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颐和园【最新20篇】

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2024年颐和园导游词400字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 564 字

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现在我们来到了北京的颐和园,颐和园是我国重点保护单位,已经列入《世界遗产名录》。在游览的过程中请大家自觉保持整洁,不要破坏公物。

大家请看这边,我们来到的是着名的长廊。这长廊特别长,你们知道有多长吗?这长廊有七百多米长呢!还分成了273间!看!每一间的横槛上都有一幅五彩缤纷的画,这几千幅画里,没有那两幅是相同的!

旅客们,现在我们来到的是万寿山脚下。看!有一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上,黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光那就是佛香阁!下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。现在我们上山去看看吧!

旅客们,我们已经登上了万寿山了。在这里看颐和园的全景是最好的地方。一大片树丛的绿色藏在眼底。我们的正前面是颜色碧绿的昆明湖,那昆明湖特别静,也特别绿,不知大家想不想去看一下呢?事不宜迟,现在我们下去看看吧!

现在我们来到了昆明湖边。我们可以站在十七孔桥上看,你们看!十七孔桥上的石狮的倒影在水中显得栩栩如生,这些石狮,姿态不一,没有那两只是相同的。现在我们来看看昆明湖吧!昆明湖静的像一面镜子,绿的像一块碧玉。看!有许多的小鸟站在柳枝上对着湖面照镜子呢!游船和画舫慢慢地滑过,几乎不留一点痕迹!树丛的倒影在水中想翩翩起舞的少女,多美啊!

颐和园有许多美丽的景色,我说也说不尽,请你们自己细细游赏吧!不过要注意安全,要自觉保持整洁和不要破坏公物!

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篇1:颐和园的优秀导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 430 字

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尊敬的旅客朋友们:

你们好!我是本次旅行的向导,我姓梁,你们叫我梁导就好了。很高兴能为大家服务。今天将由我带领大家去游览著名的皇家园林——颐和园

颐和园为何美如仙镜?因为它依山伴水。依山,依的是万寿山,伴水,伴的是昆明湖水。我们今天就是要来游山玩水的。好了,话不多说,我们先去登万寿山吧。

我们现在已经来到了万寿山脚下,大家可以抬头向上望,那一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿。再往上望,那八角宝塔形的三层建筑就是佛香阁了。大家不用等待了,因为我们正在向山顶进发。

我们现在已经到达了万寿山最高处,从上往下望,大家可以看到一番美丽的景色。看,那葱郁的树丛,掩映着那黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。真美呀!不过还有更美的。看!那昆明湖不就是最好的证明吗?

我们现在正在赶往旅行的最后一站——昆明湖。

昆明湖非常美,美到可以与西湖比美了。昆明湖上有几个小岛,只要我们走过长长的石桥,就可以去小岛上玩。在这些石桥中,最著名的就数十七孔桥了,因为它有十七个桥洞。

我们的旅游到此结束。

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篇2:颐和园导游词200字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 248 字

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你们好!我叫陈乐怡,是这次你们玩颐和园导游,你们可以叫我陈导游,我很荣幸能陪你们去北京的颐和园,如果你们有麻烦,尽管提出来,我一定会尽力的。

在还没到之前,我先大概说一下颐和园的门,就来到长廊的柱子是绿色的,栏杆是红色的,每一间的横槛上都画着画,走完长廊来到下面,万寿山上面有一座宝塔就是佛香阁。万寿山下面左边是昆明湖。过了15分钟后,颐和园到了。

我带着游客来到了长廊,我说:这长廊非常长,一共有700多米长,分成273间。长廊横槛上的画也很多,有画人物、花、风景,这么多的画没有哪2幅是一样的。

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篇3:经典颐和园导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 578 字

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北京的清晨,阳光明媚,秋高气爽。我和爸爸、妈妈就乘车来到了颐和园

我们从北宫门进了园子,不一会儿就看到了苏州街。苏州街里的店铺林立,商品玲琅满目,大部分都是南方的工艺品,我也买了一个留作了纪念。随着人流继续往前走,很快就爬上了万寿山。然后又去了佛香阁。佛香阁很高很高,共有八个面四重檐里面有八个铁岭木的柱子直贯到顶,支撑着雄伟的阁体。

再往前走我们就看到了长廊。听爸爸说这条长廊有723米,有上千幅画,每一幅画都不一样。上面画着人物和风景,每一幅画都有一个小故事。红色的柱子,绿色的栏杆,伴着我们一直向前走去。我还发现这条长廊还是一个字母“w”的形状。好神奇啊!转过身就可以看到昆明湖,还能远远地望见十七孔桥。湖水真静啊!静得像一面镜子,湖水真绿啊!绿得像一块无暇翡翠。湖水真清啊!清的看得见鱼儿在水中嬉水。在湖边还有许多荷花,有的已经绽开笑脸,有的才展开两三片花瓣,有的还是含苞待放,羞羞答答地躲在荷叶后面。

我们来到十七孔桥,它拥有十七个桥洞而得名。在汉白玉的栏杆上雕刻着许多小狮子雕工精美、形态各异,点缀着十七孔桥。我们从东宫门走出了颐和园,我流连忘返,还真想在颐和园多待一会呢。

评语:这是一篇描写颐和园的景色的文章,对颐和园里的建筑的描写,引人入胜,吸引读者的阅读兴趣,语言生动形象且内容丰富,比喻贴切,用词生动,表达了作者对游览颐和园的意犹未尽之情。

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篇4:颐和园导游词900字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 730 字

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大家好!欢迎你们来到颐和园,我是你们的导游颜里拉,叫我贝贝就好了。现在,我们的旅途开始啦!

现在我们站在颐和园的东宫门,咱们先去仁寿殿吧!这一带原是清朝皇帝从事政治活动和生活起居的地方,包括朝见大臣的仁寿殿和南北朝房、寝宫、大戏台、庭院等。东宫门现在是颐和园的正门,它坐西朝东,门楣檐下全部用油彩描绘着绚丽的图案。六扇朱红色大门上嵌着整齐的黄色门钉,中间檐下挂着九龙金字大匾,上书“颐和园”三个大字,为光绪皇帝御笔亲题。门前御道丹陛上的云龙石雕刻着二龙戏珠,为乾隆年代所刻,是从圆明园废墟上移来的,它是皇帝尊严的象征。东宫门当年只供清朝帝后出入。咱们能来这里能荣幸呢!

现在我们去长廊。长廊位于万寿山南麓,面向昆明湖,北依万寿山,东起邀月门,西止石丈亭, 长廊全长728米,共273间,是中国园林中最长的游廊,1992年被认定为世界上最长的长廊,列入“吉尼斯世界纪录”。廊上的每根枋梁上都有彩绘,共有图画14000余幅,内容包括山水风景、花鸟鱼虫、人物典故等。画中的人物画均取材于中国古典名著。这里是我最喜欢的景点,我一般带游客在这里呆的时间是最多的,很经典呀!

走吧!我们继续参观颐和园。这里是佛香阁,佛香阁位于在万寿山前山中央部位的山腰,建筑在一个高21米的 佛香阁方形台基上,是一座八面三层四重檐的建筑;阁高41米,阁内有8根巨大铁梨木擎天柱,结构复杂,为古典建筑精品。原阁咸丰十年被英法联军烧毁后,光绪十七年花了78万两银子重建,光绪二十年竣工,是颐和园里最大的工程。阁内供奉着“接引佛”,供皇室在此烧香。你们吸吸鼻子,能不呢不闻到香味?

今天真是太好玩了,你们说,对不对!只不过呀,我们就要在这美丽的昆明湖分别。不要忘记我哦!我是贝贝,希望你们在颐和园愉快!

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篇5:颐和园导游词标准版

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 468 字

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各位尊敬的游客,我们将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是我国重点文物保护单位,也是《世界遗产名录》之中的文化遗产。游览时请不要乱扔垃圾。

现在我们就进了颐和园的大门,绕过大殿,来到有名的长廊。看,这绿漆的柱子,红漆的栏杆,多漂亮呀!这条长廊长700多米,分成273间,每一间的横槛上都有五彩的画,画着人物、花草、风景,不可思议的是,这几千幅画竟然没有哪两幅是一摸一样的。

走完了长廊,我们来到了万寿山脚下,抬头上看,一眼就看见一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑,那就是佛香阁。下面一排排辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。

我们现在登上了万寿山,这里可以把颐和园的大半景色都收在眼底。看,前面那就是昆明湖,昆明湖的湖面静的像一面镜子,绿的像一块碧玉,现在我们就去昆明湖细细游赏。

看,昆明湖好大呀,它周围的堤岸也更长。我们现在要去昆明湖中心的小岛了。通向小岛的这座桥就是有名的十七孔桥,这座桥有三多,一是桥洞多,二是狮子多,三是石柱多。看,这座桥的每根石柱上都雕刻着狮子。这么多的狮子,姿态各异,没有哪两只是相同的。

颐和园到处都有美丽的景色,说也说不尽,请你们慢慢的游赏吧!

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篇6:颐和园的导游词450字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 717 字

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大家好!欢迎大家来到世界遗产之一的颐和园观光旅游。今天,我有幸陪同大家一起参观,很高兴,希望大家能渡过一段美好的时光。

首先,我给大家介绍一下颐和园的来历:颐和园是清朝帝王的行宫和花园,前身是清漪园。始建于1750年,面积290公顷,是乾隆皇帝为孝敬其母孝圣皇后而建的。它曾经数次遭到外国侵略者,军阀的破坏。直到建国后,才被国家列为第一批重点文物保护单位,经过不断修缮,于1998年11月被列入《世界遗产目录》。

现在,各位随我一起检票入园,请大家保持好秩序,不要走散哦!

大家看!这里就是有名的长廊,它有700多米长,被分为273间,是世界上最长的长廊,列入了“吉尼斯世界纪录”。每间的横槛上都有五彩的画,包括山水风景、花鸟鱼虫、人物典故等。你们说是不是很有特色呀?

快看,这座美丽的大山就是众所皆知的万寿山。许多亭台楼阁依山而建,形成一幅幅连续展开﹑如锦似绣的风景画卷。其中最着名的是那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑—佛香阁。它镶嵌在葱茏的苍松翠柏之中,在园中许多地方都能看到它那闪闪发光的黄色琉璃瓦顶。站在佛香阁上向下望,你们就能欣赏到颐和园的大半风景。这些掩映在树丛中黄色绿色的琉璃瓦顶和朱红的宫墙,是不是展现出了皇家园林的高贵气质呢?

山下那片静得像面镜子,绿得像块碧玉的湖泊就是占全园面积四分之三的昆明湖。湖周的堤岸上有多座不同式样的石桥,咱们马上要穿过的这座石桥,因为有十七个桥洞,所以被叫作十七孔桥。桥栏杆的石柱上雕刻着许多姿态不一﹑栩栩如生的小狮子,凝结了古代劳动人民的血汗和精湛技艺。

接下来,请诸位登岛自由观赏,希望你们举起照相机,把颐和园的美景拍下来,宣传给更多的人,同时请大家注意保持环境卫生。我的讲解到此为止,祝大家玩得愉快!

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篇7:四年级颐和园导游词加批改评语

范文类型:导游词,评语,适用行业岗位:四年级,导游,全文共 709 字

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尊敬的各位游客:

今天我们来参观颐和园。颐和园是清代的皇家园林和行宫,已被列入《世界文化遗产名录》,请大家在游览时不要乱扔垃圾,破坏颐和园的环境。因为颐和园游客较多,请大家不要单独行动以防走失。

我们首先来参观颐和园的长廊。这条长廊是中国古典园林中最长的一条。它位于万寿山南坡与昆明湖之间的狭长地带,它全长723米,分273间,每一间的横栏上都绘有彩画,共有14000余幅,没有任何两幅是相同的。有人会想,那么多画,它是怎么来的呢?这里面还有一个小故事,我来给大家讲一讲。有一年,乾隆和他的母亲来游赏颐和园,因为乾隆的母亲喜欢听故事,在游览颐和园长廊时一边游览,一边让宫女给她讲故事,宫女们怕忘了故事的内容,宫女们就把内容画在横栏上,提示自己,所有才有了今天横栏上的彩画。

我们现在在万寿山的脚下。大家向上看,那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑物就是佛香阁。佛香阁高41米,修筑在20米高的地基上,内有八根坚固的铁梨森巨柱支撑,结构复杂,气势磅礴。下面一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。

现在,我们来到了东岸,向远处看,那里有个小岛,小岛的名字叫南湖岛,连接它们的正是举世闻名的十七孔桥。十七孔桥建于公元1736年,桥由17个孔券组成,所以叫十七孔桥。十七孔桥桥长150米,横跨东岸和南湖岛,状若长虹卧波。桥上的石雕极其精美,每个桥栏上都雕有神态各异的狮子,大小共544个,这些狮子没有哪两只是相同的,不亚于卢沟桥的狮子。

颐和园的美丽景色说也说不完,希望大家有机会细细游赏。

评语:语言生动、表述清楚 ◆导游的引导词设计精当,真正起到了引领参观的作用。 再加上丰富翔实的资料,使人有身临其境的感觉尤其是最后一段,更突显了导游的身份和作用。

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篇8:2024颐和园导游词400字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 605 字

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各位游客:

大家好!欢迎大家来到颐和园。我叫徐苗,大家可以叫我徐导,很高兴能为大家服务。

颐和园是中国四大名园之一,位于北京市海淀区,原为帝王行宫花园。金贞元元年完颜亮设为行宫,明时皇室改建为好山园。清乾隆十五年又改建,名为清漪园。咸丰十年被英法联军所毁。光绪十四年慈禧太后移用海军经费重建,改名为颐和园。颐和园面积约2.9平方千米,水面占总面积的四分之三。1998年12月2日,颐和园被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。今天大家来到这里,相信一定会不虚此行的。

看,展现在我们眼前的是著名的长廊。这条长廊非常长,全长728米,分成了273间。廊上的每一根枋梁都有五彩的画,共有14000余幅,而其中没有哪两幅是相同的,难怪被称为“世界第一长廊”。

走完长廊,我们现在来到了万寿山脚下。请大家抬头看——那座耸立在半山腰的八角宝塔形的三层建筑,就是佛香阁。爬上万寿山,我们可以看到颐和园的全部风景。郁郁葱葱的树丛掩映着黄的、绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙,给人一种壮观而又神秘的感觉。

大家再往前看,这就是碧波荡漾的昆明湖。游船在平静的湖面上游弋,不时传来游客的欢歌笑语。湖上有一座美丽的石桥!这座石桥有17个桥洞,叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱,柱子上都雕刻着姿态不一的活灵活现的小狮子。

朋友们,今天我们的游览就要结束了,希望这段美好的时光能成为您永恒的记忆,同时也祝大家旅途愉快,合家幸福!欢迎大家再次来颐和园游玩!

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篇9:颐和园导游词范文400字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 338 字

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北京的颐和园是美丽的皇家公园是乾隆皇帝游江南的时候,被西湖的美景所吸引而造的御用公园。颐和园美伦美奂,巧 夺天工,是近代工匠的杰作。

首先我参观了颐和园的长廊,长廊的两边,有许多不同的故 事画,有西游记、有封神榜、三国……

走完万长廊,你会看见一个巨大的人工湖--昆明湖。湖边 是万寿山,万寿山上有个佛香阁,佛香阁是当年慈禧太后拜佛用 的。登上万寿山,昆明湖的里的船,就像池塘里的落叶,很小很 小。昆明湖是仿西湖而造,它的面积是西湖的两倍。

湖边还有大理石做的石船、美丽的苏州街、长长的十七孔桥 等等,我都把它们留在了我的相机里了。

离开颐和园的时候,妈妈还给我买了一本邮集,邮集里有一 个手掌大小的印章,仔细一看,才知道今天是颐和园--清漪园 建园二百五十周年纪念日,我真高兴极了!

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篇10:颐和园导游词范文参考

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 878 字

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大家好我是你们的导游----X导

颐和园原是清朝帝王的行宫和花园,前身清漪园,是三山五园中最后兴建的一座园林,始建于1750年,1764年建成,面积290公顷(4400 亩),水面约占四分之三。乾隆继位以前,在北京西郊一带,已建起了四座大型皇家园林,从海淀到香山这四座园林自成体系,相互间缺乏有机的联系,中间的“瓮山泊”成了一片空旷地带。乾隆十五年(1750年),乾隆皇帝在这里改建为清漪园,以此为中心把两边的四个园子连成一体,形成了从现清华园到香山长达二十公里的皇家园林区。咸丰十年(1860年),清漪园被英法联军焚毁。光绪十四年(1888年),慈禧太后以筹措海军经费的名义动用3000万两白银重建,改称颐和园,作消夏游乐地。到光绪二十六年(192019年),颐和园又遭“八国联军”的破坏,烧毁了许多建筑物。光绪二十九年(1903)年修复。后来在军阀混战、guoming党统治时期,又遭破坏,1949年之后政府不断拨款修缮,1961年3月4日,颐和园被公布为第一批全国重点文物保护单位,1998年11月被列入《世界遗产名录》。2019年5月8日,颐和园经国家旅游局正式批准为国家5A级旅游景区。

颐和园集传统造园艺术之大成,万寿山、昆明湖构成其基本框架,借景周围的山水环境,饱含中国皇家园林的恢弘富丽气势,又充满自然之趣,高度体现了“虽由人作,宛自天开”的造园准则。颐和园亭台、长廊、殿堂、庙宇和小桥等人工景观与自然山峦和开阔的湖面相互和-谐、艺术地融为一体,整个园林艺术构思巧妙,是集中国园林建筑艺术之大成的杰作,在中外园林艺术史上地位显著,有声有色。

颐和园景区规模宏大,占地面积2.97平方公里(293公顷),主要由万寿山和昆明湖两部分组成,其中水面占四分之三(约220公顷)。园内建筑以佛香阁为中心,园中有景点建筑物百余座、大小院落20余处,3555古建筑,面积70000多平方米,共有亭、台、楼、阁、廊、榭等不同形式的建筑3000多间。古树名木 1600 余株。其中佛香阁、长廊、石舫、苏州街、十七孔桥、谐趣园、大戏台等都已成为家喻户晓的代表性建筑。

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篇11:颐和园导游词标准版

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 498 字

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亲爱的朋友们,大家好!我是颐和园旅游社的导游,我叫叶章丽,你们可以叫我叶导。这一次,由我带领大家参观颐和园,请多多关照。

走进大门,绕过大殿,就来到了有名的长廊。这条长廊有7百多米长,分成273间。看!这每一间的横涧上画着人物、花草、风景,在这几千幅画中,没有那两幅是相同的。

穿过长廊,我们就来到万寿山脚下,大家抬头看一看,在半山腰间耸立着一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑物,那黄色的玻璃瓦闪闪发光,大家猜猜它是什么?没错!那就是佛香阁。它的下面就是排云殿。

我们登上万寿山,站在佛香阁前鸟瞰颐和园,它的景色大半收在眼底。瞧!那郁郁葱葱的树木掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。

从万寿山下来,就来到了昆明湖。昆明湖静得像一面镜子,绿得像一块碧玉。游船画舫从湖面慢慢地滑过,几乎不留一点痕迹。

我们再来看看昆明湖上的石桥。昆明湖上的石桥式样不同,就那这座桥来说吧!它有十七个桥洞,叫做十七孔桥。桥上有上百根石柱,每根石柱上都刻着小狮子,这么多小狮子,没有那两只是相同的。湖中心有个小岛,我们过桥可以到岛上去玩。

好,大家先到桥上休息一下,然后继续参观下一个景点,希望你们自觉爱护颐和园的一草一木,祝你们玩得开心!

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篇12:颐和园导游词300字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 454 字

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各位游客,大家好!今天我要带大家去颐和园 各位游客,大家好!今天我要带大家去颐和园游玩,希望大家在颐和园留下一段美好的回忆。我叫黄嘉仪,你们叫我黄总导。

现在我们已经来到了长廊。你们看,绿漆的柱子,红漆的栏杆,一眼望不到头。这条长廊有七、八百米长,分成二百三十七间。每一间的横槛上都有五彩的花,画着人物、花草、风景,几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。长廊两旁栽满了花木,这一种花还没谢,那一种花又开了。微风从左边的昆明湖上吹来,使人神清气爽,你感觉到了吗?

大家看,我们现在走到了长廊的尽头。我们面前就是万寿山。大家抬头向上看,那一座八角宝塔形的三层建筑耸立在半山腰上,黄色的琉璃瓦闪闪发光。那就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是排云殿。

下面请大家随我一起去游览一下昆明湖吧!你们看,昆明湖多美呀!静得像一面镜子,绿得像一块碧玉。游船、画舫在湖面慢慢地滑过,几乎不留一点儿痕迹。

颐和园的景色说也说不尽。你们看那,还有湖心岛和十七孔桥,请你们自己细细观赏吧!今天大家玩得开心吗?希望你们下次来,我还是你们的导游

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篇13:颐和园英文导游词_导游词范文_网

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 17787 字

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颐和园英文导游词

good morning ladies and gentlemen:

my name is . i’m very honored to be youre guide. i do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy everything on your pleasant day. this morning we are going to visit the summer palace. the summer palace is located on the northwest suburbs of beijing, about 20 kilometers away from the center of the city. so it will take us about 1 hour to get there. before we arrived at the summer palace, i would like to introduce you a brief introduction of the woderful imperial garden. the summer palace is the most beautiful and the largest imperial garden existing in chinan, and it is the best-preserved imperial garden in the world. in 1998, it was placed on the list of world cultural heritage by the unesco.

the summer palace was first built as an imperial garden at the beginning of 12th century in the jin dynasty. the construction continued to the yuan and ming dynasties. in the qing dynasty, the building of imperial gardens reached its culmination. during emperor qianlong’s reign, the famous ‘three hills and five gardens’ were built on the northwest suburbs of beijing. the summer palace was a part of it and at that time was called the garden of clear ripples. in 1860, the anglo-french allied forces invaded beijing. the ‘three hills and five gardens’ were burnt down to ashes.

in 1888, the empress dowager cixi spent the navy fund having the garden of clear ripples rebuilt. and then she renamed it the garden of nurtured harmony (summer palace).

in 1900, the allied forces of eight powers invaded beijing. the summer palace was once again severely damaged. it was rebuilt again in 1902.

in 1924, the last emperor puyi was driven out of the palace, after that, the summer palace was turned into a public park.

ladies and gentlemen, please look over there, in front of us is an archway. it is called “emptiness and the collection of excellence”, and it is the first scenery of the summer palace. the two chinese words on the front side of the archway mean emptiness and refer to everything in nature and in the scenery. the two words on the back side mean collection of excellence and refer to the tranquility of the beautiful scenery just within the garden.

(outside the east palace gate)

now, we have arrived at the east palace gate. it’s the main entrance of the summer palace. on top of the gate there is a plaque with three chinese characters ‘the summer palace’ in emperor guangxu’s handwriting. the gate that we are now entering was used by the emperor, the empress only in the old days.

(inside the east palace gate)

now we are inside the summer palace. in front of us is the second gate of the summer palace— the gate of benevolence and longevity. the annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty and the offices of the privy council. well, before we start our tour in the garden, i will briefly introduce you the layout of the summer palace and our tour route. o.k., ladies and gentlemen, may i have your attention please? let’s look at the map together, from it we can see the summer palace covers an area of 290 hectares, which the lake occupies the three-fourths. the whole garden can be divide into three parts: the area was for political activities, resting places of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas. our tour will start from the area of the political activities, and end off the marble boat. on the way, we will visit the main constructions of the summer palace, such as the hall of jade ripples, the hall of happiness and longevity, the long corridor, the hall of dispelling clouds and so on. it will take us about two hours to visit the summer palace. please attention, we won’t walk back and our driver will pick us up at the north gate. should you get lost or separated from the group, please meet us at the north gate.

ok, everyone, let’s start our tour from the emperors’ office --- the hall of benevolence and longevity. follow me please.

(inside the courtyard of the benevolence and longevity)

passing through the gate of benevolence and longevity, we have already entered the courtyard of the hall of benevolence and longevity. the huge rock in front of us is taihu rock. it was quarried from taihu lake in jiangsu province, so it was known as taihu rock. please look around the courtyard and you can see there are four grotesque shaped rocks placed in each corner of this courtyard, representing the four seasons of the year. the taihu rocks are usually used as decoration for beautifying gardens and they are thin, crease, leak and penetration in characters.

the bronze mythical animal behind the taihu rock is known as suanni or some people call it qilin. according to ancient chinese mythology, the dragon had nine sons, but none of them became a real dragon. suanni was one of the nine sons of the dragon. it was an auspicious animal that could avoid evil spirits in ancient lengeds. suanni has the head of dragon, the antlers of dear, the hooves of ox and the tail of lion.

(in front of the hall of benevolence and longevity)

this grand hall is the hall of benevolence and longevity. it was first built in 1750. the name of this hall taken from a book entitled ‘lun yu’ by confucius doctrine means, “ those who are benevolent can enjoy a long life.” this hall was the place where emperor guangxu and empress dowager cixi held audience and handled state affairs when they were in the summer palace. for protecting the historical cultural relic, we couldn’t enter the hall. so i would like to briefly introduce you the decorations in the hall of benevolence and longevity. the arrangement of the hall has been left untouched. in the middle of the hall stands an emperor’s throne carved with nine dragons on design. there are two big fans on both sides behind the throne which are made of peacock feathers. behind the throne there is a big screen with red sandalwood frame and glass mirror inlaid. on the mirror there are 226 chinese characters of the word ‘longevity’ written in different styles. there are two scrolls on each side of the wall with a big chinese character ‘longevity’ written on it. it was said that the word ‘longevity’ written by empress dowager cixi. there are 100 bats painted at the background of the scroll symbolizing happiness.

well, please look up the two pairs of incense burners in the shape of a dragon and a phoenix in front of the hall. they were used to burn incense sticks to create the appropriate atmosphere. in the old days, the dragon and phoenix were the symbol of the emperor and empress. according to ritual, the dragons should be placed in the center while phoenixes were to either side in front of the hall.however, here, the dragons are off to the sides and the phoenixes are in the middle. this was a product of the end of qing dynasty when empress dowager cixi handled state affairs behind the screen.

(at the entrance of garden of virtuour harmony)

we are now visiting the garden of virtuous harmony, where emperor qianlong and empress dowager cixi were entertained with bejing opera performances. it mainly consists of the dressing house, the grand theater building and the hall of pleasure smile. the grand theater building was known as the ‘cradle of beijing opera’ was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated. there are 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.

(in front of the grand theater building)

this is the grand theater building. of the three main theater buildings of the qing dynasty, the grand theater building is the tallest and largest one. the other two are changyin pavilion in the forbidden city and qingyin pavilion in the mountain resort in chengde. the grand theater building, a three-storied structure, has a double roof with upturned eaves. it is 21 meters high and 17 meters wide. performances could be staged simultaneously on three levels. the top one was a symbol of happiness, the middle level was emolument level and the bottom stage was named longevity stage. each level has the entrance and the exit. there are some trapdoors in the ceiling and below the floor for ‘celestial being’ to fly down from the sky and the ‘devils’ to appear from the earth to set off a certain atmosphere on the stage. there is also a well and five ponds built under the stage for a good effect of water scenes. the stage is open to three sides.

well, please look at the construction that stands right opposite the grand theater building, it’s the hall of pleasure smile. the empress dowager cixi used bo sit inside the hall to watch and enjoy the peking opera.

(a lakeside walk from the garden of virtuous harmony to the hall of jade ripples)

we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the hall of benevolence and longevity. it appears that there’s nothing special ahead. however, after we clear the rockery, we will reach kunming lake. this is an application of a specific style of chinese

gardening.

now, we are walking along the bank of the kunming lake. look over there, not far away in the lake there is an islet. it’s called the spring heralding islet. the pavilion on the islet is called the spring heralding pavilion. a number of willow trees and peach trees were planted on this islet. in early spring, when the ice begins to melt, peach trees are red in pink blossoms, willow trees turn a tender green signaling that the early spring has returned. hence the name ‘heralding sping pavilion’.

(in front of the hall of jade ripples)

this group of special and quiet courtyard dwellings is the hall of jade ripples. the words “jade ripples” came from a verse “gentle ripples gushing out of jade spring”, which refers to the rippling water in the lake. it was first used by emperor qianlong to attend to state affairs. in the late qing dynasty, it was where emperor guangxu was put under house arrest.

this hall is a hallmark of the movement of 1898. emperor guangxu was emperor dowager cixi’s nephew. after emperor tongzhi died, emperor dowager cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her hold on imperial power. she ‘handled state affairs behind the screen’. after emperor guangxu ‘managed state affairs personally’ at the age of 19, a political conflict occurred between the conservatives and the reformers. in 1898, the reform movement took place with the aim of sustaining the core principles of the qing dynasty while reforming outdated laws. the movement lasted for103 days until it was suppressed by empress dowager cixi. it was called the ‘hundred-day reform’. after the reform failed, emperor guangxu was put under house arrest here. for the strict control of him, empress dowager cixi ordered to build many brick walls in the front, back, and on the right and left of the hall of jade ripples. at that time the hall was entirely sealed up, just like a prison. today only the hidden walls in the east and west annex room still maintain its original appearance. it is open to visitors as the relic related to the 1898 reform movement.

(in front of the chamber of collecting books)

this is the chamber of collecting books. in chinese, it’s called “yi yun guang”. “yun” was a kind of fragrant weed. in ancient times, it was usually used as termite repellent in rooms where books were stored.in the emperor qianlong’s reign, the purpose of the hall was for collecting books. later it was converted into a residence. there used to be the residence of guangxu’s empress longyu, and his favorite concubine zhenfei.

(in the hall of happiness and longevity)

this group of courtyard is the hall of happiness and longevity. it was the major architectural structure in the living quarters and the residence of empress dowager cixi. the whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting. with its quiet and tasteful layout, the hall of happiness and longevity made life very easy and convenient. in front of the hall of happiness and longevity there is a huge rock placed in the middle of this courtyard named “qing zhi xiu” and nicknamed as “family bankruptcy rock”. this huge rock was discovered in fangshan district by a ming official mi wanzhong. he wanted to transport it to his own garden “shaoyuan”. in the old days, transporting such rock was very difficult. after spending all his money to ship it, he still could not succeed in doing this. the big rock was then left on the roadside somewhere near liangxiang county, 30 kilometers southwest of beijing. hence it was nicknamed “family bancruptcy rock”. later emperor qianlong discovered it and transported to the garden of clear ripples and laid in front of the hall of happiness and longevity. the colorful glass chandeliers hanging inside the hall was introduced from germany in 1903. it is one of the earliest electric lights in china.

(in front of the gate of inviting the moon of the long corridor)

ladies and gentlemen, you may have visited some of the best museums in the world, such as the louvre in france and the museum of great britain. now i will show you a special gallery in the palace—the long corridor. in 1990, the long corridor was listed in the guinness book of world records as ‘the longest painted corridor’ in the world’. it would be a pity if we leave the summer palace without visiting the long corridor and the marble boat. now, here we go, the long corridor first!

(strolling along the long corridor)

the long corridor starts from the gate inviting the moon to the shizhang gate. it is 728 meters long and consists of 273 sections. the long corridor is one of the major structures of the summer palace. since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of longevity hill, four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions ( retaining the goodness pavilion, living with the ripples pavilion, autumn water pavilion, clear and far pavilion) were placed at bends and undulation, they represent four seaons of a year. thus visitors will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain. as a major part of the architectural style of the summer palace, the long corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the lake and the hill. scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to create a unified complex.

the long corridor is the longest covered veranda in any chinese garden. on the purlins and beams of the covered veranda, there are over 14,000 suzhou style paintings. among them, there are 546 color paintings relating to the scenes of west lake in hangzhou, zhejiang province. beside the colorful paintings of natural scenery, there are also scenes of flowers, birds, fish, insects, mythology and figures. the paintings of figures are mainly adapted from ancient chinese classical literature, such as ‘pilgrimage to the west’, ‘the romance of the three kingdoms’, ‘the western chamber’, “water margin’, and ‘the dream of the red mansion’.

(in front of the gate of dispelling clouds)

now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the tower of buddhist incense within the hall of dispelling clouds. the central axis line starts from the wharf next to the lake to the sea of wisdom on top of the hill. the main architectural structures here are the gate of dispelling clouds, hall of dispelling clouds, tower of buddhist incense and the sea of wisdom, which altogether form a splendid three-dimensional landscape. the layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in buddhist sutras. this group of structures are among the most magnificently constructed here in the summer palace. this is a good place to taking photos, we will stay here for about 15 minutes.

now we are walking continuely along the long corridor, the next scene we are going to visit is marble boat.

look over there! halfway up the slope there stands the hall of listening to orioles. it was the place for emperor and empress to enjoy opera and court music. it is said the singing of orioles is very pleasing. before the garden of virtuous harmony was built, empress dowager cixi enjoyed opera and music here. now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in china, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.

this is the famous marble boat. a famous scientist of china’s eastern han dynasty once said, “water can float the boat, but it can also tip it over.” a prime minister of tang dynasty wei zheng once used these words to persuade li shimin, the emperor of the tang dynasty. he said people are water and the emperor is the boat. people can support a good emperor. however, they also can overthrow the dynasty. emperor qianlong built this huge boat in the garden in order to make the allusion concrete. on one hand, emperor qianlong encouraged himself to run the country well. on the other hand, he wanted to show that his rule of the qing dynasty was as firm as the marble boat and there was no fear of overturning the boat. the marble boat was the place for emperor qianlong to sample tea and enjoy the scenery of kunming lake. emperor qianlong once came here to engage in the freeing of captive animals. in the times of qianlong, the marble boat was a chinese styled stone boat with a chinese style wooden superstructure on the top of it. when it was rebuilt in the times of guangxu, a foreign and chinese elements mixed resulting in two wheels to be added to the boat, one on each side. the floor was paved with colored bricks. all of the windows were inlaid with multiple-colored glass. a big mirror was installed on the superstructure for viewing rain.

our tour is drawing to a close after we visited the marble boat. today we only visited the major scenic spots of the summer palace. i have left other spots of interest for your next visit. i will now show you out through the ruyi gate. our coach is waiting for us outside the gate. i do hope you enjoyed today’s tour. thank you.

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篇14:关于颐和园导游词350字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 497 字

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尊敬的各位游客,我们现在所在的地方是首都北京著名景观,清代皇家园林和行宫——颐和园。颐和园是我国历史园林重点保护单位,已经列入《世界遗产名录》,所以游览时请自觉保持卫生。

我们首先来到的是长廊。看,绿色的柱子,红色的栏杆,一眼望不到头。你们相信吗?这条长廊有七百多米长,分成二百七十三间!请抬头看,每一间的横槛上都画着五彩的图画。几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的,是不是不可思议呀!

我们现在来到了万寿山的脚下。耸立在半山腰上的八角宝塔形三层建筑是佛香阁。下面的一排金碧辉煌的宫殿名叫排云阁。让我们上去看看吧。

游客们,现在万寿山就在我们脚下,这里是看颐和园全景的最佳地点。正前面就是昆明湖。看,它静的就像一面镜子,绿的就像一块碧玉。多美啊!

现在我们所在的地方是昆明湖。看它多大呀,可它周围的堤岸更长。大家顺着我手指的方向看,看见户中小那个小岛了吗?我们只需走完长长的石桥,就可以到小岛上玩。我们把视线转移到石桥上。这座石桥有十七个桥孔,所以叫十七孔桥。桥栏杆上有上百根石柱,每根石柱上都雕刻着小狮子。这些小狮子姿态不一、各不相同,大家可以欣赏一下。

颐和园到处都是美丽的景色,说也说不尽,请你们慢慢游览吧!

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篇15:颐和园英文导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 1699 字

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Dear visitors:

Everybody is good! Welcome to the beautiful Summer Palace to go sightseeing. I am the sun travel guide, surnamed Lin, you can call me xiao Lin. Accompany you visit the Summer Palace together today, hope to be able to spend time here.

The Summer Palace is one of the world cultural heritage, is also a beautiful big park.

Dear visitors, now we walk into the door to the Summer Palace, around the temple, is the famous long corridor. You look at the green column and red railing, endless blocks, a total of more than seven hundred meters long, divided into 273. Now we came to the foot of longevity hill, look up look up, you can see the Buddha incense stands halfway up the mountain, yellow glazed tile. Downwards see again, the rows of resplendent and magnificent row of cloud temple, how spectacular! Now we boarded the longevity hill, standing in front of the Buddha incense, looking down, the Summer Palace scenery panoramic view. Look straight ahead, kunming lake quiet like a mirror, like a piece of green jade. Looking east, vaguely can see several ancient towers and the white pagoda in the city.

Now come down from longevity hill, came to kunming lake. Banks have several different designs on the stone bridge, involves numerous weeping willows on both sides. Visitors can walk long stone bridge is to play in the island. There are seventeen little tunnel in this stone bridge, called the marble seventeen-arch bridge which.

Dear visitors, tourists to the Summer Palace, it is worthwhile. Finally, I want to remind everyone: love the Summer Palace, civilization. Now you can free activities, six o clock in the evening on time collection in front of the gate! Wish you to play fun!

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篇16:颐和园导游词范文参考

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 875 字

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各位游客大家好,今天就有我—旅游团的小张来带领大家共同游览颐和园。希望我的讲解能够令各位满意,让我们共同度过这一美好的时光。请大家不要乱丢垃圾,谢谢。颐和园原是帝王的行宫和花园。公元1750年,乾隆在这里改建为清漪园。1860年,清漪园被英法联军焚毁。1888年,慈禧太后挪用海军经费3000万两白银重建,改称今名,作消夏游乐地。到1920xx年,颐和园又遭八国联军的破坏,烧毁了许多建筑物。1920xx年修复。后来在军阀、国民党统治时期,又遭破坏,解放后不断修缮,才使这座古老的园林焕发了青春。

颐和园的面积达290公顷,其中水面约占3/4。整个园林以万寿山上高达41米的佛香阁为中心,根据不同地点和地形,配置了殿、堂、楼、阁、廊、亭等精致的建筑。山脚下建了一条长达728米的长廊,犹如一条彩红把多种多样的建筑物以及青山、碧波连缀在一起。整个园林艺术构思巧妙,在中外园林艺术史上地位显着,是举世罕见的园林艺术杰作。

刚进颐和园的大门就来到了久负盛名的长廊。长廊全长728米分为273间,是中国第一长的长廊。他曾在1990年的“奥蒂斯大会”中获得了世界十大长廊之一名号。长廊的栏杆上有140000幅画没有哪两幅画是相同的。画的大多是采用了我国古典文学名着,比如《西游记》、《三国演义》、《红楼梦》等等,长廊上有四个小亭子,他们分别代表春、夏、秋、冬,四个季节。走过了长廊就来到了万寿山。万寿山上有一个阶梯他有5个平台每个平台有20级阶梯。每一个阶梯代表1岁只要大家爬上了这阶梯大家就可以活到100岁。希望大家都能爬上这些阶梯活到100岁。下面就是昆明湖。昆明湖围着长长的堤岸,堤岸上有好几座式样不同的石桥,两岸在这数不清的垂柳。湖中心有个小岛,远远望去,岛上一片葱绿,树丛中露出宫殿的一角。走过长长的石桥,就可去岛上去玩。这座石桥有十七个桥洞,叫十七孔桥;桥栏杆上有上百根石柱,柱子上都雕刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子,没有两只是相同的。

今天的观光游览就要结束了,在颐和园的这段时光希望能成为您北京之游中的永恒记忆。同时也请您把我的祝福带给您的家人朋友。谢谢。

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篇17:自己写的颐和园的导游词

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:个人,导游,全文共 564 字

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大家好,这次去颐和园由我带大家去游览。对了,忘记说,我的名字叫吴洋羊,大家叫我洋羊就可以了。

快到颐和园了,我先向大家介绍一下。颐和园位于北京西北郊,主要是有万寿山和昆明湖。再提醒大家几点。1。不能乱扔垃圾,要扔就扔在周围的垃圾桶。2。要跟紧我,颐和园很大,一不小心会迷路的。3。带的贵重物品自己放好。

这就是颐和园的大门,很大,很宽阔。

大家跟我一起进来。

瞧,这是远近闻名的长廊,全长728米,共273间,是中园园林中最长的游廊,1992年被认定为世界上最长的画廊,列入“吉尼斯世界纪录”,廊上的每根枋梁都有彩绘,共有图画14000余幅,内包括山水风景,花鸟鱼虫,人物典故等。没有哪两幅画是一模一样,没有一点儿相似的。

别忘了看两旁的花草,也很美。

现在走完长廊了,来到万寿山脚下。大家抬头向上看,那座八角宝塔形的三层建筑,就是佛香阁。下面的一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,就是以前很漂亮的排云殿。大家随我一起爬上万寿山吧。

现在已经在万寿山了,看一看下头的景色。这下头是昆明湖。

大家跟我一起下去吧。

这就是昆明湖,清得像一面镜子,绿得像一块碧玉。想坐游船的可以去,等会儿到这集合。

现在,看这边的桥,叫十七孔桥,因为它有十七个孔。桥的的栏杆上有上百根石柱,柱子上刻着小狮子。这么多的狮子,姿态不一,没有哪只是相同的。

今天的游览结束了,下回再见。拜拜!

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篇18:四年级颐和园导游词加批改评语

范文类型:导游词,评语,适用行业岗位:四年级,导游,全文共 578 字

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各位游客你们好!我叫陈俊,你们可以叫我陈导,今天是我第一次当导游,请大家多多指教!

现在,我们所在位置是北京的颐和园,颐和园是我国现存规模最大,保存最完整的公园之一,被誉为皇家园林博物馆。今天我们参观的第一个景点是长廊,请大家跟着我走。

长廊全长700多米,有273间。它呀,不仅是中国园林中最长的游廊,还在1992年被认定为世界上最长的.长廊,因此它还被列入“吉尼斯世界纪录”呢!大家请看,每一间的横槛上都画着五彩的画,这些画有山水风景、花鸟鱼虫、人物典故等。大家知道吗?这些画中的人物都取材于中国古典名著哦。

接下来,我们要登万寿山了,在万寿山上我们可以一饱颐和园的大半风光。你们看,那有一排闪闪发光的琉璃瓦屋顶的三层建筑,这就是著名的佛香阁。佛香阁高40多米,阁内有8根巨大的铁梨木擎天柱,是古典建筑的精品。佛香阁下面有一排排金碧辉煌的宫殿,那就是排云殿。这里是慈禧在园内居住和过生日时接受朝拜的地方。

接下来,请大家跟我走,一起去欣赏昆明湖和湖上的十七孔桥吧。

昆明湖是清代皇家园林中最大的湖泊,十七孔桥横跨湖上。十七孔桥长150米,由十七个桥洞组成。石桥两边的栏杆上雕着500多只小狮子,这么多的狮子竟没有哪两只是相同的哪。大家是不是为古代的能工巧匠感到敬佩呢?那就不妨赶快拍照留念吧。

到此,我们的游览活动就要结束了,请各位游客一定要爱护我们的名胜古迹哦。

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篇19:颐和园导游词200字

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 374 字

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各位游客:

大家好!欢迎大家来颐和园游览,我是这里的导游——张银甲,大家叫我小张就行了。这次很荣幸给大家当导游,下面就让我们细细游览吧!

现在,我们已经来到颐和园,请各位一定跟上队伍,不要掉队。我们现在在一条长廊里,这条长廊非常有名,它有着红漆的柱子,绿漆的栏杆,一眼望不到头,这条长廊有七百多米长,二百七十三间,大家请往上看,每一间都有五彩的画。

我们现在在万寿山下,让我们登上万寿山吧!万寿山的顶上是佛香阁,下面是排云殿。我们就细细观赏吧!一会儿我们在昆明湖集合。

我们现在的位置是昆明湖,围着它的长长的堤岸上有好几座石桥,湖中心有一个小岛,你们可以去那里游玩,那边有个桥叫七十二孔桥,下面有七十二个桥洞,桥栏上有上百根石柱,上面雕刻着小狮子,它们姿态不一,没有两个是一样的。好了,你们可以自由的游览了。

今天真荣幸给你们当导游,希望下次还能为你们服务!

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篇20:颐和园游览导游词怎么写

范文类型:导游词,适用行业岗位:导游,全文共 4931 字

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位游客大家好,我是_旅行社的导游员,我姓_,今天就由我来带领大家共同游览这个清代的皇家园林一一颐和园。希望我的讲解能够令各位满意,使我们共同度过这一美好的时光。

我们现在即将前往的就是颐和园,利用这一段时间,我向大家简短的介绍一下颐和园的历史以及现在的状况。

最早在辽金时代的时候。皇帝就已经开始在北京修建皇家园林了。当时在今天的万寿山昆明湖一带修建了金山行宫。将这里称为金山、金山泊。到了元朝,又将这改名为翁山、翁山泊。而明代初期则改称西湖并修建了园静寺,命名为好山园。到了万历是十六年,也就是1588年,这里已经具有一定的园林规模,享有“十里青山行画里,双飞白鸟似江南”的称誉。然而让这里真正成为一处皇家园林的是清代。在康熙年间就曾在此修建行宫,到了乾隆十四年到二十九年,也就是1749~1764年,就在原来的基础上修建了清漪园,扩湖,推山,将湖称为昆明湖,山叫做万寿山。而且这里还成了著名的三山五园之一。和我国古代的大多数皇家建筑一样;这里也没能躲过入侵者的践踏;在1860年这里被英法联军抢掠并且烧毁了。过了一些年。慈禧太后挪用了海军经费对这里进行了重建,而且光绪皇帝下诏将这里改名为颐和园。可是在1920__年的时候,颐和园又再次遭到了八国联军(俄英法德意日美奥)的严重破坏。从此之后对这里所进行的重修,因为财力不足,所以后山部分长期都没有修复。到了1920__年依照清史的优待条件,颐和园仍然掌握在逊帝溥仪手中。过了两年,这里曾作为他的私人财产一度开放,但是因为交通不便票价昂贵等原因,没什么人来。在1920__年溥仪被逐出颐和园后,北洋政府将这里正式改为对外开放的公园。1948年12月,人民政府接受这里后,经过综合治理,仍然保持着其皇家园林的风貌。而且这里还成为了世界上造景丰富、建筑集中、保存最完整的皇家园林。

我们即将所看到的颐和园共占地290公顷。其中陆地四分之一、水面达到了四分之三。

根据皇家园林建园的用途和特点,可将颐和园景区分为政治活动区,帝后生活区和风景游览区三个部分。

来到了东宫门,我们本次的游览也就正式开始了。

在东宫门外,有一座“涵虚”、“罨yan秀”的牌楼。其中涵虚的意思是天地开阔、山清水秀。包罗万象。罨秀是有捕捉美丽景色之意。而东宫门也是颐和园的正门。门上高悬的颐和园的匾额就是光绪皇帝的手书。颐和二字则取颐养精神、心情平和的意思。

进入东宫门,我们首先来到的便是颐和园的政治活动区。南侧对称排列着南北九卿房,是清朝九卿六部值班的地方。在往前行,便来到了仁寿门,迎面看到的这五块太湖石叫作峰虚五老,寓意长寿。而在汉白玉须弥座上的这只铜制怪兽,人称麒麟,俗称四不象,是龙九子之一,象征吉祥富贵。在殿前还陈设有两对龙凤造型的铜香炉,在朝里活动中是用来点香,渲染气氛的。按古代礼制,龙居中,象征皇帝,凤在两侧,象征皇后。而在这里,却是龙在两侧,这与清朝末年慈禧太后垂帘听政不无关系,突出了凤的地位。

我们面前这座雄伟的建筑就是仁寿殿。其实在乾隆年间的时候,规定凡是当朝的大殿就要叫做“勤政殿”,意思是游园不要忘了勤理政务。到了颐和园的时候,便将这里改为仁寿殿,取自孔子论语中的“仁者寿”,意思是施仁政的人可以长寿。现在,仁寿殿的陈设和原状是基本一致的。殿内的地平床上有九龙宝座。它后面还设有紫檀木九龙屏风,屏风以紫檀木为框架,雕有九条闹龙,中心是玻璃镜,镜面上写有226个不同写法的寿字。在宝座四周,还设有掌扇,角端等。其中角端是传说中异兽,实际用处其实就是香炉。而殿内两侧的暖阁,是慈禧光绪还有王宫大臣休息的地方,当中有一幅百蝠图的缂丝工艺品,中间还有一个慈禧亲笔写的寿字,因为蝠与福同音,所以这幅工艺品也被称为百福捧寿。这个玻璃风景台屏是用翠鸟的羽毛粘制而成的,大家可以看到,这个乾隆年间的作品虽然历经二百多年可是还是色彩依旧。

穿过仁寿殿我们就来到了当年光绪皇帝和慈禧太后看戏的场所一一德和园,取自左转“君子听之以平其心,心平德和”,意思是听了美好的曲子,就会心地平和,达到道德高尚的境界。德和园的大戏楼是清代三大戏楼中最大的,结构严谨,十分的壮观,高21米,低台宽17米,分为三层,自上而下分别是福台,禄台和寿台。在寿台地板上还有一口深井,四眼干土井。各层地板都可以开合。在开启时,天井和地井沟通,顶部有绞车牵引,可以是剧中的神仙鬼怪在舞台上天入地,寿台下面的井还可以起到声音共鸣的作用,使演员声音更加洪亮,水井还可以用于表演龙口喷水等景观。除此之外,还设有扮戏楼,供演员化妆用的。现在我们所看到的展示戏装,陈设慈禧的奔驰车的地方就是当时的扮戏楼。

在戏台的对面,是颐乐殿以及东西侧的廊子,这里就是当时帝后和王宫大臣们看戏的地方。殿内正中设有金漆珐琅百鸟朝凤宝座,是慈禧受贺时用的,凤为百鸟之王,把这个屏风放在颐乐殿,暗喻了慈禧太后的权威。当年王宫大臣看戏的廊房现在已经被开辞为颐和园文物展览室,东侧是慈禧太后的服饰以及生活用品,西侧则是制作精美的工艺品。

在我国古代,有首诗曾经写到“山重水覆疑无路,柳暗花明又一村”。我们现在来到的仁寿殿后的假山中,便能体会其中的含义。这里运用了我国造园艺术中的抑景法开始,这里好像已经没有路可以走了,可是随着不断的前进,豁然开朝,在我们前面有出现了一碧千倾的昆明湖。

昆明湖原来是一个由泉水汇聚而成的湖泊,叫西海,面积还没有现在的一半大。到了乾隆年间修建园林的时候,将这里进行了改造,形成了今天的湖泊,而这里为什么叫做昆明湖呢?这是因为在距今20__多年的西汉时期,云南滇池有个小国叫做昆明国,汉武帝为征伐那里,在首都长安开凿了一个仿滇池的昆明池,操练水军。乾隆皇帝根据这个典故,将西海改为昆明湖,并效仿汉武帝在这里演习水师,这就是昆明湖名称的由来。而当时改建昆明湖所挖出的淤泥全都堆在了翁山,使原来的小土丘增高和扩展了不少,乾隆皇帝在为母亲祝寿的时候,在山上园静寺的遗址上兴建了大报恩延寿寺,并将翁山赐名万寿山,取意长寿。在不远处有一个小岛上种的全都是桃柳,上边有一个享子叫做知春亭,古人云:“竹外桃花三两只,春江水暖鸭先知”,每年春天来到的时候,这里就是颐和园中最早报春的地方。

我们看到这组建筑别致、环境幽雅的四合院叫做玉澜堂,出自晋代诗人陆机:“玉泉涌微澜”的诗句,这里就是光绪皇帝来颐和园是居住的地方。既然说到了这里,就有必要提及下戊戌变法。爱新觉罗?载湉(tian)就是清朝的第九个皇帝,也就是慈禧的侄子,光绪皇帝。

同治皇帝死了以后,慈禧太后为了能够继续掌权,所以就让四岁的载湉当皇帝,而她则再度垂帘听政:到了光绪19岁亲政以后,宫廷内保守派和维新派在政治上起了冲突1898年,维新派代表人物康有为,梁启超,谭嗣同等人通过光绪皇帝实行变法,史称“戊戌变法”,由于这次变法运动只持续了103天,就被以慈禧太后位代表的保守派所扼杀,所以也叫“百日维新”。变法失败以后,光绪被软禁在了南海的瀛台岛上,每年慈禧来到颐和园,他也必须同前来,住在玉澜堂。为了控制光绪的一举一动,慈禧太后命仁在玉澜堂周围修筑了不少砖墙,门口还有太监把守,此时的玉澜堂好像一个与世隔绝的地方,不过到了现在,原来的砖墙己经基本拆除了,基本上恢复了以前的面貌,只有玉澜堂东西配殿内的砖墙仍然保持原来的样子,作为戊戌变法的遗迹供游人参观。在玉澜堂殿内有乾隆时候制作的地平床,宝座,屏风,香几等等,东暖阁是光绪的早餐室,西暖阁就是寝室,殿外东侧是书房,西侧是洗手间,浴室以及更衣的地方。殿内的御案是紫檀木框架,以沉香木为中心,做工十分精美。围屏是用两层玻璃合成的,上边既有中国山水画,也有西洋的风景画,颜料是用天然宝石研磨而成的,至今色彩依然艳丽。前层玻璃的背面画有前景和中景,后层玻璃的正面有中景和远景,两层之间相隔一段距离,立体感极强。而殿中“复殿留景”的匾额意思就是深宫中住着圣明之君的意思。

在玉澜堂的后边就是宜芸馆,宜芸是适于藏书的地方。正殿就是光绪的皇后隆裕居住的地方,西配殿曾经是光绪宠爱的妃子珍妃的住所。在戊戌变法失败以后,慈禧命令隆裕皇后住到石丈亭北西四所的第一所,让珍妃住到第二所,这以后,光绪皇帝想见到自己的内人都很困难了。

出了宜芸馆,我们就来到了乐寿堂。乐寿是出自《论语》中“智者乐,仁者寿”,意思是说,这里就是仁者智者居住的地方。乐寿堂是生活区里的主要建筑,在乾隆年间,这里是乾隆母亲纽钴禄氏居住在这里,光绪年间,慈禧太后就住在这里。通过了水木自亲,也就是乐寿堂的正门,我们也就进入了庭院。可以看到在庭院中陈设了很多的东西。铜鹿、铜鹤、铜花瓶,分别借鹿、鹤、瓶的谐音,取意“六合太平"”,意思是天下太平。园内还种植有玉兰、海棠、牡丹,取意“玉堂富贵”中间的这块太湖石,因为形状像灵芝,所以叫做“青芝岫”。其实它还有个名字叫做败家石,这是因为在明朝有个人非常喜欢石头的人叫米万钟,在房山看中了这块石头,要将它放入海淀的勺园当中,可是在因为种.种不利因素,推托说耗尽财力,将它丢在了路边,后来,乾隆皇帝在从清西陵返回京城的途中看到了这块石头,所以将它运到乐寿堂。在乐寿堂殿内有以玻璃镜子为中心的紫檀木屏风,上边还镶嵌有贝雕饰物。镏金九桃大熏炉是用来焚烧檀香的,起到调节室内空气的作用。桌子上的两个青花大瓷盘是清代青花瓷的代表作,用来盛放水果供慈禧观赏和闻香气。在殿内东西两侧还有百鸟朝凤,孔雀开屏两副坐屏,都是粤绣精品。殿顶悬挂的五彩玻璃吊灯,是1920__年从德国进口的,它是我国早期的电灯之一,发电机安装在文昌阁附近。在慈禧太后吃点心和品茶的时候,还可以观赏鱼桌,它是以金星紫檀木坐框架,镶有玻璃台面,桌子里边还镶嵌着用珍贵材料缕空雕琢的山水人物和亭台楼阁,密封性良好,可以养金鱼。殿内“慈晖懿祉”的匾额意思是:受母后之深恩,托母后之洪福。

乐寿堂的西跨院叫扬仁风,庭院内的建筑极具江南园林特色。在园内北面的正中山坡上,有扇面形状的“扇面殿”,殿前地面使用汉白玉砌成的扇骨、山轴,整座殿堂好像一把打开的折扇。

从这里出来,我们就走上了连接万寿山与昆明湖的长廊。它东起邀月门,西止石丈亭,全长728米,共273间。由于长廊的地基是随着万寿山地势高低而起伏的,所以廊身的走向是以昆明湖北岸的弯曲而变化的,在地势高低和变向的连接点上,还建有四个亭子代表春夏秋冬,分别是留佳寄澜秋水和清遥,设计十分的巧妙。长廊是我国园林中最长的游廊,也有画廊之称。这是因为在廊中共有苏式彩绘1.4万多幅,而且很少重复。其中有关于西湖风光的546幅,是乾隆十五年建造长廊时,命人到杭州临摹回来画上的。人物画多采用了我国古典文学名著,比如《西游记》、《三国演义》、《红楼梦》等等,所设计的内容时间跨度非常大,从三皇五帝到清朝,上下五千年,可以说的上是我国文化史的一个缩影,在1920__年的时候,这里被《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》评为全球画廊之冠。

走出了长廊,我们就来到了以排云点为中心的祝寿庆典区,这里是万寿山前山最宏伟的一组建筑,构成了万寿山的中轴线。这条中轴线从临湖码头到山顶的智蓑海,分布有排云门、排云殿、佛香阁、众香界、智慧海等主要建筑。

排云殿建在乾隆年间大报恩延寿寺中大雄宝殿的遗址上,是慈禧太后过生日时接受百官朝贺的地方。排云出自晋代诗人郭璞:“神仙排云出,但见金银台”的诗句。在殿内,除了宝座,屏风等常规陈设以外,还有一些渲染气氛的特殊陈设,比如用中国台湾乌木雕刻的屏风,沉香木雕刻的寿字,圆镜插屏,金漆梅花树船和桦木根雕群仙祝寿。在祝寿的时候,二品以上的官员跪拜在排云门内,而三品以下者则在门外,光绪皇帝在二宫门正中跪拜,慈禧则坐在正殿内的九龙宝座上接受拜贺,可见慈禧太后当时地位之高。

(“蕃厘经纬”的匾额意思是幸福无边)

佛香阁、众香界和智慧海是乾隆年间大报恩延寿寺的一部分。

佛香阁建于乾隆二十三年,也就是1758年,在光绪十七年的时候重建,耗费了银两78万多两,是颐和园当中花费最多的工程。它是全园建筑的中心,以8根铁梨木为支柱,支撑着41米高的三层,八面,四重檐的阁楼,艺术水准非常高,原来在这里供奉有5米多高的金身佛像。

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