武侯祠景点讲解导游词【20篇】

成都武侯祠现分文物区、园林区和锦里三部分，面积230亩(15万平方米)。根据武侯祠新的规划内容，武侯祠将对这三个区域进行更加合理的功能区划，分为三国历史遗迹区、锦里民俗区、三国文化体验区三大板块。

武侯祠同汉昭烈庙、刘备墓(惠陵)相毗连。整个武侯祠坐北朝南，主体建筑大门，二门，汉昭烈庙，过厅，武侯祠五重建筑，严格排列在从南到北的一条中轴线上。以刘备殿最高，建筑最为雄伟壮丽。武侯祠后还有三义庙、结义楼等建筑。

文物区主要由惠陵、汉昭烈庙和武侯祠三部分组成，祠庙现存主体建筑(除惠陵)均为清康熙十一年(公元1672年)重建，坐北朝南，排列在一条中轴线上，依次为大门、二门、汉昭烈庙、过厅、武侯祠以及迁建的三义庙和新建的结义楼，共七重。祠内供奉刘备、诸葛亮等蜀汉英雄塑像50余尊，唐及后代碑刻50余通，匾额、楹联70多块，尤以唐“三绝碑”、清“攻心”联最为著名。

所有街巷均以黟县青石铺地，古建筑为木结构、砖墙维护，木雕、石雕、砖雕丰富多彩，巷道、溪流、建筑布局相宜。村落空间变化韵味有致，建筑色调朴素淡雅，体现了皖南古村落人居环境营造方面的杰出才能和成就，具有很高的历史、艺术、科学价值。西递村被世人称为明、清古建博物馆。

西递村是一处以宗族血缘关系为纽带，胡姓聚族而居的古村落，该村源于公元11世纪，发展鼎盛于14-19世纪。20世纪初，随着我国封建宗法制度的解体，西递村的发展也日趋缓慢。由于历史上较少受到战乱的侵袭，也未受到经济发展的冲击，村落原始形态保存完好，始终保持着历史发展的真实性和完整性。现保存的明、清古民居124幢，祠堂3幢，均已列为安徽省重点文物保护单位。1999年西递村被国家确定为世界文化遗产申报单位，向联合国教科文组织提出申报，并通过了专家评估考察。

漠河县位于大兴安岭北麓，黑龙江上游南岸，中国的最北端，地理坐标为东经 121°07′至124°20′，北纬52°10′至53°33′是我国纬度最高的县份。1981的国务院正式批准建县，漠河县总面积18223平方公里，境内有汉、蒙、回、满、朝鲜、鄂温克、鄂伦春、锡伯、土家等11个民族，人口已逾十万。全县有西林吉、图强、劲涛、兴安4个镇，漠河1个乡，8个村民委员会，35个自然屯。西林吉镇是中共漠河县委，县政府所在地，也是全县政治、经济、文化的中心。境内有3个中央部属林业企业，1个地属煤矿企业。在历史上漠河一带，到明末清初属索伦部居住区，除达斡尔、鄂温克、鄂伦春等少数民族游猎民众外。尚无定居者，1860年(清咸丰十年)老沟河谷发现金苗。随着采金人口的增多，漠河逐渐有人开始定居。1920___年(民国元年)，总卡衙门对漠河街内人口进行统计(因金矿人口不定超级次统计不含矿区人数)，有居民51户，465人。到1953年，全国第一次人口普查时，境内人口为706人。1990年，全国第四次人口普查统计，全县有22202户，其中：家庭户口21857户，集体345户;总人口84983人。全县平均每户3.8人，人口密度每平方公里4.7人。民族构成主要有汉、满、蒙古、朝鲜、回、锡伯、达斡尔、鄂伦春、鄂温克、俄罗斯、土、苗、畲等13个民族，以汉族人为主体，占人口主要分布在西林吉镇、图强镇、劲涛镇、漠河乡、兴安乡，其余分布在各林场和自然村中。

漠河自清以来，在百余年的社会发展中，历代在漠河境内生活的居民，以汉族人口为主体，间有少数民族杂居，在各民族交往中，通用汉族语言，操普通话。但在不同的历史环境和不同的民族中仍有便用本民族语言的习惯。在漠河百余年的社会发展中主要有鄂伦春、鄂温克、朝鲜、俄罗斯、蒙古、达斡尔和满族等7种少数民族的语言。由于民族的不同，各民族间也有着不同的宗教信仰。漠河县主要有道教、佛教、伊斯兰教、天主教、东正教、萨满教、家里教。县城为伊斯兰教回民穆斯林聚居活动中心，解放前，本县自然灾害和兵燹匪患频繁，深受其害的边疆人民，把摆脱苦难的希望寄托于神灵保佑，作为精神寄托，自清代漠河开发建设以来，大批关内流民渐次来到漠河谋生，弃妻室、抛儿女、孤身于荒凉僻野之地，来者将各自信仰的宗教随之带入漠河。统治者便利用各种宗教作为其统治，麻痹和控制人民的重要手段，各教的传入和发展，多以民间活动为主。

Good morning, everyone! Now, I will take you to visit Wuhou Ci, which islocated in WoLonggang, the western suburb of Nanyang city. The temple of marquisWu in Nanyang, also known as Zhuge cottage, is the former site of Zhuge Liang, afamous statesman and militarist in the Three Kingdoms period, who "worked hardin Nanyang". The place where uncle Liu visited three times in those days wasalso the place where people in the past dynasties paid homage to and sacrificedZhuge Liang.

Zhuge Liang (181-234), with the name of Kongming, was born in Yangdu,Langya County, Shandong Province (now the south of Yishui County, ShandongProvince) in the late Han Dynasty. He lost his father when he was young, andthen went to Mu Liubiao in Jingzhou with his uncle zhugexuan. After Zhuge Xuansdeath, Zhuge Liang and his younger brother Zhuge all worked in Jielu,WoLonggang, Nanyang, and lived a life of cloth clothes that "lived in troubledtimes and did not seek fame and fame from Princes". However, he made friendswith famous people all over the world. He was full of wisdom and goodintentions. He lived in seclusion and pursued ambition. Mr. pound, a famousscholar at that time, compared him to a "Wolong" waiting for time to take off.In 207, Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei paid homage to Zhuge Liang in Maolu.Since then, Zhuge Liang, 27, left WoLonggang, where he had been working for tenyears, and joined Liu Beis political group. Later, he became the Prime Ministerof Shu Han and became the Marquis of Wuxiang. After his death, he became loyalto the marquis. Therefore, Zhuge Liangs ancestral temple is called "MarquisTemple".

According to the records of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, WuhouTemple was built in the late Wei and Jin Dynasties. Through the continuousrepair and construction of generations, it has formed its present scale. Today,we see Wuhou Temple, covering an area of more than 200 mu, with more than 150halls, more than 70 procuratorial couplets and more than 300 inscriptions. It isthe largest ancient architectural complex in memory of Zhuge Liang in China.Todays Wuhou Temple maintains the layout style of the yuan and Ming Dynasties,and its wooden buildings are mostly rebuilt or added in the Ming and QingDynasties. The ancestral temple is built in accordance with the hillock, withBaihe River in the South and Zishan mountain in the north. The courtyard issurrounded by bamboo trees, pines and cypresses, clear water and pleasantscenery. The beautiful natural scenery and popular cultural landscape complementeach other, making people forget to return.

Well, members of the group, now we have come to the population of WuhouTemple. Look at this "Eternal Dragon" stone square, which is 9 meters high and13.5 meters wide. It has three doors and four columns and is full of carvings."Eternal Dragon" means that Zhuge Liang is the dragon among the people,metaphorically WoLonggang is the land of Hidden Dragon and crouching tiger. Youcan see that the second Daofang is called "Sangu Fang". It was set up during thereign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. On both sides, it is engravedwith "Sangu Chu, Emperor zhaolie of the Han Dynasty" and "true God Man". It isto commemorate Liu Beis three talents. It is because of Liu Beis sincereconsideration that Zhuge Liang left WoLonggang, where he had lived in seclusionfor ten years, to assist Liu Bei. He devoted his whole life to the army anddied. Only when he died, could Liu Bei divide the world into three parts andachieve the imperial career. Therefore, Zhuge Liangs achievements areunparalleled. Liu Beis respect for knowledge and talents is real, not justverbal. This advantage is really worth learning from some of our leaders today!The three words "true God and man" come from Su Shis eulogy of Zhuge Liang:"man, God, immortal, I dont know, true Wolong." Take a look at wolongtan in thenorth of Shifang. There are three ancient catalpa trees on those sides. It issaid that they were the trees that Liu, Mei and Zhang Sangu used to tie horsesin those days. Now there is another one. Guess whos horse was tied to the treesmore than 1700 years ago?

Through sangufang and Xianren bridge, this road leads to the mountain gate.The mountain gate is the main gate of Wuhou Temple, which is simple anddignified. The three characters "Wuhou Temple" engraved on the stone plaque onthe forehead of the central gate are inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo. After themountain gate, the first courtyard to enter Wuhou Temple is spacious, withancient cypresses covering the sun and green bricks covering the ground, whichis simple and natural. The stone square of "three generations of talents" on thecorridor in the courtyard corresponds to the hall of worship. This is to praiseZhuge Liangs talent and moral character, which can be compared with Yiyin, LVShang, Fu Shuo and so on. Lets turn around and look at the four big charactersof "master of military strategy". Military strategy originally refers to theancient Chinese military books and military tactics, and later used to refer tomilitary tactics. Here is also a praise for Zhuge Liangs military strategy.

Members, this is the hall of worship, which is the main building of WuhouTemple. At the main entrance of the Dabai hall, there is a plaque in the runningscript of Liao Wenjin, the magistrate of Nanyang in the third year of Daoguangreign of the Qing Dynasty (1823). Inside the hall, there is a statue of Kongmingduan sitting on the front. He has a silk napkin and a feather fan, and hisdemeanor is solemn. It is the typical costume of the hermit Confucians in thelate Eastern Han Dynasty. On the left is his eldest son Zhuge Zhan, and on theright is his eldest grandson Zhuge Shang. The pillars under the eaves of thehall are covered with couplets and plaques of celebrities and poets of pastdynasties, which are full of the worlds respect and admiration for ZhugeLiang.

Look at this pair: "Lv Panxi yixinye King Zuo Qis talent has been followedby Wan Langyas winner, Chang Jing Lun Bu Huan, and Qi Baos uncle Zheng Zipisholy gates promise is also in line with Xu Yuans direct view of the virtuousand able peoples efforts.". This couplet eulogizes LV Shang, Yi Yin, Guan Zhongand Zhuge Liang, who can help the emperor to turn the tide and run the country.It also eulogizes Bo Le, who recommends talented people like Bao Shuya, ZhengZipi and Xu Yuanzhi. It has profound implications and enlightens people.

Look at this pair: "standing between Xinye and Weibin, I read that I was amaster of two dynasties. I was surprised by Sima. Jielu was singing Liangsfather in the white water of Zifeng. The wind and cloud rose from Wolong forthousands of years." Here, product refers to grade and grade.

Xinye Weibin refers to Yiyin and lvshang when they lived in seclusion. Thetwo dynasties refer to Liu Bei and Liu Chan. Jing Sima refers to the use ofwooden statues after Zhuge Liangs death, which made Sima Yi dejected. In thesecond couplet, Zifeng Baishui refers to Zishan and Baihe in the suburbs ofNanyang. Qu Yin, Liang Fu, or Yinyong, tells the story of Qi Xiangman Yingkilling three scholars with two peaches. It is said that it was written by ZhugeLiang. This couplet fully praises Zhuge Liangs lofty integrity and greatachievements. When he lived in seclusion, he was indifferent to his ambition,quiet and farsighted, which could be compared with the noble behavior of Yiyinand lvshang. He built the thatched cottage at the foot of Zishan mountain andthe Bank of Baihe River. He compared himself with Guan Zhong and Leyi, andpeople like Jiang Ziya and Zhang Zifang, who had been prosperous for 800 yearsin Zhou Dynasty and 400 years in WangHan Dynasty I know that "thatched cottagepair" talks about the worlds situation and strategic decision-making, whichshows his political foresight and great talent; how strong and fierce his mindis, moving tears! With the spirit of dedicating himself to death, he helped thetwo emperors to establish the great cause of Shuhan.

Just imagine that it was Liu, Guan and Zhang who came here to look afterthe cottage that led to Zhuge Liangs official career and the magnificent andcolorful history of the war of the Three Kingdoms. Despite thousands of years ofvicissitudes and vicissitudes, Zhuges great name is still in the universe, andthe stories of the three kingdoms are popular all over the world. Zhuge Liangspolitical, military and governing strategies are the precious spiritual wealthof the Chinese nation. Zhuge Liangs immortal reputation is always worthy ofpeoples memory. At this moment, standing in the temple of marquis Wu andremembering the great cause of Kong Mings life, why dont we go back to ancienttimes and think about the time when Zhuge Liang lived in seclusion inwolonggangtou, Nanyang, studied hard history books, looked around the world, setgreat ambitions and cared about the peoples livelihood, and spent his youthhere. In the last years of the Shu Han Dynasty, however, there was a Dou whocould not support him. In addition, his national strength was poor. AlthoughZhuge Liang was determined to unite the Central Plains, he went out of the QiMountain six times, but he could not sing alone. Whats more, he lamented thathe died of illness after a long hard work. Later generations think about it, allof them feel regret. Just as Du Fu said in his poem, "if you look at the worldfrequently, you will benefit the old ministers in the two dynasties.". Beforeyou succeed, you will die first. "The heart is in the court. No matter what theleader is, why should you argue about Xiangyang and Nanyang?"

This is a famous couplet written by Gu Jiaheng in Qing Dynasty. The firstcouplet says that Zhuge Liang is dedicated to the country, regardless of whetherthe monarch is the wise Liu Bei or the fatuous a Bandou. The second couplet saysthat Zhuge Liang is famous forever and praises the world. Why should wedistinguish between Xiangyang and Nanyang? This is a historical "case". It turnsout that Zhuge Liang recalled that he said before he left the thatched cottage:"Chen Ben Bu Yi, devoted himself to farming in Nanyang", but there was another"Longzhong Dui", which was in Xiangyang, Hubei Province.

As a result, both Nanyang people and Xiangyang people said that Zhuge Lianglived in seclusion in his hometown. Scholars quoted classics one after anotherand refused to give in to each other. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there wasa lawsuit. Gu Jiaheng, a native of Hubei Province, was also the magistrate ofNanyang, Henan Province at that time. In order not to offend the people of hishometown, but also not to stab the official land, he had to come to "he xianni"and wrote down this pair of eclectic couplets riding on the wall, askingeveryone not to divide Nanyang and Xiangyang, thus alleviating a long-standingdispute. Therefore, this pair of couplets became famous for peoples recitation.In 1959, Hu Yao, then Secretary of the Secretariat of the Central Committee ofthe Communist Youth League, came to Nanyang to inspect his work. He appreciatedthe couplet and changed it into a couplet: "the heart lies in the people. Nomatter what the big or small things are, why should we fight for more or less?"The new content given to the revolution by the old form of the ancient namecouplet fully embodies the broad mind and noble sentiment of Comrade Hu Yao, therevolutionist of the older generation.

It seems that up to now, Gu Jiahengs couplet still gives us usefulenlightenment. In addition, there are many famous couplets in Wuhou Temple, mostof which praise Zhuge Liangs talent and virtue. If these couplets are puttogether and analyzed vertically and horizontally, it can be said to be an epicof the Three Kingdoms. Such as this pair: set three points, burn Bowang, go outof Qishan, immortal; Qi zhouyu, Ping Sima, capture Menghuo, spread from ancientto modern. There is also a wonderful couplet: collect two rivers, set up eightformations, seven capture and six out. Wuzhang originally set up 49 brightlights, only for the sake of kindness; take western Shu, attack Southernbarbarians, and refuse to the East and the north. The Chinese Armys account issealed with gold, wood and earth, and the water surface can be attacked by fire.The first couplet skillfully uses one, two, three, four, five, six, seven,eight, nine, and ten numbers. The second couplet flexibly uses 10 characters,including East, West, north, South, middle, gold, wood, water, fire, earth, andthe whole couplet contains 54 characters. It succinctly expounds Zhuge Liangslife of fighting, which helped Liu Bei and his son to fight in the army after heleft the thatched cottage.

Please come here with me to visit the calligraphy of Yue Fei. This iscomposed of 2l stone tablets. They are exquisitely carved and very spectacular.Chushibiao is Zhuge Liangs memorial to Liu Chan in the fifth year of Jianxing(227 years). It describes his loyalty thought of "devoting all his efforts" torevive the Han Dynasty. It has become an eternal masterpiece with strong appeal.In 1138, Yue Fei, a famous general of the Southern Song Dynasty who foughtagainst Jin Dynasty, passed by Nanyang on his way to fight against Jin Dynasty.After watching chushibiao, he was moved to tears by Zhuge Liangs spirit ofworking hard and dying. He could not sleep at night. He was filled with emotion.Later, at the request of Taoist, he wrote more than 1300 words of chushibiao inone go Recite and write to express your mind. Its characters are iron andsilver, and the Dragon flies and the Phoenix dances. It is natural and graceful,unrestrained and incisive, which shows the superb art of calligraphy. Today,when we visit Wuhou Temple and watch chushibiao, we can not only see Kong Mingsmind and ambition, but also appreciate Yue Feis calligraphy. Its a greatblessing in this life.

Now we go up the steps around the main hall and enter a quiet and beautifulcourtyard. The courtyard is surrounded by ancient trees, flowers and cypresses.This octagonal building is the world-famous Zhuge cottage. The thatched cottageis of brick and wood structure, covered with thatch and connected withcloisters, which is simple and crude. A stone tablet in 1478, the 14th year ofChenghua of Ming Dynasty, was erected in lunei. On the front of the stele, sevencharacters were engraved with "the old Lu of Zhuge and Kongming of Han Dynasty".A plaque written by Mr. Guo Moruo and the Democratic Party yuan Laoyu was hungin lunei and on the forehead. The eight corners of the thatched cottage are setup and eight wind chimes are hung, with a unique style. Whenever the wind blowsgently, the wind chimes jingle, as if telling a story that has been passed downthrough the ages. We can have a close view of the surrounding scenery when wetake a rest in the Lu. The ancients once said that there are eight scenes in oneLu. Eight of the ten scenes in WoLonggang can be seen here: Gubai Pavilion,yeyundi, banyuetai, Gonggeng Pavilion, Xiaohong bridge, Baoxi stone, Laolongcave, etc., which are built around the Lu, forming the trend of many starsarching the moon. Although these scenic spots are located in the same courtyard,there is no sense of congestion and embarrassment. The steles and corridors areconnected with each other. They are opposite to each other, forming a beautifuland quiet garden scenery. When you move, you can guide the scenery, showing thesuperb gardening art of the ancients.

At the right back of the thatched cottage, it is a brick and stonestructure with a table structure. The plane is square and the height is aboutseveral feet. It can spiral up along the stairway. There is a brick wall patternplatform on it. You can watch the sky from a distance by relying on the railing.Zhuge Liang, who knew astronomy and geography, was good at making use of naturalphenomena such as wind, rain and fog to serve the war. Folk stories such asgrass boat borrowing arrows and offering sacrifices to the east wind were wellknown to women and children. There is a poem in the Qing Dynasty praising it:"the moon in the Han Dynasty is hollowed out to show the blue sky. With a highview, you can see the cold smoke. You can see the water in the forest and waitfor the full moon." The front of the platform is a semi-circular brick gate withthree characters of "banyuetai" written by Gu Jiaheng embedded on it and a halfmoon pattern on the side. On both sides, it is engraved with the couplet "sincethe universe, how many cloth clothes can make the mountains and rivers colorful?Whats wrong with the humble room?" which evolved from Liu Yuxis "this is thehumble room, only my Dexin" and "zhugelu in Nanyang, Ziyun Pavilion in Xishu,Confucius said: what is the humble room.".

Dear tourists, now we come to Ningyuan building, also known as Qingfengbuilding. Sitting at the end of the central axis, it is the highest building ofthe whole temple. It is said that it is the former site of Zhuge Liangs studywhen he lived in seclusion in Nanyang. The name of the building comes from"quiet Zhiyuan". The plaque of "eternal cloud" originated from Du Fus poem "Odeto historic sites": "the great name of Zhuge falls down to the universe, theportraits of Zong Chen are lofty, the three separate regimes are fiber planning,and the eternal cloud has a feather." On the doorpost hung a famous coupletwritten by Zhao fan, the salt tea envoy of Sichuan in the Qing Dynasty, at WuhouTemple in Chengdu: "if you can attack the heart, the opposite will disappear.Since ancient times, you know that soldiers are not belligerent. If you dontjudge the situation, you will be lenient and strict. You have to think deeplyabout how to govern Sichuan."

When Zhuge Liang was in the southern expedition, Ma Shi once suggested that"attack the heart first, attack the city first, fight the heart first, and fightthe Army second". Zhuge Liang adopted this suggestion, and captured and releasedMeng Huo seven times, which had a soothing effect. Leniency and strictness arethe focus of Zhuge Liangs Dafa Zhengshu. After Zhuge Liang helped Liu Bei toestablish his political power in Shu, he carried out severe rule of law andcarried out various reforms in accordance with the situation of "Liu Zhang wasweak in the dark, and the punishment was not severe" and "the local people ofShu were in a state of dictatorship". At that time, the prefect of Sichuanthought Zhuge Liangs "criminal law was severe" and suggested Zhuge Liangs"punishment should be relaxed" according to Liu Bangs lenient punishment whenhe entered Sichuan. Zhuge Liang analyzed the history and wrote the book of replyto the law according to the situation. He pointed out that according to theactual situation, we cant copy the lenient punishment of the people of Sichuan,and advocated that the rule of law should be strictly implemented according tothe situation of Yizhou at that time. Lianwen spoke highly of Zhuge Liang andemphasized the importance of judging the situation. This couplet isthought-provoking and full of profound and vivid dialectic thoughts of unity ofopposites, such as positive and negative, leniency and strictness, harmony andwar, cultural administration and martial arts. Therefore, Mao Zedong highlypraised this couplet and praised it as a thought-provoking "administrativechapter" and "public security policy".

Now, lets take a look at Sangu temple. The couplet of "two watches rewardthree looks, a pair of feet for thousands of years" is hung on the gate post ofSangu temple. In the temple, the cypress stands upright, the grass is as greenas fungus, the courtyard is vast and deep, and the surrounding walls are coveredwith inscriptions, which is known as "stele wall". In the hall, there are goldstatues of Guan Yu and Zhang Fei. Guan Yu has red face and Phoenix eyes. He hasbeautiful beard and chest. He is calm and relaxed. He is majestic. Zhang Feisface is dark. He has leopard head and eyes. He has swallow jaw and tiger beard.He is impatient. When it comes to Zhang Fei, he is not a politician. He is notas far sighted as Liu Bei. He does not see the value of Zhuge Liang. When helooked at the hut, he didnt see Kong Ming. He said, "since I didnt see him, Iwill go back." He didnt complain. His performance was fair and reasonable. WhenLiu Bei was ready for the second visit, Zhang Fei said, "measure a villager. Whyshould my elder brother go by himself? He can be called here." Liu Beiscriticism

蒙山大佛：蒙山在太原西南约20公里处，晋祠以北的寺底村，主峰高1325米，蒙山晓月为旧太原八景之一。北齐高洋帝于天保二年(551)将东魏大庄严寺扩建为开化寺，开凿了高200尺的摩崖大佛，称为西山大佛，比目前全国最大的乐山大佛略高。隋文帝时新建了庇盖大佛的殿阁，唐高宗和武则天曾来此礼佛，赐宫内袈裟。由于寺毁阁倾，大佛淹没于乱石瓦砾之中，仅见胸颈部分，胸宽25米，高17.5米，颈部直径宽五米。目前做为旅游资源正在规划开发之中。

蒙山大佛，也称晋阳西山大佛，是一尊位于山西省太原市晋源区寺底村西北的蒙山中的摩崖大佛，现为太原市文物保护单位。蒙山大佛开凿于北齐天保年间，本是蒙山开化寺后的摩崖佛像。唐高祖李渊、唐高宗李治与皇后武则天、后唐武皇帝李克用、后汉高祖刘知远都曾来此礼佛。元朝末年，蒙山大佛被毁。1980年的太原市地名普查中，蒙山大佛被重新发现，发现时佛头已不知去向，佛身埋在土石之中，风化严重。古籍记载，蒙山大佛高二百尺(合今制59米)。根据实际测量，蒙山大佛两腿底部至颈部高约30米，按比例估计原来的佛头高约10米，加上后世重修时补筑的基座高6米，蒙山大佛原本的高度大约为46米。20_年起，太原市对蒙山大佛进行了保护和开发，加固了佛身，并参考太原出土的北齐佛头新修了高12米的佛头。20_年10月，蒙山大佛景区向公众开放。

蒙山大佛本是开化寺后的佛像。开化寺建于北齐天保二年(公元559年)，北齐文宣帝高洋赐额“开化寺”。寺后凿石修路，在寺后一里处依山凿刻佛像，即蒙山大佛。当时太原被称为晋阳，是北齐王朝的陪都。北齐太祖高欢在此创业，击败尔朱荣，后来实际掌控东魏朝政，为北齐的建立打下基础。此后北齐各代帝王常往来于首都邺城和别都晋阳之间，相当重视对晋阳的建设。按照五代苏禹圭《重修蒙山开化寺庄严阁记》中的记载，《北齐书》等史料中北齐后主高纬“凿晋阳西山为大佛像，一夜然油万盆，光照宫内”说的就是蒙山开化寺大佛。因此，蒙山大佛有时也被称为“晋阳西山大佛”。

蒙山大佛开凿的年代存在争议。一种观点根据《永乐大典》中《太原志·太原县》的记载，认为蒙山大佛的开凿始于北齐天保二年。另一种观点根据明嘉靖《太原县志》、明成化《山西通志》的记载，认为蒙山大佛的开凿在开化寺建寺之后，即晚于天保二年。有研究者根据五代苏禹圭《重修蒙山开化寺庄严阁记》中所述“北齐文宣帝天保末年，凿石通蹊，依山刻像”，认为蒙山大佛的开凿始于天保十年(公元559年)。研究者据《北史》中后主高纬“凿晋阳西山为大佛像，一夜然油万盆，光照宫内”的记载，认定蒙山大佛完工于后主高纬时;又根据宋人记载中蒙山曾有北齐天统五年三月撰《蒙山碑》、《北史》天统五年三四月间北齐后主身在晋阳且有重要佛事举行，推定蒙山大佛的完工时间就是北齐天统五年(公元569年)。

蒙山大佛为利用陡直崖壁开凿而成，位于蒙山近山顶处。佛龛为摩崖敞口式，宽29.60米，进深17米，平面大约为半椭圆形。佛像头部已经遗失，山与颈部平齐，研究者推测当时此处很可能有自然突起的岩石，开凿时将它刻成佛头。佛像背后的山崖有大片平地上有寺院遗址，散落有残碎砖瓦，还有刻着“杭州天目山峰彻禅师”的断碣。蒙山大佛为单体佛像，龛内外没有胁侍像的遗迹。

大佛头部遗失。颈部直径5米，高2米余，有三条阴刻项线。颈部至腹部高22米，两肘间距22.70米。两肩平而宽，胸胛肥厚,身形壮硕。由于大佛的岩体为疏松的砂岩，风化、崩塌相当严重，佛像衣纹服饰已无法辨认。佛像的胸部存有若干排小方孔，据推测为重修大佛时留下的遗迹。佛像小臂长12米、宽2.80米，保存较为完好。佛像施禅定印。右手长3.10米，手掌及小指尚存;左手已残。两手之下为条石补砌的双腿，高3米，结跏趺坐式。腿下为条石台基。双腿和台基均为重修大佛时砌。研究者认为，佛像原来的坐姿虽未必是重修时的结跏趺坐，但是由两手的禅定印判断很可能就是结跏趺坐式。宿白根据清理前的遗迹推断蒙山大佛是倚坐的弥勒佛。然而，清理之后的佛像施禅定印，结跏趺坐，并不是倚坐的佛像。后来的研究者认为，蒙山大佛可能是释迦佛。理由之一是《重修蒙山开化寺庄严阁记》提到“成招提之胜因，侔释迦之真相”;另一个理由是北魏开凿的云冈石窟第20窟的释迦佛也施禅定印，结跏趺坐，与蒙山大佛相同。

蒙山大佛自双腿下部至颈高约30米。研究者按照双肩宽度18米估计佛像头部高度大约十米左右，即蒙山大佛通高为40米，加上后世重修时增砌的6米高的基座，总高度大约46米。这与史籍的记载有所不同。唐代的《冥报记辑书》记载蒙山开化寺大佛高二百尺。按唐代一尺合现代0.295米，唐代记载中蒙山大佛的高度为59米，比蒙山大佛的实际高度多十几米。一些媒体按现代一尺合0.33米计算，得出蒙山大佛的高度为66米;也有媒体计算为63米;还有媒体称蒙山大佛“通高(大佛站立高度)66米”。这些媒体由此认定，蒙山大佛比55米高的阿富汗巴米扬大佛还要高。甚至有媒体声称，蒙山大佛与乐山大佛、巴米扬大佛齐名，并根据三者的高度关系(认为蒙山大佛高66米)将蒙山大佛称为“世界第二大石佛”。

大佛前的平台上存有面阔三间(约15米)的建筑遗迹，门墩石和地栿尚在，研究者判断建筑年代可能晚于五代。建筑遗迹北面存有一龟趺，碑已失。佛龛西侧壁上存有若干小石洞，是修建佛阁时嵌入梁檩所用。大佛龛外东侧，崖面上还有一块摩崖碑刻和二个洞窟的遗存。摩崖碑刻大约处在大佛胸部的高度上，为长方形，高2.50米，宽1.85米，是预先雕刻成之后嵌在山崖上的，文字已漫漶不清，只能判断出刻的是佛经，无法确知是哪一部经。摩崖碑刻东侧的小窟高、宽都在1米左右，因岩石崩塌，此窟已被破坏。小窟的东边是一平面为方形的大窟，面阔2.97米，进深2.99米，高2.94米，四角攒尖顶。长方形的窟门高1.74米、宽0.97米、深0.52米，门两侧雕有石柱，石柱上雕出栌斗，栌斗之上是雕刻的阑额，阑额的斗栱为一斗三升式，柱间斗栱为人字形叉手。叉手为弧形，向外撇出，尾端微微上翘。结合四角攒尖顶、人字形叉手尾端上翘两个特征，研究者认为此窟可能开凿于北齐。窟内为素壁，并无龛像，属于禅窟，窟内残存有清康熙四十六年的题记。

另据《嘉靖太原县志》载：“法华寺在县西北十五里，北齐天保二年(551年)建，赐额开化，寺后凿石通蹊一里，依山刻佛像，隋仁寿初(620_年)建佛阁，改额净明。唐武德三年(620_年)李渊自守河东来游于禅之后，复改为开化寺。会昌甲子岁(844年)佛阁废毁，乾宁二年(895年)重修。宋淳化元年(990年)修释迦如来舍利塔二座，塔高二丈。元末(1368年)废毁，只存僧房舍利塔。明洪武十八年(1385年)晋恭王重建。”

五代后汉高祖刘知远称帝前，于后晋自运二年(945年)曾在此修建佛阁，名曰“庄严阁”，高五层，每层十三楹，将高200尺石刻大佛，庇盖于内，同时建“雁塔蜂台”，修“鹿苑鸡园”。大阁凌云，气势非凡，豪华之极。元至正二十八年(1368年)“庄严阁”等建筑塌毁，从此大佛便被掩埋于山石、残砖、碎石、泥沙之中。明晋恭王朱棡镇守太原，重修开化寺，实际是只修了前寺院，即现在的开化寺，后寺院未修，大佛亦因湮埋不为后人所知。

1980年太原市南郊区地名办公室在地名普查中，发现大佛遗迹。1982年顺势探索“大肚岩”一名的来历时，实地勘测实为大佛胸部，其高有五丈多，宽约8丈，头部尚未找到，仅现找到的颈部高达五尺，真经一丈五，胸以下部分仍埋于山石碎瓦斜坡中。整个大佛还有待发掘现已露面佛身及其周围发现的建筑遗迹，经与史籍记载相吻合。目前已引起国内有关史学界的关注。

安徽省简称“皖”，地处中国东部，位于东经114°54’- 119°37’和北纬29°31’-34°38’之间，紧靠以上海为中心的长江三角洲经济区，是临江近海的内陆省份，总面积13.96万平方公里，总人口6200万人。

安徽地貌类型多样，山地、丘陵、岗地、平原兼备，并且分布有广泛的水面，中国第一大河长江和第三大河淮河自西向东横贯全境，中国五大淡水湖之一--巢湖和其它众多湖泊分布于安徽中部，全省自北向南分为淮北平原、江淮丘岗、沿江平原、皖西山丘和皖南山丘等五个自然区。

安徽地处南暖温带与北亚热带过渡地区，属季风气候类型，气候温和湿润，四季分明，光热水资源丰富且雨热同季，并具明显的时空分布差异，加上多样的土地类型和丰富的森林、动植物和水产资源，适应农林牧渔业的多样化发展。

安徽不仅山河秀丽、物产丰富，而且文化璀璨、名人荟萃，曾孕育出老子、庄子、曹操、华陀等一大批杰出的历史文化名人;近现代也涌现出众多的文学家、哲学家、企业家及科学家，华人第一位物理学诺贝尔奖获得者杨振宁博士就出生在安徽。“物华天宝、人杰地灵”是对安徽的真实写照。

大家好!欢迎您来大同参加晋北古建宗教之旅!在这次旅程开始之前，我先给大家通报一下我们此行的线路和景点。我们首先要和大家一起领略塞外古城大同的风采，参观著名的云冈石窟、华严寺、善化寺、九龙壁;接下来，我们要参观的是著名的北岳恒山悬空寺，以及世界最古、最高的木塔——应县木塔;当然，我们还要登上华北屋脊，去朝拜中国四大佛教名山之首的文殊道场五台山，参观以佛光寺、显通寺为代表的五台古刹，感受那里清凉宜人的气候风光。

好的，我们的旅程已经开始了，现在，让我们先来了解一下中国历史文化名城——大同的概况。大同自古就是兵家必争之地，战国时期，这里是赵国的领地，汉代的时候设置平城县，北魏在此设立都城，辽代设西京道、大同府，大同之名首次出现，取《礼记》中“大道之行也，天下为公……是为大同”的含义，寄托着“同心同德，巩固基业”的美好愿望。大同市是山西省最北的城市，是全省第二大城市，面积1万4千平方公里，人口314万，下辖5区7县。这里地处黄土高原，海拔较高，大陆性气候较为明显，冬季漫长寒冷干燥，夏季短暂温热多雨，春秋凉爽温差较大。因此，处于同一纬度的北京每年超过30摄氏度的炎热天数达80多天，而大同仅为20多天，是一处得天独厚的避暑胜地。来到大同，虽然正值盛夏，但大家是不是感觉就像是初秋时节，特别的清爽凉快。

我们的右面是观音庙，观音庙的门前有一座流光溢彩的琉璃三龙壁。大同市著名的龙壁至城，除了全国最大、最古、最精彩的九龙壁，还有五龙壁、三龙壁、一龙壁，算得上是琳琅满目了。

大家请看，这面就是著名的晋华宫矿。作为“中国煤都”，大同在全国率先推出了别开生面的井下探秘游，您可以身穿矿工的行头，乘坐井下小火车，进入深达300米的地下王国去了解煤炭知识、观看采煤工艺和罕见的地质奇观。

好，过了佛字湾，云冈石窟就快到了。作为全国历史文化名城，大同最辉煌的时代就是北魏王朝，而最辉煌的文化遗产则是北魏王朝倾全国之力营建而成的云冈石窟，1520xx年过去了，北魏王朝早已烟消云散，而云冈石窟仍然笑迎八方来客，向全世界展示着一部雕刻在石头上的北魏史诗。

九华山，古称陵阳山、九子山，为“中国佛教四大名山”之一，位于安徽省池州市青阳县境内，素有“东南第一山”之称，传说因唐朝李白《望九华赠青阳韦仲堪》诗：“昔在九江上，遥望九华峰。天河挂绿水，秀出九芙蓉。”而更名为“九华山”。

九华山为皖南三大山系之一，主体是由花岗岩岩体组成的强烈断隆带。其边缘地区除部分为沉积岩外，大都是由花岗闪长岩组成的褶皱断块轻度隆起带。九华山地处北亚热带，不仅受到湿润季风的影响，而且受到山区海拔高度、地形地势的制约，所以具有温和、湿润、阴凉等山区气候特点。

九华山北俯长江，南望黄山，东临太平湖，西接池阳，绵亘一百余公里，主要有九十九峰，最高的十王峰海拔1342米。九华山区域总面积约120平方公里，大致呈南-北走向。

九华山自山麓至天台峰，名刹古寺林立，文物古迹众多，尚存化城寺、月身宝殿、慧居寺、百岁宫等古刹78座，佛像1500余尊，藏有明万历皇帝颁赐的圣旨、藏经及其它玉印、法器等文物1300余件。

拐到右边，我们看到的码头叫八店街码头，因处八店街当口而得名。当年这儿水运发达，货物的吞吐量是很大的。当地人也叫它是私奔码头，据说卓文君和司马相如月夜私奔时，为了躲开他父亲卓王孙在各个路口设置的关卡，就绕道从我们平乐水路顺流而下逃到成都的，从此演绎了一段千古爱情佳话，感兴趣的朋友一定要仔细看看。

接着往前走就来到了顺河街，这条街因顺河走向而得名。平乐的古街几乎全部沿江而建，整个格局呈鱼骨状，沿白沫江流向相平行的福惠街、长庆街、顺河街等街口节点多为水码头，便于货物的装卸和交易。

前面沿河上，大家可以看到许多建筑临江而建，房屋由柱脚从河里支撑或从岸边支撑起来，这样的建筑叫做吊角楼。平乐古镇建筑大都属于晚清时期建筑，保留了古镇明清建筑的风格。20__年以来，镇政府本着修旧如旧的原则，对部分已经破损不堪的建筑外观进行了简单修缮。平乐建筑风格可概况为：小青瓦，木本色，粉白墙和红砂石。

前面竖立有碑文记载的是渔市拐码头，相传是渔业行帮码头，昔时与别具特色的“木栈道”通连，接鱼市拐、联“台子坝”(古代社会活动中心)，白沫江渔户、成都渔贩聚集交易，极其热闹。不少成都渔商修房设栈，留下了风格独特的渔栈和码头。现存栓船桩眼、栓马铁环、号子灯桩、木栈道架孔、背负重物时上下的小石梯等足以令人遥想当年的繁华。

乐满地森林度假区位于兴安碧波旖旎的灵湖西岸的乐满地森林度假村，是国内风格独具的休闲型度假别墅区。整个度假村按照其功能划分为三个区：木屋区、露营平台区和森林游乐区。木屋区构成整个度假区的主线，宛若置身于童话世界美丽的城堡中。蜜月佳期的有情人在入住小木屋的那一刻，也就酝酿了属于人生另一个更精彩的童话。七十三座露营平台有我们儿时的梦想：独自背着行囊到一个遥远的国度，开辟一片属于自己的天空，邀请自己的族人，在星光点点的夜里，围着熊熊的篝火，尽情挥洒心中的热情......

木屋区 建有上、下二层的度假小木屋十余座,山崖别墅一座，其中小木屋是特聘欧美设计师依据欧式、日式二种不同的建筑风格，选用全天然优质木材搭建，木屋内部四星级酒店客房的装修一应俱全，为每一位入住的客人提供全方位服务。 阳光里，凭窗眺望，黄墙红瓦，碧波环绕;月光下，漫步林间，蛙鼓虫鸣，星月如练。正是这绝佳意境与齐备设施的完美融合，为您勾勒了一幅幽雅、闲逸、美伦美奂的休闲图画。

露营平台 则是风格迥异的开放型度假住宿区，全区建有全木质开放式露营平台73座，游人们三五成群，结伴露营，或在营火区点燃篝火，彻夜狂欢，或在平台前秉烛围坐，把酒邀月，自然纯朴的气息扑面而来，伴您渡过充满青春活力的多彩良霄。

紧邻露营平台区的是异彩纷呈的森林游乐区，其中匠心独具的亲水渠道，厚重古朴的壮乡风雨桥，曲径通幽的情人步道，灿烂璀璨的茶花谷，一线牵情的月老阁，更有惊心动魄的霹雳滑车、人工滑草场……每一处布局的点点滴滴都折射出整个项目精雕细琢折夺人光彩，再加上周围混然天成的自然景观，将整个森林度假村的独特魅力展现无余。

休闲旅馆 以五星极标准建成，占地100余亩，拥有368间高级客房，另设中西餐厅，商场， 9个可容纳 30-500人的会议厅及舞厅，KTV，SPA，娱乐室和室内外游泳池，网球场，烧烤区等综合设施。

主题乐园 特聘美国迪士尼乐园专家Magic Mountain设计，占地约 500亩全部采用进口设备，为类似美国迪士尼乐团的大型娱乐场所。共分六个主题区：欢乐中国城，美国大西部区，梦幻世界区，海盗村，南太平洋区及大岛区等，游乐设施及表演节目达50余项，是个老少咸宜的欢乐园地。

高尔夫俱乐部 本球场特聘美国专家GOLDEN LOUIS设计，为全广西最大的国际标准 18洞球场，标准杆 72杆，球道全长7084码。前九洞以山景为主，后九调以湖景为主，极富挑战性。另在本球场及市区均建有高尔夫练习场供球友练球。

各位团友，早上好!欢迎来到历史文化名城泉州,我是_旅行社的导游员_，我们的司机师傅姓杨，他是一位很经验的司机，他可以做到钥匙一插马达就响，车轮一动平安送到。今天我们将共同游览泉州开元寺，我们在这里游览的时间为1个小时，请大家11：00上车，请大家随我下车，关好车窗，代好您的贵重物品，

今天我们所到的泉州市是一座有20_多年历史的文化名城，泉州被誉为“世界宗教博物馆”，在这里，道教、伊斯兰教、儒教、_、佛教和平共处，这也体现了泉州人兼容的气度和宽阔的胸怀。今天我们参观的开元寺是一座最为突出、最具代表性的千年古刹。而开元寺的东西塔则是泉州古城的标志，我们泉州人常说：站着要像东西塔，躺着要像洛阳桥。可见东西塔在泉州人们心目中的重要地位。

开元寺始建于唐垂拱二年(公元686年)，距今已有1300多年的历史占地面积7.8平方米，是福建省最大的寺庙之一。好，各位团友，已经来到了开元寺内，在这里我想问问大家，远看这两座塔，大家猜它是用什么做的，啊!刚刚有人说像是木头做的，又有的说是像砖做的，也有的说是铜做的，那还是让我们到近处瞧瞧去，啊!大家都跑去摸呀，应该知道答案了吧，对它是用石头做的，但非常像木头做的，这座塔是仿木结构，特别是用花岗岩石表现仿木斗拱结构，是最具权威性的成就。这对姐妹塔，也是我国现存最高大的宋代石塔，也是泉州古城的标志，他可是一位历经风雨的老者，两塔最初皆为木塔，后毁于火灾，后又用砖，最后改建成现在的五层石塔，东西塔历经740多年风雨雷电以至8级大地震的摧撼，至今依然巍然，堪称石塔之冠。东塔“镇国塔”高48米多，西塔“仁寿塔”高45米多，当年，建塔的工匠们把东西塔，特别是东塔，每一层的八个面壁上，都嵌刻了如同真人一般大小的佛教人物浮雕。表面佛法的庄严。大家看东塔的的人物浮雕从他们的表情、发型、服饰、兵器、手势是如此形象，及细微处的衣服上的绦带都有有数十种花样，如果不是对生活的熟知，凭想象是设计不出来的。大家可以仔细地看塔身，我们可以看见菩萨、高僧、罗汉、神将、金刚等琳琅满目的人物浮雕，而今天我想给大家介绍不引起我们注意的在东西塔的须弥座转角位置上的16尊侏儒，别小年这些貌不惊人的畸形人，但他们智力不亚于常人，而且又有体力，所以古代的达官司贵人常把他们当作苦力来役使。中国的古建筑常在二根横梁之间竖一短柱作为支撑，因又矮又粗，所以叫做“侏儒柱”。《营造法式》一书中，也把这个建筑上的重要构件称作侏儒柱。在佛教造像艺术中，常把扛负须弥座的力士塑造成侏儒的形象。最早可以追溯到印度中央邦的桑奇大佛塔，塔上有一幅《阿育王礼佛》浮雕，画面上阿育王在宫廷侍女环绕之中，从跪伏的大象背上下来，准备去社拜释迦牟尼卒堵坡坡，他把匍匐在地的侏儒当作踏阶，于是侏儒托举负重，也就成为佛教建筑和造像艺术中常见的形象。泉州东西塔须弥座16尊侏儒，每尊只有30厘米高，采用的是深浮雕技法。这些侏儒大家看，个个都是矮矮墩墩、裸胸凸肚，他们各据一角，以身当柱，作出耸着肩，拱着背，顶托巨塔的姿势;有的穿无袖短衫，有的裤子滑在肚脐下，有的单膝跪地，有的半蹲半起，有的两手举托，有的双手撑膝，有的歪关侧脑，有的憋气运力，有的龇牙咧嘴，有的故扮鬼脸，有的满面苦相，一个个拚力卖命，不堪其重，每塔都有一个侏儒把拇指和食指放在嘴里作吹唿哨状，好像是个领头的，在指挥大家一起出力，这些没有生命的石雕侏儒，引人同情又使人揪心。他们比塔上的人物浮雕和须弥座的佛传图浮雕更富有艺术的魁力和深刻的思想。泉州东西塔须弥座的侏儒，不失为当时社会的写照，把侏儒的忍苦受罪的样子真实的表达出来了。泉州东西塔创造了具有宋朝那一个时代的造型艺术也可从这对姐妹塔中看出南宋时代的科技水平，近年东塔入选中国“四大宝塔”邮票发行。从布局来看，东西塔是开元寺建筑群的组成部分，从塔的自身来看，又是独立的建筑，也许可以说，开元寺就像是一壶好茶，需要慢慢品尝，细细回味，自有无穷余韵在心中。

好，各位团友，看完东西塔后，现在我们有15分钟照相时间，15分钟后，我们将继续参观开元寺，谢谢!

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

In hangzhou, there is a legendary famous scenic spot - the west lake. The west lake is a landscape, called "just". Looked from a distance, the greenery yiyi, carpet of flowers. Faint show pavilions in the woods, like a fairyland. Legend su dongpo when local officials in hangzhou, dig deep lake, let it grow more water and drought irrigation field. People later in the deepest place water set the three pagodas as deep water mark, this is the just now.

People in the expansion of the lake, dig out the mud heap became a long beach, is now the su causeway. If walking among them, as if back to ancient times. Great poet su dongpo was fascinated by the beauty of the west lake, in his "the drink attendance after the rain on the lake," a "to the west lake than west, c plus always right", and compare the west lake to xi shi, that is to say the west lake as beautiful as beauty, both in the sunny or rainy days are all the same.

Hangzhou is not only the jingmei, silk is also the world famous. Hangzhou cheongsam, it is with the finest silk carefully sewing together. A cheongsam at least take hundreds or thousands of silkworm cocoon, also explains the great contribution of silkworm.

Hangzhou silk by warm, soft. This is a masterpiece of the workers, they want the silk layers into a quilt, combined with a quilt. This kind of pure handmade quilt is one of the best, so also is very popular with people.

Hangzhou has a good place worth a visit, that is wuzhen. Wuzhen is a genuine water. On either side of the water is black and white tile brick build by laying bricks or stones into the house. Residents here by ship when transport... All this as I went back to the hundreds of years ago, back to the ancient times, was intoxicating.

Beautiful hangzhou! Let people linger!

各位游客朋友，大家好!欢迎大家来我们吉林省参观游览。吉林省简称“吉”，省会长春市，位于中国东北的中部，四季分明，气候宜人。全境总面积18.74万平方千米,约占全国总面积的百分之二，是东三省中面积最小的一个省份。吉林省版图呈现为东宽西窄的三角形，地势东高西低，山地、平原各据东西。山地约占全省面积的五分之三，平原约占全省面积的五分之二。自东向西依次是：长白山地、丘陵地带、山前台地、松辽平原。东部与俄罗斯接壤，东南部以图们江、鸭绿江为界，与朝鲜隔江相望，边境线总长1438.7千米。东部珲春市处于东北亚地理位置的几何中心点，距日本海15千米。边境最近处距俄罗斯的波谢特湾仅4千米。驻足珲春防川，可“一眼望三国”。吉林省人口约为2700万，有汉、朝鲜、蒙、满、回等46个民族，其中以满族、蒙古族和朝鲜族最具有特色。

各位游客朋友，吉林历史悠久，文化多样。早在4万年前，吉林境内就有人类繁衍生息。两汉、南北朝时期主要有夫余人、高句丽人、肃慎人。隋唐时期有肃慎人后裔建立的北方少数民族政权渤海国。辽、金、元、明时期有契丹族、女真族、蒙古族人在此生活。清朝时主要生活着满族、蒙古族和汉族人。吉林省是1920_年开始设省，民国成立后设行政辖区。1931年一八事变后沦为伪满洲国属地，被肢解为19省，吉林省当时仅辖一市一旗17个县。1948年末全境解放，省会设在吉林市，1954年迁至长春。吉林省省名源于吉林省的第二大城市吉林市，是全国唯——个以省内城市名字命名的省会。

各位游客朋友，吉林省水土资源丰富，工农业繁荣。境内有200多条30千米以上的河流，主要有松花江、图们江、鸭绿江、辽河及绥芬河等五大水系。湖泊成因类型很多，长白山天池是我国最高的火山口湖，松原的查干湖是我国十大淡水湖之一，松花湖是我国第二大人工湖，属于国家级风景名胜区。吉林省土地肥沃，资源充沛，素有“黄金玉米带”和“大豆”之乡的美称。亚洲最大的大成玉米基地便建在这里。目前，吉林省农业主要有四大产业，即种植业、林业、畜牧业、水产业。吉林省如今也是振兴东北老工业基地的重要环节，工业已经形成汽车行业、石化工业、食品加工业、医药工业、电子工业五大主导产业。

各位游客朋友，吉林省境内森林资源丰富，生物资源多种多样。吉林是我国重要的林区之一，森林面积占全省总面积的二分之一，木材产量居全国第二位。主要的观赏植物有长白美人松、通榆蒙古黄榆、包拉温都杏树林等。植被类型多种多样，草地资源肥沃，是全国八大牧区之一。有野生植物2700多种，可利用的药用滋补植物70多种，食用菌类80多种，有人参、灵芝、不老草、黑木耳，雪蛤，鹿茸等土特产品。其中人参产量居全国首位。陆生动物437种，珍贵的毛皮动物有梅花鹿、紫貂、东北虎、金钱豹等，名贵药源动物有马鹿、熊、田鸡、林蛙等。

各位游客朋友，吉林省旅游资源极为丰富。吉林省现有世界遗产一处：高句丽王城、王陵和贵族墓葬(与辽宁省共有);有国家AAAAA级旅游景区6家：长白山、伪满皇宫博物馆、净月潭、长影世纪城、六鼎山和南关区世界雕塑公园。吉林是全国首批生态省之一，境内有长白山、伊通火山群、向海湿地、莫莫格湿地四大国家级自然保护区，还有11个省级自然保护区。长白山因其自然环境和生态保存完整，已成为国家重点自然保护区，并纳人联合国“人与生物圈”保护网。此外尚有向海、莫莫格等自然保护区，皆为水草丰茂、珍禽集中之地，都是游览、滑雪、登山、疗养的好场所。松花江及松花湖沿岸景区的雾凇构成一个悬珠堆玉的世界，全国闻名。辉南、靖宇之间的龙岗火山群为中国第二大火山群，包括72座火山。文物古迹中以高句丽古国者最多，如集安县髙句丽都城“国内城”、广开土王碑及洞沟古墓群、吉林市龙潭山高句丽山城等，为了解高句丽历史提供了大量资料。而敦化县敖东城、六顶山墓则是渤海国的遗迹，长春伪皇宫是伪满洲国“皇帝”爱新觉罗溥仪的宫殿，吉林省的少数民族以朝鲜族人口最多，他们的服饰、居室别具特色。吉林还出产许多全国著名的土特产，除了东北三宝外，还有党参、黄柏、贝母、红景天、灵芝、黑木耳等。吉林菜讲究火候、善制野味、醇厚香浓、朴素实惠，著名的宴席有长白山珍宴、吉林全鹿宴、吉林雾凇宴、江城冰雪宴、饺子宴等，出名的菜点有清蒸白鱼、庆岭活鱼、人参鸡、鹿茸三珍汤、山菜全席等。另外，在吉林还能品尝到具有民族特色的小吃，如满族的“三套碗”、满族火锅、白肉血肠;有朝鲜族特色的冷面、打糕、狗肉汤等。

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到张家界旅游，我是你们的导游__。

天子山因明初土家族领袖、农民起义领袖向大坤自号“向王天子”而得名.

天子山景区，亦为省级自然保护区。位于武陵源风景名胜区西北部，总面积5400余公顷。原名青岩山。明初，土家族首领向大坤在此揭竿聚义，自号向王天子，部分景点命名与此传说有关。1983年7月15日，桑植县人民政府发文更名为天子山。

该景区交通畅达。自天子山上贺龙公园始，有公路经天子山镇、中湖乡、永定区教字垭镇直达张家界市城区，全程58公里;沿此条经张家界市区可达武陵源区人民政府驻地、张家界国家森林公园，里程分别为114.8公里、89公里。山顶公路与杨家寨景区、张家界国家森林公园袁家界小景区相通，全程20公里。从天子山农场往左经丁香溶有简易公路可去老屋场小景区。旅游旺季，有班车从贺龙公园开往桑植县城。此外，建有步行游道16代公里。

境内中部高，四周低，海拔800米以上为发育不成熟的石灰岩层，800米以下属厚度很大的石英砂岩层。最高峰天子峰，面北而峙，海拔1260米。立峰凭眺，见台地错列，石峰嶙峋，云雾缭绕，峰、峡、瀑、林遍布千山万壑。山顶、山腰台地突兀凌空，多达60余处，交错伸延，是天然观景台。现已开发石家檐、茶盘塌、老屋场、鸳鸯溪等4个小景区。尚有凤栖山、黄龙泉小景区待开发。

"谁人识得天子面，归来不看天下山。"凡到过天子山的人，对这些评价都是赞同的。天子山景观奇特，惊险万端。峰高、峰大、峰多，是它的一大特色。峰林之王的代表――御笔峰，它的雄姿，已在国内外多家报刊上展现.

在茶盘塔的西南侧，有一座海拔1200多米高的山峰，这就是“天子峰”。天子峰，看上去活象一位伟人，他坐在那里，身披铁甲，右手握箭，浓眉隆起，两眼怒视前方，似正要指挥千军万马出征，大战一场。这个形象就是人们传说的向王天子，所以取名叫“天子峰”。

天子山美景，春、夏、秋、冬四季不同，晨、昏、午、夜四时各异。霞光中的天子山，似一幅金碧辉煌、色彩亮丽的油画;月光下，错落有致的迷朦山峰，构成一幅水墨山水。春天山花灿烂，依红偎翠;冬日冰雪皑皑，银装素裹。乍晴乍雨或晨错交接之时，天子山云烟缭绕，或铺天盖地，或袅袅婷婷，静如薄纱笼罩，动则运天雪涌。

天子山位于“金三角”的最高处，素有“扩大的盆景，缩小的仙境”的美誉。天子山海拔最高1262.5米(昆仑峰)，最低534米(狮兰峪)。景区总面积67平方公里，环山游览线有45公里。年平均气温12℃，年降雨量1800毫升，年无霜期240天，年冰冻期60到80天左右。从天子山的地质地貌来看，除山顶上海拔几百米以上有一层石灰岩和极少量的龟纹石以外，大部分景区景点都是石英石构成，属砂岩峰林地貌，基本上与索溪峪，张家界相同，是三亿八千万年前由一片_大海逐步沉下来的沉积岩(水成岩)，后来，又由于复杂而漫长的成岩过程，才形成我们今天所见到的总厚度达五六百米的石英砂岩，形成了各种造型奇异的景观。

天子山自然保护区位于武陵源区东北部，桑植县东南边缘，与风景明珠张家界森林公园，十里画廊索溪峪，构成了一个品字形的风景区。天子山自然保护区的总面积为9000余公顷，近一百平方公里。境内最高点昆仑峰海拔1262.5米，最低点泗南峪，海拔534米。环山游览线有45公里。年平均气温12℃，年降雨量1800毫升，年无霜期240天，年冰冻期60至80天左右。

素有峰林之王美称的天子山，她的神奇，在于烟云缭绕的奇石危峰，如柱、如塔、如笋，低者数十米，高者数百米，雕镂百态。有屈子行吟，有姐妹私语，有夫妻情深，有众仙聚会、群娥起舞，有天兵出征等天然群像。天子山的得名，源于土家族起义首领向大坤。他曾引兵三万，自称向王天子，誓与朝廷抗衡。后激战数日，失败被围，大喝三声，从袁家界右侧神堂湾岩嘴上连人带马跳下，化成了天子坐朝等奇峰异石。至今神堂湾神秘莫测，纵深部位环列绝壁千仞，临崖，俯瞰，但觉阴气逼人，深不可知，从古到今，人迹罕至，无人揭示过她的秘密，只好寄想象于神话传说之中，给天子山拂上了一层神秘光彩。

由于山地势高，东南西三面都可观景，透视线长，画面宽阔，景观层次多。站在天子山观景，与黄石寨、金鞭溪的感觉不同。游黄石寨，您是与群峰对坐，与群峰平视;游金鞭溪，您是“人在画中”仰视高耸于溪两岸的群峰;而在天子山，则可俯视大千世界，您会生出“山上无山我独尊”的无限豪情。天子山有四大奇观：峰林、云海、日出、冬雪。一幅幅雄伟壮观、奇特迷人的景象，相信会让大家大饱眼福而流边忘返。

在天子山，人们可以看到开国员勋——贺龙元帅的铜像。贺龙元帅是中华人民共和国的开国元勋，人民解放军的缔造者之一。他就出生在天子山西边桑植县洪家关的一个农民家庭，从两把菜刀砍盐局首义起，一生充满传奇色彩，元帅家乡流传着无数关于他的故事与传说。天子山一带曾经是贺龙、任弼时、肖克、王震等将军打过游击的地方。一回，贺龙在锣鼓塌被民团包围了，当地老百姓急中生智，把贺龙卷在斗垫里，躲过了杀身之祸。这个故事至今还在这一带流传。贺龙铜像高6.5米，重9.3吨，是国内迄今为止最大的一尊单人铜像。你看他身着军大衣，那根曾伴他叱咤风云的大烟斗捍在手中，那匹曾仰天长啸的大白马依偎在膝旁，天风吹衣，目光如炬，整个造型、色彩气韵，就连军大衣上的皱褶都和砂岩大峰林浑然一体，与这里的三千奇峰一道顶天立地，栉雨沐风。还有天子阁、西海石林、石船出海、御笔峰、仙女献花等景点。

天子山的风光，用一句话来概括，就是“原始风光自然美”。她的景观、景点都天造地设，全无人工雕琢痕迹。这里不但有奇山秀水，还有淳朴的民情，奇特的民俗、独具风味的民族食品正等待着各位游客光临。景区内峰林耸立，云雾飘渺，阴晴朝暮，变化万千。因而赢得了“不是黄山，胜似黄山”，“谁人识得天子山，归来不看天下山”等赞语。

大家知道吗?黄山有四绝：奇峰、怪石、云海和温泉，今天我就带大家领略一下它的风姿吧!现在我们在黄山下，告诉大家，黄山有四绝，其中的一绝是怪石它以其取胜，以多著称。被命名的怪石有120多处，其形态可谓千奇百怪，令人叫绝。黄山是云雾之多，一会儿大家登到高处时，就能看到这壮丽景观。

它以峰为体，以云为衣，其壮观的“云海”以美、胜、奇、幻享誉古今，一年四季皆可观、由以冬季最佳。依云海分布方位，全山有东海、南海、西海、北海和天海;而登莲花峰、天都峰、光明顶则可尽收请海于眼底，领略“海到尽头天是岸，山登绝顶我为峰”之境地。

说起黄山“四绝”排在第一位的还是奇松。黄山奇松在什么地方呢?首先奇在它无比顽强的生命力，你见了不能不称奇。游客们，再向大家介绍温泉.其实黄山温泉不止一处。在黄山北坡叠嶂峰下，还有一个温泉叫松谷庵。它与山南宾馆温泉水平距离7.5公里不过应为它地处偏僻，目前还未卡发利用。

各位朋友，今天的游览到此结束，欢迎你们有空常来玩。

各位游客，大家好。我是你们今天的导游员，我叫__×，我来自于__×旅行社，很高兴能为大家服务，也希望我的服务能给大家带来轻松和愉快。在我右手边的是我们的司机王师傅，他已经有了多年驾龄，所以大家尽可放心，尽情欣赏窗外美丽的风景和倾听由我给你带来的热心讲解。今天我带大家游览的是最有扬州风情特色的烟花古巷。现在距离我们的目的地东关街还有一段距离，下面由我来简要介绍一下我们的历史古城扬州。

扬州是一个会让人产生自豪感的城市，它的历史可以向上追溯25__年。这座千年古城屡经风云变幻，汉代的兴盛，隋唐的繁盛，明清的鼎盛，使这座古城体现出了无限的魅力。今日的扬州更是风采依旧。它是国务院首批历史文化名城、中国优秀旅游城市，__年获得中国人居环境奖，__年获得“联合国人居奖城市”。头顶这么多美丽的光环，扬州的秀美景色一定让各位不虚此行，来了就不想走了!

扬州的好吃的好玩的好看的，不用我多说，很多早已久负盛名了。先说玩的，扬州的景点很多，如诗如画的瘦西湖、晚清第一名园“何园”、四大名园之一的个园等等。扬州还有很多特色美食，像大家所熟悉的扬州炒饭、大煮干丝、富春包子等等，这些足可以让您在扬州期间大饱口福!“早上皮包水，晚上水包皮”这是对扬州百姓生活的最生动概括，另外，扬州还有“三把刀”，分别是理发刀、修脚刀、菜刀，这不仅是指扬州的刀口好，而是还反映了扬州三大服务业的繁盛。也就是说，这三把刀背后还代表了三大服务业，分别是：理发刀代表的是理发美容业，修脚刀代表的是修脚沐浴业，厨刀代表的是餐饮服务业。“到扬州，吃得好，玩得好，还要享受剃头洗个澡”，这已经成为近三百年来到扬州享受生活的典型写照。

每个城市都有自己最美的侧面，扬州的古巷也可以算是扬州最美的侧面了，扬州人常说：“巷连巷，巷通巷，大巷里面套小巷。”东西南北，横竖曲折，在扬州十几平方公里的老城区里就有500多条巷子。而巷子的大小是不能用长短，而是要用深浅来衡量的。于是也就有了“酒香不怕巷子深”的说法。在繁华似锦的扬州历史上，巷子的深浅也是门户高低的象征，幽幽的巷子尽头必隐藏着庭院深深的富商名贾之家。

我们今天参观的东关街是扬州城里最具有代表性的一条历史老街。它东至古运河，西至国庆路，全长1122米，街道路面全部是用长条石铺设的。它是扬州古城的cbd(中心城市商业圈)，也是我们扬州名城文脉显著的体现。这条街不仅是古城扬州水陆交通的要冲，也是商业、手工业和宗教文化活动的中心。从街口唐宋东门遗址的挖掘考证来看，历代都以东关街为东西向的中轴线，街面上市井繁华、商家林立。据扬州文史专家考证，唐代杜牧的诗句“春风十里扬州路，卷上珠帘总不如”，描述的就是这里。到了清代，中国四大行商之一的扬州盐商，更把东关街作为居住的首选之地。这里集中了大量盐商住宅以及园林别墅。到了清末民初，扬州近代工商业开始启蒙，东关街又成为众多商业老号的发祥地。东关街拥有比较完整的明清建筑群及“鱼骨状”街巷体系，保持和沿袭了明清时期的传统风貌特色。街内现有50多处名人故居、盐商大宅、寺庙园林、古树老井等重要历史遗存，这种“河、城、街”多元而充满活力的空间格局，体现了江南运河城市的独有风韵。

好了，现在东关街已经到了，请各位带好自己的随身贵重物品，随我一同下车，感受一下老街给我们带来的时代气息吧!

走进东关街，迎面扑来的就是古色古香的市井景象。继续往前走，您会发现东关街老号很多。在__年国家商务部认定首批“中华老号”，这一条街上就有两个老号入选，一个是创业于1817年的四美酱园生产的“三和四美酱菜”，另一个是开办于1830年的谢馥春香粉铺生产的“谢馥春化妆品”。

“三和牌”、“四美牌”系列酱菜是久负盛名的传统名特产品，具有鲜、甜、脆、嫩四大特色, 名扬四海，畅销国内外。“三合四美”酱菜的主要品种有乳黄瓜、宝塔菜、萝卜头、嫩生姜、甜酱瓜、香心菜、什锦菜、宫廷龙须等数十个规格品种。这一系列的酱菜都是选用皮色嫩绿、肉厚皮薄、脆嫩籽少、瓜形苗条、粗细均匀的扬州线瓜精心腌制复酱而成。成品滋味鲜美、具有乳黄瓜特有香气，曾获酱菜最高奖--国家银质奖，是扬州酱菜中的突出佳品。如果大家喜欢吃的话，也可以在东关街上买些回去和着早饭吃。

各位游客，我们现在看到的就是“谢馥春”化妆品店。“谢馥春”化妆品19__年与“茅台酒”一道荣获美国巴拿马万国博览会大奖，最近被评为“全国300家重点保护品牌”。“谢馥春”也是我国现存最老的化妆品企业。美女离不开梳妆打扮，要梳妆打扮当然就离不开化妆品，“谢馥春”的传统产品鸭蛋粉、冰麝油及香件，被称为谢馥春“三绝”。人们常说：“苏州胭脂扬州粉”，谢馥春的香粉原料是用天然珍珠粉与邵伯糊粉坊专门为其加工的石粉、米粉、豆粉，再加上鸡蛋清，按一定的比例调和而成，并结合时令，选用白兰、茉莉、珠兰、玫瑰等鲜花，再加以适量冰片、麝香，采用“鲜花熏染、冰麝定香”之工艺，精致而成既有花香又有保健作用的各种香粉。冰麝油所用药材有大黄、甘松、白芷、良姜、广木香、月桂皮、洋冰、侧柏叶、松香、麝香等20余种，具有润泽、乌发、去垢、止痒、解毒、消炎等功能。不仅能在日晒受暑的情况下可不生疮疖，又能治中耳炎、烫伤等症，所以大受欢迎，年销量达10万多斤。

除了扬州的特色商品外，东关街的民居也非常值得一看。这里的民居多半是普通老百姓的住所，他们的生活节奏自然地流露出扬州古城的历史气息。缓缓步行于老街，时有路人匆匆，或步行，或脚踏车。倘若有兴，您可以随便走进哪条小巷，来看看扬州人真实的衣食住，听听他们在说些什么，做些什么。扬州的居民是朴实而好客的，他们往往会主动与游客们打打招呼，甚至会为热心地为您向导。

好了，现在大家都对东关街有所了解了吧，接下来给大家一个小时的时间真正感受一下东关街给我们带来的时代气息吧!

各位游客，我们今天的讲解就到此结束了，很感谢大家的配合，在游览的过程中有什么不足之处，希望大家能见谅，我们也会在今后的日子里不断改善，真诚地欢迎大家再次光临我们美丽的扬州。

Friends:

good afternoon. Now we come to the Bund by the Huangpu River in Shanghai.First of all, I would like to welcome you to visit the Bund and wish you apleasant trip.

There are five tourist routes in the new Bund. On your left hand side arethe magnificent buildings and spacious Zhongshan Road known as the "WorldArchitecture Expo". On your right hand side are the sparkling Huangpu River andPudong Lujia financial and trade zone with bright future. In front of you is anew and unique sightseeing area. The buildings, Zhongshan Road, sightseeingarea, Huangpu River and Lujiazui are like the staff in the music score, whilethe industrious Shanghai people are like strings of inter symbol, forming thelatest and most beautiful movement. Welcome to all the guests.

What about the Bund? To put it simply, it used to be a reed coveredwasteland outside the old city of Shanghai.

After the first war in 1840, the locked door was opened by the colonists,and Shanghai was forced to become a commercial port. Since then, all kinds ofwestern style buildings have sprung up with the colonists "seizing the beach".By the early 1930s, Shanghai had leapt from a coastal town to the largest cityin the Far East.

Although these buildings with European Renaissance style are not designedby the same designer or built in the same era, their architectural style is soharmonious and unified that it seems to be natural. From the the Bund road tothe outer white road bridge, the length of the arc is only 1.5 kilometers, androw upon row of 52 buildings of different styles, including English, French,ancient Greek, etc. At that time, many foreign banks, associations andconsulates gathered here, known as "Wall Street" in the East, forming ahistorical miniature of the semi colonial and semi feudal society in oldShanghai.

Please see, Dongfeng Hotel No.2 on the new Bund used to be a very famousBritish club. It is a typical British classical building. The building is 6stories high (including basement). There is a lookout Pavilion at the north andsouth ends of the roof. The interior decoration is very gorgeous. The firstfloor bar used to be proud of its 110.7-foot bar, which is the longest in theEast. Now KFC is located in the bar.

Before the new Bund 12, it was the famous "HSBC Bank". The building wasbuilt in 1923, which is an antique Greek style dome building. The building is arectangular building close to square, with five stories high and a halfspherical top layer. There are seven stories at the top of the building and asteel frame structure. The interior of the building is decorated with variousreception rooms in the United States, Britain, France, Russia and Japan. Thisbuilding was once regarded by the British as one of the most exquisite buildingsfrom the Suez Canal to the Bering Strait in the Far East.

The building next to HSBC is the Shanghai customs building, a 19th-centuryretro building, built in 1927, which is rare in the world today. The clock onthe top of the building can be seen all around. It plays a short tune every 15minutes. The sound of the bell is melodious and deep, with a sound of 10 Li.

After Wilson, the British designer, the HSBC building and the customsbuilding are affectionately called "sister buildings" in Shanghai, and they arestill one of the important symbols of Shanghai.

The two buildings at the entrance of Nanjing East Road are called peacehotel. The south facing building was built in 1906. It was called Huizhong hotelat that time. It is the earliest existing hotel in Shanghai. It can be used as ahistorical building, belonging to the Renaissance of British culture. Thebiggest feature of the building is that the facade is made of red brick withwaist line and white wall brick with veneer. From a distance, it looks solemnand elegant with unique style, which is a rare masterpiece.

These buildings on the Bund are the crystallization of the industriouswisdom of the Chinese working people, and also reflect the plunder and invasionof Shanghai by the western colonists. Nowadays, in order to let people know thehistory of these buildings, the Chinese and English nameplates are hung in frontof each building.

As for the Bund, the name given to her by Shanghai people has changed withthe passage of time. Shanghai people call the Bund before liberation the oldBund and after liberation the Bund. Now people praise it as the new Bund. Therehave been scenes of seizing the Bund many times in history, but each time has acompletely different historical significance. Since the Third Plenary Session ofthe Eleventh Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, the strategicfocus of Chinas reform and opening up has also changed from south to north. Thedevelopment and revitalization of Pudong has brought Shanghai to the forefrontof Chinas reform and opening up. The spring breeze has awakened Shanghai Bund,which has been sleeping for many years. Chinese and foreign financialinstitutions have also seized the Bund. Shanghai has made a major move to "cleanup the nest and attract Phoenix", replacing the houses on the Bund FinancialStreet, attracting "old customers" at home and abroad to settle down again,showing the style of "Wall Street" in the Far East again.

The Bund is a symbol of Shanghai and a must for Chinese and foreigntourists. But in the past, because of the narrow road and the crowded traffic,the overall image of the Bund was seriously affected. In order to change theappearance of the Bund, the Shanghai Peoples government takes the Bund as a keypoint to transform. The road in front of us is called Zhongshan Road. It isnamed in memory of Dr. Sun Yat Sen, the pioneer of Chinas democraticrevolution. It is also part of the comprehensive transformation of the Bund. Theroad is 826m long and 45m wide with 6 to 10 lanes. This wide traffic line is notonly limited to the Bund area, but also extends with the pace of reform andopening up. It starts from Jiangwan Wujiaochang in the north and ends at NanpuBridge in the south. By the beginning of the next century, the North-SouthCorridor will be 15 kilometers long and will become a landmark of Shanghaitourism.

The riverside road we are taking now is quite unique. It not onlyintegrates culture and greening, but also is a good place for people to practicewriting and martial arts in the morning, a place for tourists at home and abroadto visit in the daytime, and an ideal place for lovers to have a love talk inthe evening. It is said that many foreign friends have come to experiencelife.

Ladies and gentlemen, strolling in the new Bund Sightseeing Area, do youfeel that the new Bund not only has a new look, but also has a strong artisticatmosphere in the bustling city. Lets see: an artistic landscape with the themeof "for tomorrow" is set on the Bund of Yanan East Road, embracing with sixcolumns and combining with the meteorological signal station with a history ofmore than 80 years to form a group of scenery. The customs building and theelectronic waterfall clock are also quite new. The electronic waterfall clock isa ladder type, 27 meters long and 3.5 meters high, with 10 full steps. The wholeoperation process is controlled by computer. There are more than 1000 jets ofwater in various colors of Arabic numerals, which makes the world so far awayand so close to each other. The tourist area has become a scenic line ofShanghai style culture that can accommodate hundreds of rivers.

Walking on the Bund, we unconsciously entered Huangpu Park. When it comesto this park, every Chinese cant forget the sign that "Chinese and dogs are notallowed to enter" hung by foreign powers at the gate of the park in the past.The infamous sign brought great shame to the Chinese people at that time! Now,look at the 60 meter high Shanghai Peoples handsome monument standing in frontof the water. The majestic three pillar huanggangyan tower seems to tell peoplethat the people will always remember the heroes who sacrificed their lives forthe national humiliation and Shanghais revolutionary cause since the war, theMay 4th Movement and the liberation war.

Huangpu Park is facing the famous Huangpu River at home and abroad. "Theyellow water in Huanglongpu on the moon" vividly depicts the color of HuangpuRiver. Jiangpu river is the mother river of Shanghai. It originates from TaihuLake in Wuxi. It is the longest, widest and deepest river in Shanghai, with atotal length of 114 km, an average width of 400 m and a depth of 7-9 M. Itsoriginal name is Dongjiang, also known as chunshenjiang and huangxiejiang. It issaid that more than 20__ years ago, Shanghai belonged to the state of Chu. Atthat time, there was a great general named Huang Xie in the state of Chu. He wasvery talented in governing the country. He was appointed prime minister by theking of Chu and was granted the title of "fengshenjun" to govern the land ofShanghai. Due to the siltation of the upper reaches of Dongjiang River at thattime, he led the people of Shanghai to dredge and modify the waterway, whichgreatly developed Shanghais water transportation and agriculture. In order tocommemorate Huang Xies achievements, later generations changed the name ofDongjiang River to "chunshenjiang" and "huangxiepu", which was not officiallynamed "Huangpu River" until the Southern Song Dynasty.

Huangpu River has two "children", one is Pudong, the other is Puxi. Beforethe birth of new China, their family was oppressed by three mountains. Themother river was full of warships and merchant ships, and the "two children"were also overwhelmed. "Tiaohuangpu" is the catchphrase of Shanghai people. Itmeans that the common people who cant survive in the old society come here tothrow themselves into the river.

Overlooking the other bank, Pudong Lujiazui financial and trade zone andPuxi Bund are facing each other. Its functions are finance, trade and foreignservices. It will be the core and symbol of new Shanghai. "East Bund" BinjiangAvenue, with a total length of 2500 meters, integrates tourism, sightseeing andentertainment, along which there are six distinctive squares. Although I canonly smell the rumbling sound of piling, it is the most gorgeous movement on thestaff and predicts a better future for the Bund.

亲爱的游客门，现在我们站在外滩的观景台上，西面就是着名的：万国建筑博览风景线，北面可以看到绿树成阴的绿色长廊，黄浦公园和人民英雄纪念碑也在北面。隔江眺望则能看到陆家嘴经融区的摩天大楼建筑群。下面我将重点给大家讲解世界着名的万国建筑博览风景线。大家可以看到从延安东路高架下来一直到北面的外白渡桥，在中山东一路的西面成一字排开的20多栋西方古典风格的建筑，他们构成为了万国建筑博览风景线。这些上海的近代经典建筑源于西方的古典建筑，所以要想了解它们则要把它们和西方的传统建筑联系起来，在比较中了馑们产生的原因及特点和功能?

二十世纪二三十年代，上海凭借自身优越的自然条件和人文环境，特别是历代中西方文化以及南北地域文化不断交流融合所造就成的深厚文化底蕴，让上海迅速成为当时中国乃至世界的一个突出的经济文化中心。使上海成为当时世界建筑大师们竞相表现自身价值，展示自己不风身手的大舞台。其时大量外国建筑师的登陆，先期留学欧美的中国建筑师的回归，给上海带了西方先进的建筑理念和技术，当然也使得当时建造成的上海近代建筑渗透了西方建筑的影响。所以当时上海的近代建筑呈现出一派欣欣向荣的景象，留下了一大批价值连城的文化遗产。目前为止世界上还没有一个国家的城市能像上海一样拥有如此规模庞大，精美，技术精湛的近代建筑群。其中万国建筑博览风景线就是上海最为集中的近代建筑群。

香港迪斯尼导游词

大家好，我是本次迪斯尼乐园的导游。我姓李，大家可以叫我小李。 现在大家乘坐的是迪斯尼专线，本专线将在1小时候到达香港迪斯尼乐园，途中我会为大家做一些有关迪斯尼的介绍。

香港迪斯尼乐园是一个老少皆宜的童话王国，主要分为：明日世界、探险世界和幻想世界，这三个世界适宜的人群也不一样，下面就来听听你适合哪个世界吧!明日世界时一个充满刺激，变化莫测的游戏王国，它的代表游乐设施就是飞越太空山。飞越太空山又被称作“室内过山车”，乘客在车厢的整个旅途只有不到20秒的时间，可以看到亮光，其余全在黑暗中度过，太空车直上、直下、忽左、忽右，让许多乘客流连忘返;探险世界是一个与充满神秘的地方，丛林历险是探险世界最有趣味性的游戏，乘客们坐在船上，可以看到许多动物，喷水的象宝宝、伺机吃人的食人鱼、晒日光浴的大猩猩，通过船长风趣的讲述，乘客们会通过重重难关，最终到达终点泰山的木屋;幻想世界是每个喜欢童话的人必须要去的地方，那里的有了设施虽然不是很刺激、很神秘，但那是卡通人物的集结地，可以跟它们一起合影留念。对了，还要提醒大家，在整点的时候还会有迪斯尼人物表演的节目哟!下午3点和晚上7点分别有迪斯尼大巡游和星梦奇缘烟花表演。

现在到站了，大家赶快去尽情畅游童话王国吧!

一尊巍峨庄严的大佛，几百年来在人们的视野中悄然而神秘地消失。曾受众多香客顶礼膜拜的蒙山大佛，在香火缭绕逐渐淡去之后，依然坚守着它超然物外、宠辱不惊的佛缘状态，继续着它默默的沧桑思考。

突然有一天，一位老人，在查阅了半个世纪的资料，寻探了几十年的佛踪后，终于在一个山环水绕、风光秀丽的山凹里觅得大佛的身迹。老人激动得跪下来，涕零憾恨。他抚摸着大佛苍劲斑驳的伟岸身躯，浮想联翩，心底不由涌起几许怀古的幽思。这尊大佛曾经有过怎样的辉煌与沧桑?千百年来它在沉默中目睹了多少王朝的更迭与人间的悲欢?它那两扇如轮大耳听到过多少庙堂的私语和市井的喧嚣?它那硕大智慧的头脑中一定封存着许多未曾载于史籍的重要信息，假如它能开口讲话、吞吐千年，那些让史学家百思不得其解的历史悬案和谜底，或许竟可以一朝而大白于天下了。