武侯祠景点讲解导游词【经典20篇】

苏州历史文化名城遐迩闻名在于她的历史悠久、人文荟萃、风景优美。盘门景区位于苏州长古城西南隅，在唐宋年间曾是南北交通要冲，加上瑞光禅院香火旺盛，形成商贸云集的繁华地区，到了咸丰十年(1860年)太平军攻打苏州，清军溃退纵火，使昔日繁华付之一炬，盘门逐步成为冷水盘门，但仍保存众多古迹涵丰富，景观独特。

盘门景区占地24.86公顷，早在1983年苏州市政府就立项改造盘门景区，1986处重建城楼，修复城墙及驳岸各300米; 1988年起部公修复了伍相祠;1990年整修加固了瑞光塔;为了加快盘门景区的建设速度，1997年，市面上政府把这项任务交给了苏州市国际经济发展控股集团有限公司，并列入苏州市跨世纪重点实事工工程之一。盘门景区建设总投资历约3.2亿元人名币(除吴宫大酒店)，整个景氏由五个部分组成： 南面为闻名中外的古水陆城门，早在春秋时期吴国伍子胥设计和督造，是现今全国仅存的一座水陆城门，著名学者陈从周先生曾称道：北看长城雄伟，南看盘门秀丽。

北面是由中新合资建造的五星级宾馆，耗资近十亿人民币的吴宫喜来登大酒店，目前是苏州档次最高，经营较好的酒店之一。

东、中、西区，97年市委、市府决定由苏州市国际经济发展控股集团有限公司负责实施改造，通过近二年的建设，搬迁居民七百户，单位近十家，投资近二亿人民币。目前已建成东部商市区，占地2.1公顷，仿明清古建群1.2万m2。中部也就是我们所处的位置，中央庭园占地113亩，投资近1.2亿元，自98年10月开工，至99年9月竣工，恢复、修缮景点二十几处。 西部为高档别墅区，依园傍水。现已投资四仟余万元，用于拆迁和基础设施改造，建成后高档别墅为70套，高档公寓1.2万m。九九年建成开发的中央庭园，位于景区中部，传承“一池三山”的造园思想，园中挖地成湖堆山，水面与内城河连成一脉，水路贯穿景区各个景点，重建的塔园、丽景楼、四瑞堂、涛隐翠野及钟鼓楼、瑞光胜迹牌坊、白牛助役、白龟听禅、放生池、水上蓬莱、绿坪广场、双亭廊桥、碧波夕照、春水宫影、听枫拜月、千年夹石、蟠龙迎贵等二十多处重要景点，山池亭榭、湖光山影、绿地草坪、古树名花，和历史文物盘门水陆城门、瑞光塔、吴门桥等构成一个极富江南特色的盘门景区。 请大家看那座高大的牌坊，这是进之景区的标志性建筑。

牌坊作为一种用以纪念先贤，旌表功德之外，已引申用来表示仪注，引导游客进入游览胜迹的象徵。牌坊高 8.8米，宽12.8米，8、8、1、2、8皆音是发、发、要、你、发，象征欣欣向荣，不断发展。牌坊采用吴地之传统风貌重檐四柱三间三楼石木结构，坊顶两精饰开口哺龙脊，合角处、戗脊上分别塑饰12只雄师和12条飞龙，象征中华腾飞。正间坊前额为谭以文书《瑞光胜迹》，后为郦方书《赤乌遗踪》，告诉人们：盘门景区瑞光胜迹源自三国时期赤乌年间，额书雄浑纹饰，牌坊檐角高挑，群昂飞动与古塔相得益彰。

穿过牌坊，来到庄重肃穆的将军门楼，大门两侧为高低错落的仿古建筑组成的明清商市区，位于塔圆的东、南、北三个方位的三座将军门楼由1.5米高的仿宋式塔园围墙相连接。

入东将军门即是塔园，闻名中外的瑞光塔是国家级保护文物，由于塔基比外面路基低近一米，因此塔院呈下沉式，有石阶拾级而下。瑞光塔高53.57米，其中塔刹9.14米，为七级八面楼阁式佛塔，塔作为一种佛教艺术，是名胜古迹的重要标志之一。

苏州建塔的历史悠久，造塔初衷是为了存放佛祖和高僧的舍利子。佛教界认为：舍利是佛的象征，具有列比圣洁和崇高，供奉舍利就是供奉菩萨，所以要先造庙后建塔，塔必须造在庙的旁边。塔从印度传入我国后，受我国建筑艺术的影响，塔的形式大都以楼阁式佛塔为主，而塔的层次与平面图形受到了中国阴阳五行思想的影响。林家数数看，瑞光塔有几层?对，应该是七层。为什么是七层，而不是六层或八层呢?因为按照五行阴阳学说：偶数是阴，奇数为阳，阴为地，阳为天。塔的平面图形在地，应为偶数;塔的层数是往上朝天，则应为奇数。一般塔的层数以七层为多，所谓“七级浮图”就是塔的同义词。

瑞光塔起源舍利塔，据史志记载：赤乌四年(241 年)，西域康居国(地处中亚西亚)高僧性康，千里迢迢来到三国时期东吴郡讲经说法，吴大帝孙权为迎接他，特在盘门内建一座普济院。六处后即赤乌十年(274年)，建十三级舍利塔于寺中，以报母恩，这是瑞光塔前身，也是苏州历史上最早建的塔。现存的瑞光塔建于北宋真宗景德元年(1020xx年)，于仁宗天圣八年(1030年)竣工，历经二十年余时暗。宋宣和年间(1119-1120xx年)朱缅赀重修，赐额瑞光禅寺。靖康兵毁，宋淳熙十三年(1186年)，法林禅师重葺，复塔七级。明洪武二十四年(1391年)昙芳再修，永乐元年(1420xx年)、十五年(1420xx年)两修，清康熙十四年(1675年)、乾隆四年(1739年)，道光年间三次修建。咸丰十年(1860年)又遭兵毁，禅寺全毁，仅剩孤塔。古塔从此形影相吊，年久失修，塔体发生倾斜。从1979年开始，苏州市政府组织国内专家、学者对古塔进行了测绘、考试，制订出科学的维修方案。

1987年由市修塔办公室组织施工，1990年竣工。修复后的瑞光塔，内有楼梯和回廊可直上顶层。外立面恢复宋塔风貌，每层均有平座，勾栏和伸展深远的飞檐角，檐角下悬铜铃，风吹便会发生清脆的铃声。

瑞光塔作为一座七级八面砖木混合结构的楼阁式佛塔，无论是营造技艺，装饰艺术，还是塔藏的稀世珍品，都是古代匠师专的智慧结晶 1978 年4月在塔的第三层塔心窖穴曾发现一批极为珍贵的五代、北宋文物，其中以真珠舍利宝幢(俗称珍珠塔)最为珍贵，已定为国家级文物。真珠舍利宝幢仅珍珠就用了四万多颗，技艺之精，用材之贵，造型之美，是国内在古塔中发现的最精美的工艺品，堪称列价之宝，现珍藏在苏州博物馆。

friends:

now we come to shanghai huangpu river bank bund, first, i tour to everybodyvisit bund to express the welcome, and wishes in advance each traveling to behappy.

new bund altogether has five traveling routes, nearby yours left hand is bythe reputation is wan guo constructs reads extensively the magnificentarchitectural complex and spacious zhongshan road, nearby your right hand is thewave light clear huangpu river as well as the future resembles the brocade thepudong land to embellish the financial trade area, at present for is noveluniquely goes sightseeing the tour area. this architectural complex, zhongshanroad, go sightseeing the area, the huangpu river, lu jiazui in the as if musicfive spectra, the industrious shanghai people seem between the string string thesymbol, is composing most newly the most gorgeous music movement, is welcomefellow guests presence.

the powder can call bund? simple saying, it passed once was the desolatebeach place which outside the shanghai old city the reed grew thicklytogether.

in 1840 after first opium war, the tight lock entrance to a country hasbeen driven out by the colonizing ocean artillery, shanghai also is compelled toward off for the commercial port. since then, all kinds of west foreign styleconstruction hastens to ground along with colonizing but towers in abundance, tothis century the beginning of 30s, shanghai as soon as leapt into the far eastbiggest metropolis from seashore small yi.

at present these have the europe renaissance time style the construction,although stems from hand of the identical design, also is not constructs at anage, but their construction style is such harmonious unification, the daybecomes. from jinling east road bund to outside white temporary bridge long only1.5 kilometer arcs in, height scattered about, is standing erect row after row52 styles each different construction, has england -like, france -like, ancientgreece -like and so on. same year many foreign banks, the general meeting, theconsulate and so on converged to this, some east wall street the name, formedthe old shanghai semicolonial and semifeudal society a historical miniature.

everybody please looked that, the new bund 2 east winds hotels, in the pastonce were the english general meetings which extremely is well-known, it is amodel english ancient canonical expression constructs. the building high has 6(continually basement), the roof north and south beginnings and endsrespectively suppose □t look pavilion, the interior decoration are extremelymagnificent. inside a yet higher goal bar same year once because of has 110.7foot eastern longest bar cabinet but to be arrogant for a while, now usskentuckey quick dining room is located in.

new bund 12 before are famous the hongkong and shanghai bank, this buildingconstructed in 1923, was in the style of antiquity greece -like domeconstruction. the building for approaches the square the rectangularconstruction, high 5, a crown hemispheroid level goes against the vegetable tohave 7 in addition, the steel portal frame construction. in the buildingdecorates extremely is fastidious, is equipped with country each kind ofreception room and so on america, england and france, russia, date. this placeconstructed the english once to brag for from the suez canal to far east beringstrait most was fastidious construction.

nearby close neighbor hongkong and shanghai bank that building is theshanghai customs building, is 19th century restores the old the principleconstruction, constructed in 1927, is now the world institute rarely is ominous.above the building bell all around worthy of looking at arrives is in luck, each15 minutes play sound section of short tunes, melodious are deep, reputation 10miles.

after the hongkong and shanghai bank building and the customs building allstem from english designer wilson, shanghai kindly called they are the sistersbuilding, at present was still one of shanghais important symbols.

east nanjing the street intersection two buildings are called the peacefulhotel. sat north the southern dynasty this lou jianyu in 1906, at that time thename collected the hotel, was a shanghai extant earliest hotel. it may take ahistorical construction, is the english chinese world renaissance. this buildingmost major characteristic is sets up the surface color red brick to make thewaist line, bai qiangzhuan makes the cover, looks by far both gravely iselegant, and other style, the reality is a rare excellent work.

bunds these constructions, all are the china working people industriouswisdom crystallization, simultaneously has also reflected western colonizing toshanghais plundering and the aggression. now in order to let the peopleunderstand these constructions the history, in front of each big front doorhangs has the data plate which the chinese and english compares.

regarding bund, the shanghai person also passes for hers name along withthe time changes. shanghai persons is called old bund, after the liberationliberation before bund to be called as bund, now the people approve her are newbund. in the history occurs has seized bund many times the scene, but each timeall has the completely different historical significance. since partys 11sessions of three ccp plenary conferences, the china reform and open policystrategic center of gravity also from the south but north, pudongs developmentand the promotion enable shanghai to walk the nation reform and open policy mostfront. the spring breeze blew awakes the deep sleep many year shanghai bund, thechinese and foreign financial organ in abundance has also seized bund. shanghaihas made the clear nest directs the phoenix the significant action, the bundfinance street house big replacement, will attract everywhere the old customerreto come to settle down, again will reveal the far east wall street elegantdemeanour.

bund is shanghais symbol, also is the chinese and foreign tourists mustarrive place. but in before because the path narrow, the pedestrian vehicles arepacked like sardines, seriously has affected the bund overall image. for thechange place beach appearance, the shanghai peoples government performs bund asthe key point to transform. at present this street called, also is bund whichzhongshan a group, is for commemorate pioneer mr. sun yat-sen which chinademocratic revolution names synthesizes the transformation a part. this groupspan 826 meters, the width 45 meters, suppose 6 to 10 traffic lanes. this broadline of communication not merely is restricted in area bund, it follows thereform and open policy step unceasingly to extend, north the jiangwan five jiaofields, south arrive at the nampo bridge. to the next the beginning of century,this north and south corridor long amounts to 15 kilometers, will become thesign landscape which the shanghai traveling will go sightseeing.

we now walk this bin jiang main road quite has the characteristic. it notonly collection culture, afforestation to a body, moreover the morning is thepeople practices the good place which the article practices martial arts,daytime is domestic and foreign goes sightseeing the tour world, evening is theideal place which talks love to the lover, heard has many foreign friends all inadmiration of somebodys fame to come to experience the life.

fellow guests, stroll in new bund to go sightseeing the area, whether youdo feel, new bund not only appearance changed beyond recognition, moreover inlively is lively passes the rich artistic breath. everybody please looked that,in the yenan east road bund establishment subject will be for tomorrow theartistic landscape, will hug by 6 columns, with will have more than 80 yearshistorical meteorological signal to become a group to the scenery. the customsbuilding and the electronic waterfall clock also is quite has the fresh idea tothe scenery. the electronic waterfall clock assumes the steps and ladders type,the length 27 meters, the height 3.5 meters, supposes 10 entire stairs. theentire operating process by the computer control, approximately some more than1,000 nozzles water column is composed each kind of color the arabic numeral,causes world each place since such remoteness, double is how being intimatewith. went sightseeing the area worthily to become to hold hundred sichuan, iscompatible shanghai school characteristic culture scenery line which andgathered.

strolls bund, we unconsciously entered the whangpoo river park. inmentioned this park, each chinese all could not forget the former days foreigncountry big powers to hang the chinese people and the dog did not have to enterin park entrance that block the sign, that notorious sign, let then chinesepeople suffer the enormous shame! now, looked at present that 60 meter highshanghai people outstandingly talented monument, stands erect is facing thewater place. the military might magnificent sight three columns yellow hillocksbody in has told the people as if, the people forever cherishes the memory ofsince the opium war, 54 movements and the war of liberation, is the scrubbingnationality shame, devotes the heroes for shanghais revolutionary business.

the whangpoo river park faces is well-known everywhere huangpu river. onmonth huanglong waters edge water yellow, extremely vividly described thewhangpoo river river water color. improves pujiang is shanghais mother river,it originates to the wuxi tai lake, is within the boundaries of shanghailongest, is widest, deepest rivers, the span 114 kilometers; the mean breadth400 meters, are deep 7 to 9 meters. its original name calls dong jiang, also hasthe spring shenjiang river, alternate name and so on huang xiejiang. hands downbefore more than 2,000 years, shanghai was chu at that time, at that time chucountry has a senior general yellow to call to rest, he had very much rules anation ability, is appointed by chu king as prime minister, and sealed forpresents mr. shen, had jurisdiction over shanghai this land. at that timebecause upstream dong jiangs clogged with silt, he led the shanghai people tocarry on scours, and revised the route, caused shanghai the aquatictransportation and the agriculture obtains the very big development, theposterity for commemorate huang xie the merit, renamed dong jiang as the springshenjiang river and yellow , only then officially chose a name until thesouthern song dynasty time as the huangpu river.

the huangpu river has two the child, calls pudong, another calls puxi.before new china is born, their whole family deeply three mountains oppressions,on the mother river body is anchoring is the outside warship and themerchantman, two children also are pressed have not gasped for breath. jumpswhangpoo river my sentence shanghai persons pet phrase, refers to the commonpeople which the old society really is unable to live, throws the river to hereto commit suicide.

looks out into the distance the opposite shore, pudong lu jiazui thefinance trade area and puxi bund distantly faces one another, its function forthe finance, the trade and foreign serves, it will be the new shanghais coreand the symbol. east bund the bin jiang main road, the total length 2,500meters, the collection traveling, go sightseeing with the entertainment and soon are a body, is equipped with 6 multi-faceted squares along the road. althoughthe present only rumble cuts in line the sound, but the sound sound , is in fivespectra the most magnificent music movement, will be forecasting a bund moreglorious future.

围沟北边为墓葬区，这里主要是埋葬成年人的公共墓地，埋葬的形式有仰卧伸展葬，伏卧葬，屈肢葬等各种形式，但头部一律朝西。另外还有5例为集体改葬的二次葬。这个有名的墓葬遗址说明当时人们非但已经有了比较复杂的灵魂观念，而且已经有了葬礼这种宗教行为。

当原始人类还差不多过着动物般生活的时候，他们还不能将自己同自然分开，对于自身的生死没有那么关注。周口店发现的北京猿人生活在距今大约四五十万年前，他们的尸骨被随意乱扔，说明他们还没有产生灵魂观念，更不要说还会想到人死后灵魂将到另一个世界继续生活的宗教观念。从考古发现，宗教最早产生于大约距今十几万年前的旧石器时代中期，在我国山顶洞人的遗骸周围，就发现撒有含赤铁矿的红粉末，并有钻孔的兽齿，石珠，骨坠等装饰品做为陪葬，说明当时就已经有了灵魂不死的观念和对鬼神的崇拜。半坡遗址的年代约在新石器时代晚期，当时对于灵魂观念，鬼魂崇拜有了进一步的发展，因而当时已有了较复杂的灵魂观念和墓葬方式如死者头部朝西，表明灵魂的去向，可能与是否傍晚太阳在西方落下表明一天结束的观察中受到启发，认为人死后也像太阳落山，到西方的另一个世界。半坡村墓葬遗址中，儿童和成人墓地分开，反映了人们已对灵魂做出区别，相信冥间也有年龄层次的分别。此外，从墓葬中也可以看出仰卧伸展葬者可能为当时氏族中地位稍高一点的人或一般的村民，而伏卧葬，屈肢葬者为当时氏族战争中被俘获的人或者是一些因疾病死亡的人。人们认为他们因怨而死，死后灵魂无法安宁，一定会成为怨鬼作祟于人间，所以必须用残酷手段处置他们，使他们无法作祟于人间，实行二次捡骨葬可能是认为尸体腐烂以后灵魂才能最终从肉体中解脱出来获得自由或转生。

各位游客朋友：

大家好!我是蓝天旅行社的导游李佳，大家此次的老君山旅游，有我陪同大家。如果大家旅途中有什么需要可以告诉我，我会尽力帮助大家。祝大家玩的开心，游的舒心。首先为大家介绍一下洛阳。洛阳历史悠久是“九朝古都”;文化丰富古都九朝也为洛阳城内留下了许多古代遗址;样貌多姿，有遍地“牡丹甲天下”王城公园“亚洲第一大喷泉”。古香与时尚相结合使洛阳更加瑰丽，而栾川更是这瑰丽中的瑰宝。

栾川县不仅有老君山地质风景名胜区，还有鸡冠洞、重渡沟等自然风景区，地质风景名胜区。这些名胜的存在，是因为栾川县位于秦岭山脉伏牛山系中，这里保存着19亿年来地壳演化过程中稀有、典型、连续、完整并具极高科学价值的地质遗迹，以及种类繁多、形态各异的地质旅游景观。

而今天我们去的老君山，更是其中的代表。老君山乃“仙”“灵”之山，是国家5A级景区，是伏牛山世界地质公园。位于洛阳市栾川县东三公里处，面积6667公顷，是秦岭余脉八百里伏牛山主峰，海拔2200米，原名景室山，后因东周“收藏室之史”李耳到此归隐修炼而改名为老君山，沿用至今。相传此地为道教始祖李耳归隐修炼之地，北魏时建庙纪念，唐贞观年间受皇封修建铁顶老君庙，老君山历代香火旺盛，被尊为道教圣地，天下名山。老子呢!大家想必都知道，但老子为什么和老君山结下不解之缘呢?让我给大家讲讲吧。老子，姓李，名耳，字伯阳，谥号聃(dan)，是我国古代思想家，楚国苦县历乡曲仁里(今河南省鹿邑县太清宫镇人)。生于公元前571年至公元前471年间，曾做周朝“守藏室之史”。相传东周末年他看到朝廷腐败，不可挽回，于是就骑着青牛离开洛阳出函谷关，被关令尹喜挽留，遂在那里著《道德经》,之后就顺着虢国古道从灵宝、卢氏到栾川上景室山归隐修炼，一百六十岁时得道成仙。后被尊为太上老君，而景室山也被唐太宗赐名老君山。老子留下的著作《道德经》是道家的经典著作，老子的哲学思想和由他创立的道家学派，不但对我国古代思想文化发展做出了贡献，而且对我国两千年来思想文化的发展，也产生了深远的影响。所以，老子不愧为一位古代伟大的思想家。

老君山锦山秀水，风景如画，玉皇顶海拔2200米，巨阙壁立，为八百里伏牛山的主峰;石林景区千峰竞秀，蔚为壮观，有“北国张家界”的美誉。老君山到目前为止开发的主要景观是：龙吟阁，金顶太清观，铁顶老君庙，舍身崖，峰林烟岚，幽谷蝉鸣，这些景点我们今天将逐一看到，。至于云海嘛，就要看“老天爷”给不给力了。云海是老君山的一大奇观，云海出现时，放眼望去，云遮千里、雾锁万峰，犹如站在碧波万顷的汪洋大海之中，翠峰隐现、似动若静，恰似千帆竞渡，百舸待发，在上晴下阴的云海奇观出现时，“海到天涯天为岸，山至极顶人为峰”甚是如梦如幻。

哈哈，大家有没有更加的神往呢?不要着急，很快我们就会到了。

各位旅客：

山水奇秀，风景名山

九华山以奇丽的自然风光著称于世。南朝时，因此山奇秀，高出云表，峰峦异状，其数有九，故号九子山。唐代李白游山时观九峰如莲花，写下了“妙有分二气，灵山开九华”;“天河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉”的诗句，并改九子名为九华。九华山主体由花岗岩构成，由于受构造、岩性及外力等影响，形成了以峰为主、盆地峡谷、溪涧流泉交织其中的雄奇秀丽的地貌景观。九华山有名峰70余座，千米以上高峰30余座，最高十王峰海拔1342米。

唐代刘禹锡观山时赞叹：“奇峰一见惊魂魄”，“自是造化一尤物”。境内清溪萦绕，山西五条溪流汇于六泉口，经五溪河、九华河汇入长江;山南三溪和山东两溪分别流经三溪河、陵阳河汇入太平湖。山间遍布深沟峡谷，垂涧渊潭，流泉飞瀑，气象万千。“江边一幅王维画，石上千年李白诗”。九华山是一幅清新自然的山水画卷。九华山处处有景，移步换景，清代概括有”九华十景”。

对外开放后，新辟八大景区，百余处新景点。新老景点交相辉映，自然秀色与人文景观相互融和，加之四季分明的时景和日出、晚霞、云海、雾冖雪霰、佛光等天象奇观，美不胜收，令人留连忘返，

地藏道场，佛教名山

九华山是中国佛教四大名山之一，著名地藏菩萨道常它的`开创人为新罗僧地藏。公元7世纪，在中国唐朝与朝鲜半岛频繁交往的大背景下，新罗国王子金乔觉航海东来，遍访名山，卓锡九华，苦修数十载，圆寂后被认为地藏菩萨”灵迹示现”，因其俗姓金，故称金地藏，从此九华山被辟为地藏菩萨道常唐时九华山有寺院20余座，宋代发展到40余座，至明代更有长足的发展，主刹化城寺成为拥有数十座寮房的总丛林，全山寺院达100余座，香火兴旺为“东南诸山之冠”。于是九华山便同五台、峨眉、普陀共称为中国佛教四大名山。

清代九华山寺院达150余座，由总丛林化城寺分衍出只园寺、东崖寺、百岁宫、甘露寺等四大丛林，在四大佛山中以”香火甲天下”而闻名于世。20世纪70年代末对外开放后，古老的佛山沐浴盛世朝阳，活力再现，旧貌重辉。现有各类寺院90余座，其中国家重点寺院9座，省级重点寺院30座;僧侣600余人，各类佛像万余尊，各种佛教文物__余件。寺院普遍得到维修，佛事活动正常开展，对外交往活动频繁，九华山佛教与日本、韩国、新加坡、马来西亚、美国、泰国以及香港、中国台湾地区等佛教团体友好交往不断，先后有百余名僧侣出境访问。

在当今我国佛教道场中，九华山以博大精深的佛教文化、国际性佛教道尝香火旺盛、僧俗融和受到广泛赞誉，成为特色鲜明和有重要影响的佛教圣地。

历史悠久，文化名山

宗教文化与山水文化相融，大量的历史人文活动，使九华山成为一座历史悠久、积淀丰厚的文化名山。__多年前，九华山就有道家驻足，《福地考》称九华为“三十九福地”，至今留有道教人物活动遗迹和道观遗址20余处。东晋隆安五年(401)天竺僧杯渡在九华创建茅庵，佛教开始传入九华山。

唐时新罗僧创建地藏道场，“胜境巍巍，普放大光”;至明清香火极盛，成为中国佛教四大名山之一，经久不衰。道教福地与佛教圣地使得九华山声名大振，吸引了无数名流骚人纷至沓来。自李白之后，许多文人学者接踵而至，他们在九华或隐居山庄，著书立说;或创立书：，聚众讲学;或出入烟霞，参学访道;寄情山水，吟诗作画。九华山有太白书堂、阳明书：、甘泉书：等20余处书：遗址。

九华山又为民歌之乡，汇集有儿童歌谣、劳动歌谣、仪式歌谣达300余首，很多带有佛教色彩，生动表达了劳动人民思想感情和生活情趣。历代朝廷也垂青九华，明神宗敕谕、赐银，清康熙、乾隆御书”九华圣境”、”芬陀普教”，九华山先后有50多座寺院受朝廷赐额。

大量历史人文的活动，遗有丰富的历史文物，九华山有历史文物__余件，其中珍贵文物近百件。对外开放后，重视文化资源的开发，着力挖掘整理佛教文化，成立”金地藏研究会”和佛教文化研究会，创办佛学院，开办文物馆，文化资源得到初步开发，在海内外产生了广泛影响。这里的儒释道文化、鬼文化、建筑文化、石刻文化、民俗文化、饮食文化、茶文化和肉身文化等，异彩纷呈，令人惊叹。九华山是一座底蕴深厚的文化名山。

八月三日，我和爸爸妈妈及妈妈的朋友一行人一起到香港的太平山顶游览。香港的太平山顶，据说是香港的一大游览景点，是每个去香港玩的人必去之地。

登上山顶，我们就直接去参观“杜莎夫人蜡像馆”。蜡像馆位于太平山顶的凌霄阁，是专门展览名人蜡像的博物馆。馆内展示了一百多名人的栩栩如生的蜡像。我一进去就看见了成龙大叔，我赶紧和他拍了照。再往前走，我又看见了一个漂亮的人，爸爸说那是梅艳芳，爸爸又让我和她拍照留念。接着我们还看到了：刘德华、周杰伦、李小龙……

接着我们来到了二楼，那里有毛爷爷、胡爷爷、还有美国总统奥巴马的蜡像。最后我们来到了体育名人区，那里有姚明、贝克汉姆等体育名人的蜡像。

参观完了“杜莎夫人蜡像馆”，我们又来到了太平山顶。

据说夜晚站在山顶能俯瞰香港全城。可以看到维多利亚及九龙半岛，可以将两岸的景色一览无余。还听说这里的夜景被称为“世界四大夜景”之一。我们站在山顶上，欣赏到了叹为观止的维多利亚港被夕阳染红的美丽景色。入夜之后，维港两岸的摩天大楼更会亮起五彩缤纷的灯光，难怪来港的游人都要到太平山顶来哟!

我站在观景台，看到香港的一栋栋高楼大厦矗立在山脚下，还看见了我们入住的宾馆呢。正当我在找出口时，我看见了一个摩天轮，我真希望能去坐坐。因为我出生至今还没有看到过这么大的摩天轮。我们一家人看那看那，大家不住地发出赞叹，直到爸爸说，很晚了，我们得回宾馆了。

今天我真开心，不仅登上了太平山顶，欣赏了杜莎夫人蜡像馆，见到了这么多的名人，还俯瞰到整个维港美轮美奂的全貌，真是不枉此行!但由于时间紧，我还没看够，下次我还要来，还要上“太平山顶”。

云台山位于河南省修武县以北12公里处，主峰是茱萸峰，海拔1304米，因为山势突兀，好像一口大锅，覆盖在群峰之上，在古代被称为“覆釜山”又因为它山势高耸，森林茂密，山间常有云雾缭绕，因此又被称为“云台山”。从地理学的观点看，云台山在地形上是属于南太行山地的一部分，故又称“太行云台山”。

云台山自古就是豫北名山，现在已建成了云台山风景区，也是国家级森林公园和国家级地质公园。现在开放的主要景区有：温盘峪、茱萸峰、老潭沟、小寨沟等。

好，朋友们，我们现在进入了温盘峪景区，它是由于地壳断裂运动遗留下来的断裂构造痕迹，看上去是很狭窄的线状峡谷，这就是“一线天”。我们要沿崖壁栈道进行游览，所以大家在欣赏景色的同时还要注意安全。

进入峪内，各位是不是感觉比外面要暖和一些呢?大家请看，两测试悬崖绝壁，四周群山环抱，这样就使峪内外空气不易流通，因而造成了峪内独特的气候特点，就是冬暖夏凉，全年平均气温在10℃左右，因此被称为“温盘峪”。

温盘峪全长近1公里，宽有3—10米，峪内溪流清澈见底，溪里面有一些奇形怪状的石头，在两侧的丹崖长墙上，有一挂挂珠帘式的泉瀑，竞相倾泻，形成断崖飞瀑景观，再加上青苔、野菊花及其他植物的点缀，显得生机盎然，令人赏心悦目，因此被人们称为“盆景峡谷”。

好，游客们，我们继续向西前行，经过了子房湖和漫水桥，映入大家眼帘的有一座山门，上写“老潭沟”三个大字。相传有位天河龙王为解救民间干旱之苦，不顾玉皇的旨意，私自降雨，被贬下凡间，栖身在这里的一个深水潭中，人称“龙潭”，这道沟被称为“龙潭沟”，后有人为表示对龙的敬意，将“龙”字改为“老”字，就成了“老潭沟”。

由于地质，历史上这里曾发生过剧烈的断裂构造，形成了东西走向的“u”形断崖，因而这里出现了东西走向的沟谷景观，还有又高又陡的崖墙地貌景观，大家请看，这里峰高瀑急，山雄水秀，可见大自然的鬼斧神工是多么的巧妙。

在老潭沟的尽头，就是著名的云台山瀑布，它落差达到314米，宽约5—7米，是亚洲目前发现的落差最大的瀑布，因此，又被称为“天瀑”，它也是云台山景观之最。大家请看，瀑布上端朵朵白云，又好像团团棉絮，悠悠飘落，连绵不绝，下端宛如飞花溅玉，溅起1米多高的水花，又化成一团水雾，把瀑布罩在蒙蒙的雾中。它既表现了力量，又体现了柔美，让人感觉充满了活力。

【欢迎词 1分钟】

人生所贵在知己，四海相逢骨肉亲。亲爱的游客朋友们，大家好!我代表安徽旅行社欢迎您的到来，能够在这阳光明媚的日子与大家相遇，是我莫大的荣幸，我姓杨，您叫我小杨就好了。那么，坐在我身边的，就是本次旅途中最为劳苦功高的一位，我们的司机康师傅。您别看他脸上长着青春痘，他可是有着十年驾龄的老司机了，本次旅途有它保驾护航，您可以把心放到肚子里了。在这次旅途中，我会竭诚为大家服务，如果大家有什么需要帮忙的地方，请一定要找我，俗话说得好，在家靠父母，出门靠朋友，外出旅游靠导游，希望我们能一起拥有一段美好的旅行，为大家留下一段珍贵的回忆。

【简介 1分钟】

绩溪龙川景区位于安徽省宣城市绩溪县龙川村，是胡姓聚族而局的古村落，已有一千六百余年的历史。国家5A级风景区，龙川旅游风景区人文景观与自然景观珠联璧合，浑然天成，胡氏宗祠，为江南第一祠，素有“木雕艺术博物馆”和“民族艺术殿堂”之美称，1988年评为全国重点文物保护单位;奕世尚书坊是明代正宗石雕牌楼，为徽派石雕之最，1986年评为安徽省重点文物保护单位。20xx年10月跻身国家5A级旅游景区。

这个村为何叫龙川村呢，那是因为东边这座高山是龙须山，是这村中龙脉，从村中穿过小溪古称川，所以就叫龙川。在水街西边的小山叫鸡冠山，和在东边相对的龙须山一起按风水学上说是天龙地凤，龙凤呈祥。南边就是祠堂对面的这座山叫天马山，是这龙川一村之朝山，北边有条长河，就是我们沿路来看到的大河，叫登源河。当年祖先看中这块风水宝地就是因为东耸龙峰耸，西峙鸡冠，南有天马山奔腾而上，北有登源河蜿蜒而来。

【石牌坊1分钟】

现在在大家眼前的牌坊呢,就是我们的奕世尚书坊.它建于明嘉靖四十一年(1562年),是一座纪念明代胡姓的胡富、胡宗宪两尚书的石牌坊.

牌坊有四柱三门五楼,南北朝向,通高10米,面宽9米,抬梁式建筑,主体结构由4根柱子、4根顶定盘坊和七根大小额枋组成.在四根柱子的南北两面,各抱鼓石护座.牌坊采用侧脚做法,柱子采用梅花柱的抹角做法,这是明代建筑的一个显著特征.整座牌坊气势磅礴,充分展现出我国古代建筑的精湛技艺.

牌坊主楼延下正中有一块竖匾,"恩荣"二字耀眼夺目,匾的四周则盘以双龙戏珠纹.在恩荣匾的下面,4只宝瓶托起的天花板,写有楷书"奕士尚书"和"奕士宫保"8个大字,字体端庄厚重,行笔秀润潇洒.句考证,这书法出自明代四大家之一的文征明之手. 接下来我们来到的就是绩溪龙川胡氏宗祠,记得前面我给大家讲的那个锦字了吗?对了,就是我们的锦了.这个风景优美的山村就是我们主席的故乡了.在此大家可以感受一下主席家乡的文化。

【龙川胡氏宗祠4分钟】

龙川胡氏宗祠是全国重点文物保护单位,是全国现存的最好的宗祠之一,新华社社长邵华泽为此书写了"江南第一祠"的匾额悬挂与此.

它始建于明嘉靖20xx年(1546),占地面积1729平方米,总建筑面积1564平方米,它是由照壁、露台、门楼、天井、廊庑、正厅、厢房、寝楼、特祭祀等十个部分组成,采用中轴线东西对称布局的建筑手法,构成了一个完整的建筑群体.

大家看河对面的照壁,是它将宗祠门楼前的地域规定了一个固定的范围.接着大家看到的是宗祠的露台,它有48平方米,高一米，实际上是整个胡氏宗祠台基的一部分,其地面,阶犀,望柱,栏杆全用花岗岩石砌成,过去举行宗族大型活动时,站位都是有讲究的.这个台基上站的应是宗族中层或对宗族有贡献的人员.

现在大家看到的是宗祠的门楼,为重檐歇山式建筑,面阔七开间,近深两间.建筑面积145平方米,是由28根立柱和33根月梁组成主体结构,前后16驾斗,将三个层次,5个屋顶屋檐前挑达一米多,前后8大戗角,呈凤凰展翅腾飞之势.所以门楼又称五凤楼. 胡氏宗祠以木雕艺术殿堂著称于世.原由的600多件木雕作品经过100多年的风风雨雨,现存400余件,分布在额坊,梁,柱,搁扇,斗拱,轩顶等十余类型的大小部件上,最大的是寝楼隔扇门中的腰华板,仅有34厘米长,13厘米宽,再那木梁之下,大家看到那弯弯的勾子没?那钩子的方向是朝胡氏宗祠的里面,寓意着把财气给勾进去. 进入宗祠大家一眼看到的呢就是我们的大额坊,上刻着"九龙戏珠满天星",下面3根普柏坊刻的是历代胡姓文官祖先勤于政,重教育的种种业绩.而中间屋檐下的那根额坊刻的则是"九龙戏珠遍低锦".其他3根普柏坊雕刻的是历代胡姓祖先血战沙场,建功立业,精忠报国的场面.只可惜"文化大革命"初期,这些人物被削去了面部,成为了历史遗憾.

【天井1分钟】

大家往上看,这就是我们徽州建筑的天井了.它的主要功能是采光和通风.天井中央的一排条石也叫蛹道,只有在重大活动中,才开大门.宗族上层人物,高龄长辈,贡献突出的成员和各家家长,才可由此进入正厅.现在我们来到的是正厅,又名祭厅.厅堂中间隔扇门内是祭坛,里壁悬挂上始祖客像;而上方的两块额匾,《世恩堂》是明代著名四大才子之一的文征明书写,另一块是清朝的历部尚书张延玉奉乾隆皇帝的旨意,撰写叙述胡宗宪的抗倭功绩.隔扇门外,有摆供品,香烛的大供案.

正厅门阔7间22.16米，进深5间17.47米，建筑面积达387平方米,顶高9.3米.主体结构由48根立柱,154根梁坊组成,中间4根大金柱,是由围达1.66米的银杏制作而成. 下面我们来到的寝楼,这是供奉胡氏祖先牌位的地方,楼上存放着祭祀用具和宗族典籍、谱牒. 整个祠堂在光绪二十四年,也就是1898年重修,1989至1993年全面整修,惟有这寝楼上保留了明代建筑格式和原貌,坊柱也还是明代原物.

【欢送词 1分钟】

亲爱的游客朋友们，我们本次的龙川景区之旅马上就要结束了，杨导也要和大家说再见了，感谢一路上大家对我工作的支持和配合，“天下无不散之宴席”心中纵有万般不舍，分别却是必然的，但我相信这次的分离是为了下次更好的相聚。也许我不是您遇到的最好的导游，但大家是我遇到的最好的游客，希望您多提宝贵意见，也请您千万不要忘了，在河北有一个导游小杨，随时等待着您的到来，最后预祝大家归途愉快，一路平安!

国内景点英语导游词怎么写

关于国内的英语导游词怎么写？看看小编为大家准备的导游词范文吧，希望你们喜欢哦。

新外滩英语导游词

Friends:

Now we come to Shanghai Huangpu River bank Bund, first, I tour to everybody visit Bund to express the welcome, and wishes in advance each traveling to be happy.

New Bund altogether has five traveling routes, nearby yours left hand is by the reputation is Wan Guo constructs reads extensively the magnificent architectural complex and spacious Zhongshan Road, nearby your right hand is the wave light clear Huangpu River as well as the future resembles the brocade the Pudong land to embellish the financial trade area, at present for is novel uniquely goes sightseeing the tour area. This architectural complex, Zhongshan Road, go sightseeing the area, the Huangpu River, Lu Jiazui in the as if music five spectra, the industrious Shanghai people seem between the string string the symbol, is composing most newly the most gorgeous music movement, is welcome fellow guests presence.

The powder can call Bund? Simple saying, it passed once was the desolate beach place which outside the Shanghai old city the reed grew thickly together.

In 1840 after first Opium War, the tight lock entrance to a country has been driven out by the colonizing ocean artillery, Shanghai also is compelled to ward off for the commercial port. Since then, all kinds of west foreign style construction hastens to ground along with colonizing but towers in abundance, to this century the beginning of 30s, Shanghai as soon as leapt into the far east biggest metropolis from seashore small Yi.

At present these have the Europe Renaissance time style the construction, although stems from hand of the identical design, also is not constructs at an age, but their construction style is such harmonious unification, the day becomes. From Jinling east road Bund to outside white temporary bridge long only 1.5 kilometer arcs in, height scattered about, is standing erect row after row 52 styles each different construction, has England -like, France -like, ancient Greece -like and so on. Same year many foreign banks, the general meeting, the consulate and so on converged to this, some East Wall Street the name, formed the old Shanghai semicolonial and semifeudal society a historical miniature.

Everybody please looked that, the new Bund 2 east winds hotels, in the past once were the English general meetings which extremely is well-known, it is a model English ancient canonical expression constructs. The building high has 6 (continually basement), the roof north and south beginnings and ends respectively suppose □t look pavilion, the interior decoration are extremely magnificent. Inside a yet higher goal bar same year once because of has 110.7 foot Eastern longest bar cabinet but to be arrogant for a while, now USS Kentuckey quick dining room is located in.

New Bund 12 before are famous the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank, this building constructed in 1923, was in the style of antiquity Greece -like dome construction. The building for approaches the square the rectangular construction, high 5, a crown hemispheroid level goes against the vegetable to have 7 in addition, the steel portal frame construction. In the building decorates extremely is fastidious, is equipped with country each kind of reception room and so on America, England and France, Russia, date. This place constructed the English once to brag for from The Suez Canal to far east Bering Strait most was fastidious construction.

Nearby close neighbor Hongkong and Shanghai Bank that building is the Shanghai customs building, is 19th century restores the old the principle construction, constructed in 1927, is now the world institute rarely is ominous. Above the building bell all around worthy of looking at arrives is in luck, each 15 minutes play sound section of short tunes, melodious are deep, reputation 10 miles.

After the Hongkong and Shanghai Bank building and the customs building all stem from English designer Wilson, Shanghai kindly called they are the sisters building, at present was still one of Shanghais important symbols.

East Nanjing the street intersection two buildings are called the peaceful hotel. Sat north the Southern Dynasty this Lou Jianyu in 1906, at that time the name collected the hotel, was a Shanghai extant earliest hotel. It may take a historical construction, is the English Chinese world renaissance. This building most major characteristic is sets up the surface color red brick to make the waist line, Bai Qiangzhuan makes the cover, looks by far both gravely is elegant, and other style, the reality is a rare excellent work.

Bunds these constructions, all are the China working people industrious wisdom crystallization, simultaneously has also reflected western colonizing to Shanghais plundering and the aggression. Now in order to let the people understand these constructions the history, in front of each big front door hangs has the data plate which the Chinese and English compares.

Regarding Bund, the Shanghai person also passes for hers name along with the time changes. Shanghai persons is called old Bund, after the liberation liberation before Bund to be called as Bund, now the people approve her are new Bund. In the history occurs has seized Bund many times the scene, but each time all has the completely different historical significance. Since partys 11 sessions of three CCP plenary conferences, the China reform and open policy strategic center of gravity also from the south but north, Pudongs development and the promotion enable Shanghai to walk the nation reform and open policy most front. The spring breeze blew awakes the deep sleep many year Shanghai Bund, the Chinese and foreign financial organ in abundance has also seized Bund. Shanghai has made the clear nest directs the phoenix the significant action, the Bund finance street house big replacement, will attract everywhere the old customer reto come to settle down, again will reveal the far east Wall Street elegant demeanour.

Bund is Shanghais symbol, also is the Chinese and foreign tourists must arrive place. But in before because the path narrow, the pedestrian vehicles are packed like sardines, seriously has affected the Bund overall image. For the change place beach appearance, the Shanghai peoples government performs Bund as the key point to transform. At present this street called, also is Bund which Zhongshan a group, is for commemorate pioneer Mr. Sun Yat-Sen which China democratic revolution names synthesizes the transformation a part. This group span 826 meters, the width 45 meters, suppose 6 to 10 traffic lanes. This broad line of communication not merely is restricted in area Bund, it follows the reform and open policy step unceasingly to extend, north the Jiangwan five jiao fields, south arrive at the Nampo bridge. To the next the beginning of century, this north and south corridor long amounts to 15 kilometers, will become the sign landscape which the Shanghai traveling will go sightseeing.

We now walk this Bin Jiang main road quite has the characteristic. It not only collection culture, afforestation to a body, moreover the morning is the people practices the good place which the article practices martial arts, daytime is domestic and foreign goes sightseeing the tour world, evening is the ideal place which talks love to the lover, heard has many foreign friends all in admiration of somebodys fame to come to experience the life.

Fellow guests, stroll in new Bund to go sightseeing the area, whether you do feel, new Bund not only appearance changed beyond recognition, moreover in lively is lively passes the rich artistic breath. Everybody please looked that, In the Yenan east road Bund establishment subject will be for tomorrow the artistic landscape, will hug by 6 columns, with will have more than 80 years historical meteorological signal to become a group to the scenery. The customs building and the electronic waterfall clock also is quite has the fresh idea to the scenery. The electronic waterfall clock assumes the steps and ladders type, the length 27 meters, the height 3.5 meters, supposes 10 entire stairs. The entire operating process by the computer control, approximately some more than 1,000 nozzles water column is composed each kind of color the Arabic numeral, causes world each place since such remoteness, double is how being intimate with. Went sightseeing the area worthily to become to hold hundred Sichuan, is compatible Shanghai school characteristic culture scenery line which and gathered.

Strolls Bund, we unconsciously entered the Whangpoo River park. In mentioned this park, each Chinese all could not forget the former days foreign country big powers to hang the Chinese people and the dog did not have to enter in park entrance that block the sign, that notorious sign, let then Chinese people suffer the enormous shame! Now, looked at present that 60 meter high Shanghai people outstandingly talented monument, stands erect is facing the water place. The military might magnificent sight three columns yellow hillocks body in has told the people as if, the people forever cherishes the memory of since the Opium War, 54 movements and the war of liberation, is the scrubbing nationality shame, devotes the heroes for Shanghais revolutionary business.

The Whangpoo River park faces is well-known everywhere Huangpu River. On month Huanglong waters edge water yellow, extremely vividly described the Whangpoo River river water color. Improves Pujiang is Shanghais mother river, it originates to the Wuxi Tai Lake, is within the boundaries of Shanghai longest, is widest, deepest rivers, the span 114 kilometers; The mean breadth 400 meters, are deep 7 to 9 meters. Its original name calls Dong Jiang, also has the spring Shenjiang river, alternate name and so on Huang Xiejiang. Hands down before more than 2,000 years, Shanghai was Chu at that time, at that time Chu country has a senior general yellow to call to rest, he had very much rules a nation ability, is appointed by Chu king as prime minister, and sealed for presents Mr. Shen, had jurisdiction over Shanghai this land. At that time because upstream Dong Jiangs clogged with silt, he led the Shanghai people to carry on scours, and revised the route, caused Shanghai the aquatic transportation and the agriculture obtains the very big development, the posterity for commemorate Huang Xie the merit, renamed Dong Jiang as the spring Shenjiang river and yellow , only then officially chose a name until the Southern Song Dynasty time as the Huangpu River.

The Huangpu River has two the child, calls Pudong, another calls Puxi. Before new China is born, their whole family deeply three mountains oppressions, on the mother river body is anchoring is the outside warship and the merchantman, two children also are pressed have not gasped for breath. Jumps Whangpoo River my sentence Shanghai persons pet phrase, refers to the common people which the old society really is unable to live, throws the river to here to commit suicide.

Looks out into the distance the opposite shore, Pudong Lu Jiazui the finance trade area and Puxi Bund distantly faces one another, its function for the finance, the trade and foreign serves, it will be the new Shanghais core and the symbol. East Bund the Bin Jiang main road, the total length 2,500 meters, the collection traveling, go sightseeing with the entertainment and so on are a body, is equipped with 6 multi-faceted squares along the road. Although the present only rumble cuts in line the sound, but the sound sound , is in five spectra the most magnificent music movement, will be forecasting a Bund more glorious future.

凤凰古城英语导游词

Ladies and gentlemen , welcome to fenghuang, the place where were arriving is one of the two most beautiful town in china----the old town of fenghuang,

Its a very important point that connects huaihua hunan and tongren guizhou together.and its the hometown of mr shengcongwen.

Fenghuang has wonderful natural landscapes,its very hot for travelling since the old time. even a lot of teleplays were produced here.fenghuang is also a dradle for famous people ,shencongwen and xiongxiling are both spent their childhood here.

Now, lets set out to enjoy these fantastic good views.

The former residence of shencongwen

This is the former residence of shencongwen,a very famous auther, archaeologist and historian in china.

Lined in the zhongying street in the south part of the fenghuang old town, the residence is a typical spacious ancient countryard with special tectonic style of ming and qing dynasty. walk into the yard, you can find that there is a small patio in the center of the countryard. which is built with red rock. around the patio , there are about 10 rooms which are small but decorated by special carved wooden windows .its so beautiful.

This countryard is built by mr shens grandfather in 1866 on dec.28,1902. shencongwen was born in the old countyard.and spent his childhood here. in 1917,when he was 15 years old, mr shen left family and joined the army. from 1917 to 1922, mr shen had lived with soildiers, farmers, workers and some other

Common people,and know their tragic lives. this special experience stunned up his enthusiasm of writhing . so in 1919, mr shen went to beijing alone, and began his hard writing . after his series of works west of hunan &fringe town were punished, mr shen became nation -wide well -known.at that time, he was even

As famous as luxun, another famous auther in chiese literature area. its said that shencongwen is the one who is the most possible to win the prize.

Mr shen devoted all his life to writing,his 5-million word works are though as the precious legacy to the world literature.meanwhile, these works are also very veluable date for researching the history of hunan province and even china.

This 100-years-old countyard was renovated in 1989.the 1st room on the right hane is for displaying mr shens photos.and what displayed in the 2nd room are mr shens handwritingarticles.at the left side,you ll find a list of mr shens work of different additions. in the center of the middle room .there is a mr shens line drawing hanging on the wall. the left fringle room is mr shens bedroom and another one on the right is full of marble desks and chairs.

巴厘岛英文导游词

When to Visit

Just considering the weather, the cooler dry season from April to October is the best time to visit Bali. The rest of the year is more humid, cloudier and has more rainstorms, but you can still enjoy a holiday.

There are also distinct tourist seasons that affect the picture. The European summer holidays bring the biggest crowds —— July, August and early September are busy. Accommodation can be tight in these months and prices are higher.

Balinese festivals, holidays and special celebrations occur all the time, so dont worry about timing your visit to coincide with local events. It could be a nice treat to fuse into the local culture and enjoy the traditional cuisine and local delicacies.

Have you heard of Bali, a place to the south of Indonesia? Its a small island but is becoming more and more famous by its fascinating tourist attractions enjoyed by hundreds of thousands of people from world at large. Bali is so picturesque that you could be fooled into thinking it was a painted backdrop: rice paddies trip down hillsides like giant steps, volcanoes soar through the clouds, the forests are lush and tropical, and the beaches are lapped by the warm waters of the Indian Ocean. But the postcard paradise gloss has been manufactured and polished by the international tourist industry rather than by the Balinese themselves who dont even have a word for paradise in their language.

Off-beaten Tourist AttractionsKuta and Legian

Including the two beach sites of Kuta and Legian, this area is a major sightseeing for travelers, offering cheap accommodation, Western food, great shopping, surf, sunsets and riotous nightlife. Although its fashionable to contempt Kuta for its rampant development, low-brow nightlife, the cosmopolitan mixture of beach-party and entrepreneurial energy can be exciting.

Kuta is not pretty but its not dull either, and the amazing growth is evidence that a lot of people still find something to appreciate in Kuta. Its still the best beach in Bali, with the only surf, which breaks over sand instead of coral. Lots of cheap accommodation is available and theres a huge choice of places to eat. Shops and venders offer everything from local handcrafts to genuine antiques. Even the tourists themselves have become a tourist attraction, with visitors swarming into this small island on the tropical area.Behind the beaches, roads and alleys lead back to the most amazing district of hotels, restaurants, bars, food stalls and shops. The renowned Poppies Gang, running directly back from Kuta Beach, is where most of the quieter, inexpensive hostels and restaurants are located. Cheap beachfront accommodation is available in Legian; the lanes running parallel to the beach are the best places to start trawling for a decent bed.

The Bali Museum

The Bali Museum consists of an attractive series of separate buildings, including examples of both palace and temple architecture. The exhibits themselves are not always well presented, but there are enough arts and crafts and everyday items displayed to make it worthwhile. The tiny cane cases for transporting fighting crickets are pretty special. The Abiankapas arts center houses a collection of modern painting and woodcarving. Dancing groups and gamelan orchestras regularly perform here, mostly for the benefit of tourists.

Ubud

Situated in the hills 20km north of Denpasar, Ubud is the serene cultural center of Bali. Extensive development in recent years has meant that Ubud has engulfed a number of nearby villages, although these have retained their distinct identities. Head off in any direction and youre in for an interesting walk to a secluded craft hamlet, through the rice paddies or into the dense Monkey Forest, just south of the town center.

In Ubud itself, the Puri Lukisan Museum displays fine examples of all schools of Balinese art in a beautiful garden setting. There are several other quality galleries such as Museum Neka, which features work of some Western artists who have painted in Bali, and Agung Rai Gallery, a commercial operation which also houses a small, but important, permanent collection. The homes of influential Western artists Walter Spies and Rudolf Bonnet, who played key roles in transforming Balinese art from the purely decorative, can also be viewed. Ubud is a good place to see Balinese dancing and hear Balinese music, and it has some of the finest restaurants on the island.

Tenganan

The ancient village of Tenganan, inland from the east coast port of Padangbai, can only be reached by motorbike or on foot. Its a walled Bali Aga village, busy with unusual customs, festivals and practices. Its the center for the weaving of the little-seen double ikat cloth, and ancient versions of gamelan and accompanying dances are performed here. The nearby towns of Amlapura and Tirtagangga are known for their decaying water palaces - relics of the power of the Balinese rajahs - which are surrounded by beautiful terraced rice paddies.

The Bali Barat National Park

The Bali Barat National Park covers nearly all the coral reef and coastal waters. Most of the natural vegetation in the park is coastal savanna with deciduous trees, which become bare in the dry season. Over 200 species of plants inhabit the various environments. Animals include black monkeys, leaf monkeys and macaques; Java, barking, sambar and mouse deer; squirrels, wild pigs, buffalos, iguanas and pythons. The bird life is prolific, with many of Balis 200 species represented, including the striking Bali starling. The parks attractions include hot springs, uninhabited Deer Island (which has great diving) and guided jungle treks.

Transportation

Transport from Ngurah Rai international airport, 2.5km south of Kuta, is quite simple. Choose from an official taxi counter, where you pay a set price in advance, or walk across the airport car park and hail a metered cab. The lightly-laden can walk straight up the road to Kuta, although its a more pleasant stroll along the beach. The main forms of public transport on Bali are the cheap buses and bemos (minibus) that run on more or less set routes within or between towns. If you want your own transport, you can charter a bemo or rent a car, motorcycle or bicycle. The Balinese drive on the left, use their horns a lot and give way to traffic pulling onto the road. Tourist shuttle buses, running between the major tourist centers, are more expensive than public transport but are also more comfortable and convenient.

长隆水上乐园是全亚洲最大，世界上水上游乐设备最多、最先进的水上乐园。来自澳洲的水上乐园总顾问Alan Mahony身有感触的表示说：“长隆水上乐园绝对是我所知道的世界上为数不多的最好的水上乐园之一。”

长隆水上乐园占地20万平方米，由国际知名的加拿大白水公司(WHITEWATER)设计。园内水处理系统引进世界最先进的臭氧水循环处理系统，不仅能够使水质完全符合国家质检部门的要求，更能在完全不刺激眼睛和皮肤的情况下，消灭水中出现细菌的苗头，使园内用水变的更纯净，更安全。

园内所有水上游乐设备均由世界级水上设备公司设计及提供，并获得过国际大奖。其中包括亚洲第一台获得国际旅游行业20_年度“金票奖”“最佳新项目”的“大喇叭”滑道，游客坐在特别设计的四叶草型浮圈里面从高处滑行到一个巨大的大喇叭型圆锥体里面，像是被龙卷风吸进去的感觉，特别适合喜欢体验新鲜感受的游客;还有国际旅游行业20_和20_连续两年“金票奖”“最佳水上项目”得主，有水上过山车之称的喷射滑道能带给游客难以置信的滑行体验，非常适合喜欢挑战和刺激的年轻游客;另外还有目前水上乐园行业里最新的设计合家欢组合滑道，它是世界上首条运用新型高技术设计的惊险度极高的水上滑道，特别适合家人和朋友共同体验。

此外长隆水上乐园还拥有总长度超过1280米，世界上最长的漂流河;总面积超过10，000平方米，提供9种造浪模式，最高可形成1.2米高浪潮的世界上最大的造浪池超级造浪池;以及特别为儿童而设计的多种儿童滑道及儿童戏水池等等。

各位游客们，上午好，我叫许乐妍，是你们的许导游。很高兴能带领大家游玩林则徐纪念馆，希望我们能度过愉快的一天。

各位游客们，林则徐纪念馆建筑于1920_年，建筑面积是一万五千平方米，林则徐纪念馆可是国家2a级景区。人们建筑林则徐纪念馆，也是因为让一代又一代的人记住，是林则徐让中国没有了那么多的有害。

各位游客们快看前面，那就是御碑亭。御碑亭建于1920_年，每座石碑的下面都雕刻着精美的图案。有哪些图案呢?有麒麟，狮子都栩栩如生。游客们请抬头看一看，五彩的凤凰翩翩起舞，中间还有一朵美丽的鲜花绽放开。御碑亭建于1920_年(清光绪31年)为正方形重檐歇山顶，内立三座碑亭，成品字型排列，隐喻林则徐一生品重柱石，刚正不阿。正中是清咸丰皇帝得知林则徐病逝慰问其家属的“圣旨”;在左边是“御赐碑文”为林公树碑立传;右边是“御赐祭文”，为祭祀文体。

各位游客们，我们现在来到了荷戈亭，这儿以前是林则徐读书的地方。游客们低头看一看，清澈的池塘里有鱼儿游来游去，是在向大家问好呢!这里有许多花草树木，是花的天堂，小草的家。

下面你们边欣赏风景，边听我讲一个“虎门销烟”的历史故事吧!

当时人们吸的行为随处可见，损坏了人们的健康，所以外国人称中国人“东亚病夫”。1939年6月3日，林则徐当众将237625斤烧毁，一共烧了23天，这就是“虎门销烟”的故事。

下面请游客们自由观览。请不要乱扔垃圾，破坏历史文物，做一个文明游客。

在宋朝时，大屿山和香港岛等岛屿合称为大奚山。明朝东莞人邓淳著的《岭南丛述》就有提到“大奚山，三十六屿，在莞邑海中，水边岩穴，多居屹蛮种类，或传系卢循遗种，今名卢亭，亦曰卢余”。

大屿山亦称大溪山、大姨山、大嵛山、大鱼山、大渔山、屯门岛，大屿山岛，大屿岛及烂头岛。大屿山的英文名“Lantau”正是粤语“烂头”的音译。虽然“屿”字的广东话正音同“罪”(zeoi6)，但“大屿山”则读成“鱼“(yu4)。这是因为大屿山旧名“大鱼”、“大渔”、“大俞”等，皆是“鱼”音，“大屿山”一名是从清朝道光年间才开始的官方名称。

早于石器时代，大屿山便有人居住。考古学家曾发掘出当时的陶器、捕鱼工具和兵器，而现存于分流的石圆环及石壁的石刻就是当时的遗迹。

东晋末年，地方民变首领卢循在刘裕率兵征讨之下，率其部下逃亡至大屿山定居，后人以渔业及制盐为业，其后成为傜民的一支。可是当时亦有传说指岛上的是称为卢亭的半人半鱼的生物。

南宋年间，随著九龙官富场的设立，朝廷明令打击私盐贩卖，遂于宋宁宗庆元三年(1197年)引起当地盐民的动乱，史称大奚山盐民起义，其后动乱被镇压，起义者全被杀害，制盐业从此式微。另一方面，宋理宗宝佑二年(1254年)，李昴英封番禺开国男，食邑三百户，大屿山的梅蔚(今梅窝)也是其食邑之一。

南宋末年，宋朝朝廷被逼在海上流亡。宋端宗景炎二年及三年(1277年及1278年)，他们曾两度逗留于大屿山，曾于梅蔚(今梅窝)及东涌等地稍作停留。景炎三年三月，端宗于大屿山北岸一带病逝，宋帝昺继位，其后才逃至新会。

明朝正德年间，佛朗机(今葡萄牙)人滋扰屯门地区，并曾于大屿山的大澳建立据点。正德十六年(1520xx年)爆发的屯门海战，才使佛朗机人撤出大屿山。

清朝年间，大屿山以北的龙鼓水道成为外国商旅往广州贸易的必经之路。为了阻止鸦片贸易和海盗侵略，朝廷于道光十二年(1832年)设立于东涌兴建一个所城，现称东涌炮台。光绪二十五年(1899年)，包括整个大屿山的新界地区被英国根据《展拓香港界址专条》租借，岛上树立了屿南界碑以示英方主权。

1990年代前，香港殖民地政府一直未有在大屿山有大型发展。1989年，时任香港总督麦理浩发表“机场核心计划”，决定在赤鱲角发展新机场。大屿山西北的东涌被发展为北大屿山新市镇，并以机场铁路及青屿干线与岛外的陆上交通连接，大屿山开始被大兴土木。

朱雀山距离松花湖仅2公里，海拔817米，山脚断壁上有吉林省重点保护文物阿什哈达明代摩崖石刻。

请乾隆东巡吉林时作的《硗跗吉林将军署复得诗三首》中有两句赞美吉林风景的诗惟妙惟肖：“城临镜水沧烟火，地接屏山绿树头”。其中“镜水”即指松花江，“屏山”则指“左青龙(龙潭山)，右白虎(小白山)，前朱雀(朱雀山)，后玄武(玄天岭)。朱雀山山势陡峭，怪石嶙峋，树木葱茏，风貌古朴。东峰上有块10多米长的猪形巨石，名为“魔猪石”，有5头小石猪尾随其后。石猪头向山顶，尾巴向下，好象在行走，因此朱雀山又名“老母猪砬子”。

今天我们在朱雀山看到的18处景观：魔猪痴想、石龟探海、玉兔奔月、雄师吼天......均来自于一个民间神话，据说很久很久以前，八仙云游到这里，被这里的风光所迷醉，他们将从天宫带来的美酒倒在寻梦峰上的“仙酿池”中开怀畅饮，酒香招徕了山下众多生灵，也想尝尝这美酒，八仙大怒，用法术定住了众生灵，于是有了着18景观。

天女浴躬池位于天文峰东30.4公里的西北侧有一个“池浑而圆”，形如荷盖的“圆池”。相传这里是三仙女降浴的地方，三仙女中的三妹佛库仑浴后吞果受孕，生一男孩，相貌异常，生而能言，名叫布库里雍顺，大清皇帝就是雍顺的后代。清光绪三十四年，奉天候补知县刘建封曾寻览至此，为使人人得瞻，在池边立“天女浴躬处”石碑一座，故得名“天女浴躬池”。

天女浴躬池是一个小火山湖。水清浅，多水草，中央冬无冰，夏无萍，无水流注入，也无溢口，池中泉涌如柱。池四周多松，参天蔽日，池畔芳草萋萋，更有雨燕穿天，鱼翔浅底，白鹤相戏，不失为人间仙境。

松花江源出长白山天池，如一条绿色飘带横贯吉林市全城。全长1840多公里，流域面积545000平方公里，在全国各大江河流域中，仅次于长江、黄河，居第三位，好比东北人民的保姆。

人们常说：“黄河之水天上来，”其实松花江水才无愧于是从天上来的呢。松花江是满语“松阿里乌拉”的转译，就是“天河”的意思。把松花江比作从九天落到地上的天河，概括了它的宽广绵长、富饶美丽和神奇风光，其蕴意深远、引人遐想。松花江源出长白山天池，如一条绿色飘带横贯吉林市全城。全长1840多公里，流域面积545000平方公里，在全国各大江河流域中，仅次于长江、黄河，居第三位，好比东北人民的保姆。

皆さん、こんにちは、私はあなた達のガイドです。王さんと呼んでください。今日は皆さんを西安の城壁を見学させていただきます。

私たちが今見ているこの古い城は明安城壁で、明朝の初めに唐長安皇城の基礎の上に建てられたのです。それは我が国の中世後期の歴史上最も有名な城壁の一つで、世界で現存する最大規模で、最も完備している古代の軍事城防御施設です。

西安は千年の古都として、歴代何度も城壁を築き上げました。それらの多くは歴史のほこりに埋もれています。私たちが今見ている城壁は隋時代にさかのぼります。1369年、明王朝の大将徐達は山西から陝西に入り、元の奉天路を西安に変えました。明が西安で城壁を築く序幕を開けた。8年にわたって築かれた城壁の形は長方形です。城壁の高さは15メートル、幅は12～14メートル、幅は16～18メートル、周囲は13センチです。9キロです。最下層は黄土と石灰、もち米汁を混ぜて作ります。乾燥した後、非常に丈夫です。

西安の古い城壁は堀、つり橋、閘門楼、箭楼、正楼、角楼、敵楼、女儿壁、積み上げ口などの一連の軍事施設を含みます。はい、今は科学的で厳密で完備した軍事防御システムを自分で感じさせます。

これは今日観光した西安の城壁です。代々陝西人の誇りで、唐の文明の象徴です。

各位女士、先生们：

这里是全国重点文物保护单位“岱海遗址群”组成部分之一——老虎山龙山文化早期人类聚居遗址。你看，半穴房屋，环山而筑，外围城墙，壁垒森严，一派古国风貌。该遗址1982年始开掘，现已发现认定文化遗存总面积达13万平方米，古石墙南北长370米，东西宽330米。这是迄今发现的我国古代最早最完整的石墙防护体系之一，它标志着凉城地区早在5020_年前就已进入了初具规模的城市王国时代。遗址内先后发掘房址60多座，灰坑21个，墓葬4座，出土陶器200多件。

石器和骨器陈列在考古室内。一个居室、一件文物，虽说形态各异，色彩不一，但犹如原始彩电，在述说着梦幻的故事。此处遗址，从一个侧面反映了内蒙古乌兰察布凉城地带也是中华文明的发祥地之一。喜爱中华文明的游客朋友们，欢迎您下次再来凉城做客。

各位朋友，现在大家左手边的就是潜溪寺，它是我们进入龙门西山北端第一个大石窟。潜溪寺洞高、宽9米多，进深近7米，建于唐代初期，距今约1300多年的历史，因在凿洞时地下有源源不断流出的溪流而得名。窟内洞顶雕刻了一朵大莲花，洞内所供主像为阿弥陀佛，佛身高7.38米，面额丰满，胸部隆起、衣纹斜垂座前，身体各部比例匀称。神情睿智，整个姿态给人以静穆慈祥之感。两侧为二弟子、二菩萨、二天王。特别是南壁的大势至菩萨，造型丰满敦厚，仪态文静，与主佛造像为龙门石窟唐代石雕中最优美的两尊。洞内前侧两壁各雕一护法天王，高颧大目、体魄雄壮、孔武有力、身披销甲，是唐代高级武将的形象。踩在脚下的夜叉，也塑造的十分生动传神。

请大家跟我向前走，路旁右侧并排坐西向东的这三座石窟，即宾阳三洞(中洞、北洞、南洞的俗称)。以中洞为代表，中洞在北魏时称灵岩寺，明清以后才改称宾阳洞，传说是根据道教八仙之一吕洞宾之字(洞宾)和号(纯阳)的末两字相加而命名的。此洞从北魏宣武帝景明元年，就是公元5__年开始雕凿到正光四年，即公元523年6月完工，历时达24年之久。宾阳中洞是一座三世佛窟。北魏由于受“法华经”影响较大，除了信仰释迦、多宝外，还信仰的对象便是三世佛了。在龙门石窟仅此一例。正面是以释迦牟尼佛像为主的五尊雕像。释迦身着褒衣博带式袈裟，通高8.4米，面部清秀、神情饱满、高鼻大目、微露笑意。释迦左右侍立着二弟子、二菩萨(左文殊、右普贤)。二菩萨含睬若笑、温雅敦厚，给人以亲切感。窟顶做琼隆形，中央雕刻着重瓣大莲花构成的莲花宝盖。

各位游客朋友：

你们好!我是昌黎_旅行社的导游员_X.今天由我带领大家游览号称“十里葡萄长廊”的葡萄沟。如果我的服务有不足之处，请大家提出批评和建议。谢谢大家。不知您听说过没有，昌黎是冀东有名的花果鱼米之乡，山清水秀，物产丰富。西南部平原地区盛产小麦、玉米、花生水稻等农作物，北部山区盛产葡萄、梨、苹果、板栗核桃等干鲜果品，东部沿海盛产螃蟹、对虾、扇贝、梭鱼等海产品。来昌黎作客您随时都有可能大饱口福。我们今天去游览的葡萄沟位于昌黎县十里铺乡西山场村，坐落在凤凰山脚下，和法国著名的葡萄产区波尔多处于同一纬度。这里三面环山，背风向阳。白天日照充足，气温较高;夜间因为地势高，气温又比平原低。日夜温差较大，有利于糖分的积累和形成，加上这里水质好，所以形成了适合葡萄生长的优越环境。农民门多年来丰富的栽培经验，也是这里葡萄品质优良是一个重要原因。所以，西山场村的葡萄远近闻名，是十分抢手的果品。现在我们的车已驶进了十里铺乡，您看，公路两边，房前屋后，到处都是葡萄架，一串一串的葡萄有红有紫。我发现很多朋友都在流口水，您不要着急，更好的还在后头。呆会到了西山场村，您才会见着真正的葡萄，那时会让您敞开肚子吃，痛痛快快的过把瘾。

十里铺乡共有土地一万四千亩，其中一万两千亩种的是葡萄，年产鲜葡萄900万吨，直接经济收入1500万元。随着知名度的不断提高，这里的农民也有了品牌意识，为自己的葡萄注册了商标，取名“碣石山”牌。相信碣石山牌葡萄将来一定会成为名牌产品，说不准哪天会冲出亚洲走向世界。近年来随着人民生活水平的提高，葡萄酒已走上了百姓的餐桌。十里铺乡瞅准市场，外引内联，先后建成了三家干红葡萄酒厂，建立赤霞珠酒葡萄基地3000亩，既进一步巩固了昌黎县“干红县”的地位，又为当地农民创造了良好的经济效益。为了解决葡萄保鲜的问题，全乡建有30多个保鲜库，能存放上千吨葡萄，又建成温室大棚38个，使葡萄成熟期进一步提前。十里铺乡的葡萄，源源不断的供应着各地市场，让人民一年四季都能吃上昌黎县甜滋滋的玫瑰香葡萄。我们现在经过的村子叫做湾里村。大家看，两旁的民房是典型的农家小院，院墙都是当地农民就地取材用石块砌成的，显得别具一格。湾里村共有农民254户，近两三年内就出了20多位大学生，很是让村民们津津乐道。他们说这里风水好，人杰地灵。要是这样，各位游客朋友今天从这走过一回，也能带回去一些灵气，让您的事业更加发达，生活更加美满。

我们现在已到达西山场村。请各位朋友下车，不要忘记带您的小剪刀。现在往四周看一看，您是不是感觉到我们已经置身于葡萄的海洋中了!在这里，我们看不到天，因为天已经被葡萄叶遮住了。整个西山场村直到半山腰，都覆盖在了密密匝匝的葡萄秧下。弯弯曲曲的山路，由葡萄架围成的绿色长廊。人们这里是“北方吐鲁番”。您觉得怎么样?西山场村共有农民124户，只有100多亩山地，年产葡萄却达100万斤。这里栽培葡萄已有400多年的历史。最古老的葡萄树有180岁的高龄，依旧枝繁叶茂，硕果累累。几十年树龄的更是比比皆是。可以说，每一棵葡萄都是一棵摇钱树，为农民摇来了钞票，摇来了彩电、冰箱，摇来了幸福美满的生活。现在您看到的这些葡萄是巨峰葡萄，属于杂交品种。它的果实较大，颜色呈黑紫色，含糖量达13%——15%，有一种特殊的香味。这是龙眼葡萄，还没有成熟。之所以叫龙眼，是因为它的果粒均匀，果实呈圆形，形状好像龙的眼睛一样。这种葡萄果皮比较厚，成熟后呈紫红色，上面有一层白霜。果肉是绿色的，柔软而多汁，含糖量达14%——15%，味道较甜。这种葡萄是什么品种?您别急着猜，先尝一尝，品品味再说。对了，它就是大名鼎鼎的玫瑰香葡萄。玫瑰香属于特级品种，大家看，它的外形非常美观，果实密实，红里透紫，好像一堆珍珠，含糖量在16%——20%之间，鲜甜可口，有类似玫瑰般的香味，所以取名玫瑰香。玫瑰香葡萄含有多种维生素及营养成分，长期食用可以强身健体，美容防癌。昌黎县葡萄酒厂生产的保健酒“鼋鱼酒”，就是以玫瑰香葡萄为原料酿制而成的。获得了省优产品称号和全国酒类质量大赛铜杯奖。下面我们到一户农家小院，听主任介绍以下种植葡萄的经验和体会。中午在这里品尝地地道道的农家饭。您看整个院子都被葡萄秧遮盖的密不透风，其实呀，这只不过是一棵树上的葡萄而已。单单这棵树产量就能达20__斤!您看着一串串的葡萄又大又紫，既赏心悦目，又叫人眼馋。别着急，您喜欢那串就摘哪串，别浪费就行。咱们哪，边吃边听。

各位游客朋友，今天我们一起游览了葡萄长廊，观赏了这里别具一格的景色，品尝了各种新鲜甜美的葡萄。我发现每位朋友都意犹未尽，兴致勃勃。看到朋友门玩得高兴，我的心里也像吃了玫瑰香葡萄。回去以后，请各位朋友把昌黎的玫瑰香葡萄带给您的家人和朋友，也把昌黎人民的祝福和友谊带给他们。昌黎人民时刻欢迎各位朋友的到来。希望您不要忘了昌黎的山、昌黎的水、昌黎的人、昌黎的情，有空常来看看。我会随时恭候您的光临。祝您一路顺风，再见!

各们朋友们，我们今天参观的下一站是享有“中国第一古刹”之称的白马寺。白马寺位于洛阳城东约12千米处，距今已有1900多年的历史了。白马寺初创于东汉永平十一年，即公元68年，是佛教传入中国后，由官府创办的第一座寺院，是源于南亚次大陆的佛教在辽阔的中华大地上赖以生存和发展的第一座提道声，被佛教界尊称是“祖庭”和“释源”。“祖庭”即祖师之庭院，“释源”即佛教的发源地。它对佛教在中国的传播和发展，对促进中外思想文分化交流都起到了积极的作用。

一提到白马寺呢，我想大家的脑海里会更清晰的浮现出唐僧取经的那匹白马吧，那告诉大家的是，它可比唐僧取经早560多年呢!

说到“白马寺”三个字，大家会问，既然不是白龙马的马，又为什么叫“白马寺”呢。首先给大家介绍一下“寺”字。那“寺”字是源于我国封建社会交外机构鸿胪寺的“寺”，后来成为我国的寺院的通称。白马寺呢，民间一直流传着一个白马驮经的故事。在东汉永平七年的一个晚上，刘秀之子汉明帝刘庄夜宿南宫，梦见一个身高丈六，头顶放光的金人自西而来，在殿庭飞绕。第二天早上，汉明帝召集大臣，把这个梦告诉大臣们，博学的傅毅启奏道：臣听说，西方有佛，就像您梦到的那样。明帝听罢，信以为真，于是派蔡音，秦景等十余人出使西域求佛经。蔡秦余人于公元65年离开洛阳，踏上了“西天取经”之路。大月氏中(今阿富汉)遇到印度高僧摄摩滕和竺法兰，见到了佛经和释迦牟尼的像，诚恳请二位高僧东赴中国弘扬佛法。公元67年，二位高僧应邀和东汉使者一道，用白马驮载佛像，佛经返回国都洛阳。汉明帝见之非常高兴，对二位高僧极为礼重，并安排他们在当时负责外交事务的官署鸿胪寺暂住。公元68年，明帝下令在洛阳建寺院，为纪念白马驮经之功，取名“白马寺”。

1961年，国务院公布白马寺为第一批全国重点文物保护单位，1983年，国务院又公布白马寺为全国汉传佛教重点寺院，20xx年6月，白马寺被国家旅游局定为国家4A级景区。

话说到这里，白马寺到了，请大家关好车窗，带好贵重物品，记清我们停车的位置和车牌号码及集合的时间，地点。随我下车去参观中国第一古刹——白马寺吧!白马寺游览示意图及导游词

游客朋友们，我们现在便来到了白马寺的山门前了。寺前的这两匹白马，是宋江代附马都尉魏咸信墓前之物，是两件优秀的宋江代石刻。1935年前后，主持僧德浩法师重修白马寺时，将他们置于山门前。我们看到的这座山门呢，始建于明代，1981年翻修顶部，“白马寺”三个字是原中国佛教协会

会长赵赴初先生题写的。山门这三个洞称“三解脱门”即无作门，无相门和空门。现在清各位随我进入白马寺。在我的左手侧有鼓楼，右手侧有钟楼。在钟楼以东鼓楼以西，分别是印度高僧摄摩腾和竺法兰的墓。他们共同译出了第一本汉文佛经《四十二章经》。由于时间关系我们就不去参观了。请大家随我直接进入第一重殿——天王殿。

迎面坐的大肚佛是弥勒佛，他笑容满面，左手握布带，右手持念珠，形象生动有趣为明代造像品。要告诉大家的是啊，在中国汉族的佛寺中，第一座大殿通常供奉弥勒佛，人们进入佛寺后，首先看到这一乐呵呵的形象，使人们对佛门产生一种亲切之感。四周贡奉的是四大天王，东方持国一，西方广目，南方增长一龙，北方多闻一年。四大天王喻意风调调雨顺。四大天王为清代泥塑。在天王殿东西两侧，有许多石榴树，人们说“五月石榴红似水“，而白马寺的石榴是白色的。

这尊面北泥像佛为韦驮天将，被称做“护法神“，著武将装，立弥勒佛后，正对大佛殿的释迦牟尼佛，执行着维护讲经道场，不许邪摩侵扰的任务，为清代泥塑。第年农历四月份，树上开满了晶莹洁白的石榴，真是“五月榴花白如雪啊”!

天王殿参观到此结束，请大家随我继续向前走，参观白马寺第二重大殿——大佛殿。朋友们，我们现在便进入大佛殿了。大佛殿是寺内主要殿堂，重大的佛事活动均在这里举行。现存大佛殿是明代重修的。殿内正中供奉七尊造像。一佛二弟子二菩萨二供养天人共七尊。主佛释迦牟尼佛，坐须弥座上，像高2.4米，据说这是他不语说法时的样子。大佛胸口的字符表示大佛“福德无量”。释迦牟尼左侧为大弟子摩汤珈叶，在这次“不语说法”中，惟有他懂得佛祖的真正用意，从而破颜微笑，后被推为释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一，中国禅宗推举他为在印度传承佛法的第一代祖师。在侧为大弟子阿难，他博闻强识，被称“多闻第一”，中国禅宗推举他为在印度传承佛法的第二代祖师。珈叶左侧为文殊菩萨，右手持经书《般若经》以知识渊博，聪明智慧著称，阿难右侧为普贤菩萨，手持如意钩，德阳行圆满，功过天地，以“行愿”著称。释迦牟尼与文殊，普贤菩萨合称“释迦三圣”。东西待立的两位供养天人，手持鲜花，体态娇娜，也称“散花天女”，在大佛讲经时，供养天人在高高的天上，纷纷散花，“天花乱坠”由此而来。还告诉大家的是大佛殿东南角是一口重2500斤的明代大钟，殿西南角为大法鼓。现在请大家随我进入下一个殿——大雄殿。

朋友们，现在我们看到的便是第三重殿——大雄殿。本为元代

所建是明清重修的。佛龛内的三尊圣佛，皆盘双膝于莲花座中，正中为释迦牟尼佛，尊称大雄，即像大力士那样神通广大，法力无边。给人以庄严圣洁之感。释迦牟尼左侧为东方“净琉璃世界的药师佛，右侧为西方”极乐世界“的教主阿弥陀佛，三尊佛左右相对韦驮，韦力二位护法神，殿内两侧供置”十八罗汉“。值得一提的是：大雄空殿的三主佛，二天将，十八罗汉都是元代造像与天王殿的弥勒佛共24尊，是1973年从北京故宫慈宁宫大佛堂调入的，采用夹干漆造像工艺，为传世文物瑰宝。其中十八罗汉为国内仅存一套是白马寺等之宝。殿内天相月上，画有鲜艳的莲花图案，殿中央的木雕贴金，双层佛龛。在上层龛额正中，浮雕着一只大鹏金翅鸟。佛教传说，大鹏金翅鸟的两侧，还各有三条龙，大鹏鸟喜欢吃龙，龙万般无奈，只好找如来佛祖告状，如来从身上所披加沙上抽出一束丝，用一根丝覆盖一条龙。从此，龙爱如来保护，不再担心爱大鹏鸟的伤害了。如来又运用神通，让贡品变化无限多，让贡品代替龙，满足了大鹏鸟的要求，实现双赢，龙鸟皆大欢喜，佛龛上的图案，大概也就勇于这个故事。现在请各位随我进入接引殿。

据说佛教徒修行到一定程度，有一定功课，可由阿弥陀佛接引到西方极乐世界。正中主佛为阿弥陀佛，右手向前作接引状，左手指西方“极乐世界“两侧分别为观音和大势至菩萨，他们三个合称”西方三圣“，为清代泥塑。接引殿在日治年间毁于火灾，光绪年间重建，是白马寺最晚最小的建筑。

现在请各位随我一起登上清凉台，相传汉明帝刘庄小时候曾在此避暑，后来二位印度高僧在此居住，并译经传教，《四十二章经》就在此译出。现在我们来到的是白马寺最后一重殿眦卢阁。整个台上以眦卢阁为中心，周围配僧房和廊庑等，构成一个封闭式院落，为明代重修，殿内佛坛上中间为眦卢遮那佛，意为“大日佛“，象征的是光明普照，佛法广大无边，眦卢佛是佛教中一具重要教派密宗所信奉最高的神。两侧为观音和大势至菩萨，他们三个合称“华严三圣”，清凉台两侧建有藏经阁和法空阁，分别供奉泰国送的中华吉佛和印度前拉奥赠送的释迦牟尼铜像。朋友，导游讲解到此结束，谢谢大家。现在给大家15分钟自由活动进间，15分钟后大门口集合，请大家抓紧时间。好了，自由活动吧!

城墙本是战争的产物，平逗人却偏偏喜欢给抹上一层浓浓的文化色彩.把象征文化星官的魁星楼修在丁城墙东南角上(指形状独特的魁星楼)。据统计，古城上共有3000个垛口、72废敌楼，那是象征着文圣人孔夫子的三千弟子七十二贤人。

乎遥俯视似龟形，历来有龟城之称.据说是取神龟寿水长存之意。全城六座城门，南门似头，城门和瓮城外门都向南.任龟首自由伸缩，北门似尾，瓮城外门拆而东向，好儡龟尾东甩：东西各二门似龟脚.三座瓮城外门拐向南开，好像神龟正续缓伸腿屈肢向前爬行，只有咱们刚才进来的下东门瓮城外门不向南拐而向东开，传说是伯神龟爬向别处，所以用一根无形的绳索把左后脚牢车地拴在城东Lo公里的麓台塔上，把这条腿都拉宜了。在南门外左右各有一口井，人们说那就是神龟的一对明亮的眼睛。在市中心，也就是龟心的位置，还修有一座市楼，就是我们看到的那座高踞众屋之上的楼，在市楼楼顶两坡上，还用黄、蓝两色琉璃瓦拼出双喜字相寿字，它充分体现了古城独特的文化氛围，表达了乎迢人民良好的愿望，这可以说是龟城城建构思的画龙点暗之作了。

乎迢城内文物众多，西南方向那一片覆盖琉璃的建筑，就是城因庙、财神庙建筑群，近处观看，可以见到它馆角高桃、群昂飞动、油漆彩绘的壮丽景色。在它附近很显眼的那座现代大楼是平适中学教学楼。文庙大成殿就在校园内，从这里看不清蔑。为保护原来的风貌，古城中一般是不准建楼的，干迢人却为学校破例修了一座教学楼，足见对教育的重视。平迢中学也不负众望，一直以优异的成绩保持着这所省级重点中学在省内的领先地位。

福州是一座拥有2200多年历史的名城。唐开元十三年（725年）设福州都督府始称福州。五代梁开平二年（908年）闽王王审知扩建城池，将风景秀丽的乌山、于山、屏山圈入城内，从此福州成为“山在城中，城在山中”的独特城市。“三山”成了福州的别名。

福州位于福建省东部闽江下游，是全省政治、经济、文化中心。全市总面积11968平方公里，其中市区总面积1043平方公里；总人口48O多万，其中城区人口116万。“因州北有福山”，故名福州，又因900多年前就遍植榕树，“绿阴满城，暑不张盖”，故又有“榕城”的美称。现辖鼓楼、台江、仓山、马尾、晋安五个区和福清、闽侯、罗源、连江、长乐、平潭、闽清、永泰等二市六县。居民以汉族为主，还有畲、满、苗、回等20多个少数民族。福州依山傍海，气候宜人，绿树常青，属暖湿的亚热带季风气候。年平均气温为19.6℃，最冷1月平均气温为10.5℃，最热7月平均气温为28.6℃，年均降水量1342.5毫米。最佳旅游季节为每年4～11月。市区内有闻名全国的温泉。

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊；七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地；白墙青瓦，结构严谨；房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘；骑竹马，过洪塘；洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返？”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

一、《剑阁铭》作者张载，字孟阳，湖北人，父张收在蜀郡任太守，张载于晋太康二年(公元281年)

到蜀中看望父亲，途经剑门，因感慨剑门雄险，而蜀人常恃险作乱，而作《剑阁铭》该诗四字成韵，共184字，它开创了第一以诗文的形式赞剑门之险，第一个记剑门之史，第一个叙剑门之事。同时在诗中提出了“兴实在德、险亦难恃”的观点，用我们现在的话说，就是要以德治国，益州刺史张敏读后，认为是天下奇文，上表晋武帝司马炎推荐，被铭刻于剑门山东向石壁上。

二、李白《蜀道难》(公元701-762年)是我国伟大的浪漫主义诗人，人称诗仙，字太白，号青莲居士，陇西成纪人，生于吉尔吉斯坦共和国，长于绵州昌隆县(今四川江油青莲镇)于十九岁游览剑门关，公元725年出蜀漫游，游遍了祖国名川大山，于公元730年在京都长安写下了《蜀道难》现被译为多国文字，在世界各地广为流传。

三、陆游《剑门道中遇微雨》公元1172年，陆游应四川宣抚史王炎邀请，入其幕僚为其抗金，后因朝庭调其任临安(浙江抗州市)枢密院，幕府解散，陆游改任成都府路安抚司参议官。十一月他离开南郑，踏上西去成都的旅程。陆游当年曾四次在剑门蜀道，因干办公务而往返，陆游先生一界书生投笔从，有志不能伸，象一个大病的人，在细雨中骑着一匹毛驴，穿着一袭青衫，借酒浇愁，衣衫上征尘酒痕历历在目，因而写下了这首快灸人口的佳作。

四、杜甫的《剑门诗》杜甫(公元712年-770年)字子美，号少陵，生于河南巩县，卒于湖南湘江的一条船上，杜甫出生在唐朝由盛转衰的转折时期，经历了唐玄宗、肃宗、代宗三朝，政治上不受重用，生活在社会下层，目睹了残酷的社会现实，创作了一千四百多首忧国忧民的诗歌，公元759年12月1日为避安史之乱，带领全家入蜀，途经剑门因而写了《剑门诗》。

自蜀王开明氏五丁开道，诸葛亮于公元231年建关设尉以来，剑门关就是一个非常雄险的古战场，历代兵家必争之地(经历了大规模的战争100多余次，平均不到20年就有一场战争)凡有志称王蜀中者，必须攻下的天险，所以有“攻下剑门关，犹如得四川”的说法，纵观剑门战争史，只有三次从小路迂回攻破剑门，于是守关者说：“一关失，半川没”。

对面就是解放军总政后勤部《中华雄关》摄制组说的“潼关有土无石，剑门有石无土，山是一块巨石，石是一座大山”的雄关天堑了。西边是金城山(上有一道观临绝壁而建名仙峰观)，东向是营盘嘴又名姜

维城，两崖相向，构成剑门关的关口。古之关口，上宽150米左右，底宽50米。中建一座关楼。沧桑巨变，一千七百年前，诸葛亮当年立石为门的“门”历代相继设关的“关”，均以化为战火尘烟。清代最后一次修建筑的关楼(由当时的四川总督陈谟回京述职时倡仪于乾隆二十五年八月初十动工，次年三月初三完工)老人们记忆犹新：过往人马，从北而来，必闯关而过，踏步步石阶而上，始至关楼前沿，石砌楼座正中，有拱券门洞，开木门两扇。门扉护以铁皮，乳钉突起，各九九八十一颗，置剑楼两层于楼座之上，重檐歇山造，翼角凌空，气宇轩昂，檐下匾题“天下雄关”四个金色大字，无不令人嗟叹汗颜!可惜于1935年修川陕公路时被毁。也是是在这里，历史上五位大诗人以同一首《蜀道难》讴歌剑门。最早的是距今1400多年“南梁”的张忄宗“梁山镇地险，积石阻云端。深谷下寥廓，层岩上郁盘。飞梁架绝岭，栈道接危峦。揽辔独长息，方知斯路难。”第二首是公元550年简文帝箫纲的“巫山七百里，巴水三回曲。笛声下复高，猿啼断还续。”第三首是南朝陈代的阴铿的“王尊奉汉朝，灵关不惮遥。高眠长有雪，阴栈屡经烧。轮摧九折路，骑阻七星桥。蜀道如此险，功名讵可要!”第四首就是最有名，影响最深远的唐朝诗仙李白的“噫吁兮，危乎高哉!蜀道之难，难于上青天......剑阁峥嵘而崔嵬，一夫当关，万夫莫开......”第五首是清朝初蜀诗人费锡璜的“金牛开九阪，陈宝出三秦。道绝惟通鸟，桥危不渡人。阴岩春积雪，虚壑夜疑神。故国终难到，题诗泪满巾。”

现在我们已来到剑门的标性建筑仿古关楼前了。这座关楼自1983年-1990年先后邀请重庆建工学院，南京工学院，省建设局三次选址五套方案。最后于1992年9月1日动工，次年6月28日建成，当时张中伟副省长在鞭炮声中剪断了彩绸。这座仿古关楼是原关楼平线东移80米，中轴线北偏东20度。其基础隐在12米深的地下，经过仿砾岩工艺处理，使之与周围环境浑然一体，不露人造痕迹。关楼主体，两层一底，楼高17.1米，底层用长80厘米，宽高各30厘米的细清石条一丁一顺，水泥座浆，错缝修筑，构成四面墙体。墙外用黄泥勾缝，泥中混合草籽，待到山花烂漫时，其绿草如茵，旧貌依稀，俨然久经风霜，石砌拱券门洞，拱高4.5米，宽3.06米，进深14米，南北贯通。上用三国时官方通用汉隶书体刻，“剑阁”二字(因诸葛亮在此修30里阁道，故称为剑阁，古之剑阁即今之剑门)。南向门联是流沙河先生一九九七年题写的“剑铸耕铧，戾气低沉祥气起;门迎览客，杀声远去笑声来”。二层横匾为沙孟海先生题写的“剑门天险”顶层由邑人题写的“眼底长安”。北向门联是古关楼遗联：首当要地，是为双剑之门;体若大邦，或应三刀夜梦。二层横匾是丹阳吴文华题的“天下雄关”、顶层横匾是邵宇题的“雄关天成”。关楼东侧

制高点，筑7.8米高的烽火台，四周有堞垛射孔，平战两用：平时可登台瞭望，观山赏景：战时可燃狼烟烽火，乃古代敌情联络信号，台与楼之间以城墙相连，有断有续，石级踏道，通达其间，成为关楼、城墙、烽火台、梯道为一体的古建筑群，总面积443.56平方米，整个建筑采用了“残、断、缺、旧”的仿古手法，使之新建如旧，断墙、残垣，为人们留下了对历史深沉的回顾，1966年4月20日中科院院长郭沫若游览剑门时，当时既无古关楼，也无今古关楼，只有108国道穿关而过(路比关楼低7米)，所以郭老题写了地名碑后赋诗说：剑门天失险，如砥坦途通......。

站在关楼上远眺七十二峰，共东向38峰，西向36峰，可欣赏“群峰齿尽黑，万砾色皆红”的美景了。我们脚下的游山道是1985年由县风景局修建，全长6公里，铺石阶7000余级，宽1-1.5米，我们将沿石阶而上，坡陡路险，请大家小心，注意安全。