瑞自选风水宝地，于是就地下葬。墓园坐北面南，呈长方型，长约100米，宽近40米，占地约七八亩，四周有围墙。院内广植绿草，遍种椰树、松柏和绿竹、鲜花，显得葱郁苍翠凝重静穆。"翠竹绿椰千古长，犹留正气在人寰"。参天椰树那临风挺拔的雄姿，似是在显示着海瑞生前的凛然正气。

进入陵园神道南端，南门之内有一高高耸立的石牌坊，横额上书"粤东正气"四个大字，阴刻丹红，庄重古朴。这是明万历皇帝御笔所赐，是对海瑞生前为官的褒扬。

进了石牌坊正门，只见用花岗石条铺砌的一百多米长的墓道，笔直伸向陵墓。墓道两侧对称排列着神态各异的石羊、石马、石狮、石龟和石人。原来的石寿龟背上镌刻着一副对联，曰：孰云公无子?天下之人皆公子;熟云公无孙?天下之人皆公孙。可惜这只石寿龟在文革中被砸毁了，但对联所表达的对传说没有后代的海瑞的无比爱戴，却世代相传。每年农历二月二十二至二十五日的祭海公节，海瑞墓前人山人海。众多滨涯村民和海口市民手捧祭品到海公墓前拜叩，还请来剧团在墓前公演三个晚上，几百年来很少间断。

神道尽头便是墓室。墓基呈六角形，顶部圆锥形，用花岗石砌成，宛若一口三米高的古钟。墓前有石碑，高3.3米，宽87厘米，上刻"皇明救葬资善大夫南京都察院右都御史赠太子少保溢忠介海公之墓"，这是海瑞生前的官衔及死后的荣誉封号。"皇明敕葬"是说海公墓是由皇帝沼令建造的。

"资善大夫"是正二品官的官称。"南京都察院右都御史"是海瑞的最高官职。当时的建制，北京、南京都有都察院，海瑞是南京都察院的正职(右都御史)。"太子少保"是海瑞死后皇上封赠的荣誉性官阶，属正二品。"忠介"是皇帝给的溢号，意为事上竭诚，教人以善，为官清廉耿直。也有人解释为"耿介拔俗之际，潇洒出尘之想"，大体也符合海瑞为人的实际。墓碑的右上方题"钦差督造坟茔兼斋谕祭 文行人司行人许子伟撰"，说明许子伟是奉皇帝派遣护送海瑞棺枢回故里并督造墓茎的主持人，也是碑文、祭文的撰写人。左下方的落款刻"万历十七年己丑岁二月二十二日午时吉日敬建"，说明建墓的时间是明万历十七年即公元1589年，距今已四百年了。墓碑是海瑞陵园最珍贵的文物。

1961年，海瑞墓被广东省人民政府列为省级重点保护文物，1996年11月被国务院列为全国重点保护文物。海瑞墓在文革中被毁，幸而墓碑保存下来了。1982年1月由广东省人民政府和海南行政公署拨款修复，并增设"海瑞陈列室"。传说当年红卫兵把把海瑞墓砸了个稀巴烂，连墓道旁的石龟也砸了。滨涯村的老百姓崇敬海瑞，认为石龟是海瑞的化身，便到了一只小海龟，放置在海瑞墓园中原来安放大寿龟的地方，供人们祭祀。1982年政府主持重修海瑞墓时，按原样重新雕刻了大寿龟，并在龟背上镌刻重修记文。政府理解民情，把文革中老百姓祭祀了十几年的小石龟移到墓园的草坪上，现在仍可看到。

海瑞墓室后面的部分，是近年海口市政府扩建的。先是海瑞雕塑坐像一尊，像前立六根烛台华表，以表旌海瑞精神熠熠生辉，光照后人。塑像后面是扇形四柱亭，称"扬廉轩"。亭柱挂着海瑞所撰的两副对联。其曰：“政善民安歌道泰，风调雨顺号时清";另一曰："三生不改冰霜操，万死常留社稷身"，表现了海瑞对国政、对为官的见解。亭院建三层结构的圆形楼，称"清风阁";阁里陈列着海瑞的生平事迹及有关文物。

重庆享有“温泉之都”之誉，它的温泉开发历史悠久。据说在1600年前，轩辕黄帝曾在缙云山下的北温泉创造“温汤和药”，救治百姓。后来，佛教高僧慈应大师云游到了缙云山，惊叹北温泉的泉水，于是在这里建了“温泉寺”，这里比日本最古老的马温泉还要早上200年。明朝时期，重庆又开发了南温泉，民国时期，西温泉又诞生。

重庆的温泉不仅开发历史早，资源也相当丰富。它分布广，水量优，类型多样。在重庆范围内，温泉分布区域有1万平方千米，到目前已探明的温泉点有107处。这些泉的水温以40℃~55℃居多，最高水温达60℃。主要有硫酸盐、重碳酸盐和氯化物3种类型。在大部分的温泉中，都含有30种以上的矿物质和微量元素，具有松弛肌肉、关节，消除疲劳;扩张血管，促进血液循环，加速人体新陈代谢等作用，它的疗效已被医学界所认定。

接下来，就让我们去素有“武陵仙境”之称、被誉为“古巴渝十二景”的统景温泉风景区看一看。