武侯祠景点讲解导游词优秀20篇

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region is located in the middle and upper reaches ofthe Yellow River in Northwest China, between 35 ° 14 - 39 ° 23 n and 104 ° 17- 107 ° 39 E. It is adjacent to Shaanxi Province in the East, Inner MongoliaAutonomous Region in the West and North, and Gansu Province in the south, with atotal area of 66400 square kilometers. The terrain is long and narrow from northto south, high in the South and low in the north. From north to south, there areHelan Mountain, Ningxia plain and Liupan Mountain. Ningxia is 456 km from northto South and 250 km from east to west. Ningxia is located in the transition zonebetween the Loess Plateau and Inner Mongolia Plateau. In terms ofgeomorphological types, the loess landform eroded by flowing water is dominantin the south, and the arid denudation and wind erosion landform is dominant inthe middle and North. There are relatively high mountains and widely distributedhills, alluvial plain formed by fault subsidence and alluvial of the YellowRiver, platform and sand dunes. The surface morphology is complex and diverse.According to the statistical data in early 20__, hilly area accounts for 38%,plain area 26.8%, mountain area 15.8%, platform 17.6% and desert 1.8%. Theaverage altitude is 1090-20__m. Helan Mountain is the natural barrier of Ningxiaplain. The main peak, Aobao Geda, is 3556 meters above sea level. The YellowRiver passes through 12 cities and counties in the middle and North, with a flowof 397 km.

Ningxia is located in the inland, belongs to temperate continentalsemi-arid climate. It straddles the East Monsoon Region and the northwest aridregion, and the southwest is close to the Qinghai Tibet alpine region, which isroughly located in the intersection and transition zone of the three naturalregions in China. The annual average temperature is 5 ℃～ 9 ℃, and thetemperature difference between day and night is large. The annual precipitationis generally 200-600 mm. With 3000 hours of sunshine and 170 days of frost freeperiod, it is one of the areas with the most abundant sunshine and solarradiation in China.

Ningxia is one of the birthplaces of ancient Chinese civilization. The latePaleolithic human activity site and unearthed cultural relics in Shuidonggou,Lingwu County, Ningxia Province show that human beings have been living andreproducing here as early as 30000 years ago.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, theworld-famous Great Wall began to be built in the territory. After the firstemperor of Qin unified China, he sent troops to settle down in Ningxia and beganthe history of diverting water from the Yellow River for irrigation. By the HanDynasty (206-220 BC), the farming economy here had been quite prosperous. In the14th year of Tianbao in the Tang Dynasty (755), the "an Shi rebellion" brokeout. Prince Li Heng entered Ningxia and became emperor in Lingwu. At that time,Ningxia had become one of the important channels of East-West transportation andtrade in China. In the first year of Baoyuan (1038) of Northern Song Dynasty, LiYuanhao, the leader of Dangxiang nationality, established Daxia state withNingxia as the center, which was called Xixia in history, and its capital wasXingqing prefecture (now Yinchuan City). After Mongolia exterminated Xixia,Ningxia Fu Road was set up in the 24th year of the Yuan Dynasty (1287). NingxiaWei was set up in Ming Dynasty. Ningxia government was set up in Qing Dynasty.In the early years of the Republic of China, Ningxia government was changed toshuofangdao, and Ningxia Province was established in 1929. After the founding ofthe peoples Republic of China in 1949, Ningxia Province was abolished in 1954.Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region was established on October 25, 1958.

Ningxia is rich in mineral resources with prominent advantages inagriculture, energy and tourism. There are 1.288 million hectares of cultivatedland in the region. Among them, more than 333000 hectares are irrigated. Thereare more than 660000 hectares of wasteland suitable for agriculture to bedeveloped, including 133000 hectares of wasteland for aquaculture, 56000hectares of wastewater and 3 million hectares of grassland. More than 50 kindsof mineral resources have been discovered, and the per capita potential value ofnatural resources is 163.5% of the national average value, ranking fifth in thecountry. In particular, non-metallic mineral resources are rich, mainly coal,gypsum, oil, natural gas and so on. Gypsum reserves rank first in China. Nearlyone third of the land in the region is rich in coal resources, with provenreserves of more than 30 billion tons, ranking fifth in the country. The provenreserves of Lingwu coalfield alone reach more than 27 billion tons, equivalentto the total proven reserves in Northeast China. Among the top ten coal types inChina, there are nine in Ningxia. Taixi Coal, the world famous high qualityanthracite, has an annual export volume of 1 million tons. The Shaanxi GansuNingxia basin natural gas field across Ningxia has proved reserves of more than200 billion cubic meters. It is a world-class large gas field.

The autonomous region has five prefecture level cities of Yinchuan,Shizuishan, Wuzhong, Guyuan and Zhongwei, six municipal districts of Xingqing,Jinfeng, Xixia, Dawukou, Huinong and Yuanzhou, two county-level cities of Lingwuand Qingtongxia, 11 counties of Yongning, Helan, Pingluo, Tongxin, Yanchi,Zhongning, Haiyuan, Jingyuan, Xiji, Longde and Pengyang, and HongsibaoDevelopment Zone (county-level immigration Development Zone), with Yinchuan asits capital.

Ningxia has 35 ethnic groups, including Hui and Han, with a totalpopulation of 6.0373 million at the end of 20__, including 3.7742 million Hanand 2.0649 million Hui. Ningxia is the largest Hui inhabited area in China. Huipeople believe in Islam.

The Hui nationality in China was formed in the Yuan Dynasty. The origin ofthe Hui nationality can be traced back to the middle of the seventh century,when Arab and Persian merchants came to China to do business and stay. In theYuan Dynasty, a large number of Central Asian, Persian and Arab came to China.Due to intermarriage and socio-economic relations, they formed Hui nationalityin the process of long-term relationship with Han, Uygur, Mongolian and othernationalities. As early as the Song Dynasty, there were Persians who believed inIslam and settled down in Ningxia. In the Yuan Dynasty, a large number of ArabMuslims from Central Asia, together with the Mongols, moved to Ningxia tocultivate and defend the frontier. At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginningof Ming Dynasty, the Hui nationality gradually formed, and Ningxia Huinationality entered a relatively stable development period.

Hui peoples living in Ningxia can be traced back to the end of TangDynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty and Xixia period, most of the Muslims fromthe east came to the Central Plains from Yumen and Jiuquan via Xixia. By theYuan Dynasty, a large number of Arabs, Persians and Central Asians wererecruited or migrated to live in the form of semi military and semi nomadic. Inthe early Ming Dynasty, a large number of Hui people were placed in Lingzhou(now Lingwu City) and Guyuan counties as "attached to Tuda". In addition, theHui people who constantly migrated to Ningxia for development and reclamationformed many Hui settlements. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the QingDynasty, the population of Hui nationality in Ningxia increased dramatically.During the Tongzhi period (1862-1874), the anti Qing uprising of the NorthwestHui people was brutally suppressed, and the volunteers and their families weremoved to remote areas. Some of them migrated to Lingzhou, Huaping (now JingyuanCounty of Ningxia), Longde, Haiyuan and other counties.

As the main ethnic group in Ningxia Hui people believe in Islam. In NingxiaHui inhabited areas, there are more than 3000 mosques with differentarchitectural forms and scales, and about 4000 imams. The Muslim people of Huinationality generally believe in five "lessons", namely: recitation, ceremony,fasting, lesson and pilgrimage. There are three traditional festivals of the Huipeople: Eid al Fitr, guerbang (also known as Eid al AdhA) and Shengji Festival.The autonomous region, cities and counties have established religious socialorganizations at all levels, namely Islamic Associations, to manage their ownreligious life. The autonomous region has set up Ningxia Islamic school inYinchuan city and Tongxin Arabic school in Tongxin County, helping the Muslimpeople to cultivate a large number of talents with religious knowledge. Inaddition to Islam, there are mass beliefs, Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianityand Taoism in Ningxia. The peoples Government of the autonomous region treatsall kinds of religions equally, protects the normal religious activities of themasses, and all kinds of religious people live in harmony for a long time inNingxia.

Ningxia Hui people have formed unique customs in clothing, diet, dailyhygiene, marriage, funeral and so on. Hui men like to wear small white caps andblack waistcoats. Hui women also like to wear headsets, gold and silverearrings, rings and bracelets. Hui people pay special attention to hygiene,clean and tidy indoor and outdoor, clean stove. Usually wash hands and face withsoup bottle, bath with hanging pot.

Hui people like to eat the meat of cattle, sheep, camels and otherruminants, but also eat chicken, duck, goose and fish. They dont eat pork,animal blood and dead livestock. Animals eaten by devout believers must beslaughtered by imams. Hui people generally dont smoke or drink. Men, women andchildren all like to drink "Babao" cup tea with nutritional condiments such asrock sugar, tea, medlar, walnut kernel, sesame, longan, jujube and preservedfruit. During the festive Festival, the Hui people mostly make fried food suchas fragrant oil, Sanzi and Yaguo. When there are distinguished guests, they willbe warmly received by the rich "Quanyang banquet" and various Hui snacks. Inmarriage, monogamy is practiced. The wedding ceremony of Hui nationality is verygrand and has many religious and ethnic characteristics. For example, when awedding is held, the Imam should be asked to read "nikaha", that is, to testifyand congratulate with Arabic scriptures. The funeral of the Hui nationality issimple and easy, with the practice of earth burial and thin burial. The funeralincludes four procedures: cleaning the burial body, wrapping the body with whitecloth, holding religious prayer ceremony under the direction of Imam, andentering the burial.

Mosque, also known as the mosque. Arabic is "mesgid", which means the placeto kowtow. It is not only a place for Islamic believers to worship, but also acenter of culture and education and a center of social activities in someplaces. The establishment of mosques in Ningxia started from Yuan Dynasty, andthe number and scale of mosques have developed considerably in Ming and QingDynasties. Gongbei is the mausoleum of an outstanding figure in a certain regionof Islam. Daotang is a place where religious leaders of a certain branch ofIslam worship, chant scriptures, give lectures and live. Islamic architecture inNingxia reflects the process of combining Islamic culture with Chinesetraditional culture, and has distinctive local cultural characteristics andnational personality.

各位游客，大家好!我是导游——景仰。这次我们的目的地是九寨沟。请大家不要乱扔垃圾，也不要在景区搞破坏。谢谢大家配合。。

进了九寨沟大门，坐观光车到景区游览，这里的山山水水一定让你大饱眼福。因为景点非常多，我就挑三个我印象最深的给大家介绍。一个是“天鹅海”，一个是“珍珠滩瀑布”，最后是“火花海”。

先看看“天鹅海”，它的名字是有来历的。很久以前，有天鹅来到这里。它们来干什么呢?是来下蛋的。很多的天鹅到这里的湖边嬉戏生存，“天鹅海”由此得名。

再来看“珍珠滩瀑布”。珍珠滩瀑布虽不那么壮观，但它四溅的水花像晶莹透亮的珍珠不停地撒落在您的面前。请您弯腰捧一把水做的珍珠，您会感到清新凉爽，暑气顿消。不过，石湿路滑，您一定要小心。

最后让我们看看“火花海”。这里，水清见底，阳光照耀下，湖面折射成五颜六色，像不像绚丽多彩烟花在怒放?“火花海”顾名思义。大家可以用这里的水洗脸洗手，保管你凉快舒服。再看那些鱼群，它们游得多开心多自在啊，像是在说:“这里的水又清又甜，我们爱九寨沟!”

游客朋友们，我们的旅游到此结束了。请大家带走照片，不要带走公物;留下赞叹，不要留下垃圾。

神农架于1986年经国务院批准为国家级森林和野生动物自然保护区。

神农架区为湖北省的房县、兴山县、巴东县给合部组成，面积3250平方公里，地跨东经190。56，—110。58北纬31。15—31。37，现有人口近八在万，林区政府设在松柏镇。神农架位于长江上游与汉水之间，秦岭山脉和大巴山交汇地段。东距襄樊市313公里;老河口市271公里：南距沙市345公里，宜昌市248公里：西距秭归县香溪口205公里;北距十堰市214公里。

神农架平均海拔1700米，林区内有3000米以上的高峰六座，最高峰神农顶3105.4米，高出武当山947.4米,峨眉山6.4米，黄山1161.4米，是华中第一峰。神农架年平均气温7.9。C，年降雨量1500毫升，是一处保存较完好的前寒武纪(五亿年前)地质结构的地方，加之处于亚热带气侯向温带气侯的过渡地带，因此，立体气侯异常显著，有“山下盛夏山岭春，山麓艳秋山顶冰”之景观。

神农架相传是炎帝神农氏采药之地而得名，这里不仅具有原始森林的特有风貌，还保存着许多第四冰川时幸存下来的古老、珍稀、濒危树种和我国特有树种100种以上。药用植物类1800种之多，其中有珍品：“头顶一颗珠，池边一碗水。文王一支笔，七叶一枝花。”有60多种药物具有抗癌作用，100多种药物堪列高级名录。

神农架又是一座野生动物王国，不仅鸟类、鱼类繁多，仅神农顶，大、粘神农架和金猴岭一带，就发现有数十个种类的金丝猴20_只以上。原被认为只能生活在北极的白色动物，如白熊、白獐、白蛇、白猫头鹰等，在神农架也相继发现。世界上几乎绝迹的驴头狼和神话故事中的千里驹--羚羊，凌空飞鼠，都自由地生活在神农架。

主峰神农顶海拔3105.4米,是湖北最高峰,也是秦岭以南华中第一高峰。横空出世，傲立华中。冬春两季，时而漫天飞雪，时而滂沱倾盆，时而啸啸狂风，时而云雾层层，唯夏秋之季晴朗，云开雾散之日，万千景观尽收眼底。

神农顶西侧有一迷人的山口若悬河，名风景垭，垭南幽幽，深谷中石林竞立，参差缭绕，时隐时现，如人间幻境。风景垭西首屹立着一嘹望塔，塔基海拔高2900米，此塔为护林防火观察之用，登高视野东达老君山，西达大九湖，南达小神农架，北达金猴岭。

红坪画廊：红坪十里画廊位于天门垭南麓，长达15公里，在这底宽不过百米，河流横贯其中的红坪画廊将三瀑四桥五潭六洞七塔八寨及三十六峰浑然融为一体，令人倾倒，如其中的刀笔峰、宝剑峰、层楼峰，相传它们分别是炎帝神农氏的文房四宝，随身佩剑和居住的楼阁，而其中的独秀峰、莲花峰则相传为炎帝公主的化身。

我国景点英文版导游词

下面几篇范文是我国的景点英文版导游词，感兴趣的不妨看看怎么写吧，欢迎阅读借鉴，希望你们喜欢。

北京故宫博物院英文导游词

hello, everyone,

we are now going to pay a visit to a place of special interest. this scenic spot is located at the center of beijing and is characterized by thousands of palatial architectures and purple walls as well as yellow glazed tile roofs- it is simply a sea of palaces. this is the world – famous wonder – the palace museum.

the palace museum has served as the royal residence during the ming and qing dynasties. it was here that a total of 24 monarchs ascended the throne and wielded power for some 500 years. the palace museum, as the most beautiful spot of interest throughout beijing, is unique for its location: to the northwest is beihai(north sea) park, famous for its white pagoda and rippling lake; to the west is the zhongnahai (central and south sea); to the east lies the the wangfujing shopping street; and to the north id jinshan park. standing in the wanchun (everlasting spring) pavilion at the top of jingshan(charcoal hill) park, you overlook the skyline of the palace museum. at the southern end of the palace is tian` anmen (gate of heavenly peace) and the famous square named after it . this is the symbol of the people` s republic of china.

a world-famous historical site, the palace museum is on the world heritage list of unesco and is an embodiment of oriental civilization.

the palace museum is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west, covering a space of 720,000 square meters of which 150,000 is building area . it has 9000-strong rooms in it . according to legend there are 9999.5 room-units in all .the whole compound is enclosed by a 10-meter-hign wall and is accessed through four entrances, namely, the meridian gate in the south ,the gate of military prowess in the north, donghua(eastern flowery ) gate in the north, donghua ( eastern flowery) gate in the east and xihua(western flowery ) gate in the west. on each corner there is a turret consisted of 9 roof beams, 18 pillars and 72 ridge . encircling the compound there is a 3,800-meter-long and 52 meter-wide moat, making the palace museum a self-defensive city-within-a city.

the palace museum was made a center of rule during the ming dynasty by zhun di, the fourth son of the founding emperor zhuyuanzhang. the whole complex straddles on an 8-kilometers-long central axis that stretches from yongding (forever stable) gate in the south to gulou (drum tower) in the north. prominence was given to the royal power by putting the “three main front halls” and “three back halls ”on the axis while arrange other subsidiary structure around them .the construction of the palace museum involved manpower and resources across china. for example, the bricks laid in the halls ,known as “gold brick, ” underwent complex, two –dozen processes. as the final touch ,the fired bricks were dipped in chinese wood oil. involving complicated processes and high cost, these brick are called “golden bricks.” the palace museum serves as a living embodiment of good tradition and styles unique to china` s ancient architecture. it reflects to the full the ingenuity and creativity of the chinese working people. a carefully preserved and complete group of royal residences, the palace museum is a prominent historical and tourist site.

what we are now approaching is the main entrance to the palace museum-the meridian gate, which is characterized by red walls, yellow glazed –tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this walls, yellow glazed-tile roofs and upturned eaves. on top of this magnificent building ,there stand five lofty halls with a main hall in the center. the main hall is roofed by multiple eaves and covers a space of 9 room-units. it is flanked by two wings on each side .the wings are square in shape ,complete with multiple and four edged eaves and pinnacles. all of these structures are connected by a colonnade. because these halls resemble a soaring bird, it was also know as wufenglou (five-phoenix tower) . inside the main hall there is a throne. drums and bells were stored in the wings. whenever the emperor presided over grand ceremonies or observed rites in the hall of upreme harmony, drums, bells and gongs would be struck to mark the occasion.

as the legend goes, the meridian gate used to be a place where condemned ranking officials would be executed. this not true. however, flogging was carried out here by the ming emperors ,if a courtier falls afoul of the emperor, he would be stripped of his court dress and flogging with a stick .at one point the punishment became so harsh that a total of 11 people died from fatal wound on a single occasion .on the other hand, this building was also used to observe important occasions like the traditional chinese lantern festival (15th day of the first lunar month). on these occasions, chinese lanterns would be hanged and sumptuous banquets would be given in honour of the whole court of ministers and other ranking officials.

upon entering the meridian gate we began our tour of the palace museum. the river foowing in front of us is known as jin shui he (golden water river) and the five marbles bridges spanning it are known as the inner golden water bridges. the on in the middle was used exclusive by the emperor and its banisters were carved with dragon and phoenix designs. the bridges flanking the imperial one were reserved for princes and other royal members. the rest were used by palatines. aside from decoration, the golden water river was also dug as precaution against fire. most of the structures within the palace museum are made of wood. what is more ,according to ancient chinese cosmology, the south is the abode of fire, so this brook was dug on the southern tip of the palace. in this way, the palace museum reflects traditional chinese culture.

this building is called the gate of supreme harmony .in the foreground stand two bronze lions. can anybody tell which is male and which is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female? the one on the east playing with a ball is male, symbolizing power and universal unity. the other on the west with a cub cuddling underneath its claw is female, representing prosperity the endless succession. a layout of the palace museum is posted by the entrance . from it ,you can see that the palace museum has two main parts: the forecourt and the inner court. the three main halls constitute the mainstay of the forecourt, and it was here that the emperor announced decisions and observed rites. behind the forecourt there is the inner court, consisting of major halls and the imperial garden .it was where the emperor attended state affairs, lived and enjoyed his luxurious life. the exhibition system of the palace museum involves historical court relics and articles of ancient art and culture. the palace museum houses nearly one million articles of rare treasure, or one sixth of the total number in all of china `s museums. there are the three main halls of the palace museum, built on a triple marble terrace . since most of china `s architecture is made of wood, the buildings cannot be too tall. to gain the height of the architecture, ingenious ancient artisans built the hall on a gigantic stone terrace .it is also to this end that not a single plant was grown in the square. on stairways of triple marble terrace there are 18 bronze tripods .the verandah is flanked by bronze tortoises and cranes, which served as symbols of longevity .on the east is a sundial, an ancient timepiece. on the west there is a grain measure suggesting that the emperor was just and equitable.

in the front and on each flank ,there is a pair of gilt bronze vats (caldrons ) molded during the reign of emperor qianlong of the qing dynasty .each of these weights 2 tons and is filled with water as a precaution in the event of a fire .the structure in the very middle is the hall of supreme harmony ,also known as the throne hall. it is 64 meters in width and is 38 meters from entrance to rear. with terrace exclusive ,the hall is 26.92 meters in height and is 35.03 meters in all .covering and areaof 2,377 square meters, the hall of supreme harmony is china` s largest exiting wooden structure. the hall is supported by 6 thick ,round pillars carved in a design of coiling dragons. as the holiest place in the hall, the ceiling and colored patterns were made of the finest material available at that time. the throne was placed on a terrace and is flanked by statues of elephants, luduan (a unicorn which could travel 18,000 kilometers a day and understand all languages), cranes and incense barrels .over the throne there is the caisson ,or covered ceiling ,which consists of a coiling dragon playing with a ball in its mouth .this ball is known as xuanyuan mirror ,and was supposedly made by a chinese emperor of remote times to serve as a reminder that thee rulers to follow were his hereditary heirs. the throne is made of nanmu and painted in gold .magnificently built and luxuriously decorated ,this hall did not serve as a place in which the emperor attended to daily affairs. he used his hall for major events such as his birthday, conferral of title of empress or dispatch of generals to war.

behind the hall of supreme harmony ,there sits the hall of complete harmony. this structure is square in shape .each side is 24.15 meters. this was the place where the emperor relaxed and greeted his courtiers before proceeding to the hall of supreme harmony to observe rites. this was also the place where the emperor prepared prayers or examined seeds and sowers bef ore he attended ancestral sacrifices or participated in snowing ceremonies. a grand ceremony was also held here once every 10 years for the emperor to genealogize the royal blood. there are two sedan chairs on display in the hall. behind the hall of complete harmony ,you will see the hall of preserving harmony, which was used as a place where imperial examinations were held. the imperial examination was the hignest level of competing for meritorious appointment under the feudal system dating back to the sui dynasty. china` s last imperial examination was held in 1904 during the reign of emperor guangxu of the qing dynasty. to the rear of hall there is a marble ramp carved with cloud and dragon designs, the largest of its kind in the whole country . it is 16.57 meters in length, 3.07 meters in width, 1.7 meters thick and weighs 250 tons. it was quarried in fangshan county in suburban beijing. to bring this giant piece of stone to beijing people poured water onto the road and applied rolling blocks during the process.

we are now standing before the square of the hall of heaven purity. it served as a divide separating the forecourt from the inner court .this building is known as the gate of heavenly purity. emperor qianlong held court here. proceeding further north ,you can find three main rear halls ,i.e. the hall of heavenly purity. the hall of union and peace and palace of earthly tranquility. the hall of heavenly purity if flanked on either side by two gates named after the sun and moon .inside the enclosure there are 12 palaces and halls symbolizing constellations. all of the other buildings are centered around the palace of heavenly purity , which was meant to suggest that the monarch` s power was endowed by heaven. the empress and concubines lived in the inner court.

the hall of heavenly purity was where the emperor lived and attended to daily affairs. later the emperor moved to live in the palace of mental cultivation. looking up you can see a plaque bearing the chinese inscription “be open and above-board,” a manifesto to court struggle .behind the plaque a strongbox was stored containing a will bearing the name of the would –be royal successor. this approach of secretly selecting the next emperor was adopted by emperor yongzheng of the qing dynasty. two copies of the will were prepared .one was stashed by the emperor in person ,the other was placed inside the strong box behind the plaque. after the death of the emperor, the two copies would be compared and successor would be announced. it was in this way that emperor qianglong and others have ascended the throne.

behind the hall of heavenly purity you will see the hall of union and peace , which is indentical to the hall of complete harmony. it was there that the emperor received congratulations and tributes from imperial officials on major calender occasions , a total of 25 imperial seals are stored there. in the hall, you will see a plaque with the handwritten inscription of “we wei,” exhorting taoist doctrines.

further northward is the palace of earthly tranquillity, which once served as the living room of the empresses` . the hall was later converted into a sacrificial place .through the windowpanes on the eastern wall you can see the royal bed decorated with dragon and phoenix designs. this hall has also served as the bridal chamber of monarchs.

the gate of earthly tranquilliity leads to the imperial garden (known to westerners as qianlong` s garden ),which was used by the emperor ,the empress, and the concubines. a magnificent structure stands in the middle. it is called the qin `s an (imperial peace) hall. it is the only building in the palace museum that was built in taoist style. it served as a shrine to the taoist deity. the garden covers a space of 12,000 square meters ,and is 130 meters from east to the west and some 90 meters from north to the south. there are a dozen halls, verandahs, pavilions and waterside houses in the garden . on each of the fur corner there is a pavilion dedicated to the four seasons which is different in construction style and shape. the garden also features an imperial landscape. with rare trees and exotic rockery, the imperial garden served as a model for china` s imperial parks .in all ,a total of 10-strong building styles were applied.

the tall building we are now passing is the gate of military prowess, the back door of the palace museum. our visit is now drawing to a conclusion but the architectures of the palace are not . on the other side of the road is the 43-meter-hign charcoal hill , providing natural protection for the forbidden city. this was also an embodiment of china` s construction style-putting a pool in the front and a hill in the rear. now let` s climb up to wanchun (everlasting springs ) pavillion where we` ll have a great view of the palace museum.

北京天安门英文导游词

Tian’anmen( the Gate of Heavenly Peace), is located in the center of Beijing. It was first built in 1417 and named Chengtianmen( the Gate of Heavenly Succession). At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it was seriously damaged by war. When it was rebuilt under the Qing in 1651, it was renamed Tian’anmen, and served as the main entrance to the Imperial City, the administrative and residential quarters for court officials and retainers. The southern sections of the Imperial City wall still stand on both sides of the Gate. The tower at the top of the gate is nine-room wide and five –room deep. According to the Book of Changes, the two numbers nine and five, when combined, symbolize the supreme status of a sovereign.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Tian’anmen was the place where state ceremonies took place. The most important one of them was the issuing of imperial edicts, which followed these steps:

1) The Minister of Rites would receive the edict in Taihedian( Hall of Supreme Harmony), where the Emperor was holding his court. The minister would then carry the decree on a yunpan( tray of cloud), and withdraw from the hall via Taihemen( Gate of supreme Harmony)

2) The Minister would put the tray in a miniature longting( dragon pavilion). Beneath a yellow umbrella and carry it via Wumen( Meridian Gate), to Tian’anmen Gate tower.

3) A courtier would be invested to proclaim the edict. The civil and military officials lining both sides of the gateway beneath the tower would prostrate themselves in the direction of the emperor in waiting for the decree to the proclaimed.

4) The courtier would then put the edict in a phoenix-shaped wooden box and lower it from the tower by means of a silk cord. The document would finally be carried in a similar tray of cloud under a yellow umbrella to the Ministry of Rites.

5) The edict, copied on yellow paper, would be made known to the whole country.

Such a process was historically recorded as “ Imperial Edict Issued by Golden Phoenix”.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties Tian’anmen was the most important passage. It was this gate that the Emperor and his retinue would go through on their way to the altars for ritual and religious activities.

On the Westside of Tian’anmen stands ZhongshanPark( Dr. Sun Yat-sen’s Park), and on the east side, the Working People’s Cultural Palave. The Park was formerly called Shejitan( Altar of Land and Grain), built in 1420 for offering sacrificial items to the God of Land. It was opened to the public as a park in 1914 and its name was changed in 1928 to the present one in memory of the great pioneer of the Chinese Democratic Revolution.

The Working People’s Cultural Palace used to be Taimiao( the Supreme Ancestral Temple), where tablets of the deceased dynastic rulers were kept.

The stream in front of Tian’anmen is called Waijinshuihe( Outer Golden River),with seven marble bridges spanning over it . Of these seven bridges,historical records say the middle one was for the exclusive use of the emperor and was accordingly called Yuluqiao( Imperial Bridge). The bridges flanking it on either side were meant for the members of the royal family and were therefore called Wanggongqiao( Royal’s Bridges). Farther away on each side of the two were bridges for officials ranking above the third order and were named Pinjiqiao( ministerial Bridges). The remaining two bridges were for the use by the retinue below the third order and wre called Gongshengqiao( common Bridges). They anr the one in front of the Supreme Ancestral Temple to the east and the one in front of the Altar of land and Grain to the west.

The two stone lions by the Gate of Tian’anmen, one on each side were meant as sentries. They gaze toward the middle axis, guarding the emperor’s walkway. In front of the gate stands a pair of marble columns called Huabiao. They are elaborately cut in bas-relief following the pattern of a legendary dragon. Behind the gate stands another pair of similar columns. The story of Huabiao may be traced to a couple of sources. One of the versions accredits its invention to one of the Chinese sage kings named Yao, who was said to have set up a wooden pillar in order to allow the ordinary people to expose evil-doers, hence it was originally called a slander pillar. Later it ws reduced to a signpost, and now it serves as an ornament.

The beast sitting on the top of the column is called” hou”, a legendary animal, which is said to have been a watcher of an emperor’s behaviour. He was doing such duties as warning the emperor against staying too long outside the palace or indulging in pleasure and urging him to go to the people for their complaints or return in due time. Therefore, the two pairs of beasts were given the names” Wangjunhui”( Expecting the emperor’s coming back) and “ wangjunchu”( Expecting the emperor’s going out) respectinvely.

In the old days, Tian’anmen, as a part of the Imperial City, was meant for important occasions. The two rows of chaofang( antechamber), on the sides behind the main gate, wre reserved for civil and military members of the government waiting for imperial audience and in front of the gate, were offices of imperial administration.

On October 1, 1949, chairman Mao Zedong proclaimed on Tian’anmen Rostrum the founding of the People’s Republic of China. Since then Tian’anmen has been the symbol of New Chinea. Chairman Mao’s portrait is hung above the central entrance, flanked by two slogans:” Long Live the Great Unity of the Peoples of the World”. Today , the splendour of Tian’anmen attracts million of visitors from all over the world. The Rostrum on its top was opened in 1988 to the public for the first time in its history. It offers a panoramic view of the Square and the city proper.

Tian’anmen Square

Situated due south of Tian’anmen, the Square has an area of 44 hectares( 109 acres) that can accommodate as many as one million people for public gatherings. It has witnessed may historical events in China’s modern history and is a place for celebrations on such festive days as international Labour Day on May 1st and national Day on October 1st.

Around the Square are several famous buildings:

1 The Great Hall of the People

This is one of the largest congressional buildings in the world. Built in 1959, the hall consists of three parts: a 10,000-seat auditorium in the center, a banquet hall in the north wing facing Chang’an Street, with a seating capacity of 5,000, and offices for the Standing Committee of the National Peoples’ Congress of China in the south. In addition, thirty-four reception chambers are named after various provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly unde the Central Government, plus Hong Kong and Macao. Each is different from the other in decoration and furnishings to stress their local features.

2 The Museum of Chinese History and the Museum of the Chinese Revolution

These two museums were also built in 1959. the museum of Chinese History houses a permanent exhibition in four parts, covering the entire process of Chinese history spanning from 1.7 million years ago to 1919:

1) The Primitive Society( 1.7 million years ago to the 21st century BC);

2) The Slave Society(21st century BC to 476 BC.);

3) The Feudal Society(475 BC. To 1840 AD.);

4) The Semi-Colonial and Semi- Fedual Society(1840 to 1919.)

The Museum of the Chinese Revolution covers the period from 1919 to 1949.

3 The Monument to the People’s Heroes

the monument was built in memory of thousands of martyrs who died for the revolutionary cause of the Chinese people. Its construction began on August 1, 1952 and was not completed until 1958. in the form of an obelisk, the Monument as made of more than 17,000 pieces of tranite and white marble. The purple piece inlaid in the front of the Monument was brought from Qingdao, Shandong Province. It is 38 meters(124ft 8 in) high, the loftiest of its kind ever seen in the country. Not only is it an historic memorial for immortal heroes, but also it is an artistic work of excellent architectural value.

On the front side of the Monument is an engraved inscription in Chinese characters written by Chairman Mao Zedong, which reads” Eternal Glory to the People’s Heroes!”. On the back of the Monument is an article written by Chairman Mao, but in Chinese calligraphy by the late Premier Zhou Enlai.

At the top of the Monument are eight gigantic carved wreathes of such flowers as peony, lotus and chrysanthemum, symbolizing nobility, purity, and fortitude. At the base of the monument are eight marble reliefs depicting the Chinese historic events since 1840. They are:

1) The Burning of Opium in 1840:

2) The uprising of 1851 in Jintian, Guangxi;

3) The Revolution of 1911;

4) The May Fourth Movement of 1919;

5) The May 30th Movement of 1925;

6) The Uprising of 1927 in Nanchang, Jiangxi;

7) The War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression from 1937 to 1945;

8) The Victorious Crossing over the Yangtze River by the Peoples’s Liberation Army in 1949. This relief is flanked by two smaller ones—“ Supplying the Front” and “ Greeting the P.L.A.”.

4 Chairman Mao’s Mausoleum

Chairman Mao Zedong, the founder of the People’s Pepublic of China, passed away on Sepember 9, 1976. In commemoration of this great man, a mausoleum began to be constructed in November 1976, and was completes in August the following year. The Mausoleum was officially opened on September 9, 1977.

The mausoleum is surrounded by four groups of sculpture. East of the northern entrance is the sculpture depicting the period of the New Democratic Revolution( 1919-1949), and west of it is the one signifying the great achievements of the Chinese people during the period of slcialist revolution and construction since 1949. The sculptures in front of the southern gate are figures of workers, peasants soldiers, intellectuals, technicians and children.

Inside the Mausoleum are three main sections: A white marble statue of Chairman Mao is mounted on a platform in the front lobby. On the wall behind the statue is a 24-metre-long( 79-foot-long) tapestry, a fine needlepoint work with beautiful landscapes of the country.

In the main hall there is a crystal coffin, in which Chairman Mao’s body lies stately with the Communist Party’s flag covering over him.

On the wall of the southern lobby, a poem by Chairman Mao and in his own calligraphy is inscribed in gold inlay. It expresses his full great expectations for the country.

Tian’ anmen Square has now completed its renovation after eight months’ hard work to welcome the 50th anniversary of the People’s Republic in 1999.

河源苏家围英文导游词

The Sujiawei Hakka Village Tourism Zone is a must for tourists who are interested in the Hakka culture and customs.

Bordering Dongjiang River in the north and Jiushe River in the south, the village is located in the Heshui Township, 26km away from the city of Heyuan.

Today the village is described as a “picturesque village in south china”, featuring old trees and houses, wild lands, bamboos and fresh air. Also it has a profound cultural history and is said to be the habitat of descendants of Su Shi, who also known as Su Dongpo, a famous Chinese literate in Northern Song Dynasty. Hence All people living in the village now are surnamed “Su”.

It also provides some performances for travelers to get a better known of Hakka culture such as their wedding customs. You can take part in the producing lines of making bean curd, wine or oil; or enjoy yourself in activities like fishing, swimming and boating.

The first spot we encounter is the Yingqing Bridge, where has a panoramic view of Sujiawei. The bridge is a place to welcome all families, relatives and friends.

Here is purple perilla park. The purple perilla can be used as medicine to cure cold, or purple dye or cooking. The origin of this park is as follows: one day one of Su Shi’s offspring passed by this place, he dreamed five old men pointed a big tree and told him it is perilla tree. When he woke up, he found this place is full of perilla, and the environment is quite beautiful, so he thought the old men would like he move the Su clan here. So after he came back, he always mentioned this dream to his late generations. To fulfill his this dream, over 700 years ago, the Su clan moved here and Sujiawei started its story.

From this purple perilla park to Pool lips estate, is gallery of Hakka villages gender culture, which shows the Hakka people’s moral ideas and customs, they think everything has two opposite extremes like negative and positive. In Hakka dialect, have a boy baby is named “tian deng”, the same pronunciation as “add a lantern”. So in Chinese lantern festival, any family which has a new boy baby will hang a big lantern in their ancestors’ shrine.

Later we will visit Sugong Shrine Yongsi Hall, Guanghua hall, Su school and Yi Jiang temple. You may find the Hakka architecture is well preserved here. These ancient buildings are square flat houses with dark blue bricks and roof tiles that belong to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The oldest house, Yongsi Hall, was built in 1481 in memory of Su Dongshan, the eighth-generation descendant of Su Dongpo and as a place for the villagers to worship their ancestors and discuss important affairs.

Now we walk along the Dongjiang river and enjoy the Hakka folk music. At the riverside you see bamboo everywhere. Su Dongpo loved bamboo, he once said “I can eat without meat, but I can not live without bamboo. No meat to eat only makes me thin; but live without bamboo makes me vulgar”!

Walking so long time, are you a bit tired and thirsty? Let’s go to Her Workshops to taste Hakka traditional snacks and tea. There are tea leaf, sesame, peanut, red jujube and longan in the tea. Do you taste them?

Ok, after a break, we go to experience traditional Hakka wedding performance. If you are lucky to be chosen and act as the bridegroom, you will be invited to the stage and join their show.

The village also preserves many slogans printed on the walls during 1950s to 1970s, which are silent witnesses to Chinese modern history.

Do you see the big bamboo hats holding by bamboo sticks in line? It is farm four seasons gallery. On the bamboo hats marked farming planting and harvesting dates and festivals.

Finally we have 15-minutes free activity in the countryside vegetable fields. You may like farmers to pick fruits, vegetables you like in the fields.

了解藏传佛教的朋友也许都知道，六世仓央嘉措在被押送至青海时神密失踪，他到底在哪里圆寂?他的转世又该是谁?后续的藏传佛教史上的阿拉善这一分支如何解释?这些都已成为一无解之秘。也许唯一的解释就是：佛就是佛，只要信仰他，他便与你同在!

只身遁去的六世达来罗桑仁钦仓央嘉措游历印度、西藏、四川、安多等地后，与1716至1746年期间在阿拉善弘法30年，被当地人尊为上师葛根，他的思想与阿拉善的历史紧紧相连,一段段神奇的故事在这里代代相传。1746年仓央嘉措在腾格里沙漠腹地圆寂，他是广宗寺第一世葛根……

仓央嘉措的心传弟子阿旺多尔济尊师傅遗愿，做了十年准备后与乾隆二十一年(1756年)开工修建广宗寺弘法。次年建成后将仓央嘉措的法体搬至寺内供奉，迎请仓央嘉措的传世灵童座床、举行盛大开光仪式。乾隆二十五年(1760年)清廷赐藏满蒙汗四种文字的乾隆御笔金匾。历史上这里的寺庙建筑规模之大、僧侣人数之多、经典制度之完善、宗教级别之高足以和青海塔尔寺相并论。

这里天似八幅金轮、地如八瓣莲花，呈现吉祥之徽。传说远在唐朝时期十六罗汉和达摩居士就在这里夏安居，罗汉的脚印现在还清晰的留在山洞前的青石上。广宗寺有两位活佛，一位是六世的转世，称葛根;另一位是藏王第巴的转世，称喇嘛坦。六世又转六世后又神秘失踪，至今仍是个不解之谜。

贺兰山是中国为数不多的几个南北走向山脉之一，是中国半干旱气候与干旱气候的分界线。如果说南方水山似工笔画之玲珑剔透，贺兰山则如泼黑大写意，豪迈、粗犷，像北方汉子的脊梁……这里生长这63科214属496种植物，其中被列为国家重点保护的珍贵植物有沙冬青、野大豆、羽叶丁香、四合木等。药用植物310种，纳入国家药典的正品药材70余种。这里生活着51种兽类和115种鸟类，其中属于国家二类保护的25种。此外，这里还有18种爬行动物和275种昆虫，可谓是天然生物宝库。

这里是最能集中体现额鲁特蒙古和硕特部传统文化的地方。1697年，清康熙帝将贺兰山西、黄河以北、祁连山以东，也就是今阿拉善大部地区划分给和硕特部首领和罗理，此后的二百多年来，九位清朝格格远嫁阿拉善。因此，阿拉善和硕特蒙古文化中又融入了许多满族文化与北京文化……

做为一个刚入行的新导游，首先要会带兰州一日游，当然兰州一日游是兰州导游最基本的东东.一般兰州一日游都是早上接6点50分的从敦煌下来的火车，接站的时候导游一般在东站口聚集，或者可以去站台接是最好的，接上以后一般是在新世纪用早餐，或者是迎宾，要末就是青香阁{灵活掌握}，当然费用签单

或者现付。用完早餐后就开始今天的行程了，在旅游大巴上开始做讲解时，一般最好不要讲考导游证的书面知识，因为当一个游客来到一个陌生的都市来说，他最关心的城市的面积，人口，教育，大学。收入 ，交通，人文，方言，包括美女，住房，消费等现实生活中的东西。如果你刚入行在从火车站接团去

黄河风情线的路上讲一些书面知识是没人听，因为这是在车上，客人最关心的是车窗外的新鲜事物，也就是说沿途看到什么讲什么，才能抓住游客的吸引力。假如从火车站接团你可能会讲到，兰州火车站的历史，包括铜奔马碉像，兰州的街道，兰州大学，飞天大酒店，中间穿插讲兰州的古称，市树，市花{主要是推玫瑰，三炮台}国芳百盛，体育馆，住房，收入，交通，南关什子，中山大厦{黑兰州，百合}阳光大厦，王进喜，中山路，孙中山，陆都心脏，兰州方言，张掖路，黄河风情线，最后到达第一个景点水车园。

这是最基本的程序。在兰州一般所参观的景点是水，黄，铁，白。我一般带团是黄河母亲是在车上讲，不在景点讲，为什么那，因为一到旺季是好多团队在一起时，你在讲的时候客人都在抢最佳位置照象，影响你的讲解情绪。所以在车上讲比较好。在黄河母亲停留时间不过10分钟。水车圆就要看情况了，最基本的水车大家都会讲不用我说，当然羊皮筏子算是一个重头戏了~~~~~属于个人业务问题。当然我不喜欢推羊皮筏子，因为我有恐水证，哈哈开个玩笑，只不过每次做的时候客人都要把我拉上一块坐，导游不坐的话，客人也就不坐了，没办法只有硬着头皮了。还有在水车圆的门口，葫芦店的老板会忠实的等候

你的~~~~~铁桥我一般会在白塔山上讲，因为在山上讲时没有人会围观你的，比较安静，不向在铁桥边好嘈杂的噪音呀，那么上白塔上的话两种途径，要末走上去，要末缆车上，自己依据情况选择，我的团队基本上缆车上，比较节省体力。对导游来说也不亏，给旅行社也省下费用了，何乐而不为呀。当然在讲白塔山时，并不是主要讲白塔的，而让客人最信服你的是白塔山上的丝路全景图，这个是最能体现导游讲解水平的，当然该怎么讲自己的好好研究。一般步行上白塔山时先讲牌匾“九曲安澜”的含义，然后是砖雕“钟馗捉鬼图”重点是“丝路全景图”，最后是山顶的白塔和三宝，在山上休息时你也可以创收。就是三泡台。下山后，就是大家所熟知的百合店，矿石馆，陇翠堂，茶艺等，具体怎么进自己搭配。景点一般是在中午前就结束，下午比较松，如果是送晚上10点17分的火车的话，下午很好安排，逛接，开钟点房，洗脚，包场看歌舞都可以。不用我说，大家比我明白了。晚上安全送站。结束行程

hello everyone! Welcome to Wuyishan. Im your little guide. You can call meXiao Zheng. Today, I will take you to visit Wuyi Mountain.

Now we come to Sangu Town, the starting point of Wuyishan Scenic spot. Youcan see the three rocks on the opposite mountain. They are like three girlsstanding quietly, so they are called Sangu town. Because there is such amagnificent rock standing on the top of the mountain, it is called Dawang peak.It is the first of the thirty-six peaks of Wuyi Mountain. We park there for 20minutes, and you can get off to visit and take photos.

Lets get in the car. Lets sit down. Next, we go to Jiuqu River rafting toappreciate the charm of Wuyi Mountain.

Jiuqu stream is the core scenic spot of Wuyi Mountain, with Shili stream,Jiuqu River Bend and the famous jade girl peak by the river. Please put on yourlife jackets, sit on the bamboo rafts, follow the instructions of the raftersalong the way, do not stand up at will, pay attention to safety, and ensure thatthere is no accident.

This place is called star village, which is the starting point of ourdrifting. The rafting will take about an hour. The Jiuqu River is ten milesaway. The water is clear, the pool is deep, the beach is fast, and there aremany bays. In the water, there are many beautiful army fish; on both sides,there are many strange peaks and rocks; looking up, there are ancient hangingcoffins on the cliff. On the raft, you can listen to the rafters talk about thescenery and legends on both sides of the Strait. Ill wait for you at therafting Wharf under the jade girl peak. I wish you a good taste of Jiuqurafting.

hello everyone! Just now, you must have seen that there is a mountain peakon the left, which is made up of a whole rock. The flat rocks incline to thebottom one by one. The raft Union told you that it is called shaibuyan. We aregoing to visit Tianyou peak next to it now.

The terrain of Tianyou peak is high, and there are often clouds. Themountain road is steep and rugged, the stream is deep and the rock is dangerous.Only by carefully following the stone steps and climbing the iron chain canpeople reach the top of the mountain. Standing at the top of the peak, the JiuquRiver twists and turns from its feet. Cool wind, white clouds near; clear water,green mountains, in front of you, at this time, people really have the feelingof touring the sky, the upper reaches of the sky. Tianyou peak at the foot ofthe cloud nest, tea hole and other attractions. Yunwo is a deep narrow valleysurrounded by cliffs. People in a valley, such as at the bottom of a well, aresurrounded by streams and clear springs; there are caves and ravines in themountains, where clouds grow and fog gather, so people call it cloud nest. Deepin the valley, there are tea trees, green bamboos, caves on the stone wall, andclear water in the mountain stream. Its a famous tea Cave Scenic Spot, and itsalso the place where fairy lives in legend. You have to go in and have a goodlook.

On the left side of Tianyou peak is Taoyuan Cave Scenic Area, where thereare Laozis big stone statue, Shoutao stone and Sanqing temple. You can go downthere from the top of Tianyou peak and come out along the valley to Jiuqu River.Ill wait for you there first. On the road, we must pay attention to the foot,safety first! In two hours, we have to gather by the stream. OK, lets go to thesky now.

Thank you for being there on time. I would like to tell you that Mr. Zhu Xiof the Song Dynasty lived for more than 40 years at the foot of Tianyou peak andJielu by Jiuqu stream, making Wuyishan the cultural center of the whole countryat that time. Now his memorial is built there. Lets go and have a look.

Well, todays journey is coming to an end. I hope you will have a good resttonight. If you have time, you can go to Sangu town and buy some localspecialties like tea, root carving, oranges and so on. Tomorrow well go to thefamous rock tea Dahongpao tea tree, yixiantian, shuijiandong and otherplaces.

Thank you very much! See you tomorrow.

龙宫是国家级风景名胜区，距贵州西线旅游中心城市安顺市27公里，有高等级公路直达景区。龙宫风景区以水溶洞群为主体，更集旱溶洞、瀑布、峡谷、峰丛、绝壁、湖泊、溪河、民族风情、宗教文化于一身，构成一幅怡然自得的人间仙境画图。

景区以溶洞、洞穴、瀑布为主体，堪称黔中一绝，包括龙宫、油菜湖、漩塘、蚂蟥四大片区。龙宫中心区有卧龙湖、迎宾洞、龙门飞瀑、龙潭天池、龙宫暗湖、蚌壳岩、虎穴洞等景点组成，上下辉映，别有洞天，宛如神话中龙王所居的水晶宫殿。天池是一个山间湖泊，澄绿如玉，俗称龙潭，湖水下泻，从巨大的溶洞跌拓而下，水墙壁立，宽25米，高约50米，惊涛奔涌，蔚为壮观，此即龙门，据称为中国地下瀑布之冠。

这里有五段串珠式的暗洞、湖溶洞型地下河，五进五出，称为五进龙宫，全长15公里，造型非常奇特，是中国目前发现的，最长的水上岩溶。

洞穴附近还有三岔和田原风光、石林公园、龙旗洞和龙潭布依族村寨。龙宫是国家级风景名胜区特色：

一是被游客誉称为“中国惟美水溶洞”的地下暗河溶洞。龙宫水溶洞长达15公里，为国内之冠。目前景区对外开放了二段，长1260米，洞内钟乳千姿百态，与北方溶洞相比更显细致与精巧，与南方溶洞相比更显神秘与奇特，其洞厅构造宛如神话中的龙王宫殿。“地下漓江、天上石林”的溶洞风景价值，是目前国内已发现的其它同类型景区中无以比拟的，大诗人艾青称“大自然的大奇迹”，国画大师刘海粟誉“天下奇观”，中国溶洞专家感叹“览龙宫知天下水洞，荡轻舟临人间仙境”。“山不在高，有仙则名，水不在深，有龙则灵”，龙宫就是这样的人间天堂。

二是是国最大的洞中寺院——龙宫观音洞。观音洞，总体面积达2万多平方米，最大的特点就是所有的殿堂都是天然溶洞。人工雕刻佛像32尊，其中观音像高达12.6米，主殿上有一天然神似观音的钟乳石，天然和人造的佛像浑为一体。天下名山僧占多，而天然溶洞寺院实属罕见，其规模居全国之首。

三是是国最大的洞中瀑布——龙宫龙门飞瀑。龙门飞瀑，高50余米，宽26米，流水以喷泻之势钻山劈石，气势磅礴，万马奔腾，十分壮丽。而它下一个发威的地方，就是30公里外名播天下的黄果树大瀑布。

四是山不转水转的旋水奇观——龙宫漩塘。一个面积达万余平方米的圆塘，池水不借风力，日日夜夜、年年岁岁永不停歇地沿着顺时针方向旋转着。景象珍奇，令游客陶醉，中央电视台科学教育频道《走进科学》栏目特别就此进行过探密和报道。

延安革命纪念馆位于延安城北王家坪，建于1950年，是中华人民共和国成立后最早建立的革命纪念馆。展馆正门上方悬挂着红色匾牌，上有郭沫若1971年来延参观时题写的馆名。1996年被中宣部定为全国爱国主义教育示范基地。20xx年5月被国家文物局评定为首批国家一级博物馆，20xx年3月起免费开放。

馆藏文物31130件，其中一级文物l34件，二级文物2236件，是全国革命类博物馆藏品最多的纪念馆之一。藏品有土地革命、抗日战争、解放战争时期的棉纺、石刻、铁器、手稿、文件、书报杂志、货币、邮票、-等。展出的重要文物有：刘志丹用过的砚台、皮带、大衣、马鞍;谢子长的眼镜、手枪;红二十七军三团政委李赤然用过的公文包;毛泽东赠张明科的手枪;“小米加步枪”的文物组合;边区参议会议员证;边区政府红色大印;李鼎铭的金属私章和使用的狼皮褥子;中央医院的出诊箱、魏一斋用过的听诊器;延安时期气象观测设备;干部学校的各种印章、教材、笔记、校旗;边区军民食用的豆钱钱、米糠、野菜，学习用的桦树皮、马兰纸、自制的桦树皮饭盒;新华化学厂生产的肥皂;兵工厂制造的武器;边区银行印钞票的油滚、石板、印刷机及印刷纸币、光华商品代价卷;大生产运动中颁发的奖状、奖章、纪念证和宣传材料;毛泽东等人的手稿及著作早期版本、题词手迹;“四八”烈士遗物;延安时期出版的《新中华报》、《解放日报》、《解放周刊》、《边区群众报》等等。其中有许多文物弥足珍贵，被列为国家一级文物。“实事求是”石刻：这是l943年毛泽东为中央党校的题词。镌刻在四块二尺见方的方石上，原嵌于中央党校礼堂正门上方。1947年胡宗南军队进犯延安时，把礼堂全部毁坏。由于党校师生事先将石刻从墙壁上取出，埋人地下，石刻幸免于难。建国后，延安师范学校在党校原址上劳动时挖出了石刻，交于延安革命纪念馆保存。石日晷：延安自然科学院使用过的计时器，采用当地粗沙石制成，长77厘米。宽41.5厘米，厚l9厘米，呈长方形，石块上画一半圆，圆心竖一短棍，棍影随太阳升落不断移动，对应于石块所刻l.12钟点。1947年国民党军队进犯延安时，埋于地下，1953年出土，交纪念馆保存。炕桌：长51厘米，宽37.5厘米，高31.5厘米，黑漆斑驳。l936年2月5日，毛泽东、彭德怀率东征红军驻进清涧县袁家沟，当晚宿于农民白育才家中，毛泽东在此桌上办公。次日，陕北大雪。2月7日，毛泽东伏案疾书，写下千古绝唱《沁园春·雪》。毛泽东作诗的“书桌”就是这张小炕桌。毛泽东离开后，房东一直将之作为传家宝，精心保护ol972年被纪念馆从袁家沟征回展出。黄呢大衣：刘志丹烈士遗物。刘志丹在从事兵运工作时，得到这件大衣。后来送给高维嵩，刘志丹牺牲后，高维嵩把它交给母亲保存，l953年，他赠送给纪念馆。小青马：毛泽东的座骑标本。鞍辔齐全，栩栩如生。西北局从三边草地选购回延安，毛泽东的警卫员贺清华在南门外体育场试骑后决定留为毛泽东的座骑。转战陕北途中，它是毛泽东的主要代步工具。一次，在部队未发现敌情的情况下，它机警地把毛泽东驮在山崖隐蔽处，躲过了国民党飞机的侦察。中共中央进驻北平后，小青马作为军功马被送到北京动物园饲养。随着岁数的增大，毛色渐白，成了一匹白马，1962年衰老而终，马皮被制成标本。l964年8月，运回延安。据说，它临终前，头向中南海方向长嘶三声，似同主人告别。

大家好!欢迎大家来兵马俑博物馆参观。

早听说西安有著名的秦始皇兵马俑，那是闻名中外的奇观。这次我在报纸上看见，兵马俑要运到福州来展出，马上就能亲眼目睹我向往已久的兵马俑了，我高兴极了，马上要求妈妈带我去参观，妈妈同意了。

一大早，我们就乘车来到福州博物馆，买好门票，我们就朝大门走去，一进门，就看见一架气势磅礴四匹马拉的古代马车，上面有一个人驾御，原来它就是秦始皇的御驾——铜车马。再往前走，在显眼的地方摆着一把锋利无比的刀刃，这就是青铜剑。听讲解员介绍，我知道青铜剑表面有着一层化学涂层，有良好的防腐性能，难怪两千多年过去了，这把剑还是银光闪烁。据说这把剑从来没有被使用过。

不一会儿，我跟随讲解员来到了秦俑最多的地方，有高级军吏俑、铠甲武士俑、战袍武士俑、铠甲军吏俑、跪射俑、立射俑和百戏俑。除百戏俑以外都是军官类，百戏俑是杂耍艺人的形象。只见秦俑身着战袍，排成几行，个个栩栩如生，形态逼真。这些与人等高的陶武士俑，面部神态、服式、发型都各不相同。这些威风凛凛的兵马俑，使我赞叹不已。我国古代劳动人民用自己平凡的双手创造了一个多么不平凡的奇迹呀!

今天真是我最最开心的星期天，让我大开眼界，真是不虚此行啊!

欢迎大家来到这里，下面我来为大家介绍一下!

黑里河自然保护区位于内蒙古赤峰市宁城县西部，隶属燕山山脉土七老图山支脉。黑里河自然保护区1996年晋升为内蒙古自治区级自然保护区，20__年6月6日经国务院批准，晋升为国家级自然保护区。总面积为27638公顷。主要保护对象是以大面积天然油松林为代表的暖温型针阔混交林生态系统及生物多样性资源。

保护区地处河北、内蒙古两省区的交界地带，绵延着燕山山脉的七老图山支脉，中国七大河流之一的辽河就从这里奔涌而出。陡峭的中山地貌，不仅造就了这里冷寒湿润的地带性小气候，更突出了植物的垂直式多样性分布。高山草甸、蒙古栎林、白桦林、青杨林、胡桃楸林，在尽显生命的蓬勃与昂扬。除了壮丽宏阔的山地天然植物景观。

这里还有冰臼、冰川漂砾、冰石河等冰川地貌组成的自然地质遗迹景观。它与翠绿的农田、散落的村庄和人工湖交相辉映，体现着人与自然和谐与矛盾的统一。这便是被专家誉为“华北植物区系的门户”、总土地面积532平方公里的国家级黑里河水源涵养林自然保护区。

黑里河自然保护区黑里河自然保护区山势陡峻、海拔770-1836米，素有“塞外西双版纳”之美誉。旅游区内峰峦叠翠，野生动植物品种繁多，是探险、狩猎和旅游的胜地。春夏之际，映山红、桃花、杏花、玫瑰花、十样锦等花卉，赤橙粉紫蓝白黄，缤纷夺目。

在1万多公顷的原始森林中，有松、柏、枫、椴、柞、桦等数十个高大树种，还有山葡萄、蕨菜、木耳、猴头蘑、黄花等名贵山珍和山核桃、山杏、山枣、山梨等野果。这里还是飞禽走兽的乐园。有山鸡、黄莺、山鹰、大鸨、山鸽、喜鹊、画眉、大雕、老鹳等珍贵鸟类。豹、熊、狼、狐狸、猞猁、山兔、狍子、獾、刺猬等出没山林。这里曾是游人墨客、帝王将相游玩狩猎的场所。清康熙帝曾在此围猎，设园林。游览区内有千姿百态、形神各异的奇峰怪石，悬崖峭壁。

道须沟景区道须沟景区

道须沟景区位于黑里河自然保护区西南的道须沟实验区，核桃楸、猕猴桃、黄菠萝、五味子、山葡萄等各种各样的奇特树木应有尽有，被科学家称为“华北区系植物的宝库”。

这里有中国面积最大的花岗岩石塘林，置身其中，脚下是厚厚的苔藓覆盖的硕大砾石，头顶是遮天蔽日的树冠，身边无数山葡萄、猕猴桃、五味子、萝摩的腾蔓缠绕着山杨和白桦，犹如进入了热带雨林一般，这里简直就是“塞外西双版纳”。

道须沟景区各种类型的天然油松林在这里淋漓尽致地表现出来，纯林、混交林，就连裸露的岩石上，油松也顽强地扎下根系，形成裸岩油松林，仿佛无数棵“迎客松”列队欢迎游客得到来。沟谷中，流水潺潺，瀑布迭起，烟波浩淼，景色大有黄山之奇、庐山之秀。

黑里河林区建有国家林业局直属的针叶林育种基地，有十几个树种在此繁育。

林区内还有兰花山、仙人桥、一线天、石河等自然景观。兰花山玲珑剔透，石林相间;仙人桥是仅一米宽的石甬道，两边是万丈深渊;一线天是奇峰异石间的通路，只可一人挤过;石河是第四纪冰川遗迹，堪称地质奇观。

黑里河自然保护区属温带落叶阔叶林区，森林茂密、物种丰富，生物区系

复杂，植被重直带谱明显。初步查明，保护区境内有3个植被型，24个群系。有野生维管束植物777种，其中药用植物540种，占有维管束植物总数的70%，苔藓植物176种，黑里河自然保护区的森林资源在内蒙古自治区占有重要地位，是京津唐地区重要的天然屏障，仅中国特有种油松就有面积达4667公顷的天然分布，是中国面积最大、长势最好的天然油松林，十分珍贵。保护区境内有珍稀濒危苔藓植物13种，其中植物的黄檗(黄菠萝)、葛枣猕猴桃是保护区极度濒危物种。黑里河自然保护区已成为我国天然油松重要的种源繁育基地。

黄檗:为第三纪古热带植物区系的孑遗植物，落叶乔木，高15-22米，;树皮灰褐色至黑灰色，深纵裂，木栓层发达，柔软，内皮鲜黄色;小枝橙黄色或淡灰色，有明显的心形大叶痕;裸芽生于叶痕内，黄褐色，被短柔毛。奇数羽状复叶，对生或近互生;小叶5-15，卵状披针形或卵形，长5-11厘为，宽2-4厘米，先端长渐尖，基部圆楔形，通常歪斜，下面主脉或主脉基部两侧有白色软毛，边缘微波状或具不明显的锯齿，齿间有黄色透明的油腺点。花单性，雌雄异株，聚伞状圆锥花序顶生;花小，黄绿色，萼片5，卵状三角形，长1-2毫米，花瓣5，长圆形，长3毫米;雄花的雄蕊5，与花瓣互生，较花瓣长1倍，退化子房小;雌花的雄蕊退化成小鳞片状，子房倒卵圆形，有短柄，5室，每室有1胚珠。浆果状核果近球形，成熟时黑色，有特殊香气与苦味;种子2-5，半卵半卵形，带黑色。

保护区有鸟类117种，哺乳动物33种。重点保护鸟类19种，重点保护哺乳动物2种，其中鸟类的金雕、勺鸡，哺乳动物的金钱豹、黑熊等是保护区极度濒危物种，已起了全社会的关注。

勺鸡:属于国家二级保护动物。中型鸡类。全长约60厘米。雄鸟头部暗辉绿色，头顶有棕黑色的长冠羽;颈侧在耳羽下各有一大白斑。背羽灰色，具“V”形黑色纵纹，羽片披针形。飞羽暗褐色。尾羽褐灰色，具杂斑，末端白色。下体胸部栗色，越向腹部羽色越淡，杂有白纹。嘴黑色，脚暗红色。雌鸟上体棕褐色，背羽也具“V”形黑纹。下体淡栗褐色。

勺鸡栖息于海拔1500～4000米的高山针阔叶混交林中。以植物根、果实及种子为主食。终年成对活动，秋冬成家族小群。4月底至7月初繁殖，在地面以树叶、杂草筑巢。每窝产卵5～7枚，乳黄色，带不规则浅红或茶褐色的粗斑。孵卵以雌鸟为主，21～22天，雏鸟出壳后能独立活动。

黑里河自然保护区素有“塞外西双版纳”之美誉，旅游区内峰峦叠翠，野生动植物品种繁多，是探险、狩猎和旅游的胜地。在1万多公顷的原始森林中，有松、柏、枫、椴、柞、桦等数十个高大树种，还有山葡萄、蕨菜、木耳、猴头蘑、黄花等名贵山珍和山核桃、山杏、山枣、山梨等野果。这里还是飞禽走兽的乐园。有山鸡 、黄莺、山鹰、大鸨、山鸽、喜鹊、画眉、大雕、老鹳等珍贵鸟类。豹 、熊、狼、狐狸、猞猁、山兔、狍子、獾、刺猬等出没山林。这里曾是游人墨客、帝王将相游玩狩猎的场所。清康熙帝曾在此围猎，设园林。游览区内有千姿百态、形神各异的奇峰怪石，悬崖峭壁。

灵岩寺所处的这座秀丽的山峦，名叫灵岩山，使泰山的十二支脉之一。海拔687.3米，大家请看灵岩山与其他有什么不同呢?唉，对了，他的顶既不是园的也不是尖的而是方的，因此它又叫方山。又像一方官印，因此又叫玉符山。灵岩寺是全国重点文物保护单位，具有“海内四大名刹之首”(天台国青寺，江陵玉泉寺，南京栖霞寺)的盛名。明代文学家王世贞曾说“灵岩是泰山背最幽绝处，游泰山而不至灵岩，不成游也。”现在就让我们去感受一下灵岩寺的风韵吧。

我们现在来到山门金刚殿，殿内塑有“哼哈二将”，专为把手大门守护寺院的安全，走过“聚美”小桥。现在我们看到的是“二门山”，他建于明代，又叫天王殿，殿内望有四大天王，建筑风格为单檐硬山顶，殿内有唐，宋，金，元，明，清碑碣十七块。记载了灵验的历史沿革及影响。(东边为钟楼，西边为鼓楼，因为“晨钟暮鼓”之说)。

朋友们现在我们就来到了大雄宝殿，原为宋代的献殿，明清重修。建筑风格前后是不一样的，前为外廊式卷棚顶，后为硬山顶。造型精巧玲珑显示我国古代劳动人民的艺术才能。现在殿内的石柱及柱础，还是宋代的遗物。上额的彩画边很生动逼真，充满生活气息。

现在我们面前的这座宏伟壮观的大殿就是千佛殿，它是灵岩寺中保存最完好，规模最宏大的主体建筑。(建筑风格为单檐殿顶，面阔七间，进深四间，给人的感觉是非常宏伟壮观的)。这座大殿是唐代高僧惠崇创建的，宋代扩修，(唐宋时为寺中主殿，成为大雄宝殿)，现在殿宇为明代的建筑，虽然自创建以历代重修，有些已非原物，但现在仍保存着唐宋的建筑风格。进到殿中，中置长方形须弥座座上有三尊大佛，中间为吡户遮那佛(藤胎)，东为药师佛(明成十三年)西为阿弥陀佛(明嘉靖二十二年)，大家也许都看到西殿上有许多高30厘米的铜铸和木雕小佛，“千佛殿”的名字也是由此而来的。

殿内正中佛坛之上供奉着七尊造像，正中释迦牟尼佛，结跏趺坐于须弥座上，像高2.4米。

这里的塑像，据说是他最后一次讲经说法时的形象，此次讲经，他并不讲话，叫做“不语说法”，只用右手持一朵鲜花，让众人猜测，即所谓“涅磐会上”“捻花示众”。大佛胸口字符号，表示大佛“福德无量”，“万德圆融”，所以身有瑞相，表示“吉祥之所集”，武则天定此符号读音为“万”。

释迦牟尼的左侧，为大弟子摩诃珈叶，在这次“不语说法”中，惟有他懂得了佛的真正用意，从而破颜微笑，后来被推为释迦牟尼的十大弟子之一，中国禅宗推崇他为印度传承的第一代祖师。

右侧站像为大弟子阿难，他博闻强记，被称为“多闻第一”，中国禅宗又推他为在印度传承佛法的第二代祖师。

珈叶左侧为文殊菩萨，右持经书，《般若经》，以知识渊博，聪明智慧著称;阿难右侧为普贤菩萨，手持如意钩，德行圆满，功过无边，以“行愿”著称。

释迦牟尼佛与文殊，普贤菩萨，合称为“释迦三圣”，这是三尊明代泥塑造像作品。东西侍立的是两尊供养天人，手持鲜花，体态娇娜，也称“散花天女”。在大佛讲经时，供养天人在高高的天上，纷纷散花，“天花乱坠”一词由此而来。

大佛殿东南角悬挂的是一口明代大钟，由太监黄锦所铸，重二千五百斤。据说白马寺内原来还有一口大钟，每当月白风清之夜，更深人静之时，僧人敲击，钟声四野传响，经久不绝，可远闻数十里。更奇妙的是，只要这口大钟一响，远在二十五里之外的洛阳老城钟楼上的大钟，也会应声而和，老城钟楼上的大钟一响，白马寺的大钟也立刻响起来，这就是“马寺钟声”，为“洛阳八大景”之一，也称“夜半钟”，是白马寺六景之一。

殿西南角为___鼓。这里的钟、鼓都是僧人们进行佛事活动时所敲打的乐器。

大佛殿内后部，这尊面向北方的坐像，为观世音菩萨，由于背对大佛，又称“倒坐观音”。

现在我们看到的是第三重大殿----大雄殿。大雄殿，本为元代所重建，明、清时重修。殿门外东侧壁间，嵌有宋代重立的《摩腾入汉灵异记》刻石，毕无说它“字体绝类《圣教序》，北宋人书，犹有晋唐风格，良可爱也。”此刻石记载了汉明帝修建齐云塔的起始原委。

大家好，欢迎大家来黄山游玩，我是你们的导游陈可凡，大家可以叫我小陈，很荣幸带着大家游览黄山，祝大家一路开心。

黄山位于安徽省南部黄山市境内，为三山五岳中三山之一。黄山为道教圣地，遗址遗迹众多，中华十大名山之一，有“天下第一奇山”之美誉。

大家知道黄山最有名的“四绝”是指哪四绝吗？是的，四绝就是奇松、怪石、温泉、云海。相信大家都知道，奇松就是指黄山上的松树，而怪石小朋友们都知道，是指那些奇形怪状的石头，像天狗望月，仙人指路等。黄山的温泉嘛，以含重碳酸为主，自唐代以来享誉千年，大家应该泡过。但云海却是在晴天才有的，那景色才叫壮观！不信的朋友，等会儿咱们一起来见证。

好了，今天的第一站我们来参观“奇松”，你们看我左手边的这棵松树是黄山的标志性景观——迎客松，它高10米，胸径0.64米，树龄至少已有800年，一侧枝丫伸出，多么像是在欢迎着我们的到来呢！这样的松树，大家在黄山上还会经常看到，等会儿请大家留心观赏。

接下来我们来参观怪石。瞧，那边的那块石头像不像一只狗把天上的月亮当成了一块大月饼，正蹲着等它掉下来呢？后来人们常说的“天上不会掉馅饼”，估计就是从这块石头引发出来的。前面那块石头叫“猴子观海”，看上去那块石头像一只猴子抱着双脚在看海沉思……据说世界著名雕像《思想者》的作者，就是参观了这块石头才产生创作灵感。你们说黄山的怪石是各式各样，看完是不是让你留恋呢？

现在我们登上光明顶，脚下那片白茫茫又是什么呢？那是云啊！云现在就在我们脚下飘。看着是不是觉得不可思议呀。一大片一大片的云围绕在我们身旁，触手可及，一眼望不到尽头，给人一种如梦如幻的感觉。这是黄山的又一奇——云海。

时间过得真快啊，这次游览现在也要结束了，黄山四绝是不是很奇妙呢？感谢大家对我们的支持与配合，希望我们下次还能有幸相遇，谢谢大家，再见！

各位游客，现在巍然屹立在村口迎接我们的就是胡文光刺史坊了，原先这里依次排列有13座牌坊，大部分被拆毁。大家看，这个牌坊它通体用质地细腻的黟县青砌成的，雕琢精绝，为我国石牌坊之瑰宝。说到胡文光，他可是很有名的，明嘉靖时，他在担任江西万载知县期间造福于民为百姓所爱戴，升任胶州刺史，政绩卓著，至湖北荆王府长史，受四品朝列大夫，被誉为“荆藩首相”。明神宗皇帝恩准建造这座牌坊以弘扬他的政绩，流传后世。大家再看一下，这檐下斗拱上刻有32个圆形花盘饰纹，相当的精美吧，这象征着胡文光为官32年，也表达了他对皇恩浩荡的感激之情。

各位团友，咱们继续往前进，现在我们就站在了敬爱堂的门前了，它是清代重建的胡氏宗祠，一直是胡氏族人的议事之所，它是一座跨度为30米的砖木结构建筑，大家看一下，它下厅两根6米高的黑色大理石柱与上厅两根直径近2尺的银杏木柱相望对称，承托着规整的梁架，多么雄伟壮观!大家看到后厅的这个硕大的“孝”字吗?这是南宋理学家朱熹写的，咱们在仔细看一下这个“寿”字，是不是隐约能看到一个仰面拱手作揖、跪在地上孝敬长辈的俊俏后生，而他的后脑却像一个尖嘴猴头，这寓意：孝顺者为人，不孝者为畜，这充分体现了敬老尊老的中华美德。

我们现在走进的就是笃敬堂了，这里是大家胡积堂的一处居所，一进厅堂，首先映入眼前的是一幅遗像，画的就是胡积堂和他的三位夫人，大家猜一下这三位夫人哪位是大夫人哪位是二夫人哪位是三夫人?呵呵，一般人的思维都会觉得年老色衰者为大夫人，如果这样猜，那可就大错特错了，告诉大家吧，他的大夫人红颜薄命年纪轻轻就离世，所以容颜仍然俊美，因此，根据她们的排列顺序来判断，还是比较准确的，然后咱们再来看一下胡积堂的服饰，他头戴蓝宝石花翎，身着补服，一看就知道他是一位三品大员了，怎么看出来的呢?这要涉及到我国古代官衔着装及饰物的知识了，在古代，红宝石为一品、红珊瑚为二品、蓝宝石为三品，文官佩戴家禽图案，武官佩戴野兽图案，细看一下，胡积堂衣服上饰有家禽图案，因此我们说他是一位三品文官。笃敬堂最具特色的当数这两侧的楹联了“读书好营商好效好便好，创业难守业难知难不难”，联文将营商和读书相提并论，表达了徽商渴求提高自身地位的愿望。

好了，游客朋友们，我们又参观了迪吉堂、追慕堂和鸳鸯堂等景点，西递之游也就结束了，待会儿集合乘车用过午饭后，我们将前往宏村，同样是皖南的古村落，宏村又有哪些特别之处呢?宏村又被称为牛形村，牛头、牛胃、牛角、牛肚又是怎么样的呢?《卧虎藏龙》拍摄的蜻蜓点水之地又在哪里?下午就让我们去一探究竟吧!

日月山是青海东部农业区和西部牧业区的分水岭，山的货色两侧做作人文景观差别极为显明。山麓两边景色迥然不同：山麓西边是广袤苍茫，牧草丰茂，牛羊成群的大草原;山麓东边是村落点点，梯田阡陌，麦浪滚滚的农区。

日月山南北朝至唐代时叫做赤岭，是北魏和吐谷浑、唐和吐蕃的界山，因山顶砂土赤红而得名。它属于拉脊山脉西端，北起青海湖东部的耳海，南接湟中群加，连绵数十里。日月山是青海东部外流河与内陆河的分水岭，也是青海东部农业区和牧业区的天然分界限。这里山峦起伏，峰岭巍峨，气象严寒，雨水充分，水草丰美。山麓两边景色大同小异：山麓西边是广袤苍莽，牧草丰茂，牛羊成群的大草原;山麓东边是村落点点，梯田阡陌，麦浪滚滚的农区。每年六至玄月，山坡之上绿草如茵，野花残暴，帐篷点点，风景非常壮观。日月山口的南北各有1个乳峰，其外形似太阳和月亮。

日月山，地处要塞，局势峭拔，策略地位主要。很早以来，它就是祖海内地通往西南边境的交通要道，也是汉藏人民友好往来，通商商业的纽带。早在汉代，日月山已成为我国“丝绸辅道”的一大驿站。唐代时，日月山更是唐蕃旧道的必经之路。

公元618年，唐朝建破后，与边境各民族和气相处，各族领袖纷纭差遣使者向唐朝求婚，唐朝先后有15位公主嫁到兄弟民族当中。当时的吐蕃国王松赞干布开明治国，为引进文明、加深友情、安宁边疆，在与唐朝树立友爱关联后，派禄东赞到长安求婚，得到唐太宗应允。文成公主自幼被唐太宗和皇后收养，深得心疼。公主远嫁，唐太宗筹备了各种日用器皿、珠宝饰物、绫罗绸缎及书籍、药物、蚕种、谷种等作为嫁奁，还派乐队、工匠伴随去吐蕃。公元641年正月，唐朝派李道宗护送公主从长安出发，经咸阳、陇西、临夏，度过黄河，进入青海，沿湟水西行。过日月山后，先与嫁给吐谷浑王诺曷钵的唐朝弘化公主，在大河坝邻近的馆驿中，举办隆重宴会，唐、吐蕃、吐谷浑三方亲朋欢聚一堂。之后，公主一行持续南行。松赞于布亲身率兵在扎陵湖南岸，筑馆安营，迎接公主，李道宗主持了隆重的婚礼。松赞干布跟文成公主经玉树进入西藏，4月15日到达今拉萨，受到吐蕃人民盛大欢送。文成公主远赴西藏联姻，沿途留下了良多美妙的传说和史迹，千古传播，至今藏族国民依然称公主为“阿姐甲莎”，意思是汉族姐姐。

日月山，古今驰名，传说众多。其中流传最广，最为感人的莫过于文成公主进藏的故事。相传，唐太宗为了汉藏人民世代和好，将本人的宗室女儿文成公主许配给了藏王松赞干布。文成公主一行由江夏王李道宗、藏相禄东赞陪伴，从京都长安迤逦西行，来到了日月山。当公主登上山顶，举目环视时，但见山麓两边竟是截然不同的两个世界：一边是雨打芳草萋萋，一边是雪压枯草惨惨;一边是烟雨飘摇枝新，一边是玉鳞纷飞草叶枯，甚至连这里的日月，也不家乡那样晶莹、暖和，不禁心潮起伏，愁思万缕，潸然泪下。唐太宗据说公主怀乡思亲，不肯西进，为了替女儿解愁，特地锻造了一面日月如意宝镜送上此山，说是假如公主想家，翻开宝镜，能够从中看到故乡父母、故里江山。护送的吐蕃大相怕公主意到亲人，思故不进，便暗中将日月宝镜换成了石刻日月镜。公主拿起镜子来看，怎么也看不到长安城里的父母，认为是父皇薄情而在有意诈骗她。公主潸然泪下，泪水流成了倒淌河，由东向西汇人碧波万顷的青海湖。一气之下，将石刻日月镜抛在一边，断然西进。后来人们便把赤岭改名为日月山。唐代的开元年间，唐王朝和吐蕃王国还在日月山顶树立过汉藏和好碑，藏汉两族以日月山为界，和睦相处，并把日月山作为茶马互市之地。

日月山固然高不迭昆仑，险不如积石，既无苍翠的森林，又无嶙峋的怪石，有的只是一派苍茫。然而，从古到今，很多过往行人都愿登上日月山去追寻当年文成公主途经日月山时留下的踪迹。为此，人们早先在日月山顶修筑了庙宇。惋惜被人损坏。近年，人们又在日月山口修建了两座造型雅观、作风奇特的日亭和月亭，供游人参观。

倒淌河发祥于日月山西麓的察汗草原，自西向东流经40多公里后注入青海湖的耳海。倒淌河是注入青海湖水量最小的一支，但河水明澈见底，长年一直。倒淌河因为河水向西流淌以及文成公主的传说而名扬四海。

倒淌河镇是青藏公路和青康公路的交汇处，是西宁通往海西、西藏、玉树、果洛、海南等的必经之地。镇内建有留念文成公主的雕塑公园，亦是旅行休息就餐的好处所。

日月山双亭在日月山口，有为纪念唐代文成公主进藏联姻而建的日月二亭。唐贞观十五年(公元641年)，宗室女文成公主远嫁吐蕃赞普松赞干布，由长安去拉萨在这里停留，留下许多历史佳话和神奇的传说，给日月山增加了一层神秘颜色。开元二十一年(公元733年)断定唐朝和吐蕃以赤岭分界，并立界碑，成为民族友好的象征。20世纪80年代中期建筑的日月二亭，成分立垭口两侧，建造精致、光辉。日亭内有青海省人民政府撰文刻制的“文成公主进藏纪念碑”，记述了文成公主和亲始未及历史功劳。亭内还绘有壁画，再现了文成公主进藏的历史面孔;月亭有可贵的“唐蕃赤岭分界碑”和文成公主在西藏传布中原文化，增进西藏文化艺术与出产成绩等方面的壁画。

欢迎大家来到这!我是你们的导游，我姓x，大家可以叫我小x。为了便于大家参观游玩，下面我首先大家介绍一下。

位于云南省西北部。为“香格里拉”旅游线路的腹地。从大理沿滇藏公路北行315公里，可达迪庆藏族自治州首府中甸县城中心镇，距昆明659公里，乘飞机50分钟可达。迪庆、藏语意为“吉祥如意的地方“。由于地处青藏高原东南边缘、横断山脉南段北端，“三江并流“之腹地，形成独特的融雪山、峡谷、草原、高山湖泊、原始森林和民族风情为一体的景观，为多功能的旅游风景名胜区。景区内雪峰连绵，为多功能的旅游风景名胜区。景区内雪峰连绵，云南省最高峰卡格博峰等巍峨壮丽、仅中甸县境内，海拔4000米以上的雪山就达470座峡谷纵横深切，最著名的有金沙江虎跳峡、澜沧江峡谷等大峡谷，再有辽阔的高山草原牧场、莽莽的原始森林以及星罗棋布的高山湖泊，使迪庆的自然景观神奇险峻而又清幽灵秀。

香格里拉藏语意为“心中的日月”，英文SHANGRI-LA的汉语音译，英语发音则源于香格里拉的腹地的藏语方言。

这里生活着藏、僳僳、汉、纳西、彝、白、回等13等种民族，他们团结和睦，在生活方式、服饰、民居建筑以及婚俗礼仪等传统习俗中，都保持了本民族的特点，形成了各民族独特的风情。

“香格里拉“一词，是1933年美国小说家詹姆斯·希尔顿在小说《失去的地平线中所描绘的一块永恒和平宁静的土地。是个有雪峰峡谷、金碧辉煌且充满神秘色彩的庙宇、被森林环绕着的宁静的湖泊、美丽的大草原 及牛羊成群的世外桃源。而迪庆却惟妙惟肖的拥有着詹姆斯· 希尔顿书中描写的一切，更加巧合的是，“香格里拉“一词是迪庆中甸的藏语，为“心中的日月“之意，它是藏民心目中的理想生活环境和至高至尚的境界。迪庆高原就是人们寻找了半个世纪的“香格里拉“。

重庆四面山景点导游词

重庆四面山景点导游词1

山水是我们心灵的归宿，每一片叶、每一棵树、每一朵云彩、每一缕阳光都可能会让大家演绎一份心情故事。朋友们抛却心中的承载，共同分享四面山带给我们心情的释放。首先我给各位介绍一下四面山概况。

四面山是国家级风景名胜区，是以山、水、林、瀑为一体的天然园林。它以森林为基调，以瀑布为特色，以丹霞地貌、溪流、湖泊等自然景观为主要内容，集山景、水景、林景和动植物景观于一身，秀山、悬瀑、峭岩、幽林各领风骚。以高距152米的全国第一高瀑——望乡台瀑布为代表的“四面山飞瀑群”已成为重庆新巴渝十二景之一。它处在距重庆主城西南135公里处，幅员面积213、37平方公里，属云贵高原大娄山北翼余脉，东西两面分别与綦江县和四川省合江县相邻，南面与贵州省习水县接壤，为重庆市与贵州省之间的界山。四面山属于亚热带季风湿润气候，年平均气温13、7摄氏度，降雨量1522、3毫米。成因上属侵蚀剥蚀向斜倒置山地。山体由产状近于水平的白垩系夹关组砖红色砂岩夹薄层页岩组成，故可称为丹霞地貌。山体大致呈东北--西南走向，长17千米，宽12千米，面积约300平方千米。一般山峰海拔1000米--1700米，最高峰蜈蚣岭海拔1709、4米，最低处海拔900米，平均海拔1300米。地势南高北低，呈三级台阶下降，河谷深切，重力地貌发育，多裂点，嶂谷、崩塌现象。森林覆盖率达95%。由于地质运动和水流侵蚀，区域内地形山高谷深而又纵横交错，沟长坡陡，悬殊的地形高差，使河流比降高，形成了众多瀑布，构成了特有的自然景观。

四面山的山，峻美而有灵性，圆锥形的山峰峰峰相连，山山相靠，如竹笋拔地而起，绵亘百里，故因此得名。

重庆四面山景点导游词2

四面山的林，虽没有大兴安岭那样连绵千里，但却是地球同纬度地区仅存的亚热带阔叶林区，水土和植被都保存完好，是天然的动植物宝库，拥有植物种类1500多种，珍稀植物有中华双扇蕨、桫椤、鹅掌揪、银杏、香果树、红豆杉等20余种，其中中华双扇蕨属史前植物，与恐龙同代，在地球上濒于绝迹。桫椤是地球上唯一幸存的木本树蕨之一，是最古老的“活化石，被列为国家一级保护植物。四面山有动物80多种，其中一、二级重点保护动物有云豹、毛冠鹿、猕猴、大灵猫、弹琴蛙、金鸡等23种，因此四面山有“动物基因宝库之称。

四面山的瀑布，千山万壑四面飞瀑交相呼应。置身四面山，飞瀑四面来。瀑布众多灵性不一，形态各异。据查，四面山有上百挂飞瀑，100米以上高度的有5挂，80米以上高度的有8挂，30米以上高度的有23挂，因此，四面山也以“瀑布之乡的美誉名扬天下。

四面山的湖泊，虽没有洞庭湖的浩瀚和千岛的曲折，却有处女湖的幽娴与宁静。湖水清明如镜，绿影婆纱，倒影如画。近万米长的洪海湖，扭曲着水蛇般的腰身，静卧在青山峻岭之间，被多才子雅士所钟爱。龙潭湖、林都湖、珍珠湖等8个湖泊，撒动着珍珠般的银光，如深山莽林中的8颗璀璨明珠，四面山因此被称为巴渝的九寨沟。

这些各具特色的山、林、瀑、湖、雾浑然天成，野趣迷人。不同的季节，幻化出不同的神韵。现已开发出一林二河三滩四坪五岭六沟七湖八洞九峰十岩、二十八挂瀑布、一百二十八个景点。春天，百花怒放、千鸟竞鸣，是回归大自然的理想去处;夏天，山静水幽，四面葱茏，是休闲、避暑的港湾;秋天，层林尽染，山水如画，是养精蓄锐的疗养胜地;冬天，银妆素裹，天地合一，是领略南国“北国风光”的天然场所。四面山为长期生活在“水泥森林”空间的市民提供了一个回归自然、返朴归真的良好生态自然环境。

四面山的人文景观也很有特色，最令人叫绝的是建于北宋建隆年间的集儒、释、道三教合一的朝源观两座山门上的两副楹联，千百年来难倒无数文人墨客和宗教界人士，至今无人_，老将军魏传统见了此联后，仅留下了“长乘胜迹联何解，留得通家过此关”的耐人寻味的诗句。另一处人文胜景是长163米，高9米的灰千岩摩崖壁画，它有着5020_年历史，造型独特、形态各异的飞禽走兽栩栩如生，给人一种震撼的古老力量，是凝聚着原始巴人劳动、生活、文化和智慧的结晶。它填补了川渝摩崖壁画的空白。

重庆四面山景点导游词3

各位游客：

你们好，欢迎你们来到江津旅游，我是你们的导游__。

四面山风景区位于重庆市西南部，距离重庆市主城区130公里，距江津城区90公里，属云贵高原大娄山北翼余脉，系地质学上的倒置山，拥有世界自然遗产“丹霞地貌”的特征，极具世界级品质的景观观赏价值。

四面山风景区幅员面积213.37平方公里，主要有望乡台、土地岩、龙潭湖、洪海、珍珠湖等核心景区(水口寺、坪山、大窝铺原始森林3大景区暂未开发)、128个景点，是中国长寿之乡、富硒之地，自然景观独特、生态环境优美、旅游资源丰富，极具游憩价值，是休闲度假首选的旅游目的地。

景区于1988年被确定为重庆市级自然保护区，1994年被评为第三批国家级重点风景名胜区，20_年被评为国家AAAA级旅游风景区，20_年被评为中国风景名胜区摄影基地、中国网民最关注的十大景区、被誉为中国最美十大森林公园”，望乡台瀑布被评为“中国最美十大瀑布”。同时洪洞村被评为“全国特色景观旅游名村”，四面村荣获“全国休闲农业与乡村旅游示范点”称号，“爱情天梯”被评为中国当代十大经典爱情故事，四面山爱情主题汽车影院露营地被评为“20_年中国十大自驾游宿营地”,20_年被评为重庆首批市级旅游度假区、“影响世界的中国文化旅游名景”。

四面山的瀑布最为壮观。有大小瀑布100多处。瀑布倾泻激荡，掀起满天烟雾，轰然鸣响，数里之外也能感受到其威势。望乡台瀑布高152米，宽40米，居我国高瀑之首;水口寺瀑布高94米，悬挂在一个天然洞穴之下，景象奇特;鸳鸯瀑布比翼齐飞，撩人遐思。四面山原始绿阔叶林带在同纬度中保存较好，其中属国家级重点保护动物16种，省级保护动物8种，为我国“物种基因的宝库”。

重庆四面山景点导游词4

四面山因山脉四面围绕，故名。山势南高北低，最高峰蜈蚣岭海拔1709.4米，最低处海拔560米。占地240平方千米。属中亚热带季风湿润气候，年均气温13.7℃，降水量1522.3毫米。景区景观以原始森林为基调，众多溪流、湖泊、瀑布点染于苍山绿树之间，丹霞地貌丰富其自然色彩，目不暇接的动、植物更为景区增添盎然生机。

四面山的瀑布最为壮观。有大小瀑布100多处。瀑布倾泻激荡，掀起满天烟雾，轰然鸣响，数里之外也能感受到其威势。望乡台瀑布高152米，宽40米，居我国高瀑之首;水口寺瀑布高94米，悬挂在一个天然洞穴之下，景象奇特;鸳鸯瀑布比翼齐飞，撩人遐思。风景区内的洪海湖，湖水晶莹清澈，静如明镜，蜿蜒逶迤于深山峡谷、莽莽森林之中。荡舟湖上，心旷神怡。

四面山原始绿阔叶林带在同纬度中保存较好，有植物1500多种，珍稀濒危植物19种，其中刺桫椤是3.5亿年前的史前残遗植物。动物207种，其中属国家级重点保护动物16种，省级保护动物8种。四面山不愧为我国“物种基因的宝库”。主要景点有大窝铺、八角尖、坪山、吊桥、花果山、水帘洞、骆驼山、象鼻岭、猴子山、老虎嘴、倒流水、和尚山、摩天岭等。

重庆四面山景点导游词5

四面山位于重庆市江津区境内，距重庆主城区130公里，距江津城区90公里。四面山系地质学上所谓“倒置山”，因山脉四面围绕，故名。山势南高北低，最高峰蜈蚣岭海拔1709.4米，最低处海拔560米。占地300平方千米。属中亚热带季风湿润气候，年均气温13.7℃，降水量1522.3毫米，森林覆盖率达95.41%。景区内共有8大景区、128个景点，其中尤以脍炙人口的“爱情天梯”、158米高、48米宽的“华夏第一高瀑”望乡台瀑布、中国最大心形景观“天下第一心”和世界首列的“七彩瀑布”最为知名。

特别推荐

望乡台瀑布(又称四面山大瀑布)望乡台瀑布景区是四面山的核心景区，瀑布高158米，宽48米，也是四面山众多瀑布中之最壮观者。白瀑悬空势若天河决下，水声如雷，震山撼谷，腾起的水雾如滚滚征尘。瀑布左右，形成两道乳白色的气流，袅袅升浮飘逸。阳光斜照，紫烟凌虚，化出无数彩虹，随游人观赏角度的不同而千变万化。

大小洪海大洪海：由响水滩南行2公里，有一高坝锁湖，蜿蜓长近万米，这便是大洪海。左岸，群鹤栖立，千树皆白。修竹万竿，碧叶婆娑，青翠欲滴。夹岸青山隐隐，百花含笑。满湖碧水粼粼，时有鸳鸯双双戏游。引得荡舟湖中的情侣一片欢声笑语。

小洪海：在大洪海尾部的苍茫林海之中。湖平波静，了无纤尘，如一块晶莹的宝镜，镶嵌在悲翠的世界之中

卧龙沟：深藏龙潭湖西岸中段，夹峙着两岸绝壁馋岩，沟内藤蔓悬垂，充满原始野趣。峡谷峻岭排空，天仅一线，终端形成一个坛口。一幅水帘从罅中垂下，在鱼鳞滩上被梳理成万缕银丝，奔突穿行于绿树红石之间。游人在白水织成的素娟和青绿织成的翠锦中攀援，犹如踏着青云直登天际。

各位团友，今天我讲解的内容是福州明清时期古建筑瑰宝——三坊七巷。

三坊七巷地处市中心，东临八一七北路，西靠通湖路，北接杨桥路，南达吉庇巷、光禄坊，占地约40公顷，现居民3678户，人口14000余人。三坊七巷是南后街两旁从北到南依次排列的十条坊巷的简称。三坊是：衣锦坊、文儒坊、光禄坊;七巷是杨桥巷、郎官巷、塔巷、黄巷、安民巷、宫巷、吉庇巷。由于吉庇巷、杨桥巷和光禄坊改建为马路，现在保存的实际只有二坊五巷。即使如此，在这个历史悠久的居民区内，仍然保留着丰富的文物古迹，保存一批名人故居和明清时代的建筑。在这居民区内，坊巷纵横，石板铺地;白墙青瓦，结构严谨;房屋精致，匠艺奇巧，集中体现了闽越古城的民居特色，是闽江文化的荟萃之所，被建筑界喻为一座规模庞大的明清古建筑博物馆。

“三坊七巷”是国家历史文化名城——福州的主要标志，被誉为明清古建筑博物馆。近代诗人陈衍诗云：“谁知五柳孤松客，却住三坊七巷间。”这大约就是“三坊七巷”的由来。

三坊七巷的民风民俗也是福州民风民俗的代表，许多节俗活动常以三坊七巷为中心，它包括民间信仰、岁时节庆活动、建筑物中的民俗等。

“月光光，照池塘;骑竹马，过洪塘;洪塘水深难得渡，等妹撑船来接郎。问郎长，问郎短，问郎几时返?”这是唐朝观察使常衮作的一首民谣。它曾给居住在三坊七巷的几代百姓带来多少童年的回忆。直到现在，特别是老一辈人听到这首琅琅上口的民谣仍激动不已。

三坊七巷，以它近300座的明清民居古建筑物闻名于世。古老的街巷，完整的坊里，配以古河道、古桥梁、古榕树，形成了古朴而富有特色的传统风貌，引起了国内外许多文物考古专家的广泛兴趣，成为游客前来福州的必到之处。可以说，它是“全国少见，江南仅有”。而老家在福州的海外游子，三坊七巷是他们魂牵梦绕、难以忘怀的故园乡土。

Yangzhou is an ancient historical and cultural city, is located in the eastern end of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river plain, in central jiangsu province, east near the yellow sea, and nantong, yancheng border; West nanjing, bordering liuhe, long county; In the south of the Yangtze river, and zhenjiang, wuxi across the river; Huai water in the north, adjacent to HuaiYin, the beijing-hangzhou grand canal in the north-south. Surrounded by HanJiang county, has always been the amphibious transportation hub, north and south by the throat, grain transportation important portal of north jiangsu.

Yangzhou guangling jiang offshore, traffic developed, rich products, known as the hometown of fish and rice. A straight, suburbs, baoying, HanJiang 2 counties, escrow yizheng, jiangdu, gaoyou corporation three county-level cities. Covers an area of 6638 square kilometers, 4.4 million people. City is flat, between 4 to 8 meters above sea level, mild climate all the year round.

Yangzhou is located in the Yangtze river and the huaihe river, in ancient times there is ancient and ancient human activity. Since 486 BC prince built Han city, fu Han open ditch, yangzhou city has 2484 years. Sui dynasty after the opening of the grand canal, yangzhou areas of southeastern China at the center of political, economic and cultural activities, the important port of foreign trade and international communication. Yangzhou in the tang dynasty, the rich of guilin, "quartet HaoShang businessman overseas exiles, more than hundreds of thousands of". Tang dynasty, the rise and fall several times. Once again appear in the qing dynasty "straight busy today times yesterday" thriving scene. In the middle of 19th century, due to various reasons, yangzhou gradually decline. After the founding of new China, the ancient city of yangzhou bloom. The famous the beijing-hangzhou grand canal across the border. Here beautiful scenery, the humanities ceremony, is the Chinese government announced the first one of the 24 famous historical and cultural city.

The citys industrial structure adjustment as the main line, vigorously carry out technological innovation and technological transformation, efforts to expand the advantage industry and the key leading enterprise, gradually optimizing economic structure, economic strength is growing. To further expand the international market, with the new situation of accession to the wto, actively participate in international competition, by implementing the strategy of market diversification, quality and great economic and trade, to speed up the adjustment foreign trade market structure, expand the industrial products export, encourage enterprises to use the comparative advantage, to promote their international business, overseas processing trade development, actively participate in international cooperation and competition.

"The world three clear moonlit, half knave is yangzhou." "Huai left names", "rich" of guilin city of yangzhou, is the home of general secretary jiang zemin, has been 2480 years of history. Yangzhou is well-known Chinese and foreign tourist destination, is the humanities ceremony, all bustling city, there are many places of historic interest and elegant gardens.

Yangzhou "west lake" has a long history of the past dynasties gardening expert, in miles long on both sides of the lake, built the "two dike flower LiuQuan depends on water, gazebo all the way until the mountain lake scenic spot; Buddha mountain temple throughout, with "jiangnan first lingshan," said; "Twenty-four bridge moon night, jade of people where taught flute", moon since ancient times is the perfect place. Yangzhou has a long history of ancient daming monastery, have the reputation of "urban forest" he garden, a garden is famous for its four seasons rockery, such as emperor yangdi, kangxi, qianlong emperor palace ruins and so on, beautiful scenery, is the chiangnan treasure.

Leisurely long, after numerous rise and fall of a dynasty, yangzhou people created a splendid culture here, leaving a large number of cultural relics. Todays yangzhou, not only is a famous tourist resort, also is subei region culture and education center, the ancient "treasures" of yangzhou in the tide of reform and opening up endeavor turnaround, urban look brand-new. When more and more Chinese and foreign tourists to stop here, they would most want to can in this highly modernized city pursue "twenty-four bridge moon night" during the year and wanxian county.

游客朋友们,大家好!我是你们的导游员小王，大家可以叫我王导。现在我们已经到达黄山风景区南边重镇汤口。在这里先向诸位介绍一下黄山风景的概况。

黄山，位于中国安徽省南部，面积约1200平方公里。传说咱们先祖轩辕黄帝在完成中原统一大业之后，来到这里采药炼丹，在温泉里洗澡，因而得道成仙。唐朝皇帝李隆基非常相信这个说法，于是命名黄山。意思是，这座山是黄帝的山。黄山集名山之长：泰山之雄伟，华山之险峻，衡山之烟云，庐山之飞瀑。有“五岳归来不看山，黄山归来不看岳”之美誉，更有“天下第一奇山”之称。黄山以奇松、怪石、云海、温泉四绝著称于世。

下面，我把黄山“四绝”给大家介绍一下。

说起黄山“四绝”，排在第一的当是奇松。黄山延绵数百里，千峰万壑，比比皆松。黄山松，它分布于海拔800米以上高山，以石为母，顽强地扎根于巨岩裂隙。黄山松针叶粗短，苍翠浓密，千姿百态。或独立峰巅，或倒悬绝壁，或冠平如盖，或尖削似剑。“无树非松，无石不松，无松不奇”。黄山松奇在什么地方呢?首先是奇在它无比顽强的生命力，黄山松从坚硬的花岗岩石中迸裂出来，根儿深深扎进岩石缝里，不怕贫瘠干旱，不怕风雷雨雪。你能说不奇吗?其次是，黄山松还奇在它那特有的天然造型。从总体来说，黄山松显出一种朴实、稳健、雄浑的气势，而每一株松树，在长相、气韵上，又各不相同，都有一种奇特的美。著名的黄山松有：迎客松，送客松，团结松等。怪石，是构成黄山胜景的又一“绝”。在黄山到处都可以看到奇形怪异的岩石，这些怪石的模样儿，有的像人，有的像物，有的有的反映了某些神话传说和历史故事，都活灵活现，生动有趣。比较有名的有“飞来石”、“仙人下棋”、“喜鹊登梅”、“猴子观海”、“仙人晒靴”等。这些怪石因为观赏位置和角度变了，模样儿也就有了变化，成了一石二景，如“金鸡叫天门”又叫“五老上天都”，“喜鹊登梅”又叫“仙人指路”就是移步换景的缘故。

再说云海。虽然在中国其它名山也能看到云海，但没有一个能比得上黄山云海那样壮观和变幻无穷。有些景观若在云海中观赏，就会显得更加真切，韵味也更足了。由于山谷地形的原因，有时西海云遮雾罩，白鹅岭上却青烟飘渺，道道金光染出层层彩叶，北海竟晴空万里，人们为云海美景而上下奔波，谓之“赶海”。

最后，介绍一下温泉，温泉由紫云峰下喷涌而出，与桃花峰隔溪相望，是经游黄山大门进入黄山的第一站。水质以含重碳酸为主，可饮可浴。传说轩辕皇帝就是在此沐浴七七四十九日得返老还童，羽化飞升的，故又被誉之为“灵泉”。黄山温泉水温常年在42度左右，常年不息，属高山温泉。黄山温泉对消化、神经、心血管、等系统的病症，尤其是皮肤病，有一定的功效。

除了“四绝”之外，黄山的瀑布、日出和晚霞，也是十分壮观的。

黄山四季分明：春天青峰滴翠，山花烂漫;夏季清凉一片，处处飞瀑;秋天天高气爽，红叶如霞;寒冬则是银装素裹，冰雕玉砌。黄山确实是一个旅游、避暑、赏雪的绝好去处。

好了，我们的讲解到这里就要结束了，下面时间大家自由参观，三小时后在车上集合，再见。